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Zhuang H, Zheng F, Zhang H, Wang J, Chen J. Efficacious bioconversion of alginate/cellulose to value-added oligosaccharides by alginate-degrading GH5 endoglucanase from Trichoderma asperellum. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:131968. [PMID: 38704059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic degradation of lignocellulosic biomass provides an eco-friendly approach to produce value-added macromolecules, e.g., bioactive polysaccharides. A novel acidophilic GH5 β-1,4-endoglucanase (termed TaCel5) from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 was efficiently expressed in Komagataella phaffii (∼1.5-fold increase, 38.42 U/mL). TaCel5 displayed both endoglucanase (486.3 U/mg) and alginate lyase (359.5 U/mg) enzyme activities. It had optimal pH 3.0 and strong pH stability (exceed 86 % activity retained over pH range 3.0-5.0). 80 % activity (both endoglucanase and alginate lyase) was retained in the presence of 15 % ethanol or 3.42 M NaCl. Analysis of action mode revealed that hydrolytic activity of TaCel5 required at least three glucose (cellotriose) residues, yielding mainly cellobiose. Glu241 and Glu352 are essential catalytic residues, while Asp106, Asp277 and Asp317 play auxiliary roles in cellulose degradation. TaCel5 displayed high hydrolysis efficiency for glucan and alginate substrates. ESI-MS analysis indicated that the enzymatic hydrolysates of alginate mainly contained disaccharides and heptasaccharides. This is the first detailed report of a bifunctional GH5 endoglucanase/alginate lyase enzyme from T. asperellum. Thus TaCel5 has strong potential in food and feed industries as a catalyst for bioconversion of cellulose- and alginate-containing waste materials into value-added products oligosaccharides, which was of great benefit both for the economy and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhuang
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengzhen Zheng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Hengbin Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
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2
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Zheng F, Basit A, Wang J, Zhuang H, Chen J, Zhang J. Characterization of a novel acidophilic, ethanol tolerant and halophilic GH12 β-1,4-endoglucanase from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 and its synergistic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127650. [PMID: 38287580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
A novel acidophilic GH5 β-1,4-endoglucanase (TaCel12) from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 was efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris (a 1.5-fold increase). Deglycosylated TaCel12 migrated as a single band (26.5 kDa) in SDS-PAGE. TaCel12 was acidophilic with a pH optimum of 4.0 and displayed great pH stability (>80 % activity over pH 3.0-5.0). TaCel12 exhibited considerable activity towards sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium alginate with Vmax values of 197.97 μmol/min/mg and 119.06 μmol/min/mg, respectively. Moreover, TaCel12 maintained >80 % activity in the presence of 20 % ethanol and 4.28 M NaCl. Additionally, Mn2+, Pb2+ and Cu2+ negatively affected TaCel12 activity, while the presence of 5 mM Co2+ significantly increased the enzyme activity. Analysis of action mode revealed that TaCel12 required at least four glucose (cellotetraose) residues for hydrolysis to yield cellobiose and cellotriose. Site-directed mutagenesis results suggested that Glu133 and Glu217 of TaCel12 are crucial catalytic residues, with Asp116 displaying an auxiliary function. Production of soluble sugars from lignocellulose is a crucial step in bioethanol development, and it is noteworthy that TaCel12 could synergistically yield fermentable sugars from corn stover and bagasse, respectively. Thus TaCel12 with excellent properties will be considered a potential biocatalyst for applications in various industries, especially for lignocellulosic biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Zheng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Microbiology, University of Jhang, Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Huan Zhuang
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jianfen Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
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3
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Wen J, Miao T, Basit A, Li Q, Tan S, Chen S, Ablimit N, Wang H, Wang Y, Zheng F, Jiang W. Highly efficient synergistic activity of an α-L-arabinofuranosidase for degradation of arabinoxylan in barley/wheat. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1230738. [PMID: 38029111 PMCID: PMC10655120 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1230738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, an α-L-arabinofuranosidase (termed TtAbf62) from Thermothelomyces thermophilus is described, which efficiently removes arabinofuranosyl side chains and facilitates arabinoxylan digestion. The specific activity of TtAbf62 (179.07 U/mg) toward wheat arabinoxylan was the highest among all characterized glycoside hydrolase family 62 enzymes. TtAbf62 in combination with endoxylanase and β-xylosidase strongly promoted hydrolysis of barley and wheat. The release of reducing sugars was significantly higher for the three-enzyme combination relative to the sum of single-enzyme treatments: 85.71% for barley hydrolysis and 33.33% for wheat hydrolysis. HPLC analysis showed that TtAbf62 acted selectively on monosubstituted (C-2 or C-3) xylopyranosyl residues rather than double-substituted residues. Site-directed mutagenesis and interactional analyses of enzyme-substrate binding structures revealed the catalytic sites of TtAbf62 formed different polysaccharide-catalytic binding modes with arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides. Our findings demonstrate a "multienzyme cocktail" formed by TtAbf62 with other hydrolases strongly improves the efficiency of hemicellulose conversion and increases biomass hydrolysis through synergistic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Abdul Basit
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology, University of Jhang, Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Qunhong Li
- Little Tiger Biotechnology Company Limited, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenglin Tan
- Little Tiger Biotechnology Company Limited, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuqing Chen
- Little Tiger Biotechnology Company Limited, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nuraliya Ablimit
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Liao H, Feng B, Ying W, Zhang J. Efficient production of xylobiose and xylotriose from corncob by mixed acids and xylanase hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129686. [PMID: 37595810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Propionic acid (PA) hydrolysis offers a potential pathway for industrial xylooligosaccharide (XOS) production owing to efficiency and simplicity of the process. However, the cost of XOS production needs to be reduced as PA is expensive. This work proposed a strategy of mixed acids hydrolysis, replacing 20% of PA with formic acid (FA), and combined with xylanase hydrolysis to reduce production costs and increase the production of XOS from corncob. The hydrolysis of corncob using mixed FA and PA in a mass ratio of 2:8 produced 61.8% XOS. Xylanase hydrolysis of corncob residue improved XOS yield to 73.1%. Among them, the X2 + X3 yield was as high as 50.6%. Economic evaluation showed that the combined process reduced the XOS production cost by 10.8% compared to PA hydrolysis. The strategy of using FA instead of 20% PA for hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis, with high XOS and monosaccharide yields from corncob, has potential industrial promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Baojun Feng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenjun Ying
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, China.
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5
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Zheng F, Basit A, Wang J, Zhuang H, Chen J, Zhang J. Biochemical analyses of a novel acidophilic GH5 β-mannanase from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 and its application in mannooligosaccharides production from galactomannans. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191553. [PMID: 37362936 PMCID: PMC10288326 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, an acidophilic GH5 β-mannanase (TaMan5) from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 was efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris (a 2.0-fold increase, 67.5 ± 1.95 U/mL). TaMan5 displayed the highest specificity toward locust bean gum (Km = 1.34 mg/mL, Vmax = 749.14 μmol/min/mg) at pH 4.0 and 65°C. Furthermore, TaMan5 displayed remarkable tolerance to acidic environments, retaining over 80% of its original activity at pH 3.0-5.0. The activity of TaMan5 was remarkably decreased by Cu2+, Mn2+, and SDS, while Fe2+/Fe3+ improved the enzyme activity. A thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis of the action model showed that TaMan5 could rapidly degrade mannan/MOS into mannobiose without mannose via hydrolysis action as well as transglycosylation. Site-directed mutagenesis results suggested that Glu205, Glu313, and Asp357 of TaMan5 are crucial catalytic residues, with Asp152 playing an auxiliary function. Additionally, TaMan5 and commercial α-galactosidase displayed a remarkable synergistic effect on the degradation of galactomannans. This study provided a novel β-mannanase with ideal characteristics and can be considered a potential candidate for the production of bioactive polysaccharide mannobiose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Zheng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Microbiology, University of Jhang, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhuang
- Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfen Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
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Tian W, Zhang Z, Yang C, Li P, Xiao J, Wang R, Du P, Li N, Wang J. Engineering mesophilic GH11 xylanase from Cellulomonas flavigena by rational design of N-terminus substitution. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1044291. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1044291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylanase, a glycoside hydrolase, is widely used in the food, papermaking, and textile industries; however, most xylanases are inactive at high temperatures. In this study, a xylanase gene, CFXyl3, was cloned from Cellulomonas flavigena and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). To improve the thermostability of xylanase, four hybrid xylanases with enhanced thermostability (designated EcsXyl1–4) were engineered from CFXyl3, guided by primary and 3D structure analyses. The optimal temperature of CFXyl3 was improved by replacing its N-terminus with the corresponding area of SyXyn11P, a xylanase that belongs to the hyperthermostable GH11 family. The optimal temperatures of the hybrid xylanases EcsXyl1–4 were 60, 60, 65, and 85°C, respectively. The optimal temperature of EcsXyl4 was 30 C higher than that of CFXyl3 (55°C) and its melting temperature was 34.5°C higher than that of CFXyl3. After the hydrolysis of beechwood xylan, the main hydrolysates were xylotetraose, xylotriose, and xylobiose; thus, these hybrid xylanases could be applied to prebiotic xylooligosaccharide manufacturing.
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7
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Characterization of a GH5 endoxylanase from Penicillium funiculosum and its synergism with GH16 endo-1,3(4)-glucanase in saccharification of sugarcane bagasse. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17219. [PMID: 36241677 PMCID: PMC9568505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of second-generation fuels from lignocellulosic residues such as sugarcane bagasse (SCB) requires the synergistic interaction of key cellulose-degrading enzymes and accessory proteins for their complete deconstruction to useful monomeric sugars. Here, we recombinantly expressed and characterized unknown GH5 xylanase from P. funiculosum (PfXyn5) in Pichia pastoris, which was earlier found in our study to be highly implicated in SCB saccharification. The PfXyn5 has a molecular mass of ~ 55 kDa and showed broad activity against a range of substrates like xylan, xyloglucan, laminarin and p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xylopyranoside, with the highest specific activity of 0.7 U/mg against xylan at pH 4.5 and 50 °C. Analysis of the degradation products of xylan and SCB by PfXyn5 showed significant production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) with a degree of polymerization (DP) ranging from two (DP2) to six (DP6), thus, suggesting that the PfXyn5 is an endo-acting enzyme. The enzyme synergistically improved the saccharification of SCB when combined with the crude cellulase cocktail of P. funiculosum with a degree of synergism up to 1.32. The PfXyn5 was further expressed individually and simultaneously with a notable GH16 endoglucanase (PfEgl16) in a catabolite-derepressed strain of P. funiculosum, PfMig188, and the saccharification efficiency of the secretomes from the resulting transformants were investigated on SCB. The secretome of PfMig188 overexpressing Xyn5 or Egl16 increased the saccharification of SCB by 9% or 7%, respectively, over the secretome of PfMig188, while the secretome of dual transformant increased SCB saccharification by ~ 15% at the same minimal protein concentration.
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8
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Zhang Y, Liu C, Yang M, Ou Z, Lin Y, Zhao F, Han S. Characterization and application of a novel xylanase from Halolactibacillus miurensis in wholewheat bread making. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1018476. [PMID: 36177175 PMCID: PMC9513849 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1018476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of arabinoxylan in wholewheat flour affects its quality significantly. Here, an efficient arabinoxylan hydrolytic enzyme, Hmxyn, from Halolactibacillus miurensis was identified and heterologously expressed in pichia pastoris. Moreover, its relevant properties, including potential application in the wholewheat bread were evaluated. Recombinant Hmxyn exhibited maximal activity at 45°C and pH 6.5, and was stable at mid-range temperature (<55°C) and pH (5.5–8.0) conditions. Hmxyn had a clear hydrolysis effect on wheat arabinoxylan in dough and caused the degradation of the water-unextractable arabinoxylan, which increased the content of wheat soluble arabinoxylan of dough. The fermentation characteristics results and microstructure analysis revealed that Hmxyn improved the organizational structure and air holding capacity of fermented dough, thus promoting the dough expansion. Baking experiments further showed that Hmxyn significantly increased specific volume- and texture-linked properties of wholewheat breads. This study indicates the application potential of Hmxyn in the preparation of wholewheat bread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manli Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuyun Ou
- Dongguan Huamei Food Co. Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengguang Zhao
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fengguang Zhao, ; Shuangyan Han,
| | - Shuangyan Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fengguang Zhao, ; Shuangyan Han,
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Liu Z, Wen S, Wu G, Wu H. Heterologous expression and characterization of Anaeromyces robustus xylanase and its use in bread making. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Whole-Genome Sequence and Comparative Analysis of Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 Reveal Its Unique Enzymatic System for Efficient Biomass Degradation. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12040437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The lignocellulosic enzymes of Trichoderma asperellum have been intensely investigated toward efficient conversion of biomass into high-value chemicals/industrial products. However, lack of genome data is a remarkable hurdle for hydrolase systems studies. The secretory enzymes of newly isolated T. asperellum ND-1 during lignocellulose degradation are currently poorly known. Herein, a high-quality genomic sequence of ND-1, obtained by both Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing platforms and PacBio single-molecule real-time, has an assembly size of 35.75 Mb comprising 10,541 predicted genes. Secretome analysis showed that 895 proteins were detected, with 211 proteins associated with carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) responsible for biomass hydrolysis. Additionally, T. asperellum ND-1, T. atroviride IMI 206040, and T. virens Gv-298 shared 801 orthologues that were not identified in T. reesei QM6a, indicating that ND-1 may play critical roles in biological-control. In-depth analysis suggested that, compared with QM6a, the genome of ND-1 encoded a unique enzymatic system, especially hemicellulases and chitinases. Moreover, after comparative analysis of lignocellulase activities of ND-1 and other fungi, we found that ND-1 displayed higher hemicellulases (particularly xylanases) and comparable cellulases activities. Our analysis, combined with the whole-genome sequence information, offers a platform for designing advanced T. asperellum ND-1 strains for industrial utilizations, such as bioenergy production.
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Nath S, Kango N. Recent Developments in Industrial Mycozymes: A Current Appraisal. Mycology 2022; 13:81-105. [PMID: 35711326 PMCID: PMC9196846 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2021.1974111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi, being natural decomposers, are the most potent, ubiquitous and versatile sources of industrial enzymes. About 60% of market share of industrial enzymes is sourced from filamentous fungi and yeasts. Mycozymes (myco-fungus; zymes-enzymes) are playing a pivotal role in several industrial applications and a number of potential applications are in the offing. The field of mycozyme production, while maintaining the old traditional methods, has also witnessed a sea change due to advents in recombinant DNA technology, optimisation protocols, fermentation technology and systems biology. Consolidated bioprocessing of abundant lignocellulosic biomass and complex polysaccharides is being explored at an unprecedented pace and a number of mycozymes of diverse fungal origins are being explored using suitable platforms. The present review attempts to revisit the current status of various mycozymes, screening and production strategies and applications thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Nath
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
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12
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Biochemical characterization and cleavage pattern analysis of a novel chitosanase with cellulase activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1979-1990. [PMID: 35175399 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Chitosanases are critical tools for the preparation of active oligosaccharides, whose composition is related to the cleavage pattern of the enzyme. Although numerous chitosanases have been characterized, the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 5 chitosanases with other activities have rarely been investigated. Herein, a novel and second GH5 chitosanase OUC-Csngly from Streptomyces bacillaris was cloned and further characterized by expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Interestingly, OUC-Csngly possessed dual chitosanase and cellulase activities. Molecular docking analysis showed that the C-2 group of sugar units affected the binding of the enzyme to oligosaccharides, which could result in different cleavage patterns toward chito-oligosaccharides (COSs) and cello-oligosaccharides. Further, we characterized OUC-Csngly's distinctive cleavage patterns toward two different types of oligosaccharides. Meanwhile, endo-type chitosanase OUC-Csngly generated (GlcN) - (GlcN)4 from chitosan, was significantly different from other chitosanases. To our knowledge, this is the first report to investigate the different cleavage patterns of chitosanase for COSs and cello-oligosaccharides.Key points• The molecular docking showed C-2 group of sugar units in substrate affecting the cleavage pattern.• The first chitosanase exhibited different cleavage patterns towards chito- and cello-oligosaccharides.• The groups at C-2 influence the subsite composition of the enzyme's active cleft.
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13
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Wang Y, Ablimit N, Zhang Y, Li J, Wang X, Liu J, Miao T, Wu L, Wang H, Wang Z, Lou H, Jiang W. Novel β-mannanase/GLP-1 fusion peptide high effectively ameliorates obesity in a mouse model by modifying balance of gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:753-763. [PMID: 34592220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We constructed a novel β-mannanase/GLP-1 fusion peptide, termed MGLP_1, and evaluated its ability to ameliorate obesity in a high-fat/high-sugar diet (HFSD)-induced mouse model. Eight-wk MGLP_1 treatment notably reduced obesity, as reflected by significant changes of body weight, serum triglyceride level, fatty liver and adipose tissue distribution. Amelioration of HFSD-induced gut dysbiosis by MGLP_1 was evidenced by reduced abundance ratio of bacterial phyla Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, enhanced abundance of beneficial probiotic genera (Bifidobacterium, Lachnospiraceae, Ileibacterium), and reduced abundance of harmful genera (Clostridium, Romboutsia). Mechanisms of weight loss were investigated by comparing effects of treatment with MGLP_1 vs. prebiotics manno-oligosaccharides (MOS). MGLP_1 ameliorated gut microbiota imbalance by enhancing carbohydrate catabolism, whereas MOS promoted glycan synthesis and metabolism. Our findings, taken together, indicate that MGLP_1 fusion peptide has strong potential for amelioration of obesity by modifying relationships between gut microbiota and lipid and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Nuraliya Ablimit
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- Agricultural Utilization Research Center, Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Jifu Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ting Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Anhui New Simon Biotech Company Limited, Suzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zengli Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Huiqiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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14
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Zeng W, Wang J, Shan X, Yu S, Zhou J. Efficient Production of Scleroglucan by Sclerotium rolfsii and Insights Into Molecular Weight Modification by High-Pressure Homogenization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:748213. [PMID: 34540818 PMCID: PMC8448344 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.748213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroglucan is a non-ionic water-soluble polysaccharide, and has been widely used in the petroleum, food, medicine and cosmetics industries. Currently, scleroglucan is mainly produced by Sclerotium rolfsii. A higher level of scleroglucan (42.0 g/L) was previously obtained with S. rolfsii WSH-G01. However, the production of scleroglucan was reduced despite a higher glucose concentration remaining. Additionally, the molecular weight of scleroglucan was large, thus restricted its application. In this study, by adjusting the state of seeds inoculated, the degradation issue of scleroglucan during the fermentation process was solved. By comparing different fed-batch strategies, 66.6 g/L of scleroglucan was harvested by a two-dose fed-batch mode, with 53.3% glucose conversion ratio. To modify the molecular weight of scleroglucan, a combination method with HCl and high-pressure homogenization treatment was established. Finally, scleroglucan with molecular weight of 4.61 × 105 Da was obtained. The developed approaches provide references for the biosynthesis and molecular weight modification of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhu Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shiqin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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15
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Biochemical characterization of a GH10 xylanase from the anaerobic rumen fungus Anaeromyces robustus and application in bread making. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:406. [PMID: 34471589 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaeromyces robustus is an anaerobic rumen microorganism which can produce plant cell wall degrading enzymes. In this study, a new GH10 xylanase gene xylAr10 from A. robustus was identified, cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. The recombinant protein ArXyn10 was characterized after being purified by Ni-NTA. The optimal pH and temperature of ArXyn10 was determined at 5.5 and 40 °C, respectively. ArXyn10 was stable at the pH range of 4.0-8.0, and could maintain high stability from 35 to 45 °C. The hydrolysis products released from beechwood xylan by ArXyn10 showed chromatographic mobility similar to xylobiose and xylotriose according to thin-layer chromatography analysis. It was shown that the addition of 7.5 mg of ArXyn10 in 100 g high-gluten wheat flour during bread making could increase the reducing sugar content by 10.80%, indicating that xylo-oligosaccharides were produced. With the addition of ArXyn10, the hardness and chewiness of the bread decreased and the quality was improved. The new discovered xylanase ArXyn10 have potential application prospect in bread making.
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16
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Marneth K, van den Elst H, Cramer‐Blok A, Codee J, Overkleeft HS, Aerts JMFG, Ubbink M, Ben Bdira F. Tuning the Transglycosylation Reaction of a GH11 Xylanase by a Delicate Enhancement of its Thumb Flexibility. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1743-1749. [PMID: 33534182 PMCID: PMC8251542 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) are attractive tools for multiple biotechnological applications. In conjunction with their hydrolytic function, GHs can perform transglycosylation under specific conditions. In nature, oligosaccharide synthesis is performed by glycosyltransferases (GTs); however, the industrial use of GTs is limited by their instability in solution. A key difference between GTs and GHs is the flexibility of their binding site architecture. We have used the xylanase from Bacillus circulans (BCX) to study the interplay between active-site flexibility and transglycosylation. Residues of the BCX "thumb" were substituted to increase the flexibility of the enzyme binding site. Replacement of the highly conserved residue P116 with glycine shifted the balance of the BCX enzymatic reaction toward transglycosylation. The effects of this point mutation on the structure and dynamics of BCX were investigated by NMR spectroscopy. The P116G mutation induces subtle changes in the configuration of the thumb and enhances the millisecond dynamics of the active site. Based on our findings, we propose the remodelling of the GH enzymes glycon site flexibility as a strategy to improve the transglycosylation efficiency of these biotechnologically important catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Marneth
- Department of Macromolecular BiochemistryLeiden Institute of ChemistryEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Hans van den Elst
- Department of Bio-organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Anneloes Cramer‐Blok
- Department of Macromolecular BiochemistryLeiden Institute of ChemistryEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Codee
- Department of Bio-organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Hermen S. Overkleeft
- Department of Bio-organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Johannes M. F. G. Aerts
- Department of Medical BiochemistryLeiden Institute of ChemistryEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Marcellus Ubbink
- Department of Macromolecular BiochemistryLeiden Institute of ChemistryEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Fredj Ben Bdira
- Department of Macromolecular BiochemistryLeiden Institute of ChemistryEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
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