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Yang H, Luo X, Wang X, Peng Y, Li Z, He Y, Cong J, Xie T, Zhang W. The PP2A inhibitor LB-100 mitigates lupus nephritis by suppressing tertiary lymphoid structure formation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176703. [PMID: 38839028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ involvement and autoantibody production. Patients with SLE face a substantial risk of developing lupus nephritis (LN), which imposes a substantial burden on both patients and their families. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a widely distributed serine/threonine phosphatase that participates in regulating multiple signaling pathways. Inhibition of PP2A has been implicated in the treatment of various diseases. LB-100, a small molecule inhibitor of PP2A, has demonstrated anti-tumor therapeutic effects and high safety profile in preclinical experiments. However, the role of PP2A and its inhibitor has been insufficiently studied in LN. In this study, we assessed the potential effects of LB-100 in both MRL/lpr mice and R848-induced BALB/c mice. Our findings indicated that LB-100 administration led to reduced spleen enlargement, decreased deposition of immune complexes, ameliorated renal damage, and improved kidney function in both spontaneous and R848-induced lupus mouse models. Importantly, we observed the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in the kidneys of two distinct lupus mouse models. The levels of signature genes of TLS were elevated in the kidneys of lupus mice, whereas LB-100 mitigated chemokine production and inhibited TLS formation. In addition, we confirmed that inhibition or knockdown of PP2A reduced the production of T cell-related chemokines by renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC). In summary, our study highlighted the renal protective potential of the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 in two distinct lupus mouse models, suggesting its potential as a novel strategy for treating LN and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiaoyu Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Medical Metabolomics International Collaborative Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhilan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yifei He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jing Cong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tingting Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Medical Metabolomics International Collaborative Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Weiru Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Medical Metabolomics International Collaborative Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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2
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Clark MC, Lu RO, Ho WS, Dias MH, Bernards R, Forman SJ. A combination of protein phosphatase 2A inhibition and checkpoint immunotherapy: a perfect storm. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38932511 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a potent new tool in the war on cancer. However, only a subset of cancer patients benefit from this therapeutic modality, sparking a search for combination therapies to increase the fraction of responding patients. We argue here that inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a promising approach to increase responses to immune checkpoint blockade and other therapies that rely on the presence of tumor-reactive T cells. Inhibition of PP2A increases neoantigen expression on tumor cells, activates the cGAS/STING pathway, suppresses regulatory T cells, and increases cytotoxic T cell activation. In preclinical models, inhibition of PP2A synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade and emerging evidence indicates that patients who have tumors with mutations in PP2A respond better to immune checkpoint blockade. Therefore, inhibition of PP2A activity may be an effective way to sensitize cancer cells to immune checkpoint blockade and cell-based therapies using tumor-reactive T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Clark
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Clinical and Translational Project Development, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Rongze Olivia Lu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Winson S Ho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matheus Henrique Dias
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen J Forman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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3
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Fonódi M, Nagy L, Boratkó A. Role of Protein Phosphatases in Tumor Angiogenesis: Assessing PP1, PP2A, PP2B and PTPs Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6868. [PMID: 38999976 PMCID: PMC11241275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels to support tumor growth and metastasis, is a complex process regulated by a multitude of signaling pathways. Dysregulation of signaling pathways involving protein kinases has been extensively studied, but the role of protein phosphatases in angiogenesis within the tumor microenvironment remains less explored. However, among angiogenic pathways, protein phosphatases play critical roles in modulating signaling cascades. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the involvement of protein phosphatases in tumor angiogenesis, highlighting their diverse functions and mechanisms of action. Protein phosphatases are key regulators of cellular signaling pathways by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of proteins, thereby modulating their activity and function. This review aims to assess the activity of the protein tyrosine phosphatases and serine/threonine phosphatases. These phosphatases exert their effects on angiogenic signaling pathways through various mechanisms, including direct dephosphorylation of angiogenic receptors and downstream signaling molecules. Moreover, protein phosphatases also crosstalk with other signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis, further emphasizing their significance in regulating tumor vascularization, including endothelial cell survival, sprouting, and vessel maturation. In conclusion, this review underscores the pivotal role of protein phosphatases in tumor angiogenesis and accentuate their potential as therapeutic targets for anti-angiogenic therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita Boratkó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.F.); (L.N.)
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4
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Qi Y, Li L, Wei Y, Ma F. PP2A as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer: Current insights and future perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116398. [PMID: 38458011 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most prevalent malignancy worldwide; however, therapeutic efficacy is far from satisfactory. To alleviate the burden of this disease, it is imperative to discover novel mechanisms and treatment strategies. Protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) comprises a family of mammalian serine/threonine phosphatases that regulate many cellular processes. PP2A is dysregulated in several human diseases, including oncological pathologies, and plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of tumours. The role of PP2A as a tumour suppressor has been extensively studied, and its regulation can serve as a target for anticancer therapy. Recent studies have shown that PP2A is a tumour promotor. PP2A-mediated anticancer therapy may involve two opposing mechanisms: activation and inhibition. In general, the contradictory roles of PP2A should not be overlooked, and more work is needed to determine the molecular mechanism by which PP2A affects in tumours. In this review, the literature on the role of PP2A in tumours, especially in breast cancer, was analysed. This review describes relevant targets of breast cancer, such as cell cycle control, DNA damage responses, epidermal growth factor receptor, immune modulation and cell death resistance, which may lead to effective therapeutic strategies or influence drug development in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Qi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Pan jia yuan nan Road 17, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lixi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Pan jia yuan nan Road 17, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuhan Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Pan jia yuan nan Road 17, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Pan jia yuan nan Road 17, Beijing 100021, China.
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Elguindy M, Young JS, Mondal I, Lu RO, Ho WS. Glioma-Immune Cell Crosstalk in Tumor Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:308. [PMID: 38254796 PMCID: PMC10813573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma progression is a complex process controlled by molecular factors that coordinate the crosstalk between tumor cells and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Among these, immune cells play a critical role in cancer survival and progression. The complex interplay between cancer cells and the immune TME influences the outcome of immunotherapy and other anti-cancer therapies. Here, we present an updated view of the pro- and anti-tumor activities of the main myeloid and lymphocyte cell populations in the glioma TME. We review the underlying mechanisms involved in crosstalk between cancer cells and immune cells that enable gliomas to evade the immune system and co-opt these cells for tumor growth. Lastly, we discuss the current and experimental therapeutic options being developed to revert the immunosuppressive activity of the glioma TME. Knowledge of the complex interplay that elapses between tumor and immune cells may help develop new combination treatments able to overcome tumor immune evasion mechanisms and enhance response to immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Winson S. Ho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Andersen MS, Kofoed MS, Paludan-Müller AS, Pedersen CB, Mathiesen T, Mawrin C, Wirenfeldt M, Kristensen BW, Olsen BB, Halle B, Poulsen FR. Meningioma animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:764. [PMID: 37898750 PMCID: PMC10612271 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models are widely used to study pathological processes and drug (side) effects in a controlled environment. There is a wide variety of methods available for establishing animal models depending on the research question. Commonly used methods in tumor research include xenografting cells (established/commercially available or primary patient-derived) or whole tumor pieces either orthotopically or heterotopically and the more recent genetically engineered models-each type with their own advantages and disadvantages. The current systematic review aimed to investigate the meningioma model types used, perform a meta-analysis on tumor take rate (TTR), and perform critical appraisal of the included studies. The study also aimed to assess reproducibility, reliability, means of validation and verification of models, alongside pros and cons and uses of the model types. METHODS We searched Medline, Embase, and Web of Science for all in vivo meningioma models. The primary outcome was tumor take rate. Meta-analysis was performed on tumor take rate followed by subgroup analyses on the number of cells and duration of incubation. The validity of the tumor models was assessed qualitatively. We performed critical appraisal of the methodological quality and quality of reporting for all included studies. RESULTS We included 114 unique records (78 using established cell line models (ECLM), 21 using primary patient-derived tumor models (PTM), 10 using genetically engineered models (GEM), and 11 using uncategorized models). TTRs for ECLM were 94% (95% CI 92-96) for orthotopic and 95% (93-96) for heterotopic. PTM showed lower TTRs [orthotopic 53% (33-72) and heterotopic 82% (73-89)] and finally GEM revealed a TTR of 34% (26-43). CONCLUSION This systematic review shows high consistent TTRs in established cell line models and varying TTRs in primary patient-derived models and genetically engineered models. However, we identified several issues regarding the quality of reporting and the methodological approach that reduce the validity, transparency, and reproducibility of studies and suggest a high risk of publication bias. Finally, each tumor model type has specific roles in research based on their advantages (and disadvantages). SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO-ID CRD42022308833.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Schou Andersen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
- BRIDGE (Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel Seremet Kofoed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- BRIDGE (Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Asger Sand Paludan-Müller
- Nordic Cochrane Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Odense (CEBMO) and NHTA: Market Access & Health Economics Consultancy, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Bonde Pedersen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- BRIDGE (Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tiit Mathiesen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Department of Neuropathology, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Wirenfeldt
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Biology, Hospital South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Birgitte Brinkmann Olsen
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Bo Halle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- BRIDGE (Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Frantz Rom Poulsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- BRIDGE (Brain Research - Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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7
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Feng Y, Massarelli E, Forman E, Kovach JS, Salgia R, Synold TW. An LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of LB-100 and its active metabolite, endothall, in human plasma. Bioanalysis 2023; 15:1095-1107. [PMID: 37584370 PMCID: PMC10505989 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed and validated a novel LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of LB-100 and its active metabolite, endothall, in human plasma following solid-phase extraction. LB-105 and endothall-D6 were used as internal standards. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Hypercarb™ column using 5 mM (NH4)2CO3 and 30:70 (v/v) 100 mM (NH4)2CO3:acetonitrile as mobile phases. Detection was performed via positive electrospray ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring. The assay exhibited linearity in the concentration range of 2.5-500 ng/ml for both analytes. Intra- and inter-assay precision and accuracy were within ±11%. LB-100 and endothall recoveries were 78.7 and 86.7%, respectively. The validated LC-MS/MS method enabled the accurate measurement of LB-100 and endothall in patient samples from an ongoing clinical trial (NCT04560972).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Erminia Massarelli
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Eric Forman
- LIXTE Biotechnology, Inc. 680 E Colorado Blvd, Suite 180, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - John S Kovach
- LIXTE Biotechnology, Inc. 680 E Colorado Blvd, Suite 180, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Timothy W Synold
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Yu H, Zaveri S, Sattar Z, Schaible M, Perez Gandara B, Uddin A, McGarvey LR, Ohlmeyer M, Geraghty P. Protein Phosphatase 2A as a Therapeutic Target in Pulmonary Diseases. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1552. [PMID: 37763671 PMCID: PMC10535831 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
New disease targets and medicinal chemistry approaches are urgently needed to develop novel therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that reduced activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a complex heterotrimeric enzyme that regulates dephosphorylation of serine and threonine residues from many proteins, is observed in multiple pulmonary diseases, including lung cancer, smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, asthma, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Loss of PP2A responses is linked to many mechanisms associated with disease progressions, such as senescence, proliferation, inflammation, corticosteroid resistance, enhanced protease responses, and mRNA stability. Therefore, chemical restoration of PP2A may represent a novel treatment for these diseases. This review outlines the potential impact of reduced PP2A activity in pulmonary diseases, endogenous and exogenous inhibitors of PP2A, details the possible PP2A-dependent mechanisms observed in these conditions, and outlines potential therapeutic strategies for treatment. Substantial medicinal chemistry efforts are underway to develop therapeutics targeting PP2A activity. The development of specific activators of PP2A that selectively target PP2A holoenzymes could improve our understanding of the function of PP2A in pulmonary diseases. This may lead to the development of therapeutics for restoring normal PP2A responses within the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Yu
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (Z.S.); (M.S.); (B.P.G.); (A.U.); (L.R.M.)
| | - Sahil Zaveri
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (Z.S.); (M.S.); (B.P.G.); (A.U.); (L.R.M.)
| | - Zeeshan Sattar
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (Z.S.); (M.S.); (B.P.G.); (A.U.); (L.R.M.)
| | - Michael Schaible
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (Z.S.); (M.S.); (B.P.G.); (A.U.); (L.R.M.)
| | - Brais Perez Gandara
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (Z.S.); (M.S.); (B.P.G.); (A.U.); (L.R.M.)
| | - Anwar Uddin
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (Z.S.); (M.S.); (B.P.G.); (A.U.); (L.R.M.)
| | - Lucas R. McGarvey
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (Z.S.); (M.S.); (B.P.G.); (A.U.); (L.R.M.)
| | | | - Patrick Geraghty
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (Z.S.); (M.S.); (B.P.G.); (A.U.); (L.R.M.)
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Mondal I, Das O, Sun R, Gao J, Yu B, Diaz A, Behnan J, Dubey A, Meng Z, Eskandar E, Xu B, Lu RO, Ho WS. PP2Ac Deficiency Enhances Tumor Immunogenicity by Activating STING-Type I Interferon Signaling in Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2527-2542. [PMID: 37219874 PMCID: PMC10525036 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunologically "cold" tumor that does not respond to current immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate a fundamental role for the α-isoform of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase-2A (PP2Ac) in regulating glioma immunogenicity. Genetic ablation of PP2Ac in glioma cells enhanced double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) production and cGAS-type I IFN signaling, MHC-I expression, and tumor mutational burden. In coculture experiments, PP2Ac deficiency in glioma cells promoted dendritic cell (DC) cross-presentation and clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells. In vivo, PP2Ac depletion sensitized tumors to immune-checkpoint blockade and radiotherapy treatment. Single-cell analysis demonstrated that PP2Ac deficiency increased CD8+ T-cell, natural killer cell, and DC accumulation and reduced immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages. Furthermore, loss of PP2Ac increased IFN signaling in myeloid and tumor cells and reduced expression of a tumor gene signature associated with worse patient survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Collectively, this study establishes a novel role for PP2Ac in inhibiting dsDNA-cGAS-STING signaling to suppress antitumor immunity in glioma. SIGNIFICANCE PP2Ac deficiency promotes cGAS-STING signaling in glioma to induce a tumor-suppressive immune microenvironment, highlighting PP2Ac as a potential therapeutic target to enhance tumor immunogenicity and improve response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Mondal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Oishika Das
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Raymond Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Bohyeon Yu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Diaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jinan Behnan
- The Leo M. Davidoff Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Abhishek Dubey
- The Leo M. Davidoff Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Emad Eskandar
- The Leo M. Davidoff Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Beisi Xu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rongze Olivia Lu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Winson S. Ho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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10
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Biswas H, Makinwa Y, Zou Y. Novel Cellular Functions of ATR for Therapeutic Targeting: Embryogenesis to Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11684. [PMID: 37511442 PMCID: PMC10380702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is recognized as having an important role in cancer growth and treatment. ATR (ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related) kinase, a major regulator of DDR, has shown significant therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. ATR inhibitors have shown anti-tumor effectiveness, not just as monotherapies but also in enhancing the effects of standard chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy. The biological basis of ATR is examined in this review, as well as its functional significance in the development and therapy of cancer, and the justification for inhibiting this target as a therapeutic approach, including an assessment of the progress and status of previous decades' development of effective and selective ATR inhibitors. The current applications of these inhibitors in preclinical and clinical investigations as single medicines or in combination with chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy are also fully reviewed. This review concludes with some insights into the many concerns highlighted or identified with ATR inhibitors in both the preclinical and clinical contexts, as well as potential remedies proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue Zou
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (H.B.); (Y.M.)
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11
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Khan M, Hanna C, Findlay M, Lucke-Wold B, Karsy M, Jensen RL. Modeling Meningiomas: Optimizing Treatment Approach. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2023; 34:479-492. [PMID: 37210136 DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical meningioma models offer a setting to test molecular mechanisms of tumor development and targeted treatment options but historically have been challenging to generate. Few spontaneous tumor models in rodents have been established, but cell culture and in vivo rodent models have emerged along with artificial intelligence, radiomics, and neural networks to differentiate the clinical heterogeneity of meningiomas. We reviewed 127 studies using PRISMA guideline methodology, including laboratory and animal studies, that addressed preclinical modeling. Our evaluation identified that meningioma preclinical models provide valuable molecular insight into disease progression and effective chemotherapeutic and radiation approaches for specific tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Khan
- Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Chadwin Hanna
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew Findlay
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Michael Karsy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
| | - Randy L Jensen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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12
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Li G, Liu J, Guo M, Gu Y, Guan Y, Shao Q, Ma W, Ji X. Chronic hypoxia leads to cognitive impairment by promoting HIF-2α-mediated ceramide catabolism and alpha-synuclein hyperphosphorylation. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:473. [PMID: 36450714 PMCID: PMC9712431 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia leads to irreversible cognitive impairment, primarily due to hippocampal neurodegeneration, for which the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. We administered hypoxia (13%) to C57BL mice for 1-14 days in this study. Chronic hypoxia for 7 or 14 d, but not 1 or 3 d, resulted in alpha-synuclein hyperphosphorylation at serine129 (α-Syn p-S129) and protein aggregation, hippocampal neurodegeneration, and cognitive deficits, whereas the latter could be prevented by alpha-synuclein knockdown or an administered short peptide competing at α-Syn S129. These results suggest that α-Syn p-S129 mediates hippocampal degeneration and cognitive impairment following chronic hypoxia. Furthermore, we found that chronic hypoxia enhanced ceramide catabolism by inducing hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α and HIF-2α-dependent transcriptional activation of alkaline ceramidase 2 (Acer2). Thus, the enzymatic activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a specific phosphatase for α-syn, is inhibited, leading to the sustained induction of α-Syn p-S129. Finally, we found that intermittent hypoxic preconditioning protected against subsequent chronic hypoxia-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment by preventing α-Syn p-S129. These results proved the critical role of α-syn pathology in chronic hypoxia-afforded cognitive impairment and revealed a novel mechanism underlying α-syn hyperphosphorylation during chronic hypoxia. The findings bear implications in developing novel therapeutic interventions for chronic hypoxia-related brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaifen Li
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyuan Guo
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yakun Gu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Guan
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Shao
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ma
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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13
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Ronk H, Rosenblum JS, Kung T, Zhuang Z. Targeting PP2A for cancer therapeutic modulation. Cancer Biol Med 2022; 19:1428-1439. [PMID: 36342229 PMCID: PMC9630519 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatases play essential roles as negative regulators of kinases and signaling cascades involved in cytoskeletal organization. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is highly conserved and is the predominant serine/threonine phosphatase in the nervous system, constituting more than 70% of all neuronal phosphatases. PP2A is involved in diverse regulatory functions, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Although PP2A has historically been identified as a tumor suppressor, inhibition of PP2A has paradoxically demonstrated potential as a therapeutic target for various cancers. LB100, a water-soluble, small-molecule competitive inhibitor of PP2A, has shown particular promise as a chemo- and radio-sensitizing agent. Preclinical success has led to a profusion of clinical trials on LB100 adjuvant therapies, including a phase I trial in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer, a phase I/II trial in myelodysplastic syndrome, a phase II trial in recurrent glioblastoma, and a completed phase I trial assessing the safety of LB100 and docetaxel in various relapsed solid tumors. Herein, we review the development of LB100, the role of PP2A in cancer biology, and recent advances in targeting PP2A inhibition in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halle Ronk
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jared S. Rosenblum
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Timothy Kung
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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14
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Hu B, Hao S, Miao Y, Deng Y, Wang J, Wan H, Zhang S, Ji N, Feng J. Inhibiting PP2A Upregulates B7-H3 Expression and Potentially Increases the Sensitivity of Malignant Meningiomas to Immunotherapy by Proteomics. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610572. [PMID: 36203966 PMCID: PMC9530036 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Malignant meningiomas have a high mortality rate and short survival time and currently have no effective treatment. In our study, proteomics analysis was performed to identify highly expressed proteins as therapeutic targets in malignant meningiomas. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were performed to verify the effect of LB-100 on the growth of malignant meningiomas. In addition, immunoblotting was used to verify the expression of B7-H3 and phosphorylation of STAT1 (Tyr701) in tissues and cells. Our results show that STAT1 and CD276 (B7-H3) regulated by PP2A were enriched in GO_IMMUNE_EFFECTOR_PROCESS and GO_REGULATION_OF_IMMUNE_SYSTEM_PROCESS. The immunotherapy target protein B7-H3 was confirmed to be upregulated in malignant meningiomas compared with meningothelial (p = 0.0001) and fibroblastic (p = 0.0046) meningiomas. In vitro, the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 suppressed the growth and invasion of malignant meningioma cells. Notably, the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 increased the phosphorylation of STAT1, thereby increasing the expression of the immune checkpoint protein B7-H3 in malignant meningioma cells in vitro. In conclusion, B7-H3 was found to be upregulated in malignant meningiomas. The PP2A inhibitor LB-100 increased the phosphorylation of STAT1 and B7-H3 expression, which could increase the sensitivity of malignant meningiomas to B7-H3 targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Hu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyu Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhou Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Wan
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Chen Y, Zhao Y, Yang X, Ren X, Huang S, Gong S, Tan X, Li J, He S, Li Y, Hong X, Li Q, Ding C, Fang X, Ma J, Liu N. USP44 regulates irradiation-induced DNA double-strand break repair and suppresses tumorigenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nat Commun 2022; 13:501. [PMID: 35079021 PMCID: PMC8789930 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the primary treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and approximately 20% of patients experience treatment failure due to tumour radioresistance. However, the exact regulatory mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the deubiquitinase USP44 is hypermethylated in NPC, which results in its downregulation. USP44 enhances the sensitivity of NPC cells to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. USP44 recruits and stabilizes the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25 by removing its K48-linked polyubiquitin chains at Lys439, which further facilitates the degradation of Ku80 and inhibits its recruitment to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), thus enhancing DNA damage and inhibiting DNA repair via non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Knockout of TRIM25 reverses the radiotherapy sensitization effect of USP44. Clinically, low expression of USP44 indicates a poor prognosis and facilitates tumour relapse in NPC patients. This study suggests the USP44-TRIM25-Ku80 axis provides potential therapeutic targets for NPC patients. Radiotherapy is the mainstay treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here the authors show that the deubiquitinase, USP44, increases radiosensitivity of NPC cells by promoting the degradation of Ku80, and thus enhancing the levels of DNA damage.
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16
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Nakano T, Fujimoto K, Tomiyama A, Takahashi M, Achiha T, Arita H, Kawauchi D, Yasukawa M, Masutomi K, Kondo A, Narita Y, Maehara T, Ichimura K. Eribulin prolongs survival in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model of malignant meningioma. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:697-708. [PMID: 34839570 PMCID: PMC8819309 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningioma is the most common intracranial tumor, with generally favorable patient prognosis. However, patients with malignant meningioma typically experience recurrence, undergo multiple surgical resections, and ultimately have a poor prognosis. Thus far, effective chemotherapy for malignant meningiomas has not been established. We recently reported the efficacy of eribulin (Halaven) for glioblastoma with a telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation. This study investigated the anti–tumor effect of eribulin against TERT promoter mutation‐harboring human malignant meningioma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Two meningioma cell lines, IOMM‐Lee and HKBMM, were used in this study. The strong inhibition of cell proliferation by eribulin via cell cycle arrest was demonstrated through viability assay and flow cytometry. Apoptotic cell death in malignant meningioma cell lines was determined through vital dye assay and immunoblotting. Moreover, a wound healing assay revealed the suppression of tumor cell migration after eribulin exposure. Intraperitoneal administration of eribulin significantly prolonged the survival of orthotopic xenograft mouse models of both malignant meningioma cell lines implanted in the subdural space (P < .0001). Immunohistochemistry confirmed apoptosis in brain tumor tissue treated with eribulin. Overall, these results suggest that eribulin is a potential therapeutic agent for malignant meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Nakano
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Brain Disease Translational Research, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Fujimoto
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Arata Tomiyama
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Brain Disease Translational Research, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masamichi Takahashi
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takamune Achiha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Arita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawauchi
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mami Yasukawa
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenkichi Masutomi
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Kondo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Narita
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Maehara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Ichimura
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Brain Disease Translational Research, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Yamamoto M, Sanomachi T, Suzuki S, Togashi K, Sugai A, Seino S, Sato A, Okada M, Kitanaka C. Gemcitabine radiosensitization primes irradiated malignant meningioma cells for senolytic elimination by navitoclax. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab148. [PMID: 34765973 PMCID: PMC8577526 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant meningioma is an aggressive tumor that requires adjuvant radiotherapy after surgery, yet there has been no standard systemic therapy established so far. We recently reported that malignant meningioma cells are highly sensitive to gemcitabine; however, it remains unknown whether or how gemcitabine interacts with ionizing radiation (IR) in malignant meningioma cells. Methods We examined the radiosensitization effects of gemcitabine using malignant meningioma cell lines and xenografts and explored the underlying mechanisms. Results Gemcitabine sensitized malignant meningioma cells to IR through the induction of senescence both in vitro and in vivo. Gemcitabine augmented the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by IR, which, together with cell growth suppression/senescence induced by this combination, was inhibited by N-acetyl-cysteine, suggesting a pivotal role for ROS in these combinatorial effects. Navitoclax, a senolytic drug that inhibits Bcl-2 proteins, further enhanced the effects of the combination of gemcitabine and IR by strongly inducing apoptotic cell death in senescent cells. Conclusion These results not only indicate the potential of gemcitabine as a candidate radiosensitizer for malignant meningioma, but also reveal a novel role for gemcitabine radiosensitization as a means to create a therapeutic vulnerability of senescent meningioma cells to senolytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
- Corresponding Author: Masahiro Yamamoto, MD, PhD, Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan ()
| | - Tomomi Sanomachi
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shuhei Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Keita Togashi
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Asuka Sugai
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shizuka Seino
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masashi Okada
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Chifumi Kitanaka
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
- Research Institute for Promotion of Medical Sciences, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
- Corresponding Author: Chifumi Kitanaka, MD, PhD, Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan ()
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18
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Boetto J, Peyre M, Kalamarides M. Mouse Models in Meningioma Research: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153712. [PMID: 34359639 PMCID: PMC8345085 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most frequent primitive central nervous system tumors found in adults. Mouse models of cancer have been instrumental in understanding disease mechanisms and establishing preclinical drug testing. Various mouse models of meningioma have been developed over time, evolving in light of new discoveries in our comprehension of meningioma biology and with improvements in genetic engineering techniques. We reviewed all mouse models of meningioma described in the literature, including xenograft models (orthotopic or heterotopic) with human cell lines or patient derived tumors, and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). Xenograft models provided useful tools for preclinical testing of a huge range of innovative drugs and therapeutic options, which are summarized in this review. GEMMs offer the possibility of mimicking human meningiomas at the histological, anatomical, and genetic level and have been invaluable in enabling tumorigenesis mechanisms, including initiation and progression, to be dissected. Currently, researchers have a range of different mouse models that can be used depending on the scientific question to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Boetto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier Universitary Hospital Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34090 Montpellier, France;
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France;
| | - Matthieu Peyre
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France;
- Department of Neurosurgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Michel Kalamarides
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France;
- Department of Neurosurgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, F-75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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19
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Rivas M, Johnston ME, Gulati R, Kumbaji M, Margues Aguiar TF, Timchenko L, Krepischi A, Shin S, Bondoc A, Tiao G, Geller J, Timchenko N. HDAC1-Dependent Repression of Markers of Hepatocytes and P21 Is Involved in Development of Pediatric Liver Cancer. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1669-1682. [PMID: 34245919 PMCID: PMC8536541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Epigenetic regulation of gene expression plays a critical role in the development of liver cancer; however, the molecular mechanisms of epigenetic-driven liver cancers are not well understood. The aims of this study were to examine molecular mechanisms that cause the dedifferentiation of hepatocytes into cancer cells in aggressive hepatoblastoma and test if the inhibition of these mechanisms inhibits tumor growth. METHODS We have analyzed CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein alpha (C/EBPα), Transcription factor Sp5, and histone deacetylase (HDAC)1 pathways from a large biobank of fresh hepatoblastoma (HBL) samples using high-pressure liquid chromatography-based examination of protein-protein complexes and have examined chromatin remodeling on the promoters of markers of hepatocytes and p21. The HDAC1 activity was inhibited in patient-derived xenograft models of HBL and in cultured hepatoblastoma cells and expression of HDAC1-dependent markers of hepatocytes was examined. RESULTS Analyses of a biobank showed that a significant portion of HBL patients have increased levels of an oncogenic de-phosphorylated-S190-C/EBPα, Sp5, and HDAC1 compared with amounts of these proteins in adjacent regions. We found that the oncogenic de-phosphorylated-S190-C/EBPα is created in aggressive HBL by protein phosphatase 2A, which is increased within the nucleus and dephosphorylates C/EBPα at Ser190. C/EBPα-HDAC1 and Sp5-HDAC1 complexes are abundant in hepatocytes, which dedifferentiate into cancer cells. Studies in HBL cells have shown that C/EBPα-HDAC1 and Sp5-HDAC1 complexes reduce markers of hepatocytes and p21 via repression of their promoters. Pharmacologic inhibition of C/EBPα-HDAC1 and Sp5-HDAC1 complexes by Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and small interfering RNA-mediated inhibition of HDAC1 increase expression of hepatocyte markers, p21, and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS HDAC1-mediated repression of markers of hepatocytes is an essential step for the development of HBL, providing background for generation of therapies for aggressive HBL by targeting HDAC1 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rivas
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio,Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael E. Johnston
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio,Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ruhi Gulati
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | | | | | - Ana Krepischi
- Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Soona Shin
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio,Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Gregory Tiao
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio,Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - James Geller
- Department of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Nikolai Timchenko
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio,Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Nikolai Timchenko, PhD, Liver Tumor Program, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229. fax: (513) 636-4200.
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20
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Lei X, Ma N, Du L, Liang Y, Zhang P, Han Y, Qu B. PP2A and tumor radiotherapy. Hereditas 2020; 157:36. [PMID: 32847617 PMCID: PMC7450598 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-020-00149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a serine/threonine phosphatase that serves as a key regulator of cellular physiology in the context of apoptosis, mitosis, and DNA damage responses. Canonically, PP2A functions as a tumor suppressor gene. However, recent evidence suggests that inhibiting PP2A activity in tumor cells may represent a viable approach to enhancing tumor sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy as such inhibition can cause cells to enter a disordered mitotic state that renders them more susceptible to cell death. Indeed, there is evidence that inhibiting PP2A can slow tumor growth following radiotherapy in a range of cancer types including ovarian cancer, liver cancer, malignant glioma, pancreatic cancer, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In the present review, we discuss current understanding of the role of PP2A in tumor radiotherapy and the potential mechanisms whereby it may influence this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lei
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Na Ma
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lehui Du
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yanjie Liang
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Pei Zhang
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Han
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Baolin Qu
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing, P. R. China.
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21
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Zhang Q, Song LR, Huo XL, Wang L, Zhang GB, Hao SY, Jia HW, Kong CL, Jia W, Wu Z, Xu BN, Jia GJ, Zhang JT. MicroRNA-221/222 Inhibits the Radiation-Induced Invasiveness and Promotes the Radiosensitivity of Malignant Meningioma Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1441. [PMID: 32983973 PMCID: PMC7477324 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The controversy of adjuvant radiotherapy of meningiomas is at least partially due to the insufficient understanding on meningioma cells' response to irradiation and the shortage of radiosensitivity-promotion methods. MicroRNA-221 and microRNA-222 were identified as critical regulators of radiosensitivity in several other tumors. However, their effect in meningiomas has yet to be confirmed. Therefore, the malignant meningioma IOMM-Lee cells were adopted, transfected with microRNA-221/222 mimics or inhibitors, and irradiated with different dosages. The effects of radiation and microRNA-221/222 were then assessed in vitro and in vivo. Radiation dose increases and microRNA-221/222 downregulation synergistically inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, prevented xenograft tumor progression, and promoted apoptosis, but antagonistically regulated cell invasiveness. Pairwise comparisons revealed that only high-dose radiations (6 and 8 Gy) can significantly promote cell invasiveness in comparison with unirradiated counterparts. Further comparisons exhibited that downregulating the microRNA-221/222 expression can reverse this radiation-induced cell invasiveness to a level of untransfected and unirradiated cells only if cells were irradiated with no more than 6 Gy. In addition, this approach can promote IOMM-Lee's radiosensitivity. Meanwhile, we also detected that the dose rate of irradiation affects cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis of IOMM-Lee. A high dose rate irradiation induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-promoting effect. Therefore, for malignant meningiomas, high-dose irradiation can facilitate cell invasiveness significantly. Downregulating the microRNA-221/222 level can reverse the radiation-induced cell invasiveness while enhancing the apoptosis-promoting and proliferation-inhibiting effects of radiation and promoting cell radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lai-Rong Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Lei Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Bin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Yu Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Wei Jia
- Department of Radiotherapy, Beijing Fengtai You Anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chui-Lin Kong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Beijing Fengtai You Anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-Nan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Jun Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
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22
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Suppiah S, Nassiri F, Bi WL, Dunn IF, Hanemann CO, Horbinski CM, Hashizume R, James CD, Mawrin C, Noushmehr H, Perry A, Sahm F, Sloan A, Von Deimling A, Wen PY, Aldape K, Zadeh G. Molecular and translational advances in meningiomas. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:i4-i17. [PMID: 30649490 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial neoplasm. The current World Health Organization (WHO) classification categorizes meningiomas based on histopathological features, but emerging molecular data demonstrate the importance of genomic and epigenomic factors in the clinical behavior of these tumors. Treatment options for symptomatic meningiomas are limited to surgical resection where possible and adjuvant radiation therapy for tumors with concerning histopathological features or recurrent disease. At present, alternative adjuvant treatment options are not available in part due to limited historical biological analysis and clinical trial investigation on meningiomas. With advances in molecular and genomic techniques in the last decade, we have witnessed a surge of interest in understanding the genomic and epigenomic landscape of meningiomas. The field is now at the stage to adopt this molecular knowledge to refine meningioma classification and introduce molecular algorithms that can guide prediction and therapeutics for this tumor type. Animal models that recapitulate meningiomas faithfully are in critical need to test new therapeutics to facilitate rapid-cycle translation to clinical trials. Here we review the most up-to-date knowledge of molecular alterations that provide insight into meningioma behavior and are ready for application to clinical trial investigation, and highlight the landscape of available preclinical models in meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganth Suppiah
- Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,MacFeeters-Hamilton Center for Neuro-Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Farshad Nassiri
- Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,MacFeeters-Hamilton Center for Neuro-Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wenya Linda Bi
- Centre for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ian F Dunn
- Centre for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clemens Oliver Hanemann
- Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Craig M Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Institute of Neuropathology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Arie Perry
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew Sloan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospital-Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andreas Von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Department of Laboratory Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,MacFeeters-Hamilton Center for Neuro-Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,MacFeeters-Hamilton Center for Neuro-Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Maggio D, Ho WS, Breese R, Walbridge S, Wang H, Cui J, Heiss JD, Gilbert MR, Kovach JS, Lu RO, Zhuang Z. Inhibition of protein phosphatase-2A with LB-100 enhances antitumor immunity against glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2020; 148:231-244. [PMID: 32342332 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma (GBM) carries a dismal prognosis despite standard multimodal treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD1 blockade, for treatment of GBM failed to show clinical benefit. Rational combination strategies to overcome resistance of GBM to checkpoint monotherapy are needed to extend the promise of immunotherapy to GBM management. Emerging evidence suggests that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a critical role in the signal transduction pathways of both adaptive and innate immune cells and that inhibition of PP2A could enhance cancer immunity. We investigated the use of a PP2A inhibitor, LB-100, to enhance antitumor efficacy of PD1 blockade in a syngeneic glioma model. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were implanted with murine glioma cell line GL261-luc or GL261-WT and randomized into 4 treatment arms: (i) control, (ii) LB-100, (iii) PD1 blockade and (iv) combination. Survival was assessed and detailed profiling of tumor infiltrating leukocytes was performed. RESULTS Dual PP2A and PD1 blockade significantly improved survival compared with monotherapy alone. Combination therapy resulted in complete regression of tumors in about 25% of mice. This effect was dependent on CD4 and CD8 T cells and cured mice established antigen-specific secondary protective immunity. Analysis of tumor lymphocytes demonstrated enhanced CD8 infiltration and effector function. CONCLUSION This is the first preclinical investigation of the effect of combining PP2A inhibition with PD1 blockade for GBM. This novel combination provided effective tumor immunotherapy and long-term survival in our animal GBM model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Maggio
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Winson S Ho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
- University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St, Bldg. B HDB 3.214, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
| | - Rebecca Breese
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stuart Walbridge
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Herui Wang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jing Cui
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John D Heiss
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John S Kovach
- Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc., East Setauket, NY, 11733, USA
| | - Rongze O Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
- University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St, Bldg. B HDB 3.216, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- National Institutes of Health, BLDG 35, Rm 2B203, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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24
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Elgenaidi IS, Spiers JP. Regulation of the phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A system and its modulation during oxidative stress: A potential therapeutic target? Pharmacol Ther 2019; 198:68-89. [PMID: 30797822 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoprotein phosphatases are of growing interest in the pathophysiology of many diseases and are often the neglected partner of protein kinases. One family member, PP2A, accounts for dephosphorylation of ~55-70% of all serine/threonine phosphosites. Interestingly, dysregulation of kinase signalling is a hallmark of many diseases in which an increase in oxidative stress is also noted. With this in mind, we assess the evidence to support oxidative stress-mediated regulation of the PP2A system In this article, we first present an overview of the PP2A system before providing an analysis of the regulation of PP2A by endogenous inhibitors, post translational modification, and miRNA. Next, a detailed critique of data implicating reactive oxygen species, ischaemia, ischaemia-reperfusion, and hypoxia in regulating the PP2A holoenzyme and associated regulators is presented. Finally, the pharmacological targeting of PP2A, its endogenous inhibitors, and enzymes responsible for its post-translational modification are covered. There is extensive evidence that oxidative stress modulates multiple components of the PP2A system, however, most of the data pertains to the catalytic subunit of PP2A. Irrespective of the underlying aetiology, free radical-mediated attenuation of PP2A activity is an emerging theme. However, in many instances, a dichotomy exists, which requires clarification and mechanistic insight. Nevertheless, this raises the possibility that pharmacological activation of PP2A, either through small molecule activators of PP2A or CIP2A/SET antagonists may be beneficial in modulating the cellular response to oxidative stress. A better understanding of which, will have wide ranging implications for cancer, heart disease and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Elgenaidi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - J P Spiers
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
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25
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Ran Q, Xiang Y, Stephen P, Wu C, Li T, Lin SX, Li Z. CRIF1-CDK2 Interface Inhibitors: An Unprecedented Strategy for Modulation of Cell Radiosensitivity. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1420-1424. [PMID: 30653304 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are historic therapeutic targets implicated in tumorigenic events due to their critical involvement in the cell cycle phase. However, selectivity has proven to be a bottleneck, causing repeated failures. Previously, we reported CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1), acting as a cell cycle negative regulator through interaction with CDK2. In the current report, we identified the CRIF1-CDK2 interaction interface by in silico studies and shortlisted interface inhibitors through virtual screening on CRIF1 using 40 678 drug-like compounds. These compounds were tested by cell proliferation assay, and four of these molecules were found to selectively inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines, but do not affect normal bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC). A binding study reveals significant affinities of the inhibitors on CRIF1. More importantly, treatment of the OS cells with a combination of ionizing radiation (IR) and the best-performing inhibitors remarkably increased IR inhibition potential from 19.9% to 59.6%. This occurred by selectively promoting G2/M arrest and apoptosis related to CDK2 overactivation in OS cells but not in BMSC and was supported by significant CDK2 phosphorylation modifications. Knocking down of CRIF1 by siRNA treatment showed similar effects to the interface inhibitors. Together we substantiate the identification of novel lead molecules, which may provide a new treatment to overcome selectivity issues and enhance the radiosensitivity of tumor cells, opening a conceptually novel strategy of CDK-targeting for different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ran
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation Biology Laboratory , Xinqiao Hospital , Chongqing , 400037 , China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation Biology Laboratory , Xinqiao Hospital , Chongqing , 400037 , China
| | - Preyesh Stephen
- Axe Molecular Endocrinology and Nephrology , CHU Research Center and Laval University , Québec City , Québec G1V 4G2 , Canada
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation Biology Laboratory , Xinqiao Hospital , Chongqing , 400037 , China
| | - Tang Li
- Axe Molecular Endocrinology and Nephrology , CHU Research Center and Laval University , Québec City , Québec G1V 4G2 , Canada
| | - Sheng-Xiang Lin
- Axe Molecular Endocrinology and Nephrology , CHU Research Center and Laval University , Québec City , Québec G1V 4G2 , Canada
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation Biology Laboratory , Xinqiao Hospital , Chongqing , 400037 , China
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26
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Mebendazole and radiation in combination increase survival through anticancer mechanisms in an intracranial rodent model of malignant meningioma. J Neurooncol 2018; 140:529-538. [PMID: 30414098 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-03009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Meningiomas are a frequent tumor of the central nervous system. Although mostly benign, approximately 5% present as atypical or malignant tumors. Treatments for atypical meningiomas include gross total resection and radiotherapy, but about 33% of patients have recurrent tumors, sometimes as a higher grade. Recently, the brain penetrant anthelmintic drug, mebendazole, has shown promise as an anticancer agent in rodent models of glioblastoma and medulloblastoma. METHODS The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) effect on colony formation, cell proliferation, and caspase-3/7 markers of apoptosis of mebendazole with and without radiation was measured in vitro. Mice intracranially implanted with KT21MG1 human meningioma were administered mebendazole alone or in combination with radiation. Survival benefit was evaluated, while tumors were investigated by immunohistochemical staining for apoptosis, cell proliferation, and vascular density. RESULTS In vitro experiments on meningioma cell lines showed the IC50 for mebendazole in the range of 0.26-0.42 µM. Mebendazole alone induced cytotoxicity, however the combination had a greater reduction in colony formation and resulted in higher levels of cleaved caspase-3. The in vivo study showed both, mebendazole alone and the combination, to have a survival benefit with an increase in apoptosis, and decreases in tumor cell and vascular proliferation. CONCLUSION These preclinical findings indicate that mebendazole alone or in combination with radiation can be considered for the treatment of malignant meningioma. The mechanism of action for this combination may include an increase in apoptosis, a reduction in proliferation and angiogenesis, or a combination of these effects.
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27
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Liu L, Wang H, Cui J, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Xu W, Lu H, Liu S, Shen S, Fang F, Li L, Yang W, Zhuang Z, Li J. Inhibition of Protein Phosphatase 2A Sensitizes Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma to Chemotherapy via the PI3K-AKT Pathway in Response to Insulin Stimulus. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 50:317-331. [PMID: 30282066 DOI: 10.1159/000494008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine phosphatase that mediates cell cycle regulation and metabolism. Mounting evidence has indicated that PP2A inhibition exhibits considerable anticancer potency in multiple types of human cancers. However, the efficacy of PP2A inhibition remains unexplored in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), especially in locally advanced and metastatic cases with limited systemic treatment. In this study, we demonstrated the therapeutic potency of LB100 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. METHODS In this study, the expression of PP2A was evaluated using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The effects associated with LB100 alone and in combination with cisplatin for the treatment of mucoepidermoid carcinoma were investigated both in vitro, regarding metabolism, proliferation, and migration, and in vivo in a mucoepidermoid carcinoma xenograft model. In addition, with LB100 treatment and in response to an insulin stimulus, the expression levels and phosphorylation levels of targets in the PI3K-AKT pathway were determined using western blot analysis and immunoblotting. RESULTS The expression of protein phosphatase 2A was significantly upregulated in the clinical specimens of high-grade MECs compared with those of low-/medium-grade MECs and normal controls. In this article, we report that a small molecule PP2A inhibitor, LB100, decreased cellular viability and glycolytic activity and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Importantly, LB100 enhanced the efficacy of cisplatin in mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. PP2A inhibition by LB100 increased the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1) on serine residues, downregulated the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) p110 alpha subunit and dephosphorylated AKT at Ser473 and Thr308 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells in response to insulin stimulus. CONCLUSION These results highlight the translational potential of PP2A inhibition to synergize with cisplatin in mucoepidermoid carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Herui Wang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jing Cui
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wanlin Xu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengwen Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shukun Shen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Lei Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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28
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Mazhar S, Taylor SE, Sangodkar J, Narla G. Targeting PP2A in cancer: Combination therapies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:51-63. [PMID: 30401535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The serine/threonine phosphatase PP2A regulates a vast portion of the phosphoproteome including pathways involved in apoptosis, proliferation and DNA damage response and PP2A inactivation is a vital step in malignant transformation. Many groups have explored the therapeutic venue of combining PP2A reactivation with kinase inhibition to counteract the very changes in tumor suppressors and oncogenes that lead to cancer development. Conversely, inhibition of PP2A to complement chemotherapy and radiation-induced cancer cell death is also an area of active investigation. Here we review the studies that utilize PP2A targeted agents as combination therapy in cancer. A potential role for PP2A in tumor immunity is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mazhar
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah E Taylor
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jaya Sangodkar
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Goutham Narla
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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29
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Pharmacologic inhibition of protein phosphatase-2A achieves durable immune-mediated antitumor activity when combined with PD-1 blockade. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2126. [PMID: 29844427 PMCID: PMC5974350 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04425-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that inhibition of protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A), a serine/threonine phosphatase, could enhance anticancer immunity. However, drugs targeting PP2A are not currently available. Here, we report that a PP2A inhibitor, LB-100, when combined with anti-PD-1 (aPD-1) blockade can synergistically elicit a durable immune-mediated antitumor response in a murine CT26 colon cancer model. This effect is T-cell dependent, leading to regression of a significant proportion of tumors. Analysis of tumor lymphocytes demonstrates enhanced effector T-cell and reduced suppressive regulatory T-cell infiltration. Clearance of tumor establishes antigen-specific secondary protective immunity. A synergistic effect of LB-100 and aPD-1 blockade is also observed in B16 melanoma model. In addition, LB-100 activates the mTORC1 signaling pathway resulting in decreased differentiation of naive CD4 cells into regulatory T cells. There is also increased expression of Th1 and decreased expression of Th2 cytokines. These data highlight the translational potential of PP2A inhibition in combination with checkpoint inhibition.
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