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Zhou D, Fan X, Xie S, Lu M, Gao L, Zhang R, Zhu M. Clinical application of serum CST4 combined with tumor markers in the diagnosis of digestive system malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:384. [PMID: 38966578 PMCID: PMC11222915 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma human cystatin-S (CST4) in patients with digestive system malignant tumors. CST4 and tumor markers, such as α-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)199, CA125, CA153 and CA724, were detected in blood samples from 100 patients with a digestive system malignant tumor and 100 patients with benign digestive system diseases. The tumor markers AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 were detected using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, and CST4 levels were detected using a human CST4 ELISA kit. The results demonstrated that the sensitivities of AFP and CA153 (both 5.00%) were significantly lower than that of CST4 (38.00%) in the diagnosis of digestive system malignancy (P<0.001), and CA724 (18.00%) was also less sensitive than CST4 (P<0.05). The sensitivities of CA199 (26.00%), CEA (31.00%) and CA125 (25.00%) were similar to that of CST4 (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the CEA, CA125, CA724 and CST4 specificities (P>0.05), which were 91.00, 95.00, 94.00 and 83.00%, respectively. The specificities of AFP (99.00%), CA199 (98.00%) and CA153 (100.00%) were significantly higher than that of CST4 (P<0.01). By constructing a receiver operating characteristic curve and comparing the area under the curve as well as sensitivity, the findings of the present study demonstrated that combining CST4 with AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 can significantly enhance the diagnostic sensitivity for malignancies of the digestive system. However, the introduction of CST4 into the traditional diagnostic groups (CEA + AFP, CA199 + CA125 + CA153 + CA724 and AFP + CEA + CA199 + CA125 + CA153 + CA724) resulted in an increased sensitivity and loss of specificity, thereby not offering significant advantages in terms of comprehensive diagnostic efficiency compared with the traditional diagnostic groups. In conclusion, CST4 detection may be a promising diagnostic tool. Nonetheless, the potential false positive results in tumor diagnosis should be taken into consideration when developing new diagnostic groups involving CST4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Meiyi Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Lili Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
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Wang B, Xiong Y, Li R, Zhang S. Age-related nomogram revealed optimal therapeutic option for older patients with primary liver cancer: less is more. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:9824-9845. [PMID: 38848143 PMCID: PMC11210251 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age bias in therapeutic decisions for older patients with cancer exists. There is a clear need to individualize such decisions. METHODS Based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, 5081 primary liver cancer (PLC) patients between 2010 and 2014 were identified and divided into <64, 64-74 and >74 years group. Each group was randomly divided into training and internal validation cohorts, and patients who were diagnosed between 2015 and 2016 were included as an external validation. The nomogram model predicting overall survival (OS) was generated and evaluated based on the Cox regression for the influencing factors in prognosis. The K-M analysis was used to compare the difference among different treatments. RESULTS KM analysis showed a significant difference for OS in three age groups (P < 0.001). At the same time, we also found different prognostic factors and their importance in different age groups. Therefore, we created three nomograms based on the results of Cox regression results for each age group. The c-index was 0.802, 0.766, 0.781 respectively. The calibration curve and ROC curve show that our model has a good predictive efficacy and the reliability was also confirmed in the internal and external validation set. An available online page was established to simplify and visualize our model (http://124.222.247.135/). The results of treatment analysis revealed that the optimal therapeutic option for PLCs was surgery alone. CONCLUSIONS The optimal therapeutic option for older PLCs was surgery alone. The generated dynamic nomogram in this study may be a useful tool for personalized clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongqiang Xiong
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ren Li
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Experimental Teaching Center for Clinical Skills, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Shen Y, Chen J, Wu J, Li T, Yi C, Wang K, Wang P, Sun C, Ye H. Combination of an Autoantibody Panel and Alpha-Fetoprotein for Early Detection of Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2024; 17:227-235. [PMID: 38489403 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and to develop a new combination with good diagnostic performance. This study was divided into four phases: discovery, verification, validation, and modeling. A total of four candidate tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAb; anti-ZIC2, anti-PCNA, anti-CDC37L1, and anti-DUSP6) were identified by human proteome microarray (52 samples) and bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, these candidate TAAbs were further confirmed by indirect ELISA with two testing cohorts (120 samples for verification and 663 samples for validation). The AUC for these four TAAbs to identify patients with HBV-HCC from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients ranged from 0.693 to 0.739. Finally, a diagnostic panel with three TAAbs (anti-ZIC2, anti-CDC37L1, and anti-DUSP6) was developed. This panel showed superior diagnostic efficiency in identifying early HBV-HCC compared with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), with an AUC of 0.834 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.772-0.897] for this panel and 0.727 (95% CI, 0.642-0.812) for AFP (P = 0.0359). In addition, the AUC for this panel to identify AFP-negative patients with HBV-HCC was 0.796 (95% CI, 0.734-0.858), with a sensitivity of 52.4% and a specificity of 89.0%. Importantly, the panel in combination with AFP significantly increased the positive rate for early HBV-HCC to 84.1% (P = 0.005) and for late HBV-HCC to 96.3% (P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that AFP and the autoantibody panel may be independent but complementary serologic biomarkers for HBV-HCC detection. PREVENTION RELEVANCE We developed a robust diagnostic panel for identifying patients with HBV-HCC from patients with CHB. This autoantibody panel provided superior diagnostic performance for HBV-HCC at an early stage and/or with negative AFP results. Our findings suggest that AFP and the autoantibody panel may be independent but complementary biomarkers for HBV-HCC detection.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
- alpha-Fetoproteins/immunology
- Autoantibodies/blood
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/virology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/blood
- Early Detection of Cancer/methods
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Hepatitis B virus/immunology
- Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/immunology
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/virology
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/blood
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/virology
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/blood
- Aged
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Shen
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and The Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinyu Wu
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiandong Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and The Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chuncheng Yi
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and The Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and The Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and The Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Changqing Sun
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and The Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Pang C, Ma Y, Shi W, Zi M, Chen J, Liang C, Li X, Liu Z, Du Y. Prognostic significance of serum tumor markers in various pathologic subtypes of gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 28:694-702. [PMID: 38458911 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the utility of 6 serum tumor markers in prognosis between gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). METHODS A cohort of 3131 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma and 275 cases of gastric SRCC was assembled. The serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 125, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242), and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) were measured in all cases. The study analyzed the association between the levels of these 6 tumor markers and the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma and SRCC. RESULTS The study revealed that gastric SRCC exhibited lower concentrations of CEA (P < .001) and CA19-9 (P = .002), along with reduced positive rates of CEA (P = .041), CA19-9 (P = .003), AFP (P < .001), and CA242 (P = .006), while displaying higher positive rates of CA724 (P = .024) than gastric adenocarcinoma. Nevertheless, the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that serum tumor markers did not hold clinical significance in differentiating between gastric adenocarcinoma and SRCC. Survival analysis substantiated that the combined criteria of serum tumor markers stood as an independent risk factor for both gastric adenocarcinoma and SRCC. Notably, the nomogram indicated that serum tumor markers exerted a more substantial influence on the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma than on gastric SRCC. CONCLUSION The study concluded that the combined criteria of serum tumor markers emerge as independent risk factors for both subtypes of gastric cancer. Furthermore, this combined approach exhibited enhanced efficacy in prognosticating the outcome of gastric adenocarcinoma compared with gastric SRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhong Pang
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yubo Ma
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyi Shi
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengli Zi
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinxia Chen
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yian Du
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Mazza S, Frigerio C, Alfieri D, Mauro A, Torello Viera F, Scalvini D, Barteselli C, Sgarlata C, Veronese L, Bardone M, Rovedatti L, Agazzi S, Strada E, Pozzi L, Maestri M, Ravetta V, Anderloni A. Prognostic Role of Basal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Suitable for Curative Treatment. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:692. [PMID: 38792876 PMCID: PMC11123130 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a recognized affordable oncological marker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, AFP's prognostic role has been assessed mainly after specific treatments, and no unanimously recognized cut-offs have been identified. The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic role of different basal AFP cut-offs on survival and HCC course. Materials and Methods: In this single-center, retrospective study, all patients newly diagnosed with HCC between January 2009 and December 2021 were prospectively enrolled. Only patients suitable for curative HCC treatments were included in the analyses. Patients were stratified according to AFP cut-offs of 20, 200, 400, and 1000 ng/mL, which were correlated with survival outcomes and clinical parameters. Results: A total of 266 patients were analyzed, with a median follow-up time of 41.5 months. Median overall survival (OS) of all cohort was 43 months. At the multivariate Cox-regression analysis, AFP value ≥ 1000 ng/mL correlated with impaired OS (1-year OS: 67% vs. 88%, 5-year OS: 1% vs. 43%; p = 0.005); other risk factors were tumor dimension ≥ 5 cm (HR 1.73; p = 0.002), Child-Pugh class B-C (HR 1.72; p = 0.002), BCLC stage A (vs. 0) (HR 2.4; p = 0.011), and malignant portal vein thrombosis (HR 2.57; p = 0.007). AFP ≥ 1000 ng/mL was also associated with a reduced recurrence-free survival (HR 2.0; p = 0.038), while starting from AFP ≥ 20 ng/mL, a correlation with development of HCC metastases over time (HR 3.5; p = 0.002) was seen. AFP values ≥ 20 ng/mL significantly correlated with tumor size and higher histological grading; starting from AFP values ≥ 400 ng/mL, a significant correlation with Child-Pugh class B-C and female gender was also observed. Conclusions: Basal AFP correlates with relevant outcomes in patients with HCC. It could help identify patients at a higher risk of worse prognosis who might benefit from personalized surveillance and treatment programs. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mazza
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Frigerio
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Alfieri
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Aurelio Mauro
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Torello Viera
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Scalvini
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Barteselli
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmelo Sgarlata
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Letizia Veronese
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Bardone
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Rovedatti
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Agazzi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Strada
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lodovica Pozzi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Ravetta
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Anderloni
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Li C, Deng Y, Liao R, Zhang L, Gu Y. Development and validation of nomograms for predicting prognosis in patients with solitary HCC: A TRIPOD-Compliant study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28877. [PMID: 38596087 PMCID: PMC11002278 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To develop and validate nomograms for predicting the OS and CSS of patients with Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Methods Using the TRIPOD guidelines, this study identified 5206 patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 registry database. All patients were randomly divided in a ratio of 7:3 into a training cohort (n = 3646) and a validation cohort (n = 1560), and the Chinese independent cohort (n = 307) constituted the external validation group. The prognosis-related risk factors were selected using univariate Cox regression analysis, and the independent prognostic factors of OS and CSS were identified using the Lasso-Cox regression model. The nomograms for predicting the OS and CSS of the patients were constructed based on the identified prognostic factors. Their prediction ability was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and calibration curve in both the training and validation cohorts. Results We identified factors that predict OS and CSS and constructed two nomograms based on the data. The ROC analysis, C-index analysis, and calibration analysis indicated that the two nomograms performed well over the 1, 3, and 5-year OS and CSS periods in both the training and validation cohorts. Additionally, these results were confirmed in the external validation group. Decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that the two nomograms were clinically valuable and superior to the TNM stage system. Conclusion We established and validated nomograms to predict 1,3, and 5-year OS and CSS in solitary HCC patients, and our results may also be helpful for clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rui Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Leida Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongpeng Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China
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An Y, Xia Y, Wang Z, Jin GZ, Shang M. Clinical significance of ribosome production factor 2 homolog in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102289. [PMID: 38307254 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Dysregulation of ribosome biogenesis increases the risk of cancer. RPF2 (ribosome production factor 2 homolog), a member of the BRIX family, is involved in ribosome biogenesis. However, the biological functions of RPF2 in HCC remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the function of RPF2 and its clinical significance in HCC. We collected 45 pairs of HCC/adjacent samples and 291 HCC samples. These samples were used to perform immunohistochemical analysis and western blot. Six cell lines were used to perform western blot, and two of cell lines, SMCC-7721 and SNU449, were subjected to CCK-8, wound healing and transwell assays. Immunofluorescence staining was executed in SMCC-7721 cells. The protein levels of RPF2 were higher in HCC tissues than in adjacent tissues. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the RPF2 protein was located in the nucleuses, especially the nucleolus. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical analysis showed that high expression levels of nuclear RPF2 correlated with poor prognosis, vascular invasion, liver cirrhosis and tumor size. Cell experiments showed that overexpression of RPF2 promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while knockdown of RPF2 tended to show the opposite effect. This is the first report that RPF2 is involved in HCC progression. The levels of RPF2 were significantly high in HCC tumors and had a side effect on prognosis in HCC patients. RPF2 has the potential to be a useful marker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan An
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yechen Xia
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhengyang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhecheng People's Hospital, Henan, PR China
| | - Guang-Zhi Jin
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, PR China.
| | - Mingyi Shang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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8
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Kang X, Liu X, Li Y, Yuan W, Xu Y, Yan H. Development and evaluation of nomograms and risk stratification systems to predict the overall survival and cancer-specific survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:44. [PMID: 38413421 PMCID: PMC10899391 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, and patients with HCC have a poor prognosis and low survival rates. Establishing a prognostic nomogram is important for predicting the survival of patients with HCC, as it helps to improve the patient's prognosis. This study aimed to develop and evaluate nomograms and risk stratification to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in HCC patients. Data from 10,302 patients with initially diagnosed HCC were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2017. Patients were randomly divided into the training and validation set. Kaplan-Meier survival, LASSO regression, and Cox regression analysis were conducted to select the predictors of OS. Competing risk analysis, LASSO regression, and Cox regression analysis were conducted to select the predictors of CSS. The validation of the nomograms was performed using the concordance index (C-index), the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), Net Reclassification Index (NRI), Discrimination Improvement (IDI), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analyses (DCAs). The results indicated that factors including age, grade, T stage, N stage, M stage, surgery, surgery to lymph node (LN), Alpha-Fetal Protein (AFP), and tumor size were independent predictors of OS, whereas grade, T stage, surgery, AFP, tumor size, and distant lymph node metastasis were independent predictors of CSS. Based on these factors, predictive models were built and virtualized by nomograms. The C-index for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS were 0.788, 0.792, and 0.790. The C-index for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year CSS were 0.803, 0.808, and 0.806. AIC, BIC, NRI, and IDI suggested that nomograms had an excellent predictive performance with no significant overfitting. The calibration curves showed good consistency of OS and CSS between the actual observation and nomograms prediction, and the DCA showed great clinical usefulness of the nomograms. The risk stratification of OS and CSS was built that could perfectly classify HCC patients into three risk groups. Our study developed nomograms and a corresponding risk stratification system predicting the OS and CSS of HCC patients. These tools can assist in patient counseling and guiding treatment decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichun Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yaoqi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Wenfang Yuan
- Department of the Sixth Infection, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Huimin Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
- Clinical Research Center, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
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9
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Zhou Y, Liang M, Li Y, Chen X, Yang J, Bai H, Long Y, Zhang X, Lin C. Comparative efficacy and safety of Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir and Danoprevir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: the real-world data in China. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:73. [PMID: 38355447 PMCID: PMC10868050 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir (Epclusa, ECS) is the first pan-genotype direct-acting antiviral agent (DAA) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and Danoprevir (DNV) is the first DAA developed by a Chinese local enterprise, which is suitable for combined use with other drugs to treat genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C. However, previous reports have never compared the real-world data of ECS and DNV. PATIENTS AND METHODS 178 chronic hepatitis C patients were retrospectively recruited, and 94cases were accepted with Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir ± Ribavirin (ECS group), and others (n = 84 treated with DNV combination therapy (DNV group). The HCV genotype, virological response, adverse effects and some laboratory biochemical indexes were contrasted between above two groups in the real world study. RESULTS DNV group had significantly lower level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), lower rates of decompensated cirrhosis ( P < 0.05). ECS group possessed more 6a (31.91% vs.13.10%) while DNV group was provided with more 1b (48.81% vs. 22.34%) patients. Significantly poor liver function was detected in ECS group at 4-week treatment (ALT and AST) and 12-week follow-up (AST) (all P < 0.05). The SVR12 undetectable rates of both groups were 100%, and no serious event was observed during the treatment and follow-up in both groups. CONCLUSION In this retrospective real-world study, the efficacy of DNV combined therapy is similar to Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir ± Ribavirin for chronic HCV infection, and the safety is comparable. DNV based therapy is a promising regimen for chronic hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjing Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road , 510630, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Minfeng Liang
- Department of Infectious disease, The First people's hospital of Foshan, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Department of General Practice, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yangjiang Public Health Hospital, Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Clinical Medicine Department of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Honglian Bai
- Department of Infectious disease, The First people's hospital of Foshan, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yingzi Long
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Eighth Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road , 510630, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chaoshuang Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road , 510630, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
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10
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Olbrich A, Niemeyer J, Seiffert H, Ebel S, Gros O, Lordick F, Forstmeyer D, Seehofer D, Rademacher S, Denecke T, Matz-Soja M, Berg T, van Bömmel F. The GALAD score and the BALAD-2 score correlate with transarterial and systemic treatment response and survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:81. [PMID: 38319485 PMCID: PMC10847183 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The GALAD score and the BALAD-2 score are biomarker-based scoring systems used to detect hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Both incorporate levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP (AFP-L3), and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP). Our objective was to examine the relationship between the GALAD score as well as the BALAD-2 score and treatment response to transarterial or systemic treatments in patients with HCC. METHODS A total of 220 patients with HCC treated with either transarterial (n = 121) or systemic treatments (n = 99; mainly Sorafenib) were retrospectively analyzed. The GALAD score and the BALAD-2 score were calculated based on AFP-L3, AFP, and DCP levels measured in serum samples collected before treatment. The results were correlated with 3-month treatment efficacy based on radiologic mRECIST criteria. RESULTS The GALAD score showed a strong correlation with BCLC stage (p < 0.001) and total tumor diameter before treatment (p < 0.001).The GALAD score at baseline was significantly lower in patients with a 3-month response to transarterial (p > 0.001) than in refractory patients. Among patients receiving systemic treatment, the median BALAD-2 score at baseline showed a strong association with response at month 3 (p < 0.001). In the transarterial treatment group, the GALAD score (AUC = 0.715; p < 0.001) as well as the BALAD score (AUC = 0.696; p < 0.001) were associated with overall survival, hereby outperforming AFP, AFP-L3 and DCP. CONCLUSION The GALAD score as well as the BALAD-2 score hold significant promise as a prognostic tool for patients with early or intermediate-stage HCC who are undergoing transarterial or systemic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Olbrich
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Hepatology (LCEHep), Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Niemeyer
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Hepatology (LCEHep), Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hendrik Seiffert
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Hepatology (LCEHep), Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ebel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- University Liver Tumor Center (ULTC), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Olga Gros
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Helios Clinic Köthen, Köthen, Germany
| | - Florian Lordick
- University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL) and Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Forstmeyer
- University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL) and Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Seehofer
- Department of Visceral, Vascular, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- University Liver Tumor Center (ULTC), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Rademacher
- Department of Visceral, Vascular, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- University Liver Tumor Center (ULTC), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timm Denecke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- University Liver Tumor Center (ULTC), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Madlen Matz-Soja
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Hepatology (LCEHep), Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Rudolf-Schönheimer-Institute for Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Berg
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Hepatology (LCEHep), Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- University Liver Tumor Center (ULTC), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian van Bömmel
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Hepatology (LCEHep), Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
- University Liver Tumor Center (ULTC), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
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11
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Zou R, Cao L, Wu N, Chang G, Li L, Xiao L, Yan H, Li H, Wang P, Bao T, Zhang X, Wang S, Wang Y, He H. Transistor-based immunosensor using AuNPs-Ab2-HRP enzyme nanoprobe for the detection of antigen biomarker in human blood. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:163-173. [PMID: 37930375 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is inextricably linked to various diseases, including liver cancer. Thus, detecting the content of AFP in biology has great significance in diagnosis, treatment, and intervention. Motivated by the urgent need for affordable and convenient electronic sensors in the analysis and detection of aqueous biological samples, we combined the solution-gated graphene transistor (SGGT) with the catalytic reaction of enzyme nanoprobes (HRP-AuNPs-Ab2) to accurately sense AFP. The SGGT immunosensor demonstrated high specificity and stability, excellent selectivity, and excessive linearity over a range of 4 ng/mL to 500 ng/mL, with the lower detection limit down to 1.03 ng/mL. Finally, clinical samples were successfully detected by the SGGT immunosensor, and the results were consistent with chemiluminescence methods that are popular in hospitals for detecting AFP. Notably, the SGGT immunosensor is also recyclable, so it has excellent potential for use in high-throughput detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Nan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Huiling Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Ting Bao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
| | - Hanping He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
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12
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Chaudhuri AG, Samanta S, Dey M, Raviraja NS, Dey S. Role of Alpha-Fetoprotein in the Pathogenesis of Cancer. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2024; 43:57-76. [PMID: 38505913 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2023049145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) belongs to the albuminoid protein family and is considered as the fetal analog of serum albumin. This plasma protein is initially synthesized in the fetal liver and yolk sac and shows a maximum peak near the end of the first trimester. Later, concentrations begin to decline prenatally and drop precipitously after birth. This protein has three key ligand-binding pockets for interactions with various biomolecules. It contains multiple phosphorylation and acetylation sites for the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological states. High serum AFP titer is an established biomarker for yolk sac, embryonal and hepatocellular carcinoma. The present review critically analyzes the chemical nature, receptors, clinical implications, and therapeutic aspects of AFP, underpinning the development of different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Ghosh Chaudhuri
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata 700 006, West Bengal, India
| | - Saptadip Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, Paschim Medinipur 721101, West Bengal, India
| | - Monalisha Dey
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata 700 006, West Bengal, India
| | - N S Raviraja
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - Souvik Dey
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
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13
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Zhang W, Chen Q, Cheng Y, Wang M, Tong J, Tang R, Pan Y, Yang J. Can serum ferritin serve as a biomarker for the prognosis of gynecological malignant tumors? A retrospective cohort study. Cancer Biomark 2024; 39:127-136. [PMID: 38160345 PMCID: PMC11002721 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is widely accepted that there is a strong relationship between iron levels and cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum ferritin levels and the severity and prognosis of gynecological malignant tumors. METHODS This retrospective study included patients with gynecological malignant tumors at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from January 2013 to June 2019. Patients were grouped according to their serum ferritin level: low (< 13 μg/L), normal (13-150 μg/L), and high (> 150 μg/L). Correlation analyses were performed between serum ferritin level and other factors. Cox univariable and multivariable analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to assess the impact of ferritin on survival in patients with gynecologic tumors. RESULTS The 402 total patients were divided into a low (n= 37), normal (n= 182), and high (n= 183) ferritin level group. Correlation analyses were performed that WBC, MCV, CRP, CA125, and CA153 were significantly positively correlated with serum ferritin level. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that of the three groups analyzed, the high serum ferritin level group had a significantly shorter survival time versus the normal and low serum ferritin level groups (log-rank P= 0.003). Univariable Cox regression analysis identified that patients with high serum ferritin levels had a significant correlation with risk of death compared to the patients with lower and normal serum ferritin levels. Serum ferritin was not found to be significant (HR = 0.792, 95% CI: 0.351-1.787, P= 0.574) in the multivariable Cox analysis. CONCLUSION Although this study did not find serum ferritin to be a significant independent prognosis indicator in gynecological malignant tumors, this study did identify that gynecological malignant tumor patients with high serum ferritin levels have significantly less survival time than patients with low or normal serum ferritin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yali Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliate to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinfei Tong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Tang
- School of Medicine, ShaoXing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihong Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliate to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
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14
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Sun D, Liu X, Bao K, Wu L, Kuang H, Pei H, Chen Q. Nanobody based immunoassay for alpha fetal protein detection using streptavidin-conjugated polymerized horseradish peroxidase for signal amplification. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:2059-2065. [PMID: 37704924 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) offers several advantages, including simple operation, high throughput, and low cost, making it an ideal immunoassay method for efficient screening of disease-related biomarkers in clinical samples. However, the traditional colorimetric ELISA has relatively low sensitivity, which promotes the continuous emergence of various novel signal amplification technologies. In this work, we fused the AFP-specific nanobody (A1) with the streptavidin-binding peptide (SBP) to develop a fusion protein (A1-SBP) as biorecognition element in a colorimetric ELISA for detecting AFP. Besides, to further improve the sensitivity of the traditional colorimetric ELISA, the streptavidin-conjugated polymerized horseradish peroxidase (SA-PolyHRP) were selected as a detection probe for signal amplification. The proposed signal enhancement strategy demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.597 ng/mL for the SA-polyHRP-based ELISA, which is 7.67-fold lower than that of the traditional SA-HRP-based ELISA without additional steps. Furthermore, the proposed SA-polyHRP-based ELISA showed a good correlation with the detection of clinical samples using the Roche E601 chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. Therefore, the proposed signal enhancement strategy is an attractive approach for improving the sensitivity of immunoassay without requiring additional steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Kunlu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Long Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Huijuan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, 710299, China
| | - Hua Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Qi Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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15
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Huang C, Xiao X, Zhou L, Chen F, Wang J, Hu X, Gao C. Chinese expert consensus statement on the clinical application of AFP/AFP-L3%/DCP using GALAD and GALAD-like algorithm in HCC. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24990. [PMID: 38063322 PMCID: PMC10756949 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent world-wide malignancies. Half of the newly developed HCC occurs in China. Optimizing the strategies for high-risk surveillance and early diagnosis are pivotal for improving 5-year survival. Constructing the scientific non-invasive detection technologies feasible for medical and healthcare institutions is among the key routes for elevating the efficacies of HCC identification and follow-up. RESULTS Based on the Chinese and international guidelines, expert consensus statements, literatures and evidence-based clinical practice experiences, this consensus statement puts forward the clinical implications, application subjects, detection techniques and results interpretations of the triple-biomarker (AFP, AFP-L3%, DCP) based GALAD, GALAD like models for liver cancer. CONCLUSIONS The compile of this consensus statement aims to address and push the reasonable application of the triple-biomarker (AFP, AFP-L3%, DCP) detections thus to maximize the clinical benefits and help improving the high risk surveillance, early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjun Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Laboratory MedicineShanghai Changzheng HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Shanghai Clinical Laboratory CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Chunfang Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalShanghaiChina
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16
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Qian L, Liang Z, Wang Z, Wang J, Li X, Zhao J, Li Z, Chen L, Liu Y, Ju Y, Li C, Meng S. Cellular gp96 upregulates AFP expression by blocking NR5A2 SUMOylation and ubiquitination in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Mol Cell Biol 2023; 15:mjad027. [PMID: 37204028 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most widely used biomarker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, a substantial proportion of HCC patients have either normal or marginally increased AFP levels in serum, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we provided in vitro and in vivo evidence that heat shock protein gp96 promoted AFP expression at the transcriptional level in HCC. NR5A2 was identified as a key transcription factor for the AFP gene, and its stability was enhanced by gp96. A further mechanistic study by co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down, and molecular docking showed gp96 and the SUMO E3 ligase RanBP2 competitively binding to NR5A2 at the sites spanning from aa 507 to aa 539. The binding of gp96 inhibited SUMOylation, ubiquitination, and subsequent degradation of NR5A2. In addition, clinical analysis of HCC patients indicated that gp96 expression in tumors was positively correlated with serum AFP levels. Therefore, our study uncovered a novel mechanism that gp96 regulates the stability of its client proteins by directly affecting their SUMOylation and ubiquitination. These findings will help in designing more accurate AFP-based HCC diagnosis and progression monitoring approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Qian
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhentao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiuru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingmin Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lizhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Ju
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Changfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Songdong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
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17
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Wang K, Chen XY, Liu WD, Yue Y, Wen XL, Yang YS, Zhang AG, Zhu HL. Imaging Investigation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progress via Monitoring γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase Level with a Near-Infrared Fluorescence/Photoacoustic Bimodal Probe. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14235-14243. [PMID: 37652889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the main principal causes of cancer death, and the late definite diagnosis limits therapeutic approaches in time. The early diagnosis of HCC is essential, and the previous investigations on the biomarkers inferred that the γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) level could indicate the HCC process. Herein, a near-infrared fluorescence/photoacoustic (NIRF/PA) bimodal probe, CySO3-GGT, was developed for monitoring the GGT level and thus to image the HCC process. After the in-solution tests, the bimodal response was convinced. The various HCC processes were imaged by CySO3-GGT at the cellular level. Then, the CCl4-induced HCC (both induction and treatment) and the subcutaneous and orthotopic xenograft mice models were selected. All throughout the tests, CySO3-GGT achieved NIRF and PA bimodal imaging of the HCC process. In particular, CySO3-GGT could effectively realize 3D imaging of the HCC nodule by visualizing the boundary between the tumor and the normal tissue. The information here might offer significant guidance for the dynamic monitoring of HCC in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu-Yang Chen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen-Dong Liu
- Jiangxi Nabo Wine Industry Co. Ltd., Hexi Industrial Park, Ji'an, Wan'an County343802, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wen
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ai-Guo Zhang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Cai Y, Xie K, Adeeb Alhmoud MN, Lan T, Wan H, Hu D, Lan L, Liu C, Wu H. Effect of PIVKA-II and AFP secretion status on early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after open and laparoscopic surgery. Cancer Med 2023; 12:17866-17877. [PMID: 37596739 PMCID: PMC10523999 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) and Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) have been widely used as diagnostic markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the prognostic values of the two serum markers and their clinical usefulness in patient selection for different surgical approaches remain largely unclear. METHODS HCC patients received surgical treatment between 2015 and 2019 were included. Patients were divided into four statuses according to the serum PIVKA-II and AFP secretion status: PIVKA-II (-) AFP (-) (status 1); PIVKA-II (+) AFP (-) (status 2); PIVKA-II (-) AFP (+) (status 3); PIVKA-II (+) AFP (+) (status 4). Kaplan-Meier analyses were conducted to compare the survivals of the four groups and the HCC patients received different surgical interventions; time-dependent AUC curves were introduced to evaluate the prognostic value of the PIV-AFP status; Cox regression model was used to identify prognostic indexes for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). RESULTS A total of 518 patients were included. Patients with PIVKA-II (+) and APF (+) presented significantly decreased OS and RFS comparing to the other statuses. The areas under ROC curves of PIV-AFP status in predicting OS and RFS were superior to the PIVKA-II or the AFP alone. The HCC patients in early stages with PIVKA-II (+) and APF (+) had worse RFS when received laparoscopic hepatectomy than those who received open hepatectomy, whereas there was no difference in other secretion statuses. The PIVKA-II (+) and AFP (+) secretion status was an independent risk factor for OS, RFS. CONCLUSIONS The PIV-AFP secretion status is of favorable clinical utility in predicting the OS and RFS of the HCC patients; extra caution is needed when applicated the laparoscopic approach in the HCC patients with PIVKA-II (+) and AFP (+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshi Cai
- Liver Transplant Center, Transplant Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Kunlin Xie
- Liver Transplant Center, Transplant Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Mohammad Natheir Adeeb Alhmoud
- Liver Transplant Center, Transplant Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Tian Lan
- Liver Transplant Center, Transplant Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Haifeng Wan
- Liver Transplant Center, Transplant Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Die Hu
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ling Lan
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chang Liu
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Minimal Invasive SurgeryShangjin Nanfu HospitalChengduChina
| | - Hong Wu
- Liver Transplant Center, Transplant Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
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Gong B, Wang X, Guo W, Yang H, Shi Y, Chen Y, Gao S, Chen J, Liu L, Lu L, Chen X. Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization(MC-hccAI 001): Development and Validation of the ALFP Score. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:1341-1351. [PMID: 37588889 PMCID: PMC10426442 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s415770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the recommended first-line treatment for intermediate-stage Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, predicting the survival of HCC patients receiving TACE remains challenging. Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed a total of 1805 HCC patients who received TACE. The patients were randomly divided into a training set (n = 1264) and a validation set (n = 541). We examined various prognostic factors within the training set and developed a simple ALFP (ALBI grade, AFP, and Prothrombin time) score, which was subsequently validated using the independent validation set. Results Our multivariate analysis revealed that baseline ALBI grade 2 or 3, AFP ≥ 100 ng/mL, and PT > 13.1 s were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for HCC patients receiving TACE (p < 0.05). Based on these findings, we constructed the ALFP score, which assigns 1 point each for ALBI grade 2 or 3, AFP ≥ 100 ng/mL, and PT > 13.1 s. The score has a range of 0 to 3, and higher scores are associated with poorer outcomes. The median overall survival (OS) varied significantly among different ALFP score groups, both in the training set and the validation set (p < 0.001). We further examined the ALFP score in subgroups based on tumor diameter and the number of intrahepatic lesions. In each subgroup, higher ALFP scores were consistently associated with lower OS (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our study confirms the prognostic value of the ALFP score in predicting the survival of HCC patients undergoing TACE. The score incorporates easily obtainable baseline parameters and provides a simple and practical tool for risk stratification and treatment decision-making in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocuo Gong
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanting Guo
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaying Chen
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Simiao Gao
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lifang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linbin Lu
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
| | - On behalf of Fujian HCC-biomarker Study Group
- Department of Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, People's Republic of China
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Siddiqui MTUH, Fareed G, Khan MR, Riaz A, Hamid SS. Portal vein thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and early cirrhosis-prevalence and risk factors. Ecancermedicalscience 2023; 17:1581. [PMID: 37533945 PMCID: PMC10393302 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2023.1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently associated with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) with prevalence ranging from 25% to 50%. PVT is associated with poor prognosis, limiting the available therapeutic options for these patients. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for PVT in patients with HCC. Method A retrospective analysis was performed on the prospectively collected data from January 2018 to March 2020. All patients with HCC discussed in our weekly multidisciplinary liver clinic were reviewed. Multivariate analysis was done to identify the independent risk factors for PVT in HCC patients. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Result Of 316 patients, the prevalence of PVT was 31% (n = 98). Larger tumour size (p < 0.001), raised Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) level (p = 0.036) and higher Child-Pugh class (p = 0.008) were significantly associated with PVT. In 216 patients with preserved liver function (Child-Pugh class A), PVT was seen in 53 (24.5%) patients. Large tumour size (p < 0.001) and higher AFP levels (p = 0.021) were independent risk factors. Conclusion Overall prevalence of PVT in HCC was 31% whereas 24.5% in patients with early cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A). We identified various risk factors associated with PVT in our local population, highlighting the importance of early and regular screening of cirrhotic patients including Child-Pugh class A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghulam Fareed
- Department of Medicine, Kulsum International Hospital, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Amna Riaz
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Sadiq Hamid
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
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21
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Liu B, Gao S, Guo J, Kou F, Liu S, Zhang X, Wang X, Cao G, Chen H, Liu P, Xu H, Gao Q, Yang R, Zhu X. A Novel Nomogram for Predicting the Overall Survival in Patients with Unresectable HCC after TACE plus Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy. Transl Oncol 2023; 34:101705. [PMID: 37257332 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Transarterial chemoembolization combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (TACE-HAIC) has shown encouraging efficacy in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to develop a novel nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) of patients with unresectable HCC treated with TACE-HAIC. METHODS A total of 591 patients with unresectable HCC treated with TACE-HAIC between May 2009 and September 2020 were enrolled. These patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. The independent prognostic factors were identified with Cox proportional hazards model. The model's discriminative ability and accuracy were validated using concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analyses (DCAs). RESULTS The median OS was 15.6 months. A nomogram was established based on these factors, including tumor size, vein invasion, extrahepatic metastasis, tumor number, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI), to predict OS for patients with unresectable HCC treated with TACE-HAIC. The C-index of the nomogram were 0.717 in the training cohort and 0.724 in validation cohort. The calibration plots demonstrated good agreement between the predicted outcomes and the actual observations. The AUC values were better than those of three conventional staging systems. The results of DCA indicated that the nomogram may have clinical usefulness. The patients in the low-risk group had a longer OS than those in intermediate-risk and high-risk groups (P<0.001). CONCLUSION A prognostic nomogram was developed and validated to assist clinicians in accurately predicting the OS of patients with unresectable HCC after TACE-HAIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Song Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Fuxin Kou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qinzong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Renjie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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Wei H, Yang J, Chen X, Liu M, Zhang H, Sun W, Wang Y, Zhou Y. BAIAP2L2 is a novel prognostic biomarker related to migration and invasion of HCC and associated with cuprotosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8692. [PMID: 37248248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35420-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and its pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown. IRSp53 family members, such as BAIAP2L1, participate in the progression of multiple tumors. However, the role of BAIAP2L2 in HCC remains unclear. This study comprehensively analyzed the potential role of BAIAP2L2 in HCC using bioinformatic techniques. The expression of BAIAP2L2 in HCC was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases and in vitro experiments. In addition, the prognostic value of BAIAP2L2 in HCC was analyzed using the TCGA database. TCGA and GEO database were used to analyze the role of BAIAP2L2 in immune features. We also explored the function of BAIAP2L2 in methylation and cuprotosis. The CellMiner database was used to analyze the relationship between BAIAP2L2 expression and drug sensitivity. Our study revealed that BAIAP2L2 is overexpressed in HCC and promotes the migration and invasion of HCC cells. BAIAP2L2 may affect the prognosis of HCC by regulating immunity, methylation, and cuprotosis. BAIAP2L2 is a novel HCC prognostic gene involved in immune infiltration associated with cuprotosis and may be a potential prognosis and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wei
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xia Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Mengxiao Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huiyun Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weiming Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Chen H, Zhang J, Huang R, Wang D, Deng D, Zhang Q, Luo L. The Applications of Electrochemical Immunosensors in the Detection of Disease Biomarkers: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083605. [PMID: 37110837 PMCID: PMC10144570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease-related biomarkers may serve as indicators of human disease. The clinical diagnosis of diseases may largely benefit from timely and accurate detection of biomarkers, which has been the subject of extensive investigations. Due to the specificity of antibody and antigen recognition, electrochemical immunosensors can accurately detect multiple disease biomarkers, including proteins, antigens, and enzymes. This review deals with the fundamentals and types of electrochemical immunosensors. The electrochemical immunosensors are developed using three different catalysts: redox couples, typical biological enzymes, and nanomimetic enzymes. This review also focuses on the applications of those immunosensors in the detection of cancer, Alzheimer's disease, novel coronavirus pneumonia and other diseases. Finally, the future trends in electrochemical immunosensors are addressed in terms of achieving lower detection limits, improving electrode modification capabilities and developing composite functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huinan Chen
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Dejia Wang
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Dongmei Deng
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qixian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200436, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Technology, Shanghai University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Liqiang Luo
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Bosi C, Rimini M, Casadei-Gardini A. Understanding the causes of recurrent HCC after liver resection and radiofrequency ablation. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:503-515. [PMID: 37060290 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2203387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation are preferred options for early-stage disease, with 5-year recurrence rates as high as 70% when patients are treated according to guidelines. With increasing availability of therapeutic options, including but not limited to, immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antiangiogenics, and adoptive cell therapies, understanding the causes of recurrence and identifying its predictors should be priorities in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) research agenda. AREAS COVERED Current knowledge of HCC predictors of recurrence is reviewed, and recent insights about its underlying mechanisms are presented. In addition, results from recent clinical trials investigating treatment combinations are critically appraised. EXPERT OPINION HCC recurrence is either due to progressive growth of microscopic residual disease, or to de novo cancer development in the context of a diseased liver, each occurring in an early (<2years) vs. late (≥2 years) fashion. Collectively, morphological, proteomic, and transcriptomic data suggest vascular invasion and angiogenesis as key drivers of HCC recurrence. Agents aimed at blocking either of these two hallmarks should be prioritized at the moment of early-stage HCC clinical trial design. Emerging results from clinical trials testing ICI in early-stage HCC underscore the importance of defining the best treatment sequence and the most appropriate combination strategies. Lastly, as different responses to systemic therapies are increasingly defined according to the HCC etiology, patient enrolment into clinical trials should take into account the biological characteristics of their inherent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bosi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Margherita Rimini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
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25
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Wu H, Zhang G, Yang X. Electrochemical immunosensor based on Fe3O4/MWCNTs-COOH/AuNPs nanocomposites for trace liver cancer marker alpha-fetoprotein detection. Talanta 2023; 259:124492. [PMID: 37011563 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical biosensor based on iron tetroxide (Fe3O4)/carboxylated carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH)/gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was designed for the detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which is often used as an important indicator for the early clinical diagnosis of liver cancer markers. The Fe3O4/MWCNTs-COOH nanocomposite was synthesized by a solvothermal method and it combined with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) deposited at the constant potential on a glassy carbon electrode to form Fe3O4/MWCNTs-COOH/AuNPs, which intensifies the electrical signal while the large active sites enable more stable immobilization of the AFP monoclonal antibodies on the electrode. The electrochemical performance of Fe3O4/MWCNTs-COOH/AuNPs was investigated in detail and the electrochemical response signal after the immune reaction with the AFP antigen-antibody was recorded. The peak current Ip of the response signal is linearly proportional to the lgcAFP in the range of 1 pg mL-1-10 μg mL-1, with a detection limit of 1.09034 pg mL-1 and good performance in clinical sample testing. The proposed sensor has shown great application and development potential in clinical medicine field.
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Liu H, Bai Y, Li F, Tian Z. Combined serum CXCL8, CXCL9 and CXCL13 tests for the prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomark Med 2023; 17:265-272. [PMID: 37218545 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This work is to explore the predictive and diagnostic value of chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 8 (CXCL8), CXCL9 and CXCL13 combined detections for microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Materials & methods: A total of 82 HCC patients with MVI were recruited as the MVI group and 154 patients with non MVI were recruited as the non MVI group. Results: In HCC patients with MVI, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL13 levels were significantly elevated. Child-Pugh scores and serum α-fetoprotein level had positive correlation with CXCL8, CXCL9 and CXCL13 levels. The serum levels of CXCL8, 9 and 13 were effective in predicting MVI in HCC patients. Conclusion: CXCL8, CXCL9 and CXCL13 levels in HCC patients are valuable parameters in the prediction of MVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital, No. 1215 Guangrui Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214007, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, No. 101 Xingyuan North Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214044, China
| | - Fuli Li
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital, No. 1215 Guangrui Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214007, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
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Chen H, Li Y, Song Y, Liu F, Deng D, Zhu X, He H, Yan X, Luo L. A sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor based on spherical nucleic acids-templated Ag nanoclusters for ultrasensitive detection of tumor biomarker. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 223:115029. [PMID: 36580814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.115029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The accurate determination of tumor biomarkers in blood is of vital significance in the diagnosis and therapy of tumor disease. In this research, an innovative sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor is designed for the ultrasensitive determination of tumor biomarker AFP using spherical nucleic acids-templated silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) sensing platform. For this purpose, on one hand, DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@DNA) is selected not only as the cross-linker to immobilize the primary antibody (anti-AFP antibody 1, Ab1) to obtain AuNPs@DNA-Ab1, but also as the template for synthesizing AgNCs on AuNPs to form AuNPs@DNA-AgNCs. On the other hand, p-sulfonated calix[4]arene (pSC4) modified Au is chosen to immobilize the secondary antibody (anti-AFP antibody 2, Ab2) through host-guest recognition between Ab2 and pSC4. When AFP is encountered, the immunoreaction signal can be significantly amplified by the electrochemical reduction of AgNCs. Under optimal circumstances, the sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor exhibits broad limit of linearity from 0.001 to 100 ng mL-1 (R2 = 0.997) and low detection limit of 7.74 fg mL-1 (S/N = 3). The immunosensor possesses excellent repeatability and selectivity, offering a novel method for sensitive clinical diagnosis of tumor markers in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huinan Chen
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Yuchen Song
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Fujing Liu
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Dongmei Deng
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China.
| | - Haibo He
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Yan
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Liqiang Luo
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
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28
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Zhang JH, Liu M, Zhou F, Yan HL, Zhou YG. Homogeneous Electrochemical Immunoassay Using an Aggregation-Collision Strategy for Alpha-Fetoprotein Detection. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3045-3053. [PMID: 36692355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Homogeneous immunoassays represent an attractive alternative to traditional heterogeneous assays due to their simplicity and high efficiency. Homogeneous electrochemical assays, however, are not commonly accessed due to the requirement of electrode immobilization of the recognition elements. Herein, we demonstrate a new homogeneous electrochemical immunoassay based on the aggregation-collision strategy for the quantification of tumor protein biomarker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The detection principle relies on the aggregation of AgNPs induced by the molecular biorecognition between AFP and AgNPs-anti-AFP probes, which leads to an increased AgNP size and decreased AgNP concentration, allowing an accurate self-validated dual-mode immunoassay by performing nanoimpact electrochemistry (NIE) of the oxidation of AgNPs. The intrinsic one-by-one analytical capability of NIE as well as the participation of all of the atoms of the AgNPs in signal transduction greatly elevates the detection sensitivity. Accordingly, the current sensor enables a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 pg/mL for AFP analysis with high specificity and efficiency. More importantly, reliable detection of AFP in diluted human sera of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is successfully achieved, indicating that the NIE-based homogeneous immunoassay shows great potential in HCC liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, Shandong, China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Personalized Prescribing Inc., Suite 500, 150 Ferrand Dr, Toronto, Ontario M3C 3E5, Canada
| | - Hai-Long Yan
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yi-Ge Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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29
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Donath H, Wölke S, Knop V, Heß U, Duecker RP, Trischler J, Poynard T, Schubert R, Zielen S. Liver Assessment in Patients with Ataxia-Telangiectasia: Transient Elastography Detects Early Stages of Steatosis and Fibrosis. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 2023:2877350. [PMID: 36941982 PMCID: PMC10024628 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2877350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a rare autosomal-recessive multisystem disorder characterized by pronounced cerebellar ataxia, telangiectasia, cancer predisposition, and altered body composition. Liver diseases with steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma are frequent findings in older patients but sensitive noninvasive diagnostic tools are lacking. Objectives To determine the sensitivity of transient elastography (TE) as a screening tool for early hepatic tissue changes and serum biomarkers for liver disease. Methods Thirty-one A-T patients aged 2 to 25 years were examined prospectively from 2016-2018 by TE. In addition, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of liver biomarkers for steatosis and necroinflammatory activity (SteatoTest and ActiTest, Biopredictive, Paris) compared to TE. For calculation and comparison, patients were divided into two groups (<12, >12 years of age). Results TE revealed steatosis in 2/21 (10%) younger patients compared to 9/10 (90%) older patients. Fibrosis was present in 3/10 (30%) older patients as assessed by TE. We found a significant correlation of steatosis with SteatoTest, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), HbA1c, and triglycerides. Liver stiffness correlated significantly with SteatoTest, ActiTest, HbA1c, and triglycerides. Conclusion Liver disease is a common finding in older A-T patients. TE is an objective measure to detect early stages of steatosis and fibrosis. SteatoTest and ActiTest are a good diagnostic assessment for steatosis and necroinflammatory activity in patients with A-T and confirmed the TE results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Donath
- 1Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S. Wölke
- 1Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - V. Knop
- 2Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - U. Heß
- 1Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - R. P. Duecker
- 1Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J. Trischler
- 1Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T. Poynard
- 3Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Hepatology Department, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - R. Schubert
- 1Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S. Zielen
- 1Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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30
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Li S, Yang R, Yin N, Zhao M, Zhang S, Faiola F. Developmental toxicity assessments for TBBPA and its commonly used analogs with a human embryonic stem cell liver differentiation model. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136924. [PMID: 36272632 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is widely used in industrial production as a halogenated flame retardant (HFR). Its substitutes and derivatives are also commonly employed as HFRs. Consequently, they can be frequently detected in environmental and human samples. The potential developmental toxicity of TBBPA and its analogs, particularly to the human liver, is still controversial or not thoroughly assessed. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the early stages of human liver development to explore the toxic effects of those HFRs, by using a human embryonic stem cell liver differentiation model. We concluded that nanomolar treatments (1, 10, and 100 nM) of those pollutants may not exert significant interference to liver development and functions. However, at 5 μM doses, TBBPA and its analogs severely affected liver functions, such as glycogen storage, and caused lipid accumulation. Furthermore, TBBPA-bis(allyl ether) showed the most drastic effects among the six compounds tested. Taken together, our findings support the view that TBBPA can be used safely, provided its amounts are strictly controlled. Nonetheless, TBBPA alternatives or derivatives may exhibit stronger adverse effects than TBBPA itself, and may not be safer choices for manufacturing applications when utilized in a large and unrestricted way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Miaomiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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31
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Kalemkeridou M, Nanas I, Moutou K, Amiridis GS, Tsipourlianos A, Dovolou E, Mamuris Z, Giannoulis T. Genetic diversity and thermotolerance in Holstein cows: Pathway analysis and marker development using whole-genome sequencing. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:146-157. [PMID: 36196498 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress causes extensive losses in the dairy sector, due to negative effects on milk production and reproduction. Cows have evolved a series of protective mechanisms, (physiological, biochemical, behavioural) to cope with the thermostressing environments, which have allowed the preservation of productive and reproductive potential of specific animals during summer; these animals are considered thermotolerant and could be used to design programs of selective breeding. These programs, targeting the generations of a population of heat-resistant animals, would increase the frequency of the desired phenotypes, tackling the financial losses on one hand and reducing the carbon footprints of the dairy sector on the other. The development of genomics techniques has enabled genome wide variant calling, to detect SNPs associated with the desired phenotypes. In this study, we used a comparative genomics approach to detect genetic variation associated with thermotolerance and to design molecular markers for characterizing the animals as tolerant/sensitive. A total of 40 cows from each group were split in four sequencing pools and a whole-genome sequencing approach was used. Results and conclusion: Genome-wide genetic variation between groups was characterized and enrichment analysis revealed specific pathways which participate in the adaptive mechanisms of thermotolerance, implicated into systemic and cellular responses, including the immune system functionality, Heat Stress and Unfolded Protein Response. The markers made a promising set of results, as specific SNPs in five genes encoding for Heat Shock Proteins were significantly associated with thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalemkeridou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Nanas
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Katerina Moutou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios S Amiridis
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Andreas Tsipourlianos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Eleni Dovolou
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Zissis Mamuris
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Themistoklis Giannoulis
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Bioinformatics, Department of Animal Science, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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32
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Zhou Z, Tan C, Chau M, Jiang X, Ke Z, Chen X, Cao Y, Kwok YK, Bellgard M, Leung T, Choy K, Dong Z. TEDD: a database of temporal gene expression patterns during multiple developmental periods in human and model organisms. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 51:D1168-D1178. [PMID: 36350663 PMCID: PMC9825605 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of the specific expression and chromatin profiles of genes enables understanding how they contribute to tissue/organ development and the mechanisms leading to diseases. Whilst the number of single-cell sequencing studies is increasing dramatically; however, data mining and reanalysis remains challenging. Herein, we systematically curated the up-to-date and most comprehensive datasets of sequencing data originating from 2760 bulk samples and over 5.1 million single-cells from multiple developmental periods from humans and multiple model organisms. With unified and systematic analysis, we profiled the gene expression and chromatin accessibility among 481 cell-types, 79 tissue-types and 92 timepoints, and pinpointed cells with the co-expression of target genes. We also enabled the detection of gene(s) with a temporal and cell-type specific expression profile that is similar to or distinct from that of a target gene. Additionally, we illustrated the potential upstream and downstream gene-gene regulation interactions, particularly under the same biological process(es) or KEGG pathway(s). Thus, TEDD (Temporal Expression during Development Database), a value-added database with a user-friendly interface, not only enables researchers to identify cell-type/tissue-type specific and temporal gene expression and chromatin profiles but also facilitates the association of genes with undefined biological functions in development and diseases. The database URL is https://TEDD.obg.cuhk.edu.hk/.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Hoi Kin Chau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center for Medical Genetics, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaosen Jiang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziyuan Ke
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Maternal-Fetal Medicine Institute, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ye Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,The Fertility Preservation Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yvonne K Kwok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew Bellgard
- eResearch Office, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tak Yeung Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center for Medical Genetics, Hong Kong, China,The Fertility Preservation Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwong Wai Choy
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Kwong Wai Choy. Tel: +852 3505 3099; Fax: +852 2636 0008;
| | - Zirui Dong
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +852 3505 3099; Fax: +852 2636 0008;
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Autoantibody against Tumor-Associated Antigens as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Hispanic Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203227. [PMID: 36291095 PMCID: PMC9600682 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been investigated for many years as potential early diagnosis tools, especially for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nonetheless, very few studies have focused on the Hispanic HCC group that may be associated with distinct etiological risk factors. In the present study, we investigated novel anti-TAA autoantibodies as diagnostic biomarkers for Hispanic HCC patients. Methods: Novel TAA targets were identified by the serological proteome analysis (SERPA) and from differentially expressed HCC driver genes via bioinformatics. The autoantibody levels were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Among 19 potential TAA targets, 4 anti-TAA autoantibodies were investigated as potential diagnostic biomarkers with significantly high levels in Hispanic HCC sera, including DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), p16, Hear shock protein 60 (Hsp60), and Heat shock protein A5 (HSPA5). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of the single autoantibodies varies from 0.7505 to 0.8885. After combining all 4 autoantibodies, the sensitivity of the autoantibody panel increased to 75% compared to the single one with the highest value of 45.8%. In a separate analysis of the Asian cohort, autoantibodies against HSPA5 and p16 showed significantly elevated levels in HCC compared to normal healthy controls, but not for DNMT3A or HSP60. Conclusion: Anti-DNMT3A, p16, HSPA5, and HSP60 autoantibodies have the potential to be diagnostic biomarkers for Hispanic HCC patients, of which DNMT3A and HSP60 might be exclusive for Hispanic HCC diagnosis.
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Detection of Alpha-Fetoprotein Using Aptamer-Based Sensors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12100780. [PMID: 36290918 PMCID: PMC9599106 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is widely-known as the most commonly used protein biomarker for liver cancer diagnosis at the early stage. Therefore, developing the highly sensitive and reliable method of AFP detection is of essential demand for practical applications. Herein, two types of aptamer-based AFP detection methods, i.e., optical and electrochemical biosensors, are reviewed in detail. The optical biosensors include Raman spectroscopy, dual-polarization interferometry, resonance light-scattering, fluorescence, and chemiluminescence. The electrochemical biosensors include cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and giant magnetic impedance. Looking into the future, methods for AFP detection that are high sensitivity, long-term stability, low cost, and operation convenience will continue to be developed.
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35
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Farzaneh M, Ghasemian M, Ghaedrahmati F, Poodineh J, Najafi S, Masoodi T, Kurniawan D, Uddin S, Azizidoost S. Functional roles of lncRNA-TUG1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 2022; 308:120974. [PMID: 36126725 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or hepatoma is malignant cancer that starts from the main liver cells. Although various classical methods have been used for patients with HCC, various molecular mechanisms involved in HCC progression should be invested. Previous studies demonstrated that abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) presented important roles in the pathogenesis of HCC cells. LncRNA TUG1 was found to mediate HCC cell growth, EMT, and metastasis. Therefore, targeting TUG1 and its downstream genes may be a suitable approach for patients with HCC. In this review, we summarized the potential roles of TUG1 in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Majid Ghasemian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jafar Poodineh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Dedy Kurniawan
- Laboratory Animal and Stem Cells, PT Bio Farma (Persero), Bandung 40161, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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36
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Gan L, Ren S, Lang M, Li G, Fang F, Chen L, Liu Y, Han R, Zhu K, Song T. Predictive Value of Preoperative Serum AFP, CEA, and CA19-9 Levels in Patients with Single Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Retrospective Study. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2022; 9:799-810. [PMID: 35990213 PMCID: PMC9384872 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s376607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore the relationship between the tumor marker score (TMS) and the postoperative recurrence of single small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods A total of 409 patients with one resectable HCC with a diameter of 3 cm or less who visited Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital from January 2010 to December 2014 were included in this study. Their alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels were classified into low and high groups using X-tile software. Each patients' TMS was calculated as the sum of each tumor marker (low = 0; high = 1). Results A total of 142 patients were classified as TMS0, 171 as TMS1, and 96 as TMS2. Kaplan–Meier analysis illustrated that TMS could divide the patients into groups with remarkably different prognoses, and the patients with high TMS had worse recurrence-free survival (RFS) than those with low TMS. Multivariate analysis showed that TMS, age, and HBeAg positive were the independent predictors of RFS rate. Subgroup analysis revealed that high TMS was a stable risk factor relative to TMS0. Receiver operating curves showed that the 1-, 3-, and 5-year area under curve (AUC) values of TMS were 0.698, 0.662, and 0.673, respectively. The AUC of TMS was higher than that of other common prognostic models in time-dependent receiver operating curve. Conclusion TMS was an independent prognostic factor for the postoperative recurrence of a single small HCC and can provide a well-discriminated risk stratification, thus contributing to prognostic prediction and adjuvant therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leijuan Gan
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Ren
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengran Lang
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangtao Li
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Fang
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayue Liu
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyu Han
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangwei Zhu
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqiang Song
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
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No significant relationship exists between tumor size and prognosis in distant metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis based on SEER database. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:274. [PMID: 35655184 PMCID: PMC9161599 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that tumor size has an impact on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Whether tumor size is related to the prognosis of distant metastatic HCC is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of tumor size on the prognosis of distant metastatic HCC.
Methods
Data on patients with HCC were collected from the (SEER) database of surveillance, epidemiology and final results. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce confounding factors and comprehensively evaluate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of distant metastatic HCC.
Results
There were 189 patients with distant metastatic HCC whose tumor size was ≤ 50 mm and 615 patients with a tumor size > 50 mm. The tumor sizes of distant metastatic HCC patients were associated with race, grade, surgical treatment, N and AFP. The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the mortality rate of patients with a tumor size > 50 mm was higher than that of patients with a tumor size ≤ 50 mm (p = 0.00062). However, there were no significant differences in mortality rates after adjusting for confounding variables by using propensity score matching (p = 0.23).
Conclusion
This propensity score matching study provides the best data in support of the following assertions: tumor size is not an independent prognostic factor for distant metastatic HCC.
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Li D, Zeng L, Wang Y, Tang HW, Lee WX, Chen Z, Zhang L, Zou Y, Xie D, Hu F. Terahertz metamaterial biosensor for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma at early stage. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:4817-4822. [PMID: 36255965 DOI: 10.1364/ao.459489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We propose a method for diagnosis of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by using a terahertz (THz) metamaterial (MM) biosensor. The biosensor has a resonance frequency at about 0.801 THz and can measure the concentration of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in serum. The sensitivity of the sensor is 124 GHz/refractive index unit (RIU), and the quality-factor (Q) is 6.913, respectively. When the surface of the biosensor is covered with healthy serum (AFP≤7ng/mL), the maximum resonance frequency shift is 50 GHz. However, when it is covered with serum from patients with cirrhosis and early HCC (AFP>7ng/mL), the resonance frequency shift is more than 59 GHz. Positive correlation exists between the frequency shift of the biosensor and serum levels of the AFP in the HCC patients. This study provides a method for quick diagnosis and prediction of cirrhosis and HCC.
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Llovet JM, Singal AG, Villanueva A, Finn RS, Kudo M, Galle PR, Ikeda M, Callies S, McGrath LM, Wang C, Abada P, Widau RC, Gonzalez-Gugel E, Zhu AX. Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Patients with Advanced HCC and Elevated Alpha-Fetoprotein Treated with Ramucirumab in Two Randomized Phase III Trials. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:2297-2305. [PMID: 35247922 PMCID: PMC9662930 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-4000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ramucirumab is an effective treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) and baseline alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ≥400 ng/mL. We aimed to identify prognostic and predictive factors of response to ramucirumab in patients with aHCC with AFP ≥400 ng/mL from the phase III REACH and REACH-2 randomized trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with aHCC, Child-Pugh class A with prior sorafenib treatment were randomized in REACH and REACH-2 (ramucirumab 8 mg/kg or placebo, biweekly). Meta-analysis of individual patient-level data (pooled population) from REACH (AFP ≥400 ng/mL) and REACH-2 was performed. A drug exposure analysis was conducted for those with evaluable pharmacokinetic data. To identify potential prognostic factors for overall survival (OS), multivariate analyses were performed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. To define predictors of ramucirumab benefit, subgroup-by-treatment interaction terms were evaluated. RESULTS Of 542 patients (316 ramucirumab, 226 placebo) analyzed, eight variables had independent prognostic value associated with poor outcome (geographical region, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score ≥1, AFP >1,000 ng/mL, Child-Pugh >A5, extrahepatic spread, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, high alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase). Ramucirumab survival benefit was present across all subgroups, including patients with very aggressive HCC [above median AFP; HR: 0.64; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49-0.84] and nonviral aHCC (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.40-0.79). While no baseline factor was predictive of a differential OS benefit with ramucirumab, analyses demonstrated an association between high drug exposure, treatment-emergent hypertension (grade ≥3), and increased ramucirumab benefit. CONCLUSIONS Ramucirumab provided a survival benefit irrespective of baseline prognostic covariates, and this benefit was greatest in patients with high ramucirumab drug exposure and/or those with treatment-related hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep M. Llovet
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució Catalana d'Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Amit G. Singal
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Richard S. Finn
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Peter R. Galle
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mainz University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Masafumi Ikeda
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Abada
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | | | - Andrew X. Zhu
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Jiahui International Cancer Center, Jiahui Health, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Early Diagnosis Value of DCE-MRI Hemodynamic Parameters in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9556589. [PMID: 35602297 PMCID: PMC9122710 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9556589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To probe into the early diagnosis value of transfer coefficient (Ktrans) and rate constant (Kep) of the dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) hemodynamic parameters in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Fifty patients with HCC diagnosed in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2020 were studied retrospectively as the patient group (PG), and 45 cases with benign liver nodules diagnosed in our hospital during the same period were collected as the control group (CG). Ktrans, Kep, and AFP levels were compared between PG and CG. The diagnostic value of Ktrans and Kep in HCC were observed, and their correlations with patient clinical data were analyzed. The diagnostic value of Ktrans and Kep combined with AFP in clinical staging, differentiation degree, and distant metastasis was compared. Results Ktrans, Kep, and AFP were notably higher in cases than in controls (P < 0.05), indicating their high diagnostic value in HCC. Ktrans and Kep present elevated expression in HCC patients with clinical stage III-IV, low differentiation, and distant metastasis (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it is found that the combined detection with either Ktrans or Kep can improve the clinical diagnostic value of AFP in the clinical stage and differentiation of HCC. However, the combined diagnosis showed little effect in raising the sensitivity of AFP in distant metastasis. Conclusion DCE-MRI hemodynamic parameters Ktrans and Kep have high clinical value in early diagnosis and differentiation of HCC patients.
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Polysaccharide-Rich Fractions from Ganoderma resinaceum (Ganodermataceae) as Chemopreventive Agents in N-Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Wistar Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8198859. [PMID: 35463072 PMCID: PMC9019406 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8198859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and lethal diseases worldwide. Its treatment remains ineffective and the prognosis remains severe, thus favoring the emergence of a preventive approach. Mushroom-derived polysaccharides offer great opportunities because of their less toxicity and bioactivities. The present study aimed to investigate the chemopreventive effects of water-soluble polysaccharides from Ganoderma resinaceum on HCC. Two G. resinaceum polysaccharide-rich fractions (GRP I and GRP II) were obtained following hot water and alcohol precipitation. Their proteins, phenol compounds, and total neutral sugar content were assayed. The in vitro antiproliferative effect was assessed in MDA-MB 231, Hela, and HepG2 using the MTT assay. Further, for the in vivo study, seven groups of nine rats each received N-diethylnitrosamine (100 mg/kg BW), vehicle (NaCl 0.9%), doxorubicin (10 mg/kg BW), or G. resinaceum polysaccharides (125 and 250 mg/kg BW). Liver cancer initiation and progression was assessed by evaluating histomorphology of liver section, hepatic injury markers, hematology, cytokines/chemokines levels, and stress oxidative markers. GRP II presented higher protein and sugar and lower phenol compound content than GRP I. GRP exhibited CC50 of 340 and 261.7 in HepG2 cells after 48 h. Moreover, GRP I and GRP II (125 and 250 mg/kg) prevented the alteration of the histoarchitecture of the liver induced by the DEN. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), proinflammatory cytokines (G-CSF, IFNγ, and TNFα), and chemokines (eotaxin and fractalkine) levels were significantly decreased in the GRP I- and GRP II-treated groups, while anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-12p70) levels were increased. The antioxidant defense was also stimulated by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO2) levels, increasing catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and reducing glutathione (GSH) levels. Our results indicate that GRP I exhibits chemopreventive effects by inhibiting cell proliferation and restoring liver architecture, antioxidant enzymes, and cytokines/chemokines balance.
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Braghini MR, Lo Re O, Romito I, Fernandez-Barrena MG, Barbaro B, Pomella S, Rota R, Vinciguerra M, Avila MA, Alisi A. Epigenetic remodelling in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:107. [PMID: 35331312 PMCID: PMC8943959 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver cancer, being the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. As other heterogeneous solid tumours, HCC results from a unique synergistic combination of genetic alterations mixed with epigenetic modifications.In HCC the patterns and frequencies of somatic variations change depending on the nearby chromatin. On the other hand, epigenetic alterations often induce genomic instability prone to mutations. Epigenetics refers to heritable states of gene expression without alteration to the DNA sequence itself and, unlike genetic changes, the epigenetic modifications are reversible and affect gene expression more extensively than genetic changes. Thus, studies of epigenetic regulation and the involved molecular machinery are greatly contributing to the understanding of the mechanisms that underline HCC onset and heterogeneity. Moreover, this knowledge may help to identify biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and prognosis, as well as future new targets for more efficacious therapeutic approaches.In this comprehensive review we will discuss the state-of-the-art knowledge about the epigenetic landscape in hepatocarcinogenesis, including evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic role of non-coding RNAs, modifications occurring at the chromatin level, and their role in the era of precision medicine.Apart from other better-known risk factors that predispose to the development of HCC, characterization of the epigenetic remodelling that occurs during hepatocarcinogenesis could open the way to the identification of personalized biomarkers. It may also enable a more accurate diagnosis and stratification of patients, and the discovery of new targets for more efficient therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Braghini
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale S. Paolo, 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Oriana Lo Re
- Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute of the Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Ilaria Romito
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale S. Paolo, 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Maite G Fernandez-Barrena
- Hepatology Program, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Barbara Barbaro
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale S. Paolo, 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and Cellular and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and Cellular and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute of the Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Matias A Avila
- Hepatology Program, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Alisi
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale S. Paolo, 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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Liu A, Li Y, Shen L, Shen L, Li Z. Clinical utility of serum fucosylated fraction of alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnostic of hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive analysis with large sample size. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2645-2664. [PMID: 35307694 PMCID: PMC9004564 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of the utility of AFP-L3 for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, to provide a more accurate estimation for the clinical utility of AFP-L3. We performed online searches in five databases (PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Web of Science, and Embase), from inception to December 31, 2021. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) with the matching 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to estimate the diagnostic value of AFP-L3. Thirty-four studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity was 0.70 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-0.77], and the specificity was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.94). The estimated area under the curve (AUC) was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87-0.92). The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 7.78 (95% CI: 5.7-10.7) and 0.33 (95% CI: 0.26-0.41), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 24 (95% CI: 16-37). The subgroup analysis indicated moderate sensitivity (0.79) and high specificity (0.89) for the Asian population (AUC = 0.89), and similar specificity (0.95) but lower sensitivity (0.35) for Caucasians (AUC = 0.80). Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test detected no publication bias (P = 0.460). The sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled results were stable. Taken together, our results indicated that AFP-L3 demonstrates high diagnostic ability for HCC, especially among Asian populations. AFP-L3 is a useful means for high-volume screening, which can help doctors optimize diagnosis workflow, reduce workload, and improve detection sensitivity. The combination of multiple biomarkers may provide more accurate diagnostic tools for HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aibin Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
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Lin Z, Xu Q, Song X, Zeng Y, Zeng L, Zhao L, Xu J, Miao D, Chen Z, Yu F. Comprehensive Analysis Identified Mutation-Gene Signature Impacts the Prognosis Through Immune Function in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:748557. [PMID: 35311113 PMCID: PMC8931204 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.748557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a life-threatening and refractory malignancy with poor outcome. Genetic mutations are the hallmark of cancer. Thus far, there is no comprehensive prognostic model constructed by mutation-gene transcriptome in HCC. The prognostic value of mutation-gene signature in HCC remains elusive.MethodsRNA expression profiles and the corresponding clinical information were recruited from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was employed to establish gene signature. Kaplan–Meier curve and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve were implemented to evaluate the prognostic value. The Wilcoxon test was performed to analyze the expression of immune checkpoint genes, cell cycle genes, and tumor drug resistance genes in different risk groups. Finally, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-RCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to validate the mRNA and protein expression between HCC and adjacent nontumorous tissues in an independent cohort.ResultsA prognostic model consisting of five mutated genes was established by LASSO Cox regression analysis. The prognostic model classified patients into high- and low-risk groups. Compared with the low‐risk group, patients in the high‐risk group had significantly worse survival results. The prognostic model can accurately predict the overall survival of HCC patients and predict overall survival more accurately when combined with stage. Furthermore, the immune checkpoint genes, cell cycle genes, and tumor drug resistance genes were higher expressed in the high-risk group compared in the low-risk group. In addition, the expression level of prognostic signature genes was validated in an independent sample cohort, which was consistent with RNA sequencing expression in the TCGA database.ConclusionThe prediction model of HCC constructed using mutation-related genes is of great significance for clinical decision making and the personalized treatment of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Lin
- Laboratory Animal Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xian Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liuwei Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Luying Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dan Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhuoyan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fujun Yu, ; Zhuoyan Chen,
| | - Fujun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fujun Yu, ; Zhuoyan Chen,
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Marked elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein following Clonorchis sinensis infection: A rare case report☆. LIVER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Mohamed AA, Zaghloul RA, Abdelghany AM, El Gayar AM. Selenium nanoparticles and quercetin suppress thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats: Attenuation of inflammation involvement. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e22989. [PMID: 35179263 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigates the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of selenium (Se) formulated as nanoparticles (SeNPs) and in combination with quercetin (QCT) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups (n = 12). Three control groups; normal, SeNPs; group received SeNPs only and HCC; group received TAA. In addition, three preventive groups; SeNPs + TAA, QCT + TAA, and QCT + SeNPs + TAA. Induction of HCC was detected histopathologically and by the raise of the serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Oxidative stress was evaluated by the hepatic levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) spectrophotometrically. The oncogenic pathway of p53/β-catenin/cyclin D1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The inflammatory markers; interleukin-33 (IL-33), IL-6, and IL-1β were assessed by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. SeNPs prevented the elevation of serum AFP and hepatic IL-33, IL-1β, and IL-6 in comparison to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. SeNPs + TAA exhibited a lower positive hepatic staining of p53, β-catenin, and cyclin D1 in comparison to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. Moreover, SeNPs improved the overall oxidative balance indicated by low hepatic MDA and enhanced GSH and GPx when compared to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. SeNPs alone and in combination with QCT were found to suppress the progression of HCC in rats via the enhancement of the oxidative stress and then inflammatory status and the prevention of the deregulation of the oncogenic axis pathway of p53/β-catenin/cyclin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Randa A Zaghloul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amr M Abdelghany
- Department of Spectroscopy, Physics Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amal M El Gayar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Meng Q, Duan X, Yang Q, Xue D, Liu Z, Li Y, Jin Q, Guo F, Jia S, Wang Z, Yan W, Chang X, Sun P. SLAMF6/Ly108 promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma via facilitating macrophage M2 polarization. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:83. [PMID: 35126725 PMCID: PMC8805185 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are capable of worsening hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis by accelerating tumor growth and progression. Signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family member 6 (SLAMF6; Ly108 in mice) is an immune regulator that is involved in numerous diseases. However, whether SLAMF6 might affect macrophage function in HCC has not yet been reported. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between SLAMF6 expression on macrophages and HCC progression. In the present study, the expression of SLAMF6 in human blood samples and mice was analyzed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, macrophage-related polarization markers were detected via reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Clonogenic formation and Transwell assay were performed to determine the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells. In addition, a murine HCC model was established to detect the function of SLAMF6 in vivo. The results demonstrated that SLAMF6 expression was increased in CD14+ cells obtained from patients with HCC. It was also determined that this increase was associated with a positive hepatitis B virus DNA status and high levels of α-fetoprotein. Polarized TAMs from THP-1 cells, murine peritoneal macrophages and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages all exhibited higher levels of SLAMF6 compared with M1 cells. Furthermore, an increased expression of Ly108 was detected in macrophages obtained from mice tumor tissues, indicating that the tumor microenvironment may promote Ly108 expression and macrophage M2 polarization. Ly108 small interfering RNA was applied to macrophages, which resulted in the suppression of M2 polarization. Ly108-silenced macrophages attenuated HCC cell migration and invasion and prevented tumor growth by inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB pathway. Altogether, the results from the present study suggested that SLAMF6/Ly108 was upregulated in TAMs, which may in turn accelerate the development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- School of Cheeloo Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyun Duan
- School of Cheeloo Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, P.R. China
| | - Qingchao Yang
- School of Cheeloo Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, P.R. China
| | - Dewen Xue
- Department of Intervention Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Zihao Liu
- Department of Intervention Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Head and Neck Radiation Oncology Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Qingyan Jin
- Department of Intervention Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Intervention Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Jia
- Department of Intervention Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Zhaofeng Wang
- Surgical Department, Jinan Jiyang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 251499, P.R. China
| | - Wenjiang Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xu Chang
- Department of Intervention Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Intervention Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
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Zhou Y, Zhang W, Ma J, Zhang Z, Yang M, Luo J, Yan Z. The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Staging, Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:1459-1469. [PMID: 35210820 PMCID: PMC8858014 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s353402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We conducted this large population-based study to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) factors on cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We further assessed the value of a novel TNM-SES staging system, which incorporated these SES factors with TNM stage on staging and prognosis. Methods A total of 13,791 patients diagnosed with HCC from 2012 to 2016 were retrieved from one large population database. Cox proportional hazards regression model and Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) were used to identify the SES factors associated with CSS and analyze the prognostic value of TNM-SES stage. Kaplan–Meier curves and Log rank test were performed to evaluate CSS. Results Four SES factors (marital status, insurance status, education, household income) were identified as the prognostic factors associated with CSS. The SES-2 (lower SES) stage was significantly correlated to unfavorable CSS of the patients with HCC, with a 32.0% increased risk (HR = 1.32, 95% CI (1.26–1.39), P < 0.001), after adjusting for several confounders. The C-index of the TNM-SES stage was 0.735 (95% CI (0.729–0.741)) which was higher than that of the TNM stage (0.718, 95% CI (0.712–0.724)), indicating a high accuracy of prognostic prediction. Conclusion Our comprehensive study revealed that SES was significantly associated with prognosis of patients with HCC after adjusting several confounders. The novel TNM-SES staging system which combined TNM stage and SES stage had more superior predictive value than the traditional TNM stage. Disparity on SES should receive more attention for patients with HCC in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqin Ma
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minjie Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Luo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jianjun Luo; Zhiping Yan, Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityNo. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Zhiping Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Li C, Salmen SH, Awad Alahmadi T, Priya Veeraraghavan V, Krishna Mohan S, Natarajan N, Subramanian S. Anticancer effect of Selenium/Chitosan/Polyethylene glycol/Allyl isothiocyanate nanocomposites against diethylnitrosamine-induced liver cancer in rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:3354-3365. [PMID: 35844425 PMCID: PMC9280227 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nano-based drug delivery systems have shown several advantages in cancer treatment like specific targeting of cancer cells, good pharmacokinetics, and lesser adverse effects. Liver cancer is a fifth most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide. Objective The present study focusses to formulate the selenium (S)/chitosan (C)/polyethylene glycol (Pg)/allyl isothiocyanate (AI) nanocomposites (SCPg-AI-NCs) and assess its therapeutic properties against the diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cancer in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress and tumor markers. Methodology The SCPg-AI-NCs were synthesized by ionic gelation technique and characterized by various characterization techniques. The liver cancer was induced to the rats by injecting a DEN (200 mg/kg) on the 8th day of experiment. Then DEN-induced rats treated with 10 mg/kg of formulated SCPg-AI-NCs an hour before DEN administration for 16 weeks. The 8-hydroxy-2′ -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) content, albumin, globulin, and total protein were examined by standard methods. The level of glutathione (GSH), vitamin-C & -E, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were examined using assay kits. The liver marker enzymes i.e., alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate tansaminase (AST), γ-glutamyl transaminase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Bax, and Bcl-2 levels, and caspase-3&9 activities was examined using assay kits and the liver histopathology was assessed microscopically by hematoxylin and eosin staining method. The effect of formulated SCPg-AI-NCs on the viability and apoptotic cell death on the HepG2 cells were examined using MTT and dual staining assays, respectively. Results The results of different characterization studies demonstrated the formation of SCPg-AI-NCs with tetragonal shape, narrowed distribution, and size ranging from 390 to 450 nm. The formulated SCPg-AI-NCs treated liver cancer rats indicated the reduced levels of 8-OHdG, albumin, globulin, and total protein. The SCPg-AI-NCs treatment appreciably improved the GSH, vitamin-C & -E contents, and SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR activities in the serum of liver cancer rats. The SCPg-AI-NCs treatment remarkably reduced the liver marker enzyme activities in the DEN-induced rats. The SCPg-AI-NCs treatment decreased the AFP and CEA contents and enhanced the Bax and caspase 3&9 activities in the DEN-induced rats. The SCPg-AI-NCs effectively decreased the cell viability and induced apoptosis in the HepG2 cells. Conclusion The present findings suggested that the formulated SCPg-AI-NCs remarkably inhibited the DEN-induced liver carcinogenesis in rats. These findings provide an evidence that SCPg-AI-NCs can be a promising anticancer nano-drug in the future to treat the liver carcinogenesis.
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Abstract
TAM receptors (Tyro3, Axl and MerTK) are a family of tyrosine kinase receptors that are expressed in a variety of cell populations, including liver parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells. These receptors are vital for immune homeostasis, as they regulate the innate immune response by suppressing inflammation via toll-like receptor inhibition and by promoting tissue resolution through efferocytosis. However, there is increasing evidence indicating that aberrant TAM receptor signaling may play a role in pathophysiological processes in the context of liver disease. This review will explore the roles of TAM receptors and their ligands in liver homeostasis as well as a variety of disease settings, including acute liver injury, steatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction and hepatocellular carcinoma. A better understanding of our current knowledge of TAM receptors in liver disease may identify new opportunities for disease monitoring as well as novel therapeutic targets. Nonetheless, this review also aims to highlight areas where further research on TAM receptor biology in liver disease is required.
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