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Chen G, Li MY, Yang JY, Zhou ZH. Will AMPK be a potential therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma? Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:3241-3258. [PMID: 39113872 PMCID: PMC11301289 DOI: 10.62347/yavk1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the disease that poses the greatest threat to human health today. Among them, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is particularly prominent due to its high recurrence rate and extremely low five-year postoperative survival rate. In addition to surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are the main methods for treating HCC. Due to the natural drug resistance of chemoradiotherapy and targeted drugs, satisfactory results have not been achieved in terms of therapeutic efficacy and cost. AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase. It mainly coordinates the metabolism and transformation of energy between cells, which maintaining a balance between energy supply and demand. The processes of cell growth, proliferation, autophagy, and survival all involve various reaction of cells to energy changes. The regulatory role of AMPK in cellular energy metabolism plays an important role in the occurrence, development, treatment, and prognosis of HCC. Here, we reviewed the latest progress on the regulatory role of AMPK in the occurrence and development of HCC. Firstly, the molecular structure and activation mechanism of AMPK were introduced. Secondly, the emerging regulator related to AMPK and tumors were elaborated. Next, the multitasking roles of AMPK in the occurrence and development mechanism of HCC were discussed separately. Finally, the translational implications and the challenges of AMPK-targeted therapies for HCC treatment were elaborated. In summary, these pieces of information suggest that AMPK can serve as a promising specific therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Hospital, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Hospital, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing-Yi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Feixi Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineFeixi, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhou
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
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2
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Lai YS, Hsieh MR, Nguyen TMH, Chen YC, Wang HC, Chiu WT. Optogenetically engineered calcium oscillations promote autophagy-mediated cell death via AMPK activation. Open Biol 2024; 14:240001. [PMID: 38653331 PMCID: PMC11057470 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a double-edged sword for cells; it can lead to both cell survival and death. Calcium (Ca2+) signalling plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular behaviours, including cell migration, proliferation and death. In this study, we investigated the effects of modulating cytosolic Ca2+ levels on autophagy using chemical and optogenetic methods. Our findings revealed that ionomycin and thapsigargin induce Ca2+ influx to promote autophagy, whereas the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM induces Ca2+ depletion and inhibits autophagy. Furthermore, the optogenetic platform allows the manipulation of illumination parameters, including density, frequency, duty cycle and duration, to create different patterns of Ca2+ oscillations. We used the optogenetic tool Ca2+-translocating channelrhodopsin, which is activated and opened by 470 nm blue light to induce Ca2+ influx. These results demonstrated that high-frequency Ca2+ oscillations induce autophagy. In addition, autophagy induction may involve Ca2+-activated adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinases. In conclusion, high-frequency optogenetic Ca2+ oscillations led to cell death mediated by AMP-activated protein kinase-induced autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shyun Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ru Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Thi My Hang Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Chun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan701, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan701, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan701, Taiwan
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3
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Liaghat M, Yaghoubzad-Maleki M, Nabi-Afjadi M, Fathi Z, Zalpoor H, Heidari N, Bahreini E. A Review of the Potential Role of CoQ10 in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:575-593. [PMID: 37632587 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The coenzyme ubiquinone-10 (CoQ10) is not only an important part of the electron transport chain of the mitochondrial inner membrane but also has complex biological functions beyond mitochondrial respiration. It is a natural nutrient that is not only produced by the body but is also found in foods, such as meat, eggs, fish, and vegetable oils. Because some types of cancer reduce CoQ10 blood levels, the use of CoQ10 supplements is recommended for the treatment of cancer patients. The anti-cancer effects of CoQ10 supplementation have been reported in several cancers, including colon and breast cancer. CoQ10 scavenges free radicals to reduce oxidative stress and minimize tissue damage. CoQ10 protects the body from damage caused by chemotherapy drugs by reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory factors. Recent studies suggest that CoQ10 may be a supplement to pharmacotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. This article examines the effects of CoQ10 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Liaghat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yaghoubzad-Maleki
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Fathi
- Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614525, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Bahreini
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614525, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Ren R, Li Y. STIM1 in tumor cell death: angel or devil? Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:408. [PMID: 37932320 PMCID: PMC10628139 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is involved in mediating the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), driving the influx of the intracellular second messenger calcium ion (Ca2+), which is closely associated with tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism and immune processes. STIM1 is not only regulated at the transcriptional level by NF-κB and HIF-1, but also post-transcriptionally modified by miRNAs and degraded by ubiquitination. Recent studies have shown that STIM1 or Ca2+ signaling can regulate apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis in tumor cells and act discrepantly in different cancers. Furthermore, STIM1 contributes to resistance against antitumor therapy by influencing tumor cell death. Further investigation into the mechanisms through which STIM1 controls other forms of tumor cell death could aid in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. Moreover, STIM1 has the ability to regulate immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we review the basic structure, function and regulation of STIM1, summarize the signaling pathways through which STIM1 regulates tumor cell death, and propose the prospects of antitumor therapy by targeting STIM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ren
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030, Chongqing, China.
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5
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Malayil R, Chhichholiya Y, Vasudeva K, Singh HV, Singh T, Singh S, Munshi A. Oncogenic metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer: focus on signaling pathways and mitochondrial genes. Med Oncol 2023; 40:174. [PMID: 37170010 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic metabolic reprogramming impacts the abundance of key metabolites that regulate signaling and epigenetics. Metabolic vulnerability in the cancer cell is evident from the Warburg effect. The research on metabolism in the progression and survival of breast cancer (BC) is under focus. Oncogenic signal activation and loss of tumor suppressor are important regulators of tumor cell metabolism. Several intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to metabolic reprogramming. The molecular mechanisms underpinning metabolic reprogramming in BC are extensive and only partially defined. Various signaling pathways involved in the metabolism play a significant role in the modulation of BC. Notably, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, lactate-ERK/STAT3 signaling, loss of the tumor suppressor Ras, Myc, oxidative stress, activation of the cellular hypoxic response and acidosis contribute to different metabolic reprogramming phenotypes linked to enhanced glycolysis. The alterations in mitochondrial genes have also been elaborated upon along with their functional implications. The outcome of these active research areas might contribute to the development of novel therapeutic interventions and the remodeling of known drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhuthuparna Malayil
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Yogita Chhichholiya
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | | | - Harsh Vikram Singh
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India
| | - Tashvinder Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab Bathinda, Punjab, India.
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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6
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Liu N, Liu C, Wang Z, Wang L, Wang J, Kong J. FTO demethylates m6A modifications in CDKAL1 mRNA and promotes gastric cancer chemoresistance by altering mitochondrial dynamics. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:307-315. [PMID: 36628934 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common mRNA modification that is considered a new layer of mRNA epigenetic regulation. Demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) are important in the dynamic regulation of m6A, but their role in gastric cancer (GC) is not fully understood. This study revealed that FTO and CDKAL1 were up-regulated in GC cells and tissue. CDKAL1 is the downstream target of FTO-mediated m6A modification, with FTO promoting GC cell proliferation through CDKAL1 and inducing mitochondrial fusion, eventually causing GC chemoresistance. In conclusion, FTO contributes to the increasing resistance of GC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) by upregulating CDKAL1 and inducing mitochondrial fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- General Surgery Department, General Hospital of Fushun Mining Bureau of Liaoning Health Industry, Fushun, China
| | - Chang Liu
- General Surgery Department, General Hospital of Fushun Mining Bureau of Liaoning Health Industry, Fushun, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Internal Medicine Department, Liaoning Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Shenyang, China
| | - Longqing Wang
- General Surgery Department, General Hospital of Fushun Mining Bureau of Liaoning Health Industry, Fushun, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- General Surgery Department, General Hospital of Fushun Mining Bureau of Liaoning Health Industry, Fushun, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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7
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Tian GA, Xu WT, Zhang XL, Zhou YQ, Sun Y, Hu LP, Jiang SH, Nie HZ, Zhang ZG, Zhu L, Li J, Yang XM, Yao LL. CCBE1 promotes mitochondrial fusion by inhibiting the TGFβ-DRP1 axis to prevent the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Matrix Biol 2023; 117:31-45. [PMID: 36849082 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM), as an important component of the tumor microenvironment, exerts various roles in tumor formation. Mitochondrial dynamic disorder is closely implicated in tumorigenesis, including hyperfission in HCC. We aimed to determine the influence of the ECM-related protein CCBE1 on mitochondrial dynamics in HCC. Here, we found that CCBE1 was capable of promoting mitochondrial fusion in HCC. Initially, CCBE1 expression was found to be significantly downregulated in tumors compared with nontumor tissues, which resulted from hypermethylation of the CCBE1 promoter in HCC. Furthermore, CCBE1 overexpression or treatment with recombinant CCBE1 protein dramatically inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CCBE1 functioned as an inhibitor of mitochondrial fission by preventing the location of DRP1 on mitochondria through inhibiting its phosphorylation at Ser616 by directly binding with TGFβR2 to inhibit TGFβ signaling activity. In addition, a higher percentage of specimens with higher DRP1 phosphorylation was present in patients with lower CCBE1 expression than in patients with higher CCBE1 expression, which further confirmed the inhibitory effect of CCBE1 on DRP1 phosphorylation at Ser616. Collectively, our study highlights the crucial roles of CCBE1 in mitochondrial homeostasis, suggesting strong evidence for this process as a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ang Tian
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 243 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Wen-Ting Xu
- Department of Pathology, The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Xue-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yao-Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Li-Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shu-Heng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Hui-Zhen Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Lin-Li Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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8
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Yu J, Chen X, Li J, Wang F. CERS6 antisense RNA 1 promotes colon cancer via upregulating mitochondrial calcium uniporter. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e13951. [PMID: 36628448 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer (CC) belongs to a common cancer of digestive system. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in numerous cancers and affect their development. The function of lncRNA CERS6 antisense RNA 1 (CERS6-AS1) in CC remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS CERS6-AS1 expression in colon adenocarcinoma tissues and CC cell lines was assessed by The Cancer Genome Atlas database and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. The function of CERS6-AS1 in CC was analysed by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, colony formation, flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling, wound healing, Transwell and immunofluorescence assays. Mechanistic analyses including RNA pull down, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay revealed the interaction between RNAs. RESULTS CERS6-AS1 expression was aberrantly upregulated in colon adenocarcinoma tissues and CC cell lines. CERS6-AS1 knockdown inhibited CC cell malignant phenotypes and in vivo tumour growth. CERS6-AS1 served as the competing endogenous RNA of microRNA-16-5p in CC, and microRNA-16-5p inhibition partly rescued the effects of CERS6-AS1 depletion on CC development. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter was targeted by microRNA-16-5p. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter upregulation completely remedied the influence of CERS6-AS1 silencing in CC progression. Moreover, CERS6-AS1 enhanced the stability of mitochondrial calcium uniporter messenger RNA via recruiting RNA-binding protein embryonic lethal abnormal vision like 1. CONCLUSION CERS6-AS1 promotes the development of CC via upregulating mitochondrial calcium uniporter expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yu
- Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Furang Wang
- Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Quercetin induces autophagy-associated death in HL-60 cells through CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR signal pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1244-1256. [PMID: 36148953 PMCID: PMC9827794 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common malignancies of the hematopoietic progenitor cell in adults. Quercetin has gained recognition over the years because of its anti-cancer effect with minimal toxicity. Herein, we aim to investigate the anti-leukemia mechanism of quercetin and to decipher the signaling pathway of quercetin in HL-60 leukemic cells. We observed that quercetin induces apoptosis and autophagic cell death, in which both pathways play an important role in suppressing the viability of leukemia cells. Phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) protein expressions are lower in primary AML cells, HL-60 cells, KG-1 and THP-1 cells than in peripheral blood monocular cells. After quercetin treatment, the expression of p-AMPK is increased while the expression of p-mTOR is decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, compound C, an AMPK phosphorylation inhibitor, upregulates the phosphorylation of mTOR and inhibits autophagy and apoptosis in quercetin-induced HL-60 cells, while silencing of CaMKKβ inhibits the quercetin-induced phosphorylation of AMPK, resulting in increased mTOR phosphorylation. Furthermore, silencing of CaMKKβ inhibits the autophagy in HL-60 cells. Taken together, our data delineate that quercetin plays its anti-leukemia role by inhibiting cell viability and inducing apoptosis and autophagy in leukemia cells. Quercetin inhibits the phosphorylation of mTOR by regulating the activity of AMPK, thus playing a role in the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis. CaMKKβ is a potential upstream molecule for AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, through which quercetin induces autophagy in HL-60 cells.
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10
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Wang Q, Yu P, Liu C, He X, Wang G. Mitochondrial fragmentation in liver cancer: Emerging player and promising therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Lett 2022; 549:215912. [PMID: 36103914 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation (MF) is associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. However, its molecular mechanism in HCC remains elusive. Although enhanced MF activates effector T cells and dendritic cells, it induces immunoescape by decreasing the number and cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in the HCC immune microenvironment. Therefore, the influence of MF on the activity of different immune cells is a great challenge. Enhanced MF contributes to maintaining stemness by promoting the asymmetric division of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), suggesting that MF may become a potential target for HCC recurrence, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, mechanistic studies suggest that MF may promote tumour progression through autophagy, oxidative stress, and metabolic reprogramming. Human-induced hepatocyte organoids are a recently developed system that can be genetically manipulated to mimic cancer initiation and identify potential preventive treatments. We can use it to screen MF-related candidate inhibitors of HCC progression and further explore the role of MF in hepatocarcinogenesis. We herein describe the mechanisms by which MF contributes to HCC development, discuss potential therapeutic approaches, and highlight the possibility that MF modulation has a synergistic effect with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Pengfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The 74th Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, 510318, China.
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11
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Li Y, Zhu Y, Zhao B, Yao Q, Xu H, Lv S, Wang J, Sun Z, Li Y, Guo C. Amorphous silica nanoparticles caused lung injury through the induction of epithelial apoptosis via ROS/Ca 2+/DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission signaling. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:713-732. [PMID: 36441139 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2144774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The adverse effects of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) exposure on the respiratory system were increasingly recognized, however, its potential pathogenesis still remains not fully elucidated. So, this study aimed to explore its effects on pulmonary injury, and to investigate related mechanisms. Histological investigations illustrated SiNPs triggered the lung injury, mainly manifested as alveolar structure destruction, collagen deposition, and mitochondrial ultrastructural injury. In particular, SiNPs greatly enhanced pulmonary ROS and TUNEL positive rate in lungs, both of which were positively correlated with lung impairments. Further, the underlying mechanisms were investigated in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE). Consistent with the in vivo findings, SiNPs caused the impairments on mitochondrial structure, as well as the activation of ROS generation and oxidative injury. Upon SiNPs stimuli, mitochondrial respiration was greatly inhibited, while Ca2+ overload in cytosol and mitochondria owing to ER calcium release was noticed, resulting in mitochondrial-dependent epithelial apoptosis. More importantly, mitochondrial dynamics was imbalanced toward a fission type, as evidenced by upregulated DRP1 and its phosphorylation at Ser616 (DRP1s616), while downregulated DRP1s637, and also MFN1, MFN2. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the activation of ROS/Ca2+ signaling promoted DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission by SiNPs, forming a vicious cycle, and ultimately contributing to apoptosis in 16HBE. In summary, our results disclosed SiNPs caused pulmonary injury through the induction of epithelial apoptosis via a ROS/Ca2+/DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bosen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hailin Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songqing Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Sánchez-González C, Herrero Martín JC, Salegi Ansa B, Núñez de Arenas C, Stančič B, Pereira MP, Contreras L, Cuezva JM, Formentini L. Chronic inhibition of the mitochondrial ATP synthase in skeletal muscle triggers sarcoplasmic reticulum distress and tubular aggregates. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:561. [PMID: 35732639 PMCID: PMC9217934 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tubular aggregates (TA) are honeycomb-like arrays of sarcoplasmic-reticulum (SR) tubules affecting aged glycolytic fibers of male individuals and inducing severe sarcomere disorganization and muscular pain. TA develop in skeletal muscle from Tubular Aggregate Myopathy (TAM) patients as well as in other disorders including endocrine syndromes, diabetes, and ageing, being their primary cause unknown. Nowadays, there is no cure for TA. Intriguingly, both hypoxia and calcium dyshomeostasis prompt TA formation, pointing to a possible role for mitochondria in their setting. However, a functional link between mitochondrial dysfunctions and TA remains unknown. Herein, we investigate the alteration in muscle-proteome of TAM patients, the molecular mechanism of TA onset and a potential therapy in a preclinical mouse model of the disease. We show that in vivo chronic inhibition of the mitochondrial ATP synthase in muscle causes TA. Upon long-term restrained oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), oxidative soleus experiments a metabolic and structural switch towards glycolytic fibers, increases mitochondrial fission, and activates mitophagy to recycle damaged mitochondria. TA result from the overresponse of the fission controller DRP1, that upregulates the Store-Operate-Calcium-Entry and increases the mitochondria-SR interaction in a futile attempt to buffer calcium overloads upon prolonged OXPHOS inhibition. Accordingly, hypoxic muscles cultured ex vivo show an increase in mitochondria/SR contact sites and autophagic/mitophagic zones, where TA clusters grow around defective mitochondria. Moreover, hypoxia triggered a stronger TA formation upon ATP synthase inhibition, and this effect was reduced by the DRP1 inhibitor mDIVI. Remarkably, the muscle proteome of TAM patients displays similar alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and in ATP synthase contents. In vivo edaravone treatment in mice with restrained OXPHOS restored a healthy phenotype by prompting mitogenesis and mitochondrial fusion. Altogether, our data provide a functional link between the ATP synthase/DRP1 axis and the setting of TA, and repurpose edaravone as a possible treatment for TA-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez-González
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Cruz Herrero Martín
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beñat Salegi Ansa
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Núñez de Arenas
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Brina Stančič
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta P. Pereira
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.5515.40000000119578126Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular, IUBM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Contreras
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.5515.40000000119578126Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular, IUBM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.419651.e0000 0000 9538 1950Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Cuezva
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain ,grid.5515.40000000119578126Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular, IUBM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.512044.60000 0004 7666 5367Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Formentini
- grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular ‘“Severo Ochoa’” (CBMSO), c/ Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain ,grid.5515.40000000119578126Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular, IUBM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.512044.60000 0004 7666 5367Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Che L, Wu JS, Xu CY, Cai YX, Lin JX, Du ZB, Shi JZ, Han T, He YQ, Lin YC, Lin ZN. Protein phosphatase 2A-B56γ-Drp1-Rab7 signaling axis regulates mitochondria-lysosome crosstalk to sensitize the anti-cancer therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115132. [PMID: 35697120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-lysosome crosstalk is an intercellular communication platform regulating mitochondrial quality control (MQC). Activated dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) with phosphorylation at serine 616 (p-Drp1Ser616) plays a critical role in mitophagy-dependent cell survival and anti-cancer therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanisms that p-Drp1Ser616 involved in regulating mitochondria-lysosome crosstalk and mediating anti-HCC therapy remain unknown. HCC cells and mouse xenograft models were conducted to evaluate the relationship between p-Drp1Ser616 and Ras-associated protein 7 (Rab7) and the underlying mechanism by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)-B56γ regulating mitophagy via dephosphorylation of p-Drp1Ser616 in HCC. Herein, we found that Drp1 was frequently upregulated and was associated with poor prognosis in HCC. Mitochondrial p-Drp1Ser616 was a novel inter-organelle tethering protein localized to mitochondrion and lysosome membrane contact sites (MCSs) via interaction with Rab7 to trigger an increase in the mitochondria-lysosome crosstalk, resulting in PINK1-Parkin-dependent mitophagy and anti-apoptosis in HCC cells under the treatment of chemotherapy drugs. Moreover, we demonstrate that B56γ-mediated direct dephosphorylation of p-Drp1Ser616 inhibited mitophagy and thus increased mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Overall, our findings demonstrated that activation of B56γ sensitizes the anti-cancer effect of HCC chemoprevention via dephosphorylated regulation of p-Drp1Ser616 in inhibiting the interaction between p-Drp1Ser616 and Rab7, which may provide a novel mechanism underlying the theranostics for targeting intervention in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Che
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jia-Shen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chi-Yu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-Xin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jin-Xian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ze-Bang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jia-Zhang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zhong-Ning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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14
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Tumor suppressor p53 restrains cancer cell dissemination by modulating mitochondrial dynamics. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:26. [PMID: 35589683 PMCID: PMC9120037 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00401-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in preventing tumorigenesis. Here, we unravel how p53 modulates mitochondrial dynamics to restrain the metastatic properties of cancer cells. p53 inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling to attenuate the protein level of mitochondrial fission process 1 (MTFP1), which fosters the pro-fission dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) phosphorylation. This regulatory mechanism allows p53 to restrict cell migration and invasion governed by Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Downregulating p53 expression or elevating the molecular signature of mitochondrial fission correlates with aggressive tumor phenotypes and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Upon p53 loss, exaggerated mitochondrial fragmentation stimulates the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling resulting in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like changes in cell morphology, accompanied by accelerated matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) expression and invasive cell migration. Notably, blocking the activation of mTORC1/MTFP1/Drp1/ERK1/2 axis completely abolishes the p53 deficiency-driven cellular morphological switch, MMP9 expression, and cancer cell dissemination. Our findings unveil a hitherto unrecognized mitochondria-dependent molecular mechanism underlying the metastatic phenotypes of p53-compromised cancers.
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15
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Wang D, Tian J, Yan Z, Yuan Q, Wu D, Liu X, Yang S, Guo S, Wang J, Yang Y, Xing J, An J, Huang Q. Mitochondrial fragmentation is crucial for c-Myc-driven hepatoblastoma-like liver tumor. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1645-1660. [PMID: 35085814 PMCID: PMC9077476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma is the most common liver cancer in children, and the aggressive subtype often has a poor prognosis and lacks effective targeted therapy. Although aggressive hepatoblastoma (HB) is often accompanied by abnormally high expression of the transcription factor c-Myc, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that mitochondrial fragmentation was enhanced by c-Myc overexpression in human aggressive HB tissues and was associated with poor prognosis. Then, a mouse model resembling human HB was established via hydrodynamic injection of c-Myc plasmids. We observed that liver-specific knockout of the mitochondrial fusion molecule MFN1 or overexpression of mitochondrial fission molecule DRP1 promoted the occurrence of c-Myc-driven liver cancer. In contrast, when MFN1 was overexpressed in the liver, tumor formation was delayed. In vitro experiments showed that c-Myc transcriptionally upregulated the expression of DRP1 and decreased MFN1 expression through upregulation of miR-373-3p. Moreover, enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation significantly promoted aerobic glycolysis and the proliferation of HB cells by significantly increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and activating the RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways. Taken together, our results indicate that c-Myc-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation promotes the malignant transformation and progression of HB by activating ROS-mediated multi-oncogenic signaling.
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16
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Fang X, Wu H, Wei J, Miao R, Zhang Y, Tian J. Research progress on the pharmacological effects of berberine targeting mitochondria. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:982145. [PMID: 36034426 PMCID: PMC9410360 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.982145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine is a natural active ingredient extracted from the rhizome of Rhizoma Coptidis, which interacts with multiple intracellular targets and exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities. Previous studies have preliminarily confirmed that the regulation of mitochondrial activity is related to various pharmacological actions of berberine, such as regulating blood sugar and lipid and inhibiting tumor progression. However, the mechanism of berberine's regulation of mitochondrial activity remains to be further studied. This paper summarizes the molecular mechanism of the mitochondrial quality control system and briefly reviews the targets of berberine in regulating mitochondrial activity. It is proposed that berberine mainly regulates glycolipid metabolism by regulating mitochondrial respiratory chain function, promotes tumor cell apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and protects cardiac function by promoting mitophagy to alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction. It reveals the mechanism of berberine's pharmacological effects from the perspective of mitochondria and provides a scientific basis for the application of berberine in the clinical treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Fang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahua Wei
- Graduate College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Runyu Miao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxing Tian
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaxing Tian,
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17
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Guan PP, Cao LL, Yang Y, Wang P. Calcium Ions Aggravate Alzheimer's Disease Through the Aberrant Activation of Neuronal Networks, Leading to Synaptic and Cognitive Deficits. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:757515. [PMID: 34924952 PMCID: PMC8674839 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.757515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the production and deposition of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau, leading to the formation of β-amyloid plaques (APs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Although calcium ions (Ca2+) promote the formation of APs and NFTs, no systematic review of the mechanisms by which Ca2+ affects the development and progression of AD has been published. Therefore, the current review aimed to fill the gaps between elevated Ca2+ levels and the pathogenesis of AD. Specifically, we mainly focus on the molecular mechanisms by which Ca2+ affects the neuronal networks of neuroinflammation, neuronal injury, neurogenesis, neurotoxicity, neuroprotection, and autophagy. Furthermore, the roles of Ca2+ transporters located in the cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria and lysosome in mediating the effects of Ca2+ on activating neuronal networks that ultimately contribute to the development and progression of AD are discussed. Finally, the drug candidates derived from herbs used as food or seasoning in Chinese daily life are summarized to provide a theoretical basis for improving the clinical treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Guan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Long-Long Cao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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18
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Lou J, Yang X, Shan W, Jin Z, Ding J, Hu Y, Liao Q, Du Q, Xie R, Xu J. Effects of calcium‑permeable ion channels on various digestive diseases in the regulation of autophagy (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:680. [PMID: 34318907 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a process of degradation and catabolism in cells. By removing damaged or dysfunctional organelles, autophagy interacts with the ubiquitin‑proteasome degradation system to jointly regulate cell function and energy homeostasis. Since autophagy plays a key role in physiology, disorders of the autophagy mechanism are associated with various diseases. Therefore, thorough understanding of the autophagy regulatory mechanism are crucially important in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. To date, ion channels may affect the development and treatment of diseases by regulating autophagy, especially calcium‑permeable ion channels, in the process of digestive system diseases. However, the mechanism by which calcium ions and their channels regulate autophagy is still poorly understood, thus emphasizing the need for further research in this field. The present review intends to discuss the association, mechanism and application of calcium ions, their channels and autophagy in the occurrence and development of digestive system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Weixi Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Qiushi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
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19
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Middleton P, Vergis N. Mitochondrial dysfunction and liver disease: role, relevance, and potential for therapeutic modulation. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2021; 14:17562848211031394. [PMID: 34377148 PMCID: PMC8320552 DOI: 10.1177/17562848211031394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key organelles involved in energy production as well as numerous metabolic processes. There is a growing interest in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of common chronic diseases as well as in cancer development. This review will examine the role mitochondria play in the pathophysiology of common liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mitochondrial dysfunction is described widely in the literature in studies examining patient tissue and in disease models. Despite significant differences in pathophysiology between chronic liver diseases, common mitochondrial defects are described, including increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. We review the current literature on mitochondrial-targeted therapies, which have the potential to open new therapeutic avenues in the management of patients with chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikhil Vergis
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
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20
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Liang X, Dang S. Mitochondrial Dynamics Related Genes - MFN1, MFN2 and DRP1 Polymorphisms are Associated with Risk of Lung Cancer. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:695-703. [PMID: 34163214 PMCID: PMC8214204 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s314860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the associations between mitochondrial dynamics related genes -MFN1, MFN2 and DRP1 polymorphisms and risk of lung cancer. Methods Six polymorphisms of MFN1, MFN2 and DRP1 were genotyped in 600 cases and 600 controls using a MassARRAY platform. Results The MFN1 rs13098637-C and DRP1 rs879255689-A alleles were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (prs13098637=0.004, prs879255689=0.005), while MFN2 rs4240897-A and rs2236058-G were related to a decreased risk of disease (p<0.001). The rs13098637-TC/CC and rs879255689-GA/AA were determined as risk genotypes for lung cancer (prs13098637=0.014, prs879255689=0.013), whereas the rs4240897-GA/AA and rs2236058-GG were identified as protective genotypes against lung cancer risk (p<0.001). Genetic model analysis showed that rs13098637 was correlated with an elevated risk of lung cancer in dominant and log-additive models (pdominant=0.007, plog-additive=0.004). Moreover, rs879255689 was associated with an increased risk of disease in all three models (pdominant=0.014, precessive=0.028, plog-additive=0.005). In contrast, rs4240897 and rs2236058 were related to reduced risk of disease in all three models (rs4240897: pall<0.001; rs2236058: pdominant=0.008, precessive<0.001, plog-additive<0.001). In addition, these associations were related to the smoking status and pathological type of lung cancer patients. Conclusion These results shed new light on the association between mitochondrial dynamics related genes and risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengqiang Dang
- Department of Oncology, Chang'an Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710016, People's Republic of China
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21
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Datta S, Jaiswal M. Mitochondrial calcium at the synapse. Mitochondrion 2021; 59:135-153. [PMID: 33895346 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, which serve various purposes, including but not limited to the production of ATP and various metabolites, buffering ions, acting as a signaling hub, etc. In recent years, mitochondria are being seen as the central regulators of cellular growth, development, and death. Since neurons are highly specialized cells with a heavy metabolic demand, it is not surprising that neurons are one of the most mitochondria-rich cells in an animal. At synapses, mitochondrial function and dynamics is tightly regulated by synaptic calcium. Calcium influx during synaptic activity causes increased mitochondrial calcium influx leading to an increased ATP production as well as buffering of synaptic calcium. While increased ATP production is required during synaptic transmission, calcium buffering by mitochondria is crucial to prevent faulty neurotransmission and excitotoxicity. Interestingly, mitochondrial calcium also regulates the mobility of mitochondria within synapses causing mitochondria to halt at the synapse during synaptic transmission. In this review, we summarize the various roles of mitochondrial calcium at the synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Datta
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manish Jaiswal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, India.
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22
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Zou D, Li Z, Lv F, Yang Y, Yang C, Song J, Chen Y, Jin Z, Zhou J, Jiang Y, Ma Y, Jing Z, Tang Y, Zhang Y. Pan-Cancer Analysis of NOS3 Identifies Its Expression and Clinical Relevance in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:592761. [PMID: 33747912 PMCID: PMC7969995 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.592761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:NOS3 (endothelial NOS, eNOS) is a member of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme family, mainly participating in nitric oxide (NO) generation. NOS3 has been reported to inhibit apoptosis and promote angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasiveness. However, the expression pattern of NOS3 and its diagnostic and prognostic potential has not been investigated in a pan-cancer perspective. Methods: Data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) were employed and NOS3 expression was comprehensively analyzed in normal tissues, cancer tissues, and cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections were used to validate the prognostic role of NOS3 in gastric cancer patients. GSVA and GSEA analyses were performed to investigate signaling pathways related to NOS3 expression. Results: In normal tissues, NOS3 was expressed highest in the spleen and lowest in the blood. NOS3 expression was increased in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) and significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients. Immunohistochemical staining validated that NOS3 was an independent prognostic factor of gastric cancer. Several canonical cancer-related pathways were found to be correlated with NOS3 expression in STAD. The expression of NOS3 was related to the response to QS-11 and brivinib in STAD. Conclusions:NOS3 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with STAD. Increased expression of NOS3 influenced occurrence and development of STAD through several canonical cancer-related pathways. Drug response analysis reported drugs to suppress NOS3. NOS3 might be a novel target for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zou
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Lv
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunjiao Yang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jincheng Song
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Lymphoma and Myeloma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Infectious Disease of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zi Jin
- The First Department of Oncology, Shenyang Fifth People's Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanju Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhitao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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23
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Tang J, Duan W, Deng P, Li H, Liu C, Duan Y, Feng M, Xu S. Cadmium disrupts mitochondrial distribution and activates excessive mitochondrial fission by elevating cytosolic calcium independent of MCU-mediated mitochondrial calcium uptake in its neurotoxicity. Toxicology 2021; 453:152726. [PMID: 33617915 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental and occupational pollutant that is considered as a high-risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanism underlying Cd-induced neurotoxicity has not been fully elucidated. Abnormal mitochondrial distribution and excessive mitochondrial fission are increasingly implicated in various neurological pathologies. Herein, by exposing primary cortical neurons to Cd (10 and 100 μM) for various times (0, 6, 12, and 24 h), we observed that the rapid motility of the mitochondria in neurons progressively slowed. Many more mitochondria were transported and distributed to the somas of Cd-treated neurons. Coupled with abnormal mitochondrial distribution, Cd exposure triggered excessive mitochondrial fragmentation, followed by mitochondrial membrane potential loss and neuronal damage. However, BAPTA-AM, a chelator of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]c), significantly attenuated Cd-induced abnormal mitochondrial distribution and excessive mitochondrial fission, which protected against Cd-induced mitochondrial damage and neuronal toxicity. In contrast to the increase in [Ca2+]c, Cd exposure had no effect on the level of mitochondrial calcium ([Ca2+]m). Inhibiting [Ca2+]m uptake, either by ruthenium 360 (Ru360) or by knock-out of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), failed to alleviate Cd-induced mitochondrial damage and neuronal toxicity. Additionally, in MCU knock-out neurons, BAPTA-AM effectively prevented Cd-induced abnormal mitochondrial distribution and excessive mitochondrial fission. Taken together, Cd exposure disrupts mitochondrial distribution and activates excessive mitochondrial fission by elevating [Ca2+]c independent of MCU-mediated mitochondrial calcium uptake, thereby leading to neurotoxicity. Chelating overloaded [Ca2+]c is a promising strategy to prevent the neurotoxicity of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Tang
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixia Duan
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China; Institute of Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Deng
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Liu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China; Institute of Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Duan
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China; Institute of Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China; Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China; Institute of Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Ihenacho UK, Meacham KA, Harwig MC, Widlansky ME, Hill RB. Mitochondrial Fission Protein 1: Emerging Roles in Organellar Form and Function in Health and Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:660095. [PMID: 33841340 PMCID: PMC8027123 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.660095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1) was identified in yeast as being essential for mitochondrial division or fission and subsequently determined to mediate human mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. Yet, its exact functions in humans, especially in regard to mitochondrial fission, remains an enigma as genetic deletion of Fis1 elongates mitochondria in some cell types, but not others. Fis1 has also been identified as an important component of apoptotic and mitophagic pathways suggesting the protein may have multiple, essential roles. This review presents current perspectives on the emerging functions of Fis1 and their implications in human health and diseases, with an emphasis on Fis1's role in both endocrine and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey A. Meacham
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Megan Cleland Harwig
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Michael E. Widlansky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - R. Blake Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: R. Blake Hill,
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25
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Zhang H, Ye Y, Li W. Perspectives of Molecular Therapy-Targeted Mitochondrial Fission in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1039312. [PMID: 33457401 PMCID: PMC7785342 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1039312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Current advances of molecular-targeting therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have improved the overall survival significantly, whereas the results still remain unsatisfied. Recently, much attention has been focused on organelles, such as the mitochondria, to reveal novel strategies to control the cancers. The mitochondria are vital organelles which supply energy and maintain metabolism in most of the eukaryotic cells. They not only execute critical bioenergetic and biosynthetic functions but also regulate ROS homeostasis and apoptosis. Existing in a dynamic equilibrium state, mitochondria constantly undergo the fission and fusion processes in normal situation. Increasing evidences have showed that mitochondrial fission is highly related to the diseases and cancers. Distinctive works have proved the significant effects of mitochondrial fission on HCC behaviors and the crosstalks with other molecular pathways. Here, we provide an overview of the mitochondrial fission and the link with HCC, emphasizing on the underlying molecular pathways and several novel materials that modulate HCC behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yanshuo Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
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26
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Poth V, Knapp ML, Niemeyer BA. STIM proteins at the intersection of signaling pathways. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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27
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Peruzzo R, Costa R, Bachmann M, Leanza L, Szabò I. Mitochondrial Metabolism, Contact Sites and Cellular Calcium Signaling: Implications for Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2574. [PMID: 32927611 PMCID: PMC7564994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that are mainly involved in the generation of ATP by cellular respiration. In addition, they modulate several intracellular functions, ranging from cell proliferation and differentiation to cell death. Importantly, mitochondria are social and can interact with other organelles, such as the Endoplasmic Reticulum, lysosomes and peroxisomes. This symbiotic relationship gives advantages to both partners in regulating some of their functions related to several aspects of cell survival, metabolism, sensitivity to cell death and metastasis, which can all finally contribute to tumorigenesis. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that modulation of the length and/or numbers of these contacts, as well as of the distance between the two engaged organelles, impacts both on their function as well as on cellular signaling. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the field of contacts and communication between mitochondria and other intracellular organelles, focusing on how the tuning of mitochondrial function might impact on both the interaction with other organelles as well as on intracellular signaling in cancer development and progression, with a special focus on calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (R.P.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (I.S.)
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28
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Sun B, Wu L, Wu Y, Zhang C, Qin L, Hayashi M, Kudo M, Gao M, Liu T. Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica and Its Triterpenes: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:568032. [PMID: 33013406 PMCID: PMC7498642 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.568032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Centella asiatica (also known as Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or Gotu kola) is a traditional Chinese medicine with extensive medicinal value, which is commonly used in Southeast Asian countries. This study aimed to summarize the effects of C. asiatica and its main components on neurological diseases, endocrine diseases, skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, immune diseases, and gynecological diseases, as well as potential molecular mechanisms, to study the pathological mechanism of these diseases based on the changes at the molecular level. The results showed that C. asiatica and its triterpenoids had extensive beneficial effects on neurological and skin diseases, which were confirmed through clinical studies. They exhibited anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptotic effects, and improvement in mitochondrial function. However, further clinical studies are urgently required due to the low level of evidence and lack of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boju Sun
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - You Wu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Qin
- Technology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Misa Hayashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Maya Kudo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ming Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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29
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Lin XH, Qiu BQ, Ma M, Zhang R, Hsu SJ, Liu HH, Chen J, Gao DM, Cui JF, Ren ZG, Chen RX. Suppressing DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy increases mitochondrial apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in the setting of hypoxia. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:67. [PMID: 32661251 PMCID: PMC7359348 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-00251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transarterial embolization/transarterial chemoembolization (TAE/TACE) is the acceptable palliative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mainly through ischemic necrosis induced by arterial embolization. However, how HCC cells survive under such ischemic hypoxic condition remains unclear, which can be exploited to potentiate TAE/TACE treatment. We hypothesized that targeting mitophagy can increase HCC cell apoptosis during hypoxia. HCC cells were subjected to hypoxia and then mitophagy was quantified. The role of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in hypoxia-induced HCC mitophagy was determined. Moreover, the synergistic effect of hypoxia and DRP1 inhibitor on HCC apoptosis was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Clinical association between DRP1 expression and outcome for HCC patients was validated. HCC cells that survived hypoxia showed significantly increased DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy compared with cells in normoxia. Hypoxia induced mitophagy in surviving HCC cells by enhancing DRP1 expression and its translocation into the mitochondria and excessive mitochondrial fission into fragments. Blocking the DRP1 heightened the possibility of hypoxic cytotoxicity to HCC cells due to impaired mitophagy and increased the mitochondrial apoptosis, which involved decreased in mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c. Additionally, DRP1 inhibitor Mdivi-1 suppressed the in vivo growth of hypoxia-exposed HCC cells. High expression of DRP1 was significantly associated with shorter survival in HCC patients. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that blocking DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy increases the incidence of mitochondrial apoptosis of HCC cells during hypoxia, suggesting the new approach of targeting mitophagy to potentiate TAE/TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Hui Lin
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Bai-Quan Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Min Ma
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Jung Hsu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Hua Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Mei Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Feng Cui
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Gang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong-Xin Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
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30
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Wang Y, Liu HH, Cao YT, Zhang LL, Huang F, Yi C. The Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitophagy in Carcinogenesis, Metastasis and Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:413. [PMID: 32587855 PMCID: PMC7297908 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key cellular organelles and play vital roles in energy metabolism, apoptosis regulation and cellular homeostasis. Mitochondrial dynamics refers to the varying balance between mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial fusion that plays an important part in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and quality. Mitochondrial malfunction is involved in aging, metabolic disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancers. Mitophagy, a selective autophagy of mitochondria, can efficiently degrade, remove and recycle the malfunctioning or damaged mitochondria, and is crucial for quality control. In past decades, numerous studies have identified a series of factors that regulate mitophagy and are also involved in carcinogenesis, cancer cell migration and death. Therefore, it has become critically important to analyze signal pathways that regulate mitophagy to identify potential therapeutic targets. Here, we review recent progresses in mitochondrial dynamics, the mechanisms of mitophagy regulation, and the implications for understanding carcinogenesis, metastasis, treatment, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Wang
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Hui Liu
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ting Cao
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei-Lei Zhang
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Yi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Liang J, Yang Y, Bai L, Li F, Li E. DRP1 upregulation promotes pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis through increased aerobic glycolysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:885-895. [PMID: 31674061 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial shape is dynamically changed by fusion and fission processes in cells, and dysfunction of this process has become one of the emerging hallmarks of cancer. However, the expression patterns and biological effects of mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins in pancreatic cancer (PC) are still unclear. METHODS The expressions of mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins were first evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis in both PC cell lines and tissue samples. In addition, the biologic functions of the differentially expressed proteins in PC cell growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo and their potential underlying mechanisms were systematically explored. RESULTS We first found that DRP1 was substantially upregulated in PC cell lines and tissue samples mainly due to the downregulation of miR-29a, which contributed to the poor survival of PC patients. DRP1 promoted the growth and metastasis of PC cells both in vitro and in vivo by inducing G1-S cell cycle transition and matrix metalloproteinase 2 secretion. Mechanistic investigations revealed that increased DRP1 upregulation-mediated mitochondrial fission and subsequently enhanced aerobic glycolysis were involved in the promotion of growth and metastasis by DRP1 in PC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that mitochondrial fusion protein DRP1 plays a critical oncogenic role in PC cells by enhancing aerobic glycolysis, which could serve as a novel therapeutic target for PC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Geriatric Respiration, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiping Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Geriatric Respiration, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Enxiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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32
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Identification of mitochondrial toxicants by combined in silico and in vitro studies – A structure-based view on the adverse outcome pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comtox.2020.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Inhibition of Kv10.1 Channels Sensitizes Mitochondria of Cancer Cells to Antimetabolic Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040920. [PMID: 32283712 PMCID: PMC7226288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of energy metabolism constitutes one of the hallmarks of cancer and is, therefore, an emerging therapeutic target. We describe here that the potassium channel Kv10.1, which is frequently overexpressed in primary and metastatic cancer, and has been proposed a therapeutic target, participates in metabolic adaptation of cancer cells through regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. We used biochemical and cell biological techniques, live cell imaging and high-resolution microscopy, among other approaches, to study the impact of Kv10.1 on the regulation of mitochondrial stability. Inhibition of Kv10.1 expression or function led to mitochondrial fragmentation, increase in reactive oxygen species and increased autophagy. Cells with endogenous overexpression of Kv10.1 were also more sensitive to mitochondrial metabolism inhibitors than cells with low expression, indicating that they are more dependent on mitochondrial function. Consistently, a combined therapy using functional monoclonal antibodies for Kv10.1 and mitochondrial metabolism inhibitors resulted in enhanced efficacy of the inhibitors. Our data reveal a new mechanism regulated by Kv10.1 in cancer and a novel strategy to overcome drug resistance in cancers with a high expression of Kv10.1.
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34
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Nunn AVW, Guy GW, Botchway SW, Bell JD. From sunscreens to medicines: Can a dissipation hypothesis explain the beneficial aspects of many plant compounds? Phytother Res 2020; 34:1868-1888. [PMID: 32166791 PMCID: PMC7496984 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Medicine has utilised plant‐based treatments for millennia, but precisely how they work is unclear. One approach is to use a thermodynamic viewpoint that life arose by dissipating geothermal and/or solar potential. Hence, the ability to dissipate energy to maintain homeostasis is a fundamental principle in all life, which can be viewed as an accretion system where layers of complexity have built upon core abiotic molecules. Many of these compounds are chromophoric and are now involved in multiple pathways. Plants have further evolved a plethora of chromophoric compounds that can not only act as sunscreens and redox modifiers, but also have now become integrated into a generalised stress adaptive system. This could be an extension of the dissipative process. In animals, many of these compounds are hormetic, modulating mitochondria and calcium signalling. They can also display anti‐pathogen effects. They could therefore modulate bioenergetics across all life due to the conserved electron transport chain and proton gradient. In this review paper, we focus on well‐described medicinal compounds, such as salicylic acid and cannabidiol and suggest, at least in animals, their activity reflects their evolved function in plants in relation to stress adaptation, which itself evolved to maintain dissipative homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair V W Nunn
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | | | - Stanley W Botchway
- STFC, UKRI & Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Jimmy D Bell
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
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35
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Abstract
Significance: Mitochondria undergo constant morphological changes through fusion, fission, and mitophagy. As the key organelle in cells, mitochondria are responsible for numerous essential cellular functions such as metabolism, regulation of calcium (Ca2+), generation of reactive oxygen species, and initiation of apoptosis. Unsurprisingly, mitochondrial dysfunctions underlie many pathologies including cancer. Recent Advances: Currently, the gold standard for cancer treatment is chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. However, the efficacy of these treatments varies across different cancer cells. It has been suggested that mitochondria may be at the center of these diverse responses. In the past decade, significant advances have been made in understanding distinct types of mitochondrial dysfunctions in cancer. Through investigations of underlying mechanisms, more effective treatment options are developed. Critical Issues: We summarize various mitochondria dysfunctions in cancer progression that have led to the development of therapeutic options. Current mitochondrial-targeted therapies and challenges are discussed. Future Directions: To address the "root" of cancer, utilization of mitochondrial-targeted therapy to target cancer stem cells may be valuable. Investigation of other areas such as mitochondrial trafficking may offer new insights into cancer therapy. Moreover, common antibiotics could be explored as mitocans, and synthetic lethality screens can be utilized to overcome the plasticity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Yao Chiu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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36
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Zhang C, Wang J, Zhu J, Chen Y, Han X. Microcystin-leucine-arginine induced neurotoxicity by initiating mitochondrial fission in hippocampal neurons. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:134702. [PMID: 31753492 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and demonstrate potent acute hippocampal neurotoxicity. Chronic exposure to MC-LR has been confirmed to cause learning and memory deficits in mice, but the potential molecular mechanism of MC-LR-caused neurotoxicity is still unclear. In this research, we observed that MC-LR induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in HT-22 hippocampal neurons. Moreover, further studies identified that MC-LR induced mitochondrial fragmentation via activating Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and Mitochondrial fission factor (Mff), contributing to apoptosis of hippocampal neuronal cells. The observed effects were associated with increased intracellular Ca2+ and reduced activity of protein phosphatases 2A (PP2A) as results of MC-LR exposure in hippocampal neuron cells. Ca2+ activates CaMK II and Akt to enhance phosphorylation of Drp1 at Ser616 residue. Inhibition of PP2A activity increased AMPK activity to mediate phosphorylation of Mff. Our data proved that MC-LR can cause mitochondrial fragmentation in hippocampal neurons, which provides novel perception to explore the underlying molecular mechanism associated with MC-LR-induced neurotoxicity and Alzheimer's disease-like changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changliang Zhang
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jinling Zhu
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yabing Chen
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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37
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Hu X, Sun G, Shi Z, Ni H, Jiang S. Identification and validation of key modules and hub genes associated with the pathological stage of oral squamous cell carcinoma by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8505. [PMID: 32117620 PMCID: PMC7006519 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major lethal malignant cancer of the head and neck region, yet its molecular mechanisms of tumourigenesis are still unclear. Patients and methods We performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on RNA-sequencing data with clinical information obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The relationship between co-expression modules and clinical traits was investigated by Pearson correlation analysis. Furthermore, the prognostic value and expression level of the hub genes of these modules were validated based on data from the TCGA database and other independent datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Human Protein Atlas database. The significant modules and hub genes were also assessed by functional analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results We found that the turquoise module was strongly correlated with pathologic T stage and significantly enriched in critical functions and pathways related to tumourigenesis. PPP1R12B, CFD, CRYAB, FAM189A2 and ANGPTL1 were identified and statistically validated as hub genes in the turquoise module and were closely implicated in the prognosis of OSCC. GSEA indicated that five hub genes were significantly involved in many well-known cancer-related biological functions and signaling pathways. Conclusion In brief, we systematically discovered a co-expressed turquoise module and five hub genes associated with the pathologic T stage for the first time, which provided further insight that WGCNA may reveal the molecular regulatory mechanism involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of OSCC. In addition, the five hub genes may be considered candidate prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for the precise early diagnosis, clinical treatment and prognosis of OSCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guanwen Sun
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Stomatology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Ni
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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38
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Li M, Shao J, Guo Z, Jin C, Wang L, Wang F, Jia Y, Zhu Z, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Zheng S, Wang X. Novel mitochondrion-targeting copper(II) complex induces HK2 malfunction and inhibits glycolysis via Drp1-mediating mitophagy in HCC. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:3091-3107. [PMID: 31994339 PMCID: PMC7077532 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
[Cu(ttpy-tpp)Br2 ]Br (abbreviated as CTB) is a novel mitochondrion-targeting copper(II) complex synthesized by our research group, which contains tri-phenyl-phosphonium (TPP) groups as its lipophilic property. In this study, we explored how CTB affects mitochondrial functions and exerts its anti-tumour activity. Multiple functional and molecular analyses including Seahorse XF Bioanalyzer Platform, Western blot, immunofluorescence analysis, co-immunoprecipitation and transmission electron microscopy were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Human hepatoma cells were subcutaneously injected into right armpit of male nude mice for evaluating the effects of CTB in vivo. We discovered that CTB inhibited aerobic glycolysis and cell acidification by impairing the activity of HK2 in hepatoma cells, accompanied by dissociation of HK2 from mitochondria. The modification of HK2 not only led to the complete dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) but also promoted the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), contributing to the activation of mitophagy. In addition, CTB co-ordinately promoted dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) recruitment in mitochondria to induce mitochondrial fission. Our findings established a previously unrecognized role for copper complex in aerobic glycolysis of tumour cells, revealing the interaction between mitochondrial HK2-mediated mitophagy and Drp1-regulated mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Xuzhou Pharmaceutical Vocational College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhu Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University Of Finance & Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziji Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang Z, Li TE, Chen M, Xu D, Zhu Y, Hu BY, Lin ZF, Pan JJ, Wang X, Wu C, Zheng Y, Lu L, Jia HL, Gao S, Dong QZ, Qin LX. MFN1-dependent alteration of mitochondrial dynamics drives hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by glucose metabolic reprogramming. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:209-220. [PMID: 31819189 PMCID: PMC7052272 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dynamics plays an important role in tumour progression. However, how these dynamics integrate tumour metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis is still unclear. Methods The mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin-1 (MFN1) expression and its prognostic value are detected in HCC. The effects and underlying mechanisms of MFN1 on HCC metastasis and metabolic reprogramming are analysed both in vitro and in vivo. Results Mitochondrial dynamics, represented by constant fission and fusion, are found to be associated with HCC metastasis. High metastatic HCC displays excessive mitochondrial fission. Among genes involved in mitochondrial dynamics, MFN1 is identified as a leading downregulated candidate that is closely associated with HCC metastasis and poor prognosis. While promoting mitochondrial fusion, MFN1 inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration capacity both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, disruption of mitochondrial dynamics by depletion of MFN1 triggers the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC. Moreover, MFN1 modulates HCC metastasis by metabolic shift from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. Treatment with glycolytic inhibitor 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) significantly suppresses the effects induced by depletion of MFN1. Conclusions Our results reveal a critical involvement of mitochondrial dynamics in HCC metastasis via modulating glucose metabolic reprogramming. MFN1 may serve as a novel potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-En Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Yuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Jie Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu-Liang Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qiong-Zhu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lun-Xiu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Mitochondrial fission promotes radiation-induced increase in intracellular Ca 2+ level leading to mitotic catastrophe in mouse breast cancer EMT6 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:144-150. [PMID: 31757415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics are crucial for cellular survival in response to various stresses. Previously, we reported that Drp1 promoted mitochondrial fission after x-irradiation and its inhibition resulted in reduced cellular radiosensitivity and mitotic catastrophe. However, the mechanisms of radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe related to mitochondrial fission remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the involvement of cellular ATP production, ROS generation, and Ca2+ levels in mitotic catastrophe in EMT6 cells. Knockdown of Drp1 and Fis1, which are mitochondrial fission regulators, resulted in elongated mitochondria and significantly attenuated cellular radiosensitivity. Reduced mitochondrial fission mainly decreased mitotic catastrophe rather than necrosis and apoptosis after irradiation. Cellular ATP contents in Drp1 and Fis1 knockdown cells were similar to those in control cells. N-acetylcysteine and 2-glucopyranoside ascorbic acid have no effect on mitotic catastrophe after irradiation. The cellular [Ca2+]i level increased after irradiation, which was completely suppressed by Drp1 and Fis1 inhibition. Furthermore, BAPTA-AM significantly reduced radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe, indicating that cellular Ca2+ is a key mediator of mitotic catastrophe induction after irradiation. These results suggest that mitochondrial fission is associated with radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe via cytosolic Ca2+ regulation.
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41
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Chen QF, Huang T, Si-Tu QJ, Wu P, Shen L, Li W, Huang Z. Analysis of competing endogenous RNA network identifies a poorly differentiated cancer-specific RNA signature for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2303-2317. [PMID: 31642123 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plenty of evidence has suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (PDHCC) is a malignant phenotype. This paper aimed to explore the effect and the underlying regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs on PDHCC as a kind of ceRNA. Additionally, prognosis prediction was assessed. A total of 943 messenger RNAs (mRNAs), 86 miRNAs, and 468 lncRNAs that were differentially expressed between 137 PDHCCs and 235 well-differentiated HCCs were identified. Thereafter, a ceRNA network related to the dysregulated lncRNAs was established according to bioinformatic analysis and included 29 lncRNAs, 9 miRNAs, and 96 mRNAs. RNA-related overall survival (OS) curves were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. The lncRNA ARHGEF7-AS2 was markedly correlated with OS in HCC (P = .041). Moreover, Cox regression analysis revealed that patients with low ARHGEF7-AS2 expression were associated with notably shorter survival time (P = .038). In addition, the area under the curve values of the lncRNA signature for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival were 0.806, 0.741, and 0.701, respectively. Furthermore, a lncRNA nomogram was established, and the C-index of the internal validation was 0.717. In vitro experiments were performed to demonstrate that silencing ARHGEF7-AS2 expression significantly promoted HCC cell proliferation and migration. Taken together, our findings shed more light on the ceRNA network related to lncRNAs in PDHCC, and ARHGEF7-AS2 may be used as an independent biomarker to predict the prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi-Jiao Si-Tu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peihong Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lujun Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zilin Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wang WJ, Guo CA, Li R, Xu ZP, Yu JP, Ye Y, Zhao J, Wang J, Wang WA, Zhang A, Li HT, Wang C, Liu HB. Long non-coding RNA CASC19 is associated with the progression and prognosis of advanced gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5829-5847. [PMID: 31422382 PMCID: PMC6710062 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development and progression of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Using RNA sequencing data and clinical information obtained from The Cancer Gene Atlas, we combined differential lncRNA expression profiling and weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify key lncRNAs associated with AGC progression and prognosis. Cancer susceptibility 19 (CASC19) was the top hub lncRNA among the lncRNAs included in the gene module most significantly correlated with AGC’s pathological variables. CASC19 was upregulated in AGC clinical samples and was significantly associated with higher pathologic TNM stage, pathologic T stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor overall survival. Multivariable Cox analysis confirmed that CASC19 overexpression is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR assay confirmed that CASC19 expression in four human gastric cancer cells (AGS, BGC-823, MGC-803, and HGC-27) was significantly upregulated compared with human normal gastric mucosal epithelial cell line (GES-1). Functionally, CASC19 knockdown inhibited GC cell proliferation and migration in vitro. These findings suggest that CASC19 may be a novel prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for AGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Chang-An Guo
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China.,Department of Emergency, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Peng Xu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Jian-Ping Yu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - Yan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China.,Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - Wen-An Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China.,Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China.,Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, P.R. China
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Delp J, Funke M, Rudolf F, Cediel A, Bennekou SH, van der Stel W, Carta G, Jennings P, Toma C, Gardner I, van de Water B, Forsby A, Leist M. Development of a neurotoxicity assay that is tuned to detect mitochondrial toxicants. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:1585-1608. [PMID: 31190196 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many neurotoxicants affect energy metabolism in man, but currently available test methods may still fail to predict mito- and neurotoxicity. We addressed this issue using LUHMES cells, i.e., human neuronal precursors that easily differentiate into mature neurons. Within the NeuriTox assay, they have been used to screen for neurotoxicants. Our new approach is based on culturing the cells in either glucose or galactose (Glc-Gal-NeuriTox) as the main carbohydrate source during toxicity testing. Using this Glc-Gal-NeuriTox assay, 52 mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial toxicants were tested. The panel of chemicals comprised 11 inhibitors of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I (cI), 4 inhibitors of cII, 8 of cIII, and 2 of cIV; 8 toxicants were included as they are assumed to be mitochondrial uncouplers. In galactose, cells became more dependent on mitochondrial function, which made them 2-3 orders of magnitude more sensitive to various mitotoxicants. Moreover, galactose enhanced the specific neurotoxicity (destruction of neurites) compared to a general cytotoxicity (plasma membrane lysis) of the toxicants. The Glc-Gal-NeuriTox assay worked particularly well for inhibitors of cI and cIII, while the toxicity of uncouplers and non-mitochondrial toxicants did not differ significantly upon glucose ↔ galactose exchange. As a secondary assay, we developed a method to quantify the inhibition of all mitochondrial respiratory chain functions/complexes in LUHMES cells. The combination of the Glc-Gal-NeuriTox neurotoxicity screening assay with the mechanistic follow up of target site identification allowed both, a more sensitive detection of neurotoxicants and a sharper definition of the mode of action of mitochondrial toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Delp
- Chair for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Constance, Germany
- Cooperative Doctorate College InViTe, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Melina Funke
- Chair for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Constance, Germany
| | - Franziska Rudolf
- Chair for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Constance, Germany
| | - Andrea Cediel
- Swetox Unit for Toxicological Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Wanda van der Stel
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Giada Carta
- Division of Molecular and Computational Toxicology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Jennings
- Division of Molecular and Computational Toxicology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cosimo Toma
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via la Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Bob van de Water
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Forsby
- Swetox Unit for Toxicological Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcel Leist
- Chair for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Constance, Germany.
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Romero-Garcia S, Prado-Garcia H. Mitochondrial calcium: Transport and modulation of cellular processes in homeostasis and cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1155-1167. [PMID: 30720054 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their role in providing cellular energy, mitochondria fulfill a key function in cellular calcium management. The present review provides an integrative view of cellular and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, and discusses how calcium regulates mitochondrial dynamics and functionality, thus affecting various cellular processes. Calcium crosstalk exists in the domain created between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, which is known as the mitochondria‑associated membrane (MAM), and controls cellular homeostasis. Calcium signaling participates in numerous biochemical and cellular processes, where calcium concentration, temporality and durability are part of a regulated, finely tuned interplay in non‑transformed cells. In addition, cancer cells modify their MAMs, which consequently affects calcium homeostasis to support mesenchymal transformation, migration, invasiveness, metastasis and autophagy. Alterations in calcium homeostasis may also support resistance to apoptosis, which is a serious problem facing current chemotherapeutic treatments. Notably, mitochondrial dynamics are also affected by mitochondrial calcium concentration to promote cancer survival responses. Dysregulated levels of mitochondrial calcium, alongside other signals, promote mitoflash generation in tumor cells, and an increased frequency of mitoflashes may induce epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition. Therefore, cancer cells remodel their calcium balance through numerous mechanisms that support their survival and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Romero-Garcia
- Department of Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosío Villegas', CP 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Heriberto Prado-Garcia
- Department of Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosío Villegas', CP 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
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45
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Wu Q, Patocka J, Kuca K. Beauvericin, A Fusarium Mycotoxin: Anticancer Activity, Mechanisms, and Human Exposure Risk Assessment. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:206-214. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180928161808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Beauvericin (BEA) is a cyclic hexadepsipeptide, which derives from Cordyceps cicadae. It is also produced by Fusarium species, which are parasitic to maize, wheat, rice and other important commodities. BEA increases ion permeability in biological membranes by forming a complex with essential cations, which may affect ionic homeostasis. Its ion-complexing capability allows BEA to transport alkaline earth metal and alkali metal ions across cell membranes. Importantly, increasing lines of evidence show that BEA has an anticancer effect and can be potentially used in cancer therapeutics. Normally, BEA performs the anticancer effect due to the induced cancer cell apoptosis via a reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway. Moreover, BEA increases the intracellular Ca2+ levels and subsequently regulates the activity of a series of signalling pathways including MAPK, JAK/STAT, and NF-κB, and finally causes cancer cell apoptosis. In vivo studies further show that BEA reduces tumour volumes and weights. BEA especially targets differentiated and invasive cancer types. Currently, the anticancer activity of BEA is a hot topic; however, there is no review article to discuss the anticancer activity of BEA. Therefore, in this review, we have mainly summarized the anticancer activity of BEA and thoroughly discussed its underlying mechanisms. In addition, the human exposure risk assessment of BEA is also discussed. We hope that this review will provide further information for understanding the anticancer mechanisms of BEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Jiri Patocka
- Institute of Radiology, Toxicology and Civil Protection, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Najafi M, Salehi E, Farhood B, Nashtaei MS, Hashemi Goradel N, Khanlarkhani N, Namjoo Z, Mortezaee K. Adjuvant chemotherapy with melatonin for targeting human cancers: A review. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2356-2372. [PMID: 30192001 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone that has long been known for its antitumoral effects. An advantage of the application of melatonin in cancer therapy is its ability to differentially influence tumors from normal cells. In this review, the roles of melatonin adjuvant therapy in human cancer are discussed. Combination of melatonin with chemotherapy could provide synergistic antitumoral outcomes and resolve drug resistance in affected patients. This combination reduces the dosage for chemotherapeutic agents with the subsequent attenuation of side effects related to these drugs on normal cells around tumor and on healthy organs. The combination therapy increases the rate of survival and improves the quality of life in affected patients. Cancer cell viability is reduced after application of the combinational melatonin therapy. Melatonin does all these functions by adjusting the signals involved in cancer progression, re-establishing the dark/light circadian rhythm, and disrupting the redox system for cancer cells. To achieve effective therapeutic outcomes, melatonin concentration along with the time of incubation for this indoleamine needs to be adjusted. Importantly, a special focus is required to be made on choosing an appropriate chemotherapy agent for using in combination with melatonin. Because of different sensitivities of cancer cells for melatonin combination therapy, cancer-specific targeted therapy is also needed to be considered. For this review, the PubMed database was searched for relevant articles based on the quality of journals, the novelty of articles published by the journals, and the number of citations per year focusing only on human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Eniseh Salehi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Shabani Nashtaei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Infertility Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Hashemi Goradel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Khanlarkhani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Namjoo
- Department of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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47
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Detecting Differentially Variable MicroRNAs via Model-Based Clustering. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:6591634. [PMID: 30116730 PMCID: PMC6079429 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6591634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying differentially variable (DV) genomic probes is becoming a new approach to detect novel genomic risk factors for complex human diseases. The F test is the standard equal-variance test in statistics. For high-throughput genomic data, the probe-wise F test has been successfully used to detect biologically relevant DNA methylation marks that have different variances between two groups of subjects (e.g., cases versus controls). In addition to DNA methylation, microRNA (miRNA) is another important mechanism of epigenetics. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have identified DV miRNAs. In this article, we proposed a novel model-based clustering method to improve the power of the probe-wise F test to detect DV miRNAs. We imposed special structures on covariance matrices for each cluster of miRNAs based on the prior information about the relationship between variances in cases and controls and about the independence among them. Simulation studies showed that the proposed method seems promising in detecting DV probes. Based on two real datasets about human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we identified 7 DV-only miRNAs (hsa-miR-1826, hsa-miR-191, hsa-miR-194-star, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-502-3p, hsa-miR-93, and hsa-miR-99b) using the proposed method, one (hsa-miR-1826) of which has not yet been reported to be related to HCC in the literature.
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Hu X, Qiu Z, Zeng J, Xiao T, Ke Z, Lyu H. A novel long non-coding RNA, AC012456.4, as a valuable and independent prognostic biomarker of survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5307. [PMID: 30128179 PMCID: PMC6095106 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major malignant cancer of the head and neck. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators during the development and progression of cancers. This study aimed to identify a lncRNA-related signature with prognostic value for evaluating survival outcomes and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of OSCC. Associations between overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and candidate lncRNAs were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. The robustness of the prognostic significance was shown via the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A total of 2,493 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between OSCC and control samples (fold change >2, p < 0.05). We used Kaplan–Meier survival analysis to identify 21 lncRNAs for which the expression levels were associated with OS and DFS of OSCC patients (p < 0.05) and found that down-expression of lncRNA AC012456.4 especially contributed to poor DFS (p = 0.00828) and OS (p = 0.00987). Furthermore, decreased expression of AC012456.4 was identified as an independent prognostic risk factor through multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses (DFS: p = 0.004, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.600, 95% confidence interval(CI) [0.423–0.851]; OS: p = 0.002, HR = 0.672, 95% CI [0.523–0.863). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) indicated that lncRNA AC012456.4 were significantly enriched in critical biological functions and pathways and was correlated with tumorigenesis, such as regulation of cell activation, and the JAK-STAT and MAPK signal pathway. Overall, these findings were the first to evidence that AC012456.4 may be an important novel molecular target with great clinical value as a diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic biomarker for OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang Hu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zailing Qiu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianchai Zeng
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Ke
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongbing Lyu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Sun X, Cao H, Zhan L, Yin C, Wang G, Liang P, Li J, Wang Z, Liu B, Huang Q, Xing J. Mitochondrial fission promotes cell migration by Ca 2+ /CaMKII/ERK/FAK pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2018; 38:1263-1272. [PMID: 29210177 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mitochondrial dynamics of fission and fusion plays critical roles in a diverse range of important cellular functions, and its deregulation has been increasingly implicated in human diseases. Previous studies have shown that increased mitochondrial fission significantly promoted the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, how they influence the migration of tumour cells remained largely unknown. METHODS In the present study, we further investigated the effect of mitochondrial fission on the migration and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Moreover, the underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic application were explored. RESULTS Our data showed that dynamin-1-like protein expression was strongly increased in distant metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma when compared to primary hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast, the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 1 showed an opposite trend. Moreover, the expression of dynamin-1-like protein and mitofusin 1 was significantly associated with the disease-free survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. In addition, our data further showed that mitochondrial fission significantly promoted the reprogramming of focal-adhesion dynamics and lamellipodia formation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells mainly by activating typical Ca2+ /CaMKII/ERK/FAK pathway. Importantly, treatment with mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 significantly decreased calcium signalling in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and had a potential treatment effect for hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings demonstrate that mitochondrial fission plays a critical role in the regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration, which provides strong evidence for this process as a drug target in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiacheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haiyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingrong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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50
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Mortezaee K. Human hepatocellular carcinoma: Protection by melatonin. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6486-6508. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
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