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Walters CJ, Jubran J, Sheehan A, Erickson MT, Redish AD. Avoid-approach conflict behaviors differentially affected by anxiolytics: implications for a computational model of risky decision-making. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2513-2525. [PMID: 30863879 PMCID: PMC6697581 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Whether fear or anxiety is expressed is thought to depend on an animal's proximity to threat. In general, fear is elicited when threat is proximal, while anxiety is a response to threat that is distal and uncertain. This threat gradient model suggests that fear and anxiety involve non-overlapping neural circuitry, yet few behavioral paradigms exist that elicit both states. We studied avoid-approach conflict in rats that were behaving in a predator-inhabited foraging arena task that involved tangible threat and reward incentives. In the task, rats exhibited a variety of both fearful and anxious behaviors corresponding to proximal and distal threat, respectively. We then administered ethanol or diazepam to the rats in order to study how anxiolytics affected these fear and anxiety behaviors. We discovered that both ethanol and diazepam attenuated proximal-threat fear-like behaviors. Furthermore, we found that diazepam, but not ethanol, increased distal-threat anxiety-like behavior but also made rats less risk-averse. Finally, we describe how decisional conflict can be modeled as a partially observable Markov decision process and characterize a potential relationship between anxious behavior, diazepam's ability to suppress hippocampal theta oscillations, and hippocampal representations of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Walters
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - Ayaka Sheehan
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - A David Redish
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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2
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Sang K, Bao C, Xin Y, Hu S, Gao X, Wang Y, Bodner M, Zhou YD, Dong XW. Plastic change of prefrontal cortex mediates anxiety-like behaviors associated with chronic pain in neuropathic rats. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918783931. [PMID: 29871537 PMCID: PMC6077894 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918783931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies show that anxiety and chronic pain are concomitant. The neural
basis for the comorbidity is unclear. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been
recognized as a critical area for affective disorders and chronic pain
modulation. In this study, we examined the role of the PFC in the pathogenesis
of anxiety associated with chronic pain in a rat model of neuropathic pain with
spare nerve injury (SNI). The SNI rats showed apparent anxiety-like behaviors in
both open field (OF) test and elevated-plus maze (EPM) test eight weeks after
surgery. Thus, the number of entries to the central area in the OF decreased to
45% (±5%, n = 15) of sham control (n = 17), while the overall motor activity
(i.e., total distance) was unaffected. In the EPM, the percentage of entries
into the open arms significantly (p < 0.001) decreased in SNI rats (SNI:
12.58 ± 2.7%, n = 15; sham: 30.75 ± 2.82%, n = 17), so did the time spent in the
open arms (SNI: 4.35 ± 1.45%, n = 15; Sham: 11.65 ± 2.18%, n = 17). To explore
the neural basis for the association between anxiety and chronic pain, local
field potentials (LFPs) were recorded from the medial PFC (mPFC) and ventral
hippocampus. In SNI rats, there were significantly greater increases in both
theta-frequency power in the mPFC and theta-frequency synchronization between
the mPFC and ventral hippocampus, when animals were displaying elevated
anxiety-like behaviors in avoiding anxiogenic regions in EPM and OF chamber.
Western blot analyses showed a significant elevation of serotonin transporter
expression in the anxious SNI rats. Inhibition of serotonin transporter
effectively alleviated anxiety-like behaviors following sub-chronic (15 days)
treatment with systemic citalopram (10 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally). Moreover,
the anxiety-like behaviors in the SNI rats were also suppressed by direct mPFC
application of serotonin. Taken together, we conclude that the plasticity of
serotonin transmission in the mPFC likely contribute to the promotion of anxiety
state associated with neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Sang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaofei Bao
- 1 Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yushi Xin
- 1 Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunan Hu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Gao
- 1 Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- 2 School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yong-Di Zhou
- 4 Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,5 Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiao-Wei Dong
- 1 Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,6 NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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Gonek M, Akbarali HI, Henderson G, Dewey WL. Reversal of oxycodone and hydrocodone tolerance by diazepam. Brain Res 2017; 1674:84-90. [PMID: 28830768 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The Centers for Disease Control has declared opioid abuse to be an epidemic. Overdose deaths are largely assumed to be the result of excessive opioid consumption. In many of these cases, however, opioid abusers are often polydrug abusers. Benzodiazepines are one of the most commonly co-abused substances and pose a significant risk to opioid users. In 2016, the FDA required boxed warnings - the FDA's strongest warning - for prescription opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines about the serious risks associated with using these medications at the same time. The point of our studies was to evaluate the interactions between these two classes of drugs. We investigated whether diazepam adds to the depressant effects of opioids or do they alter the levels of tolerance to opioids. In the present study, we have found that the antinociceptive tolerance that developed to repeated administration of oxycodone was reversed by an acute dose of diazepam. Antinociceptive tolerance to hydrocodone was also reversed by acute injection of diazepam; however, a fourfold higher dose of diazepam was required when compared to reversal of oxycodone-induced tolerance. These doses of diazepam did not potentiate the acute antinociceptive effect of either opioid. The same dose of diazepam that reversed oxycodone antinociceptive tolerance also reversed oxycodone locomotor tolerance while having no potentiating effects. These studies show that diazepam does not potentiate the acute effect of prescription opioids but reverses the tolerance developed after chronic administration of the drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Gonek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1112 East Clay Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0613, USA.
| | - Hamid I Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1112 East Clay Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0613, USA
| | - Graeme Henderson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - William L Dewey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1112 East Clay Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0613, USA
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4
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The anxiolytic-like effect of rutin in rats involves GABAA receptors in the basolateral amygdala. Behav Pharmacol 2017; 28:303-312. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zeitler A, Kamoun N, Goyon S, Wahis J, Charlet A, Poisbeau P, Darbon P. Favouring inhibitory synaptic drive mediated by GABA(A) receptors in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala efficiently reduces pain symptoms in neuropathic mice. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 43:1082-8. [PMID: 26913957 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pain is an emotion and neuropathic pain symptoms are modulated by supraspinal structures such as the amygdala. The central nucleus of the amygdala is often called the 'nociceptive amygdala', but little is known about the role of the basolateral amygdala. Here, we monitored the mechanical nociceptive thresholds in a mouse model of neuropathic pain and infused modulators of the glutamate/GABAergic transmission in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) via chronically-implanted cannulas. We found that an N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptor antagonist (MK-801) exerted a potent antiallodynic effect, whereas a transient allodynia was induced after perfusion of bicuculline, a GABA(A) receptor antagonist. Potentiating GABA(A) receptor function using diazepam or etifoxine (a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic) fully but transiently alleviated mechanical allodynia. Interestingly, the antiallodynic effect of etifoxine disappeared in animals that were incapable of producing 3α-steroids. Diazepam had a similar effect but of shorter duration. As indicated by patch-clamp recordings of BLA neurons, these effects were mediated by a potentiation of GABA(A) receptor-mediated synaptic transmission. Together with a presynaptic elevation of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current frequency, the duration and amplitude of GABA(A) miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents were also increased (postsynaptic effect). The analgesic contribution of endogenous neurosteroid seemed to be exclusively postsynaptic. This study highlights the importance of the BLA and the local inhibitory/excitatory neuronal network activity while setting the mechanical nociceptive threshold. Furthermore, it appears that promoting inhibition in this specific nucleus could fully alleviate pain symptoms. Therefore, the BLA could be a novel interesting target for the development of pharmacological or non-pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Zeitler
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR 3212 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Nisrine Kamoun
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR 3212 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Goyon
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR 3212 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Wahis
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR 3212 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Alexandre Charlet
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR 3212 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierrick Poisbeau
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR 3212 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Pascal Darbon
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR 3212 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
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6
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Jiang H, Fang D, Kong LY, Jin ZR, Cai J, Kang XJ, Wan Y, Xing GG. Sensitization of neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala via the decreased GABAergic inhibition contributes to the development of neuropathic pain-related anxiety-like behaviors in rats. Mol Brain 2014; 7:72. [PMID: 25277376 PMCID: PMC4201706 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-014-0072-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite high prevalence of anxiety accompanying with chronic pain, the mechanisms underlying pain-related anxiety are largely unknown. With its well-documented role in pain and emotion processing, the amygdala may act as a key player in pathogenesis of neuropathic pain-related anxiety. Pain-related plasticity and sensitization of CeA (central nucleus of the amygdala) neurons have been shown in several models of chronic pain. In addition, firing pattern of neurons with spike output can powerfully affect functional output of the brain nucleus, and GABAergic neurons are crucial in the modulation of neuronal excitability. In this study, we first investigated whether pain-related plasticity (e.g. alteration of neuronal firing patterns) and sensitization of CeA neurons contribute to nerve injury-evoked anxiety in neuropathic rats. Furthermore, we explored whether GABAergic disinhibition is responsible for regulating firing patterns and intrinsic excitabilities of CeA neurons as well as for pain-related anxiety in neuropathic rats. RESULTS We discovered that spinal nerve ligation (SNL) produced neuropathic pain-related anxiety-like behaviors in rats, which could be specifically inhibited by intra-CeA administration of anti-anxiety drug diazepam. Moreover, we found potentiated plasticity and sensitization of CeA neurons in SNL-induced anxiety rats, of which including: 1) increased burst firing pattern and early-adapting firing pattern; 2) increased spike frequency and intrinsic excitability; 3) increased amplitude of both after-depolarized-potential (ADP) and sub-threshold membrane potential oscillation. In addition, we observed a remarkable reduction of GABAergic inhibition in CeA neurons in SNL-induced anxiety rats, which was proved to be important for altered firing patterns and hyperexcitability of CeA neurons, thereby greatly contributing to the development of neuropathic pain-related anxiety. Accordantly, activation of GABAergic inhibition by intra-CeA administration of muscimol, a selective GABAA receptors agonist, could inhibit SNL-induced anxiety-like behaviors in neuropathic rats. By contrast, suppression of GABAergic inhibition by intra-CeA administration of bicuculline, a selective GABAA receptors antagonist, produced anxiety-like behavior in normal rats. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that reduction of GABAergic inhibition may be responsible for potentiated plasticity and sensitization of CeA neurons, which likely underlie the enhanced output of amygdala and neuropathic pain-related anxiety in SNL rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
| | - Dong Fang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
| | - Ling-Yu Kong
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
| | - Zi-Run Jin
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Cai
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
| | - Xue-Jing Kang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
| | - You Wan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
| | - Guo-Gang Xing
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China. .,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
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Contreras CM, Rodríguez-Landa JF, García-Ríos RI, Cueto-Escobedo J, Guillen-Ruiz G, Bernal-Morales B. Myristic acid produces anxiolytic-like effects in Wistar rats in the elevated plus maze. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:492141. [PMID: 25328885 PMCID: PMC4189847 DOI: 10.1155/2014/492141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A mixture of eight fatty acids (linoleic, palmitic, stearic, myristic, elaidic, lauric, oleic, and palmitoleic acids) at similar concentrations identified in human amniotic fluid produces anxiolytic-like effects comparable to diazepam in Wistar rats. However, individual effects of each fatty acid remain unexplored. In Wistar rats, we evaluated the separate action of each fatty acid at the corresponding concentrations previously found in human amniotic fluid on anxiety-like behaviour. Individual effects were compared with vehicle, an artificial mixture of the same eight fatty acids, and a reference anxiolytic drug (diazepam, 2 mg/kg). Myristic acid, the fatty acid mixture, and diazepam increased the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and reduced the anxiety index compared with vehicle, without altering general locomotor activity. The other fatty acids had no effect on anxiety-like behaviour, but oleic acid reduced locomotor activity. Additionally, myristic acid produced anxiolytic-like effects only when the concentration corresponded to the one identified in human amniotic fluid (30 μg/mL) but did not alter locomotor activity. We conclude that of the eight fatty acids contained in the fatty acid mixture, only myristic acid produces anxiolytic-like effects when administered individually at a similar concentration detected in human amniotic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Contreras
- Unidad Periférica Xalapa, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Rosa Isela García-Ríos
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Guillen-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Blandina Bernal-Morales
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
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Amitriptyline reverses hyperalgesia and improves associated mood-like disorders in a model of experimental monoarthritis. Behav Brain Res 2014; 265:12-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Castilla-Ortega E, Escuredo L, Bilbao A, Pedraza C, Orio L, Estivill-Torrús G, Santín LJ, de Fonseca FR, Pavón FJ. 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid: a new mediator of emotional behavior in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85348. [PMID: 24409327 PMCID: PMC3883702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the control of emotional behavior remains to be determined. We analyzed the effects of the central administration of 1-oleoyl-LPA (LPA 18∶1) in rats tested for food consumption and anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors. For this purpose, the elevated plus-maze, open field, Y maze, forced swimming and food intake tests were performed. In addition, c-Fos expression in the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (DPAG) was also determined. The results revealed that the administration of LPA 18∶1 reduced the time in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze and induced hypolocomotion in the open field, suggesting an anxiogenic-like phenotype. Interestingly, these effects were present following LPA 18∶1 infusion under conditions of novelty but not under habituation conditions. In the forced swimming test, the administration of LPA 18∶1 dose-dependently increased depression-like behavior, as evaluated according to immobility time. LPA treatment induced no effects on feeding. However, the immunohistochemical analysis revealed that LPA 18∶1 increased c-Fos expression in the DPAG. The abundant expression of the LPA1 receptor, one of the main targets for LPA 18∶1, was detected in this brain area, which participates in the control of emotional behavior, using immunocytochemistry. These findings indicate that LPA is a relevant transmitter potentially involved in normal and pathological emotional responses, including anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Castilla-Ortega
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Leticia Escuredo
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Bilbao
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Pedraza
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Orio
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis J. Santín
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
- * E-mail: (LJS); (FRDF)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (LJS); (FRDF)
| | - Francisco Javier Pavón
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
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10
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Hull LC, Gabra BH, Bailey CP, Henderson G, Dewey WL. Reversal of morphine analgesic tolerance by ethanol in the mouse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 345:512-9. [PMID: 23528610 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.202184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic use of opioids in humans, accompanied by the development of tolerance, is a dangerous phenomenon in its own right. However, chronic opioid use is often made more dangerous by the coconsumption of other substances. It has been observed that the blood level of opioids in postmortem analyses of addicts, who consumed ethanol along with the opioid, was much less than that observed in individuals who died from opioids alone. This relationship between ethanol and opioids led us to investigate the hypothesis that ethanol alters tolerance to opioids. In the present study, we report that ethanol significantly and dose-dependently reduced the antinociceptive tolerance produced by morphine and the cross-tolerance between [D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO) and morphine in the mouse tail-flick test. The reversal of morphine tolerance was partially blocked by both the gamma receptor blocker bicuculline and by the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(B) receptor blocker phaclofen and the administration of both inhibitors completely reversed the effects of ethanol on morphine tolerance. Diazepam, like ethanol, decreased morphine tolerance. However, this inhibition was reversed by the GABA(A) antagonist bicuculline but not by the GABA(B) antagonist phaclofen. These findings have important implications for individuals who abuse opioids and ethanol as well as suggest a mechanism to reduce the amount of opioid needed in chronic pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Hull
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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11
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Parent AJ, Beaudet N, Beaudry H, Bergeron J, Bérubé P, Drolet G, Sarret P, Gendron L. Increased anxiety-like behaviors in rats experiencing chronic inflammatory pain. Behav Brain Res 2012; 229:160-7. [PMID: 22245257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
For many patients, chronic pain is often accompanied, and sometimes amplified, by co-morbidities such as anxiety and depression. Although it represents important challenges, the establishment of appropriate preclinical behavioral models contributes to drug development for treating chronic inflammatory pain and associated psychopathologies. In this study, we investigated whether rats experiencing persistent inflammatory pain induced by intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) developed anxiety-like behaviors, and whether clinically used analgesic and anxiolytic drugs were able to reverse CFA-induced anxiety-related phenotypes. These behaviors were evaluated over 28 days in both CFA- and saline-treated groups with a variety of behavioral tests. CFA-induced mechanical allodynia resulted in increased anxiety-like behaviors as evidenced by: (1) a significant decrease in percentage of time spent and number of entries in open arms of the elevated-plus maze (EPM), (2) a decrease in number of central squares visited in the open field (OF), and (3) a reduction in active social interactions in the social interaction test (SI). The number of entries in closed arms in the EPM and the distance traveled in the OF used as indicators of locomotor performance did not differ between treatments. Our results also reveal that in CFA-treated rats, acute administration of morphine (3mg/kg, s.c.) abolished tactile allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors, whereas acute administration of diazepam (1mg/kg, s.c) solely reversed anxiety-like behaviors. Therefore, pharmacological treatment of anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic inflammatory pain can be objectively evaluated using multiple behavioral tests. Such a model could help identify/validate alternative potential targets that influence pain and cognitive dimensions of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre J Parent
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Abdel Gawad NM, Hassan GS, Georgey HH, El-Zorba HY. Benzoxepin derivatives: design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation with sedative–hypnotic effect. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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CNS activation maps in awake rats exposed to thermal stimuli to the dorsum of the hindpaw. Neuroimage 2011; 54:1355-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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