1
|
Zhao S, Xiao S, Wang W, Dong X, Liu X, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Wu W. Network pharmacology and transcriptomics reveal the mechanisms of FFBZL in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1405596. [PMID: 39323640 PMCID: PMC11422709 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1405596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background FFBZL is composed of three herbs: Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SBD), Astragali Radix (AR), and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort (CX). FFBZL has been reported to be effective in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the molecular mechanism involved remains unclear. Based on network pharmacology combined with bioinformatics and molecular docking, the effect and molecular mechanism of action of FFBZL in treating OSCC were explored. Materials and methods This study employed an integrated approach using various databases and literature sources to identify the effective components of FFBZL, with a specific emphasis on screening active ingredients that align with traditional Chinese medicine principles. The TCMSP, ETCM, and SymMap databases were utilized to collect information on the active constituents and targets of FFBZL, while the PharmMapper database was used to predict targets. Key components were selected based on the degree value of the 'active component-target' network. Transcriptome data for OSCC samples were obtained from the TCGA and GEO databases. Differential gene expression analysis was conducted to identify targets associated with OSCC, and these targets were subsequently aligned with targets of the effective components of FFBZL to identify common targets. Subsequently, the STRING database was utilized to construct a protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network of these common targets, which was subsequently visualized using Cytoscape. Next, 71 targets were rescreened using the PPI network, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed; the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was the top-ranking pathway related to cell apoptosis. Next, the expression of 19 genes enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was analyzed using OSCC transcriptome data from the TCGA and GEO databases. The targets were subsequently mapped to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway using the KEGG database, and the GSEA algorithm was used to assess the overall expression trend of the genes in this pathway. The 71 common targets were subsequently imported into the STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape. The DEGREE and MCC algorithms were used to select the corresponding targets within the PPI network. The intersection of these targets and the 19 targets mapped to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway led to the identification of 6 key targets associated with cell apoptosis: GSK3B, PIK3CA, FN1, MET, SPP1, and MAPK3. Subsequently, the UALCAN database was utilized to analyze the expression levels and survival associations of the key genes related to cell apoptosis, and the transcriptome data from the GEO database were used to assess the correlations among the 6 key genes. Finally, molecular docking studies were conducted to explore the relationships between these targets and the active components with predicted associations. Results This study identified six key components of FFBZL (quercetin, wogonin, carthamidin, scutellarein, senkyunolide K and astragalosidei: astragaloside I) as well as 820 potential target genes of these components. Intersection of these targets with those related to OSCC yielded 151 common targets. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that most of the top-ranked functions and pathways were associated with apoptosis, with the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway playing a critical role. Transcriptome analysis of data from the TCGA and GEO databases indicated that the genes enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were strongly upregulated, and the GSEA algorithm indicated an overall upregulation trend for the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. By intersecting the targets with the 19 genes mapped to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway using the DEGREE and MCC algorithms, six key targets related to cell apoptosis were identified. The mRNA and protein expression levels of most these targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were higher than those in normal tissues. Survival analysis revealed that low expression of SPP1 and FN1 was associated with increased patient survival time. Additionally, the molecular docking results indicated strong binding potential between the six identified key components and the six key targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yourong Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tan YZ, Yan HL, Liu YY, Yan YM, Wang L, Qiao JX, Wu J, Tian Y, Peng C. Structurally diverse phthalides from fibrous roots of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. and their biological activities. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105882. [PMID: 38452906 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Falonolide A (1) and B (2), two novel polyyne hybrid phthalides resulting from unprecedented carbon skeleton polymerized by Z-ligustilide and falcarindiol, along with six new related phthalides (3-8), were isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, computer-assisted structure elucidation (CASE) analysis, DP4+ probability analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for 1-8 was proposed, and the production mechanism of 2 was revealed by density functional theory (DFT) method. Compounds 4 and 6 exhibited significant vasodilatory activity with EC50 of 8.00 ± 0.86 and 6.92 ± 1.02 μM, respectively. Compound 4 also displayed significant inhibitory effect of NO production with EC50 value of 8.82 ± 0.30 μM. Based on the established compounds library, structure-activity relationship analysis of phthalides was explored to provide insights into the drug development of vasodilators and anti-flammatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhu Tan
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Hong-Ling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Yun-Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China; Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Yong-Ming Yan
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, PR China
| | - Ji-Xu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Yin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang M, Hayashi H, Horinokita I, Asada M, Iwatani Y, Ren JG, Liu JX, Takagi N. Role of senkyunolide I in the promotion of neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation via the Akt/β-catenin pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115683. [PMID: 37832402 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Following brain injury, neural stem cells (NSCs) can generate mature neurons and replace damaged cells. However, the capacity of endogenous NSCs to self-repair from injured brain is limited as most NSCs die before becoming mature neurons. Therefore, a boosting endogenous NSCs by pharmacological support offers the potential to repair the damaged brain. Recently, small molecules have hold considerable promise for neuron regeneration and repair as they can penetrate the blood-brain barrier easily. Senkyunolide I (SEI) is a bioactive constituent derived from traditional Chinese medicines Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, and was found to able to prevent ischemic stroke. This study examined the effects of SEI on the proliferation and neuronal lineage differentiation of prepared neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs). The NS/PC proliferation was determined by 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, monosodium salt, and neurosphere formation assays. The NS/PC differentiation was also investigated by immunocytochemistry, and western blotting was employed to measure phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) and GSK-3β (pGSK-3β), and active-β-catenin protein levels. We showed that the NS/PC proliferation was enhanced after SEI exposure. Elevated cell numbers were also observed in neurospheres, which were incubated with SEI for 3 days, whereas the NS/PC differentiation was decreased after SEI exposure for 5 days. Furthermore, SEI upregulated pAkt/Akt and active-β-catenin levels and increased NS/PC proliferation after SEI treatment was reversed by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002. downregulated differentiated processes. Thus, SEI promoted the NS/PC proliferation and suppressed NS/PC differentiation into neurons and/or astrocytes, therefore SEI could be an interesting and promising candidate for stimulating NSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hideki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Ichiro Horinokita
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mayumi Asada
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yui Iwatani
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Jun-Guo Ren
- Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jian-Xun Liu
- Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Norio Takagi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Velusamy P, Muthusami S, Arumugam R. In vitro evaluation of p-coumaric acid and naringin combination in human epidermoid carcinoma cell line (A431). Med Oncol 2023; 41:4. [PMID: 38019336 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is considered most detrimental due to high mortality worldwide. Among them, skin cancers play a major part by affecting one in three cancer patients globally. About 2-3 million cancer cases were reported to be non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers, respectively. Although chemotherapeutic drugs act on cancer cells but results in long-lasting morbidities which affects one's quality of life and also works only in the initial stage of the cancer. Hence, an idea of traditional medicine to cure the disease efficiently with less side effects was pursued by the researchers. We have assessed the combination effect of p-coumaric acid and naringin in exerting anticancer activity using A431 (epidermoid carcinoma) cells. The MTT analysis of the combination on A431 cells showed the least IC50 concentration of 41 µg/ml which is effective than the standard drug imiquimod with IC50 concentration of 52 µg/ml. Further, flow cytometric analysis was carried out to identify the molecular mechanism behind the anticancer effects of the combination. The results revealed that the combination arrested the A431 cell cycle at S phase, induced apoptosis as indicated by more early and late apoptotic cells when compared with the control, and further altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential in A431 cells. Hence, the results suggest the potential anticancer effects of p-coumaric acid and naringin combination against the skin cancer (A431) cell line. The observed effects may be additive or synergistic effects in inducing ROS generation and apoptosis, and reducing the viability of A431 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Velusamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Deemed to be University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 32, India
| | - Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Deemed to be University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 32, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Arumugam
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Deemed to be University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 32, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Ma Z, Ding M, Jia K, Xu B, Zhou F, Luo R, Xue X, Wu R, Gao F, Li X. Chuanxiong Rhizoma extracts prevent cholestatic liver injury by targeting H3K9ac-mediated and cholangiocyte-derived secretory protein PAI-1 and FN. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:694-709. [PMID: 37777319 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60416-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CX, the dried rhizome of Ligusticum wallichii Franch.), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, is clinically used for treating cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and hepatobiliary diseases. Cholestatic liver damage is one of the chronic liver diseases with limited effective therapeutic strategies. Currently, little is known about the mechanism links between CX-induced anti-cholestatic action and intercellular communication between cholangiocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of different CX extracts including the aqueous, alkaloid, phenolic acid and phthalide extracts of CX (CXAE, CXAL, CXPA and CXPHL) and investigate the intercellular communication-related mechanisms by which the most effective extracts work on cholestatic liver injury. The active compounds of different CX extracts were identified by UPLC-MS/MS. A cholestatic liver injury mouse model induced by bile duct ligation (BDL), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-treated human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cholangiocytes (HIBECs) and HSC cell line (LX-2 cells) were used for in vivo and in vitro studies. Histological and other biological techniques were also applied. The results indicated that CXAE, CXAL and CXPHL significantly reduced ductular reaction (DR) and improved liver fibrosis in the BDL mice. Meanwhile, both CXAE and CXPHL suppressed DR in injured HIBECs and reduced collagen contraction force and the expression of fibrosis biomarkers in LX-2 cells treated with TGF-β. CXPHL suppressed the transcription and transfer of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibronectin (FN) from the 'DR-like' cholangiocytes to activated HSCs. Mechanistically, the inhibition of PAI-1 and FN by CXPHL was attributed to the untight combination of the acetyltransferase KAT2A and SMAD3, followdd by the suppression of histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac)-mediated transcription in cholangiocytes. In conclusion, CXPHL exerts stronger anti-cholestatic activity in vivo and in vitro than other CX extracts, and its protective effect on the intracellular communication between cholangiocytes and HSCs is achieved by reducing KAT2A/H3K9ac-mediated transcription and release of PAI-1 and FN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhi Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingning Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kexin Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ranyi Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruiyu Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu JJ, Sun YM, Xu Y, Mei HW, Guo W, Li ZL. Pathophysiological consequences and treatment strategy of obstructive jaundice. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:1262-1276. [PMID: 37555128 PMCID: PMC10405123 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i7.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive jaundice (OJ) is a common problem in daily clinical practice. However, completely understanding the pathophysiological changes in OJ remains a challenge for planning current and future management. The effects of OJ are widespread, affecting the biliary tree, hepatic cells, liver function, and causing systemic complications. The lack of bile in the intestine, destruction of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and increased absorption of endotoxins can lead to endotoxemia, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome, ultimately leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Proper management of OJ includes adequate water supply and electrolyte replacement, nutritional support, preventive antibiotics, pain relief, and itching relief. The surgical treatment of OJ depends on the cause, location, and severity of the obstruction. Biliary drainage, surgery, and endoscopic intervention are potential treatment options depending on the patient's condition. In addition to modern medical treatments, Traditional Chinese medicine may offer therapeutic benefits for OJ. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed for relevant articles published up to August 1970. This review discusses in detail the pathophysiological changes associated with OJ and presents effective strategies for managing the condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jian Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300102, China
| | - Yi-Meng Sun
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Han-Wei Mei
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wu Guo
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhong-Lian Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300102, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao K, Zhu H, He X, Du P, Liang T, Sun Y, Jing Z, Zhou J. Senkyunolide I ameliorates thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection in mice via inhibiting the oxidative stress and apoptosis of endothelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166819. [PMID: 37499930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection (TAAD) is one of the most fatal cardiovascular diseases. Senkyunolide I (SEI) is a component of traditional Chinese medicine with remarkable anti-inflammatory properties and exhibits remarkable protective effects, but its impact on TAAD remains unclear. Our study aimed to explore the role of SEI in a murine model of TAAD and further explore the immunopharmacological mechanism. METHODS AND MATERIALS The in vivo model were assessed using echocardiography, gross anatomy, and tissue staining. Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to evaluate the effects of SEI in vivo and in vitro. A SEI solution injection containing 1 % dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was administered intraperitoneally to the TAAD model group, while a normal saline injection comprising 1 % DMSO was administered to the sham group. RESULTS SEI prevented TAAD formation induced by BAPN/Ang II and reduced the TAAD incidence in mice. SEI treatment significantly inhibited the degradation of collagen and elastin fibers in the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, it reduced the expression of inflammatory factors in the aortic intima. Western blot analysis revealed that SEI-treated mice showed a significant decrease in apoptosis-related protein levels in the aorta compared with the TAAD group. PI3K, Akt, and mTOR in the SEI treatment group were significantly lower than in the model group. SEI could also attenuate H2O2-induced Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) damage and reverse the decline in migrant cells. The apoptosis of HUVECs was considerably reduced by the SEI treatment. CONCLUSIONS Conclusively, SEI may alleviate the progression of TAAD by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. The SEI's ability to inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress opens the way to restore the function of endothelial cells and vascular homeostasis, and thus to provide novel and promising options for the treatment of TAAD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongqiao Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Taiping Liang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudong Sun
- Depaertment of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zaiping Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang Y, Wu Y, Yin H, Du L, Chen C. Senkyunolide I: A Review of Its Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Drug-Likeness. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083636. [PMID: 37110869 PMCID: PMC10144034 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Senkyunolide I (SI) is a natural phthalide that has drawn increasing interest for its potential as a cardio-cerebral vascular drug candidate. In this paper, the botanical sources, phytochemical characteristics, chemical and biological transformations, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties, and drug-likeness of SI are reviewed through a comprehensive literature survey, in order to provide support for its further research and applications. In general, SI is mainly distributed in Umbelliferae plants, and it is relatively stable to heat, acid, and oxygen, with good blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Substantial studies have established reliable methods for the isolation, purification, and content determination of SI. Its pharmacological effects include analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, anti-tumor effects, alleviating ischemia-reperfusion injury, etc. Pharmacokinetic parameters indicate that its metabolic pathway is mainly phase Ⅱ metabolism, and it is rapidly absorbed in vivo and widely distributed in the kidneys, liver, and lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongxiang Yin
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Leilei Du
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chu Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alafnan A, Alamri A, Hussain T, Rizvi SMD. Cucurbitacin-B Exerts Anticancer Effects through Instigation of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest within Human Prostate Cancer PC3 Cells via Downregulating JAK/STAT Signaling Cascade. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101229. [PMID: 36297341 PMCID: PMC9609558 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacin-B (Cur-B) is an analogue triterpenoid belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. Previous reports have explicitly outlined various biological activities of Cucurbitaceae family members, including the anticancer activity of Cur-B. In the present study, we tried to elucidate the anticancer efficacy of Cur-B against prostate cancer PC3 cells. PC3 cells were exposed to purified Cur-B at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 µM for 24. Cur-B exposure reduced cell viability of PC3 cells at 5 µM (p < 0.05), with further reduction with increased Cur-B concentration (15 µM, p < 0.01 and 25 µM, p < 0.001). Cur-B also succeeded in instigating nuclear fragmentation and condensation, followed by activation of caspase-8, -9 and -3 proportionally with increasing concentrations of Cur-B. Treatment with Cur-B also instigated ROS-mediated oxidative stress both qualitatively and quantitatively at 5 µM, p < 0.05; 15 µM, p < 0.01 and 25 µM, p < 0.001. Increased ROS after Cur-B treatment also led to dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby resulting in considerable apoptosis (p < 0.001), which, again, was proportionally dependent on Cur-B concentration. Cur-B exposure to PC3 cells was concomitantly followed by reduced cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) expression and augmented mRNA expression of CDK inhibitor p21Cip1. Intriguingly, Cur-B exposure also led to considerable downregulation of the JAK/STAT signaling cascade, which may be the reason behind Cur-B-mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest within PC3 cells. Therefore, these observations explicitly establish that Cur-B could serve in the prevention of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alafnan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdulwahab Alamri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talib Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Senkyunolide H Affects Cerebral Ischemic Injury through Regulation on Autophagy of Neuronal Cells via P13K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:9211621. [PMID: 36225195 PMCID: PMC9550497 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9211621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia (CI) is associated with high global incidence and risk; therefore, its rapid and reliable therapeutic management is essential for protecting patients' lives and improving health. Senkyunolide H (SH) is remarkably effective against phlebosclerosis, oxidation, and apoptosis. Blood-brain barrier is the main obstacle impeding the delivery of drugs and xenobiotics to brain areas. Drugs' loading in nanoparticles can overcome the blood-brain barrier obstacle and thus directly and completely act on brain tissue, and such a loading can also change the half-life of drugs in vivo and lower the dosage requirement of drugs. In this study, we loaded the SH in lipid nanoparticles to improve its delivery to the brain for the therapy of CI. Thus, this study preliminarily analyzed the mechanism of SH-loaded nanoparticles in CI. The SH-loaded lipid nanoparticles were prepared and characterized with electron microscopy and PS potentiometery. The SH-loaded nanoparticles were intraperitoneally administered to CI-induced rats and brain tissue water content, and neuronal apoptosis and autophagy-associated proteins were determined. Our assays revealed SH-loaded nanoparticle's ability to reduce nerve injury and brain tissue water content in rats with CI and inhibit the apoptosis and autophagy of their neuronal cells (NCs). Additionally, under intervention with SH-loaded nanoparticles, P13K/AKT/mTOR pathway-associated proteins in brain tissue of rats decreased. As the assay results showed, SH-loaded nanoparticles can suppress the autophagy of NCs through medicating P13K/AKT/mTOR pathway and lower apoptosis, thus delivering the effect of treating CI. Results of this study indicate SH-loaded nanoparticles as promising strategy for delivery SH to brain areas for treating CI.
Collapse
|
11
|
Gu C, Zhang Q, Li Y, Li R, Feng J, Chen W, Ahmed W, Soufiany I, Huang S, Long J, Chen L. The PI3K/AKT Pathway-The Potential Key Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Stroke. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:900809. [PMID: 35712089 PMCID: PMC9194604 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.900809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is associated with a high disability and fatality rate, and adversely affects the quality of life of patients and their families. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used effectively in the treatment of stroke for more than 2000 years in China and surrounding countries and regions, and over the years, this field has gleaned extensive clinical treatment experience. The Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway is important for regulation of cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and plays a vital role in vascularization and oxidative stress in stroke. Current Western medicine treatment protocols for stroke include mainly pharmacologic or mechanical thrombectomy to restore blood flow. This review collates recent advances in the past 5 years in the TCM treatment of stroke involving the PI3K/AKT pathway. TCM treatment significantly reduces neuronal damage, inhibits cell apoptosis, and delays progression of stroke via various PI3K/AKT-mediated downstream pathways. In the future, TCM can provide new perspectives and directions for exploring the key factors, and effective activators or inhibitors that affect occurrence and progression of stroke, thereby facilitating treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiankun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanghao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 9th People Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Waqas Ahmed
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Shiying Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang LY, Li WY, Zhou HF, Zhao XY, Li XN, Wu XD, Zhao QS. Spiroligustolides A and B: two pairs of enantiomeric spiro-orthoester-containing phthalide dimers as Cav3.1 calcium channel inhibitors from Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort. Bioorg Chem 2022; 123:105749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
13
|
Jiang Y, Luo Y, Chen X, Liu N, Hou J, Piao J, Song C, Si C, Hu W, Li X. Senkyunolide H protects PC12 cells from OGD/R-induced injury via cAMP-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114659. [PMID: 34543683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Senkyunolide H (SNH) is a bioactive phthalide isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort rhizome and was reported to have multiple pharmacological effects. AIM OF THE STUDY The study was performed to verify the potency of SNH protecting PC12 cells from oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS OGD/R model was established in PC12 cells and the cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The cell morphology was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The potential targets of SNH and related targets of OGD/R were screened, and a merged protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of SNH and OGD/R was constructed based on the network pharmacology analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database was used for pathway analysis. Intracellular cAMP level and the protein expression levels were measured to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS SNH pretreatment protected PC12 cells against OGD/R-induced cell death. SNH also significantly protected the cell protrusion. A merged PPI network was constructed and the shared candidate targets significantly enriched in cAMP signaling pathway. The level of intracellular cAMP and the protein level of p-CREB, p-AKT, p-PDK1 and PKA protein were up-regulated after the treatment of SNH compared with OGD/R modeling. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicated that SNH protected PC12 cells from OGD/R-induced injury via cAMP-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyao Jiang
- Institute for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yanyan Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Institute for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Nan Liu
- Beijing Increasepharm Safety and Efficacy Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Jincai Hou
- Jing-Jin-Ji Joint Innovation Pharmaceutical (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Jingpei Piao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, China.
| | - Chao Song
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China.
| | - Chuanling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Weicheng Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China.
| | - Xueqin Li
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhu YL, Huang J, Chen XY, Xie J, Yang Q, Wang JF, Deng XM. Senkyunolide I alleviates renal Ischemia-Reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 102:108393. [PMID: 34857480 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ligusticum striatum DC. is traditionally used to treat ischemic diseases because of its potent effect against blood stasis and thrombosis, including various cardiovascular, cerebral and renal diseases. Senkyunolide I (SEI), which is the major active phthalide ingredient of Ligusticum striatum DC., is mainly distributed in kidney and has been shown to attenuate ischemia reperfusion injury in liver. However, the underlying effect of SEI against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remain unclear. METHODS Renal ischemia reperfusion mice model was established by clamping bilateral renal pedicles. In vitro oxidative stress model was induced by H2O2. Level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) was tested for in vivo model evaluation, while cell viability was tested using CCK8 to evaluate in vitro model. SEI solution containing 1% DMSO was injected intraperitoneally in the I/R group, while normal saline containing 1% DMSO injected in the Sham group. Reduced glutathione (GSH) solution containing 1% DMSO was used as a positive control. RESULTS SEI protected renal function and structural integrity. It reversed the I/R-induced elevation of BUN, SCr levels and renal pathological injury. The secretion of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6 was inhibited, and the renal apoptosis was attenuated by SEI. In addition, SEI played a protective role by reducing the production of reactive oxidative species (ROS), as shown by the elevated expression of antioxidant proteins including Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, and reduced expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related proteins including GRP78 and CHOP. It also attenuated HK2 cell injury in an in vitro model induced by H2O2. CONCLUSIONS SEI alleviates renal injury induced by ischemia reperfusion with anti-inflammatory, anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lin Zhu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Ying Chen
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Deng
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tan J, Li W, Teng Z, Wang G, Li Y, Zhang Y. Senkyunolide H inhibits activation of microglia and attenuates lipopolysaccharide-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in BV2 microglia cells via regulating ERK and NF-κB pathway. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 38:378-384. [PMID: 34783459 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is one of the common surgical diseases, which leads to abnormal chronic pain and pain hypersensitivity reaction. Microglia are important glial cells in the spinal cord, which are conducive to sensitization and maintenance of chronic pain. Recently, Senkyunolide H (SNH) has been reported to play an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role. However, the mechanisms by which SNH improves neuropathic pain symptoms remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate and identify the role of SNH in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in BV2. Western blot and immunostaining assays revealed that SNH treatment attenuated LPS-mediated activation of BV2 in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry further verified that BV2 microglial cells gradually shifted from an M1 (pro-inflammatory) phenotype to an M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype after SNH administration. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and ELISA assays demonstrated that SNH treatment attenuated LPS-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in BV2 microglial cells. Lastly, western blot assays suggested that SHN could inactivate the ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Altogether, our findings have demonstrated that SNH could reverse LPS-mediated activation of microglia, LPS-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in BV2 via regulating the ERK and NF-κB pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tan
- Department of Pain Medicine, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhipeng Teng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wenzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Neuroprotective effects of Senkyunolide I against glutamate-induced cells death by attenuating JNK/caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111696. [PMID: 34044281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-induced neurotoxicity is one of the most important pathogenic mechanisms in neurological diseases and is widely used as an in vitro model for ischemic stroke. Senkyunolide I (SEI), an active constituent derived from traditional Chinese medicine Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, has been shown to have beneficial effects against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. However, the mechanisms underlying SEI-mediated neuroprotection remain not well understood. Thus, we explored the influence of SEI in glutamate-mediated injury to mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro2a) cells and determined the mechanisms involved. Neuro2a cells were treated with SEI under exposure to glutamate for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by using WST-1 reagents, and apoptosis was evaluated using Annexin V-FITC and a PI double staining kit. The protein expression levels of p-AKT, AKT, p-GSK3β, GSK3β, p-p38, p38, p-ERK, ERK, p-JNK, JNK, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-xl, p-Bad, Bad, p53, and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot analysis. Glutamate significantly decreased cell viability and elevated the level of apoptosis. Treatment with SEI reversed those effects. Furthermore, the expression of p-JNK/JNK and cleaved caspase-3 were also reduced after treatment with SEI. Our findings demonstrate that SEI protected Neuro2a cells against glutamate toxicity by regulating JNK/caspase-3 pathway and apoptosis. Thus, SEI maybe a promising candidate for neuroprotection.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang Q, Zhao ZZ, Xie J, Wang YP, Yang K, Guo Y, Wang JF, Deng XM. Senkyunolide I attenuates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107717. [PMID: 33933846 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senkyunolide I (SEI)exerts considerable protective effects in various disease models, but its effect on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. This research aimed to investigate the effect of SEI in a murine model of hepatic I/R injury. METHODS With modified liver I/R murine model, low, medium and high doses of SEI were injected intraperitoneally after operation. After 6 h of reperfusion, the blood and liver were collected. Serum ALT and AST were detected by automatic analyzer, while liver injury was evaluated by HE staining. High-dose SEI was selected to further explore its impacts on oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis induced by hepatic I/R. The pharmacological effect of SEI was also compared with a positive control, glutathione (GSH). We used ELISA to detect serum TNF-α, IL-1 β and IL-6, special kit to explore activities of SOD and GSH-Px, and the content of MDA, and western blotting to detect HO-1, Bax and Bcl-2 levels, and to perceive expressions and phosphorylations of NF- κB p65 and p38/ERK/JNK in liver tissues. Apoptosis in liver tissue was evaluated by TUNEL. The antioxidative effect of SEI was further investigated using the HuCCT1 cells stimulated with H2O2 and the role of SEI on regulation of Nrf-2/HO-1 was determined. RESULTS 200 mg/kg of SEI was optimal dose for treating liver I/R injury. Elevated ALT, AST and histopathological injury in I/R liver was attenuated by SEI administration, similarly to GSH. Serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were reduced in liver I/R mice treated with SEI, and in liver tissues, phosphorylation of p65 NF-κB and MAPK kinases (p38, ERK, JNK), were inhibited. SEI reduced the MDA content, but increased HO-1 level and enhanced SOD and GSH-Px activities. Apoptosis of liver tissues was decreased, while SEI inhibited Bax and elevated Bcl-2 expression. In in vitro experiments, H2O2 reduced the survival rate of HuCCT1 cells, which was protected by SEI administration. SEI reduced the ROS and MDA content. The transportation of Nrf-2 into the nucleus was enhanced and HO-1 expression was upregulated. CONCLUSIONS SEI attenuates hepatic I/R injury in mice via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Zhao
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Peng Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Deng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xie J, Zhao ZZ, Li P, Zhu CL, Guo Y, Wang J, Deng XM, Wang JF. Senkyunolide I Protects against Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy by Attenuating Sleep Deprivation in a Murine Model of Cecal Ligation and Puncture. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6647258. [PMID: 33628372 PMCID: PMC7899760 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6647258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis may lead to sleep deprivation, which will promote the development of neuroinflammation and mediate the progression of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Senkyunolide I, an active component derived from an herb medicine, has been shown to provide a sedative effect to improve sleep. However, its role in sepsis is unclear. The present study was performed to investigate whether Senkyunolide I protected against SAE in a murine model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Here, we showed that Senkyunolide I treatment improved the 7-day survival rate and reduced the excessive release of cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. A fear conditioning test was performed, and the results showed that Senkyunolide I attenuated CLP-induced cognitive dysfunction. Senkyunolide I treatment also decreased the phosphorylation levels of inflammatory signaling proteins, including p-ERK, p-JNK, p-P38, and p-P65, and the level of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, in the hippocampus homogenate. Sleep deprivation was attenuated by Senkyunolide I administration, as demonstrated by the modification of the BDNF and c-FOS expression. When sleep deprivation was induced manually, the protective effect of Senkyunolide I against inflammatory responses and cognitive dysfunction was reversed. Our data demonstrated that Senkyunolide I could protect against sepsis-associated encephalopathy in a murine model of sepsis via relieving sleep deprivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xie
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-zhen Zhao
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-long Zhu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-ming Deng
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-feng Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang DH, Cai SQ, Xu F, Zhang L, Zhao X, Zhou QL, Liu GX, Yang XW. Eleven absorbed constituents and 91 metabolites of chuanxiong rhizoma decoction in rats. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_7_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
20
|
A comparative UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based eco-metabolomics approach reveals temperature adaptation of four Nepenthes species. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21861. [PMID: 33318532 PMCID: PMC7736350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nepenthes, as the largest family of carnivorous plants, is found with an extensive geographical distribution throughout the Malay Archipelago, specifically in Borneo, Philippines, and Sumatra. Highland species are able to tolerate cold stress and lowland species heat stress. Our current understanding on the adaptation or survival mechanisms acquired by the different Nepenthes species to their climatic conditions at the phytochemical level is, however, limited. In this study, we applied an eco-metabolomics approach to identify temperature stressed individual metabolic fingerprints of four Nepenthes species: the lowlanders N. ampullaria, N. rafflesiana and N. northiana, and the highlander N. minima. We hypothesized that distinct metabolite regulation patterns exist between the Nepenthes species due to their adaptation towards different geographical and altitudinal distribution. Our results revealed not only distinct temperature stress induced metabolite fingerprints for each Nepenthes species, but also shared metabolic response and adaptation strategies. The interspecific responses and adaptation of N. rafflesiana and N. northiana likely reflected their natural habitat niches. Moreover, our study also indicates the potential of lowlanders, especially N. ampullaria and N. rafflesiana, to produce metabolites needed to deal with increased temperatures, offering hope for the plant genus and future adaption in times of changing climate.
Collapse
|
21
|
Jia R, Du J, Cao L, Feng W, He Q, Xu P, Yin G. Chronic exposure of hydrogen peroxide alters redox state, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 229:105657. [PMID: 33075616 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) appears to be ubiquitous in natural water. Higher level of H2O2 can cause physiological stress, immunosuppression and even death in aquatic animals, but the physiological and molecular mechanisms of H2O2 toxicity are not well studied. Thus, the aim of the present study was to exposure potential toxic mechanisms of H2O2 via assessing the effects on redox state, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in common carp. The fish were subjected to four concentrations of H2O2 (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mM) for 14 days. And then, the tissues including blood, liver, muscle, gills, intestines, heart, kidney and spleen were collected to measure biochemical parameter and gene expression. The results showed that H2O2 exposure suppressed the majority antioxidative parameters in serum, liver, muscle and intestines, but enhanced T-SOD, CAT and T-AOC levels in gills. In all tested tissues, the MDA content was significantly promoted by H2O2 exposure. The oxidative stress-related genes including nrf2, gstα, sod, cat and/or gpx1 were upregulated in liver, gills, muscle, intestines, and/or kidney, but downregulated in heart after H2O2 exposure. Moreover, the ho-1 mRNA level was inhibited by H2O2 exposure in all tissues except intestines and spleen. After 14 days of exposure, H2O2 induced ER stress and initiated IRE1 and PERK pathways, which activated downstream genes, including chop, grp78 and/or xbp1s, to regulate UPR in liver, gills, muscle and/or heart. Meanwhile, H2O2 exposure activated MAPK pathway to regulate mitochondria-related genes including bcl-2, bax and cytc, which further triggered cas-8, cas-9 and cas-3, and accelerated apoptosis in liver, gills, muscle and heart. Importantly, in different tissues, the genes associated with oxidative stress, ER stress and apoptosis showed a different influence, and more significant influence was observed in the muscle, gills and liver. Overall results suggested that long-term H2O2 exposure induced oxidative stress, ER stress and apoptosis in the majority of tested tissues of common carp. The Nrf2, IRE1, PERK and MAPK pathways played important roles in H2O2-induced toxicity in fish. These data enriched the toxicity mechanism of H2O2 in fish, which might contribute to the risk assessment of H2O2 in aquatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Jinliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Wenrong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Guojun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Network Pharmacology Analysis and Molecular Characterization of the Herbal Medicine Formulation Qi-Fu-Yin for the Inhibition of the Neuroinflammatory Biomarker iNOS in Microglial BV-2 Cells: Implication for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5780703. [PMID: 32952851 PMCID: PMC7481926 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5780703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant microglial activation drives neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study is aimed at investigating whether the herbal formula Qi-Fu-Yin (QFY) could inhibit the inflammatory activation of cultured BV-2 microglia. A network pharmacology approach was employed to predict the active compounds of QFY, protein targets, and affected pathways. The representative pathways and molecular functions of the targets were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment. A total of 145 active compounds were selected from seven herbal ingredients of QFY. Targets (e.g., MAPT, APP, ACHE, iNOS, and COX-2) were predicted for the selected active compounds based on the relevance to AD and inflammation. As a validation, fractions were sequentially prepared by aqueous extraction, ethanolic precipitation, and HPLC separation, and assayed for downregulating two key proinflammatory biomarkers iNOS and COX-2 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) challenged BV-2 cells by the Western blotting technique. Moreover, the compounds of QFY in 90% ethanol downregulated iNOS in BV-2 cells but showed no activity against COX-2 induction. Among the herbal ingredients of QFY, Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma contributed to the selective inhibition of iNOS induction. Furthermore, chemical analysis identified ginsenosides, especially Rg3, as antineuroinflammatory compounds. The herbal formula QFY may ameliorate neuroinflammation via downregulating iNOS in microglia.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang X, Yao Y, An C, Li X, Xiang F, Dong Y, Li M. Simultaneous determination of 20 bioactive components in Chuanxiong Rhizoma from different production origins in Sichuan province by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1606-1616. [PMID: 32557720 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chuanxiong Rhizoma is a commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. Chuanxiong Rhizoma is widely distributed in Sichuan province, China, including the cities of Dujiangyan, Pengzhou, Meishan, Qionglai, and Shifang. However, reports on the comparisons of quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma of different production origins are limited. Therefore, an ultra-HPLC with triple quadrupole MS method was developed for the determination of 20 bioactive components (12 aromatic acids and eight phthalides) in 36 samples from different production origins and further assessed its quality. The contents of these 20 constituents of samples were analyzed by hierarchical cluster analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis; the result indicated that Chuanxiong Rhizoma of different production origins had some differences. Thirteen constituents of quality difference markers were acquired by variable importance for the project. Furthermore, the sum of the contents of these quality difference markers was different from various production origins of Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Meanwhile, Z-ligustilide and senkyunolide A as main constituents of quality difference markers, the rate of various production origins of Chuanxiong Rhizoma was different. This study provides a foundation for the quality assessment of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- Deyang Food and Drug Safety Inspection and Testing Center, Deyang, P. R. China
| | - Yixin Yao
- Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Chang An
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xi Li
- Sichuan Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Fangtao Xiang
- Affiliated Hospital, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, P. R. China
| | - Yangli Dong
- Deyang Food and Drug Safety Inspection and Testing Center, Deyang, P. R. China
| | - Maosen Li
- Deyang Food and Drug Safety Inspection and Testing Center, Deyang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang J, Jiang Y, Liu N, Shen T, Jung HW, Liu J, Yan BC. A Network-Based Method for Mechanistic Investigation and Neuroprotective Effect on Post-treatment of Senkyunolid-H Against Cerebral Ischemic Stroke in Mouse. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1299. [PMID: 31920923 PMCID: PMC6930873 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Senkyunolide-H (SEH), a major bioactive compound extracted from Ligusticum chuanxiong, has been reported to be effective in preventing cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS). In this study, we employed network pharmacology to reveal potential mechanism of SEH against CIS on a system level and confirmed the therapeutic effects of SEH on CIS by models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in vivo and in vitro. Through protein-protein interaction networks construction of SEH- and CIS-related targets, a total of 62 key targets were obtained by screening topological indices and analyzed for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that SEH might have a role in treating CIS via regulating some biological processes including regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling, and some molecular function, such as transcription factor and protein phosphatase binding and nitric oxide synthase regulator activity. Meanwhile, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway was significantly enriched. In addition, our result showed that SEH posttreatment significantly decreased the neurological scores, infarct volume, and neuronal death in the middle cerebral artery occlusion mice. Moreover, the PI3K/Akt/nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway was activated by intragastric administration of 40 mg/kg SEH, as verified by Western blot. In vitro, treatment of PC12 cells with 100 μM SEH markedly reduced cell death induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation through the activation of PI3K/Akt/nuclear factor kappa B pathway, and the therapeutic effect of SEH was obviously inhibited by 10 μM LY294002. In summary, these results suggested that SEH carries a therapeutic potential in CIS involving multiple targets and pathways, and the most crucial mechanism might be through the activation of PI3K/Akt/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway to inhibit inflammatory factor releases and increase the antiapoptosis capacity. Our study furnishes the future traditional Chinese medicine research with a network pharmacology framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yunyao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute for Chinese Materia Medica, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Beijing Increase Research for Drug Efficacy and Safety Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Ting Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China
| | - Hyo Won Jung
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju-si, South Korea.,Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju-si, South Korea
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Pharmacology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Chun Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fan Q, Yang R, Yang F, Xia P, Zhao L. Spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and antioxidant activity of Angelica sinensis. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 34:e4707. [PMID: 31629374 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Angelica sinensis is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicines and has antioxidant activities that greatly contribute to its pharmacological action. However, the compounds responsible for its antioxidant activity remain unknown. In this study, the fingerprints of 10 batches of A. sinensis collected from different locations in China were established with HPLC to identify the common peaks. The antioxidant activities of these 10 batches were evaluated with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power assays. The spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and antioxidant effect of A. sinensis was examined by the partial-least-square regression analysis and the variable importance in projection method. Results showed that the antioxidant effect of A. sinensis results from the synergistic effect of various compounds, and peaks X3 and X7-X18 were the main substances responsible for antioxidant efficacy. This study successfully identified the spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and the antioxidant effect of A. sinensis. This relationship can provide methods for establishing the quality standards for A. sinensis and developing new and effective products of A. sinensis based on its antioxidant ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fan
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Quality for Traditional Chinese Medicines of the College of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology and Popularization, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruijing Yang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feixia Yang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Xia
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Quality for Traditional Chinese Medicines of the College of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology and Popularization, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Quality for Traditional Chinese Medicines of the College of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology and Popularization, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Luo Y, Li X, Liu T, Cao Y, Zhang J, Yaseen A, Sun F, Zheng W, Jiang Y, Si CL, Hu W. Senkyunolide H protects against MPP +-induced apoptosis via the ROS-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in PC12 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:73-81. [PMID: 30579107 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Senkyunolide H (SNH) is a phthalide isolated from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. that has been reported to have several pharmacological activities, including anti-atherosclerotic, antiproliferative, and cytoprotective effects. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of SNH against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced oxidative stress. We demonstrated that SNH pretreatment significantly attenuated MPP+-induced neurotoxicity and apoptosis in PC12 cells. In addition, SNH attenuated the effect of MPP+ on the expression of the pro-apoptotic factors Bax and caspase-3. Meanwhile, SNH prevented oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species generation, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, cytochrome C release, and malondialdehyde levels while increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase). In addition, SNH inhibited nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase and phosphorylation p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Overall, this investigation provides novel evidence that SNH exerts neuroprotective effects via the ROS-mediated MAPK pathway and represents a potential preventive or therapeutic agent for neuronal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Department of Gerontology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Tingwu Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Yufeng Cao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Jianmei Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Aftab Yaseen
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fengting Sun
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Wancai Zheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Yunyao Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China; Jing-Jin-Ji Joint Innovation Pharmaceutical (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Chuan-Ling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Weicheng Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang P, Chen L, Wang X, Chen J, Xu S, Ye L, Yao Y. Simultaneous Determination of Night Effective Constituents and Correlation Analysis of Multiconstituents and Antiplatelet Aggregation Bioactivity In Vitro in Chuanxiong Rhizoma Subjected to Different Decoction Times. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:8970624. [PMID: 31886025 PMCID: PMC6893248 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8970624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Several effective constituents, such as vanillin, ferulic acid, senkyunolide I, senkyunolide H, coniferyl ferulate, Z-ligustilide, butylphthalide, senkyunolide A, and levistilide A, are unstable and possess mutual transformation relationships in Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CR). Traditional Chinese medicine mainly involves decoction, and the content of effective constituents and antiplatelet aggregation bioactivity (AAB) in CR may vary with different decoction time (10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, 50 min, and 60 min). Here, we showed that coniferyl ferulate and levistilide A were detected in CR material, but not in the decoction. The effective components possessed transformation and degradation in CR decoction of different times. The effective components and the strength of AAB at 10 and 20 minutes were the strongest, followed by 30-50 minutes, and 60 minutes were the weakest by analysis of SIMCA-PLS in CR decoction of different times. In the Pearson correlation analysis, there were correlations (P < 0.05) between effective components, which were ferulic acid and senkyunolide I (coefficient was 0.976), ferulic acid and senkyunolide H (coefficient was 0.972), senkyunolide I and senkyunolide H (coefficient was 0.982), senkyunolide A and butylphthalide (coefficient was 0.974), senkyunolide A and Z-ligustilide (coefficient was 0.947), and butylphthalide and Z-ligustilide (coefficient was 0.993). Effective components (ferulic acid, senkyunolide I, and senkyunolide H) and AAB were correlated and the Pearson correlation coefficients were respectively 0.965, 0.973, and 0.999. In the stepwise regression analysis, senkyunolide H and senkyunolide I were correlated with AAB (P < 0.05). Senkyunolide H (H) was positively correlated with AAB, senkyunolide I (I) was negatively correlated with AAB, and its expression was AAB = 1.187 ∗ H - 0.199 ∗ I - 0.422. These findings indicate that there are some correlations between effective components and AAB in CR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peihua Zhang
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Linming Chen
- Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Puning 515300, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Deyang Food and Drug Safety Inspection and Testing Center, Deyang 61800, China
| | - Jinpei Chen
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Shungui Xu
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ling Ye
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yixin Yao
- Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Puning 515300, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gallic Acid-L-Leucine Conjugate Protects Mice against LPS-Induced Inflammation and Sepsis via Correcting Proinflammatory Lipid Mediator Profiles and Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1081287. [PMID: 29765489 PMCID: PMC5889890 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1081287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The pathology of endotoxin LPS-induced sepsis is hallmarked by aberrant production of proinflammatory lipid mediators and nitric oxide (NO). The aim of the present study was to determine whether the new product gallic acid-L-leucine (GAL) conjugate could ameliorate the LPS-induced dysregulation of arachidonic acid metabolism and NO production. We first investigated the effects of GAL conjugate on the expression of proinflammatory enzymes and the production of proinflammatory NO and lipid mediators in mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7, primary peritoneal macrophages, and mouse model. Western blot analyses revealed that GAL attenuated LPS-induced expression of iNOS, COX-2, and 5-LOX in a concentration-dependent manner. Consistently, probing NO-mediated fluorescence revealed that GAL antagonized the stimulatory effect of LPS on iNOS activity. By profiling of lipid mediators with ESI-MS-based lipidomics, we found that GAL suppressed LPS-induced overproduction of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2, leukotriene B4, and thromboxane B2. We further discovered that GAL might exhibit anti-inflammatory activities by the following mechanisms: (1) suppressing LPS-induced activation of MAP kinases (i.e., ERK1/2, JNK, and p38); (2) reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS); and (3) preventing LPS-induced nuclear translocation of transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1. Consequently, GAL significantly decreased the levels of COX-2 and iNOS expression and the plasma levels of proinflammatory lipid mediators in LPS-treated mice. GAL pretreatment enhanced the survival of mice against LPS-induced endotoxic shock. Taken together, our results suggest that GAL may be a potential anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of endotoxemia and sepsis.
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhang N, Cheng C, Olaleye OE, Sun Y, Li L, Huang Y, Du F, Yang J, Wang F, Shi Y, Xu F, Li Y, Wen Q, Zhang N, Li C. Pharmacokinetics-Based Identification of Potential Therapeutic Phthalides from XueBiJing, a Chinese Herbal Injection Used in Sepsis Management. Drug Metab Dispos 2018. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.079673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
|
30
|
A systematic review on the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Chuanxiong). Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:309-325. [PMID: 29486278 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chuanxiong Rhizome (called Chuanxiong, CX in Chinese), the dried rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, is an extremely common traditional edible-medicinal herb. As a widely used ethnomedicine in Asia including China, Japan and Korea, CX possesses ideal therapeutic effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and is also used as a major ingredient in soups for regular consumption to benefit health. Based on the traditional perception, amounts of investigations on different aspects have been done for CX in the past decades. However, no literature systematic review about these achievements have been compiled. Herein, the aim of this review is to present the up-to-date information on the ethnobotany, ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, toxicology of this plant to identify their therapeutic potential and directs future research opportunities. So far, about 174 compounds has been isolated and identified from CX, in which phthalides and alkaloids would be the main bioactive ingredients for its pharmacological properties, such as anti-cerebral ischemia, anti-myocardial ischemia, blood vessel protection, anti-thrombotic, anti-hypertensive, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-spasmodic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-asthma effects. Even so, due to the incomplete standardized planting, unstable herbal quality, and outdated preparation techniques, the industrial progress of CX is still less developed.
Collapse
|
31
|
Li JQ, Wang JF, Li J, Zhang SH, He D, Tong RS, She SY. A validated LC-MS/MS method for the determination of senkyunolide I in dog plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4182. [PMID: 29314089 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Senkyunolide I is one of the major bioactive components in the herbal medicine Ligusticum chuanxiong. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a fast, simple and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the determination of senkyunolide I in dog plasma. The plasma samples were processed with acetonitrile and separated on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid aqueous and acetonitrile was delivered at a flow rate of 0.3 mL min-1 . The detection was achieved in the positive selected reaction monitoring mode with precursor-to-product transitions at m/z 225.1 → 161.1 for senkyunolide I and at m/z 349.1 → 305.1 for an internal standard. The assay was linear over the tested concentration range, from 0.5 ng mL-1 to 1000 ng mL-1 , with a correlation coefficient >0.9992. The mean extraction recovery from dog plasma was within the range of 85.78-93.25%, while the matrix effect of the analyte was within the range of 98.23-108.89%. The intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD) were <12.12% and the accuracy (RR) ranged from 98.89% to 104.24%. The validated assay was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies of senkyunolide I in dogs. The results demonstrated that (a) senkyunolide I showed short elimination half-life (<1 h) in dog, (b) its oral bioavailability was >40% and (c) senkyunolide I showed dose-independent pharmacokinetic profiles in dog plasma over the dose range of 1-50 mg kg-1 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Qi Li
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Key Laboratory for Individualized Drug Therapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Han Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan He
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong-Sheng Tong
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Key Laboratory for Individualized Drug Therapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Ya She
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Khan F, Khan I, Farooqui A, Ansari IA. Carvacrol Induces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-mediated Apoptosis Along with Cell Cycle Arrest at G0/G1 in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:1075-1087. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1359321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arshi Farooqui
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Irfan A. Ansari
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yue SJ, Xin LT, Fan YC, Li SJ, Tang YP, Duan JA, Guan HS, Wang CY. Herb pair Danggui-Honghua: mechanisms underlying blood stasis syndrome by system pharmacology approach. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40318. [PMID: 28074863 PMCID: PMC5225497 DOI: 10.1038/srep40318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herb pair Danggui-Honghua has been frequently used for treatment of blood stasis syndrome (BSS) in China, one of the most common clinical pathological syndromes in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, its therapeutic mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, a feasible system pharmacology model based on chemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological data was developed via network construction approach to clarify the mechanisms of this herb pair. Thirty-one active ingredients of Danggui-Honghua possessing favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and biological activities were selected, interacting with 42 BSS-related targets to provide potential synergistic therapeutic actions. Systematic analysis of the constructed networks revealed that these targets such as HMOX1, NOS2, NOS3, HIF1A and PTGS2 were mainly involved in TNF signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway and neurotrophin signaling pathway. The contribution index of every active ingredient also indicated six compounds, including hydroxysafflor yellow A, safflor yellow A, safflor yellow B, Z-ligustilide, ferulic acid, and Z-butylidenephthalide, as the principal components of this herb pair. These results successfully explained the polypharmcological mechanisms underlying the efficiency of Danggui-Honghua for BSS treatment, and also probed into the potential novel therapeutic strategies for BSS in TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lan-Ting Xin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Chu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Shi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang X, Han B, Feng ZM, Yang YN, Jiang JS, Zhang PC. Phthalide derivatives from Ligusticum chuanxiong. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06813a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Eleven new phthalide derivatives (1–11) have been isolated from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| | - Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| | - Zi-Ming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| | - Ya-Nan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| | - Jian-Shuang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| | - Pei-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Phthalides: Distribution in Nature, Chemical Reactivity, Synthesis, and Biological Activity. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 104 2017; 104:127-246. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45618-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
36
|
Ma Q, Ma C, Wu F, Xiong YK, Feng Y, Liang S. Preparation and structural determination of four metabolites of senkyunolide I in rats using ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:504. [PMID: 27919258 PMCID: PMC5139061 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Senkyunolide I (SEI) is one of the most important bioactive phthalides of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Umbelliferae), a Traditional Chinese Medicine. Our previous studies suggested that it might be developed as a potential treatment for migraine. Methods In this paper, we aimed to isolate and characterize the main metabolites of SEI after gavage feeding in rats. Their structures were identified precisely on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and UPLC/Q-TOF-MS spectrometry. We also established the main metabolic pathways of SEI in rats. Results Four metabolites (M1-M4) were isolated, for the first time, from bile samples of rats by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were determined as SEI-6S-O-β-D-glucuronide (M1), SEI-7S-O-β-D-glucuronide (M2), SEI-7S-S-glutathione (M3) and SEI-7R-S-glutathione (M4) on the basis of the molecular mass of the analytes, using ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 1D and 2D NMR. Conclusions The results demonstrated that glucuronide and glutathione conjugation were the major pathways of SEI metabolism in vivo, and the configuration at the 7th-position could be inverted during glutathione conjugation.
Collapse
|
37
|
Han B, Zhang X, Feng ZM, Jiang JS, Li L, Yang YN, Zhang PC. Ligubenzocycloheptanone A, a Novel Tricyclic Butenolide with a 6/7/5 Skeleton from Ligusticum chuanxiong. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28783. [PMID: 27461841 PMCID: PMC4962078 DOI: 10.1038/srep28783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligubenzocycloheptanone A (1), a novel tricyclic butenolide with a 6/7/5-membered ring skeleton, was isolated from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong. Its unusual structure was determined using UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR data, X-ray diffraction crystallography and by the comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. 1 possessed a benzocycloheptanone core featuring butyrolactone, which is rarely observed in nature. A possible biosynthetic pathway was proposed. Ligubenzocycloheptanone A showed strong radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 2.3 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Ming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Shuang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cheng Y, Tse HF, Li X, Han Y, Rong J. Gallic acid-l-leucine (GAL) conjugate enhances macrophage phagocytosis via inducing leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase (LTB4DH) expression. Mol Immunol 2016; 74:39-46. [PMID: 27148819 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Timely clearance of apoptotic cells is an important step in the resolution of ongoing inflammation and the restoration of tissue integrity and function after acute myocardial infarction. Natural products gallic acid and l-leucine are well-documented for anti-inflammatory and anabolic effects. We synthesized gallic acid-l-leucine (GAL) conjugate via direct coupling gallic acid and l-leucine. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of GAL conjugate on the phagocytotic activity of macrophages. By using murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 as an in vitro model, we evaluated the effect of GAL conjugate on the phagocytic uptake of fluorescently labeled latex beads and apoptotic cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells. We found that GAL conjugate enhanced the phagocytic activity of macrophage RAW264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the effect of GAL conjugate on macrophage phagocytosis was positively correlated with the up-regulation of leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase (LTB4DH) expression at both mRNA and protein levels. By ESI-MS based lipidomics profiling, GAL conjugate increased the enzymatic activities of LTB4DH, leading to the formation of lipid metabolites including 12-oxo-LTB4, 13,14-dh-oxo-PGE2 and 13,14-dh-oxo-PGF2α. Interestingly, GAL conjugate failed to increase macrophage phagocytosis upon silencing of LTB4DH by specific siRNA. Moreover, it appeared that GAL conjugate induced LTB4DH expression via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. After Nrf-2 was silenced by specific siRNA, GAL conjugate no longer induced LTB4DH expression in the Nrf2-siRNA transfected cells. Taken together, our results suggest that GAL enhances macrophage phagocytosis via sequentially activating Nrf2 and up-regulating LTB4DH expression. Thus, GAL conjugate may serve as a lead compound for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yifan Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Jianhui Rong
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang LY, Tang YP, Liu X, Zhu M, Tao WW, Li WX, Duan JA. Effects of ferulic acid on antioxidant activity in Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, and their combination. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:401-8. [PMID: 26073335 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at exploring different roles of the same compound in different environment, using preparative HPLC, and the significance to investigating bio-active constituents in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on the basis of holism. In this study, the depletion of target component ferulic acid (FA) by using preparative HPLC followed by antioxidant activity testing was applied to investigate the roles of FA in Angelicae Sinensis Radix (DG), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CX) and their combination (GX). The antioxidant activity was performed by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity testing. FA was successfully and exclusively depleted from DG, CX, and GX, respectively. By comparing the effects of the samples, it was found that FA was one of the main antioxidant constituents in DG, CX and GX, and the roles of FA were DG > CX > GX. Furthermore, the effects of FA varied at different doses in these herbs. This study provided a reliable and effective approach to clarifying the contribution of same compound in different TCMs to their bio-activities. The role of a constituent in different TCMs might be different, and a component with the same content might have different effects in different chemical environments. Furthermore, this study also suggested the potential utilization of preparative HPLC in the characterization of the roles of multi-ingredients in TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yan Wang
- Jingjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingjiang 214500, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Jingjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingjiang 214500, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Jingjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Jingjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Wei-Wei Tao
- Jingjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Wei-Xia Li
- Jingjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jingjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingjiang 214500, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nrf2–ARE pathway: An emerging target against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 157:84-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
41
|
Metabolism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma decoction: Identification of the metabolites in WZS-miniature pig urine. Fitoterapia 2015; 105:177-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
42
|
Hu Y, Duan M, Liang S, Wang Y, Feng Y. Senkyunolide I protects rat brain against focal cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury by up-regulating p-Erk1/2, Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting caspase 3. Brain Res 2015; 1605:39-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
43
|
Simultaneous determination of ferulic acid and phthalides of Angelica sinensis based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Molecules 2015; 20:4681-94. [PMID: 25781070 PMCID: PMC6272380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The radix of Angelica sinensis (AS) is one of the most commonly used as a herbal medicine. To investigate the geoherbalism and quality evaluation of AS, an ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS) method was established to analyze and identify ferulic acid and phthalides in AS. The results showed that among samples collected in four regions, the relative contents of ferulic acid and phthalides were highest in samples collected in Gansu, and the samples from the four different regions were apparently classified into four groups. Meanwhile, the relative content in non-fumigated root was higher than after sulfur-fumigation and the sulfur-fumigated and non-fumigated samples were obviously divided into two groups by PCA. The paper establishes a systematic and objective evaluation system to provide a scientific basis for evaluating the quality of AS.
Collapse
|
44
|
Cheng Y, Yang C, Zhao J, Tse HF, Rong J. Proteomic identification of calcium-binding chaperone calreticulin as a potential mediator for the neuroprotective and neuritogenic activities of fruit-derived glycoside amygdalin. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:146-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
45
|
Zhao X, Ma T, Zhang C, Shi S, Cui S, Bi K, Jia Y. Simultaneous determination of senkyunolide I and senkyunolide H in rat plasma by LC-MS: application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in normal and migrainous rats after oral administration of Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 29:1297-303. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhao
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Wenhua Road 103 Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Tiancheng Ma
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Wenhua Road 103 Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Chenning Zhang
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Wenhua Road 103 Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Shaohuai Shi
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Wenhua Road 103 Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Sijiao Cui
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Wenhua Road 103 Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- The Engineering Laboratory of National and Local Union of Quality Control for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Wenhua Road 103 Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Ying Jia
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Wenhua Road 103 Shenyang 110016 China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pei K, Cai H, Liu X, Tu S, Cao G, Li H, Zhao Y, Song X, Lou Y, Qiao F, Cai B. Evaluation of the influence of sulfur fumigation on the pharmacokinetics of four active ingredients in Si Wu Tang. J Sep Sci 2014; 38:25-33. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Pei
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Hao Cai
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Sicong Tu
- Faculty of Medicine; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Gang Cao
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Research Center of TCM Processing Technology; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Huan Li
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Song
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yajing Lou
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute; Jiangsu Chia Tai Fenghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Fengxian Qiao
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhao J, Cheng YY, Fan W, Yang CB, Ye SF, Cui W, Wei W, Lao LX, Cai J, Han YF, Rong JH. Botanical drug puerarin coordinates with nerve growth factor in the regulation of neuronal survival and neuritogenesis via activating ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in the neurite extension process. CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 21:61-70. [PMID: 25310912 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Nerve growth factor (NGF) regulates neuronal survival and differentiation by activating extracellular signal-regulated-kinases (ERK) 1/2 and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways in two distinct processes: latency process and neurite extension process. This study was designed to investigate whether botanical drug C-glucosylated isoflavone puerarin coordinates with NGF to regulate neuritogenesis via activating ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt in neurite extension process. METHODS We investigated the neuroprotective and neurotrophic activities of puerarin in MPTP-lesioned mice and dopaminergic PC12 cells. The effects of puerarin on ERK1/2, Akt, Nrf2, and HO-1 were assessed by Western blotting. The neurite outgrowth was assayed by neurite outgrowth staining kit. RESULTS Puerarin protected dopaminergic cells and ameliorated the behavioral impairments in MPTP-lesioned mice. Puerarin potentiated the effect of NGF on neuritogenesis in PC12 cells by >10-fold. Mechanistic studies revealed: (1) puerarin rapidly activated ERK1/2 and Akt, leading to the activation of Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathways; (2) ERK1/2, PI3K/Akt, and HO-1 inhibitors attenuated the neuritogenic activity of puerarin. Notably, puerarin enhanced NGF-induced neuritogenesis in a timing-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Puerarin effectively coordinated with NGF to stimulate neuritogenesis via activating ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt pathways in neurite extension process. These results demonstrated a general mechanism supporting the therapeutic application of puerarin-related compounds in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yang C, Li X, Rong J. Amygdalin isolated from Semen Persicae (Tao Ren) extracts induces the expression of follistatin in HepG2 and C2C12 cell lines. Chin Med 2014; 9:23. [PMID: 25237385 PMCID: PMC4167460 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-9-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chinese medicine formulation ISF-1 (also known as Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu-Tang) for post-stroke rehabilitation could increase the expression of growth-regulating protein follistatin by approximately 4-fold. This study aims to identify the active compounds of ISF-1 for the induction of follistatin expression. METHODS Active compounds in ISF-1 responsible for induction of follistatin were identified by a bioactivity-guided fractionation procedure involving liquid-liquid extraction, HPLC separation and RT-PCR detection. The aqueous extracts of seven ISF-1 ingredients including Semen Persicae (Tao Ren) and the S. Persicae-derived fractions were assayed for the induction of follistatin mRNA expression in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells by RT-PCR. The concentrations of isolated compounds were proportionally normalized to the reported IC50 concentration (5.8 mg/mL) of the formulation ISF-1 in HepG2. The active fractions were characterized by reverse-phase HPLC on a C18 column and identified by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Three ingredients of ISF-1, namely S. Persicae (Tao Ren), Pheretima (Di Long), and Flos Carthami (Hong Hua), induced the expression of follistatin mRNA. Among these, the ingredient S. Persicae were the most active, and amygdalin from S. Persicae extract was identified as a novel follistatin inducer. Amygdalin stimulated the growth of skeletal muscle cell line C2C12 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Amygdalin isolated from S. Persicae extract in ISF-1 through a bioactivity-guided fractionation procedure induced the expression of follistatin in HepG2 and C2C12 cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbin Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhui Rong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chinese herbal medicine formula Tao Hong Si Wu decoction protects against cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury via PI3K/Akt and the Nrf2 signaling pathway. J Nat Med 2014; 69:76-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-014-0865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
50
|
Bioactivity-guided fractionation identifies amygdalin as a potent neurotrophic agent from herbal medicine Semen Persicae extract. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:306857. [PMID: 25050339 PMCID: PMC4094722 DOI: 10.1155/2014/306857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicine Semen Persicae is widely used to treat blood stasis in Chinese medicine and other oriental folk medicines. Although little is known about the effects of Semen Persicae and its active compounds on neuron differentiation, our pilot study showed that Semen Persicae extract promoted neurite outgrowth in rat dopaminergic PC12 cells. In the present study, we developed a bioactivity-guided fractionation procedure for the characterization of the neurotrophic activity of Semen Persicae extract. The resultant fractions were assayed for neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells based on microscopic assessment. Through liquid-liquid extraction and reverse phase HPLC separation, a botanical glycoside amygdalin was isolated as the active compound responsible for the neurotrophic activity of Semen Persicae extract. Moreover, we found that amygdalin rapidly induced the activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). A specific ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 attenuated the stimulatory effect of amygdalin on neurite outgrowth. Taken together, amygdalin was identified as a potent neurotrophic agent from Semen Persicae extract through a bioactivity-guided fractional procedure. The neurotrophic activity of amygdalin may be mediated by the activation of ERK1/2 pathway.
Collapse
|