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Aswinanand B, Nayak SPRR, Madesh S, Subbarayudu S, Kaliraj S, Rajagopal R, Alfarhan A, Kathiravan MK, Arockiaraj J. Toxicity and therapeutic property of dioxopiperidin derivative SKT40 demonstrated in-vivo zebrafish model due to inflammatory bowel disease. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 284:109990. [PMID: 39089428 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses chronic disorders that cause severe inflammation in the digestive tract. This study evaluates (E)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl) acrylamide (named SKT40), a derivative of dioxopiperidinamide, as a potential novel treatment for IBD. The pharmacological activity of SKT40 indicated positive interactions using network pharmacology and molecular docking in silico. In vivo, adult and larval zebrafish were tested to evaluate the effectiveness of SKT40 at different concentrations (7.5 μM, 10 μM, 15 μM) in preventing dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced intestinal inflammation. The administration of SKT40 resulted in positive effects by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and cell apoptosis in zebrafish larvae. SKT40 demonstrated a significant reduction in intestinal damage in adult zebrafish by increasing antioxidant enzymes that combat the causes of IBD, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). It also reduces cellular damage and inflammation, as indicated by decreased levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Gene expression analysis identified downregulation in gene expression of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, and IL-6. Histopathological analysis showed tissue repair from DSS-induced damage and indicated reduced hyperplasia of goblet cells. These findings suggest that SKT40 effectively treats intestinal damage, highlighting its potential as a promising candidate for IBD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aswinanand
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S P Ramya Ranjan Nayak
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Madesh
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suthi Subbarayudu
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kaliraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajakrishnan Rajagopal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muthu Kumaradoss Kathiravan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM School of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Hao X, Guo W, Li F, Cui L, Kang W. Analysis of the liver-gut axis including metabolomics and intestinal flora to determine the protective effects of kiwifruit seed oil on CCl 4-induced acute liver injury. Food Funct 2024; 15:9149-9164. [PMID: 39157920 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02106a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective effects of kiwifruit seed oil (KSO) were evaluated on acute liver injury (ALI) induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in vivo. Network pharmacology was used to predict active compounds and targets. Metabolomics and gut microbiota analyses were used to discover the activity mechanism of KSO. KSO improved the liver histological structure, significantly reduced serum proinflammatory cytokine levels, and increased liver antioxidant capacity. The metabolomics analysis showed that KSO may have hepatoprotective effects by controlling metabolites through its participation in signaling pathways like tryptophan metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, galactose metabolism, and bile secretion. The gut microbiota analysis demonstrated that KSO improved the composition and quantity of the gut flora. Network pharmacological investigations demonstrated that KSO operated by altering Ptgs2, Nos2, Ppara, Pparg and Serpine1 mRNA levels. All evidence shows that KSO has a hepatoprotective effect, and the mechanism is connected to the regulation of metabolic disorders and intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuting Hao
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Henan, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Henan, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Henan, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lili Cui
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Henan, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Henan, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Yang S, Wei Z, Luo J, Wang X, Chen G, Guan X, She Z, Liu W, Tong Y, Liu H, Wen M, Chen H, Zhu P, Li G, Wang D, Huang L, Xu S, Chen D, Zhang Q, Wei Y. Integrated bioinformatics and multiomics reveal Liupao tea extract alleviating NAFLD via regulating hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155834. [PMID: 38941818 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) poses a significant global public health concern. Liupao tea (LPT) is a Chinese national geographical indication product renowned for its lipid-lowering properties. However, the precise mechanisms and active constituents contributing to the efficacy of LPT against NAFLD remain unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to comprehensively explore the therapeutic potential of Liupao tea extract (LPTE) in alleviating NAFLD through an integrated strategy. METHODS Initially, network pharmacology analysis was conducted based on LPTE chemical ingredient analysis, identifying core targets and key components. Potential active ingredients were validated through chemical standards based on LC-MS/MS. To confirm the pharmacological efficacy of LPTE in NAFLD, NAFLD mice models were employed. Alterations in hepatic lipid metabolism were comprehensively elucidated through integration of metabolomics, lipidomics, network pharmacology analysis, and real-time PCR analysis. To further explore the binding interactions between key components and core targets, molecular docking and microscale thermophoresis (MST) analysis were employed. Furthermore, to investigate LPTE administration effectiveness on gut microbiota in NAFLD mice, a comprehensive approach was employed. This included Metorigin analysis, 16S rRNA sequencing, molecular docking, and fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT). RESULTS Study identified naringenin, quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol as the potential active ingredients of LPTE. These compounds exhibited therapeutic potential for NAFLD by targeting key proteins such as PTGS2, CYP3A4, and ACHE, which are involved in the metabolic pathways of hepatic linoleic acid (LA) and glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolism. The therapeutic effectiveness of LPTE was observed to be comparable to that of simvastatin. Furthermore, LPTE exhibited notable efficacy in alleviating NAFLD by influencing alterations in gut microbiota composition (Proteobacteria phylum, Lactobacillus and Dubosiella genus) that perhaps impact LA and GP metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION LPTE could be effective in preventing high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. This study firstly integrated bioinformatics and multi-omics technologies to identify the potential active components and key microbiota associated with LPTE's effects, while also primally elucidating the action mechanisms of LPTE in alleviating NAFLD. The findings offer a conceptual basis for LPTE's potential transformation into an innovative pharmaceutical agent for NAFLD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyi Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Zhijuan Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Jichu Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Xuancheng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, PR China
| | - Xuan Guan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Zhiyong She
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Ying Tong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Mingsen Wen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Pingchuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Gui Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, PR China
| | - Dongling Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, PR China
| | - Lin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Danying Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Qisong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China; Center for Instrumental Analysis, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Ye Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, PR China.
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Yadav P, Singh SK, Datta S, Verma S, Verma A, Rakshit A, Bali A, Bhatti JS, Khurana A, Navik U. Therapeutic potential and pharmacological mechanism of visnagin. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 22:399-412. [PMID: 38797603 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Visnagin is a furanochromone and one of the most important compound in the Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam (a synonym of Visnaga daucoides Gaertn.) plant, which is used to cure various ailments. Many investigations into the bioactive properties of visnagin have been studied to date. The literature on visnagin demonstrates its biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and beneficial effects in cardiovascular and renal diseases. Moreover, visnagin improves sperm quality parameters, stimulates steroidogenesis, and increases serum gonadotropins and testosterone levels, while decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative damage, genomic instability, and it modulates apoptosis. Thus, visnagin has emerged as an exciting lead for further research, owing to its potential in various unmet clinical needs. The current review summarized its basic structure, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological effects, focusing on its mechanisms of action. The review will help to understand the potential of visnagin as an alternative treatment strategy for several diseases and provide insight into research topics that need further exploration for visnagin's safe clinical use. Please cite this article as: Yadav P, Singh SK, Datta S, Verma S, Verma A, Rakshit A, Bali A, Bhatti JS, Khurana A, Navik U. Therapeutic potential and pharmacological mechanism of visnagin. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(4): 399-412.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Sumeet Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Sayantap Datta
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5000, USA
| | - Saloni Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Aarti Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Arnab Rakshit
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Anjana Bali
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India.
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India.
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Hu Y, Li W, Cheng X, Yang H, She ZG, Cai J, Li H, Zhang XJ. Emerging Roles and Therapeutic Applications of Arachidonic Acid Pathways in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Circ Res 2024; 135:222-260. [PMID: 38900855 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease has become a major health burden worldwide, with sharply increasing prevalence but highly limited therapeutic interventions. Emerging evidence has revealed that arachidonic acid derivatives and pathway factors link metabolic disorders to cardiovascular risks and intimately participate in the progression and severity of cardiometabolic diseases. In this review, we systemically summarized and updated the biological functions of arachidonic acid pathways in cardiometabolic diseases, mainly focusing on heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and diabetes. We further discussed the cellular and molecular mechanisms of arachidonic acid pathway-mediated regulation of cardiometabolic diseases and highlighted the emerging clinical advances to improve these pathological conditions by targeting arachidonic acid metabolites and pathway factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
| | - Xu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Hailong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
| | - Jingjing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.C.)
| | - Hongliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China (H.L.)
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, China (X.-J.Z.)
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Zheng W, Guo Y, Kahar A, Bai J, Zhu Q, Huang X, Li Y, Xu B, Jia X, Wu G, Zhang C, Zhu Y. RUNX1-induced upregulation of PTGS2 enhances cell growth, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11670. [PMID: 38778047 PMCID: PMC11111780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises via the progressive accumulation of dysregulation in key genes including oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2, also called COX2) acts as an oncogenic driver in CRC. Here, we explored the upstream transcription factors (TFs) responsible for elevating PTGS2 expression in CRC cells. The results showed that PTGS2 silencing repressed cell growth, migration and invasion in HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells. The two fragments (499-981 bp) and (1053-1434 bp) were confirmed as the core TF binding profiles of the PTGS2 promoter. PTGS2 expression positively correlated with RUNX1 level in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) samples using the TCGA-COAD dataset. Furthermore, RUNX1 acted as a positive regulator of PTGS2 expression by promoting transcriptional activation of the PTGS2 promoter via the 1086-1096 bp binding motif. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that PTGS2 upregulation induced by the TF RUNX1 promotes CRC cell growth, migration and invasion, providing an increased rationale for the use of PTGS2 inhibitors in CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
- Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Red Star Hospital of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Hami, 839000, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, China
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Yingchang Guo
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Aihemaiti Kahar
- Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Red Star Hospital of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Hami, 839000, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, China
| | - Junwei Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Qinhui Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shangcai People's Hospital, Zhumadian, 463800, Henan, China
| | - Xinli Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Suiping People's Hospital, Zhumadian, 463100, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Bingyi Xu
- Weihui People's Hospital, Weihui, 453100, Henan, China
| | - Xueshan Jia
- Development Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Yuanzeng Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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Kasula V, Padala V, Gupta N, Doyle D, Bagheri K, Anastasio A, Adams SB. The Use of Extracellular Vesicles in Achilles Tendon Repair: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:942. [PMID: 38790904 PMCID: PMC11117955 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Achilles tendon (AT) pathologies are common musculoskeletal conditions that can significantly impair function. Despite various traditional treatments, recovery is often slow and may not restore full functionality. The use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option due to their role in cell signaling and tissue regeneration. This systematic review aims to consolidate current in vivo animal study findings on the therapeutic effects of EVs on AT injuries. An extensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases for in vivo animal studies examining the effects of EVs on AT pathologies. The extracted variables included but were not limited to the study design, type of EVs used, administration methods, efficacy of treatment, and proposed therapeutic mechanisms. After screening, 18 studies comprising 800 subjects were included. All but one study reported that EVs augmented wound healing processes in the AT. The most proposed mechanisms through which this occurred were gene regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the enhancement of macrophage polarization, and the delivery of therapeutic microRNAs to the injury site. Further research is warranted to not only explore the therapeutic potential of EVs in the context of AT pathologies, but also to establish protocols for their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kasula
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC 27546, USA
| | - Vikram Padala
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Nithin Gupta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC 27546, USA
| | - David Doyle
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, MI 48602, USA
| | - Kian Bagheri
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC 27546, USA
| | - Albert Anastasio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Samuel Bruce Adams
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Ma R, Xie N, Shu Y, Wu Y, He P, Xiang Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y. Cannabidiol alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice by regulating NF-κB and PPAR-α pathways. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2024; 249:10141. [PMID: 38711461 PMCID: PMC11070938 DOI: 10.3389/ebm.2024.10141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis has become a serious public health problem that can develop into liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and even lead to death. Cannabidiol (CBD), which is an abundant nonpsychoactive component in the cannabis plant, exerts cytoprotective effects in many diseases and under pathological conditions. In our previous studies, CBD significantly attenuated liver injury induced by chronic and binge alcohol in a mouse model and oxidative bursts in human neutrophils. However, the effects of CBD on liver fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms still need to be further explored. A mouse liver fibrosis model was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 10 weeks and used to explore the protective properties of CBD and related molecular mechanisms. After the injection protocol, serum samples and livers were used for molecular biology, biochemical and pathological analyses. The results showed that CBD could effectively improve liver function and reduce liver damage and liver fibrosis progression in mice; the expression levels of transaminase and fibrotic markers were reduced, and histopathological characteristics were improved. Moreover, CBD inhibited the levels of inflammatory cytokines and reduced the protein expression levels of p-NF-κB, NF-κB, p-IκBα, p-p38 MAPK, and COX-2 but increased the expression level of PPAR-α. We found that CBD-mediated protection involves inhibiting NF-κB and activating PPAR-α. In conclusion, these results suggest that the hepatoprotective effects of CBD may be due to suppressing the inflammatory response in CCl4-induced mice and that the NF-κB and PPAR-α signaling pathways might be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Ma
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Xie
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuanhui Shu
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yafeng Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Ya’an City, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping He
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yining Xiang
- Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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9
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Mazi TA, Shibata NM, Sarode GV, Medici V. Hepatic oxylipin profiles in mouse models of Wilson disease: New insights into early hepatic manifestations. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159446. [PMID: 38072238 PMCID: PMC11224028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic inflammation is commonly identified in Wilson disease (WD), a genetic disease of hepatic and brain copper accumulation. Copper accumulation is associated with increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species generation which may result in non-enzymatic oxidation of membrane-bound polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). PUFA can be oxidized enzymatically via lipoxygenases (LOX), cyclooxygenases (COX), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP). Products of PUFA oxidation are collectively known as oxylipins (OXL) and are bioactive lipids that modulate hepatic inflammation. We examined hepatic OXL profiles at early stages of WD in two mouse models, the toxic milk mouse from The Jackson Laboratory (tx-j) and the Atp7b knockout on a C57Bl/6 background (Atp7b-/-B6). Targeted lipidomic analysis performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry showed that in both tx-j and Atp7b-/-B6 mice, hepatic OXL profiles were altered with higher thromboxane and prostaglandins levels. The levels of oxidative stress marker, 9-HETE were increased more markedly in tx-j mice. However, both genotypes showed upregulated transcript levels of many genes related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Both genotypes showed higher prostaglandins, thromboxin along with higher PUFA-derived alcohols, diols, and ketones with altered epoxides; the expression of Alox5 was upregulated and many CYP-related genes were dysregulated. Pathway analyses show dysregulation in arachidonic acid and linoleic acid metabolism characterizes mice with WD. Our findings indicate alterations in hepatic PUFA metabolism in early-stage WD and suggest the upregulation of both, non-enzymatic ROS-dependent and enzymatic PUFA oxidation, which could have implications for hepatic manifestations in WD and represent potential targets for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagreed A Mazi
- Department of Community Health Sciences-Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Noreene M Shibata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Gaurav V Sarode
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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10
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Wan S, Xie X, Yang G, Feng F. Discovery of the toxicity-related quality markers and mechanisms of Zhi-Zi-Hou-Po decoction based on Chinmedomics combined with differentially absorbed components and network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117408. [PMID: 37972910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zhi-Zi-Hou-Po decoction (ZZHPD), as a representative traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for the treatment of depression, has frequently triggered hepatorenal toxicity in recent years. However, its toxic effect, material basis, and underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the hepatorenal toxicity-material basis-quality markers (Q-markers) and multiple mechanisms of ZZHPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS ZZHPD-induced rat model of toxicity was evaluated by behavioral indicators, biochemical parameters, and histopathological sections. Then, UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS combined with multivariate data analysis was utilized to identify the endogenous differential metabolites and the prototype components of ZZHPD in the plasma. A comprehensive strategy integrating in-house library, diagnostic ions, Compound Discover software, and network databases was constructed to identify the chemical constituents of ZZHPD. Additionally, the differentially absorbed components of ZZHPD were screened out based on the spectrum-effect relationship (toxic state and normal state), feature extraction of exogenous components, and variable influence on projection (VIP). Further, Chinmedomics and network pharmacology oriented by differentially absorbed components were performed to predict toxicity-related Q-markers and core targets, as well as relevant pathways. Finally, the binding ability between components and targets was predicted using molecular docking, and the mRNA expression of core target genes was determined by real-time qPCR experiment. RESULTS ZZHPD exerted significant hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats accompanied by body weight loss, abnormal biochemical indicators, and pathologic characteristics with mild inflammation and cell damage. The results of plasma metabolomics indicated that 22 differential metabolites interfered by ZZHPD mainly involved in primary bile acid biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, pyrimidine and purine metabolism. Firstly, 106 chemical substances of ZZHPD were identified, 44 of them were absorbed into the blood, mainly including 7 iridoid glycosides, 15 flavonoids, 5 lignans, and others. Then, the correlation analysis results suggested that 12 of 19 differentially absorbed constituents were highly correlated with 22 differential metabolites and recognized as potential Q-markers. Finally, 9 toxicity-related Q-markers were predicted and confirmed with better binding ability to 5 core targets (PTGS2, CASP3, TNF, PPARG, HMOX1), including 3 flavonoids (naringin, hesperidin, and neohesperidin), 2 iridoid glycosides (geniposide and genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside), 2 lignans (honokiol and magnolol), organic acid (chlorogenic acid), and crocin (crocetin). The real-time qPCR results showed that the mRNA levels of CASP3, TNF-α, and PPARG significantly increased in the damaged liver. Combining metabolomics and network pharmacology results, the multiple mechanisms of toxicity might involve in oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis pathways. CONCLUSION Taken together, the toxicity-related Q-markers of ZZHPD screened for the first time in this work were reliable, and the holistic intervention for hepatorenal toxicity further revealed the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway features in TCM. The integrated approach provides a novel perspective for the discovery of toxicity/efficacy-related substances and mechanistic studies in TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Wan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Gongjun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Fang Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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11
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Florea CM, Rosu R, Moldovan R, Vlase L, Toma V, Decea N, Baldea I, Filip GA. The impact of chronic Trimethylamine N-oxide administration on liver oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114429. [PMID: 38176578 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
TMAO, a gut microbiota derived byproduct, has been associated with various cardiometabolic diseases by promoting oxidative stress and inflammation. The liver is the main organ for TMAO production and chronic exposure to high doses of TMAO could alter its function. In this study, we evaluated the effect of chronic exposure of high TMAO doses on liver oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. TMAO was administered daily via gastric gavage to laboratory rats for 3 months. Blood was drawn for the quantification of TMAO, and liver tissues were harvested for the assessment of oxidative stress (MDA, GSH, GSSG, GPx, CAT, and 8-oxo-dG) and inflammation by quantification of IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β, NOS and COX-2 expression. The evaluation of fibrosis was made by Western blot analysis of α-SMA and Collagen-3 protein expression. Histological investigation and immunohistochemical staining of iNOS were performed in order to assess the liver damage. After 3 months of TMAO exposure, TMAO serum levels enhanced in parallel with increases in MDA and GSSG levels in liver tissue and lower values of GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio as well as a decrease in GPx and CAT activities. Inflammation was also highlighted, with enhanced iNOS, COX-2, and IL-10 expression, without structural changes and without induction of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Marius Florea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Rosu
- Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Experimental Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Research, branch of NIRDBS, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Center for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources "3B", Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Nicoleta Decea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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12
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Perramón M, Navalón-López M, Fernández-Varo G, Moreno-Lanceta A, García-Pérez R, Faneca J, López-Moya M, Fornaguera C, García-Villoria J, Morales-Ruiz M, Melgar-Lesmes P, Borrós S, Jiménez W. Liver-targeted nanoparticles delivering nitric oxide reduce portal hypertension in cirrhotic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116143. [PMID: 38219387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small vasodilator playing a key role in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension. Here, we assessed the potential therapeutic effect of a NO donor targeted to the liver by poly(beta-amino ester) nanoparticles (pBAE NPs) in experimental cirrhosis. Retinol-functionalized NO donor pBAE NPs (Ret pBAE NPs) were synthetized with the aim of actively targeting the liver. Administration of Ret pBAE NPs resulted in uptake and transfection by the liver and spleen. NPs were not found in other organs or the systemic circulation. Treatment with NO donor Ret pBAE NPs (30 mg/ kg body weight) significantly decreased aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and portal pressure (9.75 ± 0.64 mmHg) compared to control NPs (13.4 ± 0.53 mmHg) in cirrhotic rats. There were no effects on mean arterial pressure and cardiac output. Liver-targeted NO donor NPs reduced collagen fibers and steatosis, activation of hepatic stellate cells and mRNA expression of profibrogenic and proinflammatory genes. Finally, Ret pBAE NPs displayed efficient transfection in human liver slices. Overall, liver-specific NO donor NPs effectively target the liver and mitigated inflammation and portal hypertension in cirrhotic rats. The use of Ret pBAE may prove to be an effective therapeutic strategy to treat advanced liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Perramón
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Navalón-López
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Varo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alazne Moreno-Lanceta
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío García-Pérez
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery & Transplantation, General & Digestive Surgery Service, Digestive & Metabolic Disease Institute (ICMDM) of Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Faneca
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario López-Moya
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Fornaguera
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith García-Villoria
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales-Ruiz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Melgar-Lesmes
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wladimiro Jiménez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Wang P, Chen B, Huang Y, Li J, Cao D, Chen Z, Li J, Ran B, Yang J, Wang R, Wei Q, Dong Q, Liu L. The relationship between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cancer incidence: An umbrella review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23203. [PMID: 38312641 PMCID: PMC10834481 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Several clinical and preclinical studies have shown that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly aspirin, reduce the incidence of various cancer types. However, there is still a lack of literature evaluating the overall association between multiple cancer morbidities and NSAIDs. Thus, we conducted an umbrella review to evaluate the quality of evidence, validity, and biases of the existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the relationships between NSAIDS and multiple tumor incidence outcomes. We found that NSAIDs might be associated with a decreased risk of several cancers, including the central nervous system, breast, esophageal, gastric, head and neck, hepatocellular, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal, endometrial, lung, ovary, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, but regular intake of any dose of non-aspirin NSAIDs (NA-NSAIDs) could increase the incidence of kidney cancer. However, most of included studies are evaluated as low quality according to our evidence assessment. Furthermore, due to the potential side effects, such as hemorrhage, digestive symptoms and peptic ulcer, it is still not recommend to use NSAIDs regularly to prevent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puze Wang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Biao Ran
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Yang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Zhang F, Zhu G, Li Y, Qi Y, Wang Z, Li W. Dual-target inhibitors based on COX-2: a review from medicinal chemistry perspectives. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:2209-2233. [PMID: 38095081 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of COX-2 constitute a class of anti-inflammatory analgesics, showing potential against certain types of cancer. However, such inhibitors are associated with cardiovascular toxicity. Moreover, although single-target molecules possess specificity for particular targets, they often lead to poor safety, low efficacy and drug resistance due to compensatory mechanisms. A new generation of dual-target drugs that simultaneously inhibit COX-2 and another target is showing strong potential to treat cancer or reduce adverse cardiac effects. The present perspective focuses on the structure and functions of COX-2, and its role as a therapeutic target. It also explores the current state and future possibilities for dual-target strategies from a medicinal chemistry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yangqian Li
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yawen Qi
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhoufeng Wang
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
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15
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Heo YJ, Lee N, Choi SE, Jeon JY, Han SJ, Kim DJ, Kang Y, Lee KW, Kim HJ. Amphiregulin Induces iNOS and COX-2 Expression through NF- κB and MAPK Signaling in Hepatic Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:2364121. [PMID: 37868614 PMCID: PMC10586434 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2364121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is a major cause of hepatic tissue damage and accelerates the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Amphiregulin (AREG), an epidermal growth factor receptor ligand, is associated with human liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to investigate the effects of AREG on hepatic inflammation during NAFLD progression, in vivo and in vitro. Methods AREG gene expression was measured in the liver of mice fed a methionine choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 2 weeks. We evaluated inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways in HepG2 cells after stimulation with AREG. Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. Nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, were analyzed using western blotting. Results Proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-8) and immune cell recruitment (as indicated by L3T4, F4/80, and ly6G mRNA expression) increased, and expression of AREG increased in the liver of mice fed the MCD diet. AREG significantly increased the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β and the production of NO, PGE2, and IL-8 in HepG2 cells. It also activated the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2. AREG-activated NF-κB and MAPKs signaling, and together with NF-κB and MAPKs inhibitors, AREG significantly reduced the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2. Conclusion AREG plays a role in hepatic inflammation by increasing iNOS and COX-2 expression via NF-κB and MAPKs signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jung Heo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nami Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-E. Choi
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Young Jeon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Jung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yup Kang
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Woo Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jin Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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16
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Lan T, Tai Y, Zhao C, Xiao Y, Yang Z, Zhang L, Gan C, Dai W, Tong H, Tang C, Huang Z, Gao J. Atypical cholangiocytes derived from hepatocyte-cholangiocyte transdifferentiation mediated by COX-2: a kind of misguided liver regeneration. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:37. [PMID: 37452426 PMCID: PMC10347763 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocyte-cholangiocyte transdifferentiation (HCT) is a potential origin of proliferating cholangiocytes in liver regeneration after chronic injury. This study aimed to determine HCT after chronic liver injury, verify the impacts of HCT on liver repair, and avoid harmful regeneration by understanding the mechanism. METHODS A thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury model was established in wild-type (WT-TAA group) and COX-2 panknockout (KO-TAA group) mice. HCT was identified by costaining of hepatocyte and cholangiocyte markers in vivo and in isolated mouse hepatocytes in vitro. The biliary tract was injected with ink and visualized by whole liver optical clearing. Serum and liver bile acid (BA) concentrations were measured. Either a COX-2 selective inhibitor or a β-catenin pathway inhibitor was administered in vitro. RESULTS Intrahepatic ductular reaction was associated with COX-2 upregulation in chronic liver injury. Immunofluorescence and RNA sequencing indicated that atypical cholangiocytes were characterized by an intermediate genetic phenotype between hepatocytes and cholangiocytes and might be derived from hepatocytes. The structure of the biliary system was impaired, and BA metabolism was dysregulated by HCT, which was mediated by the TGF-β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Genetic deletion or pharmaceutical inhibition of COX-2 significantly reduced HCT in vivo. The COX-2 selective inhibitor etoricoxib suppressed HCT through the TGF-β-TGFBR1-β-catenin pathway in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Atypical cholangiocytes can be derived from HCT, which forms a secondary strike by maldevelopment of the bile drainage system and BA homeostasis disequilibrium during chronic liver injury. Inhibition of COX-2 could ameliorate HCT through the COX-2-TGF-β-TGFBR1-β-catenin pathway and improve liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Tai
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Linhao Zhang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Can Gan
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenting Dai
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huan Tong
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chengwei Tang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiyin Huang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jinhang Gao
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Wei JD, Xu X. Oxidative stress in Wernicke's encephalopathy. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1150878. [PMID: 37261263 PMCID: PMC10229051 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1150878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a severe life-threatening disease that occurs due to vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency (TD). It is characterized by acute mental disorder, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. TD occurs because of the following reasons: insufficient intake, increased demand, and long-term drinking due to corresponding organ damage or failure. Recent studies showed that oxidative stress (OS) can damage organs and cause TD in the brain, which further leads to neurodegenerative diseases, such as WE. In this review, we discuss the effects of TD caused by OS on multiple organ systems, including the liver, intestines, and brain in WE. We believe that strengthening the human antioxidant system and reducing TD can effectively treat WE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dong Wei
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
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18
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Jiang X, Sun J, Guo S, Zhao Z, Chen Y, Cao J, Liu Y, Cheng G, Tian L, Li Y. Elsholtzia bodinieri Vaniot ameliorated acute lung injury in mice by regulating pyroptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and macrophage polarization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116232. [PMID: 36764561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Elsholtzia bodinieri Vaniot, perennial herbs, a traditional Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine. Its whole herb can be used as commonly used herbs to cure fever, headache, inflammation, indigestion etc., and its tender tip can also be used as tea in Yunnan of China. However, the protective mechanism of Elsholtzia bodinieri Vaniot on acute lung injury (ALI) still needs to be explored. AIM OF STUDY ALI is characterized by acute respiratory inflammation, which remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality. The current study with the aim of determining the therapeutic the efficacy of E. bodinieri Vaniot on lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI, moreover uncovered the underlying gene-regulated framework, so E. bodinieri Vaniot might serve as functional food for adjuvant therapy or therapeutic agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS These potential pharmacological targets of E. bodinieri Vaniot against ALI were analyzed by multiple bioinformatics databases. E. bodinieri Vaniot methanol extract (EBE) was obtained by ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, and detected by UHPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS. These pyroptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress associated factors were measured using ELISA assay, western blotting, and histopathological examination to assess the effects of EBE. EcoTyper and immunofluorescence staining were employed to estimate macrophage polarization states in ALI lungs tissue. RESULTS In ALI lung tissues, EBE treatment could increase B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) to inhibit pyroptosis, downregulate prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) to attenuate inflammation, upregulating NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1) to alleviate oxidative stress and induce macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype. CONCLUSION E. bodinieri Vaniot ameliorated ALI thought regulating pyroptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and macrophage polarization, as well as could be a promising source for therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Jiang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shancheng Guo
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhiye Zhao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yuxu Chen
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Ye Li
- School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Hao M, Yao Z, Zhao M, Chen Z, Wang P, Sang X, Yang Q, Wang K, Han X, Cao G. Active ingredients screening and pharmacological mechanism research of curcumae rhizoma-sparganii rhizoma herb pair ameliorates liver fibrosis based on network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116111. [PMID: 36592822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma (CR-SR) is a classic herbal pair to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis in ancient China. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF STUDY To screen out the anti-liver fibrosis active ingredients in CR-SR. Moreover, preliminary exploration the molecular mechanism of CR-SR to ameliorates liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research, plant taxonomy has been confirmed in the "The Plant List" database (www.theplantlist.org). The chemical components of CR-SR were analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS). "Component-Target-Pathway-Disease" network of CR-SR components were built by network pharmacology. Then, the interaction between primary components and predicted protein targets based on network pharmacology were validated by molecular docking. The pharmacological actions of CR-SR were verified by blood biochemical indexes, histopathologic examination of CCL4 induced rats' model. The core protein targets were verified by Western blot. The effects of screened active components by molecular autodocking were verified by HSC-T6 cell experiment. RESULTS The result shows that 57 chemical constituents in CR-SR herbal pair were identified by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, in which, 27 compounds were closely connected with liver fibrosis related protein targets. 55 protein targets screened out by "component-target-pathway-disease network" maybe the underlying targets for CR-SR to cure liver fibrosis. Moreover, the 55 protein targets are mainly related to RNA transcription, apoptosis, and signal transduction. The molecular autodocking predicted that ten components can bond well with PTGS2 and RELA protein targets. The blood biochemical indexes, histopathologic examination of CCL4 induced rats experiment showed that CR-SR has well intervention effect of liver fibrosis. The Western blot analysis indicated that CR-SR could significantly inhibit RELA, PTGS2, IL-6, SRC, and AKT1 protein expression to exert the anti-fibrosis effect. The HSC-T6 cell experiment indicated that both formononetin (FNT) and curdione could significantly inhibit the activation of HSC and reduce the expression of PTGS2, and p-AKT1 which was accordance with the molecular autodocking results. CONCLUSION This study proved the molecular mechanism of CR-SR multi-component and multi-target anti-liver fibrosis effect through mass spectrometry, network pharmacology, and western blotting technology. The research provides a theoretical evidence for the development and utilization of CR-SR herbal pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Zhouhui Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Mengting Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Ziyan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Pingping Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
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20
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Ghobrial DK, El-Nikhely N, Sheta E, Ragab HM, Rostom SAF, Saeed H, Wahid A. The Role of Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-Based Kinase Inhibitors in The Attenuation of CCl4-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030637. [PMID: 36978885 PMCID: PMC10045301 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver Fibrosis can be life-threatening if left untreated as it may lead to serious, incurable complications. The common therapeutic approach is to reverse the fibrosis while the intervention is still applicable. Celecoxib was shown to exhibit some antifibrotic properties in the induced fibrotic liver in rats. The present study aimed to investigate the possible antifibrotic properties in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in male Sprague–Dawley rats compared to celecoxib of three novel methoxylated pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines. The three newly synthesized compounds were proved to be safe candidates. They showed a therapeutic effect against severe CCl4-induced fibrosis but at different degrees. The three compounds were able to partially reverse hepatic architectural distortion and reduce the fibrotic severity by showing antioxidant properties reducing MDA with increasing GSH and SOD levels, remodeling the extracellular matrix proteins and liver enzymes balance, and reducing the level of proinflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) and profibrogenic (TGF-β) cytokines. The results revealed that the dimethoxy-analog exhibited the greatest activity in all the previously mentioned parameters compared to celecoxib and the other two analogs which could be attributed to the different methoxylation patterns of the derivatives. Collectively, the dimethoxy-derivative could be considered a safe promising antifibrotic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana K. Ghobrial
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
- Correspondence: (D.K.G.); (A.W.)
| | - Nefertiti El-Nikhely
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Eman Sheta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Sherif A. F. Rostom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hesham Saeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
- Correspondence: (D.K.G.); (A.W.)
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Biochanin A in murine Schistosoma mansoni infection: effects on inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e16. [PMID: 36740983 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x22000839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biochanin A (BCA) is a multifunctional natural compound that possesses anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and hepatoprotective effects. The aim of the study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of BCA on Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. Fifty mice were divided into six different groups as non-infected, non-infected BCA-treated, infected untreated, early infected BCA-treated (seven days post-infection (dpi)), late infected BCA-treated 60 dpi and infected praziquantel (PZQ)-treated groups. Parasitological, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) were investigated in liver sections. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene expression of S. mansoni was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). A single dose of BCA significantly reduced worm burden in early (82.14%) and late infection (77.74%), mean tissue egg load in early (7.27 ± 0.495) and late BCA administration (7.63 ± 0.435) and decreased granuloma size. CYP450 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in early BCA treatment as compared to late treatment which emphasizes that early administration of BCA had more pronounced effects on worms than late administration. Both early and late BCA administration led to significant reduction in inflammatory cytokines as TGF and iNOS. Although the reduction of TGF and iNOS in BCA-treated mice was superior to PZQ, no statistically significant differences were noted. However, a significant downregulation of COX2 was noted in hepatocytes as compared to both infected control and PZQ-treated mice. BCA has schistosomicidal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-fibrotic effects and could be regarded as a potential drug in schistosomiasis treatment.
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Ricci A, Gallorini M, Feghali N, Sampò S, Cataldi A, Zara S. Snail Slime Extracted by a Cruelty Free Method Preserves Viability and Controls Inflammation Occurrence: A Focus on Fibroblasts. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031222. [PMID: 36770889 PMCID: PMC9920497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Snail slime (SS) is a viscous secretion obtained from different snail species. SS composition is variable according to factors such as the extraction method. Even if several papers have been published regarding this topic, the molecular mechanisms at the base of SS biological effects remain unexplored. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the capability of SS, extracted with the cruelty-free Muller method, to promote viability and angiogenesis processes and, in parallel, to counteract inflammation occurrence on skin cell populations. SS was administered to keratinocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts, then cell viability, through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, cytotoxicity by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, morphology by haematoxylin-eosin staining, gene and protein expression through real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot, cell cycle phases by flow cytometry, and collagen secretion using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, were measured. Our results evidence SS capability to promote fibroblast viability and to trigger recovery mechanisms by activating the Erk protein. Moreover, an appreciable anti-inflammatory effect due to the significant reduction in cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and a positive modulation of new blood vessel formation demonstrated by increased Angiopoietin 1 gene expression and a higher matrix deposition (evidenced by the augmented amount of released collagen I) can be identified. This evidence led us to assume that the Muller method extracted-SS represents a valuable and promising natural product suitable for cosmetic and skin care formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ricci
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Nadine Feghali
- International Institution of Heliciculture of Cherasco-Lumacheria Italiana s.r.l., 12062 Cherasco, Italy
| | - Simone Sampò
- International Institution of Heliciculture of Cherasco-Lumacheria Italiana s.r.l., 12062 Cherasco, Italy
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Susi Zara
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-3554507
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Ilg MM, Lapthorn AR, Ralph DJ, Cellek S. Phenotypic screening of 1,953 FDA-approved drugs reveals 26 hits with potential for repurposing for Peyronie's disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277646. [PMID: 36508413 PMCID: PMC9744312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing has been shown to bring safe medications to new patient populations, as recently evidenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated whether we could use phenotypic screening to repurpose drugs for the treatment of Peyronie's disease (PD). PD is a fibrotic disease characterised by continued myofibroblast presence and activity leading to formation of a plaque in the penile tunica albuginea (TA) that can cause pain during erection, erectile dysfunction, and penile deformity. PD affects 3-9% of men with treatment options limited to surgery or injection of collagenase which can only be utilised at late stages after the plaque is formed. Currently there are no approved medications that can be offered to patients presenting with early disease before the formation of the plaque. Drug repurposing may therefore be the ideal strategy to identify medical treatments to address this unmet medical need in early PD. We used primary human fibroblasts from PD patients in a phenotypic screening assay that measures TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast transformation which is the main cellular phenotype that drives the pathology in early PD. A library of FDA-approved 1,953 drugs was screened in duplicate wells at a single concentration (10 μM) in presence of TGF-β1. The myofibroblast marker α-SMA was quantified after 72h incubation. A positive control of SB-505124 (TGF-β1 receptor antagonist) was included on each plate. Hits were defined as showing >80% inhibition, whilst retaining >80% cell viability. 26 hits (1.3%) were identified which were divided into the following main groups: anti-cancer drugs, anti-inflammation, neurology, endocrinology, and imaging agents. Five of the top-ten drugs that increase myofibroblast-transformation appear to act on VEGFR. This is the first phenotypic screening of FDA-approved drugs for PD and our results suggest that it is a viable method to predict drugs with potential for repurposing to treat early PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M. Ilg
- Medical Technology Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - Alice R. Lapthorn
- Medical Technology Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Ralph
- Medical Technology Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
- Department of Urology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Selim Cellek
- Medical Technology Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Shaker AM, Shahin MI, AboulMagd AM, Abdel Aleem SA, Abdel-Rahman HM, Abou El Ella DA. Novel 1,3-diaryl pyrazole derivatives bearing methylsulfonyl moiety: Design, synthesis, molecular docking and dynamics, with dual activities as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents through selectively targeting COX-2. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Mechanisms of Xiaochaihu Decoction on Treating Hepatic Fibrosis Explored by Network Pharmacology. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8925637. [PMID: 36246566 PMCID: PMC9553551 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8925637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To explore the material basis and pharmacological mechanism of Xiaochaihu Decoction (XCHD), the classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula in inhibiting hepatic fibrosis (HF). Methods. The main components in XCHD were screened from the TCMSP database, ETCM database, and literature, and their potential targets were detected and predicted using the Swiss Target Prediction platform. The HF-related targets were retrieved and screened through GeneCard database and OMIM database, combined with GEO gene chips. The XCHD targets and HF targets were mapped to search common targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was acquired via the STRING11.0 database and analyzed visually using Cytoscape 3.8.0 software. The potential mechanisms of the common targets identified through GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were analyzed by using Metascape database. The results were visualized through OmicShare Tools. The “XCHD compound-HF target” network was visually constructed by Cytoscape 3.8.0 software. AutoDockVina1.1.2 and PyMoL software were used to verify the molecular docking of XCHD main active compounds and HF key targets. Results. A total of 164 potential active compounds from XCHD were screened to act on 95 HF-related targets. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that quercetin, β-sitosterol, and kaempferol may be candidate agents, which acted on multiple targets like PTGS2, HSP90AA1, and PTGS1 and regulate multiple key biological pathways like IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to relieve HF. Moreover, molecular docking suggested that quercetin and PTGS2 could statically bind and interact with each other through amino acid residues val-349, LEU-352, PHE-381, etc. Conclusion. This work provides a systems perspective to study the relationship between Chinese medicines and diseases. The therapeutic efficacy of XCHD on HF was the sum of multitarget and multi-approach effects from the bioactive ingredients. This study could be one of the cornerstones for further research.
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Ethyl Acetate Extract of Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis via Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism, Oxidative Stress and Inhibiting Inflammation. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth is well-known for its ability to alleviate liver heat. In this study, Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated on mouse models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. After 6 and 8 weeks of treatment, serum parameters and gene expressions in tissue samples, as well as stained tissue sections, demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extracts were effective in treating these liver diseases. The principal bioactive constituent (rosmarinic acid) was identified and screened by high pressure liquid chromatography-1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and affinity ultrafiltration-HPLC. The rosmarinic acid was separated from extracts with high purity by medium- and high-pressure liquid chromatography. Finally, the interactions between rosmarinic acid and the key targets of lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation were verified by molecular docking. Thereby, an indirect regulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism and inhibition of liver inflammation and liver fibrosis by the studied extract has been observed. This study demonstrated that Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth ethyl acetate extracts have the potential to treat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis, revealing their multi-target and multi-pathway therapeutic characteristics.
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Study on the mechanism of anti-hepatic fibrosis of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis-Salvia miltiorrhiza prescription based on serum and urine metabolomics and network pharmacology. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1209:123416. [PMID: 36027704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a kind of chronic epidemic liver disease. Glycyrrhiza Uralensis and Salvia Miltiorrhiza (GUSM), traditional Chinese medicine, has the obvious clinical treatment of liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of GUSM against HF by an integrated strategy combining untargeted metabolomics with network pharmacology. The results showed that GUSM prescription can improve the morphology and structure of liver tissue, inhibit the proliferation of collagen fibers and reducing the inflammatory response of the liver and so on. Endogenous metabolites and HF-related potential biomarkers in serum and urine were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). The metabolic pathways were enriched by MetaboAnalyst. GUSM prescription showed an antifibrotic effect on rats by regulating metabolic pathways, mainly pentose and glucuronate interconversions and arachidonic acid metabolism. Network pharmacology was then applied to find 42 overlapping targets of GUSM-HF. Quercetin was found to be the main active component and STAT3 was the main active target in GUSM prescription. Molecular docking showed high affinities between quercetin and STAT3. Therefore, GUSM has protective effects on HF by regulating the metabolism and different signaling pathways. The work also shows that the metabolomic and network pharmacology methods are promising tools to gain insight into the efficacy and mechanism research of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Zhang JB, Jin HL, Feng XY, Feng SL, Zhu WT, Nan HM, Yuan ZW. The combination of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus herb-pair alleviated inflammation in liver fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:984611. [PMID: 36059967 PMCID: PMC9437263 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.984611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the active components and epigenetic regulation mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus herb-pair (LFP) in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced rat liver fibrosis. Methods: The main active ingredients and disease-related gene targets of LFP were determined using TCMSP and UniProt, and liver fibrosis disease targets were screened in the GeneCards database. A network was constructed with Cytoscape 3.8.0 and the STRING database, and potential protein functions were analyzed using bioinformatics analysis. Based on these analyses, we determined the main active ingredients of LFP and evaluated their effects in a CCl4-induced rat liver fibrosis model. Serum biochemical indices were measured using commercial kits, hepatocyte tissue damage and collagen deposition were evaluated by histopathological studies, and myofibroblast activation and inflammation were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to determine the levels of homocysteine, reduced glutathione, and oxidized glutathione, which are involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Results: The main active components of LFP were quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin, and its main targets were α-smooth muscle actin, cyclooxygenase-2, formyl-peptide receptor-2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1, nuclear receptor coactivator-2, interleukinβ, tumor necrosis factor α, CXC motif chemokine ligand 14, and transforming growth factor β1. A combination of quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin alleviated the symptoms of liver fibrosis. Conclusion: The results of this study support the role of LFP in the treatment of liver fibrosis, and reveal that LFP reduces collagen formation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This study suggests a potential mechanism of action of LFP in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bei Zhang
- Collage of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Liu Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen-ling Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Nan
- Collage of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
- Department of Encephalopathy, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Mei Nan, ; Zhong-Wen Yuan,
| | - Zhong-Wen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Mei Nan, ; Zhong-Wen Yuan,
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Gargano G, Oliva F, Oliviero A, Maffulli N. Small interfering RNAs in the management of human rheumatoid arthritis. Br Med Bull 2022; 142:34-43. [PMID: 35488320 PMCID: PMC9351475 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has unclear pathogenesis, but the molecules that feed its inflammatory state are known. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are useful to identify molecular targets and evaluate the efficacy of specific drugs, and can themselves be used for therapeutic purposes. SOURCES OF DATA A systematic search of different databases to March 2022 was performed to define the role of siRNAs in RA therapy. Twenty suitable studies were identified. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Small interfering RNAs can be useful in the study of inflammatory processes in RA, and identify possible therapeutic targets and drug therapies. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Many genes and cytokines participate in the inflammatory process of RA and can be regulated with siRNA. However, it is difficult to determine whether the responses to siRNAs and other drugs studied in human cells in vitro are similar to the responses in vivo. GROWING POINTS Inflammatory processes can be affected by the gene dysregulation of siRNAs on inflammatory cytokines. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH To date, it is not possible to determine whether the pharmacological response of siRNAs on cells in vitro would be similar to what takes place in vivo for the diseases studied so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gargano
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, Salerno 84131, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi SA 84081, Italy
| | - Francesco Oliva
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, Salerno 84131, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi SA 84081, Italy
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, Salerno 84131, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi SA 84081, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, Salerno 84131, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi SA 84081, Italy.,Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
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30
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Cao Y, Mai W, Li R, Deng S, Li L, Zhou Y, Qin Q, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Han M, Liang P, Yan Y, Hao Y, Xie W, Yan J, Zhu L. Macrophages evoke autophagy of hepatic stellate cells to promote liver fibrosis in NAFLD mice via the PGE2/EP4 pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:303. [PMID: 35588334 PMCID: PMC11071853 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04319-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear and the effective treatments have not been explored yet. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is considered as the most critical factor in the progression of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Autophagy has recently been identified as a new mechanism to regulate HSC activation. Here, we found that liver macrophages were polarized toward type 2 (M2) during the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis in both patients and NAFLD mice. Using the methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet NAFLD murine model and the in vitro cell culture system, we identified that the M2 macrophages promoted HSC autophagy by secreting prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and binding its receptor EP4 on the surface of HSCs, which consequently enhanced HSC activation, extracellular matrix deposition, and liver fibrosis. Mechanistically, PGE2/EP4 signals enhanced HSC autophagy through the Erk pathway. A specific PGE2/EP4 antagonist E7046 significantly inhibited M2 macrophage-mediated HSC autophagy and improved liver fibrosis and histopathology in NAFLD mice. Our study provides novel mechanistic insights into the regulation of HSC activation and liver fibrosis. Our findings suggest that the PGE2/EP4 pathway is a promising therapeutic target to prevent NASH progression into cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Weili Mai
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of the Southern Theater of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Guangzhou, 510030, China
| | - Rui Li
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Shuwei Deng
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Lan Li
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Yanxi Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Qiushi Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Xingang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Ming Han
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Pu Liang
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Yonghong Yan
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Yu Hao
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Jie Yan
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Liuluan Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
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Qi Z, Lan C, Xiaofang J, Juanjuan T, Cheng F, Ting H, Erxia S, Zi L. Inhibition of COX-2 ameliorates murine liver schistosomiasis japonica through splenic cellular immunoregulation. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:144. [PMID: 35461268 PMCID: PMC9034617 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have reported the positive association of the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) axis with liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma japonicum (Sj) infection, and TLR4 signaling controlled this axis. However, how COX-2 regulates immune response during Sj infection is still unclear. Methods Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate the effect of the COX-2-specific inhibitor NS398 on liver granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis. Flow cytometry was used to explore the frequency and amount of different immune cell infiltration in the spleen during Sj infection. Results NS398 significantly reduced the size of liver granuloma, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and alleviated chronic granulomatous inflammation. Mechanically, this might be by decreasing the number of Sj-induced macrophages and T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, T follicular helper (Tfh), T follicular regulatory (Tfr), and germinal center B (GC B) cells. There were no differences in the number of neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, Th17 cells, regulatory T cells (Treg), or total B cells in the spleen of the mice with or without NS398 treatment. Conclusions COX-2/PGE2 inhibition may represent a potential therapeutic approach for schistosomiasis japonica through splenic cellular immunoregulation. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Qi
- Sino‑French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China.,Immunology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chen Lan
- Sino‑French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ji Xiaofang
- Sino‑French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tang Juanjuan
- Sino‑French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fu Cheng
- Sino‑French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China.,Immunology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huang Ting
- Sino‑French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China.,Immunology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shen Erxia
- Sino‑French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China. .,Immunology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China. .,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Li Zi
- Sino‑French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China. .,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Zhang T, Gu HW, Gao JX, Li YS, Tang HB. Ethanol supernatant extracts of Gynura procumbens could treat nanodiethylnitrosamine-induced mouse liver cancer by interfering with inflammatory factors for the tumor microenvironment. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114917. [PMID: 34919988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr, (Family Asteraceae), which serves as both medicine and food in traditional ethnic medicine, has the effects of diminishing inflammation, relieving cough, reducing blood glucose and lipids levels, mitigating hepatotoxicity, and can be used for liver cancer prevention and treatment. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore how the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens stems (EEGS) can effectively intervene in the tumor microenvironment, it is necessary to study the mechanism of EEGS on the chemical toxicant nanodiethylnitrosamine (nanoDEN) that induces liver cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS EEGS contains large quantities of caffeoylquinic acid (CAC) and non-caffeoylquinic acid (n-CAC), which can be separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The liver cancer model that was induced by the chemical toxin, nanoDEN, was used to clarify the effective mechanism for tumor intervention of the EEGS and its active ingredients. RESULTS (1) after interventions with the four drugs on liver cancer, the tumor nodules were obviously reduced and inflammation levels improved. (2) The immunohistochemical staining results showed that both the EEGS and its active ingredients could significantly reverse the abnormal changes in inflammation, proliferation, aging and hypoxia-related proteins in mouse liver tissues that were caused by nanoDEN. (3) Real-time PCR results showed that compared with the nanoDEN group, the expression levels of inflammatory, fatty, and fibrosis-related factors in each group after drug intervention were decreased. (4) The transmission electron microscopy measurements showed that the EEGS significantly reversed the nanostructure changes in hepatocytes that were induced by nanoDEN. CONCLUSION The EEGS component of Gynura procumbens is effective in preventing and treating liver cancer by interfering with the inflammatory microenvironment during oncogenesis induced by nanoDEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Hong-Wei Gu
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan, 430074, China; Pharmacy Department, Mental Health Center of Wuhan. No. 93, Youyi Road, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Jin-Xing Gao
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Yu-Sang Li
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - He-Bin Tang
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Deciphering the endometrial niche of human thin endometrium at single-cell resolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2115912119. [PMID: 35169075 PMCID: PMC8872762 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115912119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin endometrium is the most common reason for uterine infertility and refractory gynecological diseases due to its complexity in pathogenesis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, we profile cells from normal and thin endometrium at single-cell resolution to investigate the sophisticated alterations in the local microenvironment that occur in thin endometrium. Increased cellular senescence, collagen overdeposition, and significant down-regulation of gene expression related to cell proliferation are observed and confirmed. Moreover, we demonstrate aberrant activation of the SEMA3 pathway accompanied by dampened EGF, PTN, and TWEAK signaling pathways in thin endometrium. These findings aid in understanding the mechanisms of thin endometrium and provide new tools to rejuvenate the atrophic endometrium for female fertility preservation and successful pregnancy. Thin endometrium has been widely recognized as a critical cause of infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and placental abnormalities; however, access to effective treatment is a formidable challenge due to the rudimentary understanding of the pathogenesis of thin endometrium. Here, we profiled the transcriptomes of human endometrial cells at single-cell resolution to characterize cell types, their communications, and the underlying mechanism of endometrial growth in normal and thin endometrium during the proliferative phase. Stromal cells were the most abundant cell type in the endometrium, with a subpopulation of proliferating stromal cells whose cell cycle signaling pathways were compromised in thin endometrium. Both single-cell RNA sequencing and experimental verification revealed cellular senescence in the stroma and epithelium accompanied by collagen overdeposition around blood vessels. Moreover, decreased numbers of macrophages and natural killer cells further exacerbated endometrial thinness. In addition, our results uncovered aberrant SEMA3, EGF, PTN, and TWEAK signaling pathways as causes for the insufficient proliferation of the endometrium. Together, these data provide insight into therapeutic strategies for endometrial regeneration and growth to treat thin endometrium.
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Yuan S, Wei C, Liu G, Zhang L, Li J, Li L, Cai S, Fang L. Sorafenib attenuates liver fibrosis by triggering hepatic stellate cell ferroptosis via HIF-1α/SLC7A11 pathway. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13158. [PMID: 34811833 PMCID: PMC8780895 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidences demonstrate that sorafenib alleviates liver fibrosis via inhibiting HSC activation and ECM accumulation. The underlying mechanism remains unclear. Ferroptosis, a novel programmed cell death, regulates diverse physiological/pathological processes. In this study, we aim to investigate the functional role of HSC ferroptosis in the anti-fibrotic effect of sorafenib. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of sorafenib on HSC ferroptosis and ECM expression were assessed in mouse model of liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 . In vitro, Fer-1 and DFO were used to block ferroptosis and then explored the anti-fibrotic effect of sorafenib by detecting α-SMA, COL1α1 and fibronectin proteins. Finally, HIF-1α siRNA, plasmid and stabilizers were applied to assess related signalling pathway. RESULTS Sorafenib attenuated liver injury and ECM accumulation in CCl4 -induced fibrotic livers, accompanied by reduction of SLC7A11 and GPX4 proteins. In sorafenib-treated HSC-T6 cells, ferroptotic events (depletion of SLC7A11, GPX4 and GSH; accumulation iron, ROS and MDA) were discovered. Intriguingly, these ferroptotic events were not appeared in hepatocytes or macrophages. Sorafenib-elicited HSC ferroptosis and ECM reduction were abrogated by Fer-1 and DFO. Additionally, both HIF-1α and SLC7A11 proteins were reduced in sorafenib-treated HSC-T6 cells. SLC7A11 was positively regulated by HIF-1α, inactivation of HIF-1α/SLC7A11 pathway was required for sorafenib-induced HSC ferroptosis, and elevation of HIF-1α could inhibit ferroptosis, ultimately limited the anti-fibrotic effect. CONCLUSIONS Sorafenib triggers HSC ferroptosis via HIF-1α/SLC7A11 signalling, which in turn attenuates liver injury and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Yuan
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Can Wei
- Department of UrologyThe Second People's Hospital of HefeiHefeiChina
| | - Guofang Liu
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Lijun Zhang
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Shiyi Cai
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Ling Fang
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
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Ayyash A, Holloway AC. Fluoxetine-induced hepatic lipid accumulation is mediated by prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 1 and is linked to elevated 15-deoxy-Δ 12,14 PGJ 2. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:1004-1015. [PMID: 34897744 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder and other neuropsychiatric disorders are often managed with long-term use of antidepressant medication. Fluoxetine, an SSRI antidepressant, is widely used as a first-line treatment for neuropsychiatric disorders. However, fluoxetine has also been shown to increase the risk of metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Fluoxetine has been shown to increase hepatic lipid accumulation in vivo and in vitro. In addition, fluoxetine has been shown to alter the production of prostaglandins which have also been implicated in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of fluoxetine exposure on the prostaglandin biosynthetic pathway and lipid accumulation in a hepatic cell line (H4-II-E-C3 cells). Fluoxetine treatment increased mRNA expression of prostaglandin biosynthetic enzymes (Ptgs1, Ptgs2, and Ptgds), PPAR gamma (Pparg), and PPAR gamma downstream targets involved in fatty acid uptake (Cd36, Fatp2, and Fatp5) as well as production of 15-deoxy-Δ12,14 PGJ2 a PPAR gamma ligand. The effects of fluoxetine to induce lipid accumulation were attenuated with a PTGS1 specific inhibitor (SC-560), whereas inhibition of PTGS2 had no effect. Moreover, SC-560 attenuated 15-deoxy-Δ12,14 PGJ2 production and expression of PPAR gamma downstream target genes. Taken together these results suggest that fluoxetine-induced lipid abnormalities appear to be mediated via PTGS1 and its downstream product 15d-PGJ2 and suggest a novel therapeutic target to prevent some of the adverse effects of fluoxetine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ayyash
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Engineering chitosan nano-cocktail containing iron oxide and ceria: A two-in-one approach for treatment of inflammatory diseases and tracking of material delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112477. [PMID: 34857262 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, modular two-in-one nano-cocktails were synthesised to provide treatment of inflammatory diseases and also enable tracking of their delivery to the disease sites. Chitosan nano-cocktails loaded with treatment module (cerium oxide nanoparticles) and imaging module (iron oxide nanoparticles) were synthesised by electrostatic self-assembly (Chit-IOCO) and ionic gelation method (Chit-TPP-IOCO), respectively. Their MRI capability, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis ability were investigated. Results demonstrated that Chit-IOCO significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and COX-2, while Chit-TPP-IOCO reduced IL-6 in the LPS-stimulated macrophages RAW264.7. Cytotoxicity studies showed that the nano-cocktails inhibited the proliferation of macrophages. Additionally, Chit-IOCO exhibited higher in vitro MRI relaxivity than Chit-TPP-IOCO, indicating that Chit-IOCO is a better MRI contrast agent in macrophages. It was possible to track the delivery of Chit-IOCO to the inflamed livers of CCl4-treated C57BL/6 mice, demonstrated by a shortened T2⁎ relaxation time of the livers after injecting Chit-IOCO into mice. In vivo anti-inflammatory and blood tests demonstrated that Chit-IOCO reduced inflammation-related proteins (TNF-a, iNOS and Cox-2) and bilirubin in CCl4 treated C57BL/6. Histology images indicated that the nano-cocktails at the treatment doses did not affect the organs of the mice. Importantly, the nano-cocktail reduced fibrosis of CCl4-treated mouse liver. This is the first reported data on the anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis efficacy of Chit-IOCO in C57BL/6 mouse liver inflammation model. Overall, Chit-IOCO nanoparticles have shown great potential in MR imaging/detecting and treating/therapeutic capabilities for inflammatory diseases.
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Xu G, Lv X, Feng Y, Li H, Chen C, Lin H, Li H, Wang C, Chen J, Sun J. Study on the effect of active components of Schisandra chinensis on liver injury and its mechanisms in mice based on network pharmacology. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174442. [PMID: 34492285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the active components of Schisandra chinensis on liver injury and its mechanism in mice by network pharmacology. The active components of S. chinensis were found through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and their corresponding targets were predicted. The targets of liver injury were searched through Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD), DisGeNET and drugbank databases, and the Venn diagram was constructed to obtain the action targets. The "drug-active component-target" network and protein-protein interaction network (PPI) were constructed by using STRING database and Cytoscape software, and the key targets were further screened by the enrichment analysis of relevant KEGG pathways. Finally, a CCl4-induced mouse liver injury model was established to verify the efficacy and related targets of S. chinensis and clarify its mechanism. Eight active components and 56 related targets of S. chinensis were screened out based on their oral bioavailability (OB) and drug likeness (DL). Five targets of S. chinensis related to liver injury were found by using the Venn diagram. The key targets, namely Ptgs2 and Nos2 genes, were further screened out by constructing a PPI network, and Schisandrol B (SCB) was considered the key component most closely related to the liver injury in S. chinensis. The results indicate that SCB may play a role in the treatment of the CCl4-induced liver injury by down-regulating the expression of iNOS and COX-2, and regulating the expression of NF-κB and IL-17 signaling pathway to inhibit the expression of proinflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Xi Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Yanbo Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Cong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Hao Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - He Li
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Jianguang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Jinghui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China.
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Jia F, Hu X, Kimura T, Tanaka N. Impact of Dietary Fat on the Progression of Liver Fibrosis: Lessons from Animal and Cell Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910303. [PMID: 34638640 PMCID: PMC8508674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that a high-fat diet is one of the key contributors to the progression of liver fibrosis, and increasing studies are devoted to analyzing the different influences of diverse fat sources on the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. When we treated three types of isocaloric diets that are rich in cholesterol, saturated fatty acid (SFA) and trans fatty acid (TFA) with hepatitis C virus core gene transgenic mice that spontaneously developed hepatic steatosis without apparent fibrosis, TFA and cholesterol-rich diet, but not SFA-rich diet, displayed distinct hepatic fibrosis. This review summarizes the recent advances in animal and cell studies regarding the effects of these three types of fat on liver fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangping Jia
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan;
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China;
| | - Takefumi Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan;
| | - Naoki Tanaka
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan;
- International Relations Office, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
- Research Center for Social Systems, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Zhang H, Li S, Si Y, Xu H. Andrographolide and its derivatives: Current achievements and future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113710. [PMID: 34315039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural product andrographolide isolated from the plant Andrographis paniculata shows a plethora of biological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-fibrosis, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory and hypoglycemic activities. Based on extensive chemical structural modifications, a series of andrographolide derivatives with improved bioavailability and druggability has been developed. Moreover, greater understanding of their mechanisms of action at the molecular and cellular level has been thoroughly investigated. In this review, we give an outlook for the therapeutical potential of andrographolide and its derivatives in diverse diseases and highlighted the drug design, pharmacokinetic and mechanistic studies for the past ten years, together with a brief overview of the pharmacological effects. Notably, we focused to provide a critical enlightenment of the area of andrographolide and its derivatives with the intent of indicating the future perspectives, challenges and limitations. We believe that this review paper will benefit drug discovery where andrographolide was used as a template, shed light on the identification of drug targets for andrographolide and its analogs, as well as increase our knowledge for using them for therapeutic application, including the treatment for various forms of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Shufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yongsheng Si
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Muema FW, Kimutai F, Chen G, Guo M. Phenolic Compounds from Carissa spinarum Are Characterized by Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050652. [PMID: 33922451 PMCID: PMC8145564 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carissa spinarum has been traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases due to its different pharmacological activities. However, the active compounds responsible for its potentially specific activities have rarely been explored. To this end, the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction was screened out and selected for further phytochemical isolation because of its promising activities in preliminary 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and COX-2 inhibition assays. As a result, 10 compounds (1−10), including a new one (5), were isolated, with eight of these being identified as phenolic compounds, as expected. Compound 9 possessed an IC50 value of 16.5 ± 1.2 µM, which was lower than that of positive control (vitamin C, 25.5 ± 0.3 µM) in the DPPH assay, and compounds 2, 6, 7 and 9 showed better total antioxidant capacity than vitamin C in the FRAP assay. Meanwhile, compounds 1−6 and 9 also had IC50 values of less than 1.0 µM, which was even better than the positive control indomethacin in the COX-2 inhibition assay. In this context, compounds 2 and 9 were further evaluated to exhibit clear hepatoprotective activities by improving the L02 cell viability and reducing ROS production using a H2O2-induced L02 cell injury model. This study provides initial evidence revealing the most potent phenolic compounds from the root bark of C. spinarum responsible for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.M.); (F.K.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.M.); (F.K.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Felix Wambua Muema
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.M.); (F.K.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Festus Kimutai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.M.); (F.K.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guilin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.M.); (F.K.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.M.); (F.K.); (G.C.)
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-87700850
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An L, Lin Y, Li L, Kong M, Lou Y, Wu J, Liu Z. Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Investigate the Effects and Mechanism of Astragalus Flavonoids Against Hepatic Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:618262. [PMID: 33551818 PMCID: PMC7862122 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.618262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis (HF) represents the excessive wound healing where an excess amount of connective tissues is formed within the liver, finally resulting in cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, it is significant to discover the efficient agents and components to treat HF, thus restraining the further progression of hepatopathy. Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge [also called Astragali Radix (AR)] is a famous herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which possesses a variety of biological activities and exerts good therapeutic effects in the treatment of HF. Flavonoids account for the major active ingredients related to the AR pharmacological effects. Total AR flavonoids have been proved to exert inhibitory effects on hepatic fibrosis. This study aimed to further undertake network pharmacology analysis coupled with experimental validation and molecular docking to investigate the effects and mechanism of multiple flavonoid components from AR against liver fibrosis. The results of the network pharmacology analysis showed that the flavonoids from AR exerted their pharmacological effects against liver fibrosis by modulating multiple targets and pathways. The experimental validation data showed that the flavonoids from AR were able to suppress transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-mediated activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and reduce extracellular matrix deposition in HSC-T6 cells via regulating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signal transduction pathway. The results of the molecular docking study further showed that the flavonoids had a strong binding affinity for IκB kinase (IKKβ) after docking into the crystal structure. The above results indicated that, flavonoids possibly exerted the anti-inflammatory effect on treating HF by mediating inflammatory signaling pathways. The potential mechanism of these flavonoids against liver fibrosis may be related to suppression of the NF-κB pathway through effective inhibition of IKKβ. This study not only provides a scientific basis for clarifying the effects and mechanism of AR flavonoids against liver fibrosis but also suggests a novel promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jinjun Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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