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Ortega-Loubon C, Martínez-Paz P, García-Morán E, Tamayo-Velasco Á, López-Hernández FJ, Jorge-Monjas P, Tamayo E. Genetic Susceptibility to Acute Kidney Injury. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143039. [PMID: 34300206 PMCID: PMC8307812 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a widely held concern related to a substantial burden of morbidity, mortality and expenditure in the healthcare system. AKI is not a simple illness but a complex conglomeration of syndromes that often occurs as part of other syndromes in its wide clinical spectrum of the disease. Genetic factors have been suggested as potentially responsible for its susceptibility and severity. As there is no current cure nor an effective treatment other than generally accepted supportive measures and renal replacement therapy, updated knowledge of the genetic implications may serve as a strategic tactic to counteract its dire consequences. Further understanding of the genetics that predispose AKI may shed light on novel approaches for the prevention and treatment of this condition. This review attempts to address the role of key genes in the appearance and development of AKI, providing not only a comprehensive update of the intertwined process involved but also identifying specific markers that could serve as precise targets for further AKI therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ortega-Loubon
- BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.O.-L.); (E.G.-M.); (Á.T.-V.); (F.J.L.-H.); (E.T.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Martínez-Paz
- BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.O.-L.); (E.G.-M.); (Á.T.-V.); (F.J.L.-H.); (E.T.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.M.-P.); (P.J.-M.); Tel.: +34-9834200000 (P.M.-P.); +34-687978535 (P.J.-M)
| | - Emilio García-Morán
- BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.O.-L.); (E.G.-M.); (Á.T.-V.); (F.J.L.-H.); (E.T.)
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Tamayo-Velasco
- BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.O.-L.); (E.G.-M.); (Á.T.-V.); (F.J.L.-H.); (E.T.)
- Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. López-Hernández
- BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.O.-L.); (E.G.-M.); (Á.T.-V.); (F.J.L.-H.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamnca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Departmental Building Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Jorge-Monjas
- BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.O.-L.); (E.G.-M.); (Á.T.-V.); (F.J.L.-H.); (E.T.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal Ave, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.M.-P.); (P.J.-M.); Tel.: +34-9834200000 (P.M.-P.); +34-687978535 (P.J.-M)
| | - Eduardo Tamayo
- BioCritic. Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.O.-L.); (E.G.-M.); (Á.T.-V.); (F.J.L.-H.); (E.T.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal Ave, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
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Hameed I, Masoodi SR, Malik PA, Mir SA, Ghazanfar K, Ganai BA. Genetic variations in key inflammatory cytokines exacerbates the risk of diabetic nephropathy by influencing the gene expression. Gene 2018; 661:51-59. [PMID: 29605608 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy is the single strongest predictor of mortality in patients with diabetes. The development of overt nephropathy involves important inter-individual variations, even after adjusting for potential confounding influences of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Genome-wide transcriptome studies have reported the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and there is mounting indication of the role of genetic factors. METHODS We screened nine genetic variations in three cytokine genes (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-β) in 1326 unrelated subjects comprising of healthy controls (n = 464), type 2 diabetics with nephropathy (DN, n = 448) and type 2 diabetes without nephropathy (T2D, n = 414) by sequence-specific amplification. Functional implication of SNPs was elucidated by correlation studies and relative gene expression using Realtime-Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Individual SNP analysis showed highest association of IL-1β rs16944-TT genotype (OR = 3.51, 95%CI = 2.36-5.21, P = 0.001) and TNF-α rs1800629-AA genotype (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.64-4.59, P = 0.001) with T2D and DN respectively. The haplotype frequency showed significant risk of seven combinations among T2D and four combinations among DN subjects. The highest risk of T2D and DN was associated with GGTGAGTTT (OR = 4.25, 95%CI = 3.3-14.20, P = 0.0016) and GACGACCTT (OR = 21.3, 95%CI = 15.1-28.33, P = 0.026) haplotypes respectively. Relative expression by RT-qPCR showed increased cytokine expression in cases as compared to controls. TNF-α expression was increased by more than four-folds (n-fold = 4.43 ± 1.11) in DN. TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β transcript levels were significantly modulated by promoter region SNPs. CONCLUSIONS The present study implicates a strong association between cytokine TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β gene promoter polymorphisms and modulation of transcript levels with susceptibility to nephropathy in diabetes subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, India; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GK Medical Trust, Srinagar, India
| | - Shariq R Masoodi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Perveez A Malik
- Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shahnaz A Mir
- Department of Endocrinology, Government Medical College and Associated Hospital, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Bashir A Ganai
- Center for Research and Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
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Increased levels of circulating (TNF-α) is associated with (-308G/A) promoter polymorphism of TNF-α gene in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:2113-2121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kordi Tamandani DM, Naeimi N, Ghasemi A, Baranzahi T, Sadeghi-Bojd S. Analysis of the IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α Gene Polymorphisms in Patients With Vesicoureteral Reflux Among the Southeast Iranian Population. Nephrourol Mon 2016; 8:e34061. [PMID: 27247930 PMCID: PMC4884403 DOI: 10.5812/numonthly.34061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common childhood disorder that is characterized by the abnormal movement of urine from the bladder into the ureters or kidneys. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine whether the genetic polymorphisms of the IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α genes are involved in the development of VUR. Patients and Methods The tetra amplification mutation refractory system-polymerase chain reaction (Tetra-ARMS PCR) was applied to analyze the four polymorphic sites of the IL-10AG-1082, IL-10CA597, IL-12CA1188, and TNF308GA genes in 124 VUR children and 110 healthy controls. Results A significant, highly increased risk of VUR disease was found for the CA, AA, and combined genotypes of IL-10CA597 (OR = 5.2, 95% CL: 1.80 - 18.25; P = 0.0006, OR = 9.1, 95% CL: 1.11 - 122.75; P = 0.02, OR = 5.3, 95% CL: 1.82 - 18.61; P = 0.00052, respectively); the AG, GG, and AG + GG genotypes of IL-10AG-1082 (OR = 12.8, 95% CL; 2.9 - 113.9; P = 0.00003, OR = 12.62, 95% CL: 2.93 - 114.53; P = 0.00003, respectively); and the AA genotype of IL-12 (AA, OR = 0.19, 95% CL: 0.5 - 0.55; P = 0.0006). The frequency of the C allele in both IL-10CA and IL-12CA was greater in patients with VUR than in the healthy controls. No association was found between TNF308GA and the risk of VUR. Conclusions The results demonstrated significant associations between the IL-10 (AG-1089, IL-10CA) and IL-12 (AA) gene polymorphisms and a highly increased risk of VUR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dor Mohammad Kordi Tamandani
- Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Dor Mohammad Kordi Tamandani, Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5412452335, Fax: +98-5412446565, E-mail: dor_kordi @yahoo.com
| | - Nasim Naeimi
- Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Ali Ghasemi
- Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Taybe Baranzahi
- Children and Adolescent Health Research Center Zahedan, University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Simin Sadeghi-Bojd
- Children and Adolescent Health Research Center Zahedan, University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
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Jang HG, Choi Y, Kim JO, Jeon YJ, Rah H, Cho SH, Kim JH, Lee WS, Kim NK. Polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (-863C>A, -857C>T and +488G>A) are associated with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss in Korean women. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:506-11. [PMID: 27083536 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in TNF-a have been reported as genetic risk factors for recurrent spontaneous abortion and TNF-α may be immunologically important. We therefore examined the contribution of several TNF-a mutations to this phenomenon. The study participants consisted of 388 patients with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), which was diagnosed on the basis of at least two consecutive spontaneous abortions; control subjects were 224 healthy women with a history of successful pregnancies. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed to determine the TNF-α -863C>A, -857C>T, and +488G>A genotypes. The TNF-α -863C>A variants correlated with increased risk of RPL (CA+AA; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.142; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.493-3.074). These data did not differ in a stratified analysis according to number of consecutive spontaneous abortions. In haplotype analysis, there were similar trends of data for combination analysis, but in patients with 3+ pregnancy losses, a stratified analysis revealed that this correlation did not increase directly with the number of pregnancy losses. The TNF-α -863C>A variant is a possible genetic risk factor for idiopathic RPL in Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Geun Jang
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, South Korea
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, South Korea
| | - Jung Oh Kim
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, South Korea
| | - Young Joo Jeon
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, South Korea
| | - HyungChul Rah
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, South Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Cho
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyang Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, South Korea
| | - Woo Sik Lee
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul 135-081, South Korea.
| | - Nam Keun Kim
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, South Korea.
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Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β gene polymorphisms and risk of brain abscess in North Indian population. Cytokine 2015; 75:159-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Singh K, Prasad KN, Mishra P, Singh SK, Kharwar NK, Prasad N, Gupta A, Srivastava JK. Association of tumour necrosis factor-α polymorphism in patients with end stage renal disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2015; 20:387-91. [DOI: 10.1111/nep.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamini Singh
- Department of Microbiology; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology; Amity University; Lucknow India
| | - Kashi Nath Prasad
- Department of Microbiology; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
| | - Priyanka Mishra
- Department of Microbiology; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
| | - Satyendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Microbiology; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kharwar
- Department of Microbiology; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
| | - Narayan Prasad
- Department of Nephrology; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
| | - Amit Gupta
- Department of Nephrology; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
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Sikka R, Raina P, Matharoo K, Bandesh K, Bhatia R, Chakrabarti S, Bhanwer AJS. TNF-α (g.-308 G > A) and ADIPOQ (g. + 45 T > G) gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes and microvascular complications in the region of Punjab (North-West India). Curr Eye Res 2014; 39:1042-51. [PMID: 24655058 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2014.892998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aims to examine the association of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) g.-308 G > A and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) g. + 45 T > G gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its microvascular complications diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 672 individuals were analysed from the North-West population of Punjab. Genotyping was accomplished by a combination of allele specific amplification refractory mutation system and restriction digestion for TNF-α g. - 308 G > A and ADIPOQ g. + 45 T > G polymorphisms, respectively. Further, in silico modeling was done to predict secondary structure of mRNA for g. + 45 T > G polymorphism in the ADIPOQ gene by RNA fold. RESULTS The minor allele frequency observed in the controls for the TNF-α G > A and ADIPOQ T > G polymorphisms were 0.07 and 0.10, respectively. The results show no significant association with TNF-α g. - 308 G > A polymorphism in T2D as well as in any of the microvascular complication. However, the ADIPOQ g. + 45 T > G polymorphism shows significant association in T2D (p = 0.048) and DR (p = 0.001) but in DN patients, no association was observed. Interactive analysis revealed that the two polymorphisms jointly conferred a 1.45-fold risk towards the occurrence of T2D [p = 0.031; OR = 1.45 (1.03-2.05)]. In the secondary structure of mRNA, slight free energy change was observed between the wild ( - 1370.28 kcal/mol) and variant allele (-1369.08 kcal/mol). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated a higher risk of T2D and DR in the background of ADIPOQ TT genotype. Further, the ADIPOQ g. + 45 T > G and TNF-α g. - 308 G > A polymorphisms jointly give 1.45-fold risk towards T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhi Sikka
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University , Amritsar, Punjab , India
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DNA methylation status of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene promoter in peripheral blood of end-stage renal disease patients. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 41:683-8. [PMID: 24363223 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2906-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. DNA methylation is a major epigenetic modification of the genome that has the potential to silence gene expression. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene inactivation was recognized as a predisposing factor of hyperhomocysteinemia in renal patients. The current study aimed to determine the methylation status within the MTHFR promoter region in DNA isolated from peripheral blood of ESRD patients and controls and the correlation of this methylation with the clinical and biochemical characteristics in ESRD patients. Ninety-six ESRD patients and 96 healthy ethnically, age and gender matched controls were included within the study. MTHFR promoter methylation was assessed using methylation specific polymerase chain reaction. The frequency of MTHFR methylation was significantly higher in ESRD patients than in controls (P = 0.003), additionally, MTHFR methylation was associated to a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and an increase in both serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Data generated from this study suggest the possible involvement of MTHFR promoter methylation in the pathogenesis of ESRD and support a new dimension of MTHFR inactivation.
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Sener EF, Taheri S, Korkmaz K, Zararsiz G, Serhatlioglu F, Unal A, Emirogullari ON, Ozkul Y. Association of TNF-α -308 G > A and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms in hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula thrombosis. Int Urol Nephrol 2013; 46:1419-25. [PMID: 24126814 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-013-0580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF - α) -308 G > A promoter polymorphism seems to be associated with adverse clinical outcome in hemodialysis patients (HD). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene may be the causative factor contributing to the deterioration of renal functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vascular access failure and the genetic polymorphisms of ACE and TNF-α gene. METHODS We enrolled and genotyped 47 HD patients with arteriovenous fistula (AVF) thrombosis, 51 HD patients without AVF thrombosis, and 40 healthy controls. The genotypes of these polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS The genotype distribution of TNF-α -308 G > A in patients with thrombosis was significantly different from the patients without thrombosis (p = 0.008). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of ACE I/D polymorphism (p = 0.213). CONCLUSION Our results propose that TNF-α -308 G > A genotype may be a potential genetic marker on HD patients with AVF thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Funda Sener
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University Medical School, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey,
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Lindholm E, Bakhtadze E, Cilio C, Agardh E, Groop L, Agardh CD. Association between TNF-α -308G/A polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy risk: a meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2013; 3:e2546. [PMID: 18575614 PMCID: PMC2429972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Several candidate genes on the short arm of chromosome 6 including the HLA locus, TNF, LTA and AGER could be associated with late diabetic complications. The aim of our study was therefore to explore whether polymorphisms (TNF -308 G→A, LTA T60N C→A and AGER -374 T→A) in these genes alone or together (as haplotypes) increased the risk for diabetic complications. Methodology/Principal Findings The studied polymorphisms were genotyped in 742 type 1 and 2957 type 2 diabetic patients as well as in 206 non-diabetic control subjects. The Haploview program was used to analyze putative linkage disequilibrium between studied polymorphisms. The TNF, LTA and AGER polymorphisms were associated with the HLA-DQB1 risk genotypes. The AGER -374 A allele was more common in type 1 diabetic patients with than without diabetic nephropathy (31.2 vs. 28.4%, p = 0.007). In a logistic regression analysis, the LTA but not the AGER polymorphism was associated with diabetic nephropathy (OR 2.55[1.11–5.86], p = 0.03). The AGER -374 A allele was associated with increased risk of sight threatening retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients (1.65[1.11–2.45], p = 0.01) and also with increased risk for macrovascular disease in type 1 diabetic patients (OR 2.05[1.19–3.54], p = 0.01), but with decreased risk for macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients (OR 0.66[0.49–0.90], p = 0.009). The TNF A allele was associated with increased risk for macrovascular complications in type 2 (OR 1.53 [1.04–2.25], p = 0.03, but not in type 1 diabetic patients. Conclusions/Significance The association between diabetic complications and LTA, TNF and AGER polymorphisms is complex, with partly different alleles conferring susceptibility in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. We can not exclude the possibility that the genes are part of a large haplotype block that also includes HLA-DQB1 risk genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eero Lindholm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University Hospital MAS, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Susantitaphong P, Perianayagam MC, Tighiouart H, Liangos O, Bonventre JV, Jaber BL. Tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter polymorphism and severity of acute kidney injury. Nephron Clin Pract 2013; 123:67-73. [PMID: 23796916 DOI: 10.1159/000351684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the pathobiology of acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS We explored the association of a functional polymorphism in the promoter region (rs1800629) of the TNFA gene with severity of AKI, as defined by level of glomerular filtration (serum cystatin C and creatinine) and tubular injury (urinary NAG, KIM-1, α-GST, and π-GST) markers, in 262 hospitalized adults. RESULTS In unadjusted analyses, compared with the GG genotype, the TNFA GA and AA genotype groups tended to have higher enrollment (p = 0.08), peak (p = 0.004), and discharge (p = 0.004) serum creatinine levels, and the AA genotype tended to have a higher enrollment serum cystatin C level (p = 0.04). Compared with the GG genotype, the TNFA GA and AA genotype groups tended to have a higher urinary KIM-1 level (p = 0.03), and the AA genotype group tended to have a higher urinary π-GST level (p = 0.03). After adjustment for sex, race, age, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, sepsis, and dialysis requirement, compared with the GG genotype, the TNFA minor A-allele group had a higher peak serum creatinine of 1.03 mg/dl (0.43, 1.63; p = 0.001) and a higher urinary KIM-1 (relative ratio: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.59; p = 0.008). The TNFA minor A-allele group also had a higher Multiple Organ Failure score of 0.26 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.49; p = 0.024) after adjustment for sex, race, age, and sepsis. CONCLUSIONS The TNFA rs1800629 gene polymorphism is associated with markers of kidney disease severity and distant organ dysfunction among patients with AKI. Larger studies are needed to confirm these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweena Susantitaphong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Kidney and Dialysis Research Laboratory, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass., USA
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Buraczynska M, Mierzicki P, Buraczynska K, Dragan M, Ksiazek A. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Gene Polymorphism Correlates with Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease. Mol Diagn Ther 2012; 11:257-63. [PMID: 17705580 DOI: 10.1007/bf03256247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine. Through its effects on lipid metabolism and endothelial function, TNFalpha is involved in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have studied two polymorphisms in the promoter region of the TNFalpha gene (TNF -308G/A and TNF -238G/A) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with and without CVD. The aim was to assess the association of these polymorphisms with ESRD and cardiovascular comorbidity in hemodialyzed patients. METHODS A total of 603 patients with ESRD treated with hemodialysis (382 patients with CVD) and 325 healthy control subjects were genotyped for the TNF -308G/A and TNF -238G/A ploymorphisms by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) procedure. RESULTS The A allele of the TNF -308 polymorphism was more frequent in the ESRD group than in control individuals. The odds ratio (OR) for the risk allele was 2.05 (95% CI 1.48, 2.84). In the subgroup of ESRD patients with CVD, the OR was 5.76 (95% CI 3.67, 9.03) relative to ESRD patients without CVD. There was no association observed between the TNF -238 polymorphism and renal failure or CVD in ESRD patients. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate for the first time that the A allele of the TNF -308 polymorphism is associated with CVD in hemodialyzed ESRD patients. If confirmed in prospective studies, it may be a predictor of increased susceptibility to CVD in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Buraczynska
- Laboratory for DNA Analysis and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Nephrology, Skubiszewski Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
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A novel exonic variant (221delT) in the LGALS13 gene encoding placental protein 13 (PP13) is associated with preterm labour in a low risk population. J Reprod Immunol 2009; 82:166-73. [PMID: 19818512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Predicting adverse pregnancy outcome in low risk patients in a community with poor socio-economic circumstances is difficult, yet about 5% of these pregnancies will result in preterm labour or severe pre-eclampsia. In this study we aimed to identify markers in pro- and anti-inflammatory genes that may contribute to disease and possibly disease prediction in a low risk community setting. A prospective study was undertaken on 450 consecutive low risk primigravid patients. Blood obtained at first booking was screened for known immunological gene variants (IL4 -590, IL1B +3953, IL1RN, IL10 -1082; -819; -592 and TNFA -308; -238; +488) as well as for novel variants in the LGALS13 gene coding for placental protein 13 (PP13). The incidence of preterm labour and pre-eclampsia was 7.1% and 6.8% respectively. A novel exonic variant (221delT) in the LGALS13 gene increased the risk for preterm labour in the total study group (relative risk RR 2.27). Maternal carriage of the interleukin-1 RN*2 allele was associated with an increased risk of hypertension in pregnancy in the Coloured subgroup of the study cohort (RR 2.53). There was an increased risk for preterm labour in the same subgroup with carriage of the TNFA -308 A-allele (TNF2) (RR 2.53). No significance was found for the other variants examined. We conclude that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in certain genes regulating implantation and inflammation may contribute to the complex etiology of pre-eclampsia and preterm labour. The association between the 221delT deletion and adverse pregnancy outcome needs to be confirmed in different populations.
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Manchanda PK, Kumar A, Sharma RK, Goel H, Mittal RD. Association of pro/anti-inflammatory cytokine gene variants in renal transplant patients with allograft outcome and cyclosporine immunosuppressant levels. Biologics 2009; 2:875-84. [PMID: 19707465 PMCID: PMC2727909 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
T-helper (Th) type 1/Th2 cytokines are key mediators in induction/effecter phases of all immune and inflammatory responses playing role in acute/chronic renal allograft rejection. Association studies lead to identification of patient risk profiles enabling individualization of level of immunosuppressions. We investigated the association of allograft rejection with interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) −308, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) (C-del, codon 10 and 25) gene variants in 184 renal transplant recipients and 180 controls. These cytokine genotypes were also evaluated with cyclosporine levels (C2) at one month in 135 stable recipients. High producing genotypes B1B1 of IL-4 and AA of TNF-α α308 showed significant association with rejection of allograft. The dose-adjusted C2 levels were significantly lower in patients with the high producing genotype T/T of IL-2 and heterozygous G/C of TGF-β codon 25 (P = 0.012 and 0.010, respectively). Haplotype frequencies were comparable in subjects for TGF-β codon-10 and 25. Combined inter-gene interaction showed high risk for rejection in recipients with high producing genotype B1B1 of IL-4 and AA of TNF-α and high TNF-α (AA) with low TGF-β (CC or Pro/Pro). In conclusion, association of IL-4 VNTR and TNF-α −308 suggested the involvement of these cytokines contributing to pathogenesis of allograft rejection. Recipients with TT genotype of IL-2 and GC of TGF-β codon 25 having low C2 levels may require higher cyclosporine dosage. Combined analysis of gene-gene interaction demonstrated synergistic effect of cytokines increasing risk for rejection. Thus, this information may help in pre-assessment of allograft outcome and to optimize cyclosporine therapy in post-transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeet Kaur Manchanda
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Manchanda PK, Singh R, Mittal RD. Cytokine (IL-10 -1082 and -819) and chemokine receptor (CCR2 and CCR5) gene polymorphism in North Indian patients with end-stage renal disease. DNA Cell Biol 2009; 28:177-83. [PMID: 19196047 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2008.0822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with the inflammatory state characterized by infiltrating macrophages/lymphocytes, a major source of cytokines and chemokines. This study examined the role of genetic polymorphisms in cytokine, IL-10, and chemokine receptors, CCR2 and CCR5, with susceptibility to ESRD. Polymorphisms in IL-10 (-1082 G/A, PCR-RFLP; -819 C/T, ARMS-PCR), CCR2 (Val/Ile, PCR-RFLP), and CCR5Delta32 were detected in 184 ESRD patients and 180 controls. Our results demonstrated a significant difference in genotype frequencies of IL-10 -1082G/A (p<0.001), IL-10 -819C/T (p=0.007), and CCR2Val/Ile (p=0.033) between ESRD patients and controls. However, only low-producing genotype AA of IL-10 -1082G/A showed significantly threefold higher risk for all ESRD patients (odds ratio [OR]=3.164, 95%CI=1.74-5.72) as well as patients with only inflammatory causes of renal diseases (OR=2.979, 95%CI=1.61-5.52). No risk was seen in variant genotype of other genes. The genotypic frequencies of CCR5Delta32 were comparable in patients and controls (p=0.203). In haplotype analysis, A-T haplotype (low producer) of IL-10 showed 1.7-fold risk (p>0.05). No risk was seen for CCR2 and CCR5 haplotypes. The AA genotype of IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism was associated with increased susceptibility to ESRD. This study implies the basis for defined antiinflammatory approaches to impede renal disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeet Kaur Manchanda
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Kaur G, Rapthap CC, Kumar N, Kumar S, Neolia S, Mehra NK. Frequency distribution of cytokine gene polymorphisms in the healthy North Indian population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 69:113-20. [PMID: 17257312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00740.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The allelic and genotype frequencies corresponding to 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 13 cytokine genes interleukin (IL) 1-alpha (T/C -889), IL1-beta (C/T -511, T/C +3962), IL12 (C/A -1188), interferon-gamma (A/T UTR 5644), transforming growth factor-beta (C/T codon 10, G/C codon 25), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (G/A -308, G/A -238), IL2 (T/G -330, G/T +160), IL4 (T/G -1098, T/C -590, T/C -33), IL6 (G/C -174, G/A nt 565), IL10 (G/A -1082, C/T -819, C/A -592), IL1R (C/T pst11970), IL1RA (T/C mspa111100) and IL4RA (G/A +1902) were determined in 130 healthy North Indian subjects. All genomic typings were performed with polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific assays. An analysis of the allelic and haplotype frequencies in the North Indian population showed a good fit with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for most of the SNPs. The data can be used for anthropological comparisons, as well as for association studies with different diseases and for use in transplant situations involving acute and chronic rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kaur
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
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