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Zhang H, Li Y, Fu Y, Jiao H, Wang X, Wang Q, Zhou M, Yong YC, Liu J. A structure-functionality insight into the bioactivity of microbial polysaccharides toward biomedical applications: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 335:122078. [PMID: 38616098 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Microbial polysaccharides (MPs) are biopolymers secreted by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi during their metabolic processes. Compared to polysaccharides derived from plants and animals, MPs have advantages such as wide sources, high production efficiency, and less susceptibility to natural environmental influences. The most attractive feature of MPs lies in their diverse biological activities, such as antioxidative, anti-tumor, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activities, which have demonstrated immense potential for applications in functional foods, cosmetics, and biomedicine. These bioactivities are precisely regulated by their sophisticated molecular structure. However, the mechanisms underlying this precise regulation are not yet fully understood and continue to evolve. This article presents a comprehensive review of the most representative species of MPs, including their fermentation and purification processes and their biomedical applications in recent years. In particular, this work presents an in-depth analysis into the structure-activity relationships of MPs across multiple molecular levels. Additionally, this review discusses the challenges and prospects of investigating the structure-activity relationships, providing valuable insights into the broad and high-value utilization of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Zhang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Li
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yinyi Fu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Haixin Jiao
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mengbo Zhou
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yang-Chun Yong
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, c/o School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
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2
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Zhang Y, Wang D, Zhang Z, Guan H, Zhang Y, Xu D, Xu X, Li D. Improvement on wheat bread quality by in situ produced dextran-A comprehensive review from the viewpoint of starch and gluten. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13353. [PMID: 38660747 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Deterioration of bread quality, characterized by the staling of bread crumb, the softening of bread crust and the loss of aroma, has caused a huge food waste and economic loss, which is a bottleneck restriction to the development of the breadmaking industry. Various bread improvers have been widely used to alleviate the issue. However, it is noteworthy that the sourdough technology has emerged as a pivotal factor in this regard. In sourdough, the metabolic breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids leads to the production of exopolysaccharides, organic acids, aroma compounds, or prebiotics, which contributes to the preeminent ability of sourdough to enhance bread attributes. Moreover, sourdough exhibits a "green-label" feature, which satisfies the consumers' increasing demand for additive-free food products. In the past two decades, there has been a significant focus on sourdough with in situ produced dextran due to its exceptional performance. In this review, the behaviors of bread crucial compositions (i.e., starch and gluten) during dough mixing, proofing, baking and bread storing, as well as alterations induced by the acidic environment and the presence of dextran are systemically summarized. From the viewpoint of starch and gluten, results obtained confirm the synergistic amelioration on bread quality by the coadministration of acidity and dextran, and also highlight the central role of acidification. This review contributes to establishing a theoretical foundation for more effectively enhancing the quality of wheat breads through the application of in situ produced dextran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Postdoctoral Research Program of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Postdoctoral Programme of Juxiangyuan Health Food (Zhongshan) Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Huanan Guan
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Postdoctoral Programme of Juxiangyuan Health Food (Zhongshan) Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Akbar WA, Rahim HU, Rutigliano FA. Microbial- and seaweed-based biopolymers: Sources, extractions and implications for soil quality improvement and environmental sustainability - A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:120964. [PMID: 38692027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Improving soil quality without creating any environmental problems is an unescapable goal of sustainable agroecosystem management, according to the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Therefore, sustainable solutions are in high demand. One of these is the use of biopolymers derived from microbes and seaweed. This paper aims to provide an overview of the sources of extraction and use of microbial (bacteria and cyanobacteria) and seaweed-based biopolymers as soil conditioners, the characteristics of biopolymer-treated soils, and their environmental concerns. A preliminary search was also carried out on the entire Scopus database on biopolymers to find out how much attention has been paid to biopolymers as biofertilizers compared to other applications of these molecules until now. Several soil quality indicators were evaluated, including soil moisture, color, structure, porosity, bulk density, temperature, aggregate stability, nutrient availability, organic matter, and microbial activity. The mechanisms involved in improving soil quality were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ali Akbar
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Vivaldi, n. 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
| | - Hafeez Ur Rahim
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Flora Angela Rutigliano
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Vivaldi, n. 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
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4
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Zarour K, Zeid AF, Mohedano ML, Prieto A, Kihal M, López P. Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Liquorilactobacillus mali strains, isolated from Algerian food products, are producers of the postbiotic compounds dextran, oligosaccharides and mannitol. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:114. [PMID: 38418710 PMCID: PMC10901973 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Six lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Algerian sheep's milk, traditional butter, date palm sap and barley, which produce dextran, mannitol, oligosaccharides and vitamin B2 have been characterized. They were identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides (A4X, Z36P, B12 and O9) and Liquorilactobacillus mali (BR201 and FR123). Their exopolysaccharides synthesized from sucrose by dextransucrase (Dsr) were characterized as dextrans with (1,6)-D-glucopyranose units in the main backbone and branched at positions O-4, O-2 and/or O-3, with D-glucopyranose units in the side chain. A4X was the best dextran producer (4.5 g/L), while the other strains synthesized 2.1-2.7 g/L. Zymograms revealed that L. mali strains have a single Dsr with a molecular weight (Mw) of ~ 145 kDa, while the Lc. mesenteroides possess one or two enzymes with 170-211 kDa Mw. As far as we know, this is the first detection of L. mali Dsr. Analysis of metabolic fluxes from sucrose revealed that the six LAB produced mannitol (~ 12 g/L). The co-addition of maltose-sucrose resulted in the production of panose (up to 37.53 mM), an oligosaccharide known for its prebiotic effect. A4X, Z36P and B12 showed dextranase hydrolytic enzymatic activity and were able to produce another trisaccharide, maltotriose, which is the first instance of a dextranase activity encoded by Lc. mesenteroides strains. Furthermore, B12 and O9 grew in the absence of riboflavin (vitamin B2) and synthesized this vitamin, in a defined medium at the level of ~ 220 μg/L. Therefore, these LAB, especially Lc. mesenteroides B12, are good candidates for the development of new fermented food biofortified with functional compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenza Zarour
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB, CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Es Senia, 31100, Oran, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Fouad Zeid
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB, CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Es Senia, 31100, Oran, Algeria
| | - Mari Luz Mohedano
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB, CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Prieto
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB, CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mebrouk Kihal
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Es Senia, 31100, Oran, Algeria
| | - Paloma López
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB, CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Zhang K, Liu S, Liang S, Xiang F, Wang X, Lian H, Li B, Liu F. Exopolysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria: Structure, biological activity, structure-activity relationship, and application in the food industry: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128733. [PMID: 38092118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, researchers have discovered that probiotics play an important role in our daily lives. With the further deepening of research, more and more evidence show that bacterial metabolites have an important role in food and human health, which opens up a new direction for the research of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Many LAB have been widely studied because of the ability of exopolysaccharides (EPS). Lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides (LAB EPS) not only have great potential in the treatment of human diseases but also can become natural ingredients in the food industry to provide special qualitative structure and flavor. This paper has organized and summarized the biosynthesis, strain selection, production process parameters, structure, and biological activity of LAB EPS, filling in the monotony and incompleteness of previous articles' descriptions of LAB EPS. Therefore, this paper focuses on the general biosynthetic pathway, structural characterization, structure-activity relationship, biological activity of LAB EPS, and their application in the food industry, which will help to deepen people's understanding of LAB EPS and develop new active drugs from LAB EPS. Although the research results are relatively affluent, the low yield, complex structure, and few clinical trials of EPS are still the reasons that hinder its development. Therefore, future knowledge expansion should focus on the regulation of structure, physicochemical properties, function, higher production of EPS, and clinical trial applications, which can further increase the commercial significance and value of EPS. Furthermore, better understanding the structure-function relationship of EPS in food remains a challenge to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyong Zhang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Sibo Liu
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shengnan Liang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fangqin Xiang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Huiqiang Lian
- Guangdong Jinhaikang Medical Nutrition Co., Ltd, Meizhou, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Fei Liu
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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6
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Elango B, Shirley CP, Okram GS, Ramesh T, Seralathan KK, Mathanmohun M. Structural diversity, functional versatility and applications in industrial, environmental and biomedical sciences of polysaccharides and its derivatives - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126193. [PMID: 37562468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent efforts on the expansion of sustainable and commercial primal matters are essential to enhance the knowledge of their hazards and noxiousness to humans and their environments. For example, polysaccharide materials are widely utilized in food, wound dressing, tissue engineering, industry, targeted drug delivery, environmental, and bioremediation due to their attractive degradability, nontoxicity and biocompatibility. There are numerous easy, quick, and efficient ways to manufacture these materials that include cellulose, starch, chitosan, chitin, dextran, pectin, gums, and pullulan. Further, they exhibit distinctive properties when combined favourably with raw materials from other sources. This review discusses the synthesis and novel applications of these carbohydrate polymers in industrial, environmental and biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boojhana Elango
- Department of Microbiology, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal 637408, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C P Shirley
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore 641114, India
| | - Gunadhor Singh Okram
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamala-Kannan Seralathan
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea.
| | - Maghimaa Mathanmohun
- Department of Microbiology, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal 637408, Tamil Nadu, India.
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7
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Özdemir N. Gene Expression, Structural Characterization, and Functional Properties of Exopolysaccharide Produced from Potential Probiotic Enterococcus faecalis NOC219 Strain. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6183-6202. [PMID: 36847981 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04393-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal the structural characterization and functional properties of microbial EPS-NOC219 material produced by the Enterococcus faecalis NOC219 strain with high EPS yield isolated from yogurt, with simultaneously, demonstrating the potential of this EPS for future industrial applications. According to the results of the analyses made for this aim, it was determined that the NOC219 strain contains the epsB, p-gtf-epsEFG, and p-gtf-P1 genes. In addition, it was also revealed that the EPS-NOC219 structure is expressed by the epsB, p-gtf-epsEFG, and p-gtf-P1 genes and has a heteropolymeric feature consisting of glucose, galactose, and fructose units. According to the results of the analyses made for this aim, it was determined that the EPS-NOC219 structure, which was produced from the NOC219 strain containing the epsB, p-gtf-epsEFG, and p-gtf-P1 genes, had a heteropolymeric structure consisting of glucose, galactose, and fructose units. On the other hand, it was shown that this structure had a thickener property, high heat stability exhibited a pseudoplastic flow behavior, and had a high melting point. This showed that the EPS-NOC219 had high heat stability and could be used as a thickener in heat treatment processes. In addition, it was revealed that it is suitable for plasticized biofilm production. On the other hand, the bioavailability of this structure was demonstrated with its high antioxidant activity (55.84%) against DPPH radicals and high antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli (77.83%) and Listeria monocytogenes (72.14%) pathogens. These results suggest that the EPS-NOC219 structure may be an alternative natural resource for many industries as it has strong physicochemical properties and a healthy food-grade adjunct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgün Özdemir
- Department of Food Engineering, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Engineering Faculty, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.
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8
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Puertas AI, Llamas-Arriba MG, Etxebeste O, Berregi I, Pardo MÁ, Prieto A, López P, Dueñas MT. Characterization of the heteropolysaccharides produced by Liquorilactobacillus sicerae CUPV261 and Secundilactobacillus collinoides CUPV237 isolated from cider. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 397:110199. [PMID: 37086527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from alcoholic beverages are able to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS). The present work focuses on the physico-chemical characterization of the heteropolysaccharides (HePS) produced by Liquorilactobacillus sicerae CUPV261T (formerly known as Lactobacillus sicerae) and Secundilactobacillus collinoides CUPV237 (formerly known as Lactobacillus collinoides) strains isolated from cider. Genome sequencing and assembly enabled the identification of at least four putative HePS gene clusters in each strain, which correlated with the ability of both strains to secrete EPS. The crude EPS preparation from CUPV261T contained glucose, galactose and rhamnose, and that of CUPV237 was composed of glucose, galactose and N-acetylglucosamine. Both EPS were mixtures of HePS of different composition, with two major soluble components of average molecular weights (Mw) in the range of 106 and 104 g.mol-1. These HePS were resistant to gastric stress conditions in an in vitro model, and they significantly reduced zebrafish larvae mortality in an in vivo model of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Puertas
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mª Goretti Llamas-Arriba
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Oier Etxebeste
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Iñaki Berregi
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pardo
- Food Research Unit, Food and Marine Research Technology Centre AZTI, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Building 609, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alicia Prieto
- Margarita Salas Biological Research Centre, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma López
- Margarita Salas Biological Research Centre, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mª Teresa Dueñas
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
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9
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The effects of cooperative fermentation by yeast and lactic acid bacteria on the dough rheology, retention and stabilization of gas cells in a whole wheat flour dough system – A review. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Meng F, Lyu Y, Zhao H, Lyu F, Bie X, Lu Y, Zhao M, Chen Y, Lu Z. LsrR-like protein responds to stress tolerance by regulating polysaccharide biosynthesis in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1193-1203. [PMID: 36436601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their biological functions, polysaccharides assist Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in resisting harsh conditions. To enhance the polysaccharide biosynthesis and increase the survival of L. plantarum in gut environment. We analyzed the transcriptional regulators that regulated the polysaccharide biosynthesis. A new transcriptional inhibitor, LsrR (UniProtKB: Q88YH7), had been identified, which repressed polysaccharide synthesis by binding to the polysaccharide synthesis promoter cps4A-J (Pcps4A-J). The EPSs and CPSs production of L. plantarum 163 was reduced by 42 % and 36 % (p < 0.05), respectively, when lsrR was overexpressed. Furthermore, alkaline shock proteins Asp2 and Asp1, heat shock protein Hsp3, and an autoinducer-2 (AI-2) related quorum-sensing regulator Rrp6 recovered the synthesis of polysaccharides to 50, 33, 55, and 60 %, respectively, by inhibiting the LsrR activity. This suggested that LsrR regulates polysaccharide synthesis in response to external stress signals such as pH, temperature, and AI-2 concentration. Finally, we showed that polysaccharides increased the survival rate of L. plantarum (Lp163-ΔlsrR) by 2.1 times during lyophilization and enhanced its tolerance to pH 2.0 and 0.2 % bile salts by 15.3 and 60 times due to increased capsular thickness and enhanced the autoaggregation. We provide critical data regarding Lactobacillus survival during preservative lyophilization and under gastrointestinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqiang Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunbin Lyu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fengxia Lyu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingjian Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, 3 Wenyuan Road, Xianlin University Town, Nanjing 21003, China
| | - Mingwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China.
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11
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Besrour-Aouam N, de Los Rios V, Hernández-Alcántara AM, Mohedano ML, Najjari A, López P, Ouzari HI. Proteomic and in silico analyses of dextran synthesis influence on Leuconostoc lactis AV1n adaptation to temperature change. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1077375. [PMID: 36713162 PMCID: PMC9875047 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1077375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Leuconostoc lactis is found in vegetables, fruits, and meat and is used by the food industry in the preparation of dairy products, wines, and sugars. We have previously demonstrated that the dextransucrase of Lc. lactis (DsrLL) AV1n produces a high-molecular-weight dextran from sucrose, indicating its potential use as a dextran-forming starter culture. We have also shown that this bacterium was able to produce 10-fold higher levels of dextran at 20°C than at 37°C, at the former temperature accompanied by an increase in dsrLL gene expression. However, the general physiological response of Lc. lactis AV1n to cold temperature in the presence of sucrose, leading to increased production of dextran, has not been yet investigated. Therefore, we have used a quantitative proteomics approach to investigate the cold temperature-induced changes in the proteomic profile of this strain in comparison to its proteomic response at 37°C. In total, 337 proteins were found to be differentially expressed at the applied significance criteria (adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05, FDR 5%, and with a fold-change ≥ 1.5 or ≤ 0.67) with 204 proteins overexpressed, among which 13% were involved in protein as well as cell wall, and envelope component biosynthesis including DsrLL. Proteins implicated in cold stress were expressed at a high level at 20°C and possibly play a role in the upregulation of DsrLL, allowing the efficient synthesis of the protein essential for its adaptation to cold. Post-transcriptional regulation of DsrLL expression also seems to take place through the interplay of exonucleases and endonucleases overexpressed at 20°C, which would influence the half-life of the dsrLL transcript. Furthermore, the mechanism of cold resistance of Lc. lactis AV1n seems to be also based on energy saving through a decrease in growth rate mediated by a decrease in carbohydrate metabolism and its orientation toward the production pathways for storage molecules. Thus, this better understanding of the responses to low temperature and mechanisms for environmental adaptation of Lc. lactis could be exploited for industrial use of strains belonging to this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhane Besrour-Aouam
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain,Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives (LR03ES03), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Vivian de Los Rios
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mᵃ Luz Mohedano
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Afef Najjari
- Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives (LR03ES03), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Paloma López
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Paloma López,
| | - Hadda-Imene Ouzari
- Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives (LR03ES03), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia,Hadda-Imene Ouzari,
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12
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Diez-Ozaeta I, Martín-Loarte L, Mohedano ML, Tamame M, Ruiz-Masó JÁ, del Solar G, Dueñas MT, López P. A methodology for the selection and characterization of riboflavin-overproducing Weissella cibaria strains after treatment with roseoflavin. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1154130. [PMID: 37089563 PMCID: PMC10116070 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1154130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermentative processes by lactic acid bacteria can produce metabolites of interest to the health and food industries. Two examples are the production of B-group vitamins, and of prebiotic and immunomodulatory dextran-type exopolysaccharides. In this study, three riboflavin- and dextran-producing Weissella cibaria strains (BAL3C-5, BAL3C-7 and BAL3C-22) were used to develop a new method for selection and isolation of spontaneous riboflavin-overproducing W. cibaria mutants. This method was based on the selection of strains resistant to roseoflavin. The DNA sequencing of the FMN riboswitch of bacterial cell populations treated with various roseoflavin concentrations, revealed the existence of at least 10 spontaneous and random point mutations at this location. Folding and analysis of the mutated FMN riboswitches with the RNA fold program predicted that these mutations could result in a deregulation of the rib operon expression. When the roseoflavin-treated cultures were plated on medium supporting dextran synthesis, the most promising mutants were identified by the yellow color of their mucous colonies, exhibiting a ropy phenotype. After their isolation and recovery in liquid medium, the evaluation of their riboflavin production revealed that the mutant strains synthesized a wide range of riboflavin levels (from 0.80 to 6.50 mg/L) above the wild-type level (0.15 mg/L). Thus, this was a reliable method to select spontaneous riboflavin-overproducing and dextran-producing strains of W. cibaria. This species has not yet been used as a starter or adjunct culture, but this study reinforces the potential that it has for the food and health industry for the production of functional foods or as a probiotic. Furthermore, analysis of the influence of FMN present in the growth medium, on rib mRNA and riboflavin levels, revealed which mutant strains produce riboflavin without flavin regulation. Moreover, the BAL3C-5 C120T mutant was identified as the highest riboflavin-overproducer. Determination of its chromosomal DNA sequence and that of BAL3C-5, revealed a total identity between the 2 strains except for the C120T mutation at the FMN riboswitch. To our knowledge, this work is the first demonstration that only a single alteration in the genome of a lactic acid bacteria is required for a riboflavin-overproducing phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Diez-Ozaeta
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Lucía Martín-Loarte
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mari Luz Mohedano
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Tamame
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, (IBFG) CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Ángel Ruiz-Masó
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria del Solar
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Dueñas
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
- *Correspondence: María Teresa Dueñas,
| | - Paloma López
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Paloma López,
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13
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Characterization of Probiotic Properties of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L2 Isolated from a Traditional Fermented Food "Lben". Life (Basel) 2022; 13:life13010021. [PMID: 36675968 PMCID: PMC9863983 DOI: 10.3390/life13010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lben is a dairy fermented food that is largely consumed in Tunisia for its numerous health benefits that are related to the existence of probiotics. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are well known for their beneficial probiotic properties for humans, especially when administered in adequate amounts. The aim of this study was to isolate and investigate the probiotics properties of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L2 from Lben. The isolated strain was identified by 16S r-RNA gene sequences and MALDI- TOF MS. To evaluate the probiotic potential of the isolated bacterium, in vitro tests were performed, including adhesion ability to HCT-116 cells, survival in acid and bile salt conditions, lysozyme resistance, biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity. Our results revealed that the selected Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L2 strain expressed a high adherence to HCT-116 cells (45.03%), survived under acidic conditions (pH3), and showed a resistance to bile salts. The strain was considered as safe (α-hemolysis). L. paracasei L2 showed a high biofilm-formation ability (OD 570 > 1.7) after 24 h of incubation. It also demonstrated an important antioxidant activity in the range of 85.31% for the intact cells. However, an antimicrobial activity against pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus, was detected with an IZ that was above 19 mm. In conjunction with the results obtained and the technological properties of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L2 (proteolytic property, autolytic activity, acidifying activity, and EPS production), this strain may be used as a probiotic for manufacturing fermented foods.
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14
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Hernández-Alcántara AM, Chiva R, Mohedano ML, Russo P, Ruiz-Masó JÁ, del Solar G, Spano G, Tamame M, López P. Weissella cibaria riboflavin-overproducing and dextran-producing strains useful for the development of functional bread. Front Nutr 2022; 9:978831. [PMID: 36267909 PMCID: PMC9577222 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.978831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes a method for deriving riboflavin overproducing strains of Weissella cibaria by exposing three strains (BAL3C-5, BAL3C-7, and BAL3C-22) isolated from dough to increasing concentrations of roseoflavin. By this procedure, we selected one mutant overproducing strain from each parental strain (BAL3C-5 B2, BAL3C-7 B2, and BAL3C-22 B2, respectively). Quantification of dextran and riboflavin produced by the parental and mutant strains in a defined medium lacking riboflavin and polysaccharides confirmed that riboflavin was only overproduced by the mutant strains, whereas dextran production was similar in both mutant and parental strains. The molecular basis of the riboflavin overproduction by the mutants was determined by nucleotide sequencing of their rib operons, which encode the enzymes of the riboflavin biosynthetic pathway. We detected a unique mutation in each of the overproducing strains. These mutations, which map in the sensor domain (aptamer) of a regulatory element (the so-called FMN riboswitch) present in the 5’ untranslated region of the rib operon mRNA, appear to be responsible for the riboflavin-overproducing phenotype of the BAL3C-5 B2, BAL3C-7 B2, and BAL3C-22 B2 mutant strains. Furthermore, the molecular basis of dextran production by the six W. cibaria strains has been characterized by (i) the sequencing of their dsr genes encoding dextransucrases, which synthesize dextran using sucrose as substrate, and (ii) the detection of active Dsr proteins by zymograms. Finally, the parental and mutant strains were analyzed for in situ production of riboflavin and dextran during experimental bread making. The results indicate that the mutant strains were able to produce experimental wheat breads biofortified with both riboflavin and dextran and, therefore, may be useful for the manufacture of functional commercial breads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annel M. Hernández-Alcántara
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosana Chiva
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Luz Mohedano
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pasquale Russo
- Department of Agriculture Food Natural Science Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - José Ángel Ruiz-Masó
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria del Solar
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Spano
- Department of Agriculture Food Natural Science Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mercedes Tamame
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paloma López
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Paloma López,
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15
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Characterization of Dextran Produced by the Food-Related Strain Weissella cibaria C43-11 and of the Relevant Dextransucrase Gene. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182819. [PMID: 36140946 PMCID: PMC9498152 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A metabolic feature of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is the production of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), which have technological and functional properties of interest to the food sector. The present study focused on the characterization of the Weissella cibaria strain C43-11, a high EPS producer in the presence of sucrose, in comparison with a low-producing strain (C2-32), and on possible genetic regulatory elements responsible for the modulation of dextransucrase (dsr) genes expression. NMR analysis of the polymeric material produced by the C43-11 strain indicated the presence of dextran consisting mainly of a linear scaffold formed by α-(1–6) glycosidic linkages and a smaller amounts of branches derived from α-(1–2), α-(1–3), and α-(1–4) linkages. Molecular analysis of the dsr genes and the putative transcriptional promoters of the two strains showed differences in their regulatory regions. Such variations may have a role in the modulation of dsr expression levels in the presence of sucrose. The strong upregulation of the dsr gene in the C43-11 strain resulted in a high accumulation of EPS. This is the first report showing differences in the regulatory elements of the dsr gene in W. cibaria and indicates a new perspective of investigation to identify the regulatory mechanism of EPS production.
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16
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Polysaccharide Based Implantable Drug Delivery: Development Strategies, Regulatory Requirements, and Future Perspectives. POLYSACCHARIDES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides3030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantable drug delivery systems advocate a wide array of potential benefits, including effective administration of drugs at lower concentrations and fewer side-effects whilst increasing patient compliance. Amongst several polymers used for fabricating implants, biopolymers such as polysaccharides are known for modulating drug delivery attributes as desired. The review describes the strategies employed for the development of polysaccharide-based implants. A comprehensive understanding of several polysaccharide polymers such as starch, cellulose, alginate, chitosan, pullulan, carrageenan, dextran, hyaluronic acid, agar, pectin, gellan gum is presented. Moreover, biomedical applications of these polysaccharide-based implantable devices along with the recent advancements carried out in the development of these systems have been mentioned. Implants for the oral cavity, nasal cavity, bone, ocular use, and antiviral therapy have been discussed in detail. The regulatory considerations with respect to implantable drug delivery has also been emphasized in the present work. This article aims to provide insights into the developmental strategies for polysaccharide-based implants.
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17
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Rahman SSA, Pasupathi S, Karuppiah S. Conventional optimization and characterization of microbial dextran using treated sugarcane molasses. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:775-787. [PMID: 35987362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses the comparison on yield of microbial dextran using treated sugarcane molasses (SCM) as a feed stock from different treatment methods. The suitable method for treatment of SCM was identified on the basis of microbial dextran production. The different factors namely the concentrations of total sugars, nitrogen sources, inoculum size, shaking speed, initial medium pH, and phosphate sources influencing the production of microbial dextran were studied. The maximum yield of dextran was obtained to be 17.18 ± 0.08 g L-1 using the conventional optimization. The structural analysis of produced dextran from SCM with various treatment techniques was compared using Fourier-transform infra-red analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Later, the rheological behavior of produced microbial dextran was examined and found to be a non-Newtonian. To the best of our knowledge, the comparison on the production of microbial dextran through fermentation using SCM with various treatment strategies has not been performed yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameeha Syed Abdul Rahman
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Bioenergy, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saroja Pasupathi
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Bioenergy, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sugumaran Karuppiah
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Bioenergy, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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18
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Perego F, Ticozzi RM, Troia A, Prato M, Taramelli D, Basilico N. Dextran-shelled oxygen-loaded nanodroplets modulate macrophages killing and inflammatory response to Enterococcus faecalis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175161. [PMID: 35964657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are associated with inflammation, infections, and hypoxic environment. Macrophages play a crucial role in wound healing removing bacteria and secreting signal molecules to coordinate tissue repair. Recently, dextran-shelled Oxygen-Loaded NanoDroplets (OLNDs) have been proposed as new tools to counteract hypoxia in chronic wounds. Here we investigated the effects of OLNDs on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) killing and the secretion of inflammatory and angiogenic factors by murine (BMDM) and human (dTHP-1, differentiated THP-1) macrophages, in normoxia and hypoxia. Both OLNDs and Oxygen-Free NanoDroplets (OFNDs) significantly increased reactive oxygen species production by BMDM in normoxia (4.1 and 4 fold increase by 10% OLNDs and OFNDs, respectively, after 120 min) and hypoxia (3.8 and 4 fold increase by 10% OLNDs and OFNDs respectively) but not by dTHP-1. Moreover, only OLNDs induced nitric oxide secretion by BMDM in normoxia. Consequently, both nanodroplets improved E. faecalis killing by BMDM in normoxia (% of killing OLNDs = 44.2%; p < 0.01; OFNDs = 41.4%; p < 0.05) and hypoxia (% of killing OLNDs = 43.1%; p < 0.01; OFNDs = 37.7%; p < 0.05), while dTHP-1-mediated killing was not affected. The secretion of the inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β) induced by E. faecalis infection in dTHP-1 was reduced by both types of nanodroplets, suggesting a novel anti-inflammatory activity of the dextran shell. Instead, the increase of VEGF induced by hypoxia was reduced only by OLNDs. These data provide new knowledge on the effects of OLNDs as innovative adjuvant in chronic wounds healing promoting bacterial killing and reducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Perego
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Rosalia Maria Ticozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Adriano Troia
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Mauro Prato
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Donatella Taramelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Basilico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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19
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Lucena MDA, Ramos IFDS, Geronço MS, de Araújo R, da Silva Filho FL, da Silva LMLR, de Sousa RWR, Ferreira PMP, Osajima JA, Silva-Filho EC, Rizzo MDS, Ribeiro AB, da Costa MP. Biopolymer from Water Kefir as a Potential Clean-Label Ingredient for Health Applications: Evaluation of New Properties. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123895. [PMID: 35745016 PMCID: PMC9231297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to characterize the exopolysaccharide obtained from water kefir grains (EPSwk), a symbiotic association of probiotic microorganisms. New findings of the technological, mechanical, and biological properties of the sample were studied. The EPSwk polymer presented an Mw of 6.35 × 105 Da. The biopolymer also showed microcrystalline structure and characteristic thermal stability with maximum thermal degradation at 250 °C. The analysis of the monosaccharides of the EPSwk by gas chromatography demonstrated that the material is composed of glucose units (98 mol%). Additionally, EPSwk exhibited excellent emulsifying properties, film-forming ability, a low photodegradation rate (3.8%), and good mucoadhesive properties (adhesion Fmax of 1.065 N). EPSwk presented cytocompatibility and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of this study expand the potential application of the exopolysaccharide from water kefir as a potential clean-label raw material for pharmaceutical, biomedical, and cosmetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa de Alencar Lucena
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.d.A.L.); (I.F.d.S.R.); (M.S.G.); (R.d.A.); (J.A.O.); (E.C.S.-F.); (M.P.d.C.)
| | - Igor Frederico da Silveira Ramos
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.d.A.L.); (I.F.d.S.R.); (M.S.G.); (R.d.A.); (J.A.O.); (E.C.S.-F.); (M.P.d.C.)
| | - Maurycyo Silva Geronço
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.d.A.L.); (I.F.d.S.R.); (M.S.G.); (R.d.A.); (J.A.O.); (E.C.S.-F.); (M.P.d.C.)
| | - Ricardo de Araújo
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.d.A.L.); (I.F.d.S.R.); (M.S.G.); (R.d.A.); (J.A.O.); (E.C.S.-F.); (M.P.d.C.)
| | | | - Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues da Silva
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal;
| | - Rayran Walter Ramos de Sousa
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (R.W.R.d.S.); (P.M.P.F.)
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (R.W.R.d.S.); (P.M.P.F.)
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;
| | - Josy Anteveli Osajima
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.d.A.L.); (I.F.d.S.R.); (M.S.G.); (R.d.A.); (J.A.O.); (E.C.S.-F.); (M.P.d.C.)
| | - Edson Cavalcanti Silva-Filho
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.d.A.L.); (I.F.d.S.R.); (M.S.G.); (R.d.A.); (J.A.O.); (E.C.S.-F.); (M.P.d.C.)
| | - Márcia dos Santos Rizzo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;
| | - Alessandra Braga Ribeiro
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Marcilia Pinheiro da Costa
- Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.d.A.L.); (I.F.d.S.R.); (M.S.G.); (R.d.A.); (J.A.O.); (E.C.S.-F.); (M.P.d.C.)
- College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;
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20
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Biological Functions of Exopolysaccharides from Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Potential Benefits for Humans and Farmed Animals. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091284. [PMID: 35564008 PMCID: PMC9101012 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) synthesize exopolysaccharides (EPS), which are structurally diverse biopolymers with a broad range of technological properties and bioactivities. There is scientific evidence that these polymers have health-promoting properties. Most commercialized probiotic microorganisms for consumption by humans and farmed animals are LAB and some of them are EPS-producers indicating that some of their beneficial properties could be due to these polymers. Probiotic LAB are currently used to improve human health and for the prevention and treatment of specific pathologic conditions. They are also used in food-producing animal husbandry, mainly due to their abilities to promote growth and inhibit pathogens via different mechanisms, among which the production of EPS could be involved. Thus, the aim of this review is to discuss the current knowledge of the characteristics, usage and biological role of EPS from LAB, as well as their postbiotic action in humans and animals, and to predict the future contribution that they could have on the diet of food animals to improve productivity, animal health status and impact on public health.
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21
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Pourjafar H, Ansari F, Sadeghi A, Samakkhah SA, Jafari SM. Functional and health-promoting properties of probiotics' exopolysaccharides; isolation, characterization, and applications in the food industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8194-8225. [PMID: 35266799 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2047883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are extracellular sugar metabolites/polymers of some slim microorganisms and, a wide variety of probiotics have been broadly investigated for their ability to produce EPS. EPS originated from probiotics have potential applications in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetology, wastewater treatment, and textiles industries, nevertheless slight is recognized about their function. The present review purposes to comprehensively discuss the structure, classification, biosynthesis, extraction, purification, sources, health-promoting properties, techno-functional benefits, application in the food industry, safety, toxicology, analysis, and characterization methods of EPS originated from probiotic microorganisms. Various studies have shown that probiotic EPS used as stabilizers, emulsifiers, gelling agents, viscosifiers, and prebiotics can alter the nutritional, texture, and rheological characteristics of food and beverages and play a major role in improving the quality of these products. Numerous studies have also proven the beneficial health effects of probiotic EPS, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, antibiofilm, antiulcer, and antitoxin activities. Although the use of probiotic EPS has health effects and improves the organoleptic and textural properties of food and pharmaceutical products and there is a high tendency for their use in related industries, the production yield of these products is low and requires basic studies to support their products in large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Pourjafar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Ansari
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Shohre Alian Samakkhah
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary of Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technology, Amol, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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22
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Wu J, Han X, Ye M, Li Y, Wang X, Zhong Q. Exopolysaccharides synthesized by lactic acid bacteria: biosynthesis pathway, structure-function relationship, structural modification and applicability. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7043-7064. [PMID: 35213280 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2043822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics and their fermentation products are increasingly been focused on due to their health-boosting effects. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) synthetized by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely applied as texture modifiers in dairy, meat and bakery products owning to their improved properties. Moreover, LAB-derived EPS have been confirmed to possess diverse physiological bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-biofilm, antiviral, immune-regulatory or antitumor. However, the low production and high acquisition cost hinder their development. Even though LAB-derived EPS have been extensively studied for their production-improving, there are only few reports on the systematic elucidation and summary of the relationship among biosynthesis pathway, strain selection, production parameter, structure-function relationship. Therefore, a detailed summary on biosynthesis pathway, production parameter and structure-function relationship of LAB-derived EPS is provided in this review, the structural modifications together with the current and potential applications are also discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Science, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangpeng Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meizhi Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Science, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingping Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Notararigo S, Varela E, Otal A, Antolín M, Guarner F, López P. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of an O-2-Substituted (1-3)-β-D-Glucan Produced by Pediococcus parvulus 2.6 in a Caco-2 PMA-THP-1 Co-Culture Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031527. [PMID: 35163449 PMCID: PMC8835822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial β-glucans are exopolysaccharides (EPSs), which can protect bacteria or cooperate in biofilm formation or in bacterial cell adhesion. Pediococcus parvulus 2.6 is a lactic acid bacterium that produces an O-2-substituted (1-3)-β-D-glucan. The structural similarity of this EPS to active compounds such as laminarin, together with its ability to modulate the immune system and to adhere in vitro to human enterocytes, led us to investigate, in comparison with laminarin, its potential as an immunomodulator of in vitro co-cultured Caco-2 and PMA-THP-1 cells. O-2-substituted (1-3)-β-D-glucan synthesized by the GTF glycosyl transferase of Pediococcus parvulus 2.6 or that by Lactococcus lactis NZ9000[pGTF] were purified and used in this study. The XTT tests revealed that all β-glucans were non-toxic for both cell lines and activated PMA-THP-1 cells’ metabolisms. The O-2-substituted (1-3)-β-D-glucan modulated production and expression of IL-8 and the IL-10 in Caco-2 and PMA-THP-1 cells. Laminarin also modulated cytokine production by diminishing TNF-α in Caco-2 cells and IL-8 in PMA-THP-1. All these features could be considered with the aim to produce function foods, supplemented with laminarin or with another novel β-glucan-producing strain, in order to ameliorate an individual’s immune system response toward pathogens or to control mild side effects in remission patients affected by inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Notararigo
- Molecular Biology of Gram-Positive Bacteria, Margarita Salas Center for Biological Research (CIB-Margarita Salas-CSIC), Department of Microbial and Plant Biotechnology, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Digestive System Research Unit, Institut de RecercaValld’Hebron (VHIR), University Hospital Valld’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (A.O.); (M.A.); (F.G.)
- Foundation Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Encarnación Varela
- Digestive System Research Unit, Institut de RecercaValld’Hebron (VHIR), University Hospital Valld’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (A.O.); (M.A.); (F.G.)
- CIBERehd, Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Otal
- Digestive System Research Unit, Institut de RecercaValld’Hebron (VHIR), University Hospital Valld’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (A.O.); (M.A.); (F.G.)
| | - María Antolín
- Digestive System Research Unit, Institut de RecercaValld’Hebron (VHIR), University Hospital Valld’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (A.O.); (M.A.); (F.G.)
- CIBERehd, Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Guarner
- Digestive System Research Unit, Institut de RecercaValld’Hebron (VHIR), University Hospital Valld’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (A.O.); (M.A.); (F.G.)
- CIBERehd, Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma López
- Molecular Biology of Gram-Positive Bacteria, Margarita Salas Center for Biological Research (CIB-Margarita Salas-CSIC), Department of Microbial and Plant Biotechnology, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-837-31-12; Fax: +34-91-538-04-32
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24
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Variability of Bacterial Homopolysaccharide Production and Properties during Food Processing. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020171. [PMID: 35205038 PMCID: PMC8869377 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Various homopolysaccharides (HoPSs) can be produced by bacteria: α- and β-glucans, β-fructans and α-galactans, which are polymers of glucose, fructose and galactose, respectively. The synthesis of these compounds is catalyzed by glycosyltransferases (glycansucrases), which are able to transfer the monosaccharides in a specific substrate to the medium, which results in the growth of polysaccharide chains. The range of HoPS sizes is very large, from 104 to 109 Da, and mostly depends on the carbon source in the medium and the catalyzing enzyme. However, factors such as nitrogen nutrients, pH, water activity, temperature and duration of bacterial culture also impact the size and yield of production. The sequence of the enzyme influences the structure of the HoPS, by modulating the type of linkage between monomers, both for the linear chain and for the ramifications. HoPSs' size and structure have an effect on rheological properties of some foods by their influence on viscosity index. As a consequence, the control of structural and environmental factors opens ways to guide the production of specific HoPS in foods by bacteria, either by in situ or ex situ production, but requires a better knowledge of HoPS production conditions.
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25
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Chen Z, Ni D, Cheng M, Zhu Y, Mu W. Comparative study of physicochemical properties of dextran and reuteran synthesised by two glucansucrases that are highly similar in amino acid sequence. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Mei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety Jiangnan University Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 China
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26
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Some Important Metabolites Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria Originated from Kimchi. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092148. [PMID: 34574257 PMCID: PMC8465840 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used for various food fermentations for thousands of years. Recently, LAB are receiving increased attention due to their great potential as probiotics for man and animals, and also as cell factories for producing enzymes, antibodies, vitamins, exopolysaccharides, and various feedstocks. LAB are safe organisms with GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status and possess relatively simple metabolic pathways easily subjected to modifications. However, relatively few studies have been carried out on LAB inhabiting plants compared to dairy LAB. Kimchi is a Korean traditional fermented vegetable, and its fermentation is carried out by LAB inhabiting plant raw materials of kimchi. Kimchi represents a model food with low pH and is fermented at low temperatures and in anaerobic environments. LAB have been adjusting to kimchi environments, and produce various metabolites such as bacteriocins, γ-aminobutyric acid, ornithine, exopolysaccharides, mannitol, etc. as products of metabolic efforts to adjust to the environments. The metabolites also contribute to the known health-promoting effects of kimchi. Due to the recent progress in multi-omics technologies, identification of genes and gene products responsible for the synthesis of functional metabolites becomes easier than before. With the aid of tools of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, it can be envisioned that LAB strains producing valuable metabolites in large quantities will be constructed and used as starters for foods and probiotics for improving human health. Such LAB strains can also be useful as production hosts for value-added products for food, feed, and pharmaceutical industries. In this review, recent findings on the selected metabolites produced by kimchi LAB are discussed, and the potentials of metabolites will be mentioned.
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Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Doughs in Spain Produce Dextrans and Riboflavin. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092004. [PMID: 34574114 PMCID: PMC8470351 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce metabolites with applications in the food industry, such as dextran-type exopolysaccharides (EPS) and riboflavin (vitamin B2). Here, 72 bacteria were isolated from sourdoughs made by Spanish bread-makers. In the presence of sucrose, colonies of 22 isolates showed a ropy phenotype, and NMR analysis of their EPS supported that 21 of them were dextran producers. These isolates were identified by their random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns and their rrs and pheS gene sequences as LAB belonging to four species (Weissella cibaria, Leuconostoc citreum, Leuconostoc falkenbergense and Leuconostoc mesenteroides). Six selected strains from the Leuconostoc (3) and Weissella (3) genera grew in the absence of riboflavin and synthesized vitamin B2. The EPS produced by these strains were characterized as dextrans by physicochemical analysis, and the L. citreum polymer showed an unusually high degree of branching. Quantification of the riboflavin and the EPS productions showed that the W. cibaria strains produce the highest levels (585–685 μg/and 6.5–7.4 g/L, respectively). Therefore, these new LAB strains would be good candidates for the development of fermented foods bio-fortified with both dextrans and riboflavin. Moreover, this is the first report of riboflavin and dextran production by L. falkenbergense.
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28
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Abarquero D, Renes E, Fresno JM, Tornadijo ME. Study of exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria and their industrial applications: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Abarquero
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of León León 24071 Spain
| | - Erica Renes
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of León León 24071 Spain
| | - José María Fresno
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of León León 24071 Spain
| | - María Eugenia Tornadijo
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of León León 24071 Spain
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29
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Abstract
Dextran is an exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesized by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) or their enzymes in the presence of sucrose. Dextran is composed of a linear chain of d-glucoses linked by α-(1→6) bonds, with possible branches of d-glucoses linked by α-(1→4), α-(1→3), or α-(1→2) bonds, which can be low (<40 kDa) or high molecular weight (>40 kDa). The characteristics of dextran in terms of molecular weight and branches depend on the producing strain, so there is a great variety in its properties. Dextran has commercial interest because its solubility, viscosity, and thermal and rheological properties allow it to be used in food, pharmaceutical, and research areas. The aim of this review article is to compile the latest research (in the past decade) using LAB to synthesize high or low molecular weight dextran. In addition, studies using modified enzymes to produce dextran with specific structural characteristics (molecular weights and branches) are addressed. On the other hand, special attention is paid to LAB extracted from unconventional sources to expose their capacities as dextran producers and their possible application to compete with the only commercial strain (Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B512).
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30
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Rheological and emulsifying properties of an exopolysaccharide produced by potential probiotic Leuconostoc citreum-BMS strain. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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31
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Chen Z, Ni D, Zhang W, Stressler T, Mu W. Lactic acid bacteria-derived α-glucans: From enzymatic synthesis to miscellaneous applications. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 47:107708. [PMID: 33549610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are capable of producing a variety of exopolysaccharide α-glucans, such as dextran, mutan, reuteran, and alternan. Their structural diversity allows LAB-derived α-glucans to hold vast commercial value and application potential in the food, cosmetic, medical, and biotechnology fields, garnering much attention in recent years. Glycoside Hydrolase 70 family (GH70) enzymes are efficient tools for the biosynthesis of α-glucans with various sizes, linkage compositions, and degrees of branching, using renewable and low-cost sucrose and starch as substrates. To date, plenty of various LAB-derived GH70 glucansucrases (especially dextransucrase) have been biochemically characterized to synthesize α-glucans from sucrose with a variety of structural organizations. This review mainly aimed at the biotechnological synthesis of α-glucans using GH70 family enzymes and their diverse (potential) applications. The purification, structural analysis and physicochemical properties of α-glucan polysaccharides were reviewed in detail. Synchronously, some new insights and future perspectives of LAB-derived α-glucans enzymatic synthesis and applications were also discussed. To expand the range of applications, the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of LAB-derived α-glucans, other than dextran, should be further explored. Additionally, screening novel GH70 subfamily starch-acting enzymes is conducive to expanding the repertoire of α-glucans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Timo Stressler
- Independend Researcher, 64546 Mörfelden-Walldorf, Germany
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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32
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Schmid J, Wefers D, Vogel RF, Jakob F. Analysis of Structural and Functional Differences of Glucans Produced by the Natively Released Dextransucrase of Liquorilactobacillus hordei TMW 1.1822. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:96-110. [PMID: 32820351 PMCID: PMC7790797 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The properties of the glucopolymer dextran are versatile and linked to its molecular size, structure, branching, and secondary structure. However, suited strategies to control and exploit the variable structures of dextrans are scarce. The aim of this study was to delineate structural and functional differences of dextrans, which were produced in buffers at different conditions using the native dextransucrase released by Liquorilactobacillus (L.) hordei TMW 1.1822. Rheological measurements revealed that dextran produced at pH 4.0 (MW = 1.1 * 108 Da) exhibited the properties of a viscoelastic fluid up to concentrations of 10% (w/v). By contrast, dextran produced at pH 5.5 (MW = 1.86 * 108 Da) was gel-forming already at 7.5% (w/v). As both dextrans exhibited comparable molecular structures, the molecular weight primarily influenced their rheological properties. The addition of maltose to the production assays caused the formation of the trisaccharide panose instead of dextran. Moreover, pre-cultures of L. hordei TMW 1.1822 grown without sucrose were substantial for recovery of higher dextran yields, since the cells stored the constitutively expressed dextransucrase intracellularly, until sucrose became available. These findings can be exploited for the controlled recovery of functionally diverse dextrans and oligosaccharides by the use of one dextransucrase type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Schmid
- Chair of Technical Microbiology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Daniel Wefers
- Division of Food Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rudi F Vogel
- Chair of Technical Microbiology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Frank Jakob
- Chair of Technical Microbiology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany.
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33
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The role of dextran production in the metabolic context of Leuconostoc and Weissella Tunisian strains. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 253:117254. [PMID: 33279004 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
High molecular weight dextrans improve the rheological properties of fermented products and have immunomodulatory and antiviral activity. We report on 5.84 × 107-2.61 × 108 Da dextrans produced by Leuconostoc lactis AV1n, Weissella cibaria AV2ou and Weissella confusa V30 and FS54 strains. Dextransucrases catalyze dextran synthesis by sucrose hydrolysis concomitant with fructose generation. The four bacteria have dextransucrases with molecular weight of about 160 kDa detected by zymograms. Each bacterium showed different interplay of dextran production and metabolic fluxes. All bacteria produced lactate, and AV2ou apart, synthesized mannitol from fructose. FS54 hydrolyzed dextran blue and the concentration of dextran produced by this bacterium decreased during the stationary phase. The AV1n binding to Caco-2 cells and polystyrene plates was higher under conditions for dextran synthesis. Thus, this is the first instance of a Weissella dextranase, associated with a dextransucrase ability, and of a positive influence of dextran on adhesion and aggregation properties of a bacterium.
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34
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Extracellular polysaccharides produced by bacteria of the Leuconostoc genus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:161. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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35
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Uranga J, Llamas MG, Agirrezabala Z, Dueñas MT, Etxebeste O, Guerrero P, de la Caba K. Compression Molded Soy Protein Films with Exopolysaccharides Produced by Cider Lactic Acid Bacteria. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2106. [PMID: 32947835 PMCID: PMC7570117 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, Liquorilactobacillus (L.) sp CUPV281 and Liquorilactobacillus (L.) mali CUPV271, were isolated from Spanish apple must. Each of the strains produced a dextran, with different branching degrees, to be incorporated into soy protein isolate (SPI) film-forming formulations. Films were prepared by compression molding, a more rapid processing method than solution casting and, thus, with a greater potential for scaling-up production. Thermal analysis showed that SPI and EPS start the degradation process at temperatures above 190 °C, confirming that the compression temperature selected (120 °C) was well below the corresponding degradation temperatures. Resulting films were transparent and homogeneous, as shown by UV-Vis spectroscopy and SEM, indicating the good compatibility between SPI and EPS. Furthermore, FTIR analysis showed that the interactions between SPI and EPS were physical interactions, probably by hydrogen bonding among the polar groups of SPI and EPS. Regarding antifungal/fungistatic activity, LAB strains used in this study showed an inhibitory effect on germination of fungal spores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Uranga
- BIOMAT Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, Plaza de Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;
| | - Mª Goretti Llamas
- GLYCOBAL Research Group, Facultad de Química, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.L.); (Z.A.); (M.T.D.); (O.E.)
| | - Ziortza Agirrezabala
- GLYCOBAL Research Group, Facultad de Química, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.L.); (Z.A.); (M.T.D.); (O.E.)
| | - María Teresa Dueñas
- GLYCOBAL Research Group, Facultad de Química, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.L.); (Z.A.); (M.T.D.); (O.E.)
| | - Oier Etxebeste
- GLYCOBAL Research Group, Facultad de Química, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.L.); (Z.A.); (M.T.D.); (O.E.)
| | - Pedro Guerrero
- BIOMAT Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, Plaza de Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;
| | - Koro de la Caba
- BIOMAT Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, Plaza de Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;
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36
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Lactobacillus exopolysaccharides: New perspectives on engineering strategies, physiochemical functions, and immunomodulatory effects on host health. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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37
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Milanović V, Osimani A, Garofalo C, Belleggia L, Maoloni A, Cardinali F, Mozzon M, Foligni R, Aquilanti L, Clementi F. Selection of cereal-sourced lactic acid bacteria as candidate starters for the baking industry. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236190. [PMID: 32702068 PMCID: PMC7377444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of sourdough bread mainly depends on metabolic activities of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by LAB affect positively the technological and nutritional properties of the bread, while phytases improve the bioavailability of the minerals by reducing its phytate content. In the present study, a pool of 152 cereal-sourced LAB were screened for production of phytases and EPS for potential use as sourdough starter cultures for the baking industry. There was large heterogeneity in the phytase activity observed among the screened isolates, with 95% showing the ability to degrade sodium phytate on plates containing Sourdough Simulation Medium (SSM). The isolates Lactobacillus brevis LD65 and Lactobacillus plantarum PB241 showed the highest enzymatic activity, while the isolates ascribed to Weissella confusa were characterized by low or no phytase activity. Only 18% of the screened LAB produced EPS, which were distinguished as ropy or mucoid phenotypes on SSM supplemented with sucrose. Almost all the EPS producers carried one or more genes (epsD/E and/or epsA) involved in the production of heteropolysaccharides (HePS), whereas the isolates ascribed to Leuconostoc citreum and W. confusa carried genes involved in the production of both HePS and homopolysaccharides (HoPS). Monosaccharide composition analysis of the EPS produced by a selected subset of isolates revealed that all the HePS included glucose, mannose, and galactose, though at different ratios. Furthermore, a few isolates ascribed to L. citreum and W. confusa and carrying the gtf gene produced β-glucans after fermentation in an ad hoc formulated barley flour medium. Based on the overall results collected, a subset of candidate sourdough starter cultures for the baking industry was selected, including Lb. brevis LD66 and L. citreum PB220, which showed high phytase activity and positive EPS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Milanović
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Osimani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristiana Garofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Belleggia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonietta Maoloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Cardinali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Mozzon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Foligni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucia Aquilanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- * E-mail: (FC); (LA)
| | - Francesca Clementi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- * E-mail: (FC); (LA)
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Liao N, Pang B, Jin H, Xu X, Yan L, Li H, Shao D, Shi J. Potential of lactic acid bacteria derived polysaccharides for the delivery and controlled release of oral probiotics. J Control Release 2020; 323:110-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Tukenmez U, Aktas B, Aslim B, Yavuz S. The relationship between the structural characteristics of lactobacilli-EPS and its ability to induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8268. [PMID: 31164685 PMCID: PMC6547643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common cancer around the world. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) produced by lactobacilli as potential prebiotics have been found to have an anti-tumor effect. In this study, lyophilized EPSs of four Lactobacillus spp. for their impact on apoptosis in colon cancer cells (HT-29) was evaluated using flow cytometry. The relationship between capability of a lactobacilli-EPS to induce apoptosis and their monosaccharide composition, molecular weight (MW), and linkage type was investigated by HPLC, SEC, and NMR, respectively. Changes in apoptotic-markers were examined by qPCR and Western Blotting. EPSs were capable of inhibiting proliferation in a time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis via increasing the expression of Bax, Caspase 3 and 9 while decreasing Bcl-2 and Survivin. All EPSs contained mannose, glucose, and N-acetylglucosamine with different relative proportions. Some contained arabinose or fructose. MW ranged from 102-104Da with two or three fractions. EPS of L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus B3 having the highest amount of mannose and the lowest amount of glucose, showed the highest apoptosis induction. In conclusion, lactobacilli-EPSs inhibit cell proliferation in HT-29 via apoptosis. Results suggest that a relationship exists between the ability of EPS to induce apoptosis and its mannose and glucose composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Busra Aktas
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
| | - Belma Aslim
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yavuz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Hundschell CS, Wagemans AM. Rheology of common uncharged exopolysaccharides for food applications. Curr Opin Food Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Du Y, Wang L, Mu R, Wang Y, Li Y, Wu D, Wu C, Pang J. Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Besrour-Aouam N, Mohedano ML, Fhoula I, Zarour K, Najjari A, Aznar R, Prieto A, Ouzari HI, López P. Different Modes of Regulation of the Expression of Dextransucrase in Leuconostoc lactis AV1n and Lactobacillus sakei MN1. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:959. [PMID: 31134012 PMCID: PMC6513889 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leuconostoc lactis AV1 strain isolated from a Tunisian avocado was characterized as a dextran producer. The promoter P dsrLL and the dsrLL gene encoding the DsrLL dextransucrase responsible for the dextran synthesis were transcriptionally fused to the mCherry coding gene generating the pRCR20 plasmid. Upon plasmid transfer, both AV1n and the dextran non-producing Leuconostoc mesenteroides CM70 became red due to expression of the mCherry from the P dsrLL-dsr-mrfp transcriptional fusion. Characterization of the polymers present in cultures supernatants revealed that the DsrLL encoded from pRCR20 in the recombinant bacteria was able to synthesize dextran. The production of dextran by the DsrLL in AV1n increased in response to low temperature, reaching 10-fold higher levels at 20°C than at 37°C (4.15 g/L versus 0.41 g/L). To analyze if this stress response includes activation at the transcriptional level and if it was only restricted to Leuconostoc, AV1n was transformed with plasmids carrying either the P dsrLL -mrfp fusion or the P dsrLS of Lactobacillus sakei MN1 fused to the mrfp gene, and the influence of temperature and carbon source on expression from the Dsr promoters was monitored by measurement of the mCherry levels. The overall expression analysis confirmed an induction of expression from P dsrLL upon growth at low temperature (20°C versus 30°C and 37°C) in the presence of sugars tested (sucrose, glucose, maltose, and fructose). In addition, the presence of sucrose, the substrate of Dsr, also resulted in activation of expression from P dsrLL . A different behavior was detected, when expression from P dsrLS was evaluated. Similar levels of fluorescence were observed irrespectively of the carbon source or temperature, besides a sequential decrease at 30°C and 20°C, when sucrose was present in the growth medium. In conclusion, the two types of regulation of expression of Dsr presented here revealed two different mechanisms for environmental adaptation of Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus that could be exploited for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhane Besrour-Aouam
- Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives (LR03ES03), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Department of Microbial and Plant Biotechnology, Biological Research Center (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Mohedano
- Department of Microbial and Plant Biotechnology, Biological Research Center (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Imene Fhoula
- Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives (LR03ES03), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kenza Zarour
- Department of Microbial and Plant Biotechnology, Biological Research Center (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée (LMA), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université d’Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
| | - Afef Najjari
- Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives (LR03ES03), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rosa Aznar
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
- Spanish Type Culture Collection (CECT), University of Valencia, Paterna, Spain
- Department of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | - Alicia Prieto
- Department of Microbial and Plant Biotechnology, Biological Research Center (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hadda-Imene Ouzari
- Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives (LR03ES03), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Paloma López
- Department of Microbial and Plant Biotechnology, Biological Research Center (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Llamas-Arriba MG, Puertas AI, Prieto A, López P, Cobos M, Miranda JI, Marieta C, Ruas-Madiedo P, Dueñas MT. Characterization of dextrans produced by Lactobacillus mali CUPV271 and Leuconostoc carnosum CUPV411. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Heteropolysaccharide-producing bifidobacteria for the development of functional dairy products. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Zhou Y, Cui Y, Qu X. Exopolysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria: Structure, bioactivity and associations: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 207:317-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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46
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Zarour K, Prieto A, Pérez-Ramos A, Kihal M, López P. Analysis of technological and probiotic properties of Algerian L. mesenteroides strains isolated from dairy and non-dairy products. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Llamas-Arriba MG, Pérez-Ramos A, Puertas AI, López P, Dueñas MT, Prieto A. Characterization of Pediococcus ethanolidurans CUPV141: A β-D-glucan- and Heteropolysaccharide-Producing Bacterium. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2041. [PMID: 30233527 PMCID: PMC6131198 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediococcus ethanolidurans CUPV141 is an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacterium, first isolated from Basque Country cider (Spain). Physicochemical analysis of the EPS synthesized by the bacterium revealed that CUPV141 produces mostly a homopolysaccharide (HoPS), characterized as a 2-substituted (1,3)-β-D-glucan, together with a small quantity of a heteropolysaccharide (HePS) composed of glucose, galactose, glucosamine, and glycerol-3-phosphate, this being the first Pediococcus strain described to produce this kind of polymer. On the contrary, an isogenic strain CUPV141NR, generated by chemical mutagenesis of CUPV141, produced the HePS as the main extracellular polysaccharide and a barely detectable amount of 2-substituted (1,3)-β-D-glucan. This HoPS is synthesized by the transmembrane GTF glycosyltransferase (GTF), encoded by the gtf gene, which has been previously reported to be located in the pPP2 plasmid of the Pediococcus parvulus 2.6 strain. Southern blot hybridization revealed that in CUPV141 the gtf gene is located in a plasmid designated as pPE3, whose molecular mass (34.4 kbp) is different from that of pPP2 (24.5 kbp). Analysis of the influence of the EPS on the ability of the producing bacteria to adhere to the eukaryotic Caco-2 cells revealed higher affinity for the human enterocytes of CUPV141NR compared to that of CUPV141. This result indicates that, in contrast to the 2.6 strain, the presence of the HoPS does not potentiate the binding ability of P. ethanolidurans. Moreover, it supports that the phosphate-containing bacterial HePS improved the interaction between P. ethanolidurans and the eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- María G. Llamas-Arriba
- Chemistry Faculty, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Microorganisms and Plant Technology, Biological Research Center, Spanish National Research Council (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Pérez-Ramos
- Department of Microorganisms and Plant Technology, Biological Research Center, Spanish National Research Council (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Puertas
- Chemistry Faculty, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Paloma López
- Department of Microorganisms and Plant Technology, Biological Research Center, Spanish National Research Council (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María T. Dueñas
- Chemistry Faculty, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alicia Prieto
- Department of Microorganisms and Plant Technology, Biological Research Center, Spanish National Research Council (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Pérez-Ramos A, Mohedano ML, Pardo MÁ, López P. β-Glucan-Producing Pediococcus parvulus 2.6: Test of Probiotic and Immunomodulatory Properties in Zebrafish Models. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1684. [PMID: 30090096 PMCID: PMC6068264 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria synthesize exopolysaccharides (EPS), which could benefit the host's health as immunomodulators. Furthermore, EPS could protect bacteria against gastrointestinal stress, favoring gut colonization, thus protecting the host against pathogenic infections. Pediococcus parvulus 2.6, produces a 2-substituted (1,3)-β-D-glucan and, in this work, its probiotic properties as well as the immunomodulatory capability of its EPS have been investigated using Danio rerio (zebrafish). To this end and for a comparative analysis, P. parvulus 2.6 and its isogenic β-glucan-non-producing 2.6NR strain were fluorescently labeled by transfer of the pRCR12 plasmid, which encodes the mCherry protein. For the in vivo studies, there were used: (i) a gnotobiotic larvae zebrafish model for bacterial colonization, pathogen competition, and evaluation of the β-glucan immunomodulation capability and (ii) a transgenic (mpx:GFP) zebrafish model to determine the EPS influence in the recruitment of neutrophils under an induced inflammation. The results revealed a positive effect of the β-glucan on colonization of the zebrafish gut by P. parvulus, as well as in competition of the bacterium with the pathogen Vibrio anguillarum in this environment. The larvae treatment with the purified β-glucan resulted in a decrease of expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the β-glucan had an anti-inflammatory effect, when it was evaluated in an induced inflammation model of Tg(mpx:GFP) zebrafish. Therefore, P. parvulus 2.6 and its EPS showed positive health properties in in vivo fish models, supporting their potential usage in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Pérez-Ramos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Gram-positive Bacteria, Department of Microorganisms and Plant Biotechnology, Biological Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria L. Mohedano
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Gram-positive Bacteria, Department of Microorganisms and Plant Biotechnology, Biological Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Á. Pardo
- Food Research Division, Centro Tecnológico de Investigación Marina y Alimentaria (AZTI), Derio, Spain
| | - Paloma López
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Gram-positive Bacteria, Department of Microorganisms and Plant Biotechnology, Biological Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
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Characterization of highly branched dextran produced by Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:45-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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50
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Abstract
Dextran from Weissella confusa R003 isolated from sugar cane juice was purified and characterized. Dextran synthesis was performed by fermenting W. confusa R003 in MRS medium containing 10% (w/v) sucrose with continuous shaking at 125 rpm and at 30°C. For 24 hours, the 50% efficiency yield was obtained. Dextran in the culture medium was purified by ethanol precipitation. Structural analysis of dextran using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 2D NMR techniques showed the existence of glucoses with 97.4% α (1→6) linkage in the main chains and 2.6% α (1→3) in branches. The estimation of molecular weight by dynamic light scattering exhibited average molecular weight of 1.0 × 104 kDa. At low concentration (2.5% w/v), dextran behaved like liquid structure, while, increasing the concentration (5.0 and 10.0% w/v), it was revealed as viscoelastic behavior. The highest gelling phenomenon was found in the concentration of 10% w/v and at 37°C. Due to its production and properties, it may be suitable for commercial production and application in the field of foods as well as hydrogel.
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