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Carigi S, Gentile P, Gori M, Tinti D, De Gennaro L, Leonardi G, Orso F, Felici AR, Catalano MR, Floresta M, Rizzello V, Lucci D, Gonzini L, De Maria R, Marini M. Clinical characteristics, treatment, trajectories and outcome of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy in a national heart failure registry. Int J Cardiol 2024; 407:131986. [PMID: 38513737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Available data on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) derive mainly from tertiary care centres for cardiomyopathies or from drug trial sub-studies, which may entail a referral bias. METHODS From 2008 to 2021, we enrolled in a nationwide HF Registry 1886 DCM patients and 3899 with ischemic heart disease (IHD). RESULTS Patients with DCM were younger, more often female, had more commonly recent onset HF, left bundle branch block, and showed higher LV end-diastolic volume and lower LVEF than IHD. With respect to IHD, DCM patients received more often mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, renin angiotensin system inhibitors and betablockers, the latter more commonly at doses ≥50% of target, and triple guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) (adjusted OR 1.411, 95% CI 1.247-1.595, p < .0001). During one-year follow-up, 819 patients (14.2%) died or were hospitalized for HF [187 (9.9%) DCM, 632 (16.2%) IHD]; DCM was associated with lower risk of the combined end-point (adjusted HR 0.745, 95% CI 0.625- 0.888, p = .0011). Among the 1954 patients with 1-year echocardiograms available, 1483 had LVEF≤40% at baseline; of these,166 (30.6%) DCM and 165 (17.5%) IHD improved their LVEF to >40% (p < .0001). DCM aetiology was associated with higher likelihood of LVEF improvement (adjusted OR 1.722, 95% CI 1.328 -2.233, p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS DCM patients have a different clinical profile, greater uptake of GDMT and better outcomes than IHD subjects. A comprehensive management approach is needed to further address the risk of unfavorable outcomes in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuela Carigi
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy; Cardiology Unit, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy
| | - Piero Gentile
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy; De Gasperis Cardio ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Gori
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy; Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Denitza Tinti
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy; Unit of Cardiology, San Camillo Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa De Gennaro
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy; Cardiology Department, San Paolo Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Leonardi
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy; SSD Severe Heart Failure, PO "G. Rodolico", Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Orso
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy; Heart Failure Unit, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Felici
- UOC di Cardiologia e UTIC, Ospedale dei Castelli, Ariccia, Italy
| | | | - Marina Floresta
- UOC Cardiologia e UTIC Villa Sofia, AOR Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rizzello
- UOC Cardiologia d'urgenza e UTIC, AO San Giovanni Addolorata, Roma, Italy
| | - Donata Lucci
- ANMCO Research Centre, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucio Gonzini
- ANMCO Research Centre, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Renata De Maria
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy.
| | - Marco Marini
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Cardiology, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
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Zhao W, Qin J, Lu G, Wang Y, Qiao L, Li Y. Association between hyponatremia and adverse clinical outcomes of heart failure: current evidence based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1339203. [PMID: 38204798 PMCID: PMC10777843 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1339203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Heart failure (HF) is a global health challenge. The perturbations in fluid and electrolyte equilibrium, particularly the compromised sodium balance associated with HF lead to high mortality rates. Hence, elucidating the correlation between serum sodium levels and the prognosis of HF is of paramount importance. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis to thoroughly investigate the interplay between hyponatremia and the prognostic outlook of individuals with HF. Methods A comprehensive search of bibliographic databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted to identify relevant observational studies examining the association between hyponatremia and prognosis of HF. Data extraction, synthesis, and assessment of risk of bias were conducted. Meta-analytic methods, sensitivity analyses, and heterogeneity test were employed as appropriate to synthesize the data. Results A total of 43,316 patients with HF were included spanning 25 selected studies. The pooled data revealed a notable association between hyponatremia and elevated risks across short and long-term mortality of HF. Specifically, hyponatremia was found to significantly increase the likelihood of all-cause mortality (Hazard ratio [HR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78-2.12); 1-year mortality (HR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.46-1.90); 30-day mortality (HR = 2.03, 95%CI: 1.73-2.25); cardiac mortality (HR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.81-2.46); and in-hospital mortality (HR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.15-2.34). Conclusion Our meta-analysis emphasizes the significant impact of hyponatremia on mortality in the HF patient population, highlighting the critical importance of maintaining stable serum sodium levels in HF management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yifei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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De Maria R, Gori M, Marini M, Gonzini L, Benvenuto M, Cassaniti L, Municinò A, Navazio A, Ammirati E, Leonardi G, Pagnoni N, Montagna L, Catalano M, Midi P, Marina Floresta A, Pulignano G, Iacoviello M. Temporal trends in characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of heart failure in octogenarians over two decades. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2022; 75:883-893. [PMID: 35523670 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Octogenarians represent the most rapidly expanding population segment in Europe. The prevalence of heart failure (HF) in this group exceeds 10%. We assessed changes in clinical characteristics, therapy, and 1-year outcomes over 2 decades in chronic HF outpatients aged ≥ 80 years enrolled in a nationwide cardiology registry. METHODS We included 2520 octogenarians with baseline echocardiographic ejection fraction measurements and available 1-year follow-up, who were recruited at 138 HF outpatient clinics (21% of national hospitals with cardiology units), across 3 enrolment periods (1999-2005, 2006-2011, 2012-2018). RESULTS At recruitment, over the 3 study periods, there was an increase in age, body mass index, ejection fraction, the prevalence of obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, pre-existing hypertension, and atrial fibrillation history. The proportion of patients with preserved ejection fraction rose from 19.4% to 32.7% (P for trend <.0001). Markers of advanced disease became less prevalent. Prescription of beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists increased over time. During the 1-year follow-up, 308 patients died (12.2%) and 360 (14.3%) were admitted for cardiovascular causes; overall, 591 (23.5%) met the combined primary endpoint of all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization. On adjusted multivariable analysis, enrolment in 2006 to 2011 (HR, 0.70; 95%CI, 0.55-0.90; P=.004) and 2012 to 2018 (HR, 0.61; 95%CI, 0.47-0.79; P=.0002) carried a lower risk of the primary outcome than recruitment in 1999 to 2005. CONCLUSIONS Among octogenarians, over 2 decades, risk factor prevalence increased, management strategies improved, and survival remained stable, but the proportion hospitalized for cardiovascular causes declined. Despite increasing clinical complexity, in cardiology settings the burden of hospitalizations in the oldest old with chronic HF is declining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata De Maria
- Heart Failure Working Group, Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Florence, Italy.
| | - Mauro Gori
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marco Marini
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Cardiology, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucio Gonzini
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Benvenuto
- Intensive Cardiac Care Unit Cardiology and Hemodynamics, Giuseppe Mazzini Hospital, Teramo, Italy
| | - Leonarda Cassaniti
- Cardiology Division, Hospital of National Importance and High Specialization "Garibaldi", "Garibaldi-Nesima" Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Navazio
- Cardiology Division, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (AUSL) di Reggio Emilia - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Enrico Ammirati
- De Gasperis Cardio Center and Transplant Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Leonardi
- Severe Heart Failure Unit, Policlinico Catania, Rodolico Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pagnoni
- Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Montagna
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology Division, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Catalano
- Cardiology Department with Intensive Cardiac Care Unit and Hemodynamics, Azienda Ospedaliera Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Midi
- Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies Department, Cardiology Division, Castelli Hospital, Ariccia, Italy
| | - Agata Marina Floresta
- Cardiology Division Villa Sofia-Regional reference Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure, Azienda Ospedaliera Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pulignano
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Iacoviello
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital Policlinico Riuniti, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Peng S, Peng J, Yang L, Ke W. Relationship between serum sodium levels and all-cause mortality in congestive heart failure patients: A retrospective cohort study based on the Mimic-III database.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1919991/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The relationship between serum sodium levels and mortality in congestive heart failure (CHF) patients has not been well studied previously. Serum sodium levels are linked to an increased risk of all-cause death in CHF patients over the short, medium, and long term. Serum sodium levels are strongly linked to an increased risk of death from congestive heart failure and could be a new risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The goal of this study is to look into the relationship between serum sodium levels and all-cause mortality in people with CHF after controlling for other factors.METHODS: The publicly accessible Mimic III database was the source of data for our study. We use the ICU Admission Scoring System to collect demographic data, laboratory findings, comorbidities, vital signs, and scoring information for each patient. Cox proportional risk analysis, smooth curve fitting, and the Kaplan-Meier survival curve were used to assess the relationship between baseline sodium levels and all-cause mortality in CHF patients.RESULTS: The segmentation regression model discovered a turning point value of serum sodium levels (137.5mmol/L) between serum sodium levels and all-cause mortality. According to the results of the fully adjusted Cox proportional hazard model, lower serum sodium levels (<137.5mmol/L) were associated with an increased risk of 30-day, 90-day, 365-day, and 4-year all-cause deaths. The HRs and 95th confidence intervals were 0.96 (0.94, 0.99) , 0.96 (0.94, 0.99), 0.96 (0.94, 0.98) , and 0.96 (0.95, 0.98), respectively; The higher Serum sodium levels(≥137.5mmol/L) were related to associate multiplied risk of 30-day, 90-day, 365-day, and 4-year all-cause deaths; the HRs and 95th confidence intervals were 1.02 (1.00, 1.05), 1.02 (1.00, 1.04), 1.02 (1.00, 1.03) , and 1.02 (1.00, 1.03), respectively.CONCLUSION: Serum sodium levels were u-shaped about all-cause mortality. In individuals with CHF, serum sodium levels are linked to an elevated risk of short-, medium-, and long-term all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixuan Peng
- The First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, the University of South China
| | | | | | - Weiqi Ke
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College
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Tendencias temporales en las características, tratamiento y resultados de la insuficiencia cardiaca en octogenarios durante dos décadas. Rev Esp Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Gori M, Marini M, De Maria R, Gonzini L, Gorini M, Cassaniti L, Benvenuto M, Municinò A, Navazio A, Ammirati E, Leonardi G, Pagnoni N, Montagna L, Catalano M, Midi P, Floresta AM, Pulignano G, Maggioni AP, Tavazzi L, Iacoviello M. Age-related changes in clinical characteristics and outcomes of chronic heart failure outpatients in a cardiology setting. A report from the Italian Network on Heart Failure. Int J Cardiol 2022; 346:36-44. [PMID: 34793855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ageing and comorbidities are increasing frailty/complexity of heart failure (HF) patients globally. We assessed evolving trends over two decades according to patients' age and time of recruitment in a nationwide cardiology setting in Italy. METHODS AND RESULTS Chronic HF outpatients recruited between 1999 and 2018 (N = 14,823) were divided into 3 cohorts: 1999-2005 (N = 5404); 2006-2011 (N = 3971); 2012-2018 (N = 5448). We analyzed temporal changes in clinical characteristics, therapies, and outcome (1-year all-cause mortality/cardiovascular hospitalization), overall and by age group: <65 (n = 5465); 65-79 (n = 6838); ≥80 (n = 2520) years old. Across enrolment epochs, comorbidities (atrial fibrillation, hypertension, obesity) increased by both epoch/age groups (p < 0.001), whereas the prevalence of ischemic etiology declined among patients ≥65 years (p = 0.05). Accordingly, the preserved LVEF phenotype (HFpEF) increased in all age categories (p < 0.001) over time. Moreover, the use of betablockers, mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists and loop-diuretics rose by enrolment epoch in all age groups (p < 0.05). In parallel with these epidemiologic/treatment changes, age-adjusted survival free from cardiovascular hospitalization improved over time (p < 0.0001). However, divergent trends in the end-point components were apparent according to age groups: mortality decreased in patients<80 years, although hospitalizations remained stable in the youngest group, while subjects ≥65 years were less likely to be admitted for cardiovascular causes (all p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Over two decades in a cardiology outpatient setting, the prevalence of comorbid HFpEF increased in all age categories. Mortality improved among patients<80 years and cardiovascular hospitalizations decreased in patients≥65 years. These findings point to the value of cardiologist' input in the management of adult chronic HF patients at all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gori
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marco Marini
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Cardiology-ICCU, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Renata De Maria
- CNR - Clinical Physiology Institute, Great Metropolitan Hospital Niguarda, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lucio Gonzini
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Gorini
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonarda Cassaniti
- Cardiology Division, A.O. of National Importance and High Specialization "Garibaldi", "Garibaldi-Nesima" Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessandro Navazio
- Cardiology Division, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Azienda USL di Reggio Emilia - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Enrico Ammirati
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, and Transplant Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Leonardi
- SSD Severe Heart Failure, Policlinico Catania PO G. Rodolico, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pagnoni
- Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation, AO, San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Montagna
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology Division, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, (TO), Italy
| | | | - Paolo Midi
- "Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies" Department, Cardiology Division, Castelli Hospital, Ariccia (RM), Italy
| | - Agata Marina Floresta
- Cardiology Division Villa Sofia-Regional reference Center for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure, AOR Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pulignano
- Heart Failure Unit/Cardiology Unit/CCU, A.O. San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Massimo Iacoviello
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital Policlinico Riuniti, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Peng S, Peng J, Yang L, Ke W. Relationship between serum sodium levels and all-cause mortality in congestive heart failure patients: A retrospective cohort study based on the Mimic-III database. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1082845. [PMID: 36712264 PMCID: PMC9880197 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1082845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between serum sodium levels and mortality in congestive heart failure (CHF) patients has not been well-studied previously. The non-linear correlation between serum sodium levels and mortality in patients with heart failure is currently controversial, and the relationship between different serum sodium levels and mortality is disputed. The goal of this study is to look into the relationship between serum sodium levels and all-cause mortality in people with CHF after controlling for other factors. METHODS The publicly accessible Mimic III database was the source of data for our study. We use the ICU Admission Scoring System to collect demographic data, laboratory findings, comorbidities, vital signs, and scoring information for each patient. Cox proportional risk analysis, smooth curve fitting, and the Kaplan-Meier survival curve were used to assess the relationship between baseline sodium levels and all-cause mortality in CHF patients. RESULTS The segmentation regression model discovered a turning point value of serum sodium levels (137.5 mmol/L) between serum sodium levels and all-cause mortality. According to the results of the fully adjusted Cox proportional hazard model, lower serum sodium levels (<137.5 mmol/L) were associated with an increased risk of 30, 90, 365-day, and 4-year all-cause deaths. The HRs and 95th confidence intervals were 0.96 (0.94, 0.99), 0.96 (0.94, 0.99), 0.96 (0.94, 0.98), and 0.96 (0.95, 0.98), respectively; the higher serum sodium levels (≥137.5 mmol/L) were related to an associated multiplied risk of 30, 90, 365-day, and 4-year all-cause deaths; the HRs and 95th confidence intervals were 1.02 (1.00, 1.05), 1.02 (1.00, 1.04), 1.02 (1.00, 1.03), and 1.02 (1.00, 1.03), respectively. CONCLUSION Serum sodium levels were u-shaped about all-cause mortality. In individuals with CHF, serum sodium levels are linked to an elevated risk of short-, medium-, and long-term all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixuan Peng
- Department of Oncology, Graduate Collaborative Training Base of The First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jianxing Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Anxiang People's Hospital, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Lianju Yang
- Department of Health Management Centre, Anxiang People's Hospital, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Weiqi Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiqi Ke ✉
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Jones NR, Roalfe AK, Adoki I, Hobbs FDR, Taylor CJ. Survival of patients with chronic heart failure in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:1306-1325. [PMID: 31523902 PMCID: PMC6919428 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To provide reliable survival estimates for people with chronic heart failure and explain variation in survival by key factors including age at diagnosis, left ventricular ejection fraction, decade of diagnosis, and study setting. Methods and results We searched in relevant databases from inception to August 2018 for non‐interventional studies reporting survival rates for patients with chronic or stable heart failure in any ambulatory setting. Across the 60 included studies, there was survival data for 1.5 million people with heart failure. In our random effects meta‐analyses the pooled survival rates at 1 month, 1, 2, 5 and 10 years were 95.7% (95% confidence interval 94.3–96.9), 86.5% (85.4–87.6), 72.6% (67.0–76.6), 56.7% (54.0–59.4) and 34.9% (24.0–46.8), respectively. The 5‐year survival rates improved between 1970–1979 and 2000–2009 across healthcare settings, from 29.1% (25.5–32.7) to 59.7% (54.7–64.6). Increasing age at diagnosis was significantly associated with a reduced survival time. Mortality was lowest in studies conducted in secondary care, where there were higher reported prescribing rates of key heart failure medications. There was significant heterogeneity among the included studies in terms of heart failure diagnostic criteria, participant co‐morbidities, and treatment rates. Conclusion These results can inform health policy and individual patient advanced care planning. Mortality associated with chronic heart failure remains high despite steady improvements in survival. There remains significant scope to improve prognosis through greater implementation of evidence‐based treatments. Further research exploring the barriers and facilitators to treatment is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Jones
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea K Roalfe
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ibiye Adoki
- Foundation Training Programme, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - F D Richard Hobbs
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Clare J Taylor
- Foundation Training Programme, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Miles JA, Quispe R, Mehlman Y, Patel K, Lama Von Buchwald C, You JY, Sokol S, Faillace RT. Racial differences and mortality risk in patients with heart failure and hyponatremia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218504. [PMID: 31216316 PMCID: PMC6583993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyponatremia is a well-established poor prognostic marker in patients with heart failure. Whether the mortality risk is comparable among different races of patients with heart failure and hyponatremia is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure and an admission sodium level<135 mEq/L from 1/1/2001 through 12/31/10 were identified. Patients were divided into four groups based on self-reported race: white, African American, Hispanic and other. African Americans were used as the reference group for statistical analysis. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. RESULTS We included 4,343 patients, from which 1,356 (31%) identified as white, 1,248 (29%) as African American, 780 (18%) as Hispanic and 959 (22%) as other. During a median follow-up of 23 months, a total of 2,384 patients died: 678 were African American, 820 were white, 298 were Hispanic and 588 were other. After adjusting for baseline demographics, comorbidities and medication use, Hispanic patients had a 45% less risk of death as compared to African Americans (HR .55, CI .48-.64, p<0.05). There was no difference in mortality between white and African American patients (HR 1.04, CI .92-1.2, p = 0.79). CONCLUSION Hispanic patients admitted for heart failure and who were hyponatremic on admission had an independent lower risk of mortality compared to other groups. These findings may be due to the disparate activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system among various racial groups. This observational study is hypothesis generating and suggests that treatment of patients with heart failure and hyponatremia should perhaps be focused more on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system reduction in certain racial groups, yet less in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A. Miles
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Renato Quispe
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Yonatan Mehlman
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Kavisha Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Claudia Lama Von Buchwald
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jee Young You
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Seth Sokol
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert T. Faillace
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
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Hyponatremia is associated with occurrence of atrial fibrillation in outpatients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Hellenic J Cardiol 2019; 60:117-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Antonini L, Mollica C, Aspromonte N, Pasceri V, Auriti A, Gonzini L, Maggioni P, Colivicchi F. A simple prognostic index in acute heart failure. Minerva Cardioangiol 2019; 67. [DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4725.18.04731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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12
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Dunlap ME, Hauptman PJ, Amin AN, Chase SL, Chiodo JA, Chiong JR, Dasta JF. Current Management of Hyponatremia in Acute Heart Failure: A Report From the Hyponatremia Registry for Patients With Euvolemic and Hypervolemic Hyponatremia (HN Registry). J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.005261. [PMID: 28775063 PMCID: PMC5586406 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.005261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyponatremia (HN) occurs commonly in patients with acute heart failure and confers a worse prognosis. Current HN treatment varies widely, with no consensus. This study recorded treatment practices currently used for patients hospitalized with acute heart failure and HN. Methods and Results Data were collected prospectively from 146 US sites on patients hospitalized with acute heart failure and HN (serum sodium concentration [Na+] ≤130 mEq/L) present at admission or developing in the hospital. Baseline variables, HN treatment, and laboratory values were recorded. Of 762 patients, median [Na+] was 126 mEq/L (interquartile range, 7) at baseline and increased to 130 mEq/L at discharge. Fluid restriction was the most commonly prescribed therapy (44%), followed by no specific HN treatment beyond therapy for congestion (23%), isotonic saline (5%), tolvaptan (4%), and hypertonic saline (2%). Median rate of change in [Na+] varied by treatment (0.5 [interquartile range, 1.0] to 2.3 [8.0] mEq/L/d) and median treatment duration ranged from 1 (interquartile range, 1) to 6 (5) days. Fluid restriction and no specific HN treatment resulted in similar changes in [Na+], and were least effective in correcting HN. Few patients (19%) had [Na+] ≥135 mEq/L at discharge. Conclusions The most commonly used treatment approaches for HN (fluid restriction and no specific treatment) in acute heart failure increased [Na+] minimally, and most patients remained hyponatremic at discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Dunlap
- MetroHealth Campus of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Sandra L Chase
- Otsuka Product Development & Commercialization, Inc.,, Princeton, NJ
| | - Joseph A Chiodo
- Otsuka Product Development & Commercialization, Inc.,, Princeton, NJ
| | - Jun R Chiong
- Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Joseph F Dasta
- The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Hutto, TX
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13
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Park JJ, Choi DJ, Yoon CH, Oh IY, Lee JH, Ahn S, Yoo BS, Kang SM, Kim JJ, Baek SH, Cho MC, Jeon ES, Chae SC, Ryu KH, Oh BH. The prognostic value of arterial blood gas analysis in high-risk acute heart failure patients: an analysis of the Korean Heart Failure (KorHF) registry. Eur J Heart Fail 2016; 17:601-11. [PMID: 26096207 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS In acute heart failure (AHF) patients, pulmonary oedema and low tissue perfusion may lead to changes in the acid-base balance, which may be associated with worse outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS In this prospective nationwide cohort study from 24 academic hospitals, arterial blood gas (ABG) was measured in 1982 AHF patients at hospital admission. Acidosis was defined as pH <7.36, and alkalosis as pH >7.44. Mortality was stratified according to ABG results. Overall, 19% had acidosis, 37% had normal pH, and 44% had alkalosis. The most common type of acidosis was the mixed type (42%) followed by metabolic acidosis (40%), and the most common type of alkalosis was respiratory alkalosis (58%). At 12 months' follow-up 304 patients (15%) died. Patients with acidosis had higher mortality (acidosis 19.5%, neutral pH 13.7%, alkalosis 14.9%; P = 0.007). In the Cox proportional-hazards regression model, acidosis was a significant predictor of mortality (hazard ratio 1.93; 95% confidence intervals 1.27-2.93) along with N-terminal pro-brain type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), among others. In contrast, alkalosis was not associated with increased mortality. pH had an incremental prognostic value over NT-proBNP (net reclassification improvement 30%; P < 0.001), and ABG analysis identified extra patients at increased risk for mortality among patients with an NT-proBNP level less than the median (12-month mortality 17.5% vs. 9.9%; P = 0.009). CONCLUSION In high-risk AHF patients, the most common acid-base imbalance is respiratory alkalosis. Acidosis is observed in every fifth patient and is a significant predictor of mortality. pH provides an additional prognostic value and may be used to optimize risk stratification in high-risk AHF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong-Ju Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Il-Young Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Lee
- the Medical Research Collaborating Centre, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Soyeon Ahn
- the Medical Research Collaborating Centre, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Byung-Su Yoo
- Division of Cardiology, Yonsei University Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Yonsei University Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hong Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeong-Chan Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shung Chull Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyu-Hyung Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Hee Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Yoo BS, Park JJ, Choi DJ, Kang SM, Hwang JJ, Lin SJ, Wen MS, Zhang J, Ge J. Prognostic value of hyponatremia in heart failure patients: an analysis of the Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in the Relation with Serum Sodium Level in Asian Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure (COAST) study. Korean J Intern Med 2015; 30:460-70. [PMID: 26161012 PMCID: PMC4497333 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.30.4.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hyponatremia is a well-known risk factor for poor outcomes in Western studies of heart failure (HF) patients. We evaluated the predictive value of hyponatremia in hospitalized Asian HF patients. METHODS The Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in the Relation with Serum Sodium Level in Asian Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure (the COAST) study enrolled hospitalized patients with systolic HF (ejection fraction < 45%) at eight centers in South Korea, Taiwan, and China. The relationship between admission sodium level and clinical outcomes was analyzed in 1,470 patients. RESULTS The mean admission sodium level was 138 ± 4.7 mmol/L, and 247 patients (16.8%) had hyponatremia defined as Na(+) < 135 mmol/L. The 12-month mortality was higher in hyponatremic patients (27.9% vs. 14.6%, p < 0.001), and hyponatremia was an independent predictor of 12-month mortality (hazard ratio, 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 2.65). During hospital admission, 57% of hyponatremic patients showed improvement without improvement in their clinical outcomes (p = 0.620). The proportion of patients with optimal medical treatment was only 26.5% and 44.2% at admission and discharge, respectively, defined as the combined use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker and β-blocker. Underuse of optimal medical treatment was more pronounced in hyponatremic patients. CONCLUSIONS In hospitalized Asian HF patients, hyponatremia at admission is common and is an independent predictor of poor clinical outcome. Furthermore, hyponatremic patients receive less optimal medical treatment than their counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Su Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jin Joo Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong-Ju Choi
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juey-Jen Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shien Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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15
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Fragasso G, Marinosci G, Calori G, Spoladore R, Arioli F, Bassanelli G, Salerno A, Cuko A, Puccetti P, Silipigni C, Palloshi A, Margonato A. Improved survival in patients with chronic mild/moderate systolic heart failure followed up in a specialist clinic. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2013; 14:57-65. [PMID: 22157180 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e32834ae697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To relate therapeutic issues, comorbidities and functional parameters to mortality/morbidity of mild/moderate heart failure patients. METHODS From our heart failure clinic, 372 heart failure patients (269 men, aged 66 ± 11 years), with stable heart failure and ejection fraction 45% or less were recruited. Survival curves were estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Associations of protective/risk factors with cardiovascular mortality/morbidity were also evaluated. RESULTS One hundred and two patients (27%) died (aged 70 ± 10 years at diagnosis, 76 ± 10 at death) during follow-up (overall mortality at 60 months: 19.2%; mean follow-up period: 67 ± 44 months). Cardiovascular deaths were 64 (63% of total deaths, 44 men, age at diagnosis 70 ± 9). Cardiovascular mortality at 60 months was 12%; standardized mortality ratio was 5.9 for women and 6.8 for men. The remaining 38 patients (37% of total deaths, 30 men, age at diagnosis 70 ± 10) died of noncardiovascular causes. Overall, noncardiovascular mortality at 60 months was 7.2%; mean survival time from diagnosis to death was 63 ± 69 months (median 42, Q1 = 27.5, Q3 = 77.7). Average cardiovascular admission rate was 1.63 ± 1.84 admissions/patient. At multivariate analysis, only previous history of myocardial infarction [hazard ratio: 3.62 (1.70-7.73)], class of ejection fraction at diagnosis [hazard ratio: 0.36 (0.32-0.60)], acute cardiac decompensation at any time [hazard ratio: 1.55 (1.32-1.84)], implanted defibrillator [hazard ratio: 0.11 (0.01-0.83)] and use of statins [hazard ratio: 0.08 (0.007-0.42)] were independently associated with cardiovascular mortality. Factors associated to higher annual cardiovascular morbidity were age at diagnosis, chronic renal failure, diabetes, cardiac decompensation at any time, female sex and diuretic therapy. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and/or angiotensin-receptor-blockers reduced annual cardiovascular morbidity. CONCLUSION Survival in mild/moderate heart failure patients has consistently improved. Further improvements are warranted in terms of morbidity reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Fragasso
- Clinical Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
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Tavazzi L, Senni M, Metra M, Gorini M, Cacciatore G, Chinaglia A, Di Lenarda A, Mortara A, Oliva F, Maggioni AP. Multicenter prospective observational study on acute and chronic heart failure: one-year follow-up results of IN-HF (Italian Network on Heart Failure) outcome registry. Circ Heart Fail 2013; 6:473-81. [PMID: 23476054 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.112.000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical observational studies on heart failure (HF) deal mostly with hospitalized patients, few with chronic outpatients, all with no or limited longitudinal observation. METHODS AND RESULTS This is a multicenter, nationwide, prospective observational trial on a population of 5610 patients, 1855 hospitalized for acute HF (AHF) and 3755 outpatients with chronic HF (CHF), followed up for 1 year. The cumulative total mortality rate at 1 year was 24% in AHF (19.2% in 797 patients with de novo HF and 27.7% in 1058 with worsening HF) and 5.9% in CHF. Cardiovascular deaths accounted for 73.1% and 65.3% and HF deaths for 42.4% and 40.5% of total deaths in AHF and CHF patients, respectively. One-year hospitalization rates were 30.7% in AHF and 22.7% in CHF patients. Among the independent predictors of 1-year all-cause death, age, low systolic blood pressure, anemia, and renal dysfunction were identified in both acute and chronic patients. A few additional variables were significant only in AHF (signs of cerebral hypoperfusion, low serum sodium, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute pulmonary edema), whereas others were observed only in CHF patients (lower body mass index, higher heart rate, New York Heart Association class, large QRS, and severe mitral regurgitation). CONCLUSIONS In this contemporary data set, patients with CHF had a relatively low mortality rate compared with those with AHF. Rates of adverse outcomes in patients admitted for AHF remain very high either in-hospital or after discharge. Most deaths were cardiovascular in origin and ≈40% of deaths were directly related to HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Tavazzi
- GVM Hospitals of Care and Research, Ettore Sansavini Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
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17
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Senni M, Parrella P, De Maria R, Cottini C, Böhm M, Ponikowski P, Filippatos G, Tribouilloy C, Di Lenarda A, Oliva F, Pulignano G, Cicoira M, Nodari S, Porcu M, Cioffi G, Gabrielli D, Parodi O, Ferrazzi P, Gavazzi A. Predicting heart failure outcome from cardiac and comorbid conditions: The 3C-HF score. Int J Cardiol 2013; 163:206-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Inama G, Pedrinazzi C, Landolina M, Oliva F, Senni M, Proclemer A, Berisso MZ, Pirelli S. Use of implantable cardioverter defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization therapy. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2012; 13:675-83. [DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e32834bd918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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19
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Egstrup M, Schou M, Tuxen CD, Kistorp CN, Hildebrandt PR, Gustafsson F, Faber J, Goetze JP, Gustafsson I. Prediction of outcome by highly sensitive troponin T in outpatients with chronic systolic left ventricular heart failure. Am J Cardiol 2012; 110:552-7. [PMID: 22579083 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to assess the prognostic impact of a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) assay in an outpatient population with chronic systolic left ventricular heart failure (HF). Four hundred sixteen patients with chronic HF and left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 45% were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. In addition to hs-cTnT, plasma amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was measured at baseline. Mean age was 71 years, 29% were women, 62% had coronary artery disease (CAD), mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 31%, and 57% had abnormal level of hs-cTnT. During 4.4 years of follow-up, 211 (51%) patients died. In multivariate Cox regression models, hs-cTnT was categorized as quartiles or dichotomized by the 99th percentile of a healthy population. Adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality for quartiles 2 to 4, with quartile 1 as reference, were 1.4 (95% confidence interval 0.9 to 2.4, p = 0.16) for quartile 2, 1.7 (0.9 to 2.5, p = 0.12) for quartile 3, and 2.6 (1.6 to 4.4, p <0.001) for quartile 4 and 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5, p = 0.003) for abnormal versus normal level of hs-cTnT. In patients without CAD, quartile 4 of hs-cTnT was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 6.8. In conclusion, hs-cTnT is increased in most outpatients with chronic systolic HF and carries prognostic information beyond clinical parameters and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Increased hs-cTnT indicated a particularly deleterious prognosis in patients without CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Egstrup
- Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology, Frederiksberg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Oliva F, Mortara A, Cacciatore G, Chinaglia A, Di Lenarda A, Gorini M, Metra M, Senni M, Maggioni AP, Tavazzi L. Acute heart failure patient profiles, management and in-hospital outcome: results of the Italian Registry on Heart Failure Outcome. Eur J Heart Fail 2012; 14:1208-17. [PMID: 22833614 DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfs117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Registries and surveys improve knowledge of the 'real world'. This paper aims to describe baseline clinical profiles, management strategies, and the in-hospital outcome of patients admitted to hospital for an acute heart failure (AHF) episode. METHODS AND RESULTS IN-HF Outcome is a nationwide, prospective, multicentre, observational study conducted in 61 Cardiology Centres in Italy. Up to December 2009, 5610 patients had been enrolled, 1855 (33%) with AHF and 3755 (67%) with chronic heart failure (CHF). Baseline and in-hospital outcome data of AHF patients are presented. Mean age was 72 ± 12 years, and 39.8% were female. Hospital admission was due to new-onset heart failure (HF) in 43% of cases. Co-morbid conditions were observed more frequently in the worsening HF group, while those with de novo HF showed a higher heart rate, blood pressure, and more preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Electrical devices were previously implanted in 13.3% of the entire group. Inotropes were administered in 19.4% of the patients. The median duration of hospital stay was 10 days (interquartile range 7-15). All-cause in-hospital death was 6.4%, similar in worsening and de novo HF. Older age, hypotension, cardiogenic shock, pulmonary oedema, symptoms of hypoperfusion, hyponatraemia, and elevated creatinine were independent predictors of all-cause death. CONCLUSION Our registry confirms that in-hospital mortality in AHF is still high, with a long length of stay. Pharmacological treatment seems to be practically unchanged in the last decades, and the adherence to HF guidelines concerning implantable cardioverter defibrillators/cardiac resynchronization therapy is still very low. Some AHF phenotypes are characterized by worst prognosis and need specific research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Oliva
- Cardiologia 2 Heart Failure and Heart Transplant Program, 'A. De Gasperis' Cardiovascular Department, Niguarda Hospital, Milano, Italy.
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Abstract
Heart failure is one of the most common, costly, disabling and growing diseases (McMurray and Pfeffer in Lancet 365(9474):1877-1889, 2005). Hyponatremia, conventionally defined as a serum-sodium concentration equal or less than 135 mmol/l (American Heart Association in Heart disease and stroke statistics--2007 update. American Heart Association, Dallas, 2007; Stewart et al. in Eur J Heart Fail 4:361-371, 2002), is a common phenomenon in patients with heart failure, with an incidence of 20-25% (Krumholz et al. in Arch Intern Med 157:e99-e104, 1997; Rosamond et al. in Circulation 117(4):e25-e146, 2008; Adrogue and Madias in N Engl J Med 342:1581-1589, 2000) and seems to be of prognostic importance in patients with heart failure (Luca et al. in Am J Cardiol 96:19L-23L, 2005; Gheorghiade et al. in Eur Heart J 28:980-988, 2007; Gheorghiade et al. in Arch Intern Med 167:1998-2005, 2007). So far treatment strategies have been limited and burdened by side effects. The development of hyponatremia in the setting of heart failure is related to the arginine vasopressin (AVP) dysregulation. Thus, AVP receptor antagonists are a promising approach to treatment. However, several questions remain: whether there is a cause-and-effect mechanism, if the correction of hyponatremia improves outcomes, and defining the specific cut-off level of serum-sodium that should be used to define hyponatremia. In this review, we aim to summarize the literature on hyponatremia in patients with heart failure within several aspects: incidence in clinical trials and registries, prognostic value, underlying mechanisms, therapeutic options, and possible future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bettari
- University of the Studies of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, Italy.
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22
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Blozik E, Eisele M, Scherer M. [Improvements in survival in patients with heart failure]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2012; 55:552-7. [PMID: 22441525 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-012-1456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe improvements in survival of patients with heart failure. In addition, factors that may have contributed to these improvements are discussed. The extent of improvement in survival is substantial. This is presumably mainly due to a broad spectrum of new therapeutic options and the introduction of clinical guidelines, and the increasing level of awareness and adherence. For the near future, the increasing implementation of disease management programs and complex interventions has the potential to have a further positive influence on the survival of patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Blozik
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universität Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, Haus West 34 (W34), 2. OG, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
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Mommersteeg PMC, Pelle AJ, Ramakers C, Szabó BM, Denollet J, Kupper N. Type D personality and course of health status over 18 months in outpatients with heart failure: multiple mediating inflammatory biomarkers. Brain Behav Immun 2012; 26:301-10. [PMID: 21983280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distressed (Type D) personality is associated with poor health status (HS) and increased inflammatory activation in heart failure (HF). We tested whether multiple inflammatory biomarkers mediated the association between Type D personality and the course of self-reported HS over 18 months. METHODS HF outpatients (n=228, 80% male, mean age 67.0±8.7 years), filled out the Type D questionnaire (DS14) at inclusion and the Short Form-12 (SF12) and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) at 0, 6, 12, and 18 months. Blood samples at inclusion were analyzed for high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and its soluble receptors (sTNFr1, sTNFr2). A multiple mediation latent growth model was tested using structural equation modeling. RESULTS Type D personality (prevalence=21%) was associated with poorer HS (all scales p<0.001), deterioration of mental HS (p<0.001), and higher TNF-α and sTNFr2 levels in the full mediation model. A higher inflammatory burden was associated with a poorer baseline level and a deterioration of generic physical, mental and disease-specific HS. No mediating effects were found for the multiple inflammatory biomarkers on the association between Type D and baseline self-reported HS, whereas change in physical HS was significantly mediated by the group of five inflammatory biomarkers (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS Only the association between Type D personality and change in self-reported physical health status was significantly mediated by inflammatory biomarkers. Future research should investigate whether the association between Type D personality and poor health status may be explained by other biological or behavioral factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M C Mommersteeg
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
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Egstrup M, Schou M, Gustafsson I, Kistorp CN, Hildebrandt PR, Tuxen CD. Oral glucose tolerance testing in an outpatient heart failure clinic reveals a high proportion of undiagnosed diabetic patients with an adverse prognosis. Eur J Heart Fail 2010; 13:319-26. [PMID: 21148170 DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We evaluated the applicability and prognostic importance of oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) among outpatients with systolic heart failure (SHF). METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutive patients with SHF and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 45% referred to a heart failure clinic (n= 413) were included in this study. An OGTT was conducted in patients without a history of diabetes. Information on NYHA class, aetiology of SHF, LVEF, treatment, and biochemical parameters were collected at baseline. The survival status was obtained after a median follow-up time of 591 days. Of the 413 patients, 82 (20%) had known diabetes. Of the remaining 331 patients, 227 (69%) agreed to undergo an OGTT. Among the tested subjects, 136 (60%) were classified as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 51 (23%) impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 40 (18%) newly diagnosed diabetes. Assuming a similar prevalence of unrecognized diabetes among the patients who refused OGTT, the prevalence of diabetes in the total population was 34%. If only fasting blood glucose had been used, 16 of the 40 newly diagnosed diabetic patients would have been undiagnosed. During follow-up, 24 (29%) patients with known diabetes, 6 (15%) of the newly diagnosed diabetic patients, 9 (18%) of those with IGT, and 13 (9%) patients with NGT died. Patients with diabetes had higher mortality rate compared with non-diabetic patients [multivariate hazard ratio 1.89 (1.02-3.59); P = 0.047]. CONCLUSION It is feasible to perform diabetes screening using OGTT in outpatients with SHF. A substantial proportion of patients tested were found to have unrecognized diabetes. The presence of diabetes was associated with a higher mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Egstrup
- Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology, Frederiksberg University Hospital, Nordre Fasanvej 59, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Del Sindaco D, Tinti MD, Monzo L, Pulignano G. Clinical and economic aspects of the use of nebivolol in the treatment of elderly patients with heart failure. Clin Interv Aging 2010; 5:381-93. [PMID: 21152240 PMCID: PMC2998246 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s4482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a common and disabling condition with morbidity and mortality that increase dramatically with advancing age. Large observational studies, retrospective subgroup analyses and meta-analyses of clinical trials in systolic heart failure, and recently published randomized studies have provided data supporting the use of beta-blockers as a baseline therapy in heart failure in the elderly. Despite the available evidence about beta-blockers, this therapy is still less frequently used in elderly compared to younger patients. Nebivolol is a third-generation cardioselective beta-blocker with L-arginine/nitric oxide-induced vasodilatory properties, approved in Europe and several other countries for the treatment of essential hypertension, and in Europe for the treatment of stable, mild, or moderate chronic heart failure, in addition to standard therapies in elderly patients aged 70 years old or older. The effects of nebivolol on left ventricular function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (ENECA) and the study of effects of nebivolol intervention on outcomes and rehospitalization in seniors with heart failure (SENIORS) have been specifically aimed to assess the efficacy of beta-blockade in elderly heart failure patients. The results of these two trials demonstrate that nebivolol is well tolerated and effective in reducing mortality and morbidity in older patients, and that the beneficial clinical effect is present also in patients with mildly reduced ejection fraction. Moreover, nebivolol appears to be significantly cost-effective when prescribed in these patients. However, further targeted studies are needed to better define the efficacy as well as safety profile in frail and older patients with comorbid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Del Sindaco
- Heart Failure Unit, Division of Cardiology, INRCA Institute of Care and Research for Elderly, Rome, Italy.
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Tarantini L, Cioffi G, Gonzini L, Oliva F, Lucci D, Di Tano G, Maggioni AP, Tavazzi L. Evolution of renal function during and after an episode of cardiac decompensation: results from the Italian survey on acute heart failure. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2010; 11:234-43. [DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e3283334e12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Boriani G, Rapezzi C, Diemberger I, Gonzini L, Gorini M, Lucci D, Sinagra G, Cooke RMT, Di Pasquale G, Tavazzi L, Maggioni AP. Trial-generated profiles for implantation of electrical devices in outpatients with heart failure: real-world prevalence and 1-year outcome. J Eval Clin Pract 2010; 16:82-91. [PMID: 19874436 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2008.01118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials have generated strong evidence on the efficacy of electrical device therapy in selected patients with heart failure (HF). The enrolment criteria of these three trials generated patient profiles that helped to shape current guidelines on chronic heart failure (CHF) treatment and sudden cardiac death (SCD) prevention. We investigated the prevalence of trial-generated profiles for implantable defibrillator or cardiac resynchronization therapy candidacy among HF outpatients; we explored differences between real-world and trial populations and we evaluated 1-year survival without device treatment. METHODS We reviewed Italian Network on Congestive Heart Failure (IN-CHF) registry patients (n = 4977) enrolled in a period (1995-2000) roughly concurrent with the MADIT-II and SCD-HeFT trials. RESULTS Regarding device eligibility, 14.5% IN-CHF patients at entry satisfied MADIT-II criteria, 6.8% satisfied CARE-HF criteria and as many as 47.9% fulfilled SCD-HeFT criteria. One-year overall mortality among non-implanted patients was 1.5 to 2-fold higher in each of these subgroups than in control arms of the corresponding trials. Among registry patients, different trial-profile combinations were associated with a wide range of 1-year outcomes (mortality, 8-35%; SCD/total mortality ratio, 0.35-0.57). Despite clear differences between registry and trial patients in pharmacological therapy (and clinical characteristics), none of the main drug classes independently predicted 1-year mortality in any of the IN-CHF subgroups. CONCLUSIONS As many as half the IN-CHF outpatients fulfilled current criteria for device implantation. Various subgroups had higher 1-year mortality than patients in trial control arms - a finding that may not be entirely attributable to differences in drug therapy (especially beta blockers).
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Weatherley BD, Milo-Cotter O, Michael Felker G, Uriel N, Kaluski E, Vered Z, O’Connor CM, Adams KF, Cotter G. Early worsening heart failure in patients admitted with acute heart failure - a new outcome measure associated with long-term prognosis? Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2009; 23:633-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2009.00697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Najafi F, Jamrozik K, Dobson AJ. Understanding the ‘epidemic of heart failure’: a systematic review of trends in determinants of heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2009; 11:472-9. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfp029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farid Najafi
- Kermanshah Health Research Center (KHRC); Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences; Kermanshah Iran
| | - Konrad Jamrozik
- School of Population Health and Clinical Practice; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Annette J. Dobson
- School of Population Health; University of Queensland; Queensland Australia
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Proclemer A, Allocca G, Gregori D, Bonanno C, Ometto R, Fontanelli A, Mantovan R, Crosato M, Calzolari V, Pavoni D, Facchin D, Rebellato L, Fioretti PM. Radiofrequency ablation of drug-refractory atrial fibrillation: an observational study comparing 'ablate and pace' with pulmonary vein isolation. Europace 2008; 10:1085-90. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eun197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gregori D, Rosato R, Zecchin M, Baldi I, Di Lenarda A. Heart failure and sudden death in dilated cardiomyopathy: a hidden competition we should not forget about when modelling mortality. J Eval Clin Pract 2008; 14:53-8. [PMID: 18211644 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2007.00792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This paper discusses the use of bivariate survival curve estimators jointly with a competing risk Cox model to analyse mortality in dilated cardiomyopathy due to heart failure (HF) or sudden death (SD), without assuming independence between outcomes. The goal of the manuscript is to suggest a possible protocol for the analysis of competing risk events, mimicking the common approaches used in the univariate case. METHODS The non-parametric bivariate survival estimators are used to estimate a multivariate proportional hazard model for dealing with SD or HF in a long-term prospective cohort of 235 patients, recruited from 1978 to 1992. Patients have been stratified, among others, by age, severity and treatment. The latter has been considered under two specific protocols of analysis: intention to treat and actual treatment. RESULTS The bivariate survival curves show different survival probabilities for HF and SD. For HF the force of mortality acts early and then slows down as follow-up increases, while for SD the mortality is lower initially and increases later in time. Under competing risk analysis, evidence of treatment effect is shown only in the actual treatment protocol, in contrast with the results provided by standard Cox regression. CONCLUSIONS One of the advantages of non-parametric bivariate survival estimation in the presence of competing risks is that parameters may be interpreted in much the same way as those estimated by the standard Cox regression. Moreover, ignoring the competing risk structure may provide a misleading interpretation of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Gregori
- Department of Public Health and Microbiology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Shahar E, Lee S. Historical trends in survival of hospitalized heart failure patients: 2000 versus 1995. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2007; 7:2. [PMID: 17227584 PMCID: PMC1781956 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-7-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based secular trends in survival of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) are central to public health research on the burden of the syndrome. METHODS Patients 35-79 years old with a CHF discharge code in 1995 or 2000 were identified in 22 Minneapolis-St. Paul hospitals. A sample of the records was abstracted (50% of 1995 records; 38% of 2000 records). A total of 2,257 patients in 1995 and 1,825 patients in 2000 were determined to have had a CHF-related hospitalization. Each patient was followed for one year to ascertain vital status. RESULTS The risk profile of the 2000 patient cohort was somewhat worse than that of the 1995 cohort in both sex groups, but the distributions of age and left ventricular ejection fraction were similar. Within one year of admission in 2000, 28% of male patients and 27% of female patients have died, compared to 36% and 27% of their counterparts in 1995, respectively. In various Cox regression models the average year effect (2000 vs. 1995) was around 0.75 for men and 0.95 to 1.00 for women. The use of angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers was associated with substantially lower hazard of death during the subsequent year. CONCLUSION Survival of men who were hospitalized for CHF has improved during the second half of the 1990s. The trend in women was very weak, compatible with little to no change. Documented benefits of angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers were evident in these observational data in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Shahar
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Seungmin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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Temporal reasoning with medical data--a review with emphasis on medical natural language processing. J Biomed Inform 2007; 40:183-202. [PMID: 17317332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2006.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Revised: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 12/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Temporal information is crucial in electronic medical records and biomedical information systems. Processing temporal information in medical narrative data is a very challenging area. It lies at the intersection of temporal representation and reasoning (TRR) in artificial intelligence and medical natural language processing (MLP). Some fundamental concepts and important issues in relation to TRR have previously been discussed, mainly in the context of processing structured data in biomedical informatics; however, it is important that these concepts be re-examined in the context of processing narrative data using MLP. Theoretical and methodological TRR studies in biomedical informatics can be classified into three main categories: category 1 applies theories and models from temporal reasoning in AI; category 2 defines frameworks that meet needs from clinical applications; category 3 resolves issues such as temporal granularity and uncertainty. Currently, most MLP systems are not designed with a formal representation of time, and their ability to reason about temporal relations among medical events is limited. Previous work in processing time with clinical narrative data includes processing time in clinical reports, modeling textual temporal expressions in clinical databases, processing time in clinical guidelines, and building time standards for data exchange and integration. In addition to common problems in MLP, there are challenges specific to TRR in medical text, which occur at each level of linguistic structure and analysis. Despite advances in temporal reasoning in biomedical informatics, processing time in medical text deserves more attention. Besides the need for more research in temporal granularity, fuzzy time, temporal contradiction, intermittent events and uncertainty, broad areas for future research include enhancing functions of current MLP systems on processing temporal information, incorporating medical knowledge into temporal reasoning systems, resolving coreference, integrating narrative data with structured data and evaluating these systems.
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Pulignano G, Del Sindaco D, Di Lenarda A, Sinagra G. The evolving care of the elderly with heart failure: from the ‘high-tech’ to the ‘high-touch’ approach. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2006; 7:841-6. [PMID: 17122668 DOI: 10.2459/01.jcm.0000253827.79816.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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