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Wang H, Fan T, Zeng Z, Chen Z, Lu M, Zhou M, Qin X, Liu X. Use of ozone oxidation in combination with deacetylation for improving the structure and gelation properties of konjac glucomannan. Food Chem 2024; 453:139599. [PMID: 38788640 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, oxidized deacetylated konjac glucomannans with different degrees of oxidation were prepared by a combination of deacetylation and ozone oxidation. Carboxyl groups were found to be introduced into the modified konjac glucomannan while acetyl groups were removed. The backbone, branched chains, and crystal structure of modified konjac glucomannan were not significantly affected. The whiteness was enhanced to 97-99 % and the thermal degradation temperature was up to 250 °C after modification. The solubility of the modified konjac glucomannan (oxidized for 60 min) was significantly increased to 84.56 % (p < 0.05), while its viscosity and swelling power were notably decreased owing to the changes in molecular weight (from 106 to 104) and functional groups. Rheological analysis showed that oxidized deacetylated konjac glucomannan has the ability to form soft-textured gels and the potential to develop dysphagia foods. Future studies should focus on the gelation mechanisms of oxidized deacetylated konjac glucomannan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tianqin Fan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhilong Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhaojun Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Manman Lu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Min Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xiong Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Chen M, Li D, Zhang T, Sun Y, Liu R, Sun T. A mini-review of isolation, purification, structural characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134572. [PMID: 39122067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the isolation, purification, structural characterization of plant polysaccharides from natural resources have arrested widespread attention. Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem (A. elata) belongs to the Aralia genus of the Araliaceae family, which is one of the most popular edible mountain vegetables in East Asia. A. elata has been widely distributed in China, particularly in Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang provinces in northeast China, in which it has been used as a traditional herbal medicine for thousands of years to treat various diseases, such as hepatitis and rheumatoid arthritis. A. elata polysaccharides (AEPs) are one of the major active ingredients of A. elata, the monosaccharide composition of which consist primarily of Gal, Glc, Man, Ara, and Rha, with molecular weights ranging from 1.56 × 104 Da to 1.12 × 105 Da. AEPs have attracted worldwide attention owing to their various biological activities, including antioxidant activity, antitumor activity and hepatoprotection. The present review aims to comprehensively summarize the research advances on the polysaccharides isolated from A. elata, including the extraction, separation, physical-chemical properties, structural characteristics, and bioactivities over the past few decades. This review would establish a solid foundation for further development and application in the field of AEPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Chen
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Dan Li
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, PR China.
| | - Tiedong Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Wang X, Yang M, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Xiu W, Yu S, Ma Y. Structural characterization and hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharides of Polygonatum sibiricum. J Food Sci 2024; 89:4771-4790. [PMID: 38992877 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) was extracted and purified from raw material obtained from P. sibiricum. The structural features of PSP were investigated by Congo red, circular dichroism spectrum, high-performance gel permeation chromatography, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. In vitro simulations were conducted to investigate the kinetics of PSP enzyme inhibition. Moreover, a type II diabetes mouse model (T2DM) with streptozotocin-induced insulin resistance was established, and the indexes of lipid quadruple, insulin resistance index, oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), organ index, and pancreatic morphology of model mice were measured. The results showed that PSP mainly consists of monosaccharides, such as mannose, glucose, galactose, xylose, and arabinose. It also has a β-glycosidic bond of a pyranose ring and an irregular reticulated aggregated structure with a triple helix. In vitro enzyme inhibition assays revealed that PSP acts as a reversible competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Furthermore, PSP was found to reduce insulin resistance index, increase OGTT and serum insulin levels, decrease free fatty acid content to improve lipid metabolism, and lower glycated serum protein content to enhance glucose metabolism in T2DM mice, thereby leading to a reduction in blood glucose concentration. Additionally, PSP exhibited reparative effects on the damaged liver tissue cells and pancreatic tissue in T2DM mice. The experiment results provide a preliminary basis for the therapeutic mechanism of PSP about type II diabetes and a theoretical reference for application in food and pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Shen
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weiye Xiu
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shiyou Yu
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yongqiang Ma
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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4
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Jana S, Dyna AL, Pal S, Mukherjee S, Bissochi IMT, Yamada-Ogatta SF, Darido MLG, Oliveira DBL, Durigon EL, Ray B, Faccin-Galhardi LC, Ray S. Anti-respiratory syncytial virus and anti-herpes simplex virus activity of chemically engineered sulfated fucans from Cystoseira indica. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122157. [PMID: 38710573 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Seaweed polysaccharides, particularly sulfated ones, exhibited potent antiviral activity against a wide variety of enveloped viruses, such as herpes simplex virus and respiratory viruses. Different mechanisms of action were suggested, which may range from preventing infection to intracellular antiviral activity, at different stages of the viral cycle. Herein, we generated two chemically engineered sulfated fucans (C303 and C304) from Cystoseira indica by an amalgamated extraction-sulfation procedure using chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine/N,N-dimethylformamide and sulfur trioxide-pyridine/N,N-dimethylformamide reagents, respectively. These compounds exhibited activity against HSV-1 and RSV with 50 % inhibitory concentration values in the range of 0.75-2.5 μg/mL and low cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 500 μg/mL. The antiviral activities of chemically sulfated fucans (C303 and C304) were higher than the water (C301) and CaCl2 extracted (C302) polysaccharides. Compound C303 had a (1,3)-linked fucan backbone and was branched. Sulfates were present at positions C-2, C-4, and C-2,4 of Fucp, and C-6 of Galp residues of this polymer. Compound C304 had a comparable structure but with more sulfates at C-4 of Fucp residue. Both C303 and C304 were potent antiviral candidates, acting in a dose-dependent manner on the adsorption and other intracellular stages of HSV-1 and RSV replication, in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Jana
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Andre Luiz Dyna
- Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Saikat Pal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Shuvam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | | | - Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Albert Einstein Hospital, 05652-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bimalendu Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sayani Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India.
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Zhang XX, Zhang WW, Ni ZJ, Thakur K, Zhang JG, Khan MR, Xu WD, Wei ZJ. Effects of different chemical modifications on physicochemical and antioxidation properties of Lycium barbarum seed dreg polysaccharides. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101271. [PMID: 38495455 PMCID: PMC10944119 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have witnessed that chemical modification can improve the physicochemical and functional properties of plants' polysaccharides. Herein, we modified the natural Lycium barbarum seed dreg polysaccharides (LBSDPs) by sulfation (S-LBSDPs), phosphorylation (P-LBSDPs), and carboxymethylation (C-LBSDPs), and evaluated the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of their derivatives. Natural polysaccharides and their derivatives exhibited typical polysaccharide absorption peaks and characteristic group absorption peaks in FT-IR spectra along with maximum UV absorption. After modification, the total sugar and protein contents of the derivatives were decreased, whereas the uronic acid content was increased. Among the three derivatives, sulfated polysaccharides displayed excellent thermal stability. S-LBSDP and P-LBSDP showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging and reducing power while S-LBSDPs and C-LBSDPs showed better DPPH radical scavenging effect, and P-LBSDPs showed considerable Fe2+ chelating ability. Our data indicate that chemical modifications can impart a positive effect on the antioxidant potential of plant-derived polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Xiu Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang-Wei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jing Ni
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammad Rizwan Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wen-Di Xu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
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Chen L, Huang D, Jiang L, Yang J, Shi X, Wang R, Li W. A review of botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and applications of the herb with the homology of medicine and food: Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1330732. [PMID: 38933667 PMCID: PMC11199554 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1330732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton is an outstanding herb with the homology of medicine and food. Its ripe fruits are traditionally used as an important tonic for kidneys and liver in China. Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton is rich in nutritional components and a variety of bioactive ingredients. A total of 206 compounds have been isolated and identified, they mainly include flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, iridoid glycosides, and triterpenoids. These compounds exert anti-osteoporosis, anti-tumor, liver protective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton has been traditionally used to treat many complex diseases, including osteoporotic bone pain, rheumatic bone, cancer, related aging symptoms, and so on. In the 2020 Edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, there are more than 100 prescriptions containing L. lucidum W.T. Aiton. Among them, some classical preparations including Er Zhi Wan and Zhenqi fuzheng formula, are used in the treatment of various cancers with good therapeutic effects. Additionally, L. lucidum W.T. Aiton has also many excellent applications for functional food, ornamental plants, bioindicator of air pollution, algicidal agents, and feed additives. Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton has rich plant resources. However, the application potential of it has not been fully exploited. We hope that this paper provides a theoretical basis for the high-value and high-connotation development of L. lucidum W.T. Aiton in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dong Huang
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jihong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
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Wu ZW, Peng XR, Liu XC, Wen L, Tao XY, Al-Romaima A, Wu MY, Qiu MH. The structures of two polysaccharides from Lepidium meyenii and their immunomodulatory effects via activating NF-κB signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131761. [PMID: 38663705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Lepidium meyenii Walp., also known as the "Peruvian national treasure", is a popular functional food in the daily lives of Peruvian people due to its bioactive with main polysaccharides. However, studies on polysaccharides isolated from Lepidium meyenii were few. Two new highly heterogeneous polysaccharides, MCP-1a and MCP-2b, were isolated and purified from the tuber of Lepidium meyenii. The structure characterization revealed that MCP-1a primarily consisted of D-Glc and had a molecular weight of 6.6 kDa. Its backbone was composed of 1,4,6-α-D-Glc, while branches feature T-α-L-Ara, 1,5-α-L-Ara, and T-α-D-Glc attached to the O-6 positions. MCP-2b was a rare arabinogalactan with a molecular weight of 49.4 kDa. Interestingly, the backbone of MCP-2b was composed of 1,6-β-D-Gal, 1,3,6-β-D-Gal with a few 1,3-β-D-GlcpA-4-OMe units inserted. Side chains of MCP-2b were mainly composed of 1,3-β-D-Gal, T-β-D-Gal, T-α-L-Ara, 1,5-α-L-Ara, with trace amounts of 1,4-β-D-Glc and T-β-D-Glc. The bioactivity assay results revealed that MCP-1a and MCP-2b increased the release of NO, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 from RAW 264.7 cells at concentrations ranging from 50 μg/mL to 400 μg/mL. Furthermore, MCP-1a and MCP-2b could promote the expression of key transcription factors (IκB-α, p-IκB-α, p65, and p-p65) in the NF-κB pathway, indicating that MCP-1a and MCP-2b had potential immunomodulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Rong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Cui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Luan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Abdulbaset Al-Romaima
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Pan J, Shi Y, Zou J, Zhang X, Xin B, Zhai B, Guo D, Sun J, Luan F. Preparation technologies, structural features, and biological activities of polysaccharides from Mesona chinensis Benth.: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117979. [PMID: 38412892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mesona chinensis Benth. (or Platostoma palustre (Blume) A. J. Paton) is an important medicinal and edible plant also known as the Hsian-tsao in China and Southeast Asian countries. It is cold in nature and sweet in taste, with the effects of clearing heat, relieving heatstroke and diuretic, and traditionally used to treat heatstroke, erysipelas, hypertension, joint pain and other diseases in folk medicine. It is also a popular supplement with the function of detoxifying and heat-clearing use in Asia. It is used to be processed into the popular tea, Bean jelly, and so on. Published studies have demonstrated that polysaccharides from M. chinensis (MCPs) are one of the principal bioactive ingredients with a variety of health-promoting effects in the prevention and treatment of diseases, including antioxidant, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, regulation of gut microbiota, and other pharmacological properties. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to compile the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, pharmacological activities including the mechanism of action of MCPs, and to further understand the applications of M. chinensis in order to lay the foundation for the development of MCPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS By inputting the search term "Mesona chinensis polysaccharides", relevant research information was obtained from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). RESULTS More than 40 polysaccharides have been extracted from M. chinensis, different extraction and purification methods have been described, as well as the structural features and pharmacological activities of MCPs have been systematically reviewed. Polysaccharides, as important components of M. chinensis, were mainly extracted by methods such as hot water dipping method, hot alkali extraction method, enzyme-assisted extraction method and ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, subsequently obtained by decolorization, deproteinization, removal of other small molecules and separation on various chromatographic columns. The chemical composition and structure of MCPs show diversity and have a variety of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, regulation of gut microbiota, and so on. CONCLUSIONS This article systematically reviews the research progress of MCPs in terms of extraction and purification, structural characteristics, rheological gel properties, pharmacological properties, and safety assessment. The potentials and roles of M. chinensis in the field of medicine, functional food, and materials are further highlighted to provide references and bases for the high-value processing and utilization of MCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Pan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Junbo Zou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Bao Xin
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Bingtao Zhai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
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9
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Hu Z, Luo Y, Wu Y, Qin D, Yang F, Luo F, Lin Q. Extraction, structures, biological effects and potential mechanisms of Momordica charantia polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131498. [PMID: 38614167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Momordica charantia L. is a kind of vegetable with medicinal value. As the main component of the vegetable, Momordica charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) mainly consist of galactose, galacturonic acid, xylose, rhamnose, mannose and the molecular weight range is 4.33 × 103-1.16 × 106 Da. MCPs have been found to have various biological activities in recent years, such as anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-brain injury, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammation. In this review, we systematically summarized the extraction methods, structural characteristics and physicochemical properties of MCPs. Especially MCPs modulate gut microbiota and cause the alterations of metabolic products, which can regulate different signaling pathways and target gene expressions to exert various functions. Meanwhile, the potential structure-activity relationships of MCPs were analyzed to provide a scientific basis for better development or modification of MCPs. Future researches on MCPs should focus on industrial extraction and molecular mechanisms. In East Asia, Momordica charantia L. is used as both food and medicine. It is not clear whether MCP has its unique biological effects. Further study on the difference between MCPs and other food-derived polysaccharides will be helpful to the development and potential application of Momordica charantia L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuomin Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yidan Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yuchi Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Feiyan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Qinlu Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
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10
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Yuan M, Ke S, Wang A, Wang X, Zhuang M, Ning M, Zhou Z. Changes in physicochemical and gut microbiota fermentation property induced by acetylation of polysaccharides from Cyperus esculentus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131172. [PMID: 38552701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of acetylation on physicochemical, digestive behavior and fermentation characteristics of Cyperus esculentus polysaccharides (CEP) was investigated. Results indicated that the acetylation led the molecules to be more likely aggregated, followed by a higher crystallinity, a lower apparent viscosity and a higher ratio of G" to G' (tan δ). Importantly, the acetylated polysaccharides (ACEP) had a lower digestibility, but its molecular weight was lower than that of original polysaccharides (CEP) following a simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion. Gut microbiota fermentation indicated that both polysaccharides generated outstanding short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in which the acetylated polysaccharides had a faster fermentation kinetics than the original one, followed by a quicker reduction of pH and a more accumulation of SCFAs, particularly butyrate. Fermentation of both polysaccharides promoted Akkermansia, followed by a reduced richness of Klebsiella. Importantly, the current study revealed that the fermentation of acetylated polysaccharides enriched Parabacteroides, while fermentation of original ones promoted Bifidobacterium, for indicating their individual fermentation characteristics and gut environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Yuan
- College of Food Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Sheng Ke
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xuanyu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ming Ning
- College of Food Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Zhongkai Zhou
- College of Food Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Gulbali Institure- Agriculture Water Environment, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
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11
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Teng H, He Z, Hong C, Xie S, Zha X. Extraction, purification, structural characterization and pharmacological activities of polysaccharides from sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.): A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117809. [PMID: 38266946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is an edible fruit with a long history in China as a medicinal plant. The fruits of H. rhamnoides are rich in a variety of nutrients and pharmacological active compounds. As one of the most important active ingredients in sea buckthorn, polysaccharides have attracted the attention of researchers due to their antioxidant, anti-fatigue, and liver protective qualities. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review summarizes recent studies on extraction, purification, structural characterization and pharmacological activities of polysaccharides from sea buckthorn. In addition, the relationship between the structure and the activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides (SBPS) were discussed. This review would provide important research bases and up-to-date information for the future in-depth development and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharides in the field of pharmaceuticals and functional foods. MATERIALS AND METHODS By inputting the search term "Sea buckthorn polysaccharides", relevant research information was obtained from databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), China Master Theses Full-text Database, and China Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database. RESULTS The main extraction methods of SBPS include hot water extraction (HWE), ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), flash extraction (FE), and ethanol extraction. More than 20 polysaccharides have been isolated from sea buckthorn fruits. The chemical structures of sea buckthorn polysaccharides obtained by different extraction, isolation, and purification methods are diverse. Polysaccharides from sea buckthorn display a variety of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-fatigue, liver protection, anti-obesity, regulation of intestinal flora, immunoregulation, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic activities. CONCLUSIONS Sea buckthorn has a long medicinal history and characteristics of an ethnic medicine and food. Polysaccharides are one of the main active components of sea buckthorn, and they have received increasing attention from researchers. Sea buckthorn polysaccharides have remarkable pharmacological activities, health benefits, and broad application prospects. In addition, further exploration of the chemical structure of SBPS, in-depth study of their pharmacological activities, identification of their material basis, characterization of disease resistance mechanisms, and potential health functions are still directions of future research. With the accumulation of research on the extraction and purification processes, chemical structure, pharmacological effects, molecular mechanisms, and structure-activity relationships, sea buckthorn polysaccharides derived from natural resources will ultimately make significant contributions to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Teng
- School of Leisure and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, 541006, China.
| | - Zhigui He
- School of Leisure and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Chengzhi Hong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Songzi Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xueqiang Zha
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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12
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Yang L, Huang J, Qin S, Shao H, Li Y, Zhou Y, Zi C, Hu JM. "MD" method for the precise analysis of the O-acetyl-mannan structure and disclosure of the role in the conformational stability of insulin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:129944. [PMID: 38311142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Among the diversified glycan modifications, acylation is one of the most abundant. This modification could be responsible for many of the properties of glycans, such as structural stability and specificity for biological activity. To obtain better insight into the effects of acetylation of glycans on the structure and thermostability of insulin, it is critical to investigate glycans with a high degree of acetylation. An in-depth study of three functional glycans named acetyl-mannan from Dendrobium devonianum (DDAM) was conducted herein by efficient enzymatic depolymerization, and the effect of glycosidic bonds on acetylation modification sites was studied through a molecular dynamics (MD) method, as well as its positive effect on insulin secretion, glucose uptake, and the thermal stability of tertiary structures in vitro. Further study indicated that DDAMs play a hypoglycemic role by sparking the thermostability of the insulin conformation. The hypoglycemic activity displayed a positive correlation with the degree of acetylation in DDAMs. In this work, through the MD method, we confirmed the structure characteristics of DDAMs and provided accurate data support for the structure-activity relationship analysis. Thus, these findings demonstrated that DDAMs might be an exceptional leading compound for the stability of insulin drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Jia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Shihui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Huiyan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Yanlang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Longling County Institute of Dendrobium, Baoshan, Yunnan 678300, China
| | - Chengting Zi
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China.
| | - Jiang-Miao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China.
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13
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Lu MK, Lee MH, Chao CH, Hsu YC. Sodium sulfate addition increases the bioresource of biologically active sulfated polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128699. [PMID: 38092106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Fungal sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) have been used in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, sodium sulfate was employed as an elicitor to induce stress on the mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea for the biosynthesis of SPS with high sulfate content. Sodium sulfate treatments increased the yield of SPS to 4.46 % and increased the sulfate content to 6.8 mmol/g of SPS. SPS were extracted from A. cinnamomea cultured with 500 mM sodium sulfate; these SPSs are denoted as Na500. Na500 exhibited the highest sulfate content and dose-dependent inhibitory activity against LPS-induced production of macrophage interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Mechanistically, Na500 hindered the phosphorylation of transforming growth factor-β receptor II (TGFRII), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and protein kinase B (AKT) expression. A purified 7.79 kDa galactoglucan, Na500 F3, augmented the anti-inflammation activity by inhibiting LPS-induced TGFβ release. Additionally, Na500 F3 restrained the LPS-induced phosphorylation of p-38, ERK, AKT, and TGFRII in RAW264.7 cells. Na500 F3 impeded the proliferation of lung cancer H1975 cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, ERK, and Slug. The anti-inflammation and anticancer properties of Antrodia SPS contribute to its health benefits, suggesting its utility in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Beitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Hsin Lee
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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14
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Kou F, Mei Y, Wang W, Wei X, Xiao H, Wu X. Phellinus linteus polysaccharides: A review on their preparation, structure-activity relationships, and drug delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128702. [PMID: 38072341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Phellinus linteus polysaccharides exhibit antitumor, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, mitigate insulin resistance, and enhance the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota. However, the bioactivities of P. linteus polysaccharides vary owing to the complex structure, thereby, limiting their application. Various processing strategies have been employed to modify them for improving the functional properties and yield. Herein, we compare the primary modes of extraction and purification employed to improve the yield and purity, review the structure-activity relationships, and discuss the application of P. linteus polysaccharides using nano-carriers for the encapsulation and delivery of various drugs to improve bioactivity. The limitations and future perspectives are also discussed. Exploring the bioactivity, structure-activity relationship, processing methods, and delivery routes of P. linteus polysaccharides will facilitate the development of functional foods and dietary supplements rich in P. linteus polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Kou
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea; College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yuxia Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihao Wang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.
| | - Xuetuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States of America
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15
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Nabi A, Aftab T, Khan MMA, Naeem M. Depolymerized carrageenan expresses elicitor-like activity on Mentha arvensis L. under arsenic stress: Insights into arsenic resilience and monoterpene synthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108376. [PMID: 38354526 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals contaminate agricultural land by limiting the productivity of crops and making them or their products unfit for consumption. Arsenic (As) is a potentially hazardous metalloid that severely impacts plants' survival. Menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) bears volatile compounds that are harshly exaggerated by diverse environmental factors like drought, salinity, heavy metal, temperature, photoperiod, and luminosity stresses. In this study, the phytotoxicity of As was examined in M. arvensis L. and its alleviation through the supplementation of oligomers of carrageenan. Noticeably, scanty information is available regarding the effect of irradiated carrageenan (ICA) on As-stressed plants. In order to observe the same in the case of M. arvensis L., the effect of ICA on As-treated plants was explored. The ICA concentration (foliar-applied) selected for the study was 80 mg L-1, 100 mg L-1 and 120 mg L-1, and that of As (soil-applied) was 80 mg kg-1 soil. Excess accumulation of As resulted in reduced growth, enzymatic activities, and yield and quality parameters of M. arvensis L. under As toxicity. However, the foliage application of ICA strengthens the antioxidant machinery and other physiological and oxidative stress biomarkers of the plant by facilitating the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and proline, and, therefore aids in alleviating the toxicity generated by As. Nevertheless, ICA supplementation proves beneficial in enhancing the monoterpene synthesis (essential oil production and its active constituents) of M. arvensis L. by maintaining a steady-state equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and its scavenging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarifa Nabi
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Naeem
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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16
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Ali I, Chemen ME, Piccini LE, Mukherjee S, Jana S, Damonte EB, Ray B, Garcia CC, Ray S. Chemically modified galactans of Grateloupia indica: From production to in vitro antiviral activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128824. [PMID: 38103665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) have an affinity for heparan sulfate proteoglycans on cell surfaces, which is a determinant for virus entry. Herein, several sulfated galactans that mimic the active domain of the entry receptor were employed to prevent HSV infection. They were produced from Grateloupia indica using chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine (ClSO3H.Py)/N,N-dimethylformamide reagent (fraction G-402), SO3.Py/DMF reagent (G-403), or by aqueous extraction (G-401). These galactans contained varied molecular masses (33-55 kDa), and sulfate contents (12-20 %), and have different antiviral activities. Especially, the galactan (G-402) generated by using ClSO3H.Py/DMF, a novel reagent, exhibited the highest level of antiviral activity (EC50 = 0.36 μg/mL) compared to G-403 (EC50 = 15.6 μg/mL) and G-401 (EC50 = 17.9 μg/mL). This most active sulfated galactan possessed a linear chain containing β-(1 → 3)- and α-(1 → 4)-linked Galp units with sulfate group at the O-2/4/6 and O-2/3/6 positions, respectively. The HSV-1 and HSV-2 strains were specifically inhibited by this novel 33 ± 15 kDa galactan, which also blocked the virus from entering the host cell. These results highlight the significant potential of this sulfated galactan for antiviral research and drug development. Additionally, the reagent used for the effective conversion of galactan hydroxy groups to sulfate during extraction may also be useful for the chemical transformation of other natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Mathias E Chemen
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales UBA, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2 Piso, 4, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luana E Piccini
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales UBA, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2 Piso, 4, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Shuvam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Subrata Jana
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Elsa B Damonte
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales UBA, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2 Piso, 4, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bimalendu Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Cybele C Garcia
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales UBA, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2 Piso, 4, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sayani Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India.
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17
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Yang Z, Tan D, Chen W, Hu J, Huang R, Wu X, Georgiev MI, Bai W, Tian L. Fermentation characteristics and prebiotic potential of enzymatically synthesized butyryl-fructooligosaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121486. [PMID: 37985044 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Existing prebiotics, such as fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs), can be modified to enhance their functionality or introduce additional functionalities. This study aimed to investigate the fermentation characteristics and prebiotic potential of enzymatically synthesized butyryl-FOSs. The esters were successfully synthesized through the reaction of butyric acid and FOSs using both chemical and enzymatic methods, denoted as A-FOSs and B-FOSs, respectively, for comparative analysis. The esterification degree of each component in A-FOSs was significantly higher than that of B-FOSs. Subsequently, the obtained esters were characterized for their fermentation properties, degradation mode and potential prebiotic effects using an in vitro simulated colonic fermentation model. Enzymes of human gut microbiota were found to preferentially cleave the glycosidic bond to the unit without butyryl group and release the sugars for utilization. A significant increase in butyric acid levels was observed during fermentation after the supplementation of B-FOSs. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing, absolute quantification of microbiota, and selected probiotic strains culture showed that B-FOSs supplementation promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria while reducing harmful ones. These results suggest that B-FOSs hold promise as novel prebiotics, possessing dual functions of modulating gut microbiota and delivering butyric acid to the colon in a targeted manner, ultimately contributing to improved gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Diming Tan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiyang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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18
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Lu MK, Chao CH, Hsu YC. Advanced culture strategy shows varying bioactivities of sulfated polysaccharides of Poria cocos. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126669. [PMID: 37660853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
This study compares the bioactivity of six sulfated polysaccharides derived from glucose- and sucrose-feeding extracted from P. cocos. Anti-inflammatory potentials of these polysaccharides were evaluated by pretreating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. Of the tested polysaccharides, the sulfated polysaccharide derived from sucrose-feeding at the concentration of 40 g/l (referred to as "suc 40") exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity, of 83 %, and 33 % inhibition of IL-6 and TNF-α secretion, respetively. It achieved this by inhibiting the p-38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK signaling pathways. On the other hand, the sulfated polysaccharide derived from glucose-feeding at a concentration of 20 g/l (referred to as "glc 20") demonstrated the greatest anti-lung cancer activity. This was achieved by inducing apoptotic-related molecules, such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and CHOP. Furthermore, glc 20 had the highest contents of sulfate, fucose, and mannose compared to the other tested polysaccharides. This suggests that the composition of monosaccharide residues are critical factors influencing the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of these sulfated polysaccharides. Overall, this study highlights the potential of sulfated polysaccharides derived from P. cocos to function as bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nung St., 7 Sec. 2, Shipai, Beitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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19
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Yang KM, Ge Y, Palanisamy S, Zhang Y, Kou F, Yelithao K, Jeong D, You S, Lim SB. Cnidium officinale polysaccharide enhanced RAW 264.7 cells activation and NK-92 cells cytotoxicity against colon cancer via NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127605. [PMID: 37871715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Cnidium officinale-derived polysaccharides were isolated and investigated for their immune enhancing and anticancer activities. The isolated crude and its fractions, such as F1 and F2, contain carbohydrates (51.3-63.1%), sulfates (5.4-5.8%), proteins (1.5-7.1%), and uronic acids (2.1-26.9%). The molecular weight (Mw) of the polysaccharides ranged from 59.9 to 429.0 × 103 g/mol. The immunostimulatory activity of the polysaccharides was tested on RAW 264.7 cells, and the results showed that the F2 treatment notably enhanced pro-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells by increasing NO production and the expression of various cytokines. Furthermore, the influence of polysaccharide treatment on natural killer cells (NK-92) anticancer activities was investigated using a colon cancer cell line (HCT-116). Crude polysaccharide and its fractions showed no direct cytotoxicity to NK-92 and HCT-116 cells. However, the treatment of F2 showed an enhancement of NK-92 cells cytotoxicity against HCT-116 cells by upregulating the mRNA expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, NKGp44, and granzyme-B. The western blot results showed that the induced RAW 264.7 cells activation and NK-92 cells cytotoxicity occur via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Overall, C. officinale-derived polysaccharides show potential as immunotherapeutic agents capable of enhancing pro-inflammatory macrophage signaling and activating NK-92 cells; thus, they could be useful for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Mo Yang
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunfei Ge
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Subramanian Palanisamy
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea; East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Yutong Zhang
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Fang Kou
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Khamphone Yelithao
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Duyun Jeong
- Department of Food and Food Service Industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea; East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Wang F, Liu C, Ren L, Li Y, Yang H, Yu Y, Xu W. Sanziguben polysaccharides improve diabetic nephropathy in mice by regulating gut microbiota to inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signalling pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:427-436. [PMID: 36772833 PMCID: PMC9930838 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2174145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sanziguben (SZGB) is an empirical prescription used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetic nephropathy (DN). As an abundant and primarily effective component of SZGB, Sanziguben polysaccharides (SZP) can be digested by flora to generate biological activity. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to clarify the potential mechanism of SZP in improving chronic DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male db/db mice were randomized into DN, SZP (500 mg/kg) and metformin (MET, 300 mg/kg) groups. Wild-type littermates served as the normal control (NC) group. The drug was orally administered for 8 weeks. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the inflammatory factors. Proteins related to inflammation were evaluated using western blotting and immunohistochemical examination. Gut microbiota was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS SZP significantly reduced 24 h urine albumin (p < 0.05) of DN mice. Compared to DN group, SZP significantly decreased the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels (20.27 ± 3.50 vs. 33.64 ± 4.85, 19.22 ± 3.77 vs. 32.52 ± 3.05 μmol/L, 13.23 ± 1.42 vs. 16.27 ± 0.77 mmol/L, respectively), and mitigated renal damage. SZP also regulated gut microbiota and decreased the abundance of Gram-negative bacteria (Proteobacteria, Klebsiella and Escherichia-Shigella). Subsequently, SZP reduced lipopolysaccharides levels (1.06- to 1.93-fold) of DN mice. Furthermore, SZP inhibited the expression levels of TLR4, phospho-NF-κB p65, NLRP3 proteins and interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that SZP improved intestinal flora disorder and inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway to alleviate DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - LingZhi Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - YanYang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - HongMei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - WeiPing Xu
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Guangdong Provincial Peoples Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Wang H, Yuan M, Li G, Tao Y, Wang X, Ke S, Zhuang M, Wang A, Zhou Z. Chemical characterization, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of acetylated polysaccharides from Cyperus esculentus. Food Chem 2023; 427:136734. [PMID: 37418805 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
This research was designed to characterize the structure of Cyperus esculentus polysaccharide (CEP) and its acetylated one (ACEP), and then investigated the effects of acetylation on the changes in physicochemical properties, thermal stability, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. Results showed that CEP and ACEP were heteropolysaccharides consisting of glucose, mannose, arabinose and xylose. The main chain of CEP included α-1,4-Glcp residues with the branching points at the O-6 position of the α-1,6-Manp residues. Acetyl groups were substituted at the O-2 and O-6 positions of some glucose residues. Meanwhile, the acetylation remarkably improved the polysaccharides thermal stability, and the ACEP exhibited a greater antioxidant activity. Furthermore, CEP and ACEP were proved to protect RAW 264.7 cells against LPS-induced inflammation by improving cellular morphology and decreasing reactive oxygen species secretion. This study may highlight a new approach for developing a high value-added ingredient from C. esculentus for functional food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Meiyu Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Gaoheng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuxin Tao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xuanyu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Sheng Ke
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhongkai Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Food Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; ARC Functional Grains Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
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22
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Yao Y, Shi X, Zhao Z, Zhang A, Li W. Dendronization of chitosan to afford unprecedent thermoresponsiveness and tunable microconfinement. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:11024-11034. [PMID: 37975703 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01803b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Convenient chemical modification of biomacromolecules to create novel biocompatible functional materials satisfies the current requirements of sustainable chemistry. Dendronization of chitosan with dendritic oligoethylene glycols (OEGs) paves a strategy for the preparation of functional dendronized chitosans (DCSs) with unprecedent thermoresponsive behavior, which inherit biological features from polysaccharides and the topological features from dendritic OEGs. In addition, densely packed dendritic OEG chains around the backbone provide efficient cooperative interactions and form an intriguing confined microenvironment based on the degradable biopolymers. In this perspective, we describe the principle for the preparation of the thermoresponsive DCSs, and focus on the molecular envelop effect from the hydrophobic microconfinement to the encapsulated guest molecules or moieties. Particular attention is put on their capacity to regulate behavior and the functions of the encapsulated guests through thermally-mediated dehydration and collapse of the densely packed dendritic OEGs. We believe that the methodology described here may provide prospects for the fabrication of functional materials from biomacromolecules, especially when used as environmentally friendly nanomaterials or in accurate diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yao
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Shi
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Zihong Zhao
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Afang Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Wen Li
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China.
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23
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Yang X, Li M, Yip RCS, Li Y, Chen H. Current application and modification strategy of marine polysaccharides in tissue regeneration: A review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213580. [PMID: 37634336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Marine polysaccharides (MPs) are exceptional bioactive materials that possess unique biochemical mechanisms and pharmacological stability, making them ideal for various tissue engineering applications. Certain MPs, including agarose, alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, and glucan have been successfully employed as biological scaffolds in animal studies. As carriers of signaling molecules, scaffolds can enhance the adhesion, growth, and differentiation of somatic cells, thereby significantly improving the tissue regeneration process. However, the biological benefits of pure MPs composite scaffold are limited. Therefore, physical, chemical, enzyme modification and other methods are employed to expand its efficacy. Chemically, the structural properties of MPs scaffolds can be altered through modifications to functional groups or molecular weight reduction, thereby enhancing their biological activities. Physically, MPs hydrogels and sponges emulate the natural extracellular matrix, creating a more conducive environment for tissue repair. The porosity and high permeability of MPs membranes and nanomaterials expedite wound healing. This review explores the distinctive properties and applications of select MPs in tissue regeneration, highlighting their structural versatility and biological applicability. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of common modification strategies employed for MP scaffolds. In conclusion, MPs have significant potential and are expected to be a novel regenerative material for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokun Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Xuan Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Man Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China; The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, NO. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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24
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Chen T, Tang M, Zhao XR, Feng SL, Liu L, Zhou LJ, Cao XH, Huang Y, Yang HY, Ding CB. Antioxidant potential evaluation of polysaccharides from Camellia oleifera Abel in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125726. [PMID: 37422249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The extraction process, structural characterization and free radical scavenging ability of polysaccharides from Camellia oleifera have already been widely studied. However, the antioxidant activities are still lack of systematic experiments. In this study, we used Hep G2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans to evaluate the antioxidant potential of polysaccharides that from C. oleifera flowers (P-CF), leaves (P-CL), seed cakes (P-CC) and fruit shells (P-CS). The results showed all these polysaccharides could protect cells from oxidative damage induced by t-BHP. The highest cell viabilities were 66.46 ± 1.36 % (P-CF), 55.2 ± 2.93 % (P-CL), 54.49 ± 1.29 % (P-CC) and 61.45 ± 1.67 % (P-CS), respectively. Studies have shown that four polysaccharides may protect cells from apoptosis by reducing ROS levels and maintaining MMP balance. Moreover, P-CF, P-CL, P-CC and P-CS increased the survival rate of C. elegans under thermal stress, which reduced the production of ROS by 56.1 ± 0.67 %, 59.37 ± 1.79 %, 16.63 ± 2.51 % and 27.55 ± 2.62 %, respectively. P-CF and P-CL showed stronger protective effects on C. elegans by increasing the nuclear entry rate of DAF-16 and stimulating the expression of SOD-3. Our study suggested that C. oleifera polysaccharides have the potential to develop into a natural supplement agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Min Tang
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xin-Ran Zhao
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Shi-Ling Feng
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Li Liu
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhou
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiao-Han Cao
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Hong-Yu Yang
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Chun-Bang Ding
- College of life science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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25
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Xia B, Fang J, Ma S, Ma M, Yao G, Li T, Cheng X, Wen L, Gao Z. Mapping the Acetylamino and Carboxyl Groups on Glycans by Engineered α-Hemolysin Nanopores. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18812-18824. [PMID: 37527445 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycan is a crucial class of biological macromolecules with important biological functions. Functional groups determine the chemical properties of glycans, which further affect their biological activities. However, the structural complexity of glycans has set a technical hurdle for their direct identification. Nanopores have emerged as highly sensitive biosensors that are capable of detecting and characterizing various analytes. Here, we identified the functional groups on glycans with a designed α-hemolysin nanopore containing arginine mutations (M113R), which is specifically sensitive to glycans with acetamido and carboxyl groups. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the acetamido and carboxyl groups of the glycans produce unique electrical signatures by forming polar and electrostatic interactions with the M113R nanopores. Using these electrical features as the fingerprints, we mapped the length of the glycans containing acetamido and carboxyl groups at the monosaccharide, disaccharide, and trisaccharide levels. This proof-of-concept study provides a promising foundation for developing single-molecule glycan fingerprinting libraries and demonstrates the capability of biological nanopores in glycan sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Shengzhou Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengyao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangda Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Lingang Laboratory, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tiehai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuqing Wen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhaobing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
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26
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Zhou Y, Chu Z, Luo Y, Yang F, Cao F, Luo F, Lin Q. Dietary Polysaccharides Exert Anti-Fatigue Functions via the Gut-Muscle Axis: Advances and Prospectives. Foods 2023; 12:3083. [PMID: 37628082 PMCID: PMC10453516 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to today's fast-paced lifestyle, most people are in a state of sub-health and face "unexplained fatigue", which can seriously affect their health, work efficiency, and quality of life. Fatigue is also a common symptom of several serious diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, cancer, etc. However, the contributing mechanisms are not clear, and there are currently no official recommendations for the treatment of fatigue. Some dietary polysaccharides are often used as health care supplements; these have been reported to have specific anti-fatigue effects, with minor side effects and rich pharmacological activities. Dietary polysaccharides can be activated during food processing or during gastrointestinal transit, exerting unique effects. This review aims to comprehensively summarize and evaluate the latest advances in the biological processes of exercise-induced fatigue, to understand dietary polysaccharides and their possible molecular mechanisms in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue, and to systematically elaborate the roles of gut microbiota and the gut-muscle axis in this process. From the perspective of the gut-muscle axis, investigating the relationship between polysaccharides and fatigue will enhance our understanding of fatigue and may lead to a significant breakthrough regarding the molecular mechanism of fatigue. This paper will provide new perspectives for further research into the use of polysaccharides in food science and food nutrition, which could help develop potential anti-fatigue agents and open up novel therapies for sub-health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Zhongxing Chu
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Xiangya, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
| | - Feiyan Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (F.L.)
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27
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Malyarenko OS, Usoltseva RV, Silchenko AS, Zueva AO, Ermakova SP. The Combined Metabolically Oriented Effect of Fucoidan from the Brown Alga Saccharina cichorioides and Its Carboxymethylated Derivative with 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose on Human Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12050. [PMID: 37569428 PMCID: PMC10418387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive and treatment-resistant form of skin cancer. It is phenotypically characterized by aerobic glycolysis that provides higher proliferative rates and resistance to cell death. The glycolysis regulation in melanoma cells by means of effective metabolic modifiers represents a promising therapeutic opportunity. This work aimed to assess the metabolically oriented effect and mechanism of action of fucoidan from the brown alga Saccharina cichorioides (ScF) and its carboxymethylated derivative (ScFCM) in combination with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) on the proliferation and colony formation of human melanoma cell lines SK-MEL-28, SK-MEL-5, and RPMI-7951. The metabolic profile of melanoma cells was determined by the glucose uptake and Lactate-GloTM assays. The effect of 2-DG, ScF, ScFCM, and their combination on the proliferation, colony formation, and activity of glycolytic enzymes was assessed by the MTS, soft agar, and Western blot methods, respectively. When applied separately, 2-DG (IC50 at 72 h = 8.7 mM), ScF (IC50 at 72 h > 800 µg/mL), and ScFCM (IC50 at 72 h = 573.9 μg/mL) inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of SK-MEL-28 cells to varying degrees. ScF or ScFCM enhanced the inhibiting effect of 2-DG at low, non-toxic concentrations via the downregulation of Glut 1, Hexokinase II, PKM2, LDHA, and pyruvate dehydrogenase activities. The obtained results emphasize the potential of the use of 2-DG in combination with algal fucoidan or its derivative as metabolic modifiers for inhibition of melanoma SK-MEL-28 cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Svetlana P. Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-Letiya Vladivostoka 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
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28
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Liu H, Wei S, Shi L, Tan H. Preparation, structural characterization, and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Psidium guajava: A review. Food Chem 2023; 411:135423. [PMID: 36652884 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Psidium guajava L. is one of the most pivotal members belong to the Myrtaceae family, and it is an important tropical fruit with highly nutritional, healthy, and pharmacological values prevailing in worldwide for decades. The polysaccharides of P. guajava (PGPs) are served as one of the most active constituents, which possess a variety of biofunctionalities including anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheic, antihypertension, and antidiabetic properties. Hence, a systematic review aimed to comprehensively summarize the recent research advances of PGPs is necessary for facilitating their better understanding. The present review discussed current research progress on the PGPs, including extraction and purification methods, structural features, biological activities, and potential pharmacological mechanism. In addition, this review may also provide some valuable insights for further development and potential value in affording functionally useful agents in food industry or therapeutically effective medicine in the fields of P. guajava polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lili Shi
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haibo Tan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Wang Z, Zhou X, Shu Z, Zheng Y, Hu X, Zhang P, Huang H, Sheng L, Zhang P, Wang Q, Wang X, Li N. Regulation strategy, bioactivity, and physical property of plant and microbial polysaccharides based on molecular weight. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 244:125360. [PMID: 37321440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Structural features affect the bioactivity, physical property, and application of plant and microbial polysaccharides. However, an indistinct structure-function relationship limits the production, preparation, and utilization of plant and microbial polysaccharides. Molecular weight is an easily regulated structural feature that affects the bioactivity and physical property of plant and microbial polysaccharides, and plant and microbial polysaccharides with a specific molecular weight are important for exerting their bioactivity and physical property. Therefore, this review summarized the regulation strategies of molecular weight via metabolic regulation; physical, chemical, and enzymic degradations; and the influence of molecular weight on the bioactivity and physical property of plant and microbial polysaccharides. Moreover, further problems and suggestions must be paid attention to during regulation, and the molecular weight of plant and microbial polysaccharides must be analyzed. The present work will promote the production, preparation, utilization, and investigation of the structure-function relationship of plant and microbial polysaccharides based on their molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhihan Shu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001,China
| | - Xilei Hu
- School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001,China
| | - Peiyao Zhang
- School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001,China
| | - Hongtao Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pengshuai Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xueqin Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Na Li
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Wang J, Dai G, Shang M, Wang Y, Xia C, Duan B, Xu L. Extraction, structural-activity relationships, bioactivities, and application prospects of Pueraria lobata polysaccharides as ingredients for functional products: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125210. [PMID: 37271269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi is an important resource with dual functions in medicine and food since ancient times. Polysaccharides are the main bioactive component of P. lobata and have various bioactivities, such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, immunological activities, etc. Due to the distinctive bioactivity of P. lobata polysaccharides (PLPs), the research on PLPs is booming. Although a series of PLPs have been isolated and characterized, the chemical structure and mechanism are unclear and need further study. Here, we reviewed recent progress in isolation, identification, pharmacological properties, and possible therapeutic mechanisms of PLPs to update awareness of these value-added natural polysaccharides. Besides, the structure-activity relationships, application status, and toxic effects of PLPs are highlighted and discussed to afford a deeper understanding of PLPs. This article may provide theoretical insights and technical guidance for developing PLPs as novel functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Guona Dai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Mingyue Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Conglong Xia
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Baozhong Duan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China.
| | - Li Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, China.
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Chen XW, Zheng YY, Ouyang JM. Sulfated Undaria pinnatifida Polysaccharide Promotes Endocytosis of Nano-Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate by Repairing Subcellular Organelles in HK-2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051015. [PMID: 37237881 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical manifestation of primary hyperoxaluria includes hyperoxaluria and recurrent urinary calculi. In this study, an oxidative damage model was constructed based on oxalate damage to the human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), and a comparative study was carried out on four different sulfated levels of Undaria pinnatifida polysaccharides (UPP0, UPP1, UPP2, and UPP3 with sulfate group [-OSO3-] contents of 1.59%, 6.03%, 20.83%, and 36.39%, respectively) on the repair of oxidatively damaged HK-2 cells. The results showed that after repair by UPPs, cell viability was enhanced, healing ability was improved, the intracellular superoxide dismutase level and mitochondrial membrane potential were increased, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and intracellular Ca2+ levels were reduced, cellular autophagy was reduced; lysosomal integrity was improved, and cytoskeleton and cell morphology were restored. The ability of repaired cells to endocytose nano-calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals (nano-COD) was enhanced. The activity of UPPs was closely related to their -OSO3- content. A too high or too low -OSO3- content was not conducive to polysaccharide activity, and only UPP2 exhibited the best cell repair ability and strongest ability to promote the cell endocytosis of crystals. UPP2 may be used as a potential agent to inhibit CaOx crystal deposition caused by high oxalate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Wu Chen
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Yun Zheng
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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32
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Guru PR, Kar RK, Nayak AK, Mohapatra S. A comprehensive review on pharmaceutical uses of plant-derived biopolysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123454. [PMID: 36709807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Biopolysaccharides extracted from plants are mainly photosynthetic byproducts found in leaves, pods, stems, fruits, grains, seeds, corms, rhizomes, roots, bark exudates, and other plant parts. Recently, these plant-derived biopolysaccharides have received a great deal of attention as pharmaceutical excipients in a range of different dosage forms because of several key advantages, such as widespread accessibility from nature as plant-based sources are readily available, sustainable production, availability of easy and cost-effective extraction methodologies, aqueous solubility, swelling capability in the aqueous medium, non-toxicity, biodegradability, etc. The current review presents a comprehensive overview of the uses of plant-derived biopolysaccharides as effective pharmaceutical excipients in the formulations of different kinds of dosage forms, for example gels, pastes, films, emulsions, suspensions, capsules, tablets, nanoparticles, microparticles, beads, buccal formulations, transdermal formulations, ocular formulations, nasal formulations, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravat Ranjan Guru
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dadhichi College of Pharmacy, Vidya Vihar, Sundargram, Cuttack 754002, Odisha, India
| | - Rajat Kumar Kar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dadhichi College of Pharmacy, Vidya Vihar, Sundargram, Cuttack 754002, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Kumar Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jharpokharia, Mayurbhanj 757086, Odisha, India.
| | - Snehamayee Mohapatra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India.
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Xu X, Wang L, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Fan G. Managing metabolic diseases: The roles and therapeutic prospects of herb-derived polysaccharides. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114538. [PMID: 36931026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases have become a public health problem worldwide. Effective, novel and natural therapies are urgently needed to treat metabolic diseases. As natural bioactive compounds, polysaccharides have many physiological and medicinal properties. Recently, herb-derived polysaccharides have shown beneficial effects in the treatment of metabolic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review comprehensively summarizes the pharmacological progress and clinical evidence of herb-derived polysaccharides in the treatment of three metabolic diseases, namely type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity, and more importantly, discusses the molecular mechanism involved. Existing evidence has proved that herb-derived polysaccharides can maintain glucose homeostasis, promote insulin secretion, improve insulin resistance, reduce weight gain and hepatic steatosis, inhibit lipogenesis, alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation, and improve gut microbiota disorders in rodents with metabolic diseases. Notably, so far, human clinical trials of herb-derived polysaccharides for these three metabolic diseases remain rare. All in all, herb-derived polysaccharides may have good potential as drug candidates for the prevention and management of metabolic diseases. More high-quality clinical trials are needed to further validate its effectiveness and safety in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Gang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Jiang G, Wang B, Wang Y, Kong H, Wang Y, Gao P, Guo M, Li W, Zhang J, Wang Z, Niu J. Structural characteristics of a novel Bletilla striata polysaccharide and its activities for the alleviation of liver fibrosis. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 313:120781. [PMID: 37182941 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis has proven to be the main predisposing factor for liver cirrhosis and liver cancer; however, an effective treatment remains elusive. Polysaccharides, with low toxicity and a wide range of bioactivities, are strong potential candidates for anti-hepatic fibrosis applications. For this study, a new low molecular weight neutral polysaccharide (B. striata glucomannan (BSP)) was extracted and purified from Bletilla striata. The structure of BSP was characterized and its activities for alleviating liver fibrosis in vivo were further evaluated. The results revealed that the structural unit of BSP was likely →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-2ace-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-3ace-Manp-(1→, with a molecular weight of only 58.5 kDa. Additionally, BSP was observed to attenuate the passive impacts of liver fibrosis in a manner closely related to TLR2/TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway conduction. In summary, the results of this study provide theoretical foundations for the potential applications of BSP as an anti-liver fibrosis platform.
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Qin D, Han S, Liu M, Guo T, Hu Z, Zhou Y, Luo F. Polysaccharides from Phellinus linteus: A systematic review of their extractions, purifications, structures and functions. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123163. [PMID: 36623622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Phellinus linteus (P. linteus) is a famous Chinese medicine and has a long history in China. In recent years, P. linteus polysaccharides (PLPs) have attracted extensive attention because of their biological activities such as anti-bacteria, anti-aging, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective effect and hypoglycemic effect. In this review, we systemically summarized the advances in extractions, purifications and structural characterizations of PLPs, and also analyzed their biological functions and molecular mechanisms. Meanwhile, the structure-activity relationships of PLPs are closely related to their anti-oxidation and anti-tumor activities. So far, the applications of PLPs are still very limited, further exploring structure-activity relationships, biological functions and their mechanisms of PLPs will promote to develop functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Qin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Shuai Han
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Menglin Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
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36
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Sun Y, Ho CT, Zhang X. Neuroprotection of Food Bioactives in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of the Gut Microbiota and Innate Immune Receptors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2718-2733. [PMID: 36700657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gut-brain connections may be mediated by an assortment of microbial molecules, which can subsequently traverse intestinal and blood-brain barriers and impact neurological function. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are important innate immune proteins in the gut. Gut microbiota act in concert with the PRRs is a novel target for regulating host-microbe signaling and immune homeostasis, which may involve the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Natural food bioactives bestow a protective advantage on neurodegenerative diseases through immunomodulatory effects of the modified gut microbiota or alterations in the landscape of microbiota-produced metabolites via PRRs modulation. In this review, we discuss the effect of natural food bioactives on the gut microbiota and the role of PRRs in the gut-brain crosstalk. We focused on the neuroprotective mechanisms of natural bioactive compounds behind the action of the gut microbiota and PRRs. Research advances in natural food bioactives as antineurodegeneration agents were also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
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Yu S, Dong X, Ma R, Ji H, Yu J, Liu A. Characterization of a polysaccharide from Polygala tenuifolia willd. with immune activity via activation MAPKs pathway. Bioorg Chem 2023; 130:106214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Zhang B, Lan W, Xie J. Chemical modifications in the structure of marine polysaccharide as serviceable food processing and preservation assistant: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1539-1555. [PMID: 36370860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Marine polysaccharides are a kind of natural polysaccharides which isolated and extracted from marine organisms. Now some marine polysaccharides, such as chitosan, sodium alginate and agar, have been proven to exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant functions and biocompatibility, which are often used to preserve food or improve the physicochemical properties of food. However, they still have the defects of unsatisfactory preservation effect and biological activity, which can be remedied by its modification. Chemical modification is the most effective of all modification methods. The advances in common chemical modification methods of chitosan, sodium alginate, agar and other marine polysaccharides and research progress of modified products in food processing and preservation were summarized, and the influence of additional reaction conditions on the existence of chemical modification sites of polysaccharides was discussed. The modification of functional groups in natural marine polysaccharides leads to the change of molecular structure, which can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of marine polysaccharides. Chemically modified products have been used in various fields of food applications, such as food preservatives, food additives, food packaging, and food processing aids. In general, chemical modification has excellent potential for food processing and preservation, which can improve the function of marine polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weiqing Lan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Aquatic Products Processing and Storage Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Aquatic Products Processing and Storage Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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39
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Structural Characteristic and In-Vitro Anticancer Activities of Dandelion Leaf Polysaccharides from Pressurized Hot Water Extraction. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010080. [PMID: 36615741 PMCID: PMC9824204 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.) is a medicinal and edible plant. Dandelion has great development value for its health promoting benefits; additionally, Dandelion grows almost anywhere in the world. In this study, we report the structural characteristics and anti-cancer activity of novel dandelion leaf polysaccharides extracted by pressurized hot water extraction at 120 °C (DLP120) with Mw relative to dextran of 1.64 × 106 Da. Structural analysis indicated that DLP120 is a complex polysaccharide composed of pectin and arabinogalactan. It was mainly composed of arabinose (32.35 mol%) and galactose (44.91 mol%). The main glycosidic linkages of DLP120 were 4-β-D-Galp, 4-α-D-GalpA, T-β-D-Galp, 5-α-L-Araf, 3,5-α-L-Araf, and T-α-L-Araf. In vitro, DLP120 inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner by inducing cell apoptosis. Cell cycle detection results revealed that DLP120 mainly arrests the cell cycle in S phase. Cells treated with DLP120 displayed obvious apoptotic morphology, including cell volume shrinks and cytoskeleton breaks down. In short, DLP120 has potential as an anti-cancer agent.
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40
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Application of Plant Polysaccharide Nanoparticles as Polymeric Carrier Materials for the Construction of Medicine Carriers. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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41
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Ahmad MM, Chatha SAS, Hussain AI, Khan I. Chemical modification and antioxidant activities of Carissa carandas fruit polysaccharides. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01693-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zhang R, Liu B, Ma J, Zhu R. Preparation and characterization of carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan/alginic acid hydrogels with adjustable pore structure for adsorption of heavy metal ions. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Liang J, Zhao Y, Yang F, Zheng L, Ma Y, Liu Q, Cai L, Gong W, Wang B. Preparation and structure-activity relationship of highly active black garlic polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:601-612. [PMID: 35988729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a method to improve the biological activity of polysaccharides. Three acid-treated polysaccharides (BGPS-2, BGPS-3 and BGPS-4) were obtained by treating black garlic polysaccharides (BGPS-1) with sulfuric acid at different intensities. The structure was characterized using the sulfuric acid-carbazole assay, IC, HPSEC-MALLS and FT-IR. The biological functions were evaluated using antioxidant and melanin biosynthesis inhibition assays. Compared with BGPS-1, the molecular weight of acid-treated polysaccharides significantly decreased, and the uronic acid content significantly increased. Antioxidant capacity negatively correlated with molecular weight, whereas melanin inhibition activity positively correlated with uronic acid content. BGPS-4 had the highest antioxidant capacity and the lowest molecular weight (1.25 × 103 Da), 79.41 % lower than that of BGPS-1. BGPS-3 was the strongest inhibitor of melanin formation and had the highest uronic acid content (50.73 %), 238.2 % higher than that of BGPS-1. Molecular weight and uronic acid content were the main structural characteristics that affected the antioxidant and melanin biosynthesis inhibition activities, respectively. BGPS-1, BGPS-2, BGPS-3, and BGPS-4 all had β-linked pyranose, multi-branched, and non-triple helical spiral structures. Therefore, the acid hydrolysis method markedly modified the structural characteristics of black garlic polysaccharides, and increased their antioxidant capacity and melanin biosynthesis inhibition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Yonglei Zhao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Furui Yang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China.
| | - Yaohong Ma
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Qingai Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Lei Cai
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Weili Gong
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Binglian Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
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Health benefits of functional plant polysaccharides in metabolic syndrome: An overview. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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