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Yoshida M, Uemura T, Mizoi M, Waragai M, Sakamoto A, Terui Y, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K. Urinary Amino Acid-Conjugated Acrolein and Taurine as New Biomarkers for Detection of Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 92:361-369. [PMID: 36744340 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), is one of the serious diseases at advanced age, and its early detection is important for maintaining quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVE In this study, we sought novel biomarkers for dementia in urine. METHODS Samples of urine were collected from 57 control subjects without dementia, 62 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and 42 AD patients. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was evaluated when subjects were examined by medical doctors. Urinary amino acid (lysine)-conjugated acrolein (AC-Acro) was measured using N ɛ-(3-formyl-3, 4-dehydropiperidine) lysine (FDP-Lys) ELISA kit, and taurine content was measured using a taurine assay kit. Values were normalized by creatinine content which was measured with the colorimetric assay kit. RESULTS We found that urinary amino acid (lysine)-conjugated acrolein (AC-Acro) and taurine negatively correlated with MMSE score and are significantly lower in dementia patients compared to the normal subjects. When AC-Acro and taurine were evaluated together with age using an artificial neural network model, median relative risk values for subjects with AD, subjects with mild cognitive impairment, and control subjects were 0.96, 0.53, and 0.06, respectively. CONCLUSION Since urine is relatively easy to collect, our findings provide a novel biomarker for dementia without invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Yoshida
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uemura
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Mizoi
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Akihiko Sakamoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Terui
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuei Igarashi
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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2
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Polonikov A, Bocharova I, Azarova I, Klyosova E, Bykanova M, Bushueva O, Polonikova A, Churnosov M, Solodilova M. The Impact of Genetic Polymorphisms in Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase, a Key Enzyme of Glutathione Biosynthesis, on Ischemic Stroke Risk and Brain Infarct Size. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040602. [PMID: 35455093 PMCID: PMC9032935 DOI: 10.3390/life12040602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore whether polymorphisms in genes encoding the catalytic (GCLC) and modifier (GCLM) subunits of glutamate-cysteine ligase, a rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione synthesis, play a role in the development of ischemic stroke (IS) and the extent of brain damage. A total of 1288 unrelated Russians, including 600 IS patients and 688 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects, were enrolled for the study. Nine common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GCLC and GCLM genes were genotyped using the MassArray-4 system. SNP rs2301022 of GCLM was strongly associated with a decreased risk of ischemic stroke regardless of sex and age (OR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.24−0.62, p < 0.0001). Two common haplotypes of GCLM possessed protective effects against ischemic stroke risk (p < 0.01), but exclusively in nonsmoker patients. Infarct size was increased by polymorphisms rs636933 and rs761142 of GCLC. The mbmdr method enabled identifying epistatic interactions of GCLC and GCLM gene polymorphisms with known IS susceptibility genes that, along with environmental risk factors, jointly contribute to the disease risk and brain infarct size. Understanding the impact of genes and environmental factors on glutathione metabolism will allow the development of effective strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Polonikov
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia; (E.K.); (M.B.); (O.B.); (A.P.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Iuliia Bocharova
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy Street, 308015 Belgorod, Russia; (I.B.); (M.C.)
- Division of Neurosurgery, Kursk Regional Clinical Hospital, 45a Sumskaya, 305027 Kursk, Russia
| | - Iuliia Azarova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia;
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Elena Klyosova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia; (E.K.); (M.B.); (O.B.); (A.P.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Marina Bykanova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia; (E.K.); (M.B.); (O.B.); (A.P.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Olga Bushueva
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia; (E.K.); (M.B.); (O.B.); (A.P.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Anna Polonikova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia; (E.K.); (M.B.); (O.B.); (A.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy Street, 308015 Belgorod, Russia; (I.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Maria Solodilova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia; (E.K.); (M.B.); (O.B.); (A.P.); (M.S.)
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3
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Igarashi K, Kashiwagi K. Functional roles of polyamines and their metabolite acrolein in eukaryotic cells. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1473-1492. [PMID: 34546444 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03073-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Among low molecular weight substances, polyamines (spermidine, spermine and their precursor putrescine) are present in eukaryotic cells at the mM level together with ATP and glutathione. It is expected therefore that polyamines play important roles in cell proliferation and viability. Polyamines mainly exist as a polyamine-RNA complex and regulate protein synthesis. It was found that polyamines enhance translation from inefficient mRNAs. The detailed mechanisms of polyamine stimulation of specific kinds of protein syntheses and the physiological functions of these proteins are described in this review. Spermine is metabolized into acrolein (CH2 = CH-CHO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by spermine oxidase. Although it is thought that cell damage is mainly caused by reactive oxygen species (O2-, H2O2, and •OH), it was found that acrolein is much more toxic than H2O2. Accordingly, the level of acrolein produced becomes a useful biomarker for several tissue-damage diseases like brain stroke. Thus, the mechanisms of cell toxicity caused by acrolein are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuei Igarashi
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, 1-8-15 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8 Shiomi-cho, Choshi, Chiba, 288-0025, Japan
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Altomare A, Baron G, Gianazza E, Banfi C, Carini M, Aldini G. Lipid peroxidation derived reactive carbonyl species in free and conjugated forms as an index of lipid peroxidation: limits and perspectives. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101899. [PMID: 33642248 PMCID: PMC8113032 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) formed by lipidperoxidation as free forms or as enzymatic and non-enzymatic conjugates are widely used as an index of oxidative stress. Besides general measurements based on derivatizing reactions, more selective and sensitive MS based analyses have been proposed in the last decade. Untargeted and targeted methods for the measurement of free RCS and adducts have been described and their applications to in vitro and ex vivo samples have permitted the identification of many biological targets, reaction mechanisms and adducted moieties with a particular relevance to RCS protein adducts. The growing interest in protein carbonylation can be explained by considering that protein adducts are now recognized as being involved in the damaging action of oxidative stress so that their measurement is performed not only to obtain an index of lipid peroxidation but also to gain a deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress. The aim of the review is to discuss the most novel analytical approaches and their application for profiling reactive carbonyl species and their enzymatic and non-enzymatic metabolites as an index of lipid-oxidation and oxidative stress. Limits and perspectives will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Altomare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Baron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Gianazza
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Banfi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Muguruma K, Pradipta AR, Ode Y, Terashima K, Michiba H, Fujii M, Tanaka K. Disease-associated acrolein: A possible diagnostic and therapeutic substrate for in vivo synthetic chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115831. [PMID: 33199202 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acrolein, a highly reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, is a compound to which humans are exposed in many different situations and often causes various human diseases. This paper summarizes the reports over the past twenty-five years regarding disease-associated acrolein detected in clinical patients and the role acrolein plays in various diseases. In several diseases, it was found that the increased acrolein acts as a pathogenetic factor. Thus, we propose the utility of over-produced acrolein as a substrate for a promising therapeutic or diagnostic method applicable to a wide range of diseases based on an in vivo synthetic chemistry strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Muguruma
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Ambara R Pradipta
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yudai Ode
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kazuki Terashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Michiba
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Motoko Fujii
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan; Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, A. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia.
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6
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Keshava C, Davis JA, Stanek J, Thayer KA, Galizia A, Keshava N, Gift J, Vulimiri SV, Woodall G, Gigot C, Garcia K, Greenhalgh A, Schulz B, Volkoff S, Camargo K, Persad AS. Application of systematic evidence mapping to assess the impact of new research when updating health reference values: A case example using acrolein. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105956. [PMID: 32702594 PMCID: PMC7917575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The environmental health community needs transparent, methodologically rigorous, and rapid approaches for updating human health risk assessments. These assessments often contain reference values for cancer and/or noncancer effects. Increasingly, the use of systematic review methods are preferred when developing these assessments. Systematic evidence maps are a type of analysis that has the potential to be very helpful in the update process, especially when combined with machine-learning software advances designed to expedite the process of conducting a review. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the applicability of evidence mapping to determine whether new evidence is likely to result in a change to an existing health reference value, using inhalation exposure to the air pollutant acrolein as a case example. METHODS New literature published since the 2008 California Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) Reference Exposure Level (REL) for acrolein was assessed. Systematic review methods were used to search the literature and screening included the use of machine-learning software. The Populations, Exposures, Comparators and Outcomes (PECO) criteria were kept broad to identify studies that characterized acute and chronic exposure and could be informative for hazard characterization. Studies that met the PECO criteria after full-text review were briefly summarized before their suitability for chronic point of departure (POD) derivation and calculation of a reference value was considered. Studies considered potentially suitable underwent a targeted evaluation to determine their suitability for use in dose-response analysis. RESULTS Over 15,000 studies were identified from scientific databases. Both machine-learning and manual screening processes were used to identify 60 studies considered PECO-relevant after full-text review. Most of these PECO-relevant studies were short-term exposure animal studies (acute or less than 1 month of exposure) and considered less suitable for deriving a chronic reference value when compared to the subchronic study in rats used in the 2008 OEHHA assessment. Thirteen epidemiological studies were identified but had limitations in the exposure assessment that made them less suitable for dose-response compared to the subchronic rat study. Among the 13 studies, there were four controlled trial studies that have the potential to be informative for future acute reference value derivation. Thus, the 2008 subchronic rat study used by OEHHA appears to still be the most appropriate study for chronic reference value derivation. In addition, advances in dosimetric modeling for gases, including new evidence pertinent to acrolein, could be considered when updating existing acrolein toxicity values. CONCLUSIONS Evidence mapping is a very useful tool to assess the need for updating an assessment based on understanding the potential impact of new studies on revising an existing health reference value. In this case example, the focus was to identify studies suitable for chronic exposure dose-response analysis, while also identifying studies that may be important to consider for acute exposure scenarios, hazard identification, or for future research. This allows the evidence map to be a useful resource for a range of decision-making contexts. Specialized systematic review software increased the efficiency of the process in terms of human resources and time to conduct the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Channa Keshava
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | - J Allen Davis
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | - John Stanek
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | - Kristina A Thayer
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | - Audrey Galizia
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | | | - Jeff Gift
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | | | - George Woodall
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | - Carolyn Gigot
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | - Kelly Garcia
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | - Andrew Greenhalgh
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | - Brittany Schulz
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
| | | | - Krisa Camargo
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences and Geochemical Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Amanda S Persad
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US EPA, NC, USA.
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Choi PM, Bowes DA, O'Brien JW, Li J, Halden RU, Jiang G, Thomas KV, Mueller JF. Do food and stress biomarkers work for wastewater-based epidemiology? A critical evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 736:139654. [PMID: 32497888 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Dietary characteristics and oxidative stress are closely linked to the wellbeing of individuals. In recent years, various urinary biomarkers of food and oxidative stress have been proposed for use in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), in efforts to objectively monitor the food consumed and the oxidative stress experienced by individuals in a wastewater catchment. However, it is not clear whether such biomarkers are suitable for wastewater-based epidemiology. This study presents a suite of 30 urinary food and oxidative stress biomarkers and evaluates their applicability for WBE studies. This includes 22 biomarkers which were not previously considered for WBE studies. Daily per capita loads of biomarkers were measured from 57 wastewater influent samples from nine Australian catchments. Stability of biomarkers were assessed using laboratory scale sewer reactors. Biomarkers of consumption of vitamin B2, vitamin B3 and fibre, as well as a component of citrus had per capita loads in line with reported literature values despite susceptibility of degradation in sewer reactors. Consumption biomarkers of red meat, fish, fruit, other vitamins and biomarkers of stress had per capita values inconsistent with literature findings, and/or degraded rapidly in sewer reactors, indicating that they are unsuitable for use as WBE biomarkers in the traditional quantitative sense. This study serves to communicate the suitability of food and oxidative stress biomarkers for future WBE research.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Choi
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - D A Bowes
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, United States of America; OneWaterOneHealth, Arizona State University Foundation, United States of America
| | - J W O'Brien
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - J Li
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - R U Halden
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, United States of America; OneWaterOneHealth, Arizona State University Foundation, United States of America
| | - G Jiang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia; School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - K V Thomas
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - J F Mueller
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Australia
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Sakamoto A, Uemura T, Terui Y, Yoshida M, Fukuda K, Nakamura T, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K. Development of an ELISA for Measurement of Urinary 3-Hydroxypropyl Mercapturic Acid (3-HPMA), the Marker of Stroke. Med Sci (Basel) 2020; 8:medsci8030033. [PMID: 32824278 PMCID: PMC7564686 DOI: 10.3390/medsci8030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously observed an inverse correlation between stroke and urinary 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA), an acrolein-glutathione metabolite, through its measurement by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). However, the cost of equipment for LC-MS/MS and its maintenance fee is very expensive and a cost-efficient method is required. In this study, we have developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system to measure 3-HPMA using a chicken antibody recognizing 3-HPMA-conjugated chicken albumin as antigen. Linearity to measure 3-HPMA was obtained from 0 to 10 μM, indicating that this ELISA system is useful for measurement of urine 3-HPMA. It was confirmed that 3-HPMA in urine of stroke patients decreased significantly compared with that of control subjects using the ELISA system. Using the ELISA kit, it became possible to evaluate the risk of brain stroke by not only plasma but also by urine. These results confirm that shortage of glutathione to detoxify acrolein is one of the major causes of stroke incidence. Our method contributes to maintenance of quality of life (QOL) of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Sakamoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8 Shiomi-cho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0025, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Takeshi Uemura
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, 1-8-15 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0856, Japan; (T.U.); (M.Y.)
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yusuke Terui
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8 Shiomi-cho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0025, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Madoka Yoshida
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, 1-8-15 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0856, Japan; (T.U.); (M.Y.)
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Chiba Central Medical Center, 1835-1 Kasori-cho, Wakaba-ku, Chiba 264-0017, Japan; (K.F.); (T.N.)
| | - Takao Nakamura
- Chiba Central Medical Center, 1835-1 Kasori-cho, Wakaba-ku, Chiba 264-0017, Japan; (K.F.); (T.N.)
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8 Shiomi-cho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0025, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Kazuei Igarashi
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, 1-8-15 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0856, Japan; (T.U.); (M.Y.)
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-43-224-7500; Fax: +81-43-379-1050
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9
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Mastaloudis A, Sheth C, Hester SN, Wood SM, Prescot A, McGlade E, Renshaw PF, Yurgelun-Todd DA. Supplementation with a putative calorie restriction mimetic micronutrient blend increases glutathione concentrations and improves neuroenergetics in brain of healthy middle-aged men and women. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 153:112-121. [PMID: 32335159 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caloric restriction (CR) without micronutrient deficiency has been shown to increase both lifespan and healthspan. In animals, CR has been demonstrated to increase glutathione (GSH), a neuroprotective antioxidant, in the brain and preserve brain mitochondrial function by altering neuroenergetics. In humans it has been associated with improvements in mood states and cognitive function. However, most CR studies have employed a 30-60% reduction in calories which is likely too stringent for most people to adhere to long-term. Thus, there is an unmet need for nutritional supplements which can mimic the biological effects of CR, without the need for calorie limitations. AIM The purpose of the present randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was to use Proton (1H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic (MRS) measurements to determine non-invasively whether a blend of micronutrients, a putative CR mimetic, positively modulates metabolites related to neuroprotection and neuroenergetics in the brain. METHODS Healthy middle-aged men and women (N = 63 [33 women]; age: 40-60 years) were randomized in a double-blind manner to 6 weeks supplementation with either the putative CR mimetic or placebo. At baseline and 6 weeks, subjects underwent MRS at 3 T to investigate changes in brain chemistry, including the neurometabolites: GSH, Glutamate (Glu), Glutamine (Gln) and N-Acetylaspartate (NAA). RESULTS GSH, a marker of antioxidant and cellular redox status, increased in the brain of participants in the supplement group. The supplement group also showed an increase in the Glu/Gln ratio, a marker of excitatory neurotransmission and bioenergetics. A trend for an increase in NAA/H2O, a marker of neuronal integrity, was observed in females in the supplement group. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals that 6-weeks daily supplementation with a micronutrient blend elicits positive changes in brain neurochemistry. This is the first study to demonstrate that a putative CR mimetic increases brain GSH concentrations and improves neuroprotection and neuroenergetics in the brain of healthy humans. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02439983.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandni Sheth
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | | | - Steven M Wood
- Pharmanex Research, NSE Products, Inc., Provo, UT, USA
| | - Andrew Prescot
- Department of Radiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Erin McGlade
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRREC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Perry F Renshaw
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRREC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Deborah A Yurgelun-Todd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRREC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Vatsalya V, Kong M, Gobejishvili L, Chen WY, Srivastava S, Barve S, McClain C, Joshi-Barve S. Urinary acrolein metabolite levels in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis patients. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G115-G122. [PMID: 30234998 PMCID: PMC6383378 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00209.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) remains a major health concern worldwide. Alcohol consumption gives rise to reactive/toxic acrolein, a pathogenic mediator of liver injury in experimental ALD. Elevated acrolein adducts and metabolites are detectable in blood and urine. This study evaluates the major urinary acrolein metabolite, 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (HPMA), in patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH) and examines its association with disease severity and markers of hepatic inflammation and injury. Urine HPMA was significantly higher in patients with severe [model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) ≥ 20] AAH compared with nonsevere AAH (MELD ≤ 19) or non-alcohol-consuming controls, suggesting that urine HPMA is a novel noninvasive biomarker in severe AAH. The association between HPMA and MELD in patients with AAH was nonlinear. In patients with nonsevere AAH, there was a positive trend, although not significant, whereas in severe AAH the association was negative, indicative of extensive injury and glutathione depletion. Consistent with the multifactorial etiology of ALD, our data identified strong combined effects of HPMA and proinflammatory cytokines on hepatocyte cell death, thereby supporting the pathogenic role of acrolein in liver injury. HPMA, together with IL-1β, showed robust associations with cytokeratin 18 caspase-cleaved fragment (CK18-M30; adjusted R2 = 0.812, P = 0.016) and cytokeratin 18 full-length protein (CK18-M65; adjusted R2 = 0.670, P = 0.048); similarly, HPMA, with IL-8, correlated with CK18-M30 (adjusted R2 = 0.875, P = 0.007) and CK18-M65 (adjusted R2 = 0.831, P = 0.013). The apoptosis index (CK18-M30:CK18-M65 ratio) strongly correlated with HPMA, together with IL-1β (adjusted R2 = 0.777, P = 0.022) or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα; adjusted R2 = 0.677, P = 0.046). In patients with severe AAH, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNFα are the predominant proinflammatory cytokines that interact with HPMA and play important mediating roles in influencing the extent/pattern of liver cell death. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to examine the urinary acrolein metabolite 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (HPMA) in alcoholic liver disease. HPMA was higher in patients with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH) compared with controls or nonsevere AAH and may be a novel selective, noninvasive biomarker for severe AAH. Consistent with the multifactorial etiology of alcohol-associated liver disease, we identified strong combined effects of HPMA and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, and TNFα) on the extent/pattern of liver cell death, thereby supporting the pathogenic role of acrolein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatsalya Vatsalya
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,4Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,6Hepatobiology and Toxicology Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,7Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Maiying Kong
- 3Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Leila Gobejishvili
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,4Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,6Hepatobiology and Toxicology Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Wei-Yang Chen
- 2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,4Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Sanjay Srivastava
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,5Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Shirish Barve
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,4Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,6Hepatobiology and Toxicology Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Craig McClain
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,4Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,6Hepatobiology and Toxicology Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,7Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Swati Joshi-Barve
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,4Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,6Hepatobiology and Toxicology Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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11
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Uemura T, Watanabe K, Ko K, Higashi K, Kogure N, Kitajima M, Takayama H, Takao K, Sugita Y, Sakamoto A, Terui Y, Toida T, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K. Protective Effects of Brain Infarction by N-Acetylcysteine Derivatives. Stroke 2018; 49:1727-1733. [PMID: 29866754 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.021755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We recently found that acrolein (CH2=CH-CHO) is more strongly involved in brain infarction compared with reactive oxygen species. In this study, we looked for acrolein scavengers with less side effects. METHODS Photochemically induced thrombosis model mice were prepared by injection of Rose Bengal. Effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) derivatives on brain infarction were evaluated using the public domain National Institutes of Health image program. RESULTS NAC, NAC ethyl ester, and NAC benzyl ester (150 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally at the time of induction of ischemia, or these NAC derivatives (50 mg/kg) were administered 3× at 24-h intervals before induction of ischemia and 1 more administration at the time of induction of ischemia. The size of brain infarction decreased in the order NAC benzyl ester>NAC ethyl ester>NAC in both experimental conditions. Detoxification of acrolein occurred through conjugation of acrolein with glutathione, which was catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases, rather than direct conjugation between acrolein and NAC derivatives. The level of glutathione S-transferases at the locus of brain infarction was in the order of administration of NAC benzyl ester>NAC ethyl ester>NAC>no NAC derivatives, suggesting that NAC derivatives stabilize glutathione S-transferases. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that detoxification of acrolein by NAC derivatives is caused through glutathione conjugation with acrolein catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases, which can be stabilized by NAC derivatives. This is a new concept of acrolein detoxification by NAC derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Uemura
- From the Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Japan (T.U., K.I.)
| | - Kenta Watanabe
- Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan (K.W., K.K., K.H., N.K., M.K., H.T., T.T., K.I.)
| | - Kenta Ko
- Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan (K.W., K.K., K.H., N.K., M.K., H.T., T.T., K.I.)
| | - Kyohei Higashi
- Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan (K.W., K.K., K.H., N.K., M.K., H.T., T.T., K.I.)
| | - Noriyuki Kogure
- Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan (K.W., K.K., K.H., N.K., M.K., H.T., T.T., K.I.)
| | - Mariko Kitajima
- Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan (K.W., K.K., K.H., N.K., M.K., H.T., T.T., K.I.)
| | - Hiromitsu Takayama
- Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan (K.W., K.K., K.H., N.K., M.K., H.T., T.T., K.I.)
| | - Koichi Takao
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Josai University, Saitama, Japan (K.T., Y.S.)
| | - Yoshiaki Sugita
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Josai University, Saitama, Japan (K.T., Y.S.)
| | - Akihiko Sakamoto
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Chiba Institute of Science, Japan (A.S., Y.T., K.K.)
| | - Yusuke Terui
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Chiba Institute of Science, Japan (A.S., Y.T., K.K.)
| | - Toshihiko Toida
- Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan (K.W., K.K., K.H., N.K., M.K., H.T., T.T., K.I.)
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Chiba Institute of Science, Japan (A.S., Y.T., K.K.)
| | - Kazuei Igarashi
- From the Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Japan (T.U., K.I.) .,Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan (K.W., K.K., K.H., N.K., M.K., H.T., T.T., K.I.)
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12
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Daughton CG. Monitoring wastewater for assessing community health: Sewage Chemical-Information Mining (SCIM). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 619-620:748-764. [PMID: 29161600 PMCID: PMC6091531 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Timely assessment of the aggregate health of small-area human populations is essential for guiding the optimal investment of resources needed for preventing, avoiding, controlling, or mitigating human exposure risks, as well as for maintaining or promoting health. Seeking those interventions yielding the greatest benefit with respect to the allocation of resources is critical for making progress toward community sustainability, reducing health disparities, promoting social justice, and maintaining or improving collective health and well-being. More informative, faster, and less-costly approaches are needed for guiding investigation of cause-effect linkages involving communities and stressors originating from both the built and natural environments. One such emerging approach involves the continuous monitoring of sewage for chemicals that serve as indicators of the collective status of human health (or stress/disease) or any other facet relevant to gauging time-trends in community-wide health. This nascent approach can be referred to as Sewage Chemical-Information Mining (SCIM) and involves the monitoring of sewage for the information that resides in the form of natural and anthropogenic chemicals that enter sewers as a result of the everyday actions, activities, and behaviors of humans. Of particular interest is a specific embodiment of SCIM that would entail the targeted monitoring of a broad suite of endogenous biomarkers of key physiologic processes (as opposed to xenobiotics or their metabolites). This application is termed BioSCIM-an approach roughly analogous to a hypothetical community-wide collective clinical urinalysis, or to a hypothetical en masse human biomonitoring program. BioSCIM would be used for gauging the status or time-trends in community-wide health on a continuous basis. This paper presents an update on the progress made with the development of the BioSCIM concept in the period of time since its original publication in 2012, as well as the next steps required for its continued development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian G Daughton
- Environmental Futures Analysis Branch, Systems Exposure Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 944 East Harmon Avenue, Las Vegas 89119, NV, USA.
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Igarashi K, Uemura T, Kashiwagi K. Acrolein toxicity at advanced age: present and future. Amino Acids 2018; 50:217-228. [PMID: 29249019 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It is thought that tissue damage at advanced age is mainly caused by ROS (reactive oxygen species, O2-, H2O2, and ·OH). However, it was found that acrolein (CH2=CH-CHO) is more toxic than ROS, and is mainly produced from spermine (SPM), one of the polyamines, rather than from unsaturated fatty acids. Significant amounts of SPM are present normally as SPM-ribosome complexes, and contribute to protein synthesis. However, SPM was released from ribosomes due to the degradation of ribosomal RNA by ·OH or the binding of Ca2+ to ribosomes, and acrolein was produced from free SPM by polyamine oxidases, particularly by SPM oxidase. Acrolein inactivated several proteins such as GAPDH (glycelaldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase), and also stimulated MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) activity. Acrolein-conjugated GAPDH translocated to nucleus, and caused apoptosis like nitrosylated GAPDH. Through acrolein conjugation with several proteins, acrolein causes tissue damage during brain stroke, dementia, renal failure, and primary Sjögren's syndrome. Thus, development of acrolein scavengers with less side effects is very important to maintain QOL (quality of life) of elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuei Igarashi
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, 1-8-15 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Uemura
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, 1-8-15 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8 Shiomi-cho, Choshi, Chiba, 288-0025, Japan
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Determination of 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid in urine by three column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection using a diamond electrode. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1517:79-85. [PMID: 28851527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A three column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an electrochemical detector (ECD) equipped with a diamond electrode was established to determine 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (3-HPMA) in urine. An extracted urine sample was consecutively fractionated using a strong anion-exchange column (first column) and a C8 column (second column) via a switching valve before application on an Octa Decyl Silyl (ODS) column (third column), followed by ECD analysis. The% recovery of 3-HPMA standard throughout the three-column process and limit of detection (LOD) were 94±1% and 0.1pmol, respectively. A solid phase extraction step is required for the sensitive analysis of 3-HPMA in urine by column-switching HPLC-ECD despite a decreased% recovery (55%) of urine sample spiked with 100pmol of 3-HPMA. To test the utility of our column-switching HPLC-ECD method, 3-HPMA levels of 27 urine samples were determined, and the correlation between HPLC-ECD and LC-Electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS method was examined. As a result, the median values of μmol 3-HPMA/g Creatinine (Cre) in urine obtained by column-switching HPLC-ECD and LC-MS/MS were 2.19±2.12μmol/g Cre and 2.13±3.38μmol/g Cre, respectively, and the calibration curve (y=1.5171x-1.007) exhibited good linearity within a defined range (r2=0.907). These results indicate that the combination of column-switching HPLC and ECD is a powerful tool for the specific, reliable detection of 3-HPMA in urine.
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Yousefipour Z, Chug N, Marek K, Nesbary A, Mathew J, Ranganna K, Newaz MA. Contribution of PPARγ in modulation of acrolein-induced inflammatory signaling in gp91 phox knock-out mice. Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 95:482-490. [PMID: 28376311 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are major contributors to acrolein toxicity. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the contribution of PPARγ ligand GW1929 to the attenuation of oxidative stress in acrolein-induced insult. Male gp91phox knock-out (KO) mice were treated with acrolein (0.5 mg·(kg body mass)-1 by intraperitoneal injection for 7 days) with or without GW1929 (GW; 0.5 mg·(kg body mass)-1·day-1, orally, for 10 days). The livers were processed for further analyses. Acrolein significantly increased 8-isoprostane and reduced PPARγ activity (P < 0.05) in the wild type (WT) and KO mice. GW1929 reduced 8-isoprostane (by 32% and 40% in WT and KO mice, respectively) and increased PPARγ activity (by 81% and 92% in WT and KO, respectively). Chemokine activity was increased (by 63%) in acrolein-treated WT mice, and was reduced by GW1929 (by 65%). KO mice exhibited higher xanthine oxidase (XO). Acrolein increased XO and COX in WT mice and XO in KO mice. GW1929 significantly reduced COX in WT and KO mice and reduced XO in KO mice. Acrolein significantly reduced the total antioxidant status in WT and KO mice (P < 0.05), which was improved by GW1929 (by 75% and 74%). The levels of NF-κB were higher in acrolein-treated WT mice. GW1929 reduced NF-κB levels (by 51%) in KO mice. Acrolein increased CD36 in KO mice (by 43%), which was blunted with GW1929. Data confirms that the generation of free radicals by acrolein is mainly through NAD(P)H, but other oxygenates play a role too. GW1929 may alleviate the toxicity of acrolein by attenuating NF-κB, COX, and CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zivar Yousefipour
- a College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Neha Chug
- b College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60503, USA
| | - Katarzyna Marek
- b College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60503, USA
| | - Alicia Nesbary
- b College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60503, USA
| | - Joseph Mathew
- a College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Kasturi Ranganna
- a College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Mohammad A Newaz
- b College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60503, USA
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16
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Higashi K, Igarashi K, Toida T. Recent Progress in Analytical Methods for Determination of Urinary 3-Hydroxypropylmercapturic Acid, a Major Metabolite of Acrolein. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 39:915-9. [PMID: 27251493 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
3-Hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (3-HPMA), a major metabolite of acrolein in urine, has been recognized as a noninvasive biomarker of exposure to cigarette smoke. Since acrolein is formed endogenously from polyamines and is also formed during oxidative stress and aggravates tissue damage by changing protein activity through its conjugation in pathological lesions, it is thought that the urinary 3-HPMA level is useful as a biomarker to monitor the severity of several diseases related to acrolein. To study the correlation between 3-HPMA and disease severity, it is important to understand the properties of analytical methods for determination of 3-HPMA. In this article, we summarize the analytical methods for determination of urinary 3-HPMA and discuss the utility of 3-HPMA as one of the biomarkers for the diagnosis of brain infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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Belkacemi A, Ramassamy C. Anthocyanins Protect SK-N-SH Cells Against Acrolein-Induced Toxicity by Preserving the Cellular Redox State. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 50:981-98. [PMID: 26890747 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, by-products of lipid peroxidation such as acrolein accumulated in vulnerable regions of the brain. We have previously shown that acrolein is a highly reactive and neurotoxic aldehyde and its toxicity involves the alteration of several redox-sensitive pathways. Recently, protein-conjugated acrolein in cerebrospinal fluid has been proposed as a biomarker to distinguish between MCI and AD. With growing evidence of the early involvement of oxidative stress in AD etiology, one would expect that a successful therapy should prevent brain oxidative damage. In this regard, several studies have demonstrated that polyphenol-rich extracts exert beneficial effect on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress. We have recently demonstrated the efficacy of an anthocyanin formulation (MAF14001) against amyloid-β-induced oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of MAF14001 as a mixture of anthocyanins, a particular class of polyphenols, against acrolein-induced oxidative damage in SK-N-SH neuronal cells. Our results demonstrated that MAF14001, from 5μM, was able to efficiently protect SK-N-SH cells against acrolein-induced cell death. MAF14001 was able to lower reactive oxygen species and protein carbonyl levels induced by acrolein. Moreover, MAF1401 prevented glutathione depletion and positively modulated, in the presence of acrolein, some oxidative stress-sensitive pathways including the transcription factors NF-κB and Nrf2, the proteins γ-GCS and GSK3β, and the protein adaptator p66Shc. Along with its proven protective effect against amyloid-β toxicity, these results demonstrate that MAF14001 could target multiple mechanisms and could be a promising agent for AD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdenour Belkacemi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Canada
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Canada.,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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Urinary 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA) concentrations in dogs with acute spinal cord injury due to intervertebral disc herniation. Vet J 2016; 219:12-14. [PMID: 28093103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate urinary 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA), a metabolite of acrolein, as a novel biomarker in acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) due to intervertebral disc herniation in dogs. Urine from 10 client-owned dogs with ASCI collected at presentation and 10 control dogs was analyzed for 3-HPMA. The median urinary 3-HPMA concentration in ASCI dogs was significantly higher than in control dogs, but was not correlated with the severity of ASCI. The median urinary 3-HPMA concentration in intact dogs was higher than in neutered dogs. Higher urinary 3-HPMA concentrations in dogs after ASCI support a role for acrolein, a cytotoxic by-product of lipid peroxidation, in canine ASCI. Urinary 3-HPMA could be used as a biomarker in future clinical trials to measure the effect of therapeutic intervention of reducing acrolein after ASCI.
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An Evidence-Based Review of Related Metabolites and Metabolic Network Research on Cerebral Ischemia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9162074. [PMID: 27274780 PMCID: PMC4871976 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9162074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, metabolomics analyses have been widely applied to cerebral ischemia research. This paper introduces the latest proceedings of metabolomics research on cerebral ischemia. The main techniques, models, animals, and biomarkers of cerebral ischemia will be discussed. With analysis help from the MBRole website and the KEGG database, the altered metabolites in rat cerebral ischemia were used for metabolic pathway enrichment analyses. Our results identify the main metabolic pathways that are related to cerebral ischemia and further construct a metabolic network. These results will provide useful information for elucidating the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia, as well as the discovery of cerebral ischemia biomarkers.
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Uemura T, Watanabe K, Ishibashi M, Saiki R, Kuni K, Nishimura K, Toida T, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K. Aggravation of brain infarction through an increase in acrolein production and a decrease in glutathione with aging. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:630-5. [PMID: 27037020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that tissue damage during brain infarction was mainly caused by inactivation of proteins by acrolein. This time, it was tested why brain infarction increases in parallel with aging. A mouse model of photochemically induced thrombosis (PIT) was studied using 2, 6, and 12 month-old female C57BL/6 mice. The size of brain infarction in the mouse PIT model increased with aging. The volume of brain infarction in 12 month-old mice was approximately 2-fold larger than that in 2 month-old mice. The larger brain infarction in 12 month-old mice was due to an increase in acrolein based on an increase in the activity of spermine oxidase, together with a decrease in glutathione (GSH), a major acrolein-detoxifying compound in cells, based on the decrease in one of the subunits of glutathione biosynthesizing enzymes, γ-glutamylcysteine ligase modifier subunit, with aging. The results indicate that aggravation of brain infarction with aging was mainly due to the increase in acrolein production and the decrease in GSH in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Uemura
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenta Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Misaki Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Saiki
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kyoshiro Kuni
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Toida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuei Igarashi
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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Alwis KU, deCastro BR, Morrow JC, Blount BC. Acrolein Exposure in U.S. Tobacco Smokers and Non-Tobacco Users: NHANES 2005-2006. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:1302-8. [PMID: 26024353 PMCID: PMC4671235 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acrolein is a highly reactive α,β unsaturated aldehyde and respiratory irritant. Acrolein is formed during combustion (e.g., burning tobacco or biomass), during high-temperature cooking of foods, and in vivo as a product of oxidative stress and polyamine metabolism. No biomonitoring reference data have been reported to characterize acrolein exposure for the U.S. OBJECTIVES Our goals were to a) evaluate two acrolein metabolites in urine--N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (3HPMA) and N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine (CEMA)--as biomarkers of exposure to acrolein for the U.S. population by age, sex, race, and smoking status; and b) assess tobacco smoke as a predictor of acrolein exposure. METHODS We analyzed urine from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005-2006) participants ≥ 12 years old (n = 2,866) for 3HPMA and CEMA using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MSMS). Sample-weighted linear regression models stratified for non-tobacco users versus tobacco smokers (as defined by serum cotinine and self-report) characterized the association of urinary 3HPMA and CEMA with tobacco smoke exposure, adjusting for urinary creatinine, sex, age, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS 3HPMA and CEMA levels were higher among tobacco smokers (cigarettes, cigars, and pipe users) than among non-tobacco users. The median 3HPMA levels for tobacco smokers and non-tobacco users were 1,089 and 219 μg/g creatinine, respectively. Similarly, median CEMA levels were 203 μg/g creatinine for tobacco smokers and 78.8 μg/g creatinine for non-tobacco users. Regression analysis showed that serum cotinine was a significant positive predictor (p < 0.0001) of both 3HPMA and CEMA among tobacco smokers. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco smoke was a significant predictor of acrolein exposure in the U.S. population.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Udeni Alwis
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Moghe A, Ghare S, Lamoreau B, Mohammad M, Barve S, McClain C, Joshi-Barve S. Molecular mechanisms of acrolein toxicity: relevance to human disease. Toxicol Sci 2015; 143:242-55. [PMID: 25628402 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrolein, a highly reactive unsaturated aldehyde, is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and its potential as a serious environmental health threat is beginning to be recognized. Humans are exposed to acrolein per oral (food and water), respiratory (cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust, and biocide use) and dermal routes, in addition to endogenous generation (metabolism and lipid peroxidation). Acrolein has been suggested to play a role in several disease states including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and neuro-, hepato-, and nephro-toxicity. On the cellular level, acrolein exposure has diverse toxic effects, including DNA and protein adduction, oxidative stress, mitochondrial disruption, membrane damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and immune dysfunction. This review addresses our current understanding of each pathogenic mechanism of acrolein toxicity, with emphasis on the known and anticipated contribution to clinical disease, and potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshata Moghe
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Smita Ghare
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Bryan Lamoreau
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Mohammad Mohammad
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Shirish Barve
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Craig McClain
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Swati Joshi-Barve
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
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Yoshida M, Higashi K, Kuni K, Mizoi M, Saiki R, Nakamura M, Waragai M, Uemura K, Toida T, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K. Distinguishing mild cognitive impairment from Alzheimer's disease with acrolein metabolites and creatinine in urine. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 441:115-21. [PMID: 25542982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that the level of urinary 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA)/creatinine (Cre) was reduced following stroke. The aim of this study was to determine whether the level of 3-HPMA/Cre in urine was reduced in subjects with dementia. METHODS The level of 3-HPMA was measured by LC-MS/MS, and that of amino acid conjugated acrolein (AC-Acro) was by ELISA. The study included 128 elderly subjects divided into 74 non-demented (control), 22 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 32 Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects. RESULTS The urinary 3-HPMA/Cre and AC-Acro/Cre in MCI plus AD subjects were significantly lower than those in control subjects. In addition, urinary Cre in AD subjects was significantly higher than that in MCI subjects, and 3-HPMA/Cre and AC-Acro/Cre in AD subjects were significantly lower than that in MCI subjects. Among these three markers, the lower 3-HPMA/Cre ratio was most strongly correlated with the decline of MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) and the increase in CDRsob (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes Scores). Furthermore, reduction in 3-HPMA/Cre in urine was well correlated with increase in Aβ40/42 in plasma in demented subjects. CONCLUSION The results indicate that 3-HPMA/Cre in urine is the most reliable biochemical marker to distinguish AD subjects from MCI subjects among three markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Yoshida
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kyohei Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kyoshiro Kuni
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Mizoi
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Saiki
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mizuho Nakamura
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Kenichi Uemura
- Higashi-Matsudo Municipal Hospital, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Toida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuei Igarashi
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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Tully M, Zheng L, Shi R. Acrolein detection: potential theranostic utility in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 14:679-85. [PMID: 24831349 DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2014.918849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated as a major pathological process underlying CNS disease and trauma. More specifically, acrolein, an unsaturated aldehyde, produced by way of lipid peroxidation, has been shown to play a crucial role in initiating and perpetuating detrimental effects associated with multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury. In light of these findings, quantification of acrolein levels both systemically and locally could allow for the use of acrolein as a biomarker to aid in diagnosis and guide treatment regimens. The three main approaches currently available are acrolein derivatization followed by LC/GC-MS, application of an acrolein antibody and subsequent immunoblotting, and the 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid-based method. Of these three strategies, the 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid-based method is the least invasive allowing for rapid translation of acrolein detection into a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Tully
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous and essential components of mammalian cells. They have multiple functions including critical roles in nucleic acid and protein synthesis, gene expression, protein function, protection from oxidative damage, the regulation of ion channels, and maintenance of the structure of cellular macromolecules. It is essential to maintain a correct level of polyamines, and this amount is tightly regulated at the levels of transport, synthesis, and degradation. Catabolic pathways generate reactive aldehydes including acrolein and hydrogen peroxide via a number of oxidases. These metabolites, particularly those from spermine, can cause significant toxicity with damage to proteins, DNA, and other cellular components. Their production can be increased as a result of infection or cell damage that releases free polyamines and activates the oxidative catabolic pathways. Since polyamines also have an important physiological role in protection from oxidative damage, the reduction in polyamine content may exacerbate the toxic potential of these agents. Increases in polyamine catabolism have been implicated in the development of diseases including stroke, other neurological diseases, renal failure, liver disease, and cancer. These results provide new opportunities for the early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Pegg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
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Tyrrell J, Galloway TS, Abo-Zaid G, Melzer D, Depledge MH, Osborne NJ. High urinary tungsten concentration is associated with stroke in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77546. [PMID: 24244278 PMCID: PMC3823878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years there has been an exponential increase in tungsten demand, potentially increasing human exposure to the metal. Currently, the toxicology of tungsten is poorly understood, but mounting evidence suggests that both the elemental metal and its alloys have cytotoxic effects. Here, we investigate the association between tungsten and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or stroke using six waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS We investigated associations using crude and adjusted logistic regression models in a cohort of 8614 adults (18-74 years) with 193 reported stroke diagnoses and 428 reported diagnoses of CVD. We also stratified our data to characterize associations in a subset of younger individuals (18-50 years). RESULTS Elevated tungsten concentrations were strongly associated with an increase in the prevalence of stroke, independent of typical risk factors (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.66, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 1.17, 2.34). The association between tungsten and stroke in the young age category was still evident (OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.33, 3.53). CONCLUSION This study represents the most comprehensive analysis of the human health effects of tungsten to date. Individuals with higher urinary tungsten concentrations have double the odds of reported stroke. We hypothesize that the pathological pathway resulting from tungsten exposure may involve oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tyrrell
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara S. Galloway
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Ghada Abo-Zaid
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, United Kingdom
| | - David Melzer
- Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Michael H. Depledge
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Osborne
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Carmella SG, Chen M, Zarth A, Hecht SS. High throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for mercapturic acids of acrolein and crotonaldehyde in cigarette smokers' urine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 935:36-40. [PMID: 23934173 PMCID: PMC3925436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
3-Hydroxypropylmercapturic acid (3-HPMA) and 3-hydroxy-1-methylpropylmercapturic acid (HMPMA) are urinary metabolites of the toxicants acrolein and crotonaldehyde, respectively. Virtually all human urine samples contain these metabolites, resulting from the action of glutathione-S-transferases on acrolein and crotonaldehyde, which are lipid peroxidation products, environmental and dietary contaminants, and constituents of cigarette smoke. We have developed a high throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitative analysis of 3-HPMA and HMPMA in large numbers of small urine samples, as would be required in molecular epidemiology and clinical studies relating levels of these metabolites to cancer risk. Solid-phase extraction on mixed mode reverse phase-anion exchange 96-well plates provided sufficient purification for LC-MS/MS analysis, which was performed by auto-injection using a 96-well format, and resulted in clean, readily interpretable chromatograms, with detection limits of 4.5pmol/mL urine for 3-HPMA and 3.5pmol/mL urine for HMPMA. Accuracy was 92% for 3-HPMA and 97% for HMPMA while inter-day precision was 9.1% (coefficient of variation) for 3-HPMA and 11.0% for HMPMA. The method was applied to more than 2600 urine samples from smokers; mean levels of 3-HPMA and HMPMA were 4800±5358 (S.D.)pmol/mL and 3302±3341pmol/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 806, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Saiki R, Hayashi D, Ikuo Y, Nishimura K, Ishii I, Kobayashi K, Chiba K, Toida T, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K. Acrolein stimulates the synthesis of IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in thrombosis model mice and cultured cells. J Neurochem 2013; 127:652-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryotaro Saiki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
- Amine Pharma Research Institute; Innovation Plaza at Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
| | - Daisuke Hayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
| | - Yukiko Ikuo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
| | - Itsuko Ishii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
| | - Kaoru Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
| | - Kan Chiba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
| | - Toshihiko Toida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Chiba Institute of Science; Choshi Chiba Japan
| | - Kazuei Igarashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
- Amine Pharma Research Institute; Innovation Plaza at Chiba University; Chuo-ku Chiba Japan
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