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Tian Z, Chen S, Shi Y, Wang P, Wu Y, Li G. Dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs): An insight between modern diet and health. Food Chem 2023; 415:135735. [PMID: 36863235 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed by a series of chemical reactions of amino acids, peptides, proteins, and ketones at normal temperature or heated non-enzymatic conditions. A large amount of AGEs derived from Maillard Reaction (MR) during the process of food heat-processing. After oral intake, dietary AGEs are converted into biological AGEs through digestion and absorption, and accumulated in almost all organs. The safety and health risk of dietary AGEs have attracted wide attention. Increasing evidence have shown that uptake of dietary AGEs is closely related to the occurrence of many chronic diseases, such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease. This review summarized the most updated information of production, bio-transport in vivo, detection technologies, and physiological toxicity of dietary AGEs, and also discussed approaches to inhibit dietary AGEs generation. Impressively, the future opportunities and challenges on the detection, toxicity, and inhibition of dietary AGEs are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Tian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yiheng Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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Lauriola M, Farré R, Evenepoel P, Overbeek SA, Meijers B. Food-Derived Uremic Toxins in Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15020116. [PMID: 36828430 PMCID: PMC9960799 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher cardiovascular risk compared to the average population, and this is partially due to the plasma accumulation of solutes known as uremic toxins. The binding of some solutes to plasma proteins complicates their removal via conventional therapies, e.g., hemodialysis. Protein-bound uremic toxins originate either from endogenous production, diet, microbial metabolism, or the environment. Although the impact of diet on uremic toxicity in CKD is difficult to quantify, nutrient intake plays an important role. Indeed, most uremic toxins are gut-derived compounds. They include Maillard reaction products, hippurates, indoles, phenols, and polyamines, among others. In this review, we summarize the findings concerning foods and dietary components as sources of uremic toxins or their precursors. We then discuss their endogenous metabolism via human enzyme reactions or gut microbial fermentation. Lastly, we present potential dietary strategies found to be efficacious or promising in lowering uremic toxins plasma levels. Aligned with current nutritional guidelines for CKD, a low-protein diet with increased fiber consumption and limited processed foods seems to be an effective treatment against uremic toxins accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Lauriola
- Laboratory of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ricard Farré
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Evenepoel
- Laboratory of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Björn Meijers
- Laboratory of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-344-580
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Phuong-Nguyen K, McNeill BA, Aston-Mourney K, Rivera LR. Advanced Glycation End-Products and Their Effects on Gut Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020405. [PMID: 36678276 PMCID: PMC9867518 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of compounds formed when reducing sugars are heated with proteins, amino acids, or lipids at high temperatures for a prolonged period. The presence and accumulation of AGEs in numerous cell types and tissues are known to be prevalent in the pathology of many diseases. Modern diets, which contain a high proportion of processed foods and therefore a high level of AGE, cause deleterious effects leading to a multitude of unregulated intracellular and extracellular signalling and inflammatory pathways. Currently, many studies focus on investigating the chemical and structural aspects of AGEs and how they affect the metabolism and the cardiovascular and renal systems. Studies have also shown that AGEs affect the digestive system. However, there is no complete picture of the implication of AGEs in this area. The gastrointestinal tract is not only the first and principal site for the digestion and absorption of dietary AGEs but also one of the most susceptible organs to AGEs, which may exert many local and systemic effects. In this review, we summarise the current evidence of the association between a high-AGE diet and poor health outcomes, with a special focus on the relationship between dietary AGEs and alterations in the gastrointestinal structure, modifications in enteric neurons, and microbiota reshaping.
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Effect of Advanced Glycation End-Products and Excessive Calorie Intake on Diet-Induced Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation Biomarkers in Murine Models. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093091. [PMID: 34578967 PMCID: PMC8468789 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation (CLGI) is a non-overt inflammatory state characterized by a continuous activation of inflammation mediators associated with metabolic diseases. It has been linked to the overconsumption of Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs), and/or macronutrients which lead to an increase in local and systemic pro-inflammatory biomarkers in humans and animal models. This review provides a summary of research into biomarkers of diet-induced CLGI in murine models, with a focus on AGEs and obesogenic diets, and presents the physiological effects described in the literature. Diet-induced CLGI is associated with metabolic endotoxemia, and/or gut microbiota remodeling in rodents. The mechanisms identified so far are centered on pro-inflammatory axes such as the interaction between AGEs and their main receptor AGEs (RAGE) or increased levels of lipopolysaccharide. The use of murine models has helped to elucidate the local and systemic expression of CLGI mediators. These models have enabled significant advances in identification of diet-induced CLGI biomarkers and resultant physiological effects. Some limitations on the translational (murine → humans) use of biomarkers may arise, but murine models have greatly facilitated the testing of specific dietary components. However, there remains a lack of information at the whole-organism level of organization, as well as a lack of consensus on the best biomarker for use in CLGI studies and recommendations as to future research conclude this review.
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Azizian-Farsani F, Osuchowski M, Abedpoor N, Forootan FS, Derakhshan M, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Sheikhha MH, Ghaedi K. Anti-inflammatory and -apoptotic effects of a long-term herbal extract treatment on DSS-induced colitis in mice fed with high AGEs-fat diet. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:77. [PMID: 34380504 PMCID: PMC8359107 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with many comorbidities including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We investigated prophylactic effects of an herbal extract (HE) on the DSS-induced colitis mice challenged with high AGEs-fat diet 60% (HFD). Methods Six-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed with either HFD (8 groups, 6 mice in each group), or normal diet (ND) (8 groups, 6 mice in each group). After 6 weeks, animals received HE (combination of turmeric, ginger, boswellia and cat’s claw extract) for 7 weeks in three doses (high dose (0.6 mg/g); low dose (0.15 mg/g) and mid dose (0.3 mg/g)). Next, mice were subjected to 2.5% DSS in drinking water. Control mice received ND and instead of HE and DSS they received distilled water. Obesity index markers were determined, H&E staining and TUNEL assay evaluated apoptosis. Colonic expressions of IL-6, RAGE, AGER1, Sirt1, Bax, Bcl2, ZO-1 and P53 were determined.
Results HE ameliorated colitis in HFD mice by reducing colonic myeloperoxidase activity (by 2.3-fold), macrophage accumulation (by 2.6-fold) and mRNA expression of IL-6 (by 2.3-fold) in HFD mice. Moreover, HE restored ZO-1 (by 2.7-fold), prevented apoptosis and maintained immune homeostasis. HE reduced activation of NF-κB protein (by 1.3-fold) through decreasing RAGE (by 1.93-fold) and up-regulation of Sirt1 (by 7.71-fold) and prevented down-regulation of DDOST (by 6.6-fold) in HFD mice. Conclusions HE ameliorated colitis in prophylactic in HFD mice and it was, at least partly, due to the restoration of the gut integrity, suppression of inflammation and apoptosis via modulation of colonic Sirt1, RAGE and DDOST signaling. Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12986-021-00603-x.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcin Osuchowski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Clinical and Experimental Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Navid Abedpoor
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Royan, Salman Streets, 816513-1378, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzad Seyed Forootan
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Royan, Salman Streets, 816513-1378, Isfahan, Iran.,Legal Medicine research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Derakhshan
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Royan, Salman Streets, 816513-1378, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. .,Biotechnology Research Center, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jerib Ave., Azadi Sq., 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran.
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van der Lugt T, Opperhuizen A, Bast A, Vrolijk MF. Dietary Advanced Glycation Endproducts and the Gastrointestinal Tract. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092814. [PMID: 32937858 PMCID: PMC7551018 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is increasing in the world. The introduction of the Western diet has been suggested as a potential explanation of increased prevalence. The Western diet includes highly processed food products, and often include thermal treatment. During thermal treatment, the Maillard reaction can occur, leading to the formation of dietary advanced glycation endproducts (dAGEs). In this review, different biological effects of dAGEs are discussed, including their digestion, absorption, formation, and degradation in the gastrointestinal tract, with an emphasis on their pro-inflammatory effects. In addition, potential mechanisms in the inflammatory effects of dAGEs are discussed. This review also specifically elaborates on the involvement of the effects of dAGEs in IBD and focuses on evidence regarding the involvement of dAGEs in the symptoms of IBD. Finally, knowledge gaps that still need to be filled are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timme van der Lugt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Office for Risk Assessment and Research, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), 3540 AA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Antoon Opperhuizen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Office for Risk Assessment and Research, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), 3540 AA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aalt Bast
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Campus Venlo, Maastricht University, 5911 BV Venlo, The Netherlands; (A.B.); (M.F.V.)
| | - Misha F. Vrolijk
- Campus Venlo, Maastricht University, 5911 BV Venlo, The Netherlands; (A.B.); (M.F.V.)
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Xie Y, Li W, Zhu L, Zhai S, Qin S, Du Z. Effects of phycocyanin in modulating the intestinal microbiota of mice. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e00825. [PMID: 30912299 PMCID: PMC6741138 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The health‐promoting effects of phycocyanin (PC) have become widely accepted over the last two decades. In this study, we investigated the effects of different doses of PC in modulating the intestinal microbiota and the intestinal barrier in mice. Six‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice were treated with PC for 28 days. Fecal samples were collected before and after PC intervention, and the microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing. Bacterial abundance and diversity increased after PC intervention. Saccharolytic bacteria of the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, which can produce butyric acid, increased after PC treatment. The family Rikenellaceae, which contains hydrogen‐producing bacteria, also increased after PC intervention. The PC treatment reduced intestinal permeability and increased the intestinal barrier function, as demonstrated by hematoxylin–eosin staining and reduced serum lipopolysaccharide levels. The modulating effects on the intestinal microbiota were more favorable in the low‐dose PC group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xie
- Yantai University, Yantai, China.,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Limeng Zhu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Shixiang Zhai
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
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Qu W, Nie C, Zhao J, Ou X, Zhang Y, Yang S, Bai X, Wang Y, Wang J, Li J. Microbiome-Metabolomics Analysis of the Impacts of Long-Term Dietary Advanced-Glycation-End-Product Consumption on C57BL/6 Mouse Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8864-8875. [PMID: 30037223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermally processed diets are widely consumed, although advanced-glycation end products (AGEs) are unavoidably formed. AGEs, clusters of protein-cross-linking products, become less digestible because they impair intestinal peptidase proteolysis. We characterized the impacts of dietary AGEs on gut microbiota through a microbiome-to-metabolome association study. C57BL/6 mice were fed a heat-treated diet (high-AGE diet, H-AGE) or a standard AIN-93G diet (low-AGE diet, L-AGE) for 8 months. Fecal-microbiota composition was examined by 16S rDNA sequencing, and fecal-metabolome profile was evaluated by gas chromatography-tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). Reduced α-diversity and altered microbiota composition with elevated Helicobacter levels were found in the H-AGE group, and among the 57 perturbed metabolites, protein-fermentation products (i.e., p-cresol and putrescine) were increased. Major dysfunctional metabolic pathways were associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in two groups. Moreover, high correlations were found between fluctuant gut microbiota and metabolites. These findings might reveal the underlying mechanisms of the detrimental impacts of dietary AGEs on host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Qu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Chenxi Nie
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Xiyang Ou
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Yingxiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Shanchun Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Xue Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710016, PR China
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710016 , PR China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710016 , PR China
| | - Juxiu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi Province 712100 , PR China
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Yuan X, Zhao J, Qu W, Zhang Y, Jia B, Fan Z, He Q, Li J. Accumulation and effects of dietary advanced glycation end products on the gastrointestinal tract in rats. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Wanting Qu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Yingxiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Benpan Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Zhiyi Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Qihan He
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Juxiu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
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Qu W, Yuan X, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Hu J, Wang J, Li J. Dietary advanced glycation end products modify gut microbial composition and partially increase colon permeability in rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Qu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling P. R. China
| | - Xiaojin Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling P. R. China
| | - Yingxiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling P. R. China
| | - Jing Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology; Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Juxiu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling P. R. China
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Kellow NJ, Coughlan MT. Effect of diet-derived advanced glycation end products on inflammation. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:737-59. [PMID: 26377870 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formed via the Maillard reaction during the thermal processing of food contributes to the flavor, color, and aroma of food. A proportion of food-derived AGEs and their precursors is intestinally absorbed and accumulates within cells and tissues. AGEs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes-related complications and several chronic diseases via interaction with the receptor for AGEs, which promotes the transcription of genes that control inflammation. The dicarbonyls, highly reactive intermediates of AGE formation, are also generated during food processing and may incite inflammatory responses through 1) the suppression of protective pathways, 2) the incretin axis, 3) the modulation of immune-mediated signaling, and 4) changes in gut microbiota profile and metabolite sensors. In animal models, restriction of dietary AGEs attenuates chronic low-grade inflammation, but current evidence from human studies is less clear. Here, the emerging relationship between excess dietary AGE consumption and inflammation is explored, the utility of dietary AGE restriction as a therapeutic strategy for the attenuation of chronic diseases is discussed, and possible avenues for future investigation are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Kellow
- N.J. Kellow and M.T. Coughlan are with the Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and the Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. M.T. Coughlan is with the Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melinda T Coughlan
- N.J. Kellow and M.T. Coughlan are with the Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and the Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. M.T. Coughlan is with the Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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12
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Chen Z, Zhong C. Decoding Alzheimer's disease from perturbed cerebral glucose metabolism: implications for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 108:21-43. [PMID: 23850509 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related devastating neurodegenerative disorder, which severely impacts on the global economic development and healthcare system. Though AD has been studied for more than 100 years since 1906, the exact cause(s) and pathogenic mechanism(s) remain to be clarified. Also, the efficient disease-modifying treatment and ideal diagnostic method for AD are unavailable. Perturbed cerebral glucose metabolism, an invariant pathophysiological feature of AD, may be a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of this disease. In this review, we firstly discussed the features of cerebral glucose metabolism in physiological and pathological conditions. Then, we further reviewed the contribution of glucose transportation abnormality and intracellular glucose catabolism dysfunction in AD pathophysiology, and proposed a hypothesis that multiple pathogenic cascades induced by impaired cerebral glucose metabolism could result in neuronal degeneration and consequently cognitive deficits in AD patients. Among these pathogenic processes, altered functional status of thiamine metabolism and brain insulin resistance are highly emphasized and characterized as major pathogenic mechanisms. Finally, considering the fact that AD patients exhibit cerebral glucose hypometabolism possibly due to impairments of insulin signaling and altered thiamine metabolism, we also discuss some potential possibilities to uncover diagnostic biomarkers for AD from abnormal glucose metabolism and to develop drugs targeting at repairing insulin signaling impairment and correcting thiamine metabolism abnormality. We conclude that glucose metabolism abnormality plays a critical role in AD pathophysiological alterations through the induction of multiple pathogenic factors such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and so forth. To clarify the causes, pathogeneses and consequences of cerebral hypometabolism in AD will help break the bottleneck of current AD study in finding ideal diagnostic biomarker and disease-modifying therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Glyoxal formation and its role in endogenous oxalate synthesis. Adv Urol 2012; 2012:819202. [PMID: 22567004 PMCID: PMC3332067 DOI: 10.1155/2012/819202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium oxalate kidney stones are a common condition affecting many people in the United States. The concentration of oxalate in urine is a major risk factor for stone formation. There is evidence that glyoxal metabolism may be an important contributor to urinary oxalate excretion. Endogenous sources of glyoxal include the catabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Here, we review all the known sources of glyoxal as well as its relationship to oxalate synthesis and crystal formation.
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14
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Maher P. Methylglyoxal, advanced glycation end products and autism: Is there a connection? Med Hypotheses 2012; 78:548-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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15
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Femia AP, Dolara P, Luceri C, Salvadori M, Caderni G. Mucin-depleted foci show strong activation of inflammatory markers in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis and are promoted by the inflammatory agent sodium dextran sulfate. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:541-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Food derived carbonyl compounds affect basal and stimulated secretion of interleukin-6 and -8 in Caco-2 cells. Eur J Nutr 2009; 48:499-503. [PMID: 19544037 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-009-0035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carbonyl compounds methylglyoxal (MG) and glyoxal (G) are reactive intermediates generated in a variety of foods and beverages during processing and prolonged storage. AIM AND METHODS We investigated direct effects of these compounds on intestinal cells determining the basal and stimulated secretion of IL-8 and IL-6 in vitro. RESULTS MG or G induced a concentration dependent enhancement of IL-8 and IL-6 secretion compared to baseline levels. A co-incubation with pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and increasing MG concentrations further enhanced IL-8 and IL-6 secretion. For G, however, this additive effect was only observed in TNF-alpha and IL-1beta treated cells, but not after co-incubation with LPS. CONCLUSION These results suggest a pro-inflammatory effect of G and MG at high concentrations in human intestinal cells by stimulating IL-8 and IL-6 cytokine levels. Effects of G and MG in combination with other cytokines may negatively affect inflammatory processes.
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Buetler T, Henle T. The effects of AGEing on diet. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2008; 174:351; author reply 352-3. [PMID: 19095955 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Roncucci L, Mora E, Mariani F, Bursi S, Pezzi A, Rossi G, Pedroni M, Luppi D, Santoro L, Monni S, Manenti A, Bertani A, Merighi A, Benatti P, Di Gregorio C, de Leon PM. Myeloperoxidase-positive cell infiltration in colorectal carcinogenesis as indicator of colorectal cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 17:2291-7. [PMID: 18768495 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal mucosa is targeted by toxic agents, which can initiate or promote colon cancer. The mechanism of damage might be a focal irritation with loss of normal epithelial cell barrier function. Genetic alterations in tumors may also affect host inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to define the extent of inflammation in colorectal mucosa, along colorectal carcinogenesis, and in microsatellite stable and unstable colorectal carcinomas. We collected 103 samples of normal colorectal mucosa from 65 patients (35 with colorectal cancer or adenoma, 8 with inflammatory bowel diseases, and 22 controls with normal colonoscopy). We also examined 24 aberrant crypt foci, 14 hyperplastic polyps, 16 adenomas, and 67 samples of colorectal carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was used to count myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive cells (neutrophils and monocytes) in x100 optical fields under a light microscope. Patients with colorectal tumors had a higher mean number of MPO-positive cells in normal mucosa than controls (mean +/- SD, 2.7 +/- 2.0 versus 1.4 +/- 1.4; P = 0.017). MPO-positive cell number was tightly linked to dysplasia in aberrant crypt foci and adenomas, and it was higher in carcinomas microsatellite unstable than those microsatellite stable (21.6 +/- 15.5 versus 11.9 +/- 8.0; P < 0.01). MPO immunohistochemistry is a simple and reliable technique for the quantification of inflammation in colorectal mucosa., and it may be a potential marker of colorectal cancer risk. Microsatellite instability seems to influence host immune responses to colorectal carcinoma. These observations strongly support a key role of inflammation in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Roncucci
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico, Modena, Italy.
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