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Zhou X, Qin M, He L, Zhang Y, Liu A, Chen D, Pan H. Geraniin restricts inflammasome activation and macrophage pyroptosis by preventing the interaction between ASC and NLRP3 to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111656. [PMID: 38340422 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Geraniin, a chemical component of the traditional Chinese medicine geranii herba, possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. However, its anti-inflammatory role in managing NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis remains to be elucidated. To investigate the anti-inflammation mechanism of geraniin, LPS-primed macrophages were incubated with classical activators of NLRP3 inflammasome (such as ATP, Nigericin, or MSU crystals), and MSU crystals were injected into the ankle joints of mice to establish an acute gouty arthritis model. The propidium iodide (PI) staining results showed that geraniin could restrain cell death in the ATP- or nigericin-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Geraniin decreased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and interleukin (IL)-1β from cytoplasm to cell supernatant. Geraniin also inhibited the expression of caspase-1 p20, IL-1β in cell supernatant and N-terminal of gasdermin D (GSDMD-NT) while blocking the oligomerization of ASC to form speck. The inhibitory effects of geraniin on caspase-1 p20, IL-1β, GSDMD-NT, and ASC speck were not observed in NLRP3 knockout (NLRP3-/-) BMDMs. Hence, the resistance of geraniin to inflammasome and pyroptosis was contingent upon NLRP3 presence. Geraniin reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and maintained mitochondrial membrane potential while preventing interaction between ASC and NLRP3 protein. Additionally, geraniin diminished MSU crystal-induced mouse ankle joint swelling and IL-1β expression. Geraniin blocked the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages to the synovium of joints. Our results demonstrate that geraniin prevents the assembly of ASC and NLRP3 through its antioxidant effect, thereby inhibiting inflammasome activation, pyroptosis, and IL-1β release to provide potential insights for gouty arthritis targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Research Centre for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Minyan Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Research Centre for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Leran He
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Research Centre for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Research Centre for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Aijun Liu
- Research Centre for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Research Centre for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Research Centre for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Kim M, Yuk HJ, Min Y, Kim DS, Sung YY. Securinega suffruticosa extract alleviates atopy-like lesions in NC/Nga mice via inhibition of the JAK1-STAT1/3 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115903. [PMID: 37979381 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Securinega suffruticosa (SS) has well-known antioxidant, anti-vascular inflammation, and anti-bone resorption effects; however, the effects of SS in atopic dermatitis (AD) remain unknown. We examined the effects of SS on AD via application of Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DfE) to the ears and skin of NC/Nga mice. As a result of SS administration, DfE-induced AD mice had reduced ear thickness, epidermal thickness, scratching behavior, and transepidermal water loss. The serum levels of immunoglobulin E and thymic interstitial lymphopoietin (TSLP) were reduced by SS application. SS decreased mast cell and eosinophil recruitment to skin lesions. Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activation of transcription (STAT)1, STAT3, and Janus kinase 1 were reduced in the skin tissue of SS-administered mice, and downregulated filaggrin was restored. SS reduced the levels of interleukin-6, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted chemokine, and TSLP in interferon-γ/tumor necrosis factor-α-induced keratinocytes. The main components of SS were rutin and geraniin. These study results indicated that SS extract attenuated AD and has potential as a therapeutic natural product candidate for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea
| | - Heung Joo Yuk
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea
| | - Yueun Min
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea; Korean Convergence Medical Science Major KIOM, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, South Korea
| | - Dong-Seon Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea; Korean Convergence Medical Science Major KIOM, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, South Korea.
| | - Yoon-Young Sung
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea.
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Zhang L, Yan Q, Zhang W, Li X, Zhang X, Du S, Hua X, Lin J, Shu G, Peng G, Tan Z, Fu H. Enhancement of the functionality of attenuating acute lung injury by a microemulsion formulation with volatile oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma encapsulated. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Geraniin ameliorates streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats via modulating retinal inflammation and oxidative stress. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Galli C, Sala R, Colangelo MT, Guizzardi S. Tamquam alter idem: formal similarities in a subset of reports on anti-inflammatory compounds in the years 2008–2019. Scientometrics 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-022-04434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA literature search on the in vitro testing of anti-inflammatory compounds of natural origin revealed a considerable number of studies adopting a similar template for data reporting in the years up to 2019. Sixty-five such reports appear to have been published between the years 2008 and 2019. Interestingly, this format template was clearly recognizable by a few hallmarks, such as a precise way of plotting cell viability data, extremely consistent endpoints, and the way these were graphically represented. In some instances the similarities extended to some textual features, such as in the case of figure legends. The similarity was so high that chance can be excluded and these studies can be safely assumed to have intentionally followed a template. By 2020, however, no new reports following this format have been published. Although a consistent and reproducible formatting for data reporting may improve report readability, this phenomenon should also be closely scrutinized to assess the rationale why it occurred, the validity of the endpoints that were chosen and why it was then abandoned. The present report reviewed the mean features of this format, traced its origin and its evolution over time, while discussing the limitations of this model.
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He C, Chen J, Liu J, Li Y, Zhou Y, Mao T, Li Z, Qin X, Jin S. Geranium wilfordii maxim.: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control and toxicology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114907. [PMID: 34896206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Geranium wilfordii Maxim. (family Geraniaceae) has been used as a multifunctional ethnomedicine in China for more than 600 years. There have been records about the edible and medicinal use of G.wilfordii since the Ming Dynasty. Nowadays, G.wilfordii is included in Chinese Pharmacopoeia as the Geranii Herba, and has been widely used to treat rheumatism, infectious diseases, dermatosis and tumors. In addition, more than 30 kinds of Chinese patent medicines containing G.wilfordii have been marketed in China for its high medicinal value. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present review systematically summarized the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control and toxicology of G.wilfordii, discussed the development potential of this plant and analyzed the shortcomings of existing research, in order to provide comprehensive scientific basis for the medical application and help interested researchers discover safe and medicinal natural products from G.wilfordii. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a systematic search of G.wilfordii by collecting the publications between 1995 and 2021 via PubMed, Web of Science, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database, Wanfang database and other databases using the keywords including Geranium wilfordii Maxim., botany, traditional uses, Chinese patent medicines, patents, preparations, phytochemistry, biological activity, quality and toxicity. Besides, part of the information also came from Chinese botanical and medical monographs. RESULTS So far, more than 90 components have been identified from G.wilfordii, among which tannins as well as flavonoids have attracted widespread concerns. Due to the multi-components nature, a wide range of beneficial biological activities of G.wilfordii have been demonstrated, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-tumor, antioxidative, hepatoprotective, gastrointestinal protective, immunoregulatory and uric acid-lowering effects. CONCLUSION A long history of traditional uses and abundant pharmacochemical and pharmacological studies have shown that G.wilfordii is an important natural medicine, which exerts outstanding therapeutic effects especially in anti-inflammation and anti-microorganisms. However, the present researches on the active ingredients and the mechanism of action are not in-depth enough, and more evidence-based scientific studies are needed to lend credence to the traditional uses of G.wilfordii. Additionally, limited toxicology tests cannot objectively evaluate the safety of G.wilfordii, which needs to be further supplemented. Further, more attention needs to be paid to the selection of index components of quality control research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Junyu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yujiao Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ting Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zulun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xuhua Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Shenrui Jin
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Yu WD, Jin QY, Zeng MS, Liu JY, Xu PP. Geraniin as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6060-6063. [PMID: 35200071 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2043308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Geraniin is a polyphenolic compound first isolated from Geranium thunbergii. The major protease (Mpro), namely 3 C-like protease (3CLpro), of coronaviruses is considered an attractive drug target as it is essential for the processing and maturation of viral polyproteins. Thus, our primary goal is to explore the efficiency of geraniin on 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 using the computational biology strategy. In this work, we studied the anti-coronavirus effect of geraniin in vitro and its potential inhibitory mode against the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2. We found that geraniin inhibited HCoV-OC43 coronavirus-infected cells during the attachment and penetration phases. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations exhibited that geraniin had a strong binding affinity and high stable binding to 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2. Geraniin showed a strong inhibitory activity on coronavirus and may be a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Di Yu
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Ying Jin
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Sen Zeng
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Yuan Liu
- Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Ping Xu
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Buraphaka H, Puttha W, Putalun W. Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Active Compounds Identified in Ardisia elliptica Extracts from Different Plant Parts. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100796. [PMID: 34850548 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ardisia elliptica Thunb. (AE) has been used as food and in traditional medicine to prevent and treat fever, diarrhea, chest pain, liver poisoning, and parturition complications in Southeast Asian countries. This study focused on phytochemical constituents of AE extracts and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro by evaluating nitric oxide production, and DPPH and FRAP radical scavenging activity. The bioactive compounds from different plant parts, including old leaves, young leaves, flowers, roots, and fruits, were identified. The results showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid content in the root extract among all extracts, which resulted in the most potent free radical scavenging activity revealed by the DPPH and FRAP assay. The roots and flowers showed the highest bergenin (3.36±0.22 mg/g dry weight) and quercetin (2.99±0.10 mg/g dry weight) content, respectively. In contrast, embelin was found only in the fruits. Interestingly, AE extracts significantly suppressed the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, leading to inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusively, the results suggest the natural products of AE extracts as effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents that can be utilized for food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hathairat Buraphaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Watthika Puttha
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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Structural, antioxidant, prebiotic and anti-inflammatory properties of pectic oligosaccharides hydrolyzed from okra pectin by Fenton reaction. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Zou Y, Luo X, Feng Y, Fang S, Tian J, Yu B, Li J. Luteolin prevents THP-1 macrophage pyroptosis by suppressing ROS production via Nrf2 activation. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109573. [PMID: 34217685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of numerous infectious, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases, which makes it a promising target for intervention. In this study, the effect of luteolin on pyroptosis and the underlying mechanism were investigated using the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome in THP-1 macrophages induced by LPS/ATP. The results showed that luteolin exhibited a potent preventive effect on THP-1 macrophage pyroptosis, as evidenced by the increase in cell viability and the decrease in LDH release. Moreover, luteolin was found to significantly reduce the expression of NLRP3, pro-CASP-1 and CASP-1, which are the key components of NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as the expression of N-GSDMD and IL-1β, and we proved that the inhibition of luteolin on NLRP3 inflammasome activation is ROS-dependent. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that luteolin promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation, thereby increasing the expression of HO-1 that reduces ROS production, while the anti-pyroptotic effect of luteolin was reversed by a specific Nrf2 inhibitor. Additionally, luteolin inhibited NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. In summary, we conclude that luteolin prevents THP-1 macrophage pyroptosis by suppressing ROS production via Nrf2 activation as well as NF-κB inactivation. These results support luteolin as a potential bioactive chemical against pyroptosis-related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Zou
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Shaohong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Jiangtian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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Frankova J, Juranova J, Biedermann D, Ulrichova J. Influence of silymarin components on keratinocytes and 3D reconstructed epidermis. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 74:105162. [PMID: 33839235 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Silymarin is a flavonoid complex isolated from the plant Silybum marianum which is well known for its antioxidant, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Since little is known about its anti-inflammatory properties and healing effects, our study focused on whether or not silymarin components reduce inflammation and support epidermis regeneration. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were used to induce inflammation in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and reconstructed epidermis (RHE), respectively. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8) in NHEKs and RHE was measured by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of cytokeratin 14 and loricrin in RHE was detected by immunofluorescent analysis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for the morphological evaluation of RHE. It was determined that 2, 3 - dehydrosilybin (DHSB) downregulated the production of selected pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by NHEKs. Although all layers of RHE displayed full thickness, when SDS was applied, cell detachment was seen in the stratum corneum and loricrin expression was diminished.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Frankova
- Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic..
| | - J Juranova
- Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - D Biedermann
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Biotransformation, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - J Ulrichova
- Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Kumar A, Sawhney G, Kumar Nagar R, Chauhan N, Gupta N, Kaul A, Ahmed Z, Sangwan PL, Satheesh Kumar P, Yadav G. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity of Bakuchiol using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines and in animal models stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 91:107264. [PMID: 33340782 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bakuchiol (BAK) has been reported to have a diverse pharmacological property as an antibiotic, anti-cancer, anti-hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-convulsant agent. This study aimed to elucidate the immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory mechanism of bakuchiol using lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and various animal models. The present study has shown that BAK significantly suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in a dose-dependent manner and its oral administration significantly decreased delayed hypersensitivity responses as compared to control group. The assessment of immunomodulatory activity was carried out by the testing Hemagglutinating antibody (HA) titer, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses and phagocytic index by carbon clearance test. On the other hand, it showed significant decrease in circulating antibody titer and carbon clearance assay in a concentration-dependent manner. BAK has significantly potentiated the cellular immunity as well as humoral immunity by facilitating the footpad thickness responses in sheep RBCs in sensitized mice by significantly decreasing circulating antibody titer. Molecular studies revealed that BAK inhibited the activation of upstream mediator nuclear factor-κB by suppressing the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65. The responses were statistically significant as compared with the control (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Gifty Sawhney
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Nagar
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Narendra Chauhan
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Anpurna Kaul
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - P L Sangwan
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - P Satheesh Kumar
- Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Govind Yadav
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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Lin Y, Zhang M, Wang L, Lin T, Wang G, Peng J, Su S. The in vitro and in vivo wound-healing effects of royal jelly derived from Apis mellifera L. during blossom seasons of Castanea mollissima Bl. and Brassica napus L. in South China exhibited distinct patterns. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:357. [PMID: 33225942 PMCID: PMC7682067 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-healing wounds have been a severe issue in the global healthcare system. Regrettably, royal jelly, a traditional remedy for various skin injuries, has not been widely applied in cutaneous wounds in clinical practice nowadays, which may be due to the confusion and the lack of knowledge about the efficacies of different types of royal jelly, the bioactive constituents, and the precise mechanisms underlying the wound repairing activity. Since the compositions and bioactivities of royal jelly are predominantly influenced by nectar plants, this study aims to explore the differences in the wound-healing properties of royal jelly produced by Apis mellifera L. during the blossom seasons of different floral sources, to provide guidelines for the future rational application of royal jelly in cutaneous wounds, and to promote the further discovery of wound repair-promoting substances. METHODS Royal jelly samples were harvested during flowering seasons of Castanea mollissima Bl. (chestnut) and Brassica napus L. (rapeseed) in South China, from which hydrophilic and lipophilic fractions were extracted. The in vivo wound-healing potential was preliminarily assessed in Wistar rats' excisional full-thickness wounds, followed by investigating the mechanisms of action through in vitro assays with human epidermal keratinocytes and LPS-stimulated inflammation in macrophages. RESULTS The results indicated that different royal jelly samples exhibited distinct wound-healing potential, in which Castanea mollissima Bl. royal jelly was more potent. It sped up wound closure between day 2 and day 4 to 0.25 cm2/day (p < 0.05), and could accelerate wound repair by enhancing the proliferative and migratory capabilities of keratinocytes by 50.9% (p < 0.001) and 14.9% (p < 0.001), modulating inflammation through inhibiting nitric oxide production by 46.2% (p < 0.001), and promoting cell growth through increasing the secretion of transforming growth factor-β by 44.7% (p < 0.001). In contrast, Brassica napus L. royal jelly could regulate inflammation by reducing the amount of tumour necrosis factor-α by 21.3% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present study improves the application of royal jelly for curing difficult-to-heal wounds, in which the hydrosoluble extract of Castanea mollissima Bl. royal jelly promises the greatest potential. It also provides clues which may lead towards the identification of substances derived from royal jelly to treat wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Apicultural Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330052, China
| | - Luying Wang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Tianxing Lin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guanggao Wang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Apicultural Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330052, China
| | - Jianhua Peng
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Songkun Su
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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14
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The anti-inflammatory potential of protein-bound anthocyanin compounds from purple sweet potato in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Carpesium cernuum L. Methanolic Extract in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:3164239. [PMID: 32848508 PMCID: PMC7439783 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3164239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A hypernomic reaction or an abnormal inflammatory process could cause a series of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Additionally, oxidative stress has been identified to induce severe tissue injury and inflammation. Carpesium cernuum L. (C. cernuum) is a Chinese folk medicine used for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and detoxifying properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of C. cernuum in inflammatory and oxidative stress conditions remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a methanolic extract of C. cernuum (CLME) on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages and a sepsis mouse model. The data presented in this study indicated that CLME inhibited LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in RAW 264.7 cells. CLME treatment also reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein in a dose-dependent manner in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, CLME treatment abolished the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), enhanced the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and reduced the expression of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and ERK kinase (MEK) phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These outcomes implied that CLME could be a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
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16
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Youn K, Jun M. Geraniin Protects PC12 Cells Against Aβ 25-35-Mediated Neuronal Damage: Involvement of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways. J Med Food 2020; 23:928-937. [PMID: 32744877 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) has been considered a critical factor that is associated with the development of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of geraniin on Aβ25-35-caused oxidative damage and neuroinflammatory response, and its underlying mechanism. Geraniin protected pheochromocytoma12 (PC12) cells from Aβ25-35-mediated cell death by reducing oxidative stress and restoring cell cycle dysregulation. Moreover, geraniin markedly attenuated Aβ-triggered DNA injury that was partially associated with decreases in caspase-3 activity. Moreover, the compound significantly downregulated the release of neuroinflammatory factors. Upregulation of nuclear factor-κB activity was suppressed by geraniin, which was due to suppression of JNK, ERK1/2, and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. This was the first study to support further understanding of geraniin as a promising agent against neurotoxicity in the reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumju Youn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Mira Jun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea.,Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Center for Silver-Targeted Biomaterials, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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17
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Kim JG, Kim MJ, Lee JS, Sydara K, Lee S, Byun S, Jung SK. Smilax guianensis Vitman Extract Prevents LPS-Induced Inflammation by Inhibiting the NF-κB Pathway in RAW 264.7 Cells. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:822-829. [PMID: 32238770 PMCID: PMC9728178 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1911.11042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceutical treatments can reduce inflammation and prevent the development of inflammatory diseases. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of Smilax guianensis Vitman extract (SGE) were examined. SGE suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated nitrite production in RAW 264.7 cells. SGE also prevented the LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) but not cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Western blot analysis showed that SGE attenuated LPS-induced phosphorylation of IκB kinase (IKK), inhibitor of kappa B (IκB), and p65. Additionally, SGE inhibited LPS-induced IκB degradation in RAW 264.7 cells. Western blot analysis of the cytosolic and nuclear fractions, as well as immunofluorescence assay results, revealed that SGE suppressed LPS-induced p65 nuclear translocation in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, SGE reduced LPS-induced interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA expression and IL-1β and IL-6 protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Collectively, these results indicate that SGE suppresses the NF-κB signaling pathway and thereby inhibits the production of NO, IL-1β, and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Gyeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Su Lee
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 01, Republic of Korea
| | - Kongmany Sydara
- Ministry of Health, Institute of Traditional Medicine, Vientiane 116, Lao PDR
| | - Sangwoo Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 311, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanguine Byun
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea,Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 415, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-53-950-7764 Fax: +82-53-950-7762 E-mail:
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18
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Hu X, Yu Q, Hou K, Ding X, Chen Y, Xie J, Nie S, Xie M. Regulatory effects of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharides on LPS-induced inflammatory macrophages model and intestinal-like Caco-2/macrophages co-culture inflammation model. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 140:111321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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19
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Neochlorogenic Acid Extract from Mulberry Leaf ( Morus alba L.) Against LPS-Stimulated Inflammatory Response through Mediating the AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in A549 Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061385. [PMID: 32197466 PMCID: PMC7144357 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neochlorogenic acid (nCGA) is a phenolic compound isolated from mulberry leaf (Morus alba L.), which possesses multiple pharmacological activities containing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of nCGA in the treatment of acute pneumonia and the underlying molecular mechanism are still unclear. Hence, the aim of study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of nCGA on LPS-stimulated inflammation in A549 cells. In the present study, results reported that nCGA without cytotoxicity significantly reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and NO, and further suppressed the proteins of iNOS, COX2, TNF-α, IL-6 expression. Furthermore, nCGA also inhibited NF-κB activation and blocked MAPKs signaling pathway phosphorylation. In addition, we found nCGA significantly increased the expression of HO-1 via activating the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway to attenuate the inflammatory response, whereas this protective effect of nCGA was reversed by pre-treatment with compound C (C.C, an AMPK inhibitor). Therefore, all these results indicated that nCGA might act as a natural anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of acute pneumonia.
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20
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Costa TEMM, Raghavendra NM, Penido C. Natural heat shock protein 90 inhibitors in cancer and inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 189:112063. [PMID: 31972392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP)90 is the most abundant HSPs, which are chaperone molecules whose major roles are cell protection and maintenance by means of aiding the folding, the stabilization and the remodeling of a wide range of proteins. A few hundreds of proteins depend on HSP90 chaperone activity, including kinases and transcriptional factors that play essential roles in cancer and inflammation, so that HSP90-targeted therapies have been considered as a potential strategy for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory-associated diseases. HSP90 inhibition by natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic compounds have yield promising results in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials for different types of cancers and inflammation. Natural products are a huge source of biologically active compounds widely used in drug development due to the great diversity of their metabolites which are capable to modulate several protein functions. HSP90 inhibitors have been isolated from bacteria, fungi and vegetal species. These natural compounds have a noteworthy ability to modulate HSP90 activity as well as serve as scaffolds for the development of novel synthetic or semi-synthetic inhibitors. Over a hundred clinical trials have evaluated the effect of HSP90 inhibitors as adjuvant treatment against different types of tumors and, currently, new studies are being developed to gain sight on novel promising and more effective approaches for cancer treatment. In this review, we present the naturally occurring HSP90 inhibitors and analogues, discussing their anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thadeu E M M Costa
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Institute of Drug Technology, Farmanguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Nulgumnalli Manjunathaiah Raghavendra
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya and BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, 560090, India.
| | - Carmen Penido
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-361, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Institute of Drug Technology, Farmanguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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21
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Thitilertdecha N, Chaiwut P, Saewan N. In vitro antioxidant potential of Nephelium lappaceum L. rind extracts and geraniin on human epidermal keratinocytes. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Liu WH, Shi LS, Chung MC, Chang TC, Lee SY. Antcamphin M Inhibits TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Responses by Upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway and Suppressing the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway in Macrophages. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:1611-1626. [PMID: 31645125 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The medicinal mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the bioactive compounds in A. cinnamomea need further investigation. The present study aimed to understand the mechanism of action of antcamphin M, an ergostanoid isolated from A. cinnamomea mycelium and to clarify its underlying mechanisms of action. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with the indicated concentrations of antcamphin M, prior to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell viability, production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytokines, and chemokines, as well as the inflammation-related signaling pathways were investigated. The study revealed that antcamphin M significantly decreased the LPS-induced production of NO, PGE2, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and keratinocyte chemoattractant CXCL1 (KC), along with the levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins without significant cytotoxicity, indicating it had a better anti-inflammatory activity than that of gisenoside Rb1 and Rg1. Additionally, antcamphin M significantly inhibited the activation of MAPKs (p38, ERK, and JNK), NFκB, and components of the NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1) signaling pathways and also increased the levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These findings suggest that antcamphin M possesses potent anti-inflammatory activities and could be a potential candidate for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiu Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Shian Shi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chieh Chung
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Chung Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Wang D, Dong X, Wang B, Liu Y, Li S. Geraniin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice by Inhibiting Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10079-10088. [PMID: 31461286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Geraniin has been reported to possess potent anti-inflammatory properties and to modulate the macrophage polarization. This study sought to evaluate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of geraniin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and neurobiological alternations as well as cognitive impairment. Daily intragastrical administration with geraniin (20 mg kg-1 day-1) for 14 days significantly prolonged the duration in the target quadrant (26.53 ± 2.03 versus 37.09 ± 3.27%; p < 0.05) and increased crossing-target number (1.93 ± 0.22 versus 3.08 ± 0.17; p < 0.01) in the probe test of LPS-treated mice. Geraniin also ameliorated LPS-elicited neural/synaptic impairments and decreased levels of LPS-induced Aβ generation (p < 0.05), amyloid precursor protein (APP) (p < 0.05) and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, geraniin suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (9.85 ± 0.58 versus 5.20 ± 0.52 pg/mg of protein; p < 0.01), interleukin (IL)-1β (16.31 ± 0.67 versus 8.62 ± 0.46 pg/mg of protein; p < 0.01), and IL-6 (12.12 ± 0.45 versus 7.43 ± 0.32 pg/mg of protein; p < 0.05), and inhibited glial cell activation. Moreover, geraniin effectively polarized the microglia toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Further study revealed that geraniin targeted toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated signaling and decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV-2 microglial cells. These results indicate that geraniin mitigates LPS-elicited neural/synaptic neurodegeneration, amyloidogenesis, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment and suggest geraniin as a therapeutic option for neuroinflammation-associated neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease.
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24
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Gong Q, Xue Y, Li X, Song L, Zhu L. DL-3-n-butylphthalide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via SIRT1-dependent and -independent regulation of Nrf2. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105658. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Zhang SD, Wang P, Zhang J, Wang W, Yao LP, Gu CB, Efferth T, Fu YJ. 2′O-galloylhyperin attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury via up-regulation antioxidation and inhibition of inflammatory responses in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 304:20-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Abdul Ahmad SA, Palanisamy UD, Khoo JJ, Dhanoa A, Syed Hassan S. Efficacy of geraniin on dengue virus type-2 infected BALB/c mice. Virol J 2019; 16:26. [PMID: 30813954 PMCID: PMC6391806 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue continues to be a major international public health concern. Despite that, there is no clinically approved antiviral for treatment of dengue virus (DENV) infections. In this study, geraniin extracted from the rind of Nephelium lappaceum was shown to inhibit the replication of DENV-2 in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. METHODS The effect of geraniin on DENV-2 RNA synthesis in infected Vero cells was tested using quantitative RT-PCR. The in vivo efficacy of geraniin in inhibiting DENV-2 infection was then tested using BALB/c mice with geraniin administered at three different times. The differences in spleen to body weight ratio, DENV-2 RNA load and liver damage between the three treatment groups as compared to DENV-2 infected mice without geraniin administration were determined on day eight post-infection. RESULTS Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the decrease in viral RNA synthesis of infected Vero cells when treated with geraniin. Geraniin seemed to provide a protective effect on infected BALB/c mice liver when given at 24 h pre- and 24 h post-infection as liver damage was observed to be very mild even though a significant reduction of DENV-2 RNA load in serum was not observed in these two treatment groups. However, when administered at 72 h post-infection, severe liver damage in the form of necrosis and haemorrhage had prevailed despite a substantial reduction of DENV-2 RNA load in serum. CONCLUSIONS Geraniin was found to be effective in reducing DENV-2 RNA load when administered at 72 h post-infection while earlier administration could prevent severe liver damage caused by DENV-2 infection. These results provide evidence that geraniin is a potential candidate for the development of anti-dengue drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Aisyah Abdul Ahmad
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Uma D Palanisamy
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Joon Joon Khoo
- Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 8, Jalan Masjid Abu Bakar, 80100, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Amreeta Dhanoa
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Syed Hassan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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27
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Zang J, Ma S, Wang C, Guo G, Zhou L, Tian X, Lv M, Zhang J, Han B. Screening for active constituents in Turkish galls against ulcerative colitis by mass spectrometry guided preparative chromatography strategy: in silico, in vitro and in vivo study. Food Funct 2019; 9:5124-5138. [PMID: 30256363 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01439f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Turkish galls have been reported to exhibit remedial effects in ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the active constituents of Turkish galls for the treatment of UC remain unclear. The objective of this study was to screen for anti-inflammatory active constituents and clarify their associated molecular mechanisms. Therefore, systems pharmacology was developed to predict the relationship between constituents and the corresponding targets as well as pathways. In addition, mass spectrometry-guided preparative chromatography technique was used for preparing constituents to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities and the therapeutic efficacy against UC. In silico, active constituents exhibited a remedial effect on UC possibly by regulating multiple pathways and attacking multiple targets, of which those involved mainly in the NF-κB pathway were selected for verification. In vitro, 5 categories of constituents were screened as active constituents by comparing the cytotoxicity and detecting the level of the pro-inflammatory factors of 9 category constituents. In vivo, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC was significantly ameliorated in active constituents-fed mice. The results indicated that the active fraction comprising methyl gallate, digallic acid, di-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, and tri-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose primarily contributed to the treatment of UC. Moreover, active fraction could also inhibit the phosphorylation level of IKKβ, thus inhibiting the downstream NF-κB signaling pathway. The approach developed in this study not only clarifies the anti-inflammation effect of Turkish galls but also provides a beneficial reference for the discovery of the base material and functional mechanism of this herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Process of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan/School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Shihezi 832003, P. R. China.
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28
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Abekura F, Park J, Kwak CH, Ha SH, Cho SH, Chang YC, Ha KT, Chang HW, Lee YC, Chung TW, Kim CH. Esculentoside B inhibits inflammatory response through JNK and downstream NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-triggered murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 68:156-163. [PMID: 30639961 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Natural compound esculentoside B (EsB), (2S,4aR,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2 methoxycarbonyl-2,6a,6b,9,12a-pentamethyl-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid with molecular weight of 664.833, isolated from roots of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb has been widely used as a constituent of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the anti-inflammatory capacity of EsB has not been reported yet. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate anti-inflammatory activities of EsB in LPS-treated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. EsB could inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production. EsB also suppressed gene and protein expression levels of inducible isoform of NO synthase (NOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, EsB decreased gene expression and protein secretion levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. EsB remarkably suppressed nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) from cytosolic space. Phosphorylation of IκB was also inhibited by EsB. Moreover, EsB specifically down-regulated phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), but not p-p38 or phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2). Taken together, these results suggest that EsB has inhibitory effect on inflammatory response by inactivating NF-κB and p-JNK. It could be used as a new modulatory drug for effective treatment of inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukushi Abekura
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Park
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Hwan Kwak
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea; Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan City, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hyung Ha
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hak Cho
- Division of Enteric Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 363-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chae Chang
- Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan City, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeun-Wook Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 701-947, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Choon Lee
- Faculty of Medicinal Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Saha-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Wook Chung
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan City, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Cheng J, Wang H, Zhang Z, Liang K. Stilbene glycoside protects osteoblasts against oxidative damage via Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:196-203. [PMID: 30697271 PMCID: PMC6348355 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.79937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress is currently proposed as a risk factor associated with the development and progression of osteoporosis. Here, the effect of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glycoside (THSG) on oxidative damage was investigated in an osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cell model. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (100 µM) and THSG (20, 50 and 100 μM), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). ROS and MDA levels were measured using specific kits. Meanwhile, cell viability and apoptosis were also assessed using MTT methods and flow cytometry, respectively. Then, expression levels of Nrf2 and its downstream targets were determined using real-time PCR and western blotting, as well as the apoptosis related factors, including Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9. RESULTS Upon H2O2 treatment, cell viability was significantly decreased, while THSG clearly attenuated this decrease in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the negative control, H2O2 significantly decreased ALP and increased the levels of MDA, ROS and apoptosis, while THSG markedly reversed these effects in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, THSG was identified to reverse the elevation of caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax and the reduction of Bcl-2 induced by H2O2. For the Nrf2 signaling pathway, THSG was also observed to attenuate the up-regulation of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1, and the down-regulation of NF-κB induced by H2O2. CONCLUSIONS THSG could significantly attenuate oxidative damage induced by H2O2 via the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway, providing new insights for treatments of osteoporosis induced by oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cheng
- The First Department of Orthopedics Ward, First People’s Hospital of Yuyao, Yuyao, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- Department of Tumor Surgery, First Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- The First Department of Orthopedics Ward, First People’s Hospital of Yuyao, Yuyao, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keyong Liang
- The First Department of Orthopedics Ward, First People’s Hospital of Yuyao, Yuyao, Zhejiang, China
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Nam HH, Nan L, Choo BK. Dichloromethane Extracts of Geranium Koreanum Kom. Alleviates Esophagus Damage in Acute Reflux Esophagitis-Induced Rats by Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113622. [PMID: 30453554 PMCID: PMC6274961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a gastrointestinal disease caused by the reflux of gastric acid and stomach contents, and it leads to esophageal damage. Therefore, it is necessary to study the improvement of esophageal damage on a RE-induced model. The present study was accomplished to demonstrate the protective effects of a dichloromethane fraction of Geranium koreanum (DGK) plant on esophageal damage in an acute RE rat model. First, we examined the potential of anti-inflammatory effects of various fractions measured by cell cytotoxicity, morphological changes and nitric oxide (NO) production on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. Then, to evaluate the protective effects on RE, rats were partitioned into the following groups: normal control, RE-induced control and RE rats pre-treated with DGK 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. The esophageal mucosal ulcer ratio was measured by the Image J program and histological changes were examined using a hematoxylin and eosin staining of the esophageal mucosa. The expression of pro-inflammatory proteins, cytokines and tight junction proteins involved in the esophageal mucosal damage were investigated using Western blotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit with esophagus tissue. DGK chemical profile and phenolic contents were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results showed that DGK exhibited anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-stimulated cells by significantly inhibiting NO production. Additionally, the results in vivo showed that improvement effects of DGK on esophageal mucosal damage. The expression of inflammatory proteins involved in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways and tight junction protein (claudin-4 and -5) were significantly decreased in esophageal mucosa. We found the potential of DGK as source of replacement therapy products for inflammatory and RE disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Hwa Nam
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Li Nan
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Byung Kil Choo
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
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Yen IC, Shi LS, Chung MC, Ahmetaj-Shala B, Chang TC, Lee SY. Antrolone, a Novel Benzoid Derived from Antrodia cinnamomea, Inhibits the LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells by Balancing the NF-κB and Nrf2 Pathways. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1297-1313. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Antrodia cinnamomea, a medicinal mushroom, has previously demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity, although the specific compound responsible for the effect remains unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory property of antrolone, a novel benzoid derived from A. cinnamomea mycelium, and to clarify the underlying mechanisms of action. To this end, murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells were treated with antrolone (0.1–30[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M) 30[Formula: see text]min prior to stimulation with lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 0.1[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/ml) for 24[Formula: see text]h. Cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and the signaling pathways involved in the inflammatory cascades were then investigated. Our results show that antrolone significantly decreased LPS-induced NO, PGE2, pro-inflammatory cytokine, and keratinocyte chemoattractant CXCL1 (KC) production and reduced levels of the proteins inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). These effects were independent of the effect of antrolone on macrophage cytotoxicity. Moreover, antrolone significantly inhibited the activation of the NF[Formula: see text]B, MAPK, and AKT pathways, while it increased nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels. Our findings suggest that antrolone exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity and may, therefore, be a lead compound for the development of an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chuan Yen
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Shian Shi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chieh Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Tsu-Chung Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Metal Chelating, Inhibitory DNA Damage, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Phenolics from Rambutan ( Nephelium lappaceum) Peel and the Quantifications of Geraniin and Corilagin. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092263. [PMID: 30189625 PMCID: PMC6225213 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas the preparation and biological properties of rambutan peel phenolics (RPP) were explored in our previous studies, the metal chelating, inhibitory DNA damage, and anti-inflammatory activities of RPP were evaluated and the important phenolics of RPP quantified in this study. Results showed that RPP had high Fe2+ and Cu2+-chelating activities with EC50 of 0.80 mg/mL and 0.13 mg/mL, respectively. RPP effectively decreased the production of hydroxyl radical with IC50 of 62.4 μg/mL. The protective effects of RPP against AAPH-induced DNA damage were also explored. RPP efficiently inhibited peroxyl radical-induced plasmid DNA strand breakage. The anti-inflammatory effects of RPP were determined using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cell model. RPP significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and controlled the levels of inducible NO synthase mRNA in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibitory activity increased in a dose-dependent manner. The above bioactivity of RPP was associated with its phenolic content and phenolic profiles. Furthermore, the contents of geraniin and corilagin in RPP were determined by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadruple mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS), showing 140.02 and 7.87 mg/g extract dry weight. Thus, RPP has potential applications as a novel nutraceutical and functional food in health promotion.
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of a Polyphenol-Enriched Fraction from Acalypha wilkesiana on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7858094. [PMID: 30159118 PMCID: PMC6109486 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7858094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A polyphenol-enriched fraction (PEF) from Acalypha wilkesiana, whose leaves have been traditionally utilized for the treatment of diverse medical ailments, was investigated for the anti-inflammatory effect and molecular mechanisms by using lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and acetaminophen- (APAP-) induced liver injury mouse model. Results showed that PEF significantly attenuated LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. PEF also reduced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, PEF potently inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) as well as the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by preventing the degradation of inhibitor κB-α (IκB-α). In vivo, PEF pretreatment ameliorated APAP-induced liver injury and hepatic inflammation, as presented by decreased hepatic damage indicators and proinflammatory factors at both plasma and gene levels. Additionally, PEF pretreatment remarkably diminished Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and TLR4 expression and the subsequent MAPKs and NF-κB activation. HPLC analysis revealed that two predominantly polyphenolic compounds present in PEF were geraniin and corilagin. These results indicated that PEF has an anti-inflammatory effect, and its molecular mechanisms may be involved in the inactivation of the TLR/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting the therapeutic potential of PEF for inflammatory diseases.
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Wang P, Gao C, Guo N, Zhang SD, Wang W, Yao LP, Zhang J, Efferth T, Fu YJ. 2'- O-Galloylhyperin Isolated From Pyrola incarnata Fisch. Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response by Activation of SIRT1/Nrf2 and Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathways in Vitro and Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:679. [PMID: 29997508 PMCID: PMC6030669 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
2′-O-galloylhyperin, a major compound of Pyrola incarnata Fisch., possesses a variety of biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms of 2′-O-GH in microbial infection and sepsis are not clear. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of 2′-O-GH. We found that 2′-O-GH significantly reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and nitric oxide (NO), suppressed the expression levels of iNOS, blocked the translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to nucleus, and decreased the MAPK activation in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. 2′-O-GH also enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and up-regulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and SIRT1. In addition, the administration of 2′-O-GH attenuated the TNF-α and IL-6 production in the serum, infiltration of inflammatory cells, liver tissue damage, and the mortality rate of LPS-challenged mice. Moreover, 2′-O-GH significantly upregulated Nrf2 and SIRT1 expression and inhibited the inflammatory responses in the liver of septic mice. The collective data indicate that 2′-O-GH could potentially be a novel functional food candidate in the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Chang Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Na Guo
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Sun-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Li-Ping Yao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yu-Jie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Pompermaier L, Marzocco S, Adesso S, Monizi M, Schwaiger S, Neinhuis C, Stuppner H, Lautenschläger T. Medicinal plants of northern Angola and their anti-inflammatory properties. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:26-36. [PMID: 29355707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE 32 plants, from which 30 are used in local traditional medicine - identified by interviews with the resident population - in the province of Uíge in northern Angola for the treatment of inflammation related disorders, were screened on different anti-inflammatory parameters. Three extracts were selected for a detailed ethnobotanical, pharmacological and phytochemical investigation based on their in vitro activity. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to assess the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of these plants and highlight the active principles of the three most promising candidates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant material was collected in northern Angola during eight field trips from 2013 to 2015 based on data documented in 61 interviews with 142 local informants. 36 methanol (MeOH) extracts were prepared and tested at different concentrations (100, 50, 10µg/mL) to evaluate their inhibition on cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression and on nitric oxide (NO) release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated J774A.1 macrophages. Five selected extracts were additionally tested at the lower concentrations of 5, 2.5, and 1.25µg/mL and for their potential on inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) release. The major compounds of three of those five extracts were either identified by HPLC coupled with (tandem) mass spectrometry and comparison with data from literature or isolated from the respective extracts and confirmed by NMR experiments (one and two dimensional). RESULTS 30 plant species with in total 161 citations were mentioned by the informants to have anti-inflammatory properties. The predominantly used plant part is the leaf (39%), followed by underground organs like roots and rhizomes (25%), bark (18%) as well as fruits and seeds with 15%. With 47%, decoction is the most frequent preparation form. A large number of the MeOH extracts showed promising activities in our preliminary screening for the inhibition of COX-2 expression and NO release. Five extracts with high activities in both assays showed also concentration dependent inhibition at lower concentrations and a decreased release of two additional pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-6 and TNF-α) vs. LPS. Three leaf extracts where chosen for a detailed investigation, which lead to the identification of several constituents: verbascoside and isoverbascoside (Acanthus montanus), geraniin, chebulagic acid and a large flavonoid fraction (Alchornea cordifolia) as well as the four flavonoids astilbin, isovitexin, isoorientin and swertisin (Chaetocarpus africanus). Their implication in the observed biological activity was proved by comparison with published data of these compounds in identical or similar pharmacological models. CONCLUSIONS The indigenous use of these plants against inflammation related ailments could be - at least partly - verified by our in vitro models for many of the investigated extracts. Acanthus montanus and Alchornea cordifolia particularly stood out with their high activity in all four performed assays, which was in accordance with pharmacological studies of their major constituents in literature. In addition, this study was the first phytochemical investigation of Chaetocarpus africanus and first description of the occurrence of the ellagitannins geraniin and chebulagic acid in Alchornea cordifolia. These results support the traditional use and should encourage further investigations of medicinal plants of northern Angola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pompermaier
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Simona Adesso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Mawunu Monizi
- University of Kimpa Vita, Province of Uíge, Rua Henrique Freitas No. 1, Bairro Popular, Uíge, Angola
| | - Stefan Schwaiger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Christoph Neinhuis
- Department of Biology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Seminar Building SE II 215 A, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thea Lautenschläger
- Department of Biology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Seminar Building SE II 215 A, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Chlorogenic acid prevents diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation through modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-ĸB pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 54:245-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Lee SY, Chen PY, Lin JC, Kirkby NS, Ou CH, Chang TC. Melaleuca alternifolia Induces Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression in Murine RAW264.7 Cells through Activation of the Nrf2-ARE Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:1631-1648. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Melaleuca alternifolia concentrate (MAC) is the refined essential oil of the Australian native plant Melaleuca alternifolia. MAC has been reported to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both murine RAW264.7 macrophages and human monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the mechanisms involved in this effect remain unclear. This study aims to delineate the molecular mechanisms that drive the anti-inflammatory activity of MAC and its active component, terpinen-4-ol, in macrophages. The effects of MAC on RAW264.7 cells were studied using western blotting, real-time PCR, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and NF-[Formula: see text]B luciferase reporter assays. Our results showed that MAC significantly increased both the mRNA and protein levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) via p38 and JNK MAPK activation. In addition, we showed that MAC significantly increased the activation and nuclear translocation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor regulating HO-1 induction. MAC was also associated with significant inhibition of iNOS expression, NO production, and NF-[Formula: see text]B activation. HO-1 was required for these anti-inflammatory effects as tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPPIX), an HO-1 inhibitor, abolished the effects of MAC on LPS-induced iNOS, NO, and NF-[Formula: see text]B activation. Our results indicate that MAC induces HO-1 expression in murine macrophages via the p38 MAPK and JNK pathways and that this induction is required for its anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nicholas S. Kirkby
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ching-Huei Ou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Chung Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Venkatesan T, Park EJ, Choi YW, Lee J, Kim YK. Anti-inflammatory activity of Ternstroemia gymnanthera stem bark extracts in bacterial lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:837-846. [PMID: 28140744 PMCID: PMC6130460 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1278778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ternstroemia gymnanthera Sprague (Theaceae) possesses various known pharmacological properties. However, its anti-inflammatory activity has not been reported. OBJECTIVE The anti-inflammatory activity of Ternstroemia gymnanthera stem bark aqueous extract (TGSBE) was evaluated using LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay after 24 h with TGSBE (25-200 μg/mL). Further testing used TGSBE at 100 and 200 μg/mL. Griess and ELISA methods after 24 h with TGSBE determined NO and cytokine levels, respectively; then, mRNA levels (iNOS & cytokines) were analyzed by Quantitative-PCR after 12 h. NF-κB and MAPK were assessed by immunoblotting after TGSBE treatment for 12 h, followed by LPS for 30 min. Immunofluorescence assay was also performed for NF-κB. ROS and MMP, after 12 h with TGSBE, were determined by flow cytometry. The antioxidant potential of TGSBE was analyzed by ABTS assay. The Folin-Ciocalteu method determined the total phenolic content of TGSBE. LPS concentration was 0.5 μg/mL. RESULTS TGSBE at 200 μg/mL showed about 96.2% viability while suppressing the production of NO (88.99%), TNFα (24.38%), IL-6 (61.70%) and IL-1β (55.12%) and gene expression by 67.88, 45.24, 65.84, and 70.48%, respectively. TGSBE decreased ROS (79.26%) and improved MMP (48.01%); it inhibited translocation of NF-κB and MAPK activation. Radical scavenging activity was 50% at 402.17 μg/mL (ascorbic acid standard: 88.8 μg/mL). Total phenolic content was 240.9 mg GAE/g. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION TGSBE suppresses the inflammatory response by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK cascades exhibiting therapeutic potential to treat inflammatory diseases associated with increased activation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamizhiniyan Venkatesan
- Department of Forest products and Biotechnology, College of Forest Science, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Park
- Department of Forest products and Biotechnology, College of Forest Science, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Woong Choi
- Department of Forest products and Biotechnology, College of Forest Science, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jennifer Lee
- Department of Forest products and Biotechnology, College of Forest Science, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Kyoon Kim
- Department of Forest products and Biotechnology, College of Forest Science, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
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Boakye YD, Groyer L, Heiss EH. An increased autophagic flux contributes to the anti-inflammatory potential of urolithin A in macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1862:61-70. [PMID: 29031765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An extract of Phyllanthus muellerianus and its constituent geraniin have been reported to exert anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. However, orally consumed geraniin, an ellagitannin, shows low bioavailability and undergoes metabolization to urolithins by gut microbiota. This study aimed at comparing geraniin and urolithin A with respect to inhibition of M1 (LPS) polarization of murine J774.1 macrophages and shedding more light on possible underlying mechanisms. METHODS Photometric, fluorimetric as well as luminescence-based assays monitored production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), cell viability or reporter gene expression. Western blot analyses and confocal microscopy showed abundance and localization of target proteins, respectively. RESULTS Urolithin A is a stronger inhibitor of M1 (LPS) macrophage polarization (production of NO, ROS and pro-inflammatory proteins) than geraniin. Urolithin A leads to an elevated autophagic flux in macrophages. Inhibition of autophagy in M1 (LPS) macrophages overcomes the suppressed nuclear translocation of p65 (NF-kB; nuclear factor kB), the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory genes as well as the diminished NO production brought about by urolithin A. The increased autophagic flux is furthermore associated with impaired Akt/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling in urolithin A-treated macrophages. CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Intestinal metabolization may boost the potential health benefit of widely consumed dietary ellagitannins, as suggested by side by side comparison of geraniin and urolithin A in M1(LPS) macrophages. Increased activity of the autophagic cellular recycling machinery aids the anti-inflammatory bioactivity of urolithin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw Duah Boakye
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Groyer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Chen C, Cao M, Wu D, Li N, Peng J, Song L, Qi P, Zhang M, Zhao J. KH-type splicing regulatory protein mediate inflammatory response in gastric epithelial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:871-878. [PMID: 28618119 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To study differential expressions of KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) and inflammatory factors and to explore the relationship between them in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced gastric epithelial cells (GES-1), cells were exposed to LPS for 24 h in the presence or absence of SC-514. Western blot and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) were used to analysis the contents of KSRP, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The results showed that LPS decreased the expression of KSRP protein in GES-1 cells, but not KSRP mRNA, while increasing the levels of iNOS and COX-2 proteins and mRNAs in GES-1cells. High expression of KSRP induced low expressions and stabilities of iNOS and COX-2 in GES-1 cells, indicated that KSRP protein presented negative correlation with iNOS and COX-2 with LPS stimulation. In conclusion, the regulation of expression of KSRP was mainly achieved through post-translational modification. KSRP protein participated in regulating the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in their transcription and translation levels. In response to LPS or gram negative pathogenic microorganism, KSRP could regulate Toll-like receptor (TLR)/ Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signal pathway in GES-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Mei Cao
- Core Laboratory, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Daoyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Ningzhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Jingshan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Liju Song
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - Mao Zhang
- Core Laboratory, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
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Wang X, Chen Z, Li X, Jiang ZK, Zhao YQ, Ping FF. Geraniin suppresses ovarian cancer growth through inhibition of NF-κB activation and downregulation of Mcl-1 expression. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2017; 31. [PMID: 28590547 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the anticancer effects of geraniin on ovarian cancer cells and the signaling pathways involved. Ovarian cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of geraniin for 48 h and examined for viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and gene expression. Xenograft tumor studies were performed to determine the anticancer activity of geraniin in vivo. Geraniin significantly decreased cancer cell viability in a concentration-dependent fashion. Geraniin significantly triggered apoptosis, which was accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and increased cytochrome c release and caspsase-3 activity. Mechanistically, geraniin significantly downregulated Mcl-1 and impaired NF-κB p65 binding to the mcl-1 promoter. Overexpression of Mcl-1 significantly reversed geraniin-induced apoptosis in OVCAR3 cells. In addition, geraniin retarded ovarian cancer growth and reduced expression of phospho-p65 and Mcl-1. Collectively, geraniin elicits growth suppression in ovarian cancer through inhibition of NF-κB and Mcl-1 and may provide therapeutic benefits for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Biotechnology Developing Center of Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Kui Jiang
- Biotechnology Developing Center of Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qiu Zhao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Feng Ping
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
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Zhu G, Xin X, Liu Y, Huang Y, Li K, Wu C. Geraniin attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2 signaling pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22835-22841. [PMID: 28423560 PMCID: PMC5410266 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Geraniin, a typical ellagitannin isolated from Phyllanthusurinaria Linn, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of the study is to investigate the therapeutic effects of geraniin on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. The mice were intranasal adminisration of LPS for 12 h. Geraniin was intra-peritoneal injection 1 h after LPS treatment. The results showed that geraniin significantly attenuated LPS-induced pathological changes in the lung. Geraniin also inhibited LPS-induced macrophages and neutrophils infiltration in the lung. Geraniin significantly attenuated LPS-induced elevation of MPO level. LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β production were markedly suppressed by treatment of geraniin. Furthermore, geraniin inhibited NF-κB activation in LPS-induced ALI. In addition, geraniin was found to up-regulate the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. In conclusion, these data suggested that geraniin had therapeutic effects in LPS-induced ALI by inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfa Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xi Xin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Keng Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Chunting Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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Ren Z, Zou W, Cui J, Liu L, Qing Y, Li Y. Geraniin suppresses tumor cell growth and triggers apoptosis in human glioma via inhibition of STAT3 signaling. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:765-773. [PMID: 28374108 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural phytochemicals are attracting increasing interest as anticancer agents. The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic potential of geraniin, a major ellagitannin extracted from Geranium sibiricum L., in human glioma. Human U87 and LN229 glioma cells were treated with different concentrations of geraniin, and cell viability, apoptosis, and gene expression were assessed. The involvement of STAT3 signaling in the action of geraniin was examined. We found that geraniin treatment for 48 h significantly (P < 0.05) impaired the phosphorylation of STAT3 and reduced the expression of downstream target genes Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, Bcl-2, and cyclin D1. Exposure to geraniin led to a concentration-dependent decline in cell viability and increase in apoptosis in glioma cells, but had no significant impact on the viability of normal human astrocytes. Measurement of caspase-3 activity showed that geraniin-treated U87 and LN229 cells showed a 1.8-2.5-fold higher caspase-3 activity than control cells. Overexpression of constitutively active STAT3 significantly (P < 0.05) reversed geraniin-mediated growth suppression and apoptosis, which was accompanied by restoration of Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, Bcl-2, and cyclin D1 expression. In an xenograft tumor mouse model, geraniin treatment significantly retarded tumor growth and induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis confirmed the suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation in glioma xenograft tumors by geraniin. Taken together, these data suggest that geraniin exerts growth-suppressive and pro-apoptotic effects on glioma cells via inhibition of STAT3 signaling and may have therapeutic benefits in malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ren
- Encephalopathy Division, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenshuang Zou
- Liver Disease Division, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Junfeng Cui
- Clinical Training Center, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Luping Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Qing
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China.
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Chloranthalactone B in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111938. [PMID: 27879664 PMCID: PMC5133933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloranthalactone B (CTB), a lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid, was obtained from the Chinese medicinal herb Sarcandra glabra, which is frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of CTB have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. CTB strongly inhibited the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. A reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay and Western blot further confirmed that CTB inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β at the transcriptional level, and decreased the luciferase activities of activator protein (AP)-1 reporter promoters. These data suggest that inhibition occurred at the transcriptional level. In addition, CTB blocked the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) but not c-Jun N-terminal kinase or extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Furthermore, CTB suppressed the phosphorylation of MKK3/6 by targeting the binding sites via formation of hydrogen bonds. Our findings clearly show that CTB inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators by inhibiting the AP-1 and p38 MAPK pathways. Therefore, CTB could potentially be used as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Xiang Q, Yu C, Zhu YF, Li CY, Tian RB, Li XH. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 antibody attenuates thermal hyperalgesia in the dorsal root ganglion: Neurochemical changes and behavioral studies after sciatic nerve-pinch injury. Injury 2016; 47:1647-54. [PMID: 27316447 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is generated in several peripheral nerve injury models.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is activated to have a role in antioxidant effect. After nerve injury, the severely painful behavior is also performed. However, little has been explored regarding the function of Nrf2 in this painful process. Therefore, in this study, we compared the effects of Nrf2 antibody administration following sciatic nerve-pinch injury on painful behavior induced in young mice and neurochemical changes in dorsal root ganglion neurons. After pinch nerve injury, we found that the magnitude of the thermal allodynia was significantly decreased after application of Nrf2 antibody (5ul, 1mg/ml) in such injured animals and phosphorylated ERK(p-ERK) as well as the apoptotic protein (i.e., Bcl-6) in DRG neurons were also down-regulated in the anti-Nrf2-treated injured groups compared to the saline-treated groups. Taken collectively, these data suggested that the Nrf2 antibody reduced thermal hyperalgesia via ERK pathway and the down regulation of Bcl-6 protein from the apoptosis pathway might be protecting against the protein deletions caused by anti-Nrf2 effect and suggested the new therapeutic strategy with Nrf2 inhibitor following nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xiang
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, 416000, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, 416000, China
| | - Yao-Feng Zhu
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, 416000, China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, 416000, China
| | - Rong-Bo Tian
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, 416000, China
| | - Xian-Hui Li
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, 416000, China.
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