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Saleh SKH, Hassan KI, Mahmud PHS, Abdalla SS. Assessment of fungal species in some spices using molecular study with detection of their mycotoxins using chromatography analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5889. [PMID: 38752546 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Spices are food flavouring agents that are highly used in Iraq. However, they may be contaminated by toxicogenic fungi and subsequent production of mycotoxins. The aim of this study was to investigate the contamination of commonly used spices with fungi using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and to detect fungal mycotoxin using high-performance liquid chromatography. Thirty-five spices (seven samples from each black pepper, red pepper, turmeric, cumin and ginger) were cultured on an appropriate medium to identify various fungi species. Later on, the toxigenicity of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger was determined using a PCR assay. The fungal mycotoxins, including aflatoxins and ochratoxins, were then determined through a high-performance liquid chromatography using the validated Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuECHERS) method. Aspergillus species were the predominantly isolated fungi, followed by Penicillium and Fusarium. The PCR results indicate the high toxigenicity of A. flavus as 85.7% of the strains had aflQ/aflR genes and 79% had PKS15KS/PKS15C-MeT genes. Regarding mycotoxin contamination in spices, the highest rates of aflatoxins and ochratoxins were found in black pepper (5.913 μg/kg) and red chilli (6.9055 μg/kg), respectively. Spices are susceptible substrates for the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi. Thus, regular effective surveillance and quality control procedures are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakar Kamal Hama Saleh
- Department of Food Science and Quality Control, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Khulod Ibraheem Hassan
- Department of Food Science and Quality Control, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Pari Hama Sharef Mahmud
- Department of Food Science and Quality Control, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Soz Salah Abdalla
- Department of Food Science and Quality Control, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Fernandes FA, Carocho M, Prieto MA, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR, Heleno SA. Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements: balancing out the pros and cons. Food Funct 2024; 15:6289-6303. [PMID: 38805010 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
While the market is full of different dietary supplements, in most countries, legislation is clear and strict towards these products, with severe limitations on their health claims. Overall, the claims cannot go beyond the consumption of a said supplement will contribute to a healthy diet. Thus, the supplement industry has been reacting and changing their approach to consumers. One change is the considerable growth of the nutraceutical market, which provides naturally produced products, with low processing and close to no claims on the label. The marketing of this industry shifts from claiming several benefits on the label (dietary supplements) to relying on the knowledge of consumers towards the benefits of minimally processed foods filled with natural products (nutraceuticals). This review focuses on the difference between these two products, their consumption patterns, forms of presentation, explaining what makes them different, their changes through time, and their most notable ingredients, basically balancing out their pros and cons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa A Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Márcio Carocho
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Sandrina A Heleno
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Wu H, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Gao B, Li Y, He X, Sun J, Choe U, Chen P, Blaustein RA, Yu L. Chemical Composition of Turmeric ( Curcuma longa L.) Ethanol Extract and Its Antimicrobial Activities and Free Radical Scavenging Capacities. Foods 2024; 13:1550. [PMID: 38790848 PMCID: PMC11121704 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a perennial tuberous plant from the genus Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) and has been widely used in foods for thousands of years. The present study examined the ethanol extract of turmeric for its chemical composition, antimicrobial activity, and free radical scavenging properties. UHPLC-MS/MS analysis tentatively identified eight compounds in the turmeric extract. Potential antimicrobial effects of 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg turmeric equivalents (TE)/mL were evaluated in vitro against a variety of Gram-negative bacteria (i.e., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas sp.) and Gram-positive bacteria (i.e., Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria innocua, and Staphylococcus aureus). Concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 mg TE/mL inhibited the growth of S. aureus and significantly suppressed that of Pseudomonas sp., E. faecalis, and L. innocua. The growth of all strains, including E. coli, was inhibited by 10 mg TE/mL. Moreover, free radical scavenging capacities were determined using HO●, ABTS●+, and DPPH● (HOSC, ABTS, and RDSC, respectively) radicals. The turmeric ethanol extract had a TPC value of 27.12 mg GAE/g, together with HOSC, RDSC, and ABTS values of 1524.59, 56.38, and 1.70 μmol TE/g, respectively. Our results suggest that turmeric extract has potential applications for use in functional foods to reduce microbial burdens and oxidative stress-related health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (U.C.); (R.A.B.); (L.Y.)
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (U.C.); (R.A.B.); (L.Y.)
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (J.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Boyan Gao
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (U.C.); (R.A.B.); (L.Y.)
| | - Xiaohua He
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA;
| | - Jianghao Sun
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (J.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Uyory Choe
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (U.C.); (R.A.B.); (L.Y.)
| | - Pei Chen
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (J.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Ryan A. Blaustein
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (U.C.); (R.A.B.); (L.Y.)
| | - Liangli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (Z.L.); (Y.L.); (U.C.); (R.A.B.); (L.Y.)
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Alkhalidi HM, Alahmadi AA, Rizg WY, Yahya EB, H P S AK, Mushtaq RY, Badr MY, Safhi AY, Hosny KM. Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: Biopolymer-Based Aerogels as Smart Platforms for Targeted Drug Delivery. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300687. [PMID: 38430068 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stands as a leading cause of global mortality, with chemotherapy being a pivotal treatment approach, either alone or in conjunction with other therapies. The primary goal of these therapies is to inhibit the growth of cancer cells specifically, while minimizing harm to healthy dividing cells. Conventional treatments, often causing patient discomfort due to side effects, have led researchers to explore innovative, targeted cancer cell therapies. Thus, biopolymer-based aerogels emerge as innovative platforms, showcasing unique properties that respond intelligently to diverse stimuli. This responsiveness enables precise control over the release of anticancer drugs, enhancing therapeutic outcomes. The significance of these aerogels lies in their ability to offer targeted drug delivery with increased efficacy, biocompatibility, and a high drug payload. In this comprehensive review, the author discuss the role of biopolymer-based aerogels as an emerging functionalized platforms in anticancer drug delivery. The review addresses the unique properties of biopolymer-based aerogels showing their smart behavior in responding to different stimuli including temperature, pH, magnetic and redox potential to control anticancer drug release. Finally, the review discusses the application of different biopolymer-based aerogel in delivering different anticancer drugs and also discusses the potential of these platforms in gene delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M Alkhalidi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amerh Aiad Alahmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Y Rizg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, 3D Bioprinting Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam Bashir Yahya
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings and Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Khalil H P S
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings and Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
| | - Rayan Y Mushtaq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moutaz Y Badr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awaji Y Safhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang Y, Yang L, Xue S, Zhang Y, Li Z, Zhang M, Kai G, Li J. Effect of Curcuma longa extract on reproduction function in mice and testosterone production in Leydig cells. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18303. [PMID: 38613362 PMCID: PMC11015391 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcuma longa, best known for its culinary application as the main constituent of curry powder, has shown potential impact on the reproductive system. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Curcuma longa extract (CLE) on Kidney-Yang deficiency mice induced by hydrocortisone and the possible roles in testosterone secretion in Leydig cells. We evaluated male sexual behaviour, reproductive organ weight, testosterone levels, and histological tissue changes in hydrocortisone-induced mice. CLE effectively reversed hydrocortisone-induced Kidney-Yang deficiency syndrome by improving sexual behaviour, testis and epididymis weight, testosterone levels and reducing pathological damage. Our in vitro study further indicated that CLE stimulated testosterone production via upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of steroidogenic enzymes in Leydig cells. It significantly improved H89-inhibited protein expression of StAR and cAMP-response element-binding (CREB), as well as melatonin-suppressed StAR protein expression. The data obtained from this study suggest that CLE could alleviate Kidney-Yang deficiency symptoms and stimulate testosterone production by upregulating the steroidogenic pathway. This research identifies CLE as a potential nutraceutical option for addressing testosterone deficiency diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Zhang
- Department of PharmacyWuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of PharmacyWuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Shan Xue
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yichang Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Zihan Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Min Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Guoyin Kai
- College of pharmacyZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Juan Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina
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Jiang X, Liu H, You Y, Zhong G, Ruan Z, Liao J, Zhang H, Pan J, Tang Z, Hu L. Multi-omics reveals the protective effects of curcumin against AFB1-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in duckling intestines. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109815. [PMID: 38061615 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most prevalent and toxic class of aflatoxins, which is considered a significant risk factor for food safety. Curcumin, a phytoconstituent with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has potential therapeutic value for intestinal inflammatory diseases. In this study, the duckling model susceptible to AFB1 was selected for toxicity testing, aiming to explore the effect of curcumin on AFB1 enterotoxicity and its possible mechanism of action. The results showed that curcumin promoted the growth and development of ducklings and mitigated the changes in morphology and permeability serological index (DAO and D-LA) after AFB1 exposure. Curcumin also mitigated AFB1-induced oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 pathway, and ameliorated intestinal inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB/IκB signaling pathway and boosting intestinal autophagy. In terms of gut flora and their metabolites, we found that curcumin supplementation significantly increased the intestinal flora's abundance index and diversity index compared to the AFB1 group, mitigating the decline in the abundance of Actinobacteria and the rise in that of harmful bacteria Clostridia. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that the protective effect of curcumin on the intestine was mainly through the regulation of AFB1-induced disorders of lipid metabolism, involving linoleic acid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, and glycerolipid metabolism. Overall, the enteroprotective effects of curcumin may be of significant value in the future for treating chronic AFB1 poisoning and also provide new therapeutic ideas for other mycotoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxuan Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Medical Devices Research &Testing Center of South China University of Technology, Laboratory Animal Research Center of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanli You
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai City 264005, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiyan Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Food & Drug Vocational College, No. 321, Longdong North Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Dehzad MJ, Ghalandari H, Askarpour M. Curcumin/turmeric supplementation could improve blood pressure and endothelial function: A grade-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:194-207. [PMID: 38220376 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A number of studies have examined the impact of curcumin/turmeric on blood pressure and the factors allegedly responsible for hypertension. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we tried to sum up the existing literature on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating this hypothesis. METHODS Online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) were searched from inception up to October 2022. We used the cochrane quality assessment tool to evaluate the risk of bias. Outcomes of interest included systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), and pulse-wave velocity (PWV). Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were derived and reported. In case of significant between-study heterogeneity, subgroup analyses were carried out. Significance level was considered as P-values<0.05. RESULTS Finally, 35 RCTs out of 4182 studies were included. Our findings suggested that curcumin/turmeric supplementation significantly improved SBP (WMD: -2.02 mmHg; 95 % CI: -2.85, -1.18), DBP (WMD: -0.82 mmHg; 95 % CI: -1.46, -0.18), VCAM-1 (WMD: -39.19 ng/mL; 95 % CI: -66.15, -12.23), and FMD (WMD: 2.00 %; 95 % CI: 1.07, 2.94). However, it did not significantly change levels of ICAM-1 (WMD: -17.05 ng/ml; 95 % CI: -80.79, 46.70), or PWV (WMD: -79.53 cm/s; 95 % CI: -210.38, 51.33). CONCLUSION It seems that curcumin/turmeric supplementation could be regarded as a complementary method to improve blood pressure and endothelial function. However, further research is needed to clarify its impact on inflammatory adhesion molecules in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Dehzad
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghalandari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Askarpour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Essa HA, El Shebini SM, Moaty MIA, Ahmed NH, Hussein AMS, Mohamed MS. Efficacy of parsley seed-supplemented bread in improving serum osteopontin level and renal health in obese women: A nutritional intervention study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:287-295. [PMID: 38220388 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a global epidemic and a major contributor to chronic kidney disease worldwide. This interventional study aimed to evaluate the effects of a unique parsley seed bread and a healthy balanced diet on serum osteopontin level and renal function in obese women. METHODS A total of 85 obese women (BMI, 35.68 ± 0.47 kg/m2) participated in an 8-week nutritional intervention comprising two phases. In the first phase, participants consumed 100 g of ground parsley seed bread along with a healthy balanced low caloric regimen for four weeks. In the second phase, Baladi bread was substituted for the supplement, providing an equal caloric intake, for another four weeks. Relevant Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, dietary recall, and biochemical parameters (osteopontin, IL-1β, IL-10, kidney functions, and lipid parameters) were assessed before and after each intervention phase. RESULTS Following the initial intervention phase, there were significant improvements in all recorded mean anthropometric parameters (p ≤ 0.001). Lipid parameters and risk factors also significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while osteopontin, creatinine, and IL-1β levels decreased significantly. eGFR, creatinine clearance, IL-10 increased. However, these improved values returned to elevated levels after the omission of the supplement in the second phase. There was a significant negative correlation between osteopontin and creatinine, creatinine clearance, and IL-10. CONCLUSION The combined effect of the novel parsley seed-based intervention and a healthy balanced low-calorie regimen demonstrated improvements in osteopontin level associated with renal disorders, and inflammation, in addition to dyslipidemia in obese women. This suggests a promising approach for improving and protecting kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend A Essa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Salwa M El Shebini
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha I A Moaty
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nihad H Ahmed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M S Hussein
- Department of Food Technology, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda S Mohamed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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Shahrajabian MH, Sun W. The Golden Spice for Life: Turmeric with the Pharmacological Benefits of Curcuminoids Components, Including Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, and Demethoxycurcumins. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:665-683. [PMID: 37287298 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230607124949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, is a perennial rhizomatous plant of tropical and subtropical regions. The three major chemical components responsible for the biological activities of turmeric are curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. METHODS The literature search included review articles, analytical studies, randomized control experiments, and observations, which have been gathered from various sources, such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. A review of the literature was carried out using the keywords: turmeric, traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Iranian medicine, traditional Indian medicine, curcumin, curcuminoids, pharmaceutical benefits, turmerone, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. The main components of the rhizome of the leaf are α-turmerone, β-turmerone, and arturmerone. RESULTS The notable health benefits of turmeric are antioxidant activity, gastrointestinal effects, anticancer effects, cardiovascular and antidiabetic effects, antimicrobial activity, photoprotector activity, hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects, and appropriate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and inflammatory and edematic disorders. DISCUSSION Curcuminoids are phenolic compounds usually used as pigment spices with many health benefits, such as antiviral, antitumour, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, anticancer, and antifungal effects. Curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and demethoxycurcumin are the major active and stable bioactive constituents of curcuminoids. Curcumin, which is a hydroponic polyphenol, and the main coloring agent in the rhizomes of turmeric, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anticarcinogenic activities, as well as beneficial effects for infectious diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Bisdemethoxycurcumin possesses antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-metastasis activities. Demethoxycurcumin, which is another major component, has anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti-cancer activities and is the appropriate candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSION The goal of this review is to highlight the health benefits of turmeric in both traditional and modern pharmaceutical sciences by considering the important roles of curcuminoids and other major chemical constituents of turmeric.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenli Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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Saleem U, Chauhdary Z, Bakhtawar Z, Alqahtani J, Farrukh M, Alsharif I, Baokbah TAS, Shah MA, Blundell R, Panichayupakaranant P. Curcuminoids-enriched extract and its cyclodextrin inclusion complexes ameliorates arthritis in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritic mice via modulation of inflammatory biomarkers and suppression of oxidative stress markers. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:3047-3062. [PMID: 37955785 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01370-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Curcuma longa extract and its marker curcuminoids have potential use in inflammatory conditions. However, curcuminoids solubility and bioavailability are major hindrances to their bioactivity. The current study investigated green extraction-based curcuminoids-enriched extract (CRE) prepared from C. longa and its cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, i.e., binary inclusion complexes (BC) and ternary inclusion complexes (TC), in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mice for their comparative anti-arthritic efficacy. CRE, BC, and TC (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) with the standard drug diclofenac sodium (13.5 mg/kg) were orally administered to mice for 4 weeks. Variations in body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters, along with gene expression analysis of arthritis biomarkers, were studied in animals. The histopathological analysis and radiographic examination of joints were also performed. CRE, BC and TC treatment significantly restored the arthritic index, histopathology and body weight changes. The concentration of C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor and other liver function parameters were significantly recovered by curcuminoids formulations. The pro-inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB, COX-2, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) gene expression was considerably (p < 0.001) downregulated, while on the other side, the anti-inflammatory genes IL-4 and IL-10 were upregulated by the use of CRE and its complexes. The concentration of antioxidant enzymes was considerably (P < 0.001) recovered by CRE, BC and TC with marked decrease in lipid peroxidation, erosion of bone, inflammation of joints and pannus formation in comparison to arthritic control animals. Therefore, it is concluded that green CRE and its cyclodextrin formulations with enhanced solubility could be considered as an applicable therapeutic choice to treat chronic polyarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zunera Chauhdary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zunaira Bakhtawar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jawaher Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Farrukh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ifat Alsharif
- Department of Biology, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tourki A S Baokbah
- Department of Medical Emergency Services, College of Health Sciences-AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Renald Blundell
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Centre, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
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11
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Yang B, Yu N. Traditional Chinese medicine alleviating neuropathic pain targeting purinergic receptor P2 in purinergic signaling: A review. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110800. [PMID: 37913850 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Past studies have suggested that Chinese herbal may alleviate neuropathic pain, and the mechanism might target the inhibition of purinergic receptor P2. This review discusses whether traditional Chinese medicine target P2 receptors in neuropathic pain and its mechanism in order to provide references for future clinical drug development. The related literatures were searched from Pubmed, Embase, Sinomed, and CNKI databases before June 2023. The search terms included"neuropathic pain", "purinergic receptor P2", "P2", "traditional Chinese medicine", "Chinese herbal medicine", and "herb". We described the traditional Chinese medicine alleviating neuropathic pain via purinergic receptor P2 signaling pathway including P2X2/3 R, P2X3R, P2X4R, P2X7R, P2Y1R. Inhibition of activating glial cells, changing synaptic transmission, increasing painful postsynaptic potential, and activating inflammatory signaling pathways maybe the mechanism. Purine receptor P2 can mediate the occurrence of neuropathic pain. And many of traditional Chinese medicines can target P2 receptors to relieve neuropathic pain, which provides reasonable evidences for the future development of drugs. Also, the safety and efficacy and mechanism need more in-depth experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Center for Psychosomatic Medicine,Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Nengwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
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12
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Bradbury J, Wilkinson S, Schloss J. Nutritional Support During Long COVID: A Systematic Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2023; 29:695-704. [PMID: 37102680 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Long COVID is a term that encompasses a range of signs, symptoms, and sequalae that continue or develop after an acute COVID-19 infection. The lack of early recognition of the condition contributed to delays in identifying factors that may contribute toward its development and prevention. The aim of this study was to scope the available literature to identify potential nutritional interventions to support people with symptoms associated with long COVID. Methods: This study was designed as a systematic scoping review of the literature (registration PROSPERO CRD42022306051). Studies with participants aged 18 years or older, with long COVID and who underwent a nutritional intervention were included in the review. Results: A total of 285 citations were initially identified, with five papers eligible for inclusion: two were pilot studies of nutritional supplements in the community, and three were nutritional interventions as part of inpatient or outpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs. There were two broad categories of interventions: those that focused on compositions of nutrients (including micronutrients such as vitamin and mineral supplements) and those that were incorporated as part of multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs. Nutrients included in more than one study were multiple B group vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin D, and acetyl-l-carnitine. Discussion: Two studies trialed nutritional supplements for long COVID in community samples. Although these initial reports were positive, they are based on poorly designed studies and therefore cannot provide conclusive evidence. Nutritional rehabilitation was an important aspect of recovery from severe inflammation, malnutrition, and sarcopenia in hospital rehabilitation programs. Current gaps in the literature include a potential role for anti-inflammatory nutrients such as the omega 3 fatty acids, which are currently undergoing clinical trials, glutathione-boosting treatments such as N-acetylcysteine, alpha-lipoic acid, or liposomal glutathione in long COVID, and a possible adjunctive role for anti-inflammatory dietary interventions. This review provides preliminary evidence that nutritional interventions may be an important part of a rehabilitation program for people with severe long COVID symptomatology, including severe inflammation, malnutrition, and sarcopenia. For those in the general population with long COVID symptoms, the role of specific nutrients has not yet been studied well enough to recommend any particular nutrient or dietary intervention as a treatment or adjunctive treatment. Clinical trials of single nutrients are currently being conducted, and future systematic reviews could focus on single nutrient or dietary interventions to identify their nuanced mechanisms of action. Further clinical studies incorporating complex nutritional interventions are also warranted to strengthen the evidence base for using nutrition as a useful adjunctive treatment for people living with long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Bradbury
- Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Bilinga, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah Wilkinson
- Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Bilinga, QLD, Australia
- National Centre for Natural Medicine (NCNM), Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Janet Schloss
- National Centre for Natural Medicine (NCNM), Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
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Labeling compliance and online claims for Ayurvedic herbal supplements on the U.S. market associated with the purported treatment of COVID-19. Food Control 2023; 148:109673. [PMID: 36778101 PMCID: PMC9901855 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many consumers increased their use of supplements that claimed to support immune health, including Ayurvedic preparations. The goal of this study was to analyze labeling compliance and online claims for Ayurvedic herbal supplements associated with the purported treatment of COVID-19. The physical product labels for 51 herbal supplements labeled as ginger, tulsi/holy basil, amla, vacha/calamus root, guduchi/giloy, cinnamon, ashwagandha, tribulus, or turmeric were assessed for U.S. regulatory compliance. Disease claims, structure/function claims, and general well-being claims were also examined. The online listings for products purchased online (n = 42) were examined for claims and for the presence of the required legal disclaimer. Collectively, 61% of products had at least one instance of noncompliance on the physical label. The most common violations included missing/noncompliant disclaimer (33%), noncompliant "Supplement Facts" label (29%), noncompliant statement of identity (27%) and noncompliant domestic mailing address or phone number (25%). Structure/function claims occurred more frequently in the online product listings (average of 5 claims per product) compared to the physical labels (average of 2 claims per product). Disease claims were observed for 38% of online product listings and on 8% of physical labels. The use of disease claims on herbal supplements is a significant concern for public health because it may lead consumers to delay seeking professional treatment for life-threatening diseases. Overall, this study revealed a lack of labeling compliance among Ayurvedic herbal supplements and a need for greater scrutiny and monitoring of online product listings.
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Luo Y, Shen Y, Zong L, Xie J, Dai L, Luo X. Anti-rheumatoid arthritis potential of Rhododendron molle G. Don leaf extract in adjuvant induced arthritis rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116175. [PMID: 36702447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to test the anti-rheumatic arthritis effects of Rhododendron molle G. Don leaf extract in arthritis rats and inflammatory RAW 264.7 cells. Preliminary analysis and comparison of potential medicinal components of three polar extracts by HPLC and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS SD rats were subcutaneously injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) to induce inflammation on the right hind paw. RAW 264.7 cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to established cell inflammatory model. The volume of rat hind paw was measured with a volume meter to detect swelling, and the weight of rats was measured with an electronic balance. The severity of arthritis in rats was evaluated by arthritis score. The pathological sections of rat hind paw joints were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the contents of IL-6 and IL-1β in serum were detected. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2 genes in RAW 264.7 cells. The release of nitric oxide was measured by Griess reaction. The expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β were detected by Western-Blot. RESULTS and discussion: The chloroform extract from R. molle leaves (CERL), Ethyl acetate extract from R. molle leaves (EERL), n-butanol extract from R. molle leaves (BERL) could significantly inhibit hind paws swelling and reduce arthritis index in arthritis rats. And it showed dose dependence. Compared with tripterygium glycosides (TG) tablets, an effective drug of RA treatment, CERL have better anti-RA effect after administration. In addition, the three kinds of the polar extracts of Rhododendron molle leaves (PERL) had lower toxicity, with the LD50 279.87, 239.65, 500.08 (mg/kg) respectively, while TG group's LD50 was 96.00 (mg/kg). In vitro experiments showed that the three PERLs can significantly inhibit the level of pro-inflammatory factors and inflammatory mediator, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2 and NO, which were consistent with their anti-RA ability. Among the three kinds of PERLs, CERL showed the best inhibitory activity. CONCLUSION The R. molle leaf is a potential medicinal part for the treatment of RA. This study explored the anti-RA and anti-inflammatory activities of CERL, EERL, BERL, which laid a foundation for further promoting the clinical application of R. molle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Luo
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Yu Shen
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Luye Zong
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Jiankun Xie
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Liangfang Dai
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Xiangdong Luo
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
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15
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de Waure C, Bertola C, Baccarini G, Chiavarini M, Mancuso C. Exploring the Contribution of Curcumin to Cancer Therapy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041275. [PMID: 37111761 PMCID: PMC10144810 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the anticancer role of curcumin has been extensively addressed in preclinical research, only a few studies were carried out in humans, with conflicting results. The aim of this systematic review is to collate together the results of the therapeutic effect of curcumin in cancer patients. A literature search was carried out in Pubmed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to 29 January 2023. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designed to evaluate the effects of curcumin on cancer progression, patient survival, or surgical/histological response were included. Seven out of 114 articles, published between 2016 and 2022, were analyzed. They evaluated patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic prostate, colorectal, and breast cancers, as well as multiple myeloma and oral leucoplakia. Curcumin was given as an add-on therapy in five studies. Cancer response was the most investigated primary endpoint and curcumin issued some positive results. On the contrary, curcumin was ineffective in improving overall or progression-free survival. The curcumin safety profile was favorable. In conclusion, available clinical evidence is not strong enough to support the therapeutic use of curcumin in cancer. New RCTs exploring the effects of different curcumin formulations in early-stage cancers would be welcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara de Waure
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Bertola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gaia Baccarini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Manuela Chiavarini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Cesare Mancuso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Pharmacology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
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16
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Shao C, Zhang X, Shao S, Jin F. Application study of curcumin fluorescent complex coated with pharmaceutical excipients for cell imaging. Front Chem 2023; 11:1153729. [PMID: 37007053 PMCID: PMC10060876 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1153729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Taking curcumin as the starting point, β-cyclodextrin was introduced on both sides, and lipid-soluble curcumin was coated by acrylic resin using oil-in-water strategy. Four different types of curcumin fluorescent complexes EPO-Curcumin (EPO-Cur), L100-55-Curcumin (L100-55-Cur), EPO -Curcumin-β-cyclodextrin (EPO-Cur-β-cd) and L100-55-Curcumin-β-cyclodextrin (L100-55-Cur-β-cd) were prepared to solve their own solubility and biocompatibility issues. The prepared curcumin fluorescent complexes were characterized and tested by spectroscopy. The characteristic peaks of 3446 cm−1 (hydroxyl group), 1735cm−1(carbonyl group) and 1455 cm−1 (aromatic group) were determined in the infrared spectrum. In the fluorescence emission spectrum, it was found that the emission intensity of different curcumin fluorescent complexes in polar solvents reached hundreds of times. Through the transmission electron microscopy shows that acrylic resin tightly coats curcumin into rods or clusters. In order to observe their compatibility with tumor cells more directly, live cell fluorescence imaging was carried out, and it was found that all four kinds of curcumin fluorescence complexes had good biocompatibility. In particular, the effect of EPO-Cur-β-cd and L100-55-Cur-β-cd is better than that of EPO-Cur and L100-55-Cur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - Shihe Shao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
- *Correspondence: Shihe Shao, ; Feng Jin,
| | - Feng Jin
- Medical College of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- *Correspondence: Shihe Shao, ; Feng Jin,
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17
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Dehzad MJ, Ghalandari H, Nouri M, Askarpour M. Effects of curcumin/turmeric supplementation on obesity indices and adipokines in adults: A grade-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1703-1728. [PMID: 36882287 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we explored the effect of curcumin/turmeric supplementation on anthropometric indices of obesity, leptin, and adiponectin. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar up to August 2022. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the impact of curcumin/turmeric on obesity indices and adipokines were included. We applied the Cochrane quality assessment tool to evaluate the risk of bias. The registration number is CRD42022350946. Sixty eligible RCTs, with a total sample size of 3691 individuals were included for quantitative analysis. We found that supplementation with curcumin/turmeric significantly reduced body weight (WMD: -0.82 kg, 95% CI: -1.30, -0.35; p = 0.001), body mass index (WMD: -0.30 kg/m2 , 95% CI: -0.53, -0.06, p = 0.013), waist circumference (WMD: -1.31 cm, 95% CI: -1.94, -0.69, p < 0.001), body fat percentage (WMD: -0.88%, 95% CI: -1.51, -0.25, p = 0.007), leptin (WMD = -4.46 ng/mL; 95% CI: -6.70, -2.21, p < 0.001), and increased adiponectin (WMD = 2.48 μg/mL; 95% CI: 1.34, 3.62, p < 0.001). Overall, our study shows that supplementation with curcumin/turmeric significantly improves anthropometric indices of obesity and adiposity-related adipokines (leptin and adiponectin). However, due to high between-studies heterogeneity, we should interpret the results with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Dehzad
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghalandari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Askarpour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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van de Koppel S, Ekhart C, Roelen C, Ohana D, Kooijman M, van Hunsel F. An Indonesian slimming drug with undeclared ingredients causing harm. Drug Test Anal 2023. [PMID: 36808870 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the presence of undeclared drugs in the herbal slimming supplement Sulami®. The four cases of the adverse drug reactions related to Sulami® were reported to the Dutch Pharmacovigilance Centre (Lareb) or the Dutch Poisons Information Centre (DPIC). The analysis of all four collected samples revealed adulteration with sibutramine and canrenone. Both drugs can cause serious adverse drug reactions. From a legal point of view, it is clear that Sulami® does not meet the legal requirement for safety. As defined in the European General Food Law Regulation, food business operators are responsible for food safety. This also applies to online store owners who sell herbal preparations. Thus, it is clear that it is forbidden to sell Sulami® on the European and Dutch market. Collaboration between involved national authorities makes it possible to identify risky products. This allows the nationally responsible regulators to take targeted action. They can call on users to report sell points what makes it possible to arrest the sellers and confiscate the dangerous products. Beyond the national, also, the European enforcement organizations should take legal measures where possible, to protect public health. The Heads of Food Safety Agencies Working Group on Food Supplements "an Initiative on European level" is a good example of efforts to improve consumer safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corine Ekhart
- Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb, Den Bosch, Netherlands
| | - Chantal Roelen
- National Poisons Information Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dana Ohana
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Martin Kooijman
- Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Mitochondria-Targeted Curcumin: A Potent Antibacterial Agent against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a Possible Intracellular ROS Accumulation as the Mechanism of Action. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020401. [PMID: 36830311 PMCID: PMC9952693 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitocurcumin (a triphenylphosphonium curcumin derivative) was previously reported as a selective antitumoral compound on different cellular lines, as well as a potent bactericidal candidate. In this study, the same compound showed strong antimicrobial efficacy against different strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The minimum inhibitory concentration was identical for all tested strains (four strains of MRSA and one strain of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus), suggesting a new mechanism of action compared with usual antibacterial agents. All tested strains showed a significant sensitivity in the low micromolar range for the curcumin-triphenylphosphonium derivative. This susceptibility was modulated by the menadione/glutathione addition (the addition of glutathione resulted in a significant increase in minimal inhibitory concentration from 1.95 to 3.9 uM, whereas adding menadione resulted in a decrease of 0.49 uM). The fluorescence microscopy showed a better intrabacterial accumulation for the new curcumin-triphenylphosphonium derivative compared with simple curcumin. The MitoTracker staining showed an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for a S. pombe superoxide dismutase deleted model. All results suggest a new mechanism of action which is not influenced by the acquired resistance of MRSA. The most plausible mechanism is reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction after a massive intracellular accumulation of the curcumin-triphenylphosphonium derivative.
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20
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Perna A, Hay E, Sellitto C, Del Genio E, De Falco M, Guerra G, De Luca A, De Blasiis P, Lucariello A. Antiinflammatory Activities of Curcumin and Spirulina: Focus on Their Role against COVID-19. J Diet Suppl 2023; 20:372-389. [PMID: 36729019 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2173354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have for several years aroused the interest of researchers for their countless properties, including the management of viral infections. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies and research on the antiviral properties of nutraceuticals have greatly increased. More specifically, over the past two years, researchers have focused on analyzing the possible role of nutraceuticals in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or mitigating the symptoms of COVID-19. Among nutraceuticals, turmeric, extracted from the rhizome of the Curcuma Longa plant, and spirulina, commercial name of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis, have assumed considerable importance in recent years. The purpose of this review is to collect, through a search of the most recent articles on Pubmed, the scientific evidence on the role of these two compounds in the fight against COVID-19. In the last two years many hypotheses, some confirmed by clinical and experimental studies, have been made on the possible use of turmeric against COVID-19, while on spirulina and its possible role against SARS-CoV-2 infection information is much less. The demonstrated antiviral properties of spirulina and the fact that these cyanobacteria may modulate or modify some mechanisms also involved in the onset of COVID-19, lead us to think that it may have the same importance as curcumin in fighting this disease and to speculate on the possible combined use of these two substances to obtain a synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Eleonora Hay
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Sellitto
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Emiliano Del Genio
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ''Federico II'', Naples, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), Portici, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo De Blasiis
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
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Pantiora P, Furlan V, Matiadis D, Mavroidi B, Perperopoulou F, Papageorgiou AC, Sagnou M, Bren U, Pelecanou M, Labrou NE. Monocarbonyl Curcumin Analogues as Potent Inhibitors against Human Glutathione Transferase P1-1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010063. [PMID: 36670925 PMCID: PMC9854774 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The isoenzyme of human glutathione transferase P1-1 (hGSTP1-1) is involved in multi-drug resistance (MDR) mechanisms in numerous cancer cell lines. In the present study, the inhibition potency of two curcuminoids and eleven monocarbonyl curcumin analogues against hGSTP1-1 was investigated. Demethoxycurcumin (Curcumin II) and three of the monocarbonyl curcumin analogues exhibited the highest inhibitory activity towards hGSTP1-1 with IC50 values ranging between 5.45 ± 1.08 and 37.72 ± 1.02 μM. Kinetic inhibition studies of the most potent inhibitors demonstrated that they function as non-competitive/mixed-type inhibitors. These compounds were also evaluated for their toxicity against the prostate cancer cells DU-145. Interestingly, the strongest hGSTP1-1 inhibitor, (DM96), exhibited the highest cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 8.60 ± 1.07 μΜ, while the IC50 values of the rest of the compounds ranged between 44.59-48.52 μΜ. Structural analysis employing molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and binding-free-energy calculations was performed to study the four most potent curcumin analogues as hGSTP1-1 inhibitors. According to the obtained computational results, DM96 exhibited the lowest binding free energy, which is in agreement with the experimental data. All studied curcumin analogues were found to form hydrophobic interactions with the residue Gln52, as well as hydrogen bonds with the nearby residues Gln65 and Asn67. Additional hydrophobic interactions with the residues Phe9 and Val36 as well as π-π stacking interaction with Phe9 contributed to the superior inhibitory activity of DM96. The van der Waals component through shape complementarity was found to play the most important role in DM96-inhibitory activity. Overall, our results revealed that the monocarbonyl curcumin derivative DM96 acts as a strong hGSTP1-1 inhibitor, exerts high prostate cancer cell cytotoxicity, and may, therefore, be exploited for the suppression and chemosensitization of cancer cells. This study provides new insights into the development of safe and effective GST-targeted cancer chemosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Pantiora
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Veronika Furlan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Dimitris Matiadis
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Barbara Mavroidi
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Fereniki Perperopoulou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Marina Sagnou
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Sensors, Beloruska Ulica 7, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maria Pelecanou
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos E. Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +30-2105294208
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22
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Piecuch M, Garbicz J, Waliczek M, Malinowska-Borowska J, Rozentryt P. I Am the 1 in 10-What Should I Eat? A Research Review of Nutrition in Endometriosis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245283. [PMID: 36558442 PMCID: PMC9783589 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic, painful, estrogen-related inflammatory disease that affects approximately 10% of the female population. Endometriosis has a significant negative impact on quality of life. Nutrition may be involved in the development and severity of endometriosis. The purpose of this paper is to discuss in detail the nutritional recommendations for patients with endometriosis. This article discusses the importance of nutrients such as polyphenols, vitamins C, D and E, PUFAs, and iron in the development of endometriosis. Alternative diets, such as the Mediterranean, anti-inflammatory, vegetarian, low-nickel and low-FODMAP diets, have also been presented in the context of their potential beneficial effects on the course of endometriosis.
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Vichakshana GAD, Foo SC, Choo WS. Impact of high-pressure homogenization pretreatment on recovery of curcumin from turmeric by different combinations of extraction and drying methods. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Park HE, Lee W, Choi S, Jung M, Shin MK, Shin SJ. Modulating macrophage function to reinforce host innate resistance against Mycobacterium avium complex infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:931876. [PMID: 36505429 PMCID: PMC9730288 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is the main causative agent of infectious diseases in humans among nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that are ubiquitous organisms found in environmental media such as soil as well as in domestic and natural waters. MAC is a primary causative agent of NTM-lung disease that threaten immunocompromised or structural lung disease patients. The incidence and the prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection have been reduced, while MAC infections and mortality rates have increased, making it a cause of global health concern. The emergence of drug resistance and the side effects of long-term drug use have led to a poor outcome of treatment regimens against MAC infections. Therefore, the development of host-directed therapy (HDT) has recently gained interest, aiming to accelerate mycobacterial clearance and reversing lung damage by employing the immune system using a novel adjuvant strategy to improve the clinical outcome of MAC infection. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the innate immune responses that contribute to MAC infection focusing on macrophages, chief innate immune cells, and host susceptibility factors in patients. We also discuss potential HDTs that can act on the signaling pathway of macrophages, thereby contributing to antimycobacterial activity as a part of the innate immune response during MAC infection. Furthermore, this review provides new insights into MAC infection control that modulates and enhances macrophage function, promoting host antimicrobial activity in response to potential HDTs and thus presenting a deeper understanding of the interactions between macrophages and MACs during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Eui Park
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Wonsik Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sangwon Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea,*Correspondence: Min-Kyoung Shin, ; Sung Jae Shin,
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Min-Kyoung Shin, ; Sung Jae Shin,
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25
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Effects of curcumin and/or coenzyme Q10 supplementation on metabolic control in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr J 2022; 21:62. [PMID: 36192751 PMCID: PMC9528102 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00816-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a cluster of conditions including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and abdominal obesity is linked to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Evidence suggested that intake of curcumin and coenzyme Q10 may have therapeutic effects in the management of MetS. Aims We investigated the effects of curcumin and/or coenzyme Q10 supplementation on metabolic syndrome components including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist circumference (WC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as primary outcomes, and total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) and body mass index (BMI) as secondary outcomes in subjects with MetS. Methods In this 2 × 2 factorial, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 88 subjects with MetS were randomly assigned into four groups including curcumin plus placebo (CP), or coenzyme Q10 plus placebo (QP), or curcumin plus coenzyme Q10 (CQ), or double placebo (DP) for 12 weeks. Results The CP group compared with the three other groups showed a significant reduction in HDL-c (P = 0.001), TG (P < 0.001), TC (P < 0.001), and LDL-c (P < 0.001). No significant differences were seen between the four groups in terms of SBP, DBP, FPG, WC, BMI and weight. Conclusion Curcumin improved dyslipidemia, but had no effect on body composition, hypertension and glycemic control. Furthermore, coenzyme Q10 as well as the combination of curcumin and coenzyme Q10 showed no therapeutic effects in subjects with MetS. The trial was registered on 09/21/2018 at the Iranian clinical trials website (IRCT20180201038585N2), URL: https://www.irct.ir/trial/32518.
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Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Injury in Cultured Primary Rat Astrocyte by Improving Mitochondrial Function and Regulating the ERK Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1731701. [PMID: 35865336 PMCID: PMC9296283 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1731701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenol isolated from turmeric and has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study aimed to explore the effects and possible mechanisms of curcumin on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced injury in cultured rat astrocyte primary cells. Methods After screening for effective doses, the cultured rat astrocyte primary cells were divided into three groups: control, OGD/R, and OGD/R + curcumin (10 μM, 20 μM, and 40 μM). Cell viability was detected using CCK8 assays. The level of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase activity was determined using commercial kits. The endothelial nitric oxide synthase and adenosine triphosphate concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA levels of the inflammatory indexes interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interleukin (IL)-1β were evaluated by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide was used to detect apoptosis. JC-1 was used to assess the mitochondrial membrane potential. The protein expression of apoptosis-related proteins (B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), BCL-2-associated X (Bax), and cleaved caspase 3), mitochondria-related proteins (dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), phosphorylated DRP1 (p-DRP1), and mitofusin 2), and essential proteins of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway (ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2) were analyzed by western blot. Results Our data indicated that curcumin reversed OGD/R-induced cell viability loss, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine production, and cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, curcumin attenuated OGD/R-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions Curcumin protected against OGD/R-induced injury in rat astrocyte primary cells through improving mitochondrial function and regulating the ERK signaling pathway.
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Li G, Duan L, Yang F, Yang L, Deng Y, Yu Y, Xu Y, Zhang Y. Curcumin suppress inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury via p38/MAPK signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1326-1337. [PMID: 35080289 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common disease worldwide with a high mortality and disability rate and is closely related to the inflammatory response. However, the molecular mechanisms during the pathophysiological responses are not completely understood. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of curcumin on TBI and the molecular mechanisms of the p38/MAPK signal pathway. We found that curcumin remarkably ameliorated secondary brain injury after TBI, including effects on the neurological severity score and inflammation. After injection of curcumin, the neurological function score of mice decreased significantly. Curcumin exhibited antiinflammatory pharmacological effects, as reflected by inhibition of inflammatory factors (e.g., interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α). Additionally, curcumin notably reduced the expression of p-p38 according to western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses. In conclusion, curcumin remarkably alleviated posttraumatic inflammation and thus shows potential for treating inflammation associated with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Lab of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Lab of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fengbiao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Lab of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yajun Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Lab of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanlong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Lab of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yinian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Lab of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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28
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Lee YS, Oh SM, Li QQ, Kim KW, Yoon D, Lee MH, Kwon DY, Kang OH, Lee DY. Validation of a Quantification Method for Curcumin Derivatives and Their Hepatoprotective Effects on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:409-432. [PMID: 35723408 PMCID: PMC8929050 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (CM), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) are major curcumin derivatives found in the rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), and have yielded impressive properties to halt various diseases. In the present study, we carried out a method validation for curcumin derivatives and analyzed the contents simultaneously using HPLC with UV detection. For validation, HPLC was used to estimate linearity, range, specificity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ). Results showed a high linearity of the calibration curve, with a coefficient of correlation (R2) for CM, DMC, and BDMC of 0.9999, 0.9999, and 0.9997, respectively. The LOD values for CM, DMC, and BDMC were 1.16, 1.03, and 2.53 ng/μL and LOQ values were 3.50, 3.11, and 7.67 ng/μL, respectively. Moreover, to evaluate the ability of curcumin derivatives to reduce liver lipogenesis and compare curcumin derivatives’ therapeutic effects, a HepG2 cell model was established to analyze their hepatoprotective properties. Regarding the in vivo study, we investigated the effect of DMC, CM, and BDMC on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by a methionine choline deficient (MCD)-diet in the C57BL/6J mice model. From the in vitro and in vivo results, curcumin derivatives alleviated MCD-diet-induced lipid accumulation as well as high triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels, and the protein and gene expression of the transcription factors related to liver adipogenesis were suppressed. Furthermore, in MCD-diet mice, curcumin derivatives suppressed the upregulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, our findings indicated that all of the three curcuminoids exerted a hepatoprotective effect in the HepG2 cell model and the MCD-diet-induced NAFLD model, suggesting a potential for curcuminoids derived from turmeric as novel therapeutic agents for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Seob Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (S.M.O.); (K.-W.K.); (D.Y.)
| | - Seon Min Oh
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (S.M.O.); (K.-W.K.); (D.Y.)
| | - Qian-Qian Li
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (Q.-Q.L.); (D.-Y.K.)
| | - Kwan-Woo Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (S.M.O.); (K.-W.K.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (S.M.O.); (K.-W.K.); (D.Y.)
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- Department of Food Technology and Services, Eulji University, Seongnam 11759, Korea;
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (Q.-Q.L.); (D.-Y.K.)
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (Q.-Q.L.); (D.-Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (O.-H.K.); (D.Y.L.)
| | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (S.M.O.); (K.-W.K.); (D.Y.)
- Correspondence: (O.-H.K.); (D.Y.L.)
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Systematic Review of Medicinal Plants Used for Treatment of Diabetes in Human Clinical Trials: An ASEAN Perspective. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5570939. [PMID: 34691218 PMCID: PMC8528580 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5570939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, there are some medicinal plants believed to treat diabetes, as they have been proven in research studies to possess antidiabetic properties, such as improved insulin sensitivity and hypoglycemic activities, due to their high level of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and glycosides. We conducted a systematic review to identify potential medicinal plants used during human clinical trials in the Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN) countries on prediabetic or type 2 diabetic individuals and to potentially identify any bioactive compounds involved in effectively treating symptoms of diabetes such as lowering of blood glucose. A total of 1209 reference titles were retrieved from four selected databases (Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, and PubMed) and only three met the inclusion criteria. Upon evaluation of the selected articles, four medicinal plants were identified: turmeric (Curcuma longa), garlic (Allium sativum L.), bitter melon (Momordica charantia), and Rosella flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Of these, only the bitter melon study did not show any significant change in the blood glucose of participants after intervention. This review demonstrates the limitations in published articles of human clinical trials for medicinal plants' intervention for diabetes. Upon further investigations on the four identified medicinal plants included in the animal studies, the findings showed positive effects in the management of diabetes, such as hyperglycemia. Hence, further testing and standardization of the methods in the studies can be suggested for human clinical trials for reliable data collections such as methods of extract preparation, duration of intervention, and conditions set for the study design.
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Chabot AB, Huntwork MP. Turmeric as a Possible Treatment for COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia. Cureus 2021; 13:e17829. [PMID: 34660038 PMCID: PMC8502749 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a calamitous perturbation of society worldwide. Anosmia and ageusia (or hyposmia and dysgeusia) have been recognized as two common expressions of COVID-19 infection that linger for days to weeks, and in rare cases are thought to be immutable. Time alone has hitherto proven most effective in their restoration, but turmeric, long believed by some to have medicinal properties, may be a swifter and surer alleviator of anosmia and ageusia. This case series reports the speedy and consequential restoration of taste and smell in two subjects infected with COVID-19 following ingestion of one 1000 mg dose of a turmeric supplement. In view of this, we propose that turmeric be considered in the treatment of anosmia and ageusia caused by COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bert Chabot
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Margaret P Huntwork
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
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31
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Lim LM, Hadinoto K. High-Payload Buccal Delivery System of Amorphous Curcumin-Chitosan Nanoparticle Complex in Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Starch Films. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179399. [PMID: 34502305 PMCID: PMC8430606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery of curcumin (CUR) has limited effectiveness due to CUR’s poor systemic bioavailability caused by its first-pass metabolism and low solubility. Buccal delivery of CUR nanoparticles can address the poor bioavailability issue by virtue of avoidance of first-pass metabolism and solubility enhancement afforded by CUR nanoparticles. Buccal film delivery of drug nanoparticles, nevertheless, has been limited to low drug payload. Herein, we evaluated the feasibilities of three mucoadhesive polysaccharides, i.e., hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), starch, and hydroxypropyl starch as buccal films of amorphous CUR–chitosan nanoplex at high CUR payload. Both HPMC and starch films could accommodate high CUR payload without adverse effects on the films’ characteristics. Starch films exhibited far superior CUR release profiles at high CUR payload as the faster disintegration time of starch films lowered the precipitation propensity of the highly supersaturated CUR concentration generated by the nanoplex. Compared to unmodified starch, hydroxypropyl starch films exhibited superior CUR release, with sustained release of nearly 100% of the CUR payload in 4 h. Hydroxypropyl starch films also exhibited good payload uniformity, minimal weight/thickness variations, high folding endurance, and good long-term storage stability. The present results established hydroxypropyl starch as the suitable mucoadhesive polysaccharide for high-payload buccal film applications.
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Ortiz-Romero P, González-Simón A, Egea G, Pérez-Jurado LA, Campuzano V. Co-Treatment With Verapamil and Curcumin Attenuates the Behavioral Alterations Observed in Williams-Beuren Syndrome Mice by Regulation of MAPK Pathway and Microglia Overexpression. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:670785. [PMID: 34413771 PMCID: PMC8369570 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.670785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a distinctive cognitive phenotype for which there are currently no effective treatments. We investigated the progression of behavioral deficits present in WBS complete deletion (CD) mice, after chronic treatment with curcumin, verapamil, and a combination of both. These compounds have been proven to have beneficial effects over different cognitive aspects of various murine models and, thus, may have neuroprotective effects in WBS. Treatment was administered orally dissolved in drinking water. A set of behavioral tests demonstrated the efficiency of combinatorial treatment. Some histological and molecular analyses were performed to analyze the effects of treatment and its underlying mechanism. CD mice showed an increased density of activated microglia in the motor cortex and CA1 hippocampal region, which was prevented by co-treatment. Behavioral improvement correlated with the molecular recovery of several affected pathways regarding MAPK signaling, in tight relation to the control of synaptic transmission, and inflammation. Therefore, the results show that co-treatment prevented behavioral deficits by recovering altered gene expression in the cortex of CD mice and reducing activated microglia. These findings unravel the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of this novel treatment on behavioral deficits observed in CD mice and suggest that the combination of curcumin and verapamil could be a potential candidate to treat the cognitive impairments in WBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ortiz-Romero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro González-Simón
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Egea
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, IDIBAPS-UB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis A Pérez-Jurado
- Unitat de Genètica, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.,Servei de Genètica, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Campuzano
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
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Sharma A, Hawthorne S, Jha SK, Jha NK, Kumar D, Girgis S, Goswami VK, Gupta G, Singh S, Dureja H, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Effects of curcumin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:1763-1773. [PMID: 34296625 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was aimed at evaluating the anticancer potential of curcumin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) based nanoparticles (NPs) in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells. Methods: Curcumin-loaded PLGA NPs were developed using a modified solvent evaporation technique. Physical characterization was performed on the formulated NPs. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were conducted to study the biological activity of the curcumin-loaded NPs. Results: Curcumin-loaded PLGA NPs demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency and sustained payload release. Moreover, the NPs exhibited a significant reduction in cell viability, cell migration and cell invasion in the MDA-MB231 cells. Conclusion: The study revealed that the formulated curcumin-loaded PLGA NPs possessed significant anti-metastatic properties. The findings showcased the possible potential of curcumin-loaded NPs in the management of debilitating conditions such as cancer. In addition, this study could form the basis for further research and advancements in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science & Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India.,School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saad Centre for Pharmacy & Diabetes, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Susan Hawthorne
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saad Centre for Pharmacy & Diabetes, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - Samuel Girgis
- School of Pharmacy, University of Sunderland, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Vineet Kumar Goswami
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Education city, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Sachin Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144402, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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Ramírez-Venegas G, De Ita-Pérez DL, Díaz-Muñoz M, Méndez I, García-Gasca T, Ahumada-Solórzano M, Zambrano-Estrada X, Vázquez-Martínez O, Guzmán-Maldonado H, Luna-Moreno D. Supplementation with Phaseolus vulgaris Leaves Improves Metabolic Alterations Induced by High-Fat/Fructose Diet in Rats Under Time-Restricted Feeding. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION 2021; 76:297-303. [PMID: 34218401 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Time-restricted feeding and food enriched in polyphenols are strategies to prevent or reduce metabolic disorders. Bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a recognized source of polyphenolic compounds, whose effects on metabolic pathways are not well studied. We evaluated the combined effects of dietary supplementation with Phaseolus vulgaris leaves (10% w/w) (BL) and a 7-h daytime-restricted feeding protocol (RF) under a hypercaloric diet (high fat + high fructose) (HFFD) on the metabolic parameters related to glucose and lipid handling. Adult male Wistar rats were treated for 8 weeks with standard and HFFD diets with or without BL. The results showed that RF improved metabolic alterations induced by HFFD (e.g., hepatic steatosis, increased triacylglycerols, and serum lipoproteins). Supplementation with BL significantly enhanced this effect and downregulated the mRNA expression of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism genes in the liver. These results indicate that dietary supplementation with BL enhances the benefits elicited by RF.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ramírez-Venegas
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México
| | - D L De Ita-Pérez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecula, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230, QRO, México
| | - M Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecula, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230, QRO, México
| | - I Méndez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecula, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230, QRO, México
| | - T García-Gasca
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México
| | - M Ahumada-Solórzano
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México
| | - X Zambrano-Estrada
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México
| | - O Vázquez-Martínez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecula, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230, QRO, México
| | - H Guzmán-Maldonado
- Centro de Investigación Regional del Centro, Univ. de Biotecnología, Campo Experimental Bajío, INIFAP Km 6, Carr. Celaya-San Miguel Allende, 112, Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - D Luna-Moreno
- CONACYT, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Col. Crédito Constructor, Alcaldía Benito Juárez, 03940, Ciudad de México, México. .,Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México.
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Adult autoimmune enteropathy in autoimmune hepatitis patient. Case report and literature review. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101673. [PMID: 33744411 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) is a rare disease characterized by prolonged diarrhea, vomiting and weight loss; although it is mainly a rare pediatric disease, over the years a number of adults have also been found to be affected. In this study, we present a case report of a 73-year-old woman with a history of autoimmune hepatitis, antinuclear (ANA) and positive anti-enterocyte antibodies (AEA), who has suffered two months of intractable diarrhea, nausea, anorexia and severe weight loss. The histological examination of the endoscopic duodenal mucosa biopsies revealed severe shortening and flattening of the villi, resulting in mucosal atrophy. The immunohistochemical study revealed a polymorphic lymphoid population, exhibiting a B cell (CD20+) phenotype in follicles and a T cell phenotype (CD3+) in the diffuse component within the lamina propria. Our patient had a complete recovery after two weeks of taking prednisone and following a gluten-rich diet. To our knowledge this is the first case of autoimmune enteropathy in adults with ANA and AEA 7 years after a diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. To date, the patient is still in clinical remission on a low dose of orally administered predinisone without any additional immunosuppression.
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Armamentarium of anticancer analogues of curcumin: Portray of structural insight, bioavailability, drug-target interaction and therapeutic efficacy. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Marmitt DJ, Shahrajabian MH, Goettert MI, Rempel C. Clinical trials with plants in diabetes mellitus therapy: a systematic review. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:735-747. [PMID: 33884948 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1917380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The chronic metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus is a fast-growing global problem with huge social, health, and economic consequences, having one of the highest morbidities and mortality rates. Prolonged use of many available medications can produce undesirable side effects. Thus, plants appear as an important source of bioactive resources for the discovery of new treatments for diabetes. AREAS COVERED In this sense, this systematic review focused on clinical trials involving plants of National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to the Unified Health System (RENISUS) (or compounds) with antidiabetic properties. We analyzed indexed studies in PubMed following the reporting guidelines of PRISMA. EXPERT OPINION Of the 51 clinical trials found, Curcuma longa, Glycine max, Zingiber officinale, Punica granatum, Aloe vera, Momordica charantia are the species with the greatest amount of clinical trials and the attenuation of insulin resistance, decreased fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels are some of the main mechanisms by which these plants exert hypoglycemic effects. Thus, we speculate that the Clinical Pharmacology should explore the field of plant-based compounds that will keep concentrating the attention of researchers, and therefore, we gathered studies in advanced stages that highlight the role of plants in the diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diorge Jonatas Marmitt
- Programa De Pós-graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Márcia Inês Goettert
- Programa De Pós-graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brasil
| | - Claudete Rempel
- Programa De Pós-graduação Em Ambiente E Desenvolvimento/Programa De Pós-graduação Em Sistemas Ambientais Sustentáveis, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brasil
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38
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Li QQ, Kang OH, Kwon DY. Study on Demethoxycurcumin as a Promising Approach to Reverse Methicillin-Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073778. [PMID: 33917423 PMCID: PMC8038695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has always been a threatening pathogen. Research on phytochemical components that can replace antibiotics with limited efficacy may be an innovative method to solve intractable MRSA infections. The present study was devoted to investigate the antibacterial activity of the natural compound demethoxycurcumin (DMC) against MRSA and explore its possible mechanism for eliminating MRSA. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of DMC against MRSA strains was determined by the broth microdilution method, and the results showed that the MIC of DMC was 62.5 μg/mL. The synergistic effects of DMC and antibiotics were investigated by the checkerboard method and the time–kill assay. The ATP synthase inhibitors were employed to block the metabolic ability of bacteria to explore their synergistic effect on the antibacterial ability of DMC. In addition, western blot analysis and qRT-PCR were performed to detect the proteins and genes related to drug resistance and S. aureus exotoxins. As results, DMC hindered the translation of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) and staphylococcal enterotoxin and reduced the transcription of related genes. This study provides experimental evidences that DMC has the potential to be a candidate substance for the treatment of MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- Correspondence: (O.-H.K.); (D.-Y.K.); Tel.: +82-63-850-6802 (O.-H.K. & D.-Y.K.)
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- Correspondence: (O.-H.K.); (D.-Y.K.); Tel.: +82-63-850-6802 (O.-H.K. & D.-Y.K.)
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Sciarrillo R, Di Lorenzo M, Valiante S, Rosati L, De Falco M. OctylPhenol (OP) Alone and in Combination with NonylPhenol (NP) Alters the Structure and the Function of Thyroid Gland of the Lizard Podarcis siculus. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 80:567-578. [PMID: 33687533 PMCID: PMC8026464 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Different environmental contaminants disturb the thyroid system at many levels. AlkylPhenols (APs), by-products of microbial degradation of AlkylPhenol Polyethoxylates (APEOs), constitute an important class of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs), the two most often used environmental APs being 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects on the thyroid gland of the bioindicator Podarcis siculus of OP alone and in combination with NP. We used radioimmunoassay to determine their effects on plasma 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), 3,3',5,5'-L-thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) levels in adult male lizards. We also investigated the impacts of AP treatments on hepatic 5'ORD (type II) deiodinase and hepatic content of T3 and T4. After OP and OP + NP administration, TRH levels increased, whereas TSH, T3, and T4 levels decreased. Lizards treated with OP and OP + NP had a higher concentration of T3 in the liver and 5'ORD (type II) activity, whereas T4 concentrations were lower than that observed in the control group. Moreover, histological examination showed that the volume of the thyroid follicles became smaller in treated lizards suggesting that that thyroid follicular epithelial cells were not functionally active following treatment. This data collectively suggest a severe interference with hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis and a systemic imbalance of thyroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Sciarrillo
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
| | - Mariana Di Lorenzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Valiante
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
- Center for Studies On Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), Portici, Italy
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40
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Mascolo S, Carleo MA, Contieri M, Izzo S, Perna A, De Luca A, Esposito V. SARS-CoV-2 and inflammatory responses: From mechanisms to the potential therapeutic use of intravenous immunoglobulin. J Med Virol 2021; 93:2654-2661. [PMID: 33150961 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a severe acute respiratory syndrome called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Due to its extreme transmissibility with droplets and human contacts, in a few months, it has become a pandemic. Nowadays, no effective therapy is available, and the scientific community is moving to find a therapeutic choice to fight this silent enemy. Studies are ongoing on several therapeutic options, including antiviral agents, immunomodulant drugs, and immunotherapy. Due to viral features, including the ability to start an inflammatory response that seems to be the fulcrum of COVID-19 pathogenic action, immunotherapy could represent a promising alternative waiting for the vaccine. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), already used in other infectious diseases, could represent an effective help. The aim of this narrative review is to reassemble the clinical experiences on the use of IVIg in COVID-19 and the rationale of its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Mascolo
- UOC Immunodeficiencies and Gender-Related Infectious Diseases, AO dei Colli, Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria A Carleo
- UOC Immunodeficiencies and Gender-Related Infectious Diseases, AO dei Colli, Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Contieri
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Izzo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- UOC Immunodeficiencies and Gender-Related Infectious Diseases, AO dei Colli, Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy
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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiviral Properties of Herbal Materials. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121309. [PMID: 33371338 PMCID: PMC7767362 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, increasing public concern about hygiene has been driving many studies to investigate antimicrobial and antiviral agents. However, the use of any antimicrobial agents must be limited due to their possible toxic or harmful effects. In recent years, due to previous antibiotics' lesser side effects, the use of herbal materials instead of synthetic or chemical drugs is increasing. Herbal materials are found in medicines. Herbs can be used in the form of plant extracts or as their active components. Furthermore, most of the world's populations used herbal materials due to their strong antimicrobial properties and primary healthcare benefits. For example, herbs are an excellent material to replace nanosilver as an antibiotic and antiviral agent. The use of nanosilver involves an ROS-mediated mechanism that might lead to oxidative stress-related cancer, cytotoxicity, and heart diseases. Oxidative stress further leads to increased ROS production and also delays the cellular processes involved in wound healing. Therefore, existing antibiotic drugs can be replaced with biomaterials such as herbal medicine with high antimicrobial, antiviral, and antioxidant activity. This review paper highlights the antibacterial, antiviral, and radical scavenger (antioxidant) properties of herbal materials. Antimicrobial activity, radical scavenger ability, the potential for antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer agents, and efficacy in eliminating bacteria and viruses and scavenging free radicals in herbal materials are discussed in this review. The presented herbal antimicrobial agents in this review include clove, portulaca, tribulus, eryngium, cinnamon, turmeric, ginger, thyme, pennyroyal, mint, fennel, chamomile, burdock, eucalyptus, primrose, lemon balm, mallow, and garlic, which are all summarized.
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42
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Curcumin protects rat hippocampal neurons against pseudorabies virus by regulating the BDNF/TrkB pathway. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22204. [PMID: 33335121 PMCID: PMC7746732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78903-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection can elicit nervous system disorders. Curcumin has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. However, whether curcumin can protect neurons against PRV infection and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, for the first time, the protective effects of curcumin against PRV-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat hippocampal neurons and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) pathway were investigated. Results indicated that PRV with a titer of 3.06 × 106 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) induced oxidative damage of hippocampal neurons 2 h post-infection and that 10 μM curcumin improved the viability of PRV-infected hippocampal neurons. Blocking the BDNF/TrkB pathway reversed the neuroprotective effects of curcumin, which were imparted by decreasing the PRV-induced upregulation of nitric oxide synthase expression, repressing the PRV-activated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and mitochondrial dysfunction. To conclude, curcumin exhibited a neuroprotective role against PRV infection by upregulating the BDNF/TrkB pathway. This study provides insight into the anti-PRV neuroprotective application of curcumin and the underlying mechanism in the prophylaxis and treatment of neurological disorders caused by PRV infection.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Zarrin V, Moghadam ER, Hashemi F, Makvandi P, Samarghandian S, Khan H, Hashemi F, Najafi M, Mirzaei H. Toward Regulatory Effects of Curcumin on Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Across Different Diseases: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:585413. [PMID: 33381035 PMCID: PMC7767860 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune response, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis are juts a few of cellular events that are regulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in cells. A number of studies have documented that TGF-β undergoes abnormal expression in different diseases, e.g., diabetes, cancer, fibrosis, asthma, arthritis, among others. This has led to great fascination into this signaling pathway and developing agents with modulatory impact on TGF-β. Curcumin, a natural-based compound, is obtained from rhizome and roots of turmeric plant. It has a number of pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-diabetes and so on. Noteworthy, it has been demonstrated that curcumin affects different molecular signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Nrf2, AMPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase and so on. In the present review, we evaluate the potential of curcumin in regulation of TGF-β signaling pathway to corelate it with therapeutic impacts of curcumin. By modulation of TGF-β (both upregulation and down-regulation), curcumin ameliorates fibrosis, neurological disorders, liver disease, diabetes and asthma. Besides, curcumin targets TGF-β signaling pathway which is capable of suppressing proliferation of tumor cells and invading cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Zarrin
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Haroon Khan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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44
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Detection of Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin A in Spices by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J FOOD QUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8858889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Spices are one of the flavoring components of food in the cooking recipes of different nations that are used daily. However, these ingredients may be contaminated by toxicogenic fungi and subsequent production of mycotoxins that cannot be neutralized through cooking. In the present study, the possible contamination of spices by aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) was investigated from Shiraz, the south part of Iran. Materials and Methods. A total of 80 spice samples including turmeric (n = 20), red pepper (n = 20), black pepper (n = 20), and cinnamon (n = 20) were purchased from markets and cultured on appropriate medium. The isolated fungi were identified. Simultaneously, mycotoxins from spices were extracted with immunoaffinity columns (IAC) and the occurrence of AFs (B1 + B2 + G1 + G2) and OTA was then determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector (FD). Result. The results depicted that 40 spice samples were contaminated with AFs and 48 samples with OTA. The highest rate of AFs contamination was related to red pepper, in 80% of which the amount of contamination was excessive than the standard level (>10 μg/kg). All black pepper samples were determined to be contaminated with OTA at over legislation limits of >15 μg/kg. Aspergillus species were the predominant isolated fungi, followed by Penicillium, and Mucor species. Discussion. Regarding the high mycotoxins contamination in spices in the current study, regular effective surveillance and quality control procedures are highly recommended. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to empower food-related laboratories with precise methods of isolation and detection of mycotoxins.
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45
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Nadhe SB, Tawre MS, Agrawal S, Chopade BA, Sarkar D, Pardesi K. Anticancer potential of AgNPs synthesized using Acinetobacter sp. and Curcuma aromatica against HeLa cell lines: A comparative study. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126630. [PMID: 32738757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biogenic nanoparticles are gaining attention due to their low toxicity and numerous biomedical applications. Present study aimed to compare the potential anticancer activity of two biogenic silver nanoparticles (bAgNPs and pAgNPs) against human cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa). METHODS bAgNPs were synthesized using Acinetobacter sp. whereas pAgNPs were synthesized using aqueous root extract of Curcuma aromatica. Effect of these nanoparticles on HeLa cells viability was studied using MTT assay and colony formation assay. Anticancer potential was determined using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry studies. Bio-compatibility studies were performed against peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). RESULTS Both the nanoparticles showed 50 % viability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) when used at high concentration (200 μg/mL). IC50 for bAgNPs and pAgNPs against HeLa cells were 17.4 and 14 μg/mL respectively. Colony formation ability of Hela cells was reduced on treatment with both nanoparticles. Acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining demonstrated that bAgNPs were cytostatic whereas pAgNPs were apoptotic. JC-1 dye staining revealed that the mitochondrial membrane potential was affected on treatment with pAgNPs while it remained unchanged on bAgNPs treatment. Flow cytometry confirmed cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells on treatment with nanoparticles further leading to apoptosis in case of pAgNPs. About 77 and 58 % HeLa cells were found in subG1 phase on treatment with bAgNPs and pAgNPs respectively. bAgNPs showed cytostatic effect on HeLa cells arresting the cell growth in subG1 phase, whereas, pAgNPs triggered death of HeLa cells through mitochondrial membrane potential impairment and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Overall, bAgNPs and pAgNPs could be safe and showed potential to be used as anticancer nano-antibiotics against human cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradhda B Nadhe
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Madhumita S Tawre
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sonia Agrawal
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Organic Chemistry Division, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Balu A Chopade
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India; Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, 431004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhiman Sarkar
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Organic Chemistry Division, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Karishma Pardesi
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India.
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Mattonai M, Watanabe A, Ribechini E. Characterization of volatile and non-volatile fractions of spices using evolved gas analysis and multi-shot analytical pyrolysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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After enjoying curry: urine metabolism analysis of curcuminoids by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography with laser-induced native fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1635:461729. [PMID: 33250162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Considering pH-dependent fluorescence of curcuminoids, a microemulsion electrokinetic chromatographic (MEEKC) method was developed under acidic conditions for their separation and detection using laser-induced native fluorescence (LINF), so as to solve the analysis of urine metabolism for curcuminoids. The microemulsion composition was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), and the effects of buffer pH and organic modifiers were systematically investigated. The optimal buffer for the separation of curcuminoids was chosen as follows: 2.8% (v/v) ethyl acetate, 80 mM SDS and 2.8% (v/v) n-butanol to form microemulsion, 28% (v/v) ethanol as organic modifier, and 20 mM phosphoric acid as electrolyte at pH 3.0. Under these conditions, four curcuminoids including curcumin, demethoxy curcumin (DMC), bisdemethoxy curcumin (BDMC) and demethyl curcumin (DEC) could be well separated within 18 min, and the detection limits (LOD, based on S/N=3) were calculated to be 71, 60, 22, and 147 pg mL-1, respectively. Combined with solid-phase extraction (SPE), the developed MEEKC-LINF method has been successfully applied to continuously monitor the curcuminoids and related metabolites in human urine collected from a healthy volunteer after oral administration of curry, testifying that this method has potential for evaluating the pharmacological activity of curcuminoids.
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Di Lorenzo M, Sciarrillo R, Rosati L, Sellitti A, Barra T, De Luca A, Laforgia V, De Falco M. Effects of alkylphenols mixture on the adrenal gland of the lizard Podarcis sicula. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127239. [PMID: 32535440 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Alkylphenols (AP) are widespread environmental compounds belonging to the large family of substances known as Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs). The present study was carried out to assess the effects of Octylphenol (OP) alone and in combination with Nonylphenol (NP) on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis of the lizard Podarcis sicula. Lizards are good bioindicators due to their features such as wide distribution, large population and good sensitivity to contaminants. Results obtained showed a time and dose-dependent stimulation of the HPA together with a high variation of both catecholamine plasma levels and greater vascularization and hypertrophy of steroidogenic cord of adrenal gland after both OP and OP + NP treatments. Interestingly, the OP + NP mixture treatment has provoked a state of stress of the adrenal gland which in fact appeared to be characterized by the presence of a marked macrophage infiltration which can be seen especially close to the connective capsule surrounding the gland. This macrophage infiltration could be an evidence of a particularly pronounced inflammatory state to indicate, probably, an animal's response to a non-physiological situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Di Lorenzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Sciarrillo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Sannio, Via Port'Arsa 11, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Sellitti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Barra
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Laforgia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy.
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Yu X, Yu W, Han X, Chen Z, Wang S, Zhai H. Sensitive analysis of doxorubicin and curcumin by micellar electromagnetic chromatography with a double wavelength excitation source. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:469-478. [PMID: 33118040 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin has been extensively used to treat cancers, and there are recent findings that the anticancer activities can be enhanced by curcumin. Although the two compounds have native fluorescence, they can hardly be quantified directly simultaneously using the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection method. To avoid complex fluorescence derivatization and introduction of interfering components, a highly sensitive double wavelength excitation source LIF (D-W-Ex-LIF) detector composed of a 445-nm and 488-nm commercial laser diode was constructed to detect them simultaneously. Rhodamine 6G was selected as an internal standard, because its fluorescence can be excited at 445 nm and 488 nm. The native fluorescence of doxorubicin and curcumin and their resolution were enhanced by introducing mixed micelles. The optimal electrophoretic separation buffer was 10 mM borate buffer containing 20 mM Triton X-100, 5 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 30% (v/v) methanol at pH 9.00. Therefore, the developed method was specific, accurate, and easily operable. Its limits of detection for doxorubicin and curcumin in human urine samples were 4.00 × 10-3 and 1.00 × 10-2 μg/mL, respectively, and the limits of quantification were 1.00 × 10-2 and 3.00 × 10-2 μg/mL, respectively. The recoveries were 94.9-109.1%. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Wanxiang Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiufen Han
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zuanguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiyun Zhai
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Macêdo IYLD, Machado FB, Ramos GS, Costa AGDC, Batista RD, Filho ARG, Asquieri ER, Souza ARD, Oliveira AED, Gil EDS. Starch adulteration in turmeric samples through multivariate analysis with infrared spectroscopy. Food Chem 2020; 340:127899. [PMID: 32889203 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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