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Xiao Y, Xiao X, Zhang X, Yi D, Li T, Hao Q, Zhang F, Li X, Wang N. Mediterranean diet in the targeted prevention and personalized treatment of chronic diseases: evidence, potential mechanisms, and prospects. EPMA J 2024; 15:207-220. [PMID: 38841625 PMCID: PMC11147989 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-024-00360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic diseases is currently a major public health issue worldwide and is exploding with the population growth and aging. Dietary patterns are well known to play a important role in our overall health and well-being, and therefore, poor diet and malnutrition are among the most critical risk factors for chronic disease. Thus, dietary recommendation and nutritional supplementation have significant clinical implications for the targeted treatment of some of these diseases. Multiple dietary patterns have been proposed to prevent chronic disease incidence, like Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet (DRRD). Among them, the MedDiet, which is one of the most well-known and studied dietary patterns in the world, has been related to a wide extent of health benefits. Substantial evidence has supported an important reverse association between higher compliance to MedDiet and the risk of chronic disease. Innovative strategies within the healthcare framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) view personalized dietary customization as a predictive medical approach, cost-effective preventive measures, and the optimal dietary treatment tailored to the characteristics of patients with chronic diseases in primary and secondary care. Through a comprehensive collection and review of available evidence, this review summarizes health benefits of MedDiet in the context of PPPM/3PM for chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, and cancer, thereby a working hypothesis that MedDiet can personalize the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases was derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Xiao
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
- Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Xiao
- Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
- The Second People’s Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongxin Yi
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiangqiang Hao
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Global Health Research Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
- Global Health Research Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China
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Marrero AD, Quesada AR, Martínez-Poveda B, Medina MÁ. Anti-Cancer, Anti-Angiogenic, and Anti-Atherogenic Potential of Key Phenolic Compounds from Virgin Olive Oil. Nutrients 2024; 16:1283. [PMID: 38732529 PMCID: PMC11085358 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet, renowned for its health benefits, especially in reducing cardiovascular risks and protecting against diseases like diabetes and cancer, emphasizes virgin olive oil as a key contributor to these advantages. Despite being a minor fraction, the phenolic compounds in olive oil significantly contribute to its bioactive effects. This review examines the bioactive properties of hydroxytyrosol and related molecules, including naturally occurring compounds (-)-oleocanthal and (-)-oleacein, as well as semisynthetic derivatives like hydroxytyrosyl esters and alkyl ethers. (-)-Oleocanthal and (-)-oleacein show promising anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties, which are particularly underexplored in the case of (-)-oleacein. Additionally, hydroxytyrosyl esters exhibit similar effectiveness to hydroxytyrosol, while certain alkyl ethers surpass their precursor's properties. Remarkably, the emerging research field of the effects of phenolic molecules related to virgin olive oil on cell autophagy presents significant opportunities for underscoring the anti-cancer and neuroprotective properties of these molecules. Furthermore, promising clinical data from studies on hydroxytyrosol, (-)-oleacein, and (-)-oleocanthal urge further investigation and support the initiation of clinical trials with semisynthetic hydroxytyrosol derivatives. This review provides valuable insights into the potential applications of olive oil-derived phenolics in preventing and managing diseases associated with cancer, angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dácil Marrero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana R. Quesada
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.D.M.); (A.R.Q.); (B.M.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Manie MF, Fawzy HM, El-Sayed ESM. Hydroxytyrosol Alleviates Methotrexate-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats: Involvement of TGF-β1, Tissue Factor, and VEGF. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:303-310. [PMID: 38281774 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an indispensable drug used for the treatment of many autoimmune and cancerous diseases. However, its clinical use is associated with serious side effects, such as lung fibrosis. The main objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that hydroxytyrosol (HT) can mitigate MTX-induced lung fibrosis in rats while synergizing MTX anticancer effects. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in the rats using MTX (14 mg/kg/week, per os (p.o.)). The rats were treated with or without HT (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/d p.o.) or dexamethasone (DEX; 0.5 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) for two weeks concomitantly with MTX. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-4 (IL-4), thromboxane A2 (TXA2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG), tissue factor (TF) and fibrin were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR. Pulmonary fibrosis was manifested by an excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and a marked increase in TGF-β1 and IL-4 in lung tissues. Furthermore, cotreatment with HT or dexamethasone (DEX) significantly attenuated MTX-induced ECM deposition, TGF-β1, and IL-4 expression. Similarly, HT or DEX notably reduced hydroxyproline contents, TXA2, fibrin, and TF expression in lung tissues. Moreover, using HT or DEX downregulated the gene expression of TF. A significant decrease in lung contents of VEGF, IL-8, and 8-OHdG was also observed in HT + MTX- or DEX + MTX -treated animals in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, the results of our study suggest that HT might represent a potential protective agent against MTX-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Manie
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), formerly known as National Organization for Drug Control and Research
| | - Hala M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), formerly known as National Organization for Drug Control and Research
| | - El-Sayed M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University
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Fanoodi A, Maharati A, Akhlaghipour I, Rahimi HR, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of tumor angiogenesis in liver cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154913. [PMID: 37931431 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies in human digestive system. Despite the recent therapeutic methods, there is a high rate of mortality among liver cancer patients. Late diagnosis in the advanced tumor stages can be one of the main reasons for the poor prognosis in these patients. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer can be helpful for the early stage tumor detection and treatment. Vascular expansion in liver tumors can be one of the important reasons for poor prognosis and aggressiveness. Therefore, anti-angiogenic drugs are widely used in liver cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in the regulation of angiogenesis in liver tumors. Due to the high stability of miRNAs in body fluids, these factors are widely used as the non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer patients. Regarding, the importance of angiogenesis during liver tumor growth and invasion, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of angiogenesis in these tumors. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly exert an anti-angiogenic function by regulation of tumor microenvironment, transcription factors, and signaling pathways in liver tumors. This review can be an effective step to suggest the miRNAs for the non-invasive early detection of malignant and invasive liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fanoodi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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KIANI AYSHAKARIM, MEDORI MARIACHIARA, BONETTI GABRIELE, AQUILANTI BARBARA, VELLUTI VALERIA, MATERA GIUSEPPINA, IACONELLI AMERIGO, STUPPIA LIBORIO, CONNELLY STEPHENTHADDEUS, HERBST KARENL, BERTELLI MATTEO. Modern vision of the Mediterranean diet. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E36-E43. [PMID: 36479477 PMCID: PMC9710405 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is the most well-known and researched dietary pattern worldwide. It is characterized by the consumption of a wide variety of foods, such as extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), legumes, cereals, nuts, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, fish, and wine. Many of these foods provide several phytonutrients, among which polyphenols and vitamins play an important role. Data from several studies have strongly established that nutrition is a key factor in promoting a healthy lifestyle and preventing many chronic diseases. In particular, a large number of studies have established the protective effects of the Mediterranean diet against several chronic diseases, among which are diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, aging disorders, and against overall mortality. Animal and human translational studies have revealed the biological mechanisms regulating the beneficial effects of the traditional Mediterranean diet. Indeed, several studies demonstrated that this nutritional pattern has lipid-lowering, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-oxidative effects. Moreover, the Mediterranean diet is considered environmentally sustainable. In this review, we describe the composition of the Mediterranean diet, assess its beneficial effects, and analyze their epigenomic, genomic, metagenomic, and transcriptomic aspects. In the future it will be important to continue exploring the molecular mechanisms through which the Mediterranean diet exerts its protective effects and to standardize its components and serving sizes to understand more precisely its effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - MARIA CHIARA MEDORI
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- Correspondence: Maria Chiara Medori, MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), 38068, Italy. E-mail:
| | | | - BARBARA AQUILANTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - VALERIA VELLUTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPINA MATERA
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - AMERIGO IACONELLI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - LIBORIO STUPPIA
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - STEPHEN THADDEUS CONNELLY
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - KAREN L. HERBST
- Total Lipedema Care, Beverly Hills California and Tucson Arizona, USA
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
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Involvement of the PI3K/AKT Intracellular Signaling Pathway in the AntiCancer Activity of Hydroxytyrosol, a Polyphenol from Olea europaea, in Hematological Cells and Implication of HSP60 Levels in Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137053. [PMID: 35806065 PMCID: PMC9266908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HT), the main representative of polyphenols of olive oil, has been described as one of the most powerful natural antioxidants, also showing anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective and anticancer activity in different type of cancers, but has been little studied in hematological neoplasms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the anticancer potential of HT in acute human leukemia T cells (Jurkat and HL60) and the anti-inflammatory potential in murine macrophages (Raw264.7). For this, cytotoxicity tests were performed for HT, showing IC50 values, at 24 h, for Jurkat, HL60 and Raw264.7 cells, of 27.3 µg·mL−1, 109.8 µg·mL−1 and 45.7 µg·mL−1, respectively. At the same time, HT caused cell arrest in G0/G1 phase in both Jurkat and HL60 cells by increasing G0/G1 phase and significantly decreasing S phase. Apoptosis and cell cycle assays revealed an antiproliferative effect of HT, decreasing the percentage of dividing cells and increasing apoptosis. Furthermore, HT inhibited the PI3K signaling pathway and, consequently, the MAPK pathway was activated. Inflammation tests revealed that HT acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, reducing NO levels in Raw264.7 cells previously stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These processes were confirmed by the changes in the expression of the main markers of inflammation and cancer. In conclusion, HT has an anticancer and anti-inflammatory effect in the cell lines studied, which were Raw264.7, Jurkat, and HL60, and could be used as a natural drug in the treatment of liquid cancers, leukemias, myelomas and lymphomas.
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Zheng Y, Zhang W, Xu L, Zhou H, Yuan M, Xu H. Recent Progress in Understanding the Action of Natural Compounds at Novel Therapeutic Drug Targets for the Treatment of Liver Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:795548. [PMID: 35155196 PMCID: PMC8825370 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.795548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death following lung and stomach cancers. As a highly lethal disease, liver cancer is diagnosed frequently in less developed countries. Natural compounds extracted from herbs, animals and natural materials have been adopted by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practices and reported to be effective in the development of new medications for the treatment of diseases. It is important to focus on the mechanisms of action of natural compounds against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in terms of cell cycle regulation, apoptosis induction, autophagy mediation and cell migration and invasion. In this review, we characterize novel representative natural compounds according to their pharmacologic effects based on recently published studies. The aim of this review is to summarize and explore novel therapeutic drug targets of natural compounds, which could accelerate the discovery of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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XENOHORMESIS UNDERLYES THE ANTI-AGING AND HEALTHY PROPERTIES OF OLIVE POLYPHENOLS. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 202:111620. [PMID: 35033546 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The paper provides a comprehensive and foundational mechanistic framework of hormesis that establishes its centrality in medicine and public health. This hormetic framework is applied to the assessment of olive polyphenols with respect to their capacity to slow the onset and reduce the magnitude of a wide range of age-related disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease. It is proposed that olive polyphenol-induced anti-inflammatory protective effects are mediated in large part via the activation of AMPK and the upregulation of Nrf2 pathway. Consistently, herein we also review the importance of the modulation of Nrf2-related stress responsive vitagenes by olive polyphenols, which at low concentration according to the hormesis theory activates this neuroprotective cascade to preserve brain health and its potential use in the prevention and therapy against aging and age-related cognitive disorders in humans.
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Yu L, Chen Y, Yuan S, Cao Y, Bi Z. Peiminine Induces G0/G1-Phase Arrest, Apoptosis, and Autophagy via the ROS/JNK Signaling Pathway in Human Osteosarcoma Cells in Vitro and in Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:770846. [PMID: 34867399 PMCID: PMC8633898 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.770846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Peiminine has been reported to have various pharmacological properties, including anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of this alkaloid on osteosarcoma and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods: To evaluate the antiosteosarcoma effects of peiminine in vitro, cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 and live/dead assays; the effects of the drug on apoptosis and the cell cycle were examined by flow cytometry; the effects on cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively, while its effects on autophagy were observed by transmission electron microscopy and an LC3 fluorescent puncta formation assay. The role of autophagy in the peiminine-mediated effects in osteosarcoma cells was evaluated by CCK-8 assay and western blotting after the application of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. The effect of peiminine on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was analyzed using fluorescence confocal microscopy and spectrophotometry. Additionally, peiminine-treated osteosarcoma cells were exposed to SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, and N-acetylcysteine, a ROS scavenger, after which the contribution of the ROS/JNK signaling pathway to osteosarcoma was assessed using cell viability and LC3 fluorescent puncta formation assays, flow cytometry, and western blotting. A xenograft mouse model of osteosarcoma was generated to determine the antitumor effects of peiminine in vivo. Results: Peiminine suppressed proliferation and metastasis and induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy in osteosarcoma cells. These anticancer effects of peiminine were found to be dependent on intracellular ROS generation and activation of the JNK pathway. In line with these results, peiminine significantly inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions: Peiminine induced G0/G1-phase arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy in human osteosarcoma cells via the ROS/JNK signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Our study may provide an experimental basis for the evaluation of peiminine as an alternative drug for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shaohui Yuan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenggang Bi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Wang B, Yang L, Liu T, Xun J, Zhuo Y, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Wang X. Hydroxytyrosol Inhibits MDSCs and Promotes M1 Macrophages in Mice With Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumor. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:759172. [PMID: 34858184 PMCID: PMC8632498 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.759172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer is mainly due to its complex immunosuppressive microenvironment. The Mediterranean diet contributes to low cancer incidence. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) derived from olive oil has multiple health-promoting effects, but its therapeutic effect on pancreatic cancer remains controversial. Here, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of HT on mouse pancreatic cancer, and the effect of HT on the immune microenvironment. We found that HT can inhibit the proliferation of Panc 02 cells through signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3/Cyclin D1 signaling pathway. In the tumor-bearing mice treated with HT, the orthotopic pancreatic tumors were suppressed, accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and an increase in the proportion of M1 macrophages. In addition, we found that HT inhibited the expression of immunosuppressive molecules in bone marrow (BM)-derived MDSCs, as well as down-regulated CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) and phosphorylation of STAT3. Moreover, HT enhanced the anti-tumor effect of anti-CD47 antibody in vivo. HT combined with plumbagin (PLB) induced more Panc 02 cells death than HT or PLB alone. This combination therapy not only inhibited the accumulation of MDSCs, but also promoted the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the tumors. In summary, HT is a potential immunomodulatory drug for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Xun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanqiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, NanKai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ximo Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,The Clinical Research Center of Tianjin for Treating Acute Abdominal Diseases with Integrated Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Busari MB, Hamzah RU, Muhammad HL, Yusuf RS, Madaki FM, Adeniyi JO, Ibrahim YO, Berinyuy EB. Phenolic rich-extracts from Nauclea latifolia fruit restored Lead acetate-induced liver and kidney damaged in Wistar rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00322-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractLiver and kidney diseases are becoming order of the day in both developed and developing countries as a result of environmental pollutants such as lead. Restorative activities of methanol and methanol/acetone phenolic-rich extracts (MPR and MAPR, respectively) of the N. latifolia fruit (NLF) on lead acetate-induced liver and kidney damaged were assessed in Wistar rats. The antioxidant activities of both phenolic-rich extracts of NLF were also carried out using standard methods. Seven groups of Wistar rats comprising of 5 rats each were used for the study and 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw.) of lead acetate solution was administered orally to the 6 groups of animals to induce liver and kidney damage. The high and low dosages of 300 and of 150 mg/kg body weight (bw.) of both MPR and MAPR were administered orally to four groups for 14 days along positive (100 mg/kg bw. of silymarin), negative (treated with the placebo) and naïve control (non-induced). The percentage DPPH radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power and percentage inhibition of lipid peroxidation show high antioxidants activities dose-dependently. Furthermore, administration of lead acetate significantly (p > 0.05) reduces the weight gain and elevates the liver and kidney relative weight as well as their respective damage biomarkers with distortions in their histologies. However, treatment with MPR and MAPR resulted in significant (p < 0.05) improve in the percentage body weight gain, relative liver and kidney weight as well as restoration of the activities of the liver and kidney functions biomarkers of the treated animals. Likewise, lesser hepatic and renal cells injury were also observed in the treated groups with MAPR being more active at high dosage which significantly (p < 0.05) compared well with normal group. Hence, the phenolics content of the N. latifolia fruit can be exploited further for drug development for the management kidney and liver damage arise from lead-induced toxicity.
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Potential Roles of Iridoid Glycosides and Their Underlying Mechanisms against Diverse Cancer Growth and Metastasis: Do They Have an Inhibitory Effect on Cancer Progression? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092974. [PMID: 34578851 PMCID: PMC8466600 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iridoids are glycosides found in plants, having inherent roles in defending them against infection by viruses and microorganisms, and in the rapid repair of damaged areas. The emerging roles of iridoid glycosides on pharmacological properties have aroused the curiosity of many researchers, and studies undertaken indicate that iridoid glycosides exert inhibitory effects in numerous cancers. This review focuses on the roles and the potential mechanism of iridoid glycosides at each stage of cancer development such as proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Overall, the reviewed literature indicates that iridoid glycosides inhibit cancer growth by inducing cell cycle arrest or by regulating apoptosis-related signaling pathways. In addition, iridoid glycosides suppress the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), resulting in reduced cancer cell migration and invasiveness. The antiangiogenic mechanism of iridoid glycosides was found to be closely related to the transcriptional regulation of pro-angiogenic factors, i.e., vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31). Taken together, these results indicate the therapeutic potential of iridoid glycosides to alleviate or prevent rapid cancer progression and metastasis.
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Bilal RM, Liu C, Zhao H, Wang Y, Farag MR, Alagawany M, Hassan FU, Elnesr SS, Elwan HAM, Qiu H, Lin Q. Olive Oil: Nutritional Applications, Beneficial Health Aspects and its Prospective Application in Poultry Production. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:723040. [PMID: 34512350 PMCID: PMC8424077 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.723040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant polyphenols have promoting health features, including anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-atherogenic, and anti-allergic effects. These polyphenols improve the immune system by affecting the white blood cell proliferation, as well as by the synthesis of cytokines and other factors, which contribute to immunological resistance. Olive trees are one of the most famous trees in the world. Whereas, olive olive oil and derivatives represent a large group of feeding resource for farm animals. In recent years, remarkable studies have been carried out to show the possible use of olive oil and derivatives for improvement of both animal performance and product quality. In vivo application of olive oil and its derived products has shown to maintain oxidative balance owing to its polyphenolic content. Consumption of extra virgin olive oil reduces the inflammation, limits the risk of liver damage, and prevents the progression of steatohepatitis through its potent antioxidant activities. Also, the monounsaturated fatty acids content of olive oil (particularly oleic acid), might have positive impacts on lipid peroxidation and hepatic protection. Therefore, this review article aims to highlight the nutritional applications and beneficial health aspects of olive oil and its effect on poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana M. Bilal
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Chunjie Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Haohan Zhao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Deren Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., Changde, China
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Faiz-ul Hassan
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Hamada A. M. Elwan
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minya, Egypt
| | - Huajiao Qiu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Hunan Deren Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., Changde, China
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Scuto M, Trovato Salinaro A, Caligiuri I, Ontario ML, Greco V, Sciuto N, Crea R, Calabrese EJ, Rizzolio F, Canzonieri V, Calabrese V. Redox modulation of vitagenes via plant polyphenols and vitamin D: Novel insights for chemoprevention and therapeutic interventions based on organoid technology. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111551. [PMID: 34358533 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are chemopreventive through the induction of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated proteins and anti-inflammatory pathways. These pathways, encoding cytoprotective vitagenes, include heat shock proteins, such as heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), as well as glutathione redox system to protect against cancer initiation and progression. Phytochemicals exhibit biphasic dose responses on cancer cells, activating at low dose, signaling pathways resulting in upregulation of vitagenes, as in the case of the Nrf2 pathway upregulated by hydroxytyrosol (HT) or curcumin and NAD/NADH-sirtuin-1 activated by resveratrol. Here, the importance of vitagenes in redox stress response and autophagy mechanisms, as well as the potential use of dietary antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of multiple types of cancer are discussed. We also discuss the possible relationship between SARS-CoV-2, inflammation and cancer, exploiting innovative therapeutic approaches with HT-rich aqueous olive pulp extract (Hidrox®), a natural polyphenolic formulation, as well as the rationale of Vitamin D supplementation. Finally, we describe innovative approaches with organoids technology to study human carcinogenesis in preclinical models from basic cancer research to clinical practice, suggesting patient-derived organoids as an innovative tool to test drug toxicity and drive personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Nello Sciuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberto Crea
- Oliphenol LLC., 26225 Eden Landing Road, Suite C, Hayward, CA 94545, USA.
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca'Foscari University of Venice, 30123 Venezia, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
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Zhang SP, Zhou J, Fan QZ, Lv XM, Wang T, Wang F, Chen Y, Hong SY, Liu XP, Xu BS, Hu L, Zhang C, Zhang YM. Discovery of hydroxytyrosol as thioredoxin reductase 1 inhibitor to induce apoptosis and G 1/S cell cycle arrest in human colorectal cancer cells via ROS generation. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:829. [PMID: 34149875 PMCID: PMC8200807 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer types and a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in China. Increased thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) levels have been previously identified as possible target for CRC. The present study revealed that the natural product hydroxytyrosol (HT), which exhibits a polyphenol scaffold, is a potent inhibitor of TrxR1. Inhibition of TrxR1 was indicated to result in accumulation of reactive oxygen species, inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis and G1/S cell cycle arrest of CRC cells. Using a C-terminal mutant TrxR1 enzyme activity assay, TrxR1 RNA interference assay and HT binding model assay, the present study demonstrated the core character of the selenocysteine residue in the interaction between HT and TrxR1. HT can serve as polyphenol scaffold to develop novel TrxR1 inhibitors for CRC treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Peng Zhang
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Zhu Fan
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Lv
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Sen-Yan Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liu
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Song Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Center of Drug Screening and Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Ye-Ming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
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16
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Liu J, Liu Z, Wang L, He H, Mu H, Sun W, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Ma W, Zhang W, Fu M, Fan Y, Song X. Bioactivity-guided isolation of immunomodulatory compounds from the fruits of Ligustrum lucidum. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114079. [PMID: 33798661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The fruits of Ligustrum lucidum (FLL) W.T. Aiton (Oleaceae) is included in the 2020 "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" and is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine as a tonic. In recent years, FLL has been reported to improve immune function, but the bioactive compounds and mechanisms of FLL remain poorly characterized. AIM OF THE STUDY To identify FFL compounds with strong immune activity and explore their molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 macrophages and proliferation activity of spleen lymphocytes were used to guide the isolation of bioactive compounds from FLL extracts. Lymphocyte subpopulations, Ca2+ concentrations, and surface molecule expression were analyzed using flow cytometry. Cytokine secretion was examined using ELISA. FITC-OVA uptake was observed using fluorescence microscopy. NF-κB activation was analyzed using western blotting. RESULTS The extraction and isolation produced ten compounds, namely oleuropeinic acid, nuezhenide, isonuezhenide, salidroside, isoligustrosidic acid, ligulucidumosides A, 8(E)-nuezhenide, hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, and p-hydroxyphenethyl 7-β-D-glucosideelenolic acid ester were isolated and identified from FLL-Bu-30%. Immunoactivity experiments showed that hydroxytyrosol had the strongest macrophage phagocytotic and lymphocyte proliferation-promoting activities. Further studies showed that hydroxytyrosol could significantly enhance lymphocyte subsets CD3+, CD4+/CD8+, and CD3+CD4-CD8-, promote IL-4, IFN-γ, and TNF-α secretion, and increase intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. In addition, the results from RAW264.7 macrophages showed that hydroxytyrosol increased FITC-OVA uptake, induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, upregulated MHC-II, CD80, and CD86 expression, promoted cytoplasmic IκB-α degradation, and increased nuclear NF-κB p65 levels. CONCLUSION Our study provides substantial evidence regarding the mechanism of the immunomodulatory effects of compounds from FLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Zengyuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Lili Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Hao He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Hailong Mu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Yingqiu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Wuren Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Mingzhe Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China.
| | - Xiaoping Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, PR China.
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De Santis S, Liso M, Verna G, Curci F, Milani G, Faienza MF, Franchini C, Moschetta A, Chieppa M, Clodoveo ML, Crupi P, Corbo F. Extra Virgin Olive Oil Extracts Modulate the Inflammatory Ability of Murine Dendritic Cells Based on Their Polyphenols Pattern: Correlation between Chemical Composition and Biological Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1016. [PMID: 34202671 PMCID: PMC8300824 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) represents one of the most important health-promoting foods whose antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are mainly associated to its polyphenols content. To date, studies exploring the effect of EVOO polyphenols on dendritic cells (DCs), acting as a crosstalk between the innate and the adaptive immune response, are scanty. Therefore, we studied the ability of three EVOO extracts (cv. Coratina, Cima di Mola/Coratina, and Casaliva), characterized by different polyphenols amount, to regulate DCs maturation in resting conditions or after an inflammatory stimulus. Cima di Mola/Coratina and Casaliva extracts were demonstrated to be the most effective in modulating DCs toward an anti-inflammatory profile by reduction of TNF and IL-6 secretion and CD86 expression, along with a down-modulation of Il-1β and iNOS expression. From factorial analysis results, 9 polyphenols were tentatively established to play a synergistic role in modulating DCs inflammatory ability, thus reducing the risk of chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania De Santis
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (G.M.); (C.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Marina Liso
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Giulio Verna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Francesca Curci
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (G.M.); (C.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Gualtiero Milani
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (G.M.); (C.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Carlo Franchini
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (G.M.); (C.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Pasquale Crupi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (G.M.); (C.F.); (F.C.)
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Jadid MFS, Shademan B, Chavoshi R, Seyyedsani N, Aghaei E, Taheri E, Goleij P, Hajazimian S, Karamad V, Behroozi J, Sabet MN, Isazadeh A, Baradaran B. Enhanced anticancer potency of hydroxytyrosol and curcumin by PLGA-PAA nano-encapsulation on PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1043-1051. [PMID: 33496383 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many chemotherapeutic regimens have been investigated for advanced unresectable and metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC), but with only minimal improvement in survival and prognosis. Here, we investigated anti-cancer function of free and nano-encapsulated hydroxytyrosol (Hyd) and curcumin (Cur), and its combinations (Hyd-Cur) on PANC-1 cell line. The poly lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyacrylic acid (PLGA-co-PAA) nano-encapsulated Hyd and Cur were synthesized, and MTT assay was performed to evaluate cytotoxic effects of free and nano-encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd-Cur. Effects of free and nano-encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd-Cur were evaluated on viability, migration, morphological alterations, colony formation, and apoptosis on PANC-1 cells. We observed that free and nano-encapsulated Hyd, Cur, and Hyd-Cur significantly increased apoptosis rates as well as significantly decreased viability, migration, and colony formation in PANC-1 cells. According to our results, Hyd-Cur combination and nano-encapsulation therapy exerts more profound apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects on PANC-1 cells than free Hyd or Hyd monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behrouz Shademan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Reza Chavoshi
- Department of Genetics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Seyyedsani
- Department of Genetics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Aghaei
- Department of Genetics, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Elham Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
| | - Saba Hajazimian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Karamad
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Javad Behroozi
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Isazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sani NS, Onsori H, Akrami S, Rahmati M. A Comparison of the Anti-Cancer Effects of Free and PLGA-PAA Encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol on the HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:390-394. [PMID: 33687886 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210308095712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxytyrosol is one of the phenolic compounds of olive oil and can induce anti-cancer effects on the colorectal cancer cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the free hydroxytyrosol and nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol effects on the cell cycle arrest in HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line. METHODS The nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol was synthesized in poly lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyacrylic acid (PLGA-PAA) copolymer. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the anti- proliferative and anti-tumor effects of the free hydroxytyrosol and nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol. Finally, the relative expression of CDKN1A, CDKN1B and CCND1 genes was evaluated in the control and treated colorectal cancer cells by using Real-Time PCR. RESULTS The obtained results from the MTT assay showed that the cytotoxic effects of the nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol on the colorectal cancer cell line (IC50= 6PPM) was significantly more than free hydroxytyrosol (IC50= 12PPM) after 72h. Also, nano-capsulated hydroxytyrosol showed more significant effects on the up-regulation of CDKN1A and CDKN1B genes, and down-regulation of the CCND1 gene in the colorectal cancer cells. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the present study showed that the hydroxytyrosol led to die the colorectal cancer cell through the cell cycle arrest. Also, the PLGA-PAA copolymer dramatically caused to increase the cytotoxic effects of the hydroxytyrosol on the colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin S Sani
- Department of Genetic, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz. Iran
| | - Habib Onsori
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand. Iran
| | - Somayeh Akrami
- Department of Biology, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand. Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz. Iran
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20
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Wang C, Dong L, Li X, Li Y, Zhang B, Wu H, Shen B, Ma P, Li Z, Xu Y, Chen B, Pan S, Fu Y, Huo Z, Jiang H, Wu Y, Ma Y. The PGC1α/NRF1-MPC1 axis suppresses tumor progression and enhances the sensitivity to sorafenib/doxorubicin treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:141-152. [PMID: 33276082 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Targeting energy metabolism holds the potential to effectively treat a variety of malignant diseases, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) is a key regulator of energy metabolism. However, PGC1α's role in cancer, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. In the present study, we reported that PGC1α was significantly downregulated in HCC cell lines and specimens. Moreover, reduced expression of PGC1α in tumor cells was correlated with poor prognosis. PGC1α overexpression substantially inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. On the contrary, the knockdown of PGC1α produced the opposite effect. The mechanism was at least partially due to the upregulation of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) caused by PGC1α, which promoted mitochondrial biogenesis by binding to nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1). Consequently, the production of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by mitochondrial oxidation was elevated above a critical threshold for survival. Furthermore, we found that PGC1α could enhance the antitumor activity of sorafenib and doxorubicin in HCC through ROS accumulation-mediated cell death. These results indicate that PGC1α/NRF1-MPC1 axis is involved in HCC progression and could be a promising target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liqian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaozhuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huibo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Benqiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Panfei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zuoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bangliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shangha Pan
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongqi Huo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hongchi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yaohua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Emma MR, Augello G, Di Stefano V, Azzolina A, Giannitrapani L, Montalto G, Cervello M, Cusimano A. Potential Uses of Olive Oil Secoiridoids for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer: A Narrative Review of Preclinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031234. [PMID: 33513799 PMCID: PMC7865905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a combination of foods mainly rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients that have been shown to have many health-enhancing effects. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is an important component of the MD. The importance of EVOO can be attributed to phenolic compounds, represented by phenolic alcohols, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol, and to secoiridoids, which include oleocanthal, oleacein, oleuropein, and ligstroside (along with the aglycone and glycosidic derivatives of the latter two). Each secoiridoid has been studied and characterized, and their effects on human health have been documented by several studies. Secoiridoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties and, therefore, exhibit anti-cancer activity. This review summarizes the most recent findings regarding the pharmacological properties, molecular targets, and action mechanisms of secoiridoids, focusing attention on their preventive and anti-cancer activities. It provides a critical analysis of preclinical, in vitro and in vivo, studies of these natural bioactive compounds used as agents against various human cancers. The prospects for their possible use in human cancer prevention and treatment is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Emma
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppa Augello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Antonina Azzolina
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Lydia Giannitrapani
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (A.C.); Tel.: +39-091-680-9534/511/555 (M.C.); +39-091-680-9589 (A.C.)
| | - Antonella Cusimano
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.R.E.); (G.A.); (A.A.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (A.C.); Tel.: +39-091-680-9534/511/555 (M.C.); +39-091-680-9589 (A.C.)
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22
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Safi M, Onsori H, Rahmati M. Investigation of the anti-cancer effects of free and PLGA-PAA encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Curr Mol Med 2020; 22:657-662. [PMID: 33390115 DOI: 10.2174/1566524020666201231103826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women and the most important cause of death. Surgery and chemotherapy are the common treatment of the breast cancer, but increasing drug resistance has created many challenges in its treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer function of free and nano-encapsulated hydroxytyrosol on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. METHODS The poly lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyacrylic acid (PLGA-co-PAA) nano-encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol was synthesized, and the MTT assay was performed to evaluate the anti-proliferative and anti-tumor effects of both free and nanoencapsulated Hydroxytyrosol. After the extraction of RNA from the treated and control cancer cells, cDNA synthesis was performed and the expression of P21, P27, and Cyclin D1 genes were evaluated by Real-Time PCR. RESULTS The results of the study showed that free (12 ppm and 72 hours) and nano-encapsulate (10 ppm and 24 hours) hydroxytyrosol resulted in 50% death (IC50) of the cancer cells and increased by increasing the concentration and time. Also, free and nano-encapsulated hydroxytyrosol increased the expression of P21 and P27 genes and reduced the expression of Cyclin D1 in breast cancer cells. In general, the nano-encapsulated hydroxytyrosol showed more anticancer function than the free hydroxytyrosol. CONCLUSION The present study illustrated that the hydroxytyrosol could lead to the cell death in MCF-7 breast cancer by regulating the cell cycle. Also, the nano-encapsulation of Hydroxytyrosol enhanced the Hydroxytyrosol anticancer function by PLGA-co-PAA. However, for more accurate results, further studies on animal models are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Safi
- Department of Genetic, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz. Iran
| | - Habib Onsori
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand. Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz. Iran
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Ramírez-Expósito MJ, Carrera-González MP, Mayas MD, Martínez-Martos JM. Gender differences in the antioxidant response of oral administration of hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein against N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced glioma. Food Res Int 2020; 140:110023. [PMID: 33648253 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumorigenesis has been associated not only with oxidative stress, but also with a reduced response of non-enzyme and enzyme antioxidant defense systems. In fact, the imbalance between free-radical production and the efficiency of the antioxidant defense systems triggers the process because the central nervous system (CNS) is very sensitive to free-radical damage. Phenolic compounds, mainly oleuropein and its major metabolite hydroxytyrosol, derived from olives and virgin olive oil, have been shown to exert important anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo due to their antioxidant properties. The present study analyzes the effects of the oral administration of oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and the mixture of both phenolic compounds in rats with transplacental N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced brain tumors to analyze their potential effect against brain tumorigenesis through the modification of redox system components. Oxidative stress parameters, non-enzyme and enzyme antioxidant defense systems and blood chemistry were assayed in the different experimental groups. The treatment with oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and/or the mixture of both phenolic compounds promotes a limited beneficial effect as anticancer compounds in our ENU-induced animal model of brain tumor. These effects occur via redox control mechanisms involving endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems, and are highly dependent on the gender of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ramírez-Expósito
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - M P Carrera-González
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - M D Mayas
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - J M Martínez-Martos
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
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24
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Beneficial effects of olive oil and Mediterranean diet on cancer physio-pathology and incidence. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:178-195. [PMID: 33249203 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Virgin olive oil is a characteristic component and the main source of fat of the Mediterranean diet. It is a mix of high-value health compounds, including monounsaturated fatty acids (mainly oleic acid), simple phenols (such as hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol), secoiridoids (such as oleuropein, oleocanthal), flavonoids, and terpenoids (such as squalene). Olive oil consumption has been shown to improve different aspects of human health and has been associated with a lower risk of cancer. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms involved in such effects are still poorly defined, but seem to be related to a promotion of apoptosis, modulation of epigenetic patterns, blockade of cell cycle, and angiogenesis regulation. The aim of this review is to update the current associations of cancer risk with the Mediterranean diet, olive oil consumption and its main components. In addition, the identification of key olive oil components involved in anticarcinogenic mechanisms and pathways according to experimental models is also addressed.
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25
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The Hydroxytyrosol Induces the Death for Apoptosis of Human Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218074. [PMID: 33137997 PMCID: PMC7662312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and one of the most treatment-refractory malignancies. In metastatic melanoma cell lines, we analysed the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic potentials of a phenolic component of olive oil, the hydroxytyrosol. In particular, through MTS assay, DeadEnd™ Colorimetric TUNEL assay, Annexin V binding and PI uptake, western blot experiment, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis, and the cell colony assay, we showed that the hydroxytyrosol treatment remarkably reduces the cell viability inducing the death for apoptosis of melanoma cells. Moreover, we showed that the hydroxytyrosol treatment of melanoma cells leads to a significant increase of p53 and γH2AX expression, a significant decrease of AKT expression and the inhibition of cell colony formation ability. Finally, we propose that the increased amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may be related to the regulation of the pathways involved in the activation of apoptosis and in the inhibition of melanoma growth could be the strategy used by hydroxytyrosol to exert its functions in melanoma. Therefore, for its role in melanoma growth inhibition, the hydroxytyrosol treatment could deeply interfere with melanoma progression as a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of this highly invasive tumour.
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26
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Hormozi M, Salehi Marzijerani A, Baharvand P. Effects of Hydroxytyrosol on Expression of Apoptotic Genes and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in LS180 Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:7913-7919. [PMID: 32943925 PMCID: PMC7468519 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s253591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Colorectal cancer is the third–most commonly occurring cancer in developed countries. Hydroxytyrosol is a potent antioxidant that has several activities, such as oxidative-stress control, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of apoptosis. In this study, the effect of hydroxytyrosol on the expression of genes effective in apoptosis — BAX, BCL2, CASP3, P53, PPARG, and NFE2L2 — and antioxidant-enzyme activity in LS180 cells of human colorectal cancer was investigated. Methods The human colorectal cancer cell line LS180 was treated with different concentrations of hydroxytyrosol for 24 hours. Expression of BAX, BCL2, CASP3, NFE2L2, PPARG, and P53 was investigated using real-time PCR. The activity of antioxidant and malondialdehyde enzymes was measured by calorimetric methods. Results Analysis of gene expression showed that hydroxytyrosol significantly increased the expression of CASP3 and the BAX:BCL2 ratio in treatment groups compared to the control (P<0.05). Also, hydroxytyrosol significantly reduced the expression of the NFE2L2 gene (P<0.05). Calorimetric analysis showed that hydroxytyrosol increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in treatment groups significantly more than the control group and reduced thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances on an oxidative stress index (P<0.05). Conclusion Hydroxytyrosol may induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by increasing the expression of CASP3 gene and increasing the BAX:BCL2 ratio. Also, hydroxytyrosol may increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduce the proliferation of LS180 cells by changing the antioxidant-defense system in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hormozi
- Department of Biochemistry, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Parastoo Baharvand
- Department of Community Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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27
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Romani A, Campo M, Urciuoli S, Marrone G, Noce A, Bernini R. An Industrial and Sustainable Platform for the Production of Bioactive Micronized Powders and Extracts Enriched in Polyphenols From Olea europaea L. and Vitis vinifera L. Wastes. Front Nutr 2020; 7:120. [PMID: 32974376 PMCID: PMC7473407 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, literature data have reported that health status is related to the consumption of foods rich in polyphenols, bioactive compounds found in the plant world, in particular in vegetables and fruit. These pieces of scientific evidence have led to an increase in the demand for functional foods and drinks enriched in polyphenols, so that plant materials are more and more requested. The availability of food and agricultural wastes has adverse effects on the economy, environment, and human health. On the other hand, these materials are a precious source of bioactive compounds as polyphenols. Their recovery and reuse from wastes are according to the circular economy strategy, which has introduced the “zero waste concept.” However, the process is convenient from an economic and environmental point of view only if the final products are standardized and obtained using sustainable and industrial technologies. In this panorama, this paper describes an industrial and sustainable platform for the production of micronized powders and extracts enriched in polyphenols from Olea europaea L. and Vitis vinifera L. wastes that are useful for food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals sectors. The platform is based on drying plant materials, extraction of polyphenols through membrane technologies with water, and, when necessary, the concentration of the final fractions under vacuum evaporation. All powders and extracts were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–mass spectrometry analysis to define the qualitative and quantitative content of bioactive compounds and insure their standardization and reproducibility. The chromatographic profiles evidenced the presence of secoiridoids, flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids, catechins, and condensed tannins. An overview of the biological activities of the main polyphenols present in Olea europaea L. and Vitis vinifera L. powders and extracts is reported because of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Romani
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), DiSIA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Margherita Campo
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), DiSIA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), DiSIA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Marrone
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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Zubair H, Khan MA, Anand S, Srivastava SK, Singh S, Singh AP. Modulation of the tumor microenvironment by natural agents: implications for cancer prevention and therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:237-255. [PMID: 32470379 PMCID: PMC7688484 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of cancer is not just the growth and proliferation of a single transformed cell, but its surrounding environment also coevolves with it. Indeed, successful cancer progression depends on the ability of the tumor cells to develop a supportive tumor microenvironment consisting of various types of stromal cells. The interactions between the tumor and stromal cells are bidirectional and mediated through a variety of growth factors, cytokines, metabolites, and other biomolecules secreted by these cells. Tumor-stromal crosstalk creates optimal conditions for the tumor growth, metastasis, evasion of immune surveillance, and therapy resistance, and its targeting is being explored for clinical management of cancer. Natural agents from plants and marine life have been at the forefront of traditional medicine. Numerous epidemiological studies have reported the health benefits imparted on the consumption of certain fruits, vegetables, and their derived products. Indeed, a significant majority of anti-cancer drugs in clinical use are either naturally occurring compounds or their derivatives. In this review, we describe fundamental cellular and non-cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and discuss the significance of natural compounds in their targeting. Existing literature provides hope that novel prevention and therapeutic approaches will emerge from ongoing scientific efforts leading to the reduced tumor burden and improve clinical outcomes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Zubair
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Mohammad Aslam Khan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Shashi Anand
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
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Cao S, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Lu F, Donkor PO, Zhu Y, Qiu F, Kang N. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and autophagy elicited by combined treatment with oridonin and cetuximab in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Apoptosis 2020; 24:33-45. [PMID: 30430397 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-018-1497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Combined oridonin (ORI), a natural and safe kaurene diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens, and cetuximab (Cet), an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, have been reported to exert synergistic anti-tumor effects against laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) both in vitro and in vivo by our group. In the present study, we further found that ORI/Cet treatment not only resulted in apoptosis but also induced autophagy. AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway was found to be involved in the activation of autophagy in ORI/Cet-treated LSCC cells, which is independent of p53 status. Additionally, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showed that ORI/Cet significantly increased the binding NF-κB family member p65 with the promotor of BECN 1, and p65-mediated up-regulation of BECN 1 caused by ORI/Cet is coupled to increased autophagy. On the other hand, we demonstrated that either Beclin 1 SiRNA or autophagy inhibitors could increase ORI/Cet induced-apoptosis, indicating that autophagy induced by combination of the two agents plays a cytoprotective role. Interestingly, 48 h after the combined treatment, autophagy began to decrease but apoptosis was significantly elevated. Our findings suggest that autophagy might be strongly associated with the antitumor efficacy of ORI/Cet, which may be beneficial to the clinical application of ORI/Cet in LSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Cao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyuan Huang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangjin Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Paul Owusu Donkor
- School of Pharmacy, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, PMB 31, Ghana
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China.
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Calahorra J, Martínez-Lara E, Granadino-Roldán JM, Martí JM, Cañuelo A, Blanco S, Oliver FJ, Siles E. Crosstalk between hydroxytyrosol, a major olive oil phenol, and HIF-1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6361. [PMID: 32286485 PMCID: PMC7156391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive oil intake has been linked with a lower incidence of breast cancer. Hypoxic microenvironment in solid tumors, such as breast cancer, is known to play a crucial role in cancer progression and in the failure of anticancer treatments. HIF-1 is the foremost effector in hypoxic response, and given that hydroxytyrosol (HT) is one of the main bioactive compounds in olive oil, in this study we deepen into its modulatory role on HIF-1. Our results in MCF-7 breast cancer cells demonstrate that HT decreases HIF-1α protein, probably by downregulating oxidative stress and by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Strikingly, the expression of HIF-1 target genes does not show a parallel decrease. Particularly, adrenomedullin and vascular endothelial growth factor are up-regulated by high concentrations of HT even in HIF-1α silenced cells, pointing to HIF-1-independent mechanisms of regulation. In fact, we show, by in silico modelling and transcriptional analysis, that high doses of HT may act as an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor favoring the induction of these angiogenic genes. In conclusion, we suggest that the effect of HT in a hypoxic environment is largely affected by its concentration and involves both HIF-1 dependent and independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Calahorra
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Esther Martínez-Lara
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - José M Granadino-Roldán
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Juan M Martí
- Instituto López Neyra de Parasitología y Biomedicina, IPBLN, CSIC PTS-Granada, Armilla, 18016, Spain
| | - Ana Cañuelo
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Santos Blanco
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - F Javier Oliver
- Instituto López Neyra de Parasitología y Biomedicina, IPBLN, CSIC PTS-Granada, Armilla, 18016, Spain
| | - Eva Siles
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, 23071, Spain.
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Visioli F, Davalos A, López de las Hazas M, Crespo MC, Tomé‐Carneiro J. An overview of the pharmacology of olive oil and its active ingredients. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1316-1330. [PMID: 31270815 PMCID: PMC7056466 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing sensory stimuli, usually taste, smell and sight, olive oil contains a range of minor components, mostly phenolic in nature. These components are endowed with pharmacological or pharma‐nutritional properties that are the subject of active research worldwide. Based on our more than 25 years of experience in this field, we critically focus on what we believe are the most pharmacologically prominent actions of the constituents of olive oil. Most of the effects are due to the phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oil, such as hydroxytyrosol and oleocanthal (which are often mis‐categorized as in vivo antioxidants) and concern the cardiovascular system. Other potentially beneficial activities are still to be investigated in depth. We conclude that—in the context of a proper diet that includes high‐quality products—the use of high‐quality olive oil contributes to achieving and sustaining overall health.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional FoodsInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Alberto Davalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid MetabolismInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
| | - María‐Carmen López de las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid MetabolismInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
| | - María Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional FoodsInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
| | - Joao Tomé‐Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional FoodsInstituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)‐Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSICMadridSpain
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Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols: Modulation of Cellular Pathways Related to Oxidant Species and Inflammation in Aging. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020478. [PMID: 32093046 PMCID: PMC7072812 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The olive-oil-centered Mediterranean diet has been associated with extended life expectancy and a reduction in the risk of age-related degenerative diseases. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) itself has been proposed to promote a "successful aging", being able to virtually modulate all the features of the aging process, because of its great monounsaturated fatty acids content and its minor bioactive compounds, the polyphenols above all. Polyphenols are mostly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, able to modulate abnormal cellular signaling induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli and oxidative stress, as that related to NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), which have been identified as important modulators of age-related disorders and aging itself. This review summarizes existing literature about the interaction between EVOO polyphenols and NF-κB and Nrf-2 signaling pathways. Reported studies show the ability of EVOO phenolics, mainly hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, to activate Nrf-2 signaling, inducing a cellular defense response and to prevent NF-κB activation, thus suppressing the induction of a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Literature data, although not exhaustive, indicate as a whole that EVOO polyphenols may significantly help to modulate the aging process, so tightly connected to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation.
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Bertelli M, Kiani AK, Paolacci S, Manara E, Kurti D, Dhuli K, Bushati V, Miertus J, Pangallo D, Baglivo M, Beccari T, Michelini S. Hydroxytyrosol: A natural compound with promising pharmacological activities. J Biotechnol 2019; 309:29-33. [PMID: 31884046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol is a phenolic phytochemical with antioxidant properties in vitro. It is a natural compound that can be found in olive leaves and oil. The main dietary source of hydroxytyrosol is extra virgin olive oil. Due to its bioavailability, chemical properties and easy formulation along with its lack of toxicity, hydroxytyrosol is considered an excellent food supplement by the nutraceutical and food industries. The purpose of this review is to discuss the potential therapeutic effects of hydroxytyrosol in vivo. To do so, we conducted an electronic search in PubMed and other literature databases using "hydroxytyrosol", "beneficial effect/s", "pharmacology" as key-words. From this search, we found that hydroxytyrosol has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal properties. Hydroxytyrosol also improves endothelial dysfunction, decreases oxidative stress, and is neuro- and cardio-protective. Due to all these biological properties, hydroxytyrosol is currently the most actively investigated natural phenol. The evidence presented in this review suggests that hydroxytyrosol has great pharmacological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bertelli
- EBTNA-Lab, Via Delle Maioliche, 57/G, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy; MAGI's Lab, Via Delle Maioliche, 57/D, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy; MAGI Euregio, Via Maso della Pieve, 60/A, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Aysha Karim Kiani
- Allama Iqbal Open University, Sector H-8, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Stefano Paolacci
- MAGI's Lab, Via Delle Maioliche, 57/D, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy.
| | - Elena Manara
- MAGI Euregio, Via Maso della Pieve, 60/A, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Danjela Kurti
- MAGI Balkans, Rruga Andon Zako Cajupi, 1019, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Kristjana Dhuli
- MAGI Balkans, Rruga Andon Zako Cajupi, 1019, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Vilma Bushati
- MAGI Balkans, Rruga Andon Zako Cajupi, 1019, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Jan Miertus
- Genius n.o., Mestská poliklinika Starohájska 2, 91701, Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Domenico Pangallo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, Bratislava, 84551, Slovakia.
| | - Mirko Baglivo
- MAGI Euregio, Via Maso della Pieve, 60/A, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Ariodante Fabretti, 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Sandro Michelini
- Department of Vascular Rehabilitation, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Via Luigi Ercole Morselli, 13, 00148, Rome, Italy.
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Anticancer effects of olive oil polyphenols and their combinations with anticancer drugs. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2019; 69:461-482. [PMID: 31639094 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2019-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer presents one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current treatment includes the administration of one or more anticancer drugs, commonly known as chemotherapy. The biggest issue concerning the chemotherapeutics is their toxicity on normal cells and persisting side effects. One approach to the issue is chemoprevention and the other one is the discovery of more effective drugs or drug combinations, including combinations with polyphenols. Olive oil polyphenols (OOPs), especially hydroxytyrosol (HTyr), tyrosol (Tyr) and their derivatives oleuropein (Ole), oleacein and oleocanthal (Oc) express anticancer activity on different cancer models. Recent studies report that phenolic extract of virgin olive oil may be more effective than the individual phenolic compounds. Also, there is a growing body of evidence about the combined treatment of OOPs with various anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, tamoxifen, doxorubicin and others. These novel approaches may present an advanced strategy in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Protective effects of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol on spinal cord injury-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Neuroreport 2019; 30:1016-1024. [PMID: 31503208 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol (DOPET) is a potent antioxidant polyphenolic compound. In this study, our objective was to investigate the underlying mechanism of the neuroprotective role of DOPET in attenuating spinal cord injury (SCI). Initially, SCI was induced by performing surgical laminectomy on the rats at T10-T12 level. Then, the neurological function-dependent locomotion was measured using Basso Beattie Bresnahan score, which declined in the SCI-induced group. Increased antioxidant levels such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione along with other parameters such as increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities were all observed in the SCI group. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β were upregulated in the serum and spinal cord tissue as observed on the immunoblot. Interestingly, protein levels of apoptotic markers such as Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and RT-PCR analysis-based mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokine, nuclear factor- κ activated B cells (NF-κB) were significantly upregulated in the spinal cord tissue. Nonetheless, antiapoptotic factor such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein expression was downregulated in the same group. However, on administering 10 mg/kg of DOPET, the neuronal function was rescued, antioxidants were restored back to the normal levels, LPO and MPO activities were reduced in conjunction with downregulated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers in the SCI group. These findings show that DOPET could potentially target multiple signalling pathways to combat SCI.
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Dhakal S, Kushairi N, Phan CW, Adhikari B, Sabaratnam V, Macreadie I. Dietary Polyphenols: A Multifactorial Strategy to Target Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5090. [PMID: 31615073 PMCID: PMC6834216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable fundamental process for people and is their greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. The ageing processes bring changes in cells that can drive the organisms to experience loss of nutrient sensing, disrupted cellular functions, increased oxidative stress, loss of cellular homeostasis, genomic instability, accumulation of misfolded protein, impaired cellular defenses and telomere shortening. Perturbation of these vital cellular processes in neuronal cells can lead to life threatening neurological disorders like Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, Lewy body dementia, etc. Alzheimer's Disease is the most frequent cause of deaths in the elderly population. Various therapeutic molecules have been designed to overcome the social, economic and health care burden caused by Alzheimer's Disease. Almost all the chemical compounds in clinical practice have been found to treat symptoms only limiting them to palliative care. The reason behind such imperfect drugs may result from the inefficiencies of the current drugs to target the cause of the disease. Here, we review the potential role of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds that could possibly be the most effective preventative strategy against Alzheimer's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Dhakal
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Naufal Kushairi
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chia Wei Phan
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Vikineswary Sabaratnam
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ian Macreadie
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
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Razali RA, Lokanathan Y, Yazid MD, Ansari AS, Saim AB, Hj Idrus RB. Modulation of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Signaling Pathways by Olea Europaea and Its Active Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3492. [PMID: 31315241 PMCID: PMC6679150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a significant dynamic process that causes changes in the phenotype of epithelial cells, changing them from their original phenotype to the mesenchymal cell phenotype. This event can be observed during wound healing process, fibrosis and cancer. EMT-related diseases are usually caused by inflammation that eventually leads to tissue remodeling in the damaged tissue. Prolonged inflammation causes long-term EMT activation that can lead to tissue fibrosis or cancer. Due to activation of EMT by its signaling pathway, therapeutic approaches that modulate that pathway should be explored. Olea europaea (OE) is well-known for its anti-inflammatory effects and abundant beneficial active compounds. These properties are presumed to modulate EMT events. This article reviews recent evidence of the effects of OE and its active compounds on EMT events and EMT-related diseases. Following evidence from the literature, it was shown that OE could modulate TGFβ/SMAD, AKT, ERK, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in EMT due to a potent active compound that is present therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabiatul Adawiyah Razali
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ayu Suraya Ansari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aminuddin Bin Saim
- Ear, Nose & Throat Consultant Clinic, Ampang Puteri Specialist Hospital, Ampang, 68000 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Albini A, Bassani B, Baci D, Dallaglio K, Gallazzi M, Corradino P, Bruno A, Noonan DM. Nutraceuticals and "Repurposed" Drugs of Phytochemical Origin in Prevention and Interception of Chronic Degenerative Diseases and Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:973-987. [PMID: 28933290 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170920144130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic, degenerative diseases are often characterized by inflammation and aberrant angiogenesis. For these pathologies, including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, cancer, diabetes, and obesity, current therapies have limited efficacy. OBJECTIVES The validation of novel (chemo)preventive and interceptive approaches, and the use of new or repurposed agents, alone or in combination with registered drugs, are urgently required. RESULTS Phytochemicals (triterpenoids, flavonoids, retinoids) and their derivatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin) as well as biguanides (metformin and phenformin) originally developed from phytochemical backbones, are multi-target agents showing antiangiogenic and anti-anti-inflammatory proprieties. Many of them target AMPK and metabolic pathways such as the mTOR axis. We summarize the beneficial effects of several compounds in conferring protection and supporting therapy, and as a paradigm, we present data on terpenoids & biquanides on beer hop xanthohumol and hydroxytryrosol from olive mill waste waters. CONCLUSIONS These molecules could be employed for combinatorial chemoprevention and interception approaches or chemoprevention/therapy regimens for cancer and other chronic complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Albini
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Bassani
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Katiuscia Dallaglio
- Laboratory of Translational Research, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Matteo Gallazzi
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Corradino
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Karković Marković A, Torić J, Barbarić M, Jakobušić Brala C. Hydroxytyrosol, Tyrosol and Derivatives and Their Potential Effects on Human Health. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24102001. [PMID: 31137753 PMCID: PMC6571782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet and olive oil as its quintessential part are almost synonymous with a healthy way of eating and living nowadays. This kind of diet has been highly appreciated and is widely recognized for being associated with many favorable effects, such as reduced incidence of different chronic diseases and prolonged longevity. Although olive oil polyphenols present a minor fraction in the composition of olive oil, they seem to be of great importance when it comes to the health benefits, and interest in their biological and potential therapeutic effects is huge. There is a growing body of in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as intervention-based clinical trials, revealing new aspects of already known and many new, previously unknown activities and health effects of these compounds. This review summarizes recent findings regarding biological activities, metabolism and bioavailability of the major olive oil phenolic compounds—hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein, oleocanthal and oleacein—the most important being their antiatherogenic, cardioprotective, anticancer, neuroprotective and endocrine effects. The evidence presented in the review concludes that these phenolic compounds have great pharmacological potential, however, further studies are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karković Marković
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jelena Torić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Monika Barbarić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Cvijeta Jakobušić Brala
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.Kovačića 1, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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40
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Yamada N, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Masue A, Taguchi K, Kozawa O. Olive oil polyphenols suppress the TGF-α-induced migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biomed Rep 2019; 1:1-5. [PMID: 31258902 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleuropein and 3-hydroxytyrosol (3-HT) are natural polyphenols present in olive oil that are known to exhibit potent anti-oxidant activities and exert protective effects against a number of human diseases. In the liver, olive oil polyphenols have been demonstrated to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth. However, little is known about their effects against HCC cell migration. Therefore, the present study investigated whether or not oleuropein and 3-HT were involved in the suppression of transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α)-induced migration of human HCC cells using human HCC-derived HuH7 cells. The TGF-α-induced migration of HuH7 cells was significantly and dose-dependently suppressed by oleuropein and 3-HT. This study group demonstrated previously that the TGF-α-induced activation of AKT and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) were involved in HuH7 cell migration. In addition to these protein kinases, the present study examined the involvement of TGF-α-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Rho kinase in HuH7 cell migration. TGF-α-induced HuH7 cell migration was decreased by SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, and Y27632, a Rho kinase inhibitor. However, PD98059, an inhibitor of the upstream kinase activating ERK, did not suppress the TGF-α-induced migration of HuH7 cells. Although AKT, SAPK/JNK, p38 MAPK and Rho kinase pathways were suggested to be involved in the TGF-α-induced migration of HuH7 cells, 10-30 µM 3-HT did not exhibit any suppressive effect on the TGF-α-stimulated activities of these kinases. The results of the present study suggest that olive oil polyphenols suppressed the TGF-α-induced migration of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Yamada
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Rie Matsushima-Nishiwaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Ayaka Masue
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Kyoka Taguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
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41
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Tampucci S, Carpi S, Digiacomo M, Polini B, Fogli S, Burgalassi S, Macchia M, Nieri P, Manera C, Monti D. Diclofenac-Derived Hybrids for Treatment of Actinic Keratosis and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Molecules 2019; 24:E1793. [PMID: 31075867 PMCID: PMC6539072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, hybrid compounds 1-4 obtained by conjugation of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac, with natural molecules endowed with antioxidant and antiproliferative activity were prepared. The antiproliferative activity of these hybrids was evaluated on immortalized human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF), an actinic keratosis (AK) model, and on human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells (A431). Hybrid 1 presented the best activity in both cell models. Self-assembling surfactant nanomicelles have been chosen as the carrier to drive the hybrid 1 into the skin; the in vitro permeation through and penetration into pig ear skin have been evaluated. Among the nanostructured formulations tested, Nano3Hybrid20 showed a higher tendency of the hybrid 1 to be retained in the skin rather than permeating it, with a desirable topical and non-systemic action. On these bases, hybrid 1 may represent an attractive lead scaffold for the development of new treatments for AK and SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tampucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health" (NutraFood), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health" (NutraFood), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maria Digiacomo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health" (NutraFood), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Stefano Fogli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Susi Burgalassi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Marco Macchia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health" (NutraFood), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health" (NutraFood), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Clementina Manera
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health" (NutraFood), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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A critical review on anti-angiogenic property of phytochemicals. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 71:1-15. [PMID: 31174052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a process involved in neovascularization, has been found to be associated with several metabolic diseases like cancer, retinopathy etc. Thus, currently, the focus on anti-angiogenic therapy for treatment and prevention of diseases has gained significant attention. Currently available Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs are targeting either vascular endothelial growth factor or it's receptor, but in the long term, these approaches were shown to cause several side effects and the chances of developing resistance to these drugs is also high. Therefore, identification of safe and cost-effective anti-angiogenic molecules is highly imperative. Over the past decades, dietary based natural compounds have been studied for their anti-angiogenic potential which provided avenues in improving the angiogenesis based therapy. In this review, major emphasis is given to the molecular mechanism behind anti-angiogenic effect of natural compounds from dietary sources.
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de Pablos RM, Espinosa-Oliva AM, Hornedo-Ortega R, Cano M, Arguelles S. Hydroxytyrosol protects from aging process via AMPK and autophagy; a review of its effects on cancer, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, immune-mediated and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:58-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Serreli G, Melis MP, Corona G, Deiana M. Modulation of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in intestinal cells by hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol metabolites: Insight into the mechanism of action. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 125:520-527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Celano M, Maggisano V, Lepore SM, Russo D, Bulotta S. Secoiridoids of olive and derivatives as potential coadjuvant drugs in cancer: A critical analysis of experimental studies. Pharmacol Res 2019; 142:77-86. [PMID: 30772463 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic secoiridoids from olive, including oleocanthal, oleuropein and related derivatives, are bioactive natural products with documented anticancer activities, that have mainly been attributed to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. This review summarizes the results of the preclinical studies on the natural secoiridoids of olive used as single agents or in combination with other chemotherapeutics against cancer cells. The molecular targets of their action are described. A critical analysis of the importance of the experimental studies in view of the possible use in humans is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Celano
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Maggisano
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Massimo Lepore
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Diego Russo
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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46
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Olive fruit (Olea europaea L.): Chemopreventive effect in the rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma. PHARMANUTRITION 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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47
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Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Olive Oil as Nutraceutical Tools for the Prevention and Management of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082305. [PMID: 30082650 PMCID: PMC6121682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the largest contributor to worldwide morbidity and mortality. Among them, cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for a 47% of worldwide mortality. In general, preventive approaches modifying lifestyle are more cost-effective than treatments after disease onset. In this sense, a healthy diet could help a range of NCDs, such as cancer and CVDs. Traditional Mediterranean Diet (MD) is associated by the low-prevalence of certain types of cancers and CVDs, where olive oil plays an important role. In fact, different epidemiological studies suggest that olive oil consumption prevents some cancers, as well as coronary heart diseases and stroke incidence and mortality. Historically, the beneficial health effects of virgin olive oil (VOO) intake were first attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids. Nowadays, many studies indicate that phenolic compounds contained in olive oil have positive effects on different biomarkers related to health. Among them, phenolic compounds would be partially responsible for health benefits. The present work aims to explore, in studies published during the last five years, the effects of the main phenolic compounds isolated from olive oil on different cancer or CVD aspects, in order to clarify which compounds have more potential to be used as nutraceuticals with preventive or even therapeutic properties.
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Goldsmith CD, Bond DR, Jankowski H, Weidenhofer J, Stathopoulos CE, Roach PD, Scarlett CJ. The Olive Biophenols Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol Selectively Reduce Proliferation, Influence the Cell Cycle, and Induce Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071937. [PMID: 30004416 PMCID: PMC6073890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Current chemotherapy drugs for pancreatic cancer only offer an increase in survival of up to six months. Additionally, they are highly toxic to normal tissues, drastically affecting the quality of life of patients. Therefore, the search for novel agents, which induce apoptosis in cancer cells while displaying limited toxicity towards normal cells, is paramount. The olive biophenols, oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, have displayed cytotoxicity towards cancer cells without affecting non-tumorigenic cells in cancers of the breast and prostate. However, their activity in pancreatic cancer has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the anti-pancreatic cancer potential of oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. Pancreatic cancer cells (MIA PaCa-2, BxPC-3, and CFPAC-1) and non-tumorigenic pancreas cells (HPDE) were treated with oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol to determine their effect on cell viability. Oleuropein displayed selective toxicity towards MIA PaCa-2 cells and hydroxytyrosol towards MIA PaCa-2 and HPDE cells. Subsequent analysis of Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase 3/7 activation determined that oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol induced apoptosis in MIA PaCa-2 cells, while oleuropein displayed a protective effect on HPDE cells. Gene expression analysis revealed putative mechanisms of action, which suggested that c-Jun and c-Fos are involved in oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol induced apoptosis of MIA PaCa-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe D Goldsmith
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
- Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
| | - Danielle R Bond
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), New Lambton Heights 2305, NSW, Australia.
| | - Helen Jankowski
- Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), New Lambton Heights 2305, NSW, Australia.
| | - Judith Weidenhofer
- Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), New Lambton Heights 2305, NSW, Australia.
| | - Costas E Stathopoulos
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Abertay, Dundee, Scotland DD1 1HG, UK.
| | - Paul D Roach
- Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Scarlett
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
- Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, NSW, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), New Lambton Heights 2305, NSW, Australia.
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Imran M, Nadeem M, Gilani SA, Khan S, Sajid MW, Amir RM. Antitumor Perspectives of Oleuropein and Its Metabolite Hydroxytyrosol: Recent Updates. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1781-1791. [PMID: 29928786 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Olive fruit is a significant and promising source of potential bioactive compounds such as oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. Oleuropein is the ester of elenolic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl ethanol (HT). It is the main glycoside in olives, the degradation of which results in the formation of hydroxytyrosol in olive oil. Both plays a significant role in the reduction of coronary heart diseases and a certain type of cancers. Both olive oil phenols have an effective role counter to cell proliferation, cell growth, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. They down regulate the expression of BCL-2 and COX-2 proteins, and reduced DNA damage. Hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein inhibited the multiple stages in colon carcinogenesis; initiation, promotion, and metastasis. They also provide protection against various human cancers including colorectal, skin, breast, thyroid, digestive, lung, brain, blood, and cervical. This review article discusses the anticancer perspectives and mechanisms of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol in cell cultures and animal and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Univ. Inst. of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Univ. of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Dept. of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Syed Amir Gilani
- Univ. Inst. of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Univ. of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaista Khan
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Shah Abdul University, Khairpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Rai Muhammad Amir
- Inst. of Food and Nutritional Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture Univ., Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Analysis of natural product regulation of opioid receptors in the treatment of human disease. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 184:51-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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