1
|
De Vos N, Bruyneel M, Roman A, Antoine M, Bruyneel AV, Alard S, André S, Dahma H, Chirumberro A, Cotton F. Accuracy study of Angiotensin 1-7 composite index test to predict pulmonary fibrosis and guide treatment. Clin Chim Acta 2025; 564:119926. [PMID: 39153655 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis can develop after acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The hypothesis is we are able to measure phenotypes that lie at the origin of ARDS severity and fibrosis development. The aim is an accuracy study of prognostic circulating biomarkers. METHODS A longitudinal study followed COVID-related ARDS patients with medical imaging, pulmonary function tests and biomarker analysis, generating 444 laboratory data. Comparison to controls used non-parametrical statistics; p < 0·05 was considered significant. Cut-offs were obtained through receiver operating curve. Contingency tables revealed predictive values. Odds ratio was calculated through logistic regression. RESULTS Angiotensin 1-7 beneath 138 pg/mL defined Angiotensin imbalance phenotype. Hyper-inflammatory phenotype showed a composite index test above 34, based on high Angiotensin 1-7, C-Reactive Protein, Ferritin and Transforming Growth Factor-β. Analytical study showed conformity to predefined goals. Clinical performance gave a positive predictive value of 95 % (95 % confidence interval, 82 %-99 %), and a negative predictive value of 100 % (95 % confidence interval, 65 %-100 %). Those severe ARDS phenotypes represented 34 (Odds 95 % confidence interval, 3-355) times higher risk for pulmonary fibrosis development (p < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS Angiotensin 1-7 composite index is an early and objective predictor of ARDS evolving to pulmonary fibrosis. It may guide therapeutic decisions in targeted phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie De Vos
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Department of Clinical Chemistry, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint-Pierre, Department of Laboratory Medicine, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Marie Bruyneel
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; CHU Saint-Pierre, Department of Pulmonology, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Alain Roman
- CHU Saint-Pierre, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Mathieu Antoine
- Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Department of Clinical Chemistry, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint-Pierre, Department of Laboratory Medicine, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Anne-Violette Bruyneel
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 25 Rue des Caroubiers, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland.
| | - Stephane Alard
- CHU Saint-Pierre, Department of Radiology, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Stéphanie André
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; CHU Brugmann, Department of Pulmonology, 4 Place Arthur Van Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Hafid Dahma
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint-Pierre, Department of Laboratory Medicine, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Department of Microbiology, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Audrey Chirumberro
- CHU Saint-Pierre, Department of Pulmonology, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Frédéric Cotton
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire Bruxelles - Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Department of Clinical Chemistry, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Hôpital Erasme, Department of Laboratory Medicine, 808 Route De Lennik, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhong W, Jia H, Zhu H, Tian Y, Huang W, Yang Q. Sarcopenia is attenuated by mairin in SAMP8 mice via the inhibition of FAPs fibrosis through the AMPK-TGF-β-SMAD axis. Gene 2024; 931:148873. [PMID: 39159793 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia has become a prominent health problem among the elderly because of its adverse consequence, including physical disabilities and death. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) exhibit adipogenic and fibrogenic potencies and regulate skeletal muscle development, which plays important role in sarcopenia. Mairin, as an ingredient of Astragalus membranaceus, has the effect of anti-fibrosis. Therefore, we predicted that mairin targeted the fibrosis of FAPs and then affected sarcopenia. To verify our ideas, mairin (30 mg/kg/day or 60 mg/kg/day) was given to senescence accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice by oral administration. Aging led to loss of weight, skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, and an increase in muscle atrophy and fibrosis, while mairin administration inhibited physiological decline caused by aging. Similarly, mairin (20 μM or 40 μM) treatment enhanced FAP proliferation but blocked the differentiation into fibroblasts. Mechanically, mairin played an anti-fibrotic role via AMP-activated protein kinase-transforming growth factor beta-drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (AMPK-TGF-β-SMAD) axis, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of AMPKα and decreased TGF-β and phosphorylated-SMAD2/3. In addition, the potential target genes of mairin were explored by mRNA sequencing in our study. In conclusion, mairin may interfere with the AMPK/TGF-β/SMAD pathway to repress the fibrosis of FAPs and eventually ameliorate sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanan Jia
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- College of Geriatric Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanyuan County Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ya'an, China.
| | - Qiyue Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Carvalho MI, Silva-Carvalho R, Prada J, Pinto C, Gregório H, Lobo L, Pires I, Queiroga FL. TGFβ in malignant canine mammary tumors: relation with angiogenesis, immunologic markers and prognostic role. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-12. [PMID: 39165025 PMCID: PMC11340227 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2390941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and FoxP3 regulatory T cells (Treg) are involved in human breast carcinogenesis. This topic is not well documented in canine mammary tumors (CMT). In this work, the tumoral TGFβ expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 67 malignant CMT and its correlation to previously determined FoxP3, VEGF, and CD31 markers and other clinicopathologic parameters was evaluated. The high levels of TGFβ were statistically significantly associated with skin ulceration, tumor necrosis, high histological grade of malignancy (HGM), presence of neoplastic intravascular emboli and presence of lymph node metastases. The observed levels of TGFβ were positively correlated with intratumoral FoxP3 (strong correlation), VEGF (weak correlation) and CD31 (moderate correlation). Tumors that presented a concurrent high expression of TGFβ/FoxP3, TGFβ/VEGF, and TGFβ/CD31 markers were statistically significantly associated with parameters of tumor malignancy (high HGM, presence of vascular emboli and nodal metastasis). Additionally, shorter overall survival (OS) time was statistically significantly associated with tumors with an abundant TGFβ expression and with concurrent high expression of TGFβ/FoxP3, TGFβ/VEGF, and TGFβ/CD31. The presence of lymph node metastasis increased 11 times the risk of disease-related death, arising as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in the multivariable analysis. In conclusion, TGFβ and Treg cells seem involved in tumor progression emerging as potential therapeutic targets for future immunotherapy studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Carvalho
- MVET Research in Veterinary Medicine. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University – Lisbon Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Silva-Carvalho
- CEB – Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS – Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Justina Prada
- Veterinary and Animal Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carla Pinto
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Hugo Gregório
- Anicura Centro Hospitalar Veterinário, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis Lobo
- MVET Research in Veterinary Medicine. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University – Lisbon Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
- Onevet Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Sciences, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pires
- Veterinary and Animal Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Felisbina L. Queiroga
- Veterinary and Animal Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Sciences, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee S, Hyun J, Shin Y, Leo Goo B. Efficacy and safety of a novel monopolar radiofrequency device with a continuous water-cooling system in patients with age-related facial volume loss. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2333028. [PMID: 39069295 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2333028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esthetic radiofrequency (RF) technology has much attracted public attention with the increasing demand for skin rejuvenation. A continuous water cooling-based monopolar RF (MRF) device was designed for the first time to protect the epidermis and maximize clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE Assess the efficacy and safety of the proposed MRF device in patients with mild-to-moderate sunken cheeks and jawline laxity. METHODS Twenty-one patients underwent a single session of MRF treatment. Quantitative analysis was performed using a 3D imaging technique. Postprocedural clinical improvements were assessed with the Merz Scale. Regarding safety, adverse events (AEs), thermal sensation (TS) and pain intensity were explored. Patient satisfaction was surveyed with the Self-Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ). RESULTS The follow-up investigation demonstrated that facial volume increased across the cheek and jawline, with lifting effects throughout the treatment area. The Merz Scale assessment revealed that sunken cheeks, sagging jawlines and wrinkles were markedly improved. In addition, there were transient AEs, mild TS and moderate pain. In SAQ, 81% patients were satisfied with the procedure. CONCLUSIONS This study provided quantitative evidence for postprocedural volumetric increases along with enhanced lifting effects, strongly implying that the proposed MRF device can be an attractive option for improving facial skin volume loss and laxity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihyun Hyun
- Clinical Trial Center, Corederm Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Shin
- Clinical Trial Center, Corederm Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Boncheol Leo Goo
- Clinical Trial Center, Corederm Inc., Seoul, Korea
- Skin Rehabilitation Center, Naeum Dermatology and Aesthetics Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chang S, Lv J, Wang X, Su J, Bian C, Zheng Z, Yu H, Bao J, Xin Y, Jiang X. Pathogenic mechanisms and latest therapeutic approaches for radiation-induced lung injury: A narrative review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 202:104461. [PMID: 39103129 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of thoracic tumors with ionizing radiation can cause radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), which includes radiation pneumonitis and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Preventing RILI is crucial for controlling tumor growth and improving quality of life. However, the serious adverse effects of traditional RILI treatment methods remain a major obstacle, necessitating the development of novel treatment options that are both safe and effective. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of RILI and explores novel treatment options, including natural compounds, gene therapy, nanomaterials, and mesenchymal stem cells. These recent experimental approaches show potential as effective prevention and treatment options for RILI in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Chang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Jincai Lv
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xuanzhong Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Jing Su
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Chenbin Bian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Huiyuan Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Jindian Bao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Ying Xin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xin Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University and College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin JB, Wang YX, Fan SS, Shang WB, Zhu YS, Peng XR, Zou C, Zhang X. Geniposide ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad and p38MAPK signaling pathways. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309833. [PMID: 39240867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by inflammation and fibrotic changes, with an unknown cause. In the early stages of PF, severe inflammation leads to the destruction of lung tissue, followed by upregulation of fibrotic factors like Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which disrupt normal tissue repair. Geniposide, a natural iridoid glycoside primarily derived from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, possesses various pharmacological activities, including liver protection, choleretic effects, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of Geniposide on chronic inflammation and fibrosis induced by bleomycin (BLM) in mice with pulmonary fibrosis (PF). PF was induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin, and Geniposide(100/50/25mg•kg-1) was orally administered to the mice once a day until euthanasia(14 day/28 day). The Raw264.7 cell inflammation induced by LPS was used to evaluate the effect of Geniposide on the activation of macrophage. Our results demonstrated that Geniposide reduced lung coefficients, decreased the content of Hydroxyproline, and improved pathological changes in lung tissue. It also reduced the number of inflammatory cells and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of bleomycin-induced PF mice. At the molecular level, Geniposide significantly down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1, Smad2/3, p38, and CTGF in lung tissues of PF mice induced by bleomycin. Molecular docking results revealed that Geniposide exhibited good binding activity with TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and p38. In vitro study showed Geniposide directly inhibited the activation of macrophage induced by LPS. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Geniposide can ameliorate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad and p38MAPK signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Yin
- The People's Hospital of ChuXiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, ChuXiong, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying-Xia Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Su-Su Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Bin Shang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Shan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xue-Rong Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu F, Yao Y, Guo C, Dai P, Huang J, Peng P, Wang M, Dawa Z, Zhu C, Lin C. Trichodelphinine A alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting collagen synthesis via NOX4-ARG1/TGF-β signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155755. [PMID: 38870750 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis, a progressive and fatal lung disease with no effective treatment medication, is characterized by lung remodeling and fibroblastic foci caused by an oxidative imbalance with an overloading deposition of collagen. Trichodelphinine A, a hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloid, was found anti-fibrotic activity in vitro, but its effect and mechanism on pulmonary fibrosis still unknown. PURPOSE Our study aimed to investigate and validate the anti-fibrotic properties of trichodelphinine A in pulmonary fibrosis animals induced by bleomycin (BLM), and its mechanism whether via NOX4-ARG1/TGF-β signaling pathway. METHODS The anti-fibrotic effects of trichodelphinine A were evaluated using BLM-induced rats through indicators of lung histopathology and collagen synthesis. Dynamic metabolomics evaluated the metabolic disorder and therapeutic effect of trichodelphinine A. The interaction between trichodelphinine A and NOX4 receptor was confirmed using CETSA and molecular dynamics experiments. Molecular biology experiments were conducted in NOX4 gene knockout mice to investigate the intervention effect of trichodelphinine A. RESULTS Trichodelphinine A could suppress histopathologic changes, collagen deposition and proinflammatory cytokine release pulmonary fibrosis in bleomycin induced rats. Dynamic metabolomics studies revealed that trichodelphinine A could correct endogenous metabolic disorders of arachidonic acid, arginine and proline during fibrosis development, which revealed that the regulation of oxidative stress and amino acid metabolism targeting NOX4 and ARG1 may be the main pharmacological mechanisms of trichodelphinine A on pulmonary fibrosis. We further determined that trichodelphinine A inhibited over oxidative stress and collagen deposition by suppressing Nrf2-keap1 and ARG1-OAT signaling pathways, respectively. Molecular dynamics studies showed that trichodelphinine A was directly binds with NOX4, in which PHE354 and THR355 residues of NOX4 are critical binding sites for trichodelphinine A. Mechanistic validation in cells or mice with NOX4 knockout or silencing suggested that the anti-fibrotic effects of trichodelphinine A depended on inhibition of NOX4 to suppress ARG1/OAT activation and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings indicate a powerful anti-fibrotic function of trichodelphinine A in pulmonary fibrosis via targeting NOX4. NOX4 mediates the activation of ARG1/OAT to regulate arginase-proline metabolism, and promotes TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway, thereby affecting the collagen synthesis in pulmonary fibrosis, which is a novel finding and indicates that inhibition of NOX4 is a novel therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangle Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The First Affiliated hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chengxi Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Pengyu Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jinhao Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Peng Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Meiqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zeren Dawa
- University of Tibetan Medicine, Lasa 850000, PR China.
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Chaozhan Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liang XY, Wang Y, Zhu YW, Zhang YX, Yuan H, Liu YF, Jin YQ, Gao W, Ren ZG, Ji XY, Wu DD. Role of hydrogen sulfide in dermatological diseases. Nitric Oxide 2024; 150:18-26. [PMID: 38971520 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), together with carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO), is recognized as a vital gasotransmitter. H2S is biosynthesized by enzymatic pathways in the skin and exerts significant physiological effects on a variety of biological processes, such as apoptosis, modulation of inflammation, cellular proliferation, and regulation of vasodilation. As a major health problem, dermatological diseases affect a large proportion of the population every day. It is urgent to design and develop effective drugs to deal with dermatological diseases. Dermatological diseases can arise from a multitude of etiologies, including neoplastic growth, infectious agents, and inflammatory processes. The abnormal metabolism of H2S is associated with many dermatological diseases, such as melanoma, fibrotic diseases, and psoriasis, suggesting its therapeutic potential in the treatment of these diseases. In addition, therapies based on H2S donors are being developed to treat some of these conditions. In the review, we discuss recent advances in the function of H2S in normal skin, the role of altering H2S metabolism in dermatological diseases, and the therapeutic potential of diverse H2S donors for the treatment of dermatological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Liang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Yi-Wen Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Hang Yuan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Ya-Fang Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Yu-Qing Jin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Ren
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China.
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450064, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Department of Stomatology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Peng C, Kang S, Jiang M, Yang M, Gong X. Antioxidant Carbon Dots and Ursolic Acid Co-Encapsulated Liposomes Composite Hydrogel for Alleviating Adhesion Formation and Enhancing Tendon Healing in Tendon Injury. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:8709-8727. [PMID: 39220191 PMCID: PMC11365533 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s466312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The formation of adhesion after tendon injury represents a major obstacle to tendon repair, and currently there is no effective anti-adhesion method in clinical practice. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis can occur in tendon injury and these factors can lead to tendon adhesion. Antioxidant carbon dots and ursolic acid (UA) both possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this experiment, we have for the first time created RCDs/UA@Lipo-HAMA using red fluorescent carbon dots and UA co-encapsulated liposomes composite hyaluronic acid methacryloyl hydrogel. We found that RCDs/UA@Lipo-HAMA could better attenuate adhesion formation and enhance tendon healing in tendon injury. Materials and Methods RCDs/UA@Lipo-HAMA were prepared and characterized. In vitro experiments on cellular oxidative stress and fibrosis were performed. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and immunofluorescent staining of collagens type I (COL I), collagens type III (COL III), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were used to evaluate anti-oxidative and anti-fibrotic abilities. In vivo models of Achilles tendon injury repair (ATI) and flexor digitorum profundus tendon injury repair (FDPI) were established. The major organs and blood biochemical indicators of rats were tested to determine the toxicity of RCDs/UA@Lipo-HAMA. Biomechanical testing, motor function analysis, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical staining were performed to assess the tendon adhesion and repair after tendon injury. Results In vitro, the RCDs/UA@Lipo group scavenged excessive ROS, stabilized the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and reduced the expression of COL I, COL III, and α-SMA. In vivo, assessment results showed that the RCDs/UA@Lipo-HAMA group improved collagen arrangement and biomechanical properties, reduced tendon adhesion, and promoted motor function after tendon injury. Additionally, the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in the RCDs/UA@Lipo-HAMA group increased; the levels of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), COL III, α-SMA, Vimentin, and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) decreased. Conclusion In this study, the RCDs/UA@Lipo-HAMA alleviated tendon adhesion formation and enhanced tendon healing by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. This study provided a novel therapeutic approach for the clinical treatment of tendon injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Kang
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijun Jiang
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxi Yang
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Gong
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yi Z, Liu P, Zhang Y, Mamuti D, Zhou W, Liu Z, Chen Z. METTL3 aggravates renal fibrogenesis in obstructive nephropathy via the miR-199a-3p/PAR4 axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 982:176931. [PMID: 39182553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is among the major factors contributing to the development of chronic kidney disease. In this regard, although N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been established to play key roles in diverse physiological processes and disease/disorder development, further research is required to identify the probable mechanisms and processes associated with their involvement in renal fibrosis. In this study, we show that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced human proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK2) are characterized by dose-dependently higher methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) expression. Furthermore, METTL3 was found to enhance pri-miR-199a-3p maturation and miR-199a-3p expression in an m6A-dependent manner, whereas miR-199a-3p sponges prostate apoptotic response 4 (Par4), thereby regulating its expression. Collectively, our findings in this study indicate that the METTL3/miR-199a-3p/Par4 axis plays a key role in the development of obstructive nephrogenic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglin Yi
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Peihua Liu
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yinfan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China; Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dilishati Mamuti
- The Sixth Clinical Medical College Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, China
| | - Weimin Zhou
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao Q, Li Y, Zhao X, Zhou J, Zheng Y, Li Z. Apelin-13 alleviates intrauterine adhesion by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition of endometrial epithelial cells and promoting angiogenesis. Hum Cell 2024:10.1007/s13577-024-01117-3. [PMID: 39158615 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a common complication of surgical manipulation of the uterine cavity such as abortion. The pathology of IUA is characterized by fibrosis, but the pathogenesis is not fully understood. The function of Apelin-13 in IUA and related mechanisms were investigated in this study. The IUA rat model was established. The pathological changes and fibrosis degree of rat uterine tissues were detected by HE and Masson staining after intraperitoneal injection of Apelin-13. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of endometrial epithelial cells and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EnMT) of vein endothelial cells were induced by TGF-β1. Tube-forming assay using HUVEC was implemented to detect the effect of Apelin-13 upon angiogenesis. IHC staining, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blot were conducted to detect the expression levels of EMT markers, angiogenesis, and key proteins of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Apelin-13 significantly alleviated IUA and fibrosis, and increased endometrial thickness and gland number in IUA rats. In addition, Apelin-13 significantly reversed EMT and EnMT induced by IUA modeling and TGF-β1, promoted the tube-forming ability of HUVEC, and up-regulated the expression of angiogenesis-related proteins. Mechanistically, Apelin-13 significantly suppressed smad2/3 phosphorylation and inhibited the TGF-β1/Smad signaling via its receptor APJ. Apelin-13 might alleviate IUA via repressing the TGF-β1/Smad pathway and is expected to be a potent therapeutic option for the clinical treatment of IUA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhao
- Health Management Medicine Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yuyan Li
- Nanchang University Queen Mary School, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingping Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Department of Spinal Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yifan Zheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyue Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
López-Cerdá S, Molinaro G, Tello RP, Correia A, Waris E, Hirvonen J, Barreto G, Santos HA. Antifibrotic and Pro-regenerative Effects of SMAD3 siRNA and Collagen I mRNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles in Human Tenocytes. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2024; 7:17736-17747. [PMID: 39144399 PMCID: PMC11320386 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.4c02996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Tendinopathy involves the inflammation and degeneration of the tendon due to repetitive strain injury. Current treatments primarily target inflammation resolution, yet they do not aim at tissue regeneration. In this study, a microfluidics approach is harnessed to develop a platform of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) loaded simultaneously with SMAD3 siRNA and collagen I mRNA, aiming to explore its potential dual antifibrotic and regenerative effects in human tenocytes. The developed LNPs displayed size homogeneity and colloidal stability and exhibited high cytocompatibility in human tenocytes. Moreover, LNPs allowed for efficient uptake and transfection efficiency of the RNAs. In the in vitro efficacy studies, the gene expression and production of SMAD3 and collagen I were tested by real-time quantitative chain polymerase reaction and immuno- and intracellular staining, revealing collagen I production enhancement, SMAD3 inhibition, and modulation of other tendon repair factors by the LNPs. Overall, the potential of this platform of RNA-loaded LNPs to be used as a dual therapeutic approach to prevent fibrosis and promote tissue remodeling in late stages of tendon diseases was confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra López-Cerdá
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giuseppina Molinaro
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rubén Pareja Tello
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Waris
- Department
of Hand Surgery, University of Helsinki
and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Goncalo Barreto
- Translational
Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, PL 4 (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Medical
Ultrasonics Laboratory (MEDUSA), Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical
Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Orton
Orthopedic Hospital, Tenholantie 10, 00280 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, The Personalized Medicine Research Institute
(PRECISION), University Medical Center Groningen
(UMCG), University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu L, Feng Y, Xiang X, Xu M, Tang G. Biological effect of ETV4 and the underlying mechanism of its regulatory effect on epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:346. [PMID: 38872859 PMCID: PMC11170264 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly invasive malignant tumor. The prognosis of patients with ICC after radical surgical resection remains poor, due to local infiltration, distant metastasis, a high recurrence rate and lack of effective treatment strategies. E26 transformation-specific sequence variant 4 (ETV4) is a pro-carcinogenic factor that is upregulated in several tumors; however, the role of ETV4 in ICC is relatively unknown. The present study aimed to determine the role of ETV4 in the Hccc9810 ICC cell line and to assess how it contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ICC. Hccc9810 cells were infected with lentiviruses to construct stable ETV4-overexpressing cells, stable ETV4 knockdown cells and corresponding control groups. The Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays were used to quantify cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and the effects on cell cycle progression and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. ETV4 was identified as a driver of cell growth, invasion, migration and cell cycle progression, while restraining apoptosis in Hccc9810 cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting revealed that increased ETV4 levels may drive EMT by triggering the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. This cascade, in turn, may foster tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle advancement, and hinder apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xuelian Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Mengtao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guodu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao J, Yue P, Mi N, Li M, Fu W, Zhang X, Gao L, Bai M, Tian L, Jiang N, Lu Y, Ma H, Dong C, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhang J, Ren Y, Suzuki A, Wong PF, Tanaka K, Rerknimitr R, Junger HH, Cheung TT, Melloul E, Demartines N, Leung JW, Yao J, Yuan J, Lin Y, Schlitt HJ, Meng W. Biliary fibrosis is an important but neglected pathological feature in hepatobiliary disorders: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2024; 4:326-365. [PMID: 39135601 PMCID: PMC11317084 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2024-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis resulting from pathological repair secondary to recurrent or persistent tissue damage often leads to organ failure and mortality. Biliary fibrosis is a crucial but easily neglected pathological feature in hepatobiliary disorders, which may promote the development and progression of benign and malignant biliary diseases through pathological healing mechanisms secondary to biliary tract injuries. Elucidating the etiology and pathogenesis of biliary fibrosis is beneficial to the prevention and treatment of biliary diseases. In this review, we emphasized the importance of biliary fibrosis in cholangiopathies and summarized the clinical manifestations, epidemiology, and aberrant cellular composition involving the biliary ductules, cholangiocytes, immune system, fibroblasts, and the microbiome. We also focused on pivotal signaling pathways and offered insights into ongoing clinical trials and proposing a strategic approach for managing biliary fibrosis-related cholangiopathies. This review will offer a comprehensive perspective on biliary fibrosis and provide an important reference for future mechanism research and innovative therapy to prevent or reverse fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ping Yue
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ningning Mi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Matu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wenkang Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xianzhuo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Long Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingzhen Bai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Liang Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ningzu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yawen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haidong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chunlu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jinduo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanxian Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Azumi Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Peng F. Wong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Kiyohito Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Henrik H. Junger
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tan T. Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Emmanuel Melloul
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Demartines
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joseph W. Leung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UC Davis Medical Center and Sacramento VA Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jia Yao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinqiu Yuan
- Clinical Research Center, Big Data Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanyan Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hans J. Schlitt
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wenbo Meng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mounieb F, Abdel-Sattar SA, Balah A, Akool ES. P2 X 7 receptor is a critical regulator of extracellular ATP-induced profibrotic genes expression in rat kidney: implication of transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling pathway. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:421-430. [PMID: 37934321 PMCID: PMC11303607 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the potential of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) via the P2 X 7 receptor to activate the renal fibrotic processes in rats. The present study demonstrates that administration of ATP rapidly activated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) to induce phosphorylation of Smad-2/3. Renal connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA and protein expressions were also increased following ATP administration. A decrease in TGF-β amount in serum as well as renal Smad-2/3 phosphorylation was noticed in animals pre-treated with the specific antagonist of P2 X 7 receptor, A 438,079. In addition, a significant reduction in mRNA and protein expression of CTGF and TIMP-1were also observed in the kidneys of those animals. Collectively, the current findings demonstrate that ATP has the ability to augment TGF-β-mediated Smad-2/3 phosphorylation and enhance the expression of the pro-fibrotic genes, CTGF and TIMP-1, an effect that is largely mediated via P2 X 7 receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Mounieb
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11751 El Nasr St, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Somaia A Abdel-Sattar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11751 El Nasr St, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Balah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11751 El Nasr St, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - El-Sayed Akool
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen J, Hu J, Li X, Zong S, Zhang G, Guo Z, Jing Z. Enhydrin suppresses the malignant phenotype of GBM via Jun/Smad7/TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116380. [PMID: 38945276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
GBM is the most threatening form of brain tumor. The advancement of GBM is propelled by the growth, infiltration, and movement of cancer cells. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and identifying new therapeutic agents are crucial for effective GBM treatment. Our research focused on examining the withhold influence of Enhydrin on the destructive activity of GBM cells, both in laboratory settings and within living organisms. By employing network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis, we have determined that Jun serves as the gene of interest, and EMT as the critical signaling pathway. Mechanistically, Enhydrin inhibits the activity of the target gene Jun to increase the expression of Smad7, which is infinitively regulated by the transcription factor Jun, and as the inhibitory transcription factor, Smad7 can down-regulate TGF-β1 and the subsequent Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Consequently, this whole process greatly hinders the EMT mechanism of GBM, leading to the notable decline in cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. In summary, our research shows that Enhydrin hinders EMT by focusing on the Jun/Smad7/TGF-β1 signaling pathway, presenting a promising target for treating GBM. Moreover, Enhydrin demonstrates encouraging prospects as a new medication for GBM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinpeng Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinqiao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengliang Zong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengting Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhitao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang YX, Guo J, Liu C, Nan JX, Wu YL, Jin CH. Synthesis of amide derivatives containing the imidazole moiety and evaluation of their anti-cardiac fibrosis activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400131. [PMID: 38678538 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Three series of N-{[4-([1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-α]pyridin-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]methyl}acetamides (14a-d, 15a-n, and 16a-f) were synthesized and evaluated for activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) inhibitory activities in an enzymatic assay. The target compounds showed high ALK5 inhibitory activity and selectivity. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for phosphorylation of ALK5 of 16f (9.1 nM), the most potent compound, was 2.7 times that of the clinical candidate EW-7197 (vactosertib) and 14 times that of the clinical candidate LY-2157299. The selectivity index of 16f against p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase was >109, which was much higher than that of positive controls (EW-7197: >41, and LY-2157299: 4). Furthermore, a molecular docking study provided the interaction modes between the target compounds and ALK5. Compounds 14c, 14d, and 16f effectively inhibited the protein expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1)/matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) in transforming growth factor-β-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Compounds 14c and 16f showed especially high activity at low concentrations, which suggests that these compounds could inhibit myocardial cell fibrosis. Compounds 14c, 14d, and 16f are potential preclinical candidates for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Function Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Function Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Cheng-Hua Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Function Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao R, Hu J, Wen H, Zhao J, Wang Y, Niu X, Zhang M, Wang T, Li Y. Inhibition of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice by attenuating cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:53. [PMID: 39080739 PMCID: PMC11290217 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00797-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy is closely linked to abnormal glycosylation modifications. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V), which catalyzes the production of N-linked -1-6 branching of oligosaccharides, is involved in several pathophysiological mechanisms of many disorders, including cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. However, the mechanism by which GnT-V regulates cardiac hypertrophy in diabetic cardiomyopathy is currently poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of GnT-V on myocardial hypertrophy in diabetic cardiomyopathy and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Streptozotocin (STZ) was intraperitoneally injected into mice to induce diabetic cardiomyopathy. An adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying negative control small hairpin RNA (shNC) or GnT-V-specifc small hairpin RNA (shGnT-V) was used to manipulate GnT-V expression. In our study, forty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups (10 mice per group): control mice with AAV-shNC, diabetic cardiomyopathy mice with AAV-shNC, control mice with AAV-shGnT-V, and diabetic cardiomyopathy mice with AAV-shGnT-V. In addition, H9C2 cells and primary neonatal cardiac fibroblasts treated with high glucose were used as a cell model of diabetes. Analysis of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, as well as functional studies, were used to investigate the underlying molecular pathways. RESULTS AAV-mediated GnT-V silencing dramatically improved cardiac function and alleviated myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in diabetic mice. In vitro experiments demonstrated that GnT-V was elevated in cardiomyocytes and induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response to high glucose stimulation. GnT-V knockdown significantly reduced the expression of the integrinβ1 signaling pathway, as evidenced by decreased downstream ERK1/2 activity, which inhibited cardiomyocyte hypertrophy accompanied by reduced ANP, BNP, and β-MHC expression. Furthermore, knocking down GnT-V expression lowered the TGF-β1-Smads signaling pathway, which reduced the expression of α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our research indicated that GnT-V may be a useful therapeutic target to treat diabetic cardiomyopathy, primarily in the inhibition of myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - He Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieqiong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaona Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xinsi Road No.569, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liang Q, Liu X, Peng X, Luo T, Su Y, Xu X, Xie H, Gao H, Chen Z, Xie C. Salvianolic acid B in fibrosis treatment: a comprehensive review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1442181. [PMID: 39139645 PMCID: PMC11319160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1442181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a public health issue of great concern characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, leading to the destruction of parenchymal tissue and organ dysfunction that places a heavy burden on the global healthcare system due to its high incidence, disability, and mortality. Salvianolic acid B (SalB) has positively affected various human diseases, including fibrosis. In this review, we concentrate on the anti-fibrotic effects of SalB from a molecular perspective while providing information on the safety, adverse effects, and drug interactions of SalB. Additionally, we discuss the innovative SalB formulations, which give some references for further investigation and therapeutic use of SalB's anti-fibrotic qualities. Even with the encouraging preclinical data, additional research is required before relevant clinical trials can be conducted. Therefore, we conclude with recommendations for future studies. It is hoped that this review will provide comprehensive new perspectives on future research and product development related to SalB treatment of fibrosis and promote the efficient development of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhi Liang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Su
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengtao Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Harris DD, Sabe SA, Broadwin M, Stone C, Bellam K, Malhotra A, Abid MR, Sellke FW. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor sitagliptin decreases myocardial fibrosis and modulates myocardial insulin signaling in a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307922. [PMID: 39074126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Although both clinical data and animal models suggest cardiovascular benefits following administration of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We therefore sought to evaluate the effect of the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin on myocardial fibrosis, and insulin signaling in chronic myocardial ischemia using a swine model. An ameroid constrictor placement on the left coronary circumflex artery of thirteen Yorkshire swine to model chronic myocardial ischemia. After two weeks of recovery, swine were assigned to one of two groups: control (CON, n = 8), or sitagliptin 100mg daily (SIT, n = 5). After 5 weeks of treatment, the swine underwent terminal harvest with collection of myocardial tissue. Fibrosis was quantified using Masson's trichrome. Protein expression was quantified by Immunoblotting. Trichrome stain demonstrated a significant decrease in perivascular and interstitial fibrosis in the SIT group relative to CON (all p<0.05). Immunoblot showed a reduction in Jak2, the pSTAT3 to STAT 3 Ratio, pSMAD 2/3, and SMAD 2/3, and an increase in STAT 3 in the SIT group relative to CON (all p<0.05). SIT treatment was associated with increased expression of insulin receptor one and decreased expression of makers for insulin resistance, including phospho-PKC- alpha, RBP-4, SIRT1, and PI3K (p<0.05). Sitagliptin results in a reduction in perivascular and interstitial fibrosis and increased insulin sensitivity in chronically ischemic swine myocardium. This likely contributes to the improved cardiovascular outcomes seen with DPP-4 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwight D Harris
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Sharif A Sabe
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Mark Broadwin
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Chris Stone
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Krishna Bellam
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Akshay Malhotra
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - M Ruhul Abid
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu TT, Sun HF, Tang MZ, Shen HR, Shen Z, Han YX, Zhan Y, Jiang JD. Bicyclol attenuates pulmonary fibrosis with silicosis via both canonical and non-canonical TGF-β1 signaling pathways. J Transl Med 2024; 22:682. [PMID: 39060930 PMCID: PMC11282674 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05399-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicosis is an irreversible fibrotic disease of the lung caused by chronic exposure to silica dust, which manifests as infiltration of inflammatory cells, excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and pulmonary diffuse fibrosis. As the disease progresses, lung function further deteriorates, leading to poorer quality of life of patients. Currently, few effective drugs are available for the treatment of silicosis. Bicyclol (BIC) is a compound widely employed to treat chronic viral hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury. While recent studies have demonstrated anti-fibrosis effects of BIC on multiple organs, including liver, lung, and kidney, its therapeutic benefit against silicosis remains unclear. In this study, we established a rat model of silicosis, with the aim of evaluating the potential therapeutic effects of BIC. METHODS We constructed a silicotic rat model and administered BIC after injury. The FlexiVent instrument with a forced oscillation system was used to detect the pulmonary function of rats. HE and Masson staining were used to assess the effect of BIC on silica-induced rats. Macrophages-inflammatory model of RAW264.7 cells, fibroblast-myofibroblast transition (FMT) model of NIH-3T3 cells, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) model of TC-1 cells were established in vitro. And the levels of inflammatory mediators and fibrosis-related proteins were evaluated in vivo and in vitro after BIC treatment by Western Blot analysis, RT-PCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry experiments. RESULTS BIC significantly improved static compliance of lung and expiratory and inspiratory capacity of silica-induced rats. Moreover, BIC reduced number of inflammatory cells and cytokines as well as collagen deposition in lungs, leading to delayed fibrosis progression in the silicosis rat model. Further exploration of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that BIC suppressed the activation, polarization, and apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages induced by SiO2. Additionally, BIC inhibited SiO2-mediated secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 in macrophages. BIC inhibited FMT of NIH-3T3 as well as EMT of TC-1 in the in vitro silicosis model, resulting in reduced proliferation and migration capability of NIH-3T3 cells. Further investigation of the cytokines secreted by macrophages revealed suppression of both FMT and EMT by BIC through targeting of TGF-β1. Notably, BIC blocked the activation of JAK2/STAT3 in NIH-3T3 cells required for FMT while preventing both phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of SMAD2/3 in TC-1 cells necessary for the EMT process. CONCLUSION The collective data suggest that BIC prevents both FMT and EMT processes, in turn, reducing aberrant collagen deposition. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that BIC ameliorates inflammatory cytokine secretion, in particular, TGF-β1, and consequently inhibits FMT and EMT via TGF-β1 canonical and non-canonical pathways, ultimately resulting in reduction of aberrant collagen deposition and slower progression of silicosis, supporting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Fei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Ze Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ran Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Xing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ning A, Xiao N, Yu X, Wang H, Guan C, Guo C, Dong Y, Ma X, Xia H. Dimethyloxallyl Glycine Preconditioning Promotes the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-fibrotic Effects of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Kidney Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Related to TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02092-5. [PMID: 39044003 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease lacking effective treatments without adverse effects. Dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) enhanced mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) capabilities, but it remains unclear how DMOG-pretreatment of MSCs augments their SLE treatment. Here, we explore the therapeutic potential of DMOG-pretreated human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) in a mouse lupus nephritis (LN) model. In vitro experiments showed that DMOG could alleviate the mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-6 and increase the mRNA level of IL-13 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in hUC-MSCs. DMOG enhanced the migratory and invasive abilities of the hUC-MSCs. In vivo animal studies revealed that DMOG-pretreated hUC-MSCs exhibited more pronounced inhibition of lymphadenectasis and reduced kidney weight and urinary protein content than MSCs alone. DMOG-pretreated hUC-MSCs improved renal morphological structure and alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration and renal fibrosis, evidenced by the reduced mRNA levels of fibrosis markers, including fibronectin (Fn), collagen alpha-1 chain (Colα1), collagen alpha-3 chain (Colα3), and TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6 cytokines. Further investigation revealed that DMOG-pretreated hUC-MSCs down-regulated the expressions of transforming growth factor (Tgf)-β1 and its downstream effectors Smad2 and Smad3, recognized as central mediators in renal fibrosis (P < 0.05). The findings suggest that DMOG-pretreated hUC-MSCs can augment the therapeutic efficacy of hUC-MSCs in LN by enhancing their anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects, and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway may be involved in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anfeng Ning
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Nansong Xiao
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yu
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chunyi Guan
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Changlong Guo
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yichao Dong
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China.
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Hongfei Xia
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, 100081, China.
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Qiu C, Zhao Z, Xu C, Yuan R, Ha Y, Tu Q, Zhang H, Mu Z, Xin Q, Tian Y, Wang A, Wang H, Shi Y. Nebulized milk exosomes loaded with siTGF-β1 ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting EMT pathway and enhancing collagen permeability. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:434. [PMID: 39044233 PMCID: PMC11267965 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is a fatal disease in the interstitial lung associated with high mortality, morbidity, and poor prognosis. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a fibroblast-activating protein that promotes fibrous diseases. Herein, an inhalable system was first developed using milk exosomes (M-Exos) encapsulating siRNA against TGF-β1 (MsiTGF-β1), and their therapeutic potential for bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF was investigated. M-siTGF-β1 was introduced into the lungs of mice with PF through nebulization. The collagen penetration effect and lysosomal escape ability were verified in vitro. Inhaled MsiTGF-β1 notably alleviated inflammatory infiltration, attenuated extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and increased the survival rate of PF mice by 4.7-fold. M-siTGF-β1 protected lung tissue from BLM toxicity by efficiently delivering specific siRNA to the lungs, leading to TGF-β1 mRNA silencing and epithelial mesenchymal transition pathway inhibition. Therefore, M-siTGF-β1 offers a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in fibrosis-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Chenglin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Ranran Yuan
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Ha
- Ontario Virtual School, 4789 Yonge Street, Unit 705, Toronto, ON, M2N 0G3, Canada
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qingchao Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Houqian Zhang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Quanlin Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Aiping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
| | - Yanan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ju X, Wang K, Wang C, Zeng C, Wang Y, Yu J. Regulation of myofibroblast dedifferentiation in pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2024; 25:284. [PMID: 39026235 PMCID: PMC11264880 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a lethal, progressive, and irreversible condition that has become a significant focus of medical research due to its increasing incidence. This rising trend presents substantial challenges for patients, healthcare providers, and researchers. Despite the escalating burden of pulmonary fibrosis, the available therapeutic options remain limited. Currently, the United States Food and Drug Administration has approved two drugs for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis-nintedanib and pirfenidone. However, their therapeutic effectiveness is limited, and they cannot reverse the fibrosis process. Additionally, these drugs are associated with significant side effects. Myofibroblasts play a central role in the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis, significantly contributing to its progression. Consequently, strategies aimed at inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation or promoting their dedifferentiation hold promise as effective treatments. This review examines the regulation of myofibroblast dedifferentiation, exploring various signaling pathways, regulatory targets, and potential pharmaceutical interventions that could provide new directions for therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Ju
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Congjian Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fan Y, Gao L, Huang Y, Zhao L, Zhao Y, Wang X, Mo D, Lu H, Wang D. Effects and Significance of Dicliptera chinensis Polysaccharide on the Expression of Transforming Growth Factor β1/Connective Tissue Growth Factor Pathway in the Masseter and Head and Neck Skin of Rats With Radiation-Induced Fibrosis. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00163-1. [PMID: 38991877 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether Dicliptera chinensis polysaccharide (DCP) can alleviate radiation-induced fibrosis of masseter and head and neck skin. METHODS SD rats were divided into the control, the irradiation (IR), the IR + low dose DCP (200 mg/kg), and the IR + high dose DCP (400 mg/kg) groups. The head and neck of rats in the last 3 groups received a single dose of 18 Gy X-ray. At 1st, 2nd, 4th week (w) after radiation, haematoxylin and eosin staining were performed on masseter and skin to observe the histopathological changes; immunohistochemistry staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of the skin; Masson staining was performed on masseter and skin to observe the collagen deposition; western blot analysis was used on masseter to calculate the relative transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expressions; ELISA was used to detect the contents of TGF-β1 and CTGF in skin and the contents of type I and type III collagens in masseter and skin. RESULTS In terms of skin, compared to the IR group, the IR + high-dose DCP group exhibited relatively smaller changes in skin structure, lower levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF; thinner skin thickness was observed at the 4th w after radiation; and the positive rates of collagen fibre and the optical densities of type I and type III collagens were lower at the 2nd and 4th w. For the masseter, compared to the IR group, the morphological changes were improved and the expression levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF proteins decreased in the 2 DCP dose groups at 2nd and 4th w. CONCLUSION DCP can reduce the formation and accumulation of type I and type III collagens after IR and ameliorate radiation-induced fibrosis of masseter and skin by down-regulating the expressions of TGF-β1 and CTGF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Fan
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Deformity, Nanning, China; Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Linjing Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yude Huang
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Lixiang Zhao
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Yanfei Zhao
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Dongqin Mo
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Haoyu Lu
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Daiyou Wang
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Deformity, Nanning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhi Y, Fan K, Liu S, Hu K, Zan X, Lin L, Yang Y, Gong X, Chen K, Tang L, Li L, Huang J, Zhang S, Zhang L. Deletion of GPR81 activates CREB/Smad7 pathway and alleviates liver fibrosis in mice. Mol Med 2024; 30:99. [PMID: 38982366 PMCID: PMC11234765 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhanced glycolysis is a crucial metabolic event that drives the development of liver fibrosis, but the molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood. Lactate is the endproduct of glycolysis, which has recently been identified as a bioactive metabolite binding to G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81). We then questioned whether GPR81 is implicated in the development of liver fibrosis. METHODS The level of GPR81 was determined in mice with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis and in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) LX-2. To investigate the significance of GPR81 in liver fibrosis, wild-type (WT) and GPR81 knockout (KO) mice were exposed to CCl4, and then the degree of liver fibrosis was determined. In addition, the GPR81 agonist 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) was supplemented in CCl4-challenged mice and TGF-β1-activated LX-2 cells to further investigate the pathological roles of GPR81 on HSCs activation. RESULTS CCl4 exposure or TGF-β1 stimulation significantly upregulated the expression of GPR81, while deletion of GPR81 alleviated CCl4-induced elevation of aminotransferase, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and deposition of collagen. Consistently, the production of TGF-β1, the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I (COL1A1), as well as the elevation of hydroxyproline were suppressed in GPR81 deficient mice. Supplementation with DHBA enhanced CCl4-induced liver fibrogenesis in WT mice but not in GPR81 KO mice. DHBA also promoted TGF-β1-induced LX-2 activation. Mechanistically, GPR81 suppressed cAMP/CREB and then inhibited the expression of Smad7, a negative regulator of Smad3, which resulted in increased phosphorylation of Smad3 and enhanced activation of HSCs. CONCLUSION GPR81 might be a detrimental factor that promotes the development of liver fibrosis by regulating CREB/Smad7 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kerui Fan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyan Zan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xianqiong Gong
- Hepatology Center, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Piergentili R, Sechi S. Non-Coding RNAs of Mitochondrial Origin: Roles in Cell Division and Implications in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7498. [PMID: 39000605 PMCID: PMC11242419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group, in terms of structure and sequence length, consisting of RNA molecules that do not code for proteins. These ncRNAs have a central role in the regulation of gene expression and are virtually involved in every process analyzed, ensuring cellular homeostasis. Although, over the years, much research has focused on the characterization of non-coding transcripts of nuclear origin, improved bioinformatic tools and next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms have allowed the identification of hundreds of ncRNAs transcribed from the mitochondrial genome (mt-ncRNA), including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), and microRNA (miR). Mt-ncRNAs have been described in diverse cellular processes such as mitochondrial proteome homeostasis and retrograde signaling; however, the function of the majority of mt-ncRNAs remains unknown. This review focuses on a subgroup of human mt-ncRNAs whose dysfunction is associated with both failures in cell cycle regulation, leading to defects in cell growth, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, and the development of tumor hallmarks, such as cell migration and metastasis formation, thus contributing to carcinogenesis and tumor development. Here we provide an overview of the mt-ncRNAs/cancer relationship that could help the future development of new biomedical applications in the field of oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Sechi
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università Sapienza di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wu YQ, Wang J. Sequential release of transforming growth factor β1 and fibroblast growth factor 2 from nanofibrous scaffolds induces cartilage differentiation of mouse adipose-derived stem cells. Biointerphases 2024; 19:041002. [PMID: 39051723 DOI: 10.1116/6.0003687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Once damaged, cartilage has poor intrinsic capacity to repair itself. Current cartilage repair strategies cannot restore the damaged tissue sufficiently. It is hypothesized that biomimetic scaffolds, which can recapitulate important properties of the cartilage extracellular matrix, play a beneficial role in supporting cell behaviors such as growth, cartilage differentiation, and integration with native cartilage, ultimately facilitating tissue recovery. Adipose-derived stem cells regenerated cartilage upon the sequential release of transforming growth factor β1(TGFβ1) and fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF2) using a nanofibrous scaffold, in order to get the recovery of functional cartilage. Experiments in vitro have demonstrated that the release sequence of growth factors FGF2 to TGFβ1 is the most essential to promote adipose-derived stem cells into chondrocytes that then synthesize collagen II. Mouse subcutaneous implantation indicated that the treatment sequence of FGF2 to TGFβ1 was able to significantly induce multiple increase in cartilage regeneration in vivo. This result demonstrates that the group treated with FGF2 to TGFβ1 released from a nanofibrous scaffold provides a good strategy for cartilage regeneration by making a favorable microenvironment for cell growth and cartilage regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen Z, Xie W, Tang S, Lin M, Ren L, Huang X, Deng L, Qian R, Wang Z, Xiong D, Xie P, Liu W. Taraxerone exerts antipulmonary fibrosis effect through Smad signaling pathway and antioxidant stress response in a Sirtuin1-dependent manner. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3720-3735. [PMID: 38776174 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treatments are limited, often with severe side effects, highlighting the need for novel options. Taraxerone has diverse biomedical properties, but its mechanism remains unclear. This study investigates taraxerone's impact and the mechanisms involved in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. After establishing a pulmonary fibrosis mouse model, taraxerone was intraperitoneally injected continuously for 14-28 days. The in vivo antifibrotic and antioxidative stress effects of taraxerone were assessed. In vitro, the influence of taraxerone on transforming growth factor-β1-induced myofibroblast transformation and oxidative stress was investigated. Subsequently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction screened the histone deacetylase and Sirtuin family, and taraxerone's effects on SIRT1 were assessed. After SIRT1 siRNA treatment, changes in myofibroblast transformation and antioxidant capacity in response to taraxerone were observed. Acetylation and phosphorylation levels of Smad3 were evaluated. We also examined the binding levels of SIRT1 with Pho-Smad3 and Smad3, as well as the nuclear localization of Smad2/3. EX527 confirmed SIRT1's in vivo action in response to taraxerone. In vitro experiments suggested that taraxerone inhibited myofibroblast differentiation by activating SIRT1 and reducing oxidative stress. We also observed a new interaction between SIRT1 and the Smad complex. Taraxerone activates SIRT1, enabling it to bind directly to Smad3. This leads to reduced Smad complex phosphorylation and limited nuclear translocation. As a result, the transcription of fibrotic factors is reduced. In vivo validation confirms taraxerone's SIRT1-mediated antifibrotic effectiveness. This suggests that targeting SIRT1-mediated inhibition of myofibroblast differentiation could be a key strategy in taraxerone-based therapy for pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weixi Xie
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siyuan Tang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miao Lin
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Ren
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lang Deng
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Qian
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zun Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dayang Xiong
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pingli Xie
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao X, Wang Q, He H, Yang T, Zhang H, Zhao J, Yao X. Reconstitution of Natural Killer cells after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is facilitated by Huiyang-Guben decoction through activating the Smad7/Stat3 signal pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1721-1733. [PMID: 37973706 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cell is the first batch of re-constructed cell populations after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and its delayed reconstitution inevitably causes poor outcome. The traditional Chinese medicine Huiyang-Guben decoction (HYGB) has been clinically used in patients undergoing allo-HSCT, but its effect on NK cell reconstruction is still unclear. 40 patients with allo-HSCT therapy were randomly divided into the control group and the HYGB group, and were given oral administration of normal saline or HYGB for 4 weeks before allo-HSCT, respectively. NK cells were cultured and treated with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and HYGB in vitro, and cell viability, cell apoptosis, and the function of NK cells were evaluated. Functional verification experiments were performed by knocking down signal transduction molecule 7 (Smad7) in NK cells before TGF-β and HYGB treatment. Clinical data suggested that HYGB intervention decreased the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease after allo-HSCT, and increased the proportion of NK cell population. Meanwhile, HYGB improved cell viability, restrained apoptotic cell death, and enhanced cell killing activity of NK cells in patients with allo-HSCT. Notably, we found that HYGB significantly increased the expression level of Smad7 and the phosphorylation level of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in NK cells from patients with allo-HSCT. Moreover, HYGB alleviated TGF-β-induced NK cell impairment and re-activated the Smad7/Stat3 signaling in vitro, while silencing Smad7 reversed the protective effect of HYGB on TGF-β-treated NK cells. HYGB promotes NK cell reconstruction and improves NK cell function after allo-HSCT through activating the Smad7/Stat3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Gao
- Hematology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, No.157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Hematology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, No.157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Haitao He
- Hematology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, No.157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Tonghua Yang
- Hematology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, No.157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Haixi Zhang
- Hematology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, No.157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Hematology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, No.157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiangmei Yao
- Hematology Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, No.157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang W, Peng Q, Huang X, Huang Q, Zhang Z, Li F, Zheng N, Shi B, Fan Z, Maj T, Chen R. Commensal microbiome dysbiosis elicits interleukin-8 signaling to drive fibrotic skin disease. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae273. [PMID: 39081787 PMCID: PMC11287872 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing is an intensely studied topic involved in many relevant pathophysiological processes, including fibrosis. Despite the large interest in fibrosis, the network that is related to commensal microbiota and skin fibrosis remains mysterious. Here, we pay attention to keloid, a classical yet intractable skin fibrotic disease to establish the association between commensal microbiota to scaring tissue. Our histological data reveal the presence of microbiota in the keloids. 16S rRNA sequencing characterizes microbial composition and divergence between the pathological and normal skin tissues. Moreover, the data show elevation of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in both the circulation and keloid tissue, which elicited the collagen accumulation and migratory program of dermal fibroblasts via CXCR1/2 receptor. Our research provides insights into the pathology of human fibrotic diseases, advocating commensal bacteria and IL-8 signaling as useful targets in future interventions of recurrent keloid disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qili Peng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xian Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Renji Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Binhai Second Road 1155, Ningbo 315600, China
| | - Fuli Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Naisheng Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Binsheng Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhihong Fan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Renji Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Binhai Second Road 1155, Ningbo 315600, China
| | - Tomasz Maj
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liang Q, Zhou D, Ge X, Song P, Chu W, Xu J, Shen Y. Exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell improve diabetic wound healing and inhibit fibrosis via miR-128-1-5p/TGF-β1/Smad axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 588:112213. [PMID: 38556162 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Difficult-to-heal wound is a prevalent and significant complication of diabetes, characterized by impaired functionality of epithelial cells such as fibroblasts. This study aims to investigate the potential mechanism of ADSC-Exos promoting diabetic wound healing by regulating fibroblast function. MATERIALS AND METHODS ADSC-Exos were confirmed through TEM, NTA, and Western Blot techniques. The study conducted on rat skin fibroblasts (RSFs) exposed to 33 mmol/L glucose in vitro. We used cck-8, EDU, transwell, and scratch assays to verify the proliferation and migration of RSFs. Furthermore, levels of TGF-β1 and α-SMA proteins were determined by immunofluorescence and Western Blot. RSFs were transfected with miR-128-1-5p mimics and inhibitors, followed by quantification of TGF-β1, α-SMA, Col I and Smad2/3 protein levels using Western Blot. In vivo, the effects of ADSC-Exos on diabetic wounds were assessed using digital imaging, histological staining, as well as Western Blot analysis. RESULTS In vitro, ADSC-Exos significantly enhanced proliferation and migration of RSFs while reducing the expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA. In vivo, ADSC-Exos effectively promoted diabetic wound healing and mitigated scar fibrosis. Additionally, ADSC-Exos exhibited elevated levels of miR-128-1-5p, which targets TGF-β1, resulting in a notable reduction in TGF-β1, α-SMA, Col I and smad2/3 phosphorylation in RSFs. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results demonstrated that ADSC-Exos promoted diabetic wound healing, and inhibited skin fibrosis by regulating miR-128-1-5p/TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, which provides a promising innovative treatment for diabetic wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Danlian Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Xiuyu Ge
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Peijun Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Weiwei Chu
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China.
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ogata FT, Verma S, Coulson-Thomas VJ, Gesteira TF. TGF-β-Based Therapies for Treating Ocular Surface Disorders. Cells 2024; 13:1105. [PMID: 38994958 PMCID: PMC11240592 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The cornea is continuously exposed to injuries, ranging from minor scratches to deep traumas. An effective healing mechanism is crucial for the cornea to restore its structure and function following major and minor insults. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β), a versatile signaling molecule that coordinates various cell responses, has a central role in corneal wound healing. Upon corneal injury, TGF-β is rapidly released into the extracellular environment, triggering cell migration and proliferation, the differentiation of keratocytes into myofibroblasts, and the initiation of the repair process. TGF-β-mediated processes are essential for wound closure; however, excessive levels of TGF-β can lead to fibrosis and scarring, causing impaired vision. Three primary isoforms of TGF-β exist-TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3. Although TGF-β isoforms share many structural and functional similarities, they present distinct roles in corneal regeneration, which adds an additional layer of complexity to understand the role of TGF-β in corneal wound healing. Further, aberrant TGF-β activity has been linked to various corneal pathologies, such as scarring and Peter's Anomaly. Thus, understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which TGF-β1-3 regulate corneal wound healing will enable the development of potential therapeutic interventions targeting the key molecule in this process. Herein, we summarize the multifaceted roles of TGF-β in corneal wound healing, dissecting its mechanisms of action and interactions with other molecules, and outline its role in corneal pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando T Ogata
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110078, India
| | | | - Tarsis F Gesteira
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Neto AE, Foltz KM, Fuchs T, Gamba LK, Denk MA, Silveira PCL, do Nascimento TG, Clemencia AM, Francisco JC, de Noronha L, Guarita-Souza LC. Decellularized Wharton's Jelly and Amniotic Membrane Demonstrate Potential Therapeutic Implants in Tracheal Defects in Rabbits. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:782. [PMID: 38929764 PMCID: PMC11204711 DOI: 10.3390/life14060782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tracheal grafts have been investigated for over a century, aiming to replace various lesions. However, tracheal reconstruction surgery remains a challenge, primarily due to anatomical considerations, intraoperative airway management, the technical complexity of reconstruction, and the potential postoperative morbidity and mortality. Due to research development, the amniotic membrane (AM) and Wharton's Jelly (WJ) arise as alternatives within the new set of therapeutic alternatives. These structures hold significant therapeutic potential for tracheal defects. This study analyzed the capacity of tracheal tissue regeneration after 60 days of decellularized WJ and AM implantation in rabbits submitted to conventional tracheostomy. METHODS An in vivo experimental study was carried out using thirty rabbits separated into three groups (Control, AM, and WJ) (n = 10). The analyses were performed 60 days after surgery through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Different immunomarkers related to scar regeneration, such as aggrecan, TGF-β1, and α-SMA, were analyzed. However, they highlighted no significant difference between the groups. Collagen type I, III, and Aggrecan also showed no significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Both scaffolds appeared to be excellent frameworks for tissue engineering, presenting biocompatibility and a desirable microenvironment for cell survival; however, they did not display histopathological benefits in trachea tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aloysio Enck Neto
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (L.K.G.); (T.G.d.N.); (J.C.F.); (L.d.N.); (L.C.G.-S.)
| | - Katia Martins Foltz
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (L.K.G.); (T.G.d.N.); (J.C.F.); (L.d.N.); (L.C.G.-S.)
| | - Thiago Fuchs
- Veterinary Medicine Undergraduated Program, University of Contestado (UNC), Mafra 89300-000, SC, Brazil;
| | - Luize Kremer Gamba
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (L.K.G.); (T.G.d.N.); (J.C.F.); (L.d.N.); (L.C.G.-S.)
| | - Marcos Antonio Denk
- Biomedicine Undergraduate Program, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil; (P.C.L.S.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Thatyanne Gradowski do Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (L.K.G.); (T.G.d.N.); (J.C.F.); (L.d.N.); (L.C.G.-S.)
| | - Alice Machado Clemencia
- Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil; (P.C.L.S.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Julio César Francisco
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (L.K.G.); (T.G.d.N.); (J.C.F.); (L.d.N.); (L.C.G.-S.)
| | - Lucia de Noronha
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (L.K.G.); (T.G.d.N.); (J.C.F.); (L.d.N.); (L.C.G.-S.)
| | - Luiz César Guarita-Souza
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (L.K.G.); (T.G.d.N.); (J.C.F.); (L.d.N.); (L.C.G.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xin S, Liu X, He C, Gao H, Wang B, Hua R, Gao L, Shang H, Sun F, Xu J. Inflammation accelerating intestinal fibrosis: from mechanism to clinic. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:335. [PMID: 38890719 PMCID: PMC11184829 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a prevalent complication of IBD that that can frequently be triggered by prolonged inflammation. Fibrosis in the gut can cause a number of issues, which continue as an ongoing challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. The primary causes of intestinal fibrosis are soluble molecules, G protein-coupled receptors, epithelial-to-mesenchymal or endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the gut microbiota. Fresh perspectives coming from in vivo and in vitro experimental models demonstrate that fibrogenic pathways might be different, at least to some extent, independent of the ones that influence inflammation. Understanding the distinctive procedures of intestinal fibrogenesis should provide a realistic foundation for targeting and blocking specific fibrogenic pathways, estimating the risk of fibrotic consequences, detecting early fibrotic alterations, and eventually allowing therapy development. Here, we first summarize the inflammatory and non-inflammatory components of fibrosis, and then we elaborate on the underlying mechanism associated with multiple cytokines in fibrosis, providing the framework for future clinical practice. Following that, we discuss the relationship between modernization and disease, as well as the shortcomings of current studies. We outline fibrosis diagnosis and therapy, as well as our recommendations for the future treatment of intestinal fibrosis. We anticipate that the global review will provides a wealth of fresh knowledge and suggestions for future fibrosis clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Clinical Medical College, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Boya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Rongxuan Hua
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hongwei Shang
- Experimental Center for Morphological Research Platform, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang F, Yue H, Dong R, He J, Zhou L, Dou X, Wang L, Zheng P, Mao Z, Zhu X, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang H. Trigonelline hydrochloride attenuates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by orchestrating fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation. Respir Res 2024; 25:242. [PMID: 38877465 PMCID: PMC11179236 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicosis represents a paramount occupational health hazard globally, with its incidence, morbidity, and mortality on an upward trajectory, posing substantial clinical dilemmas due to limited effective treatment options available. Trigonelline (Trig), a plant alkaloid extracted mainly from coffee and fenugreek, have diverse biological properties such as protecting dermal fibroblasts against ultraviolet radiation and has the potential to inhibit collagen synthesis. However, it's unclear whether Trig inhibits fibroblast activation to attenuate silicosis-induced pulmonary fibrosis is unclear. METHODS To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Trig in the context of silicosis-related pulmonary fibrosis, a mouse model of silicosis was utilized. The investigation seeks to elucidated Trig's impact on the progression of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by evaluating protein expression, mRNA levels and employing Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome, and Sirius Red staining. Subsequently, we explored the mechanism underlying of its functions. RESULTS In vivo experiment, Trig has been demonstrated the significant efficacy in mitigating SiO2-induced silicosis and BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, as evidenced by improved histochemical staining and reduced fibrotic marker expressions. Additionally, we showed that the differentiation of fibroblast to myofibroblast was imped in Trig + SiO2 group. In terms of mechanism, we obtained in vitro evidence that Trig inhibited fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation by repressing TGF-β/Smad signaling according to the in vitro evidence. Notably, our finding indicated that Trig seemed to be safe in mice and fibroblasts. CONCLUSION In summary, Trig attenuated the severity of silicosis-related pulmonary fibrosis by alleviating the differentiation of myofibroblasts, indicating the development of novel therapeutic approaches for silicosis fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huihui Yue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruihan Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianhan He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinran Dou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pengdou Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhenyu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Huilan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhu YT, Liu XN, Lu BT, Cheng YX, Wang YZ. Novel Sesquiterpenoids with Renoprotective Activities from the Fruits of Alpinae oxyphylla as Potent TGF-β1/Smads Phosphorylation Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13138-13153. [PMID: 38814319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq is an important food spice in southern China and has been used in the treatment of kidney disorders for centuries. In order to discover the natural products with potent renoprotective activities in A. oxyphylla and provide some references for its usage, systematic phytochemical studies were carried out and 24 new diverse sesquiterpenoids, including seven guaiane sesquiterpenoids (1-7), 10 eudesmane sesquiterpenoids (9-13, 18, 19, and 21-23), six cadinane sesquiterpenoids (31-35 and 38), and an eremophilane sesquiterpenoid (40), along with 24 known analogues were isolated and elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data and quantum-chemical calculations. Biological evaluation showed that 6 sesquiterpenoids could significantly inhibit the expression of extracellular matrix components, α-SMA in TGF-β1 induced kidney proximal tubular cells (NRK-52e) at low concentrations, and 9 sesquiterpenoids could also downregulate fibronectin and collagen I in a concentration-dependent manner, showing their potential in renal fibrosis. Further action mechanism study displayed that TGF-β1/Smads pathway might be involved in the antifibrotic effects of active sesquiterpenoids 15 and 43. These studies suggest that A. oxyphylla may have a potential to serve as a functional food in preventing renal fibrosis-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Tong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ning Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Tao Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Zhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Matsushita H, Mukudai S, Hashimoto K, Kaneko M, Sugiyama Y, Branski RC, Hirano S. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Channel Alters Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1/Smad Signaling in Rat Vocal Fold Fibroblasts. Laryngoscope 2024. [PMID: 38860441 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vocal fold scar remains a therapeutic challenge. Vocal fold fibroblasts (VFFs) secrete extracellular matrix (ECM), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-mediated fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation is central to the development of fibrosis. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily is a group of nonselective cation channels, and activation of TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel has been shown to have antifibrotic effects through TGF-β1/Smad signaling in various organs. This study aimed to elucidate expression of TRPA1 and the impact of TRPA1 activation on TGF-β1/Smad signaling in VFFs. METHODS Vocal folds were dissected from 10-week-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats and primary VFFs were established. TRPA1 was examined in VFFs and lamina propria via immunostaining. VFFs were treated with allyl isothiocyanate (AITC, TRP channel agonist, 10-5 M) ± TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) ± A-967079 (selective TRPA1 channel antagonist, 5.0 × 10-7 M) for 4 or 24 h. Trpa1, Smad3, Smad7, Col1a1, Acta2, and Has1 mRNA expression were quantified via qPCR. RESULTS TRPA1 was expressed in cultured VFFs and the lamina propria. TGF-β1 administration significantly increased Trpa1 compared to control. AITC alone did not alter Smad3, Smad7, Acta2, or ECM related genes. However, the combination of AITC and TGF-β1 significantly increased Smad3 and decreased Smad7 and Acta2 compared to TGF-β1 alone; A-967079 significantly reduced this response. CONCLUSIONS VFFs expressed TRPA1, and the activation of TRPA1 regulated TGF-β1/Smad signaling in VFFs. These findings provide preliminary insights into potential anti-fibrotic mechanisms of TRPA1 activation through TGF-β1/Smad signaling in VFFs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 2024.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Matsushita
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Mukudai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Hashimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mami Kaneko
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Sugiyama
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryan C Branski
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rameshrad M, Naraki K, Memariani Z, Hosseinzadeh H. Protective effects of Panax ginseng as a medical food against chemical toxic agents: molecular and cellular mechanisms. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03186-5. [PMID: 38861010 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to different types of toxic agents, which may directly induce organ malfunction or indirectly alter gene expression, leading to carcinogenic and teratogenic effects, and eventually death. Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is the most valuable of all medicinal herbs. Nevertheless, specific data on the antidotal mechanisms of this golden herb are currently unavailable. Based on the findings of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies, this review focused on the probable protective mechanisms of ginseng and its major components, such as protopanaxadiols, protopanaxatriols, and pentacyclic ginsenosides against various chemical toxic agents. Relevant articles from 2000 to 2023 were gathered from PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar. This literature review shows that P. ginseng and its main components have protective and antidotal effects against the deteriorative effects of pesticides, pharmaceutical agents, including acetaminophen, doxorubicin, isoproterenol, cyclosporine A, tacrolimus, and gentamicin, ethanol, and some chemical agents. These improvements occur through multi-functional mechanisms. They exhibit antioxidant activity, induce anti-inflammatory action, and block intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. However, relevant clinical trials are necessary to validate the mentioned effects and translate the knowledge from basic science to human benefit, fulfilling the fundamental goal of all toxicologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rameshrad
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Karim Naraki
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Memariani
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Huang J, Ye J, Gao Y, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Lou T, Lai W. Identification of proteins related to SIS3 by iTRAQ and PRM-based comparative proteomic analysis in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17485. [PMID: 38854800 PMCID: PMC11160430 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin is a commonly used nephrotoxic drug and can cause acute kidney injury (AKI). In the present study, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM)-based comparative proteomics were used to analyze differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) to determine the key molecular mechanism in mice with cisplatin-induced AKI in the presence or absence of SIS3, a specific p-smad3 inhibitor, intervention. Methods The cisplatin-induced AKI mouse model was established and treated with SIS3. We used iTRAQ to search for DEPs, PRM to verify key DEPs and combined Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for bioinformatics analysis. We then assessed lipid deposition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and detected the expression of SREBF1, SCD1, CPT1A, PPARα and NDRG1 in vitro. Results Proteomic analysis showed that the identified DEPs were mainly enriched in energy metabolism pathways, especially in lipid metabolism. When SIS3 was applied to inhibit the phosphorylation of Smad3, the expression of NDRG1 and fatty acid oxidation key proteins CPT1A and PPARα increased, the expression of lipid synthesis related proteins SREBF1 and SCD1 decreased and the production of lipid droplets, MDA and ROS decreased. Conclusion SIS3 alleviates oxidative stress, reduces lipid accumulation and promotes fatty acid oxidation through NDRG1 in cisplatin-induced AKI. Our study provides a new candidate protein for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of fatty acid metabolism disorders in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Ye
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine/ICU (Intensive Care Unit), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tanqi Lou
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyan Lai
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ma L, Liu C, Zhao Y, Liu M, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yang S, An J, Tian Y, Cao Y, Qu G, Song S, Cao Q. Anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity analysis of methyl rosmarinate obtained from Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. using a scalable process. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1374669. [PMID: 38895626 PMCID: PMC11183283 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1374669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, irreversible, chronic interstitial lung disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Current clinical drugs, while effective, do not reverse or cure pulmonary fibrosis and have major side effects, there are urgent needs to develop new anti-pulmonary fibrosis medicine, and corresponding industrially scalable process as well. Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib., a unique herb in Nyingchi, Xizang, China, is a variant of S. castanea. and its main active ingredient is rosmarinic acid (RA), which can be used to prepare methyl rosmarinate (MR) with greater drug potential. This study presented an industrially scalable process for the preparation of MR, which includes steps such as polyamide resin chromatography, crystallization and esterification, using S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. as the starting material and the structure of the product was verified by NMR technology. The anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects of MR were further investigated in vivo and in vitro. Results showed that this process can easily obtain high-purity RA and MR, and MR attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. In vitro, MR could effectively inhibit TGF-β1-induced proliferation and migration of mouse fibroblasts L929 cells, promote cell apoptosis, and decrease extracellular matrix accumulation thereby suppressing progressive pulmonary fibrosis. The anti-fibrosis effect of MR was stronger than that of the prodrug RA. Further study confirmed that MR could retard pulmonary fibrosis by down-regulating the phosphorylation of the TGF-β1/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways. These results suggest that MR has potential therapeutic implications for pulmonary fibrosis, and the establishment of this scalable preparation technology ensures the development of MR as a new anti-pulmonary fibrosis medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | | | | | - Mengke Liu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | | | - Shude Yang
- Department of Edible Mushrooms, School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Shandong, China
| | - Jing An
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Guiwu Qu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Shuling Song
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Shandong, China
| | - Qizhi Cao
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yahyazadeh R, Baradaran Rahimi V, Ahmad Mohajeri S, Iranshahy M, Hasanpour M, Askari VR. Intra-peritoneal lavage of Zingiber officinale rhizome and its active constituent gingerol impede inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis following post-operative peritoneal adhesion in male rats. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102092. [PMID: 38737808 PMCID: PMC11087237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-operative peritoneal adhesions (PA) are a common and important clinical problem. In this study, we focused on the ameliorative efficacy of ginger and gingerol compounds on surgical-induced peritoneal adhesion, and their strategies that disrupted the PA formation pathways to suppress their incidence. First, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was established to separate and identify several chemical groups of ginger rhizome extract. In the next steps, male Wistar albino rats were randomly selected and divided into various groups, namely sham, control, ginger extract (0.6, 1.8, 5 %w/v), and gingerol (0.05, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 %w/v). Finally, we investigated the macroscopic parameters such as wound healing, body weight as well as spleen height and weight. In addition, visual peritoneal adhesion assessment was performed via Nair et al and Adhesion Scoring Scheme. Moreover, the microscopic parameters and biological assessment was performed via and immunoassays. The present findings revealed significant improvement in wound healing and reduction of the adhesion range, as Nair et al. and Adhesion Scoring Scheme scoring, in both the ginger and gingerol groups compared to the PA group (P < 0.05). Whereas, gingerol (0.3 % w/v) was able to increase the body weight in rats (P < 0.0001) at end stage of experiment. Also, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis were significantly decreased due to the downregulation of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), respectively, in the ginger and gingerol groups compared to the PA group (P < 0.05). In contrast, the levels of IL-10 were increased in the ginger and gingerol groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01). Our results proved that ginger rhizome and gingerol, as novel therapeutic compounds, could be used to prevent PA for their beneficial anti-inflammatory as well as anti-fibrosis properties in clinical trials. However, further clinical studies are required to approve the effectiveness of ginger and gingerol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Yahyazadeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Milad Iranshahy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jeong HJ, Koo S, Kang YH, Kim TW, Kim HK, Park YJ. Hepatoprotective effects of paeonol by suppressing hepatic stellate cell activation via inhibition of SMAD2/3 and STAT3 pathways. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1939-1946. [PMID: 38752108 PMCID: PMC11091017 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a key event in extracellular matrix accumulation, causing hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, identifying chemicals that inhibit HSC activation is an important therapeutic strategy for hepatic fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of paeonol on HSC activation. In LX-2 cells, paeonol inhibited the expression of collagen and decreased the expression of HSC activation markers. In mice with thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis, paeonol treatment decreased the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase and mRNA expression of α-smooth muscle actin, platelet-derived growth factor-β, and connective-tissue growth factor. Investigation of the underlying molecular mechanism of paeonol showed that paeonol inhibits the SMAD2/3 and STAT3 signaling pathways that are important for HSC activation. On the basis of these results, paeonol should be investigated and developed further for hepatic fibrosis treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01440-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Koo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ho Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
- Brain Busan 21 plus Research Project Group, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
- Brain Busan 21 plus Research Project Group, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joo Park
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shi L, Chen L, Gao X, Sun X, Jin G, Yang Y, Shao Y, Zhu F, Zhou G. Comparison of different sources of mesenchymal stem cells: focus on inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1721-1742. [PMID: 38615278 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses a significant challenge in modern medicine, with conventional treatments limited by efficacy and associated side effects, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have emerged as promising candidates for IBD treatment due to their immunomodulatory properties and regenerative potential. This thesis aims to explore and compare various sources of MSC and evaluate their efficacy in treating IBD. This study comprehensively analyses MSC derived from multiple sources, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and other potential reservoirs. Core elements of this investigation include assessing differences in cell acquisition, immunomodulatory effects, and differentiation capabilities among these MSC sources, as well as comparing their clinical trial outcomes in IBD patients to their therapeutic efficacy in animal models. Through meticulous evaluation and comparative analysis, this thesis aims to elucidate disparities in the efficacy of different MSC sources for IBD treatment, thereby identifying the most promising therapeutic applications. The findings of this study are intended to advance our understanding of MSC biology and offer valuable insights for selecting the most effective MSC sources for personalized IBD therapy. Ultimately, this research endeavor will optimise therapeutic strategies for managing inflammatory bowel disease through the utilization of MSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Shi
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Leilei Chen
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xizhuang Gao
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xufan Sun
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyuan Jin
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Yang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Shao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fengqin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxi Zhou
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li Q, Wang Y, Yan J, Yuan R, Zhang J, Guo X, Zhao M, Li F, Li X. Osthole ameliorates early diabetic kidney damage by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation and inhibiting TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112131. [PMID: 38669945 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osthole is a natural active ingredient extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Cnidium monnieri. It has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-hyperglycemic properties. However, its effect on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains uncertain. This study aims to assess the preventive and therapeutic effects of osthole on DKD and investigate its underlying mechanisms. METHODS A streptozotocin/high-fat and high-sucrose diet induced Type 2 diabetic rat model was established. Metformin served as the positive drug control. Diabetic rats were treated with metformin or three different doses of osthole for 8 weeks. Throughout the treatment period, the progression of DKD was assessed by monitoring increases in urinary protein, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and uric acid, along with scrutinizing kidney pathology. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to detect inflammatory factors and oxidative stress levels. At the same time, immunohistochemical staining was utilized to evaluate changes in alpha-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, E-cadherin, and apoptosis. The alterations in TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway were ascertained through western blot and immunofluorescence. Furthermore, we constructed a high glucose-stimulated HBZY-1 cells model to uncover its molecular protective mechanism. RESULTS Osthole significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, serum creatinine, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, urinary protein excretion, and glomerular mesangial matrix deposition in diabetic rats. Additionally, significant improvements were observed in inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fibrosis levels. The increase of ROS, apoptosis and hypertrophy in HBZY-1 cells induced by high glucose was reduced by osthole. Immunofluorescence and western blot results demonstrated that osthole down-regulated the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway and related protein expression. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that osthole exhibits potential preventive and therapeutic effects on DKD. It deserves further investigation as a promising drug for preventing and treating DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangsheng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jia Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ruyan Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xinhao Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fenfen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Xiaotian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Environment and Health of Henan, College of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou 451150, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lin AE, Scimone ER, Thom RP, Balaguru D, Kinane TB, Moschovis PP, Cohen MS, Tan W, Hague CD, Dannheim K, Levitsky LL, Lilly E, DiGiacomo DV, Masse KM, Kadzielski SM, Zar-Kessler CA, Ginns LC, Neumeyer AM, Colvin MK, Elder JS, Learn CP, Mou H, Weagle KM, Buch KA, Butler WE, Alhadid K, Musolino PL, Sultana S, Bandyopadhyay D, Rapalino O, Peacock ZS, Chou EL, Heidary G, Dorfman AT, Morris SA, Bergin JD, Rayment JH, Schimmenti LA, Lindsay ME. Emergence of the natural history of Myhre syndrome: 47 patients evaluated in the Massachusetts General Hospital Myhre Syndrome Clinic (2016-2023). Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63638. [PMID: 38779990 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Myhre syndrome is an increasingly diagnosed ultrarare condition caused by recurrent germline autosomal dominant de novo variants in SMAD4. Detailed multispecialty evaluations performed at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Myhre Syndrome Clinic (2016-2023) and by collaborating specialists have facilitated deep phenotyping, genotyping and natural history analysis. Of 47 patients (four previously reported), most (81%) patients returned to MGH at least once. For patients followed for at least 5 years, symptom progression was observed in all. 55% were female and 9% were older than 18 years at diagnosis. Pathogenic variants in SMAD4 involved protein residues p.Ile500Val (49%), p.Ile500Thr (11%), p.Ile500Leu (2%), and p.Arg496Cys (38%). Individuals with the SMAD4 variant p.Arg496Cys were less likely to have hearing loss, growth restriction, and aortic hypoplasia than the other variant groups. Those with the p.Ile500Thr variant had moderate/severe aortic hypoplasia in three patients (60%), however, the small number (n = 5) prevented statistical comparison with the other variants. Two deaths reported in this cohort involved complex cardiovascular disease and airway stenosis, respectively. We provide a foundation for ongoing natural history studies and emphasize the need for evidence-based guidelines in anticipation of disease-specific therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eleanor R Scimone
- Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robyn P Thom
- Lurie Center for Autism, Mass General for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duraisamy Balaguru
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter P Moschovis
- Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael S Cohen
- Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Weizhen Tan
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cole D Hague
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katelyn Dannheim
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lynne L Levitsky
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evelyn Lilly
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel V DiGiacomo
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kara M Masse
- Department of Physical Therapy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah M Kadzielski
- Lurie Center for Autism, Mass General for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Claire A Zar-Kessler
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leo C Ginns
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ann M Neumeyer
- Lurie Center for Autism, Mass General for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pediatric Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary K Colvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jack S Elder
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher P Learn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hongmei Mou
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathryn M Weagle
- Department of Child Life, Pediatric Imaging Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen A Buch
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William E Butler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenda Alhadid
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patricia L Musolino
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sadia Sultana
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Otto Rapalino
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zachary S Peacock
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Chou
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gena Heidary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aaron T Dorfman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shaine A Morris
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James D Bergin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jonathan H Rayment
- Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa A Schimmenti
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mark E Lindsay
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Genetics Program, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xu C, Zhang H, Yang C, Wang Y, Wang K, Wang R, Zhang W, Li C, Tian C, Han C, Li M, Liu X, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Luo L, Shang Y, Zhang L, Chen Y, Shen K, Hu D. miR-125b-5p delivered by adipose-derived stem cell exosomes alleviates hypertrophic scarring by suppressing Smad2. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkad064. [PMID: 38765787 PMCID: PMC11102599 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic scarring is the most serious and unmet challenge following burn and trauma injury and often leads to pain, itching and even loss of function. However, the demand for ideal scar prevention and treatment is difficult to satisfy. We aimed to discover the effects and mechanisms of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) exosomes in hypertrophic scarring. Methods ADSC exosomes were isolated from the culture supernatant of ADSCs and identified by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. The effect of ADSC exosomes on wound healing and scar formation was detected by the wound model of BALB/c mice. We isolated myofibroblasts from hypertrophic scar tissue and detected the cell viability, proliferation and migration of myofibroblasts. In addition, collagen formation and fibrosis-related molecules were also detected. To further disclose the mechanism of ADSC exosomes on fibrosis in myofibroblasts, we detected the expression of Smad2 in hypertrophic scar tissue and normal skin and the regulatory mechanism of ADSC exosomes on Smad2. Injection of bleomycin was performed in male BALB/c mice to establish an in vivo fibrosis model while ADSC exosomes were administered to observe their protective effect. The tissue injury of mice was observed via hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining and related testing. Results In this study, we found that ADSC exosomes could not only speed up wound healing and improve healing quality but also prevent scar formation. ADSC exosomes inhibited expression of fibrosis-related molecules such as α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I (COL1) and COL3 and inhibited the transdifferentiation of myofibroblasts. In addition, we verified that Smad2 is highly expressed in both hypertrophic scar tissue and hypertrophic fibroblasts, while ADSC exosomes downregulated the expression of Smad2 in hypertrophic fibroblasts. Further regulatory mechanism analysis revealed that microRNA-125b-5p (miR-125b-5p) is highly expressed in ADSC exosomes and binds to the 3' untranslated region of Smad2, thus inhibiting its expression. In vivo experiments also revealed that ADSC exosomes could alleviate bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis and downregulate the expression of Smad2. Conclusions We found that ADSC exosomes could alleviate hypertrophic scars via the suppression of Smad2 by the specific delivery of miR-125b-5p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaolei Xu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Kejia Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Aerospace Medical Training, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chenyang Tian
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yunwei Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yage Shang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Kuo Shen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang Z, Zhang X, Gao X, Fang B, Tian S, Kang P, Zhao Y. MiR-150-5p Alleviates Renal Tubule Epithelial Cell Fibrosis via the Inhibition of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting ZEB1. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:827-835. [PMID: 38763133 DOI: 10.1159/000538670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although microRNA (miR)-150-5p participates in the progression of renal fibrosis, its mechanism of action remains elusive. METHODS A mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction was used. The in vitro renal fibrosis model was established by stimulating human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). The expression profiles of miR-150-5p, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), and other fibrosis- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-linked proteins were determined using Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The relationship between miR-150-5p and ZEB1 in HK-2 cells was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Both in vivo and in vitro renal fibrosis models revealed reduced miR-150-5p expression and elevated ZEB1 level. A significant decrease in E-cadherin levels, as well as increases in alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type I (Col-I) levels, was seen in TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells. The overexpression of miR-150-5p ameliorated TGF-β1-mediated fibrosis and EMT. Notably, miR-150-5p acts by directly targeting ZEB1. A significant reversal of the inhibitory impact of miR-150-5p on TGF-β1-mediated fibrosis and EMT in HK-2 cells was observed upon ZEB1 overexpression. CONCLUSION MiR-150-5p suppresses TGF-β1-induced fibrosis and EMT by targeting ZEB1 in HK-2 cells, providing helpful insights into the therapeutic intervention of renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Zhang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Yinchuan Guolong Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiangming Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bing Fang
- Department of General Medicine, Yinchuan Meinian Health Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuyu Tian
- Internal Medicine, Yinchuan Guolong Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ping Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yinchuan Guolong Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Haga M, Iida K, Okada M. Positive and negative feedback regulation of the TGF-β1 explains two equilibrium states in skin aging. iScience 2024; 27:109708. [PMID: 38706856 PMCID: PMC11066433 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
During aging, skin homeostasis is essential for maintaining appearance, as well as biological defense of the human body. In this study, we identified thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) and fibromodulin (FMOD) as positive and negative regulators, respectively, of the TGF-β1-SMAD4 axis in human skin aging, based on in vitro and in vivo omics analyses and mathematical modeling. Using transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses of senescent dermal fibroblasts, TGF-β1 was identified as the key upstream regulator. Bifurcation analysis revealed a binary high-/low-TGF-β1 switch, with THBS1 as the main controller. Computational simulation of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway indicated that THBS1 expression was sensitively regulated, whereas FMOD was regulated robustly. Results of sensitivity analysis and validation showed that inhibition of SMAD4 complex formation was a promising method to control THBS1 production and senescence. Therefore, this study demonstrated the potential of combining data-driven target discovery with mathematical approaches to determine the mechanisms underlying skin aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Haga
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Basic Research Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Keita Iida
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mariko Okada
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhao YQ, Ren YF, Li BB, Wei C, Yu B. The mysterious association between adiponectin and endometriosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1396616. [PMID: 38813109 PMCID: PMC11133721 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1396616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is a pleiotropic cytokine predominantly derived from adipose tissue. In addition to its role in regulating energy metabolism, adiponectin may also be related to estrogen-dependent diseases, and many studies have confirmed its involvement in mediating diverse biological processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis, all of which are related to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Although many researchers have reported low levels of adiponectin in patients with endometriosis and suggested that it may serve as a protective factor against the development of the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to provide an up-to-date summary of the roles of adiponectin and its downstream cytokines and signaling pathways in the aforementioned biological processes. Further systematic studies on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of adiponectin may provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of endometriosis as well as potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bing-Bing Li
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|