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Strohm AO, Majewska AK. Physical exercise regulates microglia in health and disease. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1420322. [PMID: 38911597 PMCID: PMC11192042 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1420322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a well-established link between physical activity and brain health. As such, the effectiveness of physical exercise as a therapeutic strategy has been explored in a variety of neurological contexts. To determine the extent to which physical exercise could be most beneficial under different circumstances, studies are needed to uncover the underlying mechanisms behind the benefits of physical activity. Interest has grown in understanding how physical activity can regulate microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system. Microglia are key mediators of neuroinflammatory processes and play a role in maintaining brain homeostasis in healthy and pathological settings. Here, we explore the evidence suggesting that physical activity has the potential to regulate microglia activity in various animal models. We emphasize key areas where future research could contribute to uncovering the therapeutic benefits of engaging in physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra O. Strohm
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ania K. Majewska
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
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Yang K, Liu C, Shao J, Guo L, Wang Q, Meng Z, Jin X, Chen X. Would Combination Be Better: Swimming Exercise and Intermittent Fasting Improve High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Rats via the miR-122-5p/SREBP-1c/CPT1A Pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1675-1686. [PMID: 38623310 PMCID: PMC11016699 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s448165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Swimming and intermittent fasting can both improve obesity-induced NAFLD, but which of the two is more effective and whether the combination of the two has a superimposed effect is inconclusive. Methods The model of NAFLD in obese rats was established by a high-fat diet and performed swimming, intermittent fasting, and a combination of both interventions for 8 weeks. Serum lipids and enzyme activity were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Liver morphostructural analysis was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and morphology was observed by HE staining. RT‒PCR was used to detect the mRNA level. Results Morphology and microstructure of the liver of model rats were impaired, with the upregulation of miR-122-5p, SREBP-1c, FASN and ACC1. Eight weeks of swimming exercise, intermittent fasting and the combination of both attenuate these effects, manifested by the downregulation of miR-122-5p and upregulation of CPT1A mRNA levels. There was no significant stacking effect of the combination of the swimming and intermittent fasting interventions. Conclusion NAFLD leads to pathology in model rats. Eight weeks of swimming exercise, intermittent fasting and the combination of both can inhibit miR-122-5p and improve hepatic lipid metabolism, while no significant additive effects of combining the interventions were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengye Liu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Shao
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingxiang Guo
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Respiratory Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxiang Meng
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Jin
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianghe Chen
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Luo C, Huang P, Cheng Y, Ma Y, Gao J, Ding H. Diosmetin Ameliorates HFD-induced Cognitive Impairments via Inhibiting Metabolic Disorders, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Male SD Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04083-x. [PMID: 38460078 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Currently, accumulating evidence has indicated that overnutrition-associated obesity may result in not only metabolic dysregulations, but also cognitive impairments. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Diosmetin, a bioflavonoid compound with multiple biological functions, on cognitive deficits induced by a high fat diet (HFD) and the potential mechanisms. In the present study, oral administration of Diosmetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) for 12 weeks significantly reduced the body weight, restored glucose tolerance and normalized lipid profiles in the serum and liver in HFD-induced obese rats. Diosmetin also significantly ameliorated depression-like behaviors and impaired spatial memory in multiple behavioral tests, including the open field test, elevated plus-maze and Morris water maze, which was in accordance with the decreased pathological changes and neuronal damage in different regions of hippocampus as suggested by H&E and Nissl staining. Notably, our results also indicated that Diosmetin could significantly improve mitochondrial dysfunction induced by HFD through upregulating genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, increasing mitochondrial ATP levels and inhibiting oxidative stress. Moreover, the levels of key enzymes involved in the TCA cycle were also significantly increased upon Diosmetin treatment. Meanwhile, Diosmetin inhibited HFD-induced microglial overactivation and down-regulated inflammatory cytokines both in the serum and hippocampus. In conclusion, these results indicated that Diosmetin might be a novel nutritional intervention to prevent the occurrence and development of obesity-associated cognitive dysfunction via metabolic regulation and anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyun Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Puxin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahong Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufang Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiefang Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China.
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Yang X, Zhou P, Zhao Z, Li J, Fan Z, Li X, Cui Z, Fu A. Improvement Effect of Mitotherapy on the Cognitive Ability of Alzheimer's Disease through NAD +/SIRT1-Mediated Autophagy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2006. [PMID: 38001859 PMCID: PMC10669341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has grown to be a predominant health challenge that disturbs the elderly population. Studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most significant features of AD. Transplantation therapy of healthy mitochondria (mitotherapy), as a novel therapeutic strategy to restore mitochondrial function, is proposed to treat the mitochondria-associated disease. Also, the molecular mechanism of mitotherapy remains unclear. Here, we applied the mitotherapy in AD model mice induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition and suggested that autophagy would be an important mechanism of the mitotherapy. After the healthy mitochondria entered the defective neuronal cells damaged by the misfolded Aβ protein, autophagy was activated through the NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signal. The damaged mitochondria and Aβ protein were eliminated by autophagy, which could also decrease the content of radical oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and extracellular-regulated protein kinases (ERK) phosphorylation increased after mitotherapy, which would be beneficial to repair neuronal function. As a result, the cognitive ability of AD animals was ameliorated in a water maze test after the healthy mitochondria were administrated to the mice. The study indicated that mitotherapy would be an effective approach to AD treatment through the mechanism of autophagy activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ailing Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.Y.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
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Nabil M, Kassem DH, Ali AA, El-Mesallamy HO. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease rat model: Emerging role of SIRT1. Biofactors 2023; 49:1121-1142. [PMID: 37323056 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex form of neurodegenerative dementia. Growing body of evidence supports the cardinal role of sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in neurodegeneration and AD development. Recently, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) have made their mark for a wide array of regenerative medicine applications, including neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Ad-MSCs in AD rat model, and to explore the possible implication of SIRT1. Ad-MSCs were isolated from rat epididymal fat pads and properly characterized. Aluminum chloride was used to induce AD in rats, and afterward, a group of AD-induced rats received a single dose of Ad-MSCs (2 × 106 cell, I.V per rat). One month after Ad-MSCs transplantation, behavioral tests were done, brain tissues were collected, then histopathological and biochemical assessments were performed. Amyloid beta and SIRT1 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Whereas expression levels of neprilysin, BCL2 associated X protein, B-cell lymphoma-2, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and nerve growth factor in hippocampus and frontal cortex brain tissues were assessed using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Our data demonstrated that transplantation of Ad-MSCs alleviated cognitive impairment in AD rats. Additionally, they exhibited anti-amyloidogenic, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, as well as neurogenic effects. Furthermore, Ad-MSCs were found to possibly mediate their therapeutic effects, at least partially, via modulating both central and systemic SIRT1 levels. Hence, the current study portrays Ad-MSCs as an effective therapeutic approach for AD management and opens the door for future investigations to further elucidate the role of SIRT1 and its interrelated molecular mediators in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Nabil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dina H Kassem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O El-Mesallamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Sinai, Egypt
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Vargas-Soria M, García-Alloza M, Corraliza-Gómez M. Effects of diabetes on microglial physiology: a systematic review of in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:57. [PMID: 36869375 PMCID: PMC9983227 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous chronic metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia, commonly preceded by a prediabetic state. The excess of blood glucose can damage multiple organs, including the brain. In fact, cognitive decline and dementia are increasingly being recognized as important comorbidities of diabetes. Despite the largely consistent link between diabetes and dementia, the underlying causes of neurodegeneration in diabetic patients remain to be elucidated. A common factor for almost all neurological disorders is neuroinflammation, a complex inflammatory process in the central nervous system for the most part orchestrated by microglial cells, the main representatives of the immune system in the brain. In this context, our research question aimed to understand how diabetes affects brain and/or retinal microglia physiology. We conducted a systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science to identify research items addressing the effects of diabetes on microglial phenotypic modulation, including critical neuroinflammatory mediators and their pathways. The literature search yielded 1327 records, including 18 patents. Based on the title and abstracts, 830 papers were screened from which 250 primary research papers met the eligibility criteria (original research articles with patients or with a strict diabetes model without comorbidities, that included direct data about microglia in the brain or retina), and 17 additional research papers were included through forward and backward citations, resulting in a total of 267 primary research articles included in the scoping systematic review. We reviewed all primary publications investigating the effects of diabetes and/or its main pathophysiological traits on microglia, including in vitro studies, preclinical models of diabetes and clinical studies on diabetic patients. Although a strict classification of microglia remains elusive given their capacity to adapt to the environment and their morphological, ultrastructural and molecular dynamism, diabetes modulates microglial phenotypic states, triggering specific responses that include upregulation of activity markers (such as Iba1, CD11b, CD68, MHC-II and F4/80), morphological shift to amoeboid shape, secretion of a wide variety of cytokines and chemokines, metabolic reprogramming and generalized increase of oxidative stress. Pathways commonly activated by diabetes-related conditions include NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, fractalkine/CX3CR1, MAPKs, AGEs/RAGE and Akt/mTOR. Altogether, the detailed portrait of complex interactions between diabetes and microglia physiology presented here can be regarded as an important starting point for future research focused on the microglia-metabolism interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Vargas-Soria
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.,Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Mónica García-Alloza
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.,Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Miriam Corraliza-Gómez
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain.
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Goulet N, McCormick JJ, King KE, Notley SR, Goldfield GS, Fujii N, Amano T, Kenny GP. Elevations in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor following occupational heat stress are not influenced by age or common chronic disease. Temperature (Austin) 2023; 10:454-464. [PMID: 38130657 PMCID: PMC10732602 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2023.2176107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
With global warming, workers are increasingly exposed to strenuous occupations in hot environments. Given age- and disease-associated declines in thermoregulatory function, older workers are at an elevated risk of developing heat-related injuries. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is thought to confer neuroprotection during acute exercise, however, the influence of environmental heat on BDNF responses during prolonged work remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated serum BDNF concentrations before and after 180 min of moderate-intensity treadmill walking (200 W/m2) and after 60 min of post-exercise recovery in temperate (wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) 16°C) and hot (WBGT 32°C) environments in 13 healthy young men (mean [SD; 22 [3] years), 12 healthy older men (59 [4] years), 10 men with hypertension (HTN) (60 [4] years), and 9 men with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (60 [5] years). In the temperate condition, all but one participant (1 HTN) completed the 180 min of exercise. While exercise tolerance in the heat was lower in older men with HTN (117 min [45]) and T2D (123 min [42]) compared to healthy older men (159 min [31]) (both p ≤ 0.049), similar end-exercise rectal temperatures (38.9°C [0.4]) were observed across groups, paralleled by similar elevations in serum BDNF across groups at end-exercise (+1106 pg/mL [203]) and end-recovery (+938 pg/mL [146]; all p ≤ 0.01) in the heat. No changes in serum BDNF were observed in the temperate condition. Our findings indicate similar BDNF responses in individuals with HTN or T2D compared to their healthy counterparts, despite exhibiting reduced tolerance to heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Goulet
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Canada
- Behavioural and Metabolic Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Canada
| | - James J. McCormick
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Canada
| | - Kelli E. King
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Canada
| | - Sean R. Notley
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Canada
| | - Gary S. Goldfield
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Canada
| | - Naoto Fujii
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Amano
- Laboratory for Exercise and Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Glen P. Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada, Canada
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Liao H, Huang J, Liu J, Zhu H, Chen Y, Li X, Wen J, Yang Q. Sirt1 regulates microglial activation and inflammation following oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury by targeting the Shh/Gli-1 signaling pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3317-3327. [PMID: 36725745 PMCID: PMC10042964 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemic injury leads to over-activation of microglia, which release pro-inflammatory factors that deteriorate neurological function during the acute phase of stroke. Thus, inhibiting microglial over-activation is crucial for reducing ischemic injury. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) has been shown to play a critical role in stroke, neurodegenerative diseases and aging. However, the effect of Sirt1 on the regulation of microglial activation following cerebral ischemic injury, as well as the underlying mechanism, remain unknown. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to mainly investigate the effect of Sirt1 on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-treated N9 microglia following treatment with the Sirt1 agonists resveratrol and SRT1720 and the Sirt1 antagonist sirtinol. METHODS Cell viability, Apoptosis, activation and inflammatory responses of microglia, expressions and activity of Shh signaling pathway proteins were detected by Cell Counting Kit 8, Flow Cytometry, immunocytochemistry, ELISA, and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS The results demonstrated that treatment with resveratrol or SRT1720 could inhibit the activation of microglia and inflammation during OGD/R. Moreover, these treatments also led to the translocation of the GLI family zinc finger-1 (Gli-1) protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and upregulated the expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Patched homolog-1 (Ptc-1), smoothened frizzled class receptor and Gli-1. By contrast, the inhibition of Sirt1 using sirtinol had the opposite effect. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that Sirt1 may regulate microglial activation and inflammation by targeting the Shh/Gli-1 signaling pathway following OGD/R injury. Schematic representation of Sirt1 regulating the microglial activation and inflammation following oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury via mediation of Shh/Gli-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiagui Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Shen Z, Li ZY, Yu MT, Tan KL, Chen S. Metabolic perspective of astrocyte dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes brains. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114206. [PMID: 36916433 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The term type III diabetes (T3DM) has been proposed for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to the shared molecular and cellular features between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and insulin resistance-associated memory deficits and cognitive decline in elderly individuals. Astrocytes elicit neuroprotective or deleterious effects in AD progression and severity. Patients with T2DM are at a high risk of cognitive impairment, and targeting astrocytes might be promising in alleviating neurodegeneration in the diabetic brain. Recent studies focusing on cell-specific activities in the brain have revealed the important role of astrocytes in brain metabolism (e.g., glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism), neurovascular coupling, synapses, and synaptic plasticity. In this review, we discuss how astrocytes and their dysfunction result in multiple pathological and clinical features of AD and T2DM from a metabolic perspective and the potential comorbid mechanism in these two diseases from the perspective of astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Shen
- Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Li
- Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China
| | - Meng-Ting Yu
- Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China
| | - Kai-Leng Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Si Chen
- Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China.
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DiNicolantonio JJ, McCarty MF, O'Keefe JH. Nutraceutical activation of Sirt1: a review. Open Heart 2022; 9:openhrt-2022-002171. [PMID: 36522127 PMCID: PMC9756291 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-002171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The deacetylase sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), activated by calorie restriction and fasting, exerts several complementary effects on cellular function that are favourable to healthspan; it is often thought of as an 'anti-aging' enzyme. Practical measures which might boost Sirt1 activity are therefore of considerable interest. A number of nutraceuticals have potential in this regard. Nutraceuticals reported to enhance Sirt1 synthesis or protein expression include ferulic acid, tetrahydrocurcumin, urolithin A, melatonin, astaxanthin, carnosic acid and neochlorogenic acid. The half-life of Sirt1 protein can be enhanced with the natural nicotinamide catabolite N1-methylnicotinamide. The availability of Sirt1's obligate substrate NAD+ can be increased in several ways: nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide can function as substrates for NAD+ synthesis; activators of AMP-activated kinase-such as berberine-can increase expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, which is rate limiting for NAD+ synthesis; and nutraceutical quinones such as thymoquinone and pyrroloquinoline quinone can boost NAD+ by promoting oxidation of NADH. Induced ketosis-as via ingestion of medium-chain triglycerides-can increase NAD+ in the brain by lessening the reduction of NAD+ mediated by glycolysis. Post-translational modifications of Sirt1 by O-GlcNAcylation or sulfonation can increase its activity, suggesting that administration of glucosamine or of agents promoting hydrogen sulfide synthesis may aid Sirt1 activity. Although resveratrol has poor pharmacokinetics, it can bind to Sirt1 and activate it allosterically-as can so-called sirtuin-activating compound drugs. Since oxidative stress can reduce Sirt1 activity in multiple ways, effective antioxidant supplementation that blunts such stress may also help preserve Sirt1 activity in some circumstances. Combination nutraceutical regimens providing physiologically meaningful doses of several of these agents, capable of activating Sirt1 in complementary ways, may have considerable potential for health promotion. Such measures may also amplify the benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in non-diabetic disorders, as these benefits appear to reflect upregulation of Sirt1 and AMP-activated protein kinase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J DiNicolantonio
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Mark F McCarty
- Catalytic Longevity Foundation, Encinitas, California, USA
| | - James H O'Keefe
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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The Beneficial Role of Sirtuin 1 in Preventive or Therapeutic Options of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neuroscience 2022; 504:79-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Espasandín C, Rivero S, Bengoa L, Cal K, Romanelli G, Benech JC, Damián JP. CaMKIV/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway expression in prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice with anxious-like behavior. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2687-2699. [PMID: 35984483 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) tend to manifest anxiety and depression, which could be related to changes in the expression of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV), transcription factor cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in different brain regions. The objective of this study was to determine whether mice with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) induced with streptozotocin show a profile of anxious-type behaviors and alterations in the expression/activity of CaMKIV, CREB, pCREB and BDNF in different regions of the brain (prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus) in comparison to non-diabetic mice (NDB). Mice with 3 months of chronic DM showed an anxious-like behavioral profile in two anxiety tests (Open Field and Elevated Plus Maze), when compared to NDB. There were significant differences in the expression of cell signaling proteins: diabetic mice had a lower expression of CaMKIV in the hippocampus, a greater expression of CREB in the amygdala and hypothalamus, as well as a lower pCREB/CREB in hypothalamus than NDB mice (P < 0.05). This is the first study evaluating the expression of CaMKIV in the brain of animals with DM, who presented lower expression of this protein in the hippocampus. In addition, it is the first time that CREB was evaluated in amygdala and hypothalamus of animals with DM, who presented a higher expression. Further research is necessary to determine the possible link between expression of CaMKIV and CREB, and the behavioral profile of anxiety in diabetic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Espasandín
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, 11600, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Señalización Celular y Nanobiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avenida Italia 3318, 11600, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay
| | - Sofía Rivero
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, 11600, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay
| | - Laura Bengoa
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, 11600, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay
| | - Karina Cal
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, 11600, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Patologías del Metabolismo y el Envejecimiento, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay
| | - Gerardo Romanelli
- Laboratorio de Señalización Celular y Nanobiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avenida Italia 3318, 11600, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay
| | - Juan Claudio Benech
- Laboratorio de Señalización Celular y Nanobiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avenida Italia 3318, 11600, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay
| | - Juan Pablo Damián
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, 11600, Montevideo, CP, Uruguay.
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13
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Maroofi A, Moro T, Agrimi J, Safari F. Cognitive decline in heart failure: Biomolecular mechanisms and benefits of exercise. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166511. [PMID: 35932891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
By definition, heart failure (HF) is a human pathological condition affecting the structure and function of all organs in the body, and the brain is not an exception to that. Failure of the heart to pump enough blood centrally and peripherally is at the foundation of HF patients' inability to attend even the most ordinary daily activities and progressive deterioration of their cognitive capacity. What is more, between heart and brain exists a bidirectional relationship that goes well beyond hemodynamics and concerns bioelectric and endocrine signaling. This increasingly consolidated evidence makes the scenario even more complex. Studies have mainly chased how HF impairs cognition without focusing much on preventive measures, notably cardio-cerebral health proxies. Here, we aim to provide a brief account of known and hypothetical factors that may explain how exercise can help obviate cognitive dysfunction associated with HF in its different forms. As we shall see, there is a stringent need for a deeper grasp of such mechanisms. Indeed, gaining this new knowledge will automatically shed new light on the inner workings of HF itself, thus resulting in more effective prevention and treatment of this escalating syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbaset Maroofi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Tatiana Moro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Jacopo Agrimi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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14
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Liu D, Wang J, Chang L, Zhu Q, Jiang N, Azhar M, Zeng G. Effect of Qingyangshen glycosides on social defeat mice model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115253. [PMID: 35390471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qingyangshen (Cynanchum otophyllum C.K.Schneid.PI.Wilson.) is the folk medicine of Yunnan which is renowned for its use in the management of neuropsychiatric diseases. The isolated glycosides from Qingyangshen have demonstrated relief in the social defeat stress, however, mechanism of action has not yet been elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is aimed to elucidate the effect of Qingyangshen glycosides (QYS) on chronic social defeat stress (CSDS)-induced depression-like symptoms and the related mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS In mice, CSDS model was developed, and the effect of QYS was evaluated by observing the behavioral performance of these mice exposed to tasks related to depression-like activities. Moreover, microscopic pathological examinutesation was also done. Furthermore, the protein expressions related to social defeat stress were also determined to elucidate the possible underlying mechanism. RESULTS Our results indicated that QYS treatment reversed the CSDS-induced depressive-like behaviors as measured by the increased sucrose preference, open field activity, and social interactions among mice. The reversal of the morphological changes in the hippocampus of the CSDS mice was also noted. Additionally, QYS treatment also upregulated the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), fibronectin III domain containing protein 5 (FNDC5), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that QYS had a good anti-social defeat stress effect on CSDS-induced depression in mice, mainly through SIRT1/PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Liu
- College of Pharmacy & Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis and Mechanism of Action, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- College of Pharmacy & Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis and Mechanism of Action, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lulu Chang
- College of Pharmacy & Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis and Mechanism of Action, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- College of Pharmacy & Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis and Mechanism of Action, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mudassar Azhar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Guirong Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of New Drugs & Hunan Provincial Research Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, Changsha, 410331, China.
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15
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Cheng SM, Lee SD. Exercise Training Enhances BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway and Inhibits Apoptosis in Diabetic Cerebral Cortex. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6740. [PMID: 35743182 PMCID: PMC9223566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the therapeutic effects of exercise training on neural BDNF/TrkB signaling and apoptotic pathways in diabetic cerebral cortex. Thirty-six male C57BL/6JNarl mice were randomly divided into three groups: control (CON-G), diabetic group (DM-G, 100 mg/kg streptozotocin, i.p.), and diabetic with exercise training group (DMEX-G, Swim training for 30 min/day, 5 days/week). After 12 weeks, H&E staining, TUNEL staining, and Western blotting were performed to detect the morphological changes, neural apoptosis, and protein levels in the cerebral cortex. The Bcl2, BclxL, and pBad were significant decreased in DM-G compared with CON-G, whereas they (excluded the Ras and pRaf1) were increased in DMEX-G. In addition, interstitial space and TUNEL(+) apoptotic cells found increased in DM-G with increases in Fas/FasL-mediated (FasL, Fas, FADD, cleaved-caspase-8, and cleaved-caspase-3) and mitochondria-initiated (tBid, Bax/Bcl2, Bak/BclxL, Bad, Apaf1, cytochrome c, and cleaved-caspase-9) apoptotic pathways. However, diabetes-induced neural apoptosis was less in DMEX-G than DM-G with observed raises in the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway as well as decreases in Fas/FasL-mediated and mitochondria-initiated pathways. In conclusion, exercise training provided neuroprotective effects via enhanced neural BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway and prevent Fas/FasL-mediated and mitochondria-initiated apoptotic pathways in diabetic cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Min Cheng
- Department of Long-Term Care, National Quemoy University, Kinmen 892009, Taiwan;
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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16
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Mani V, Arfeen M, Sajid S, Almogbel Y. Aqueous Extract from Sukkari Date Seeds Attenuates Neuroinflammation Induced by Type-2 Diabetic in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.570.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Sarmah D, Datta A, Kaur H, Kalia K, Borah A, Rodriguez AM, Yavagal DR, Bhattacharya P. Sirtuin-1 - Mediated NF-κB Pathway Modulation to Mitigate Inflammasome Signaling and Cellular Apoptosis is One of the Neuroprotective Effects of Intra-arterial Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Following Ischemic Stroke. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:821-838. [PMID: 35112234 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Stroke results in long term serious disability that affect millions across the globe. Several clinical and preclinical studies have reinforced the therapeutic use of stem cells in stroke patients to enhance their quality of life. Previous studies from our lab have demonstrated that 1*105 allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) when given intraarterially (IA) render neuroprotection by modulating the expression of inflammasomes. Sirtuins are a class of important deacylases having a significant role in cellular functioning. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) is an important enzyme essential for regulating cellular metabolism, which is reduced following an ischemic episode. The present study aims to unviel the role of MSCs in regulating the brain SIRT-1 levels following stroke and the involvement of SIRT-1 in regulating inflammasome signaling to reduce cellular apoptosis towards rendering neuroprotection. MATERIALS AND METHODS 6 h post-reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), ovariectomized Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were infused intraarterially with 1*105 MSCs. 24 h after MCAo animals were examined for functional and behavioral outcomes. Brains were collected for assessing size of infarct and neuronal morphology. Molecular and immunofluroscence studies were also performed for assessing changes in gene and protein expressions. Extent of apoptosis was also determined in different groups. Inhibition study with SIRT-1 specific inhibitor EX-527 was also performed. RESULTS A reduction in infarct size and improvement in motor functional and behavioral outcomes following infusion of MSCs IA at 6 h post-stroke was observed. Increase in average neuronal density and neuronal length was also seen. Increased expression of SIRT-1, BDNF and concomitant reduction in the expression of different inflammatory and apoptotic markers in the brain cortical regions were observed following MSCs treatment. CONCLUSION Our study provides a preliminary evidence that post-stroke IA MSCs therapy regulates SIRT-1 to modulate NF-κB pathway to mitigate inflammasome signaling and cellular apoptosis. This study using IA approach for administering MSCs is highly relevant clinically. Our study is the first to report that neuroprotective effects of IA MSCs in rodent focal ischemia is mediated by SIRT-1 regulation of inflammasome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | | | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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18
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Zhang X, Wu W, Luo Y, Wang Z. Transcranial photobiomodulation therapy ameliorates perioperative neurocognitive disorder through modulation of mitochondrial function in aged mice. Neuroscience 2021; 490:236-249. [PMID: 34979260 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a serious nervous system complication characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, especially in geriatric population. However, the neuropathogenesis of PND is complex, and there are no approved disease-modifying therapeutic options. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been demonstrated to contribute to the occurrence and development of PND. Transcranial near-infrared (tNIR) light treatment helps to improve mitochondrial dysfunction and enhance cognition, but its effect on PND remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effect of tNIR light treatment on PND caused by anesthesia and surgery in aged mice. We built the PND models with 18-month C57BL/6 male mice by exploratory laparotomy under isoflurane inhalation anesthesia, and treated by tNIR light with wavelength 810 nm for 2 weeks. The short-term and long-term changes in cognitive function were analyzed by behavioral tests. We further explored the effects of tNIR light on mitochondria, synapses, neurons, and signaling pathways through different experimental methods. The results demonstrated that the cognitive impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction in PND mice were ameliorated after tNIR light treatment. Further experiments demonstrated that photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) increased synapse-related protein expression, neuronal survival, and protected synapse from depletion. Moreover, downregulated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) were increased after tNIR light treatment. Our results suggested that tNIR light was an effective treatment of PND through PBMT effect, accompanied by synaptic and neuronal improvement. The improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway might participate in this process. Those findings might provide a novel and noninvasive therapeutic target for PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wensi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuelian Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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19
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Li X, He Q, Zhao N, Chen X, Li T, Cheng B. High intensity interval training ameliorates cognitive impairment in T2DM mice possibly by improving PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling-regulated autophagy in the hippocampus. Brain Res 2021; 1773:147703. [PMID: 34743961 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Exercise can improve cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear, and the optimal exercise modes for cognitive benefits are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity interval training (MICT) on cognitive function and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway as well as autophagy in T2DM mice. The results showed that 8 weeks of HIIT and MICT intervention could improve the spatial learning and memory ability of T2DM mice, as determined by the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Both HIIT and MICT similarly improved autophagy, as evidenced by increased Beclin1 and LC3 II/I ratios and decreased p62. Meanwhile, HIIT and MICT inhibited excessive activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in the hippocampus. HIIT induced a larger reduction in mTOR activity than MICT. This study suggests that both HIIT and MICT can alleviate cognitive decline induced by T2DM, improve autophagy in the hippocampus, and downregulate the excessive activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, with similar effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Li
- School of Physical Education of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang He
- School of Physical Education of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianghe Chen
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tuojian Li
- School of Physical Education of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- School of Physical Education of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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20
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Preischemic Treadmill Exercise Ameliorates Memory Impairment and Microvasculature Damage in Rat Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Int Neurourol J 2021; 25:S72-80. [PMID: 34844389 PMCID: PMC8654316 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2142340.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in the brain is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and plays a neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders. The effect of preischemic treadmill exercise on chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH)-induced spatial learning memory impairment, microvascular injury, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in relation with SIRT1 expression was evaluated. Methods Prior to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) surgery, the rats in the exercise groups performed low-intensity treadmill running for 30 minutes once daily during 8 weeks. BCCAO surgery was performed on male Wistar rats at 12 weeks of age. Spatial learning memory was measured using the Morris water maze test. Neuronal nuclear antigen, SIRT1, and rat endothelial cells antigen 1 were determined by immunohistochemistry and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta was determined by immunofluorescence. Results Preischemic treadmill exercise ameliorated spatial learning memory impairment and enhanced SIRT1 expression in the BCCAO rats. Preischemic treadmill exercise ameliorated BCCAO-induced damage to microvasculature and pericytes that make up the BBB. The effect of preischemic treadmill exercise was lost with sirtinol treatment. Conclusions These results can apply treadmill exercise prior to cerebral ischemia as a rational preventive and therapeutic intervention strategy to improve cognitive dysfunction in CCH patients.
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21
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Naghibi S, Shariatzadeh Joneydi M, Barzegari A, Davoodabadi A, Ebrahimi A, Eghdami E, Fahimpour N, Ghorbani M, Mohammadikia E, Rostami M, Salari AA. Treadmill exercise sex-dependently alters susceptibility to depression-like behaviour, cytokines and BDNF in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rats with sporadic Alzheimer-like disease. Physiol Behav 2021; 241:113595. [PMID: 34536437 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with increased depression-related behaviours. Previous studies have reported a greater risk of AD and depression in women. In recent years, we and others have provided evidence that exercise during life could be used as a therapeutic strategy for stress-related disorders such as depression. The main goal of the current study was to determine whether treadmill exercise during life can reduce depression-related behaviours in male and female Wistar rats with sporadic Alzheimer-like disease (ALD). Animals were subjected to treadmill exercise eight weeks before and four weeks after ALD induction by streptozocin (STZ). We measured body weight, food intake, and depression-related symptoms in rats using five behavioural tests. We measured brain-derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tumour-necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-10 levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of animals. Our findings showed that exercise but not ALD induction decreased body weight and food intake in male and female rats. ALD induction increased depression-related symptoms and hippocampal TNF-α in male and female rats. Besides, treadmill exercise alone decreased depression-related behaviours and increased hippocampal BDNF in females but not males. We also found that treadmill exercise decreased depression-related behaviours and TNF-α in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, and increased IL-10 in the prefrontal cortex and BDNF in the hippocampus of female ALD-induced rats. However, treadmill exercise only reduced anhedonia-like behaviour and hippocampal TNF-α in male ALD-induced rats. Overall, the evidence from this study suggests that treadmill exercise alters depression-related behaviours, brain BDNF and cytokines in a sex-dependant manner in rats with sporadic Alzheimer-like disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Naghibi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Barzegari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Davoodabadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elham Eghdami
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Fahimpour
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Ghorbani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mohammadikia
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rostami
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Salari
- Salari Institute of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders (SICBD), Karaj, Alborz, Iran.
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22
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Fang D, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Yang D, Gu D, He B, Zhang X, He D, Wang H, Jose PA, Han Y, Zeng C. Calorie Restriction Protects against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy via SIRT1/GPX4 Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2999296. [PMID: 34712381 PMCID: PMC8548166 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2999296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) extends lifespan and increases resistance to multiple forms of stress, including renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, whether CR has protective effects on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) remains to be determined. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of CR on CIN and investigated the potential mechanisms. CIN was induced by the intravenous injection of iodinated contrast medium (CM) iopromide (1.8 g/kg) into Sprague Dawley rats with normal food intake or 40% reduced food intake, 4 weeks prior to iopromide administration. We found that CR was protective of CIN, assessed by renal structure and function. CM increased apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammation in the renal outer medulla, which were decreased by CR. The silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) participated in the protective effect of CR on CIN, by upregulating glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a regulator of ferroptosis, because this protective effect was reversed by EX527, a specific SIRT1 antagonist. Our study showed that CR protected CIN via SIRT1/GPX4 activation. CR may be used to mitigate CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziyue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Donghai Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Daqian Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Duofen He
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - HongYong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Department of Cardiology of Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Cardiology& Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing, China
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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23
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Zhang D, Pan N, Jiang C, Hao M. LncRNA SNHG8 sponges miR-449c-5p and regulates the SIRT1/FoxO1 pathway to affect microglia activation and blood-brain barrier permeability in ischemic stroke. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:953-966. [PMID: 34585441 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0421-217rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) can cause disability and death, and microglia as the immune component of the CNS can release inflammatory factors and participate in blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG8 on microglia activation and BBB permeability in IS. A rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (p-MCAO) and a cell model of oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) in microglia were established, followed by evaluation of neurobehavioral function, BBB permeability, brain edema, and pathologic changes of microglia in brain tissue. The activation status of microglia and expressions of inflammatory factors were detected. Cell viability and integrity of microglia membrane were assessed. The downstream microRNA (miR), gene, and pathway of SNHG8 were analyzed. LncRNA SNHG8 was down-regulated in MCAO rats. Overexpression of SNHG8 improved the neural function defect, reduced brain water content, BBB permeability, brain tissue damage and inflammation, and inhibited microglia activation. In OGD-induced microglia, overexpression of SNHG8 or miR-449c-5p down-regulation increased cell viability and decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity. Moreover, SNHG8 sponged miR-449c-5p to regulate SIRT1. Overexpression of SNHG8 increased the expression of SIRT1 and FoxO1. MiR-449c-5p mimic could annul the effect of SNHG8 overexpression on ischemic microglia. Collectively, SNHG8 inhibits microglia activation and BBB permeability via the miR-449c-5p/SIRT1/FoxO1 pathway, thus eliciting protective effects on ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duobin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, No.1 People's Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Ning Pan
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Maolin Hao
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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24
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Yang Y, Gong Z, Wang Z, Lu Y. Activation of Sirt1/PGC1α pathway attenuates neuroinflammation injury in Parkinson's disease. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 42:67-70. [PMID: 33172325 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1843494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a brain disorder that is featured by shaking palsy, which affect the motor system. The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease has been ascribed to neurodegenerative disorder, neural oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neurotransmitter disorder. In the present study, we explored the influence of Sirt1/PGC1α pathway in regulating BV-2 cells viability under TNFα treatment. Our results demonstrated that the activity of Sirt1/PGC1α pathway was significantly downregulated in response to TNFα treatment. Reactivation of Sirt1/PGC1α pathway through supplementation of SRT1720 significantly elevated the viability of BV-2 cells under an in vitro neuroinflammation model. Therefore, our results report a novel signaling pathway responsible for the survival of neuron under neuroinflammation. Re-activation of Sirt1/PGC1α pathway may be a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of Parkinson's disease through enhancing neuronal viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | | | - Zhiyun Wang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yi Lu
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
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