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Saito T, Fujino N, Kyogoku Y, Yamada M, Okutomo K, Ono Y, Konno S, Endo T, Itakura K, Matsumoto S, Sano H, Aizawa H, Numakura T, Onodera K, Okada Y, Hussell T, Ichinose M, Sugiura H. Identification of Siglec-1-negative alveolar macrophages with proinflammatory phenotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L672-L686. [PMID: 38530936 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00303.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) orchestrate persistent inflammation in the airway. However, subpopulations of AMs participating in chronic inflammation have been poorly characterized. We previously reported that Siglec-1 expression on AMs, which is important for bacteria engulfment, was decreased in COPD. Here, we show that Siglec-1-negative AMs isolated from COPD lung tissues exhibit a proinflammatory phenotype and are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with COPD. Using flow cytometry, we segregated three subsets of AMs based on the expression of Siglec-1 and their side scattergram (SSC) and forward scattergram (FSC) properties: Siglec-1+SSChiFSChi, Siglec-1-SSChiFSChi, and Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subsets. The Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subset number was increased in COPD. RNA sequencing revealed upregulation of multiple proinflammatory signaling pathways and emphysema-associated matrix metalloproteases in the Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subset. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subset adopted intermediate phenotypes between monocytes and mature alveolar macrophages. Functionally, these cells produced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 at baseline, and these cytokines were significantly increased in response to viral RNA. The increase in Siglec-1-negative AMs in induced sputum is associated with future exacerbation risk and lung function decline in patients with COPD. Collectively, the novel Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subset of AMs displays proinflammatory properties, and their emergence in COPD airways may be associated with poor clinical outcomes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Alveolar macrophages (AMs) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) orchestrate persistent inflammation in the airway. We find that Siglec-1-negative alveolar macrophages have a wide range of proinflammatory landscapes and a protease-expressing phenotype. Moreover, this subset is associated with the pathogenesis of COPD and responds to viral stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoya Fujino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yorihiko Kyogoku
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koji Okutomo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Ono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shuichi Konno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuto Endo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koji Itakura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tadahisa Numakura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Onodera
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tracy Hussell
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hisatoshi Sugiura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Danielpour D. Advances and Challenges in Targeting TGF-β Isoforms for Therapeutic Intervention of Cancer: A Mechanism-Based Perspective. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:533. [PMID: 38675493 PMCID: PMC11054419 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The TGF-β family is a group of 25 kDa secretory cytokines, in mammals consisting of three dimeric isoforms (TGF-βs 1, 2, and 3), each encoded on a separate gene with unique regulatory elements. Each isoform plays unique, diverse, and pivotal roles in cell growth, survival, immune response, and differentiation. However, many researchers in the TGF-β field often mistakenly assume a uniform functionality among all three isoforms. Although TGF-βs are essential for normal development and many cellular and physiological processes, their dysregulated expression contributes significantly to various diseases. Notably, they drive conditions like fibrosis and tumor metastasis/progression. To counter these pathologies, extensive efforts have been directed towards targeting TGF-βs, resulting in the development of a range of TGF-β inhibitors. Despite some clinical success, these agents have yet to reach their full potential in the treatment of cancers. A significant challenge rests in effectively targeting TGF-βs' pathological functions while preserving their physiological roles. Many existing approaches collectively target all three isoforms, failing to target just the specific deregulated ones. Additionally, most strategies tackle the entire TGF-β signaling pathway instead of focusing on disease-specific components or preferentially targeting tumors. This review gives a unique historical overview of the TGF-β field often missed in other reviews and provides a current landscape of TGF-β research, emphasizing isoform-specific functions and disease implications. The review then delves into ongoing therapeutic strategies in cancer, stressing the need for more tools that target specific isoforms and disease-related pathway components, advocating mechanism-based and refined approaches to enhance the effectiveness of TGF-β-targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Danielpour
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Research Laboratories, The Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; ; Tel.: +1-216-368-5670; Fax: +1-216-368-8919
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Institute of Urology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Mekala S, Rai R, Reed SL, Bowen B, Michalopoulos GK, Locker J, Raeman R, Oertel M. Antagonizing Activin A/p15 INK4b Signaling as Therapeutic Strategy for Liver Disease. Cells 2024; 13:649. [PMID: 38607090 PMCID: PMC11011318 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Activin A is involved in the pathogenesis of human liver diseases, but its therapeutic targeting is not fully explored. Here, we tested the effect of novel, highly specific small-molecule-based activin A antagonists (NUCC-474/555) in improving liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy and halting fibrosis progression in models of chronic liver diseases (CLDs). METHODS Cell toxicity of antagonists was determined in rat hepatocytes and Huh-7 cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. Hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were treated with activin A and NUCC-555 and analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Partial hepatectomized Fisher (F)344 rats were treated with NUCC-555, and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation was determined at 18/24/36/120/240 h. NUCC-555 was administered into thioacetamide- or carbon tetrachloride-treated F344 rats or C57BL/6 mice, and the fibrosis progression was studied. RESULTS NUCC-474 showed higher cytotoxicity in cultured hepatic cells; therefore, NUCC-555 was used in subsequent studies. Activin A-stimulated overexpression of cell cycle-/senescence-related genes (e.g., p15INK4b, DEC1, Glb1) was near-completely reversed by NUCC-555 in hepatocytes. Activin A-mediated HSC activation was blocked by NUCC-555. In partial hepatectomized rats, antagonizing activin A signaling resulted in a 1.9-fold and 2.3-fold increase in BrdU+ cells at 18 and 24 h, respectively. Administration of NUCC-555 in rats and mice with progressing fibrosis significantly reduced collagen accumulation (7.9-fold), HSC activation indicated by reduced alpha smooth muscle actin+ and vimentin+ cells, and serum aminotransferase activity. CONCLUSIONS Our studies demonstrate that activin A antagonist NUCC-555 promotes liver regeneration and halts fibrosis progression in CLD models, suggesting that blocking activin A signaling may represent a new approach to treating people with CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Mekala
- Department of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street—BST S-404, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA (R.R.); (G.K.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Ravi Rai
- Department of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street—BST S-404, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA (R.R.); (G.K.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Samantha Loretta Reed
- Department of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street—BST S-404, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA (R.R.); (G.K.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Bill Bowen
- Department of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street—BST S-404, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA (R.R.); (G.K.M.); (R.R.)
| | - George K. Michalopoulos
- Department of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street—BST S-404, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA (R.R.); (G.K.M.); (R.R.)
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center (PLRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Joseph Locker
- Department of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street—BST S-404, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA (R.R.); (G.K.M.); (R.R.)
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center (PLRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Reben Raeman
- Department of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street—BST S-404, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA (R.R.); (G.K.M.); (R.R.)
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center (PLRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Michael Oertel
- Department of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street—BST S-404, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA (R.R.); (G.K.M.); (R.R.)
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center (PLRC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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Zhang Z, Lu T, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Qian R, Qi R, Zhou F, Li M. Unraveling the immune landscape and therapeutic biomarker PMEPA1 for oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer: A comprehensive approach. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116117. [PMID: 38461903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent with promising applications in the treatment of various malignancies, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the management of OXA resistance remains an ongoing obstacle in CRC therapy. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the immune landscape, targeted therapeutic biomarkers, and mechanisms that influence OXA resistance in CRC. Our results demonstrated that our OXA- resistant CRC prognostic model not only provides risk assessment for patients but also reflects the immune landscape of patients. Additionally, we identified prostate transmembrane protein, androgen-induced1 (PMEPA1) as a promising molecular targeted therapeutic biomarker for patients with OXA-resistant CRC. The mechanism of PMEPA1 may involve cell adhesion, pathways in cancer, and the TGF-β signaling pathway. Furthermore, analysis of CRC clinical samples indicated that patients resistant to OXA exhibited elevated serum levels of TGF-β1, increased expression of PMEPA1 in tumors, a lower proportion of CD8+ T cell positivity, and a higher proportion of M0 macrophage positivity, in comparison to OXA-sensitive individuals. Cellular experiments indicated that selective silencing of PMEPA1, alone or in combination with OXA, inhibited proliferation and metastasis in OXA-resistant CRC cells, HCT116R. Animal experiments further confirmed that PMEPA1 silencing suppressed subcutaneous graft tumor growth and liver metastasis in mice bearing HCT116R and synergistically enhanced the efficacy of OXA. These data highlight the potential of leveraging the therapeutic biomarker PMEPA1, CD8+ T cells, and M0 macrophages as innovative targets for effectively addressing the challenges associated with OXA resistance. Our findings hold promising implications for further clinical advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China.
| | - Tianming Lu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixian Liu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoning Qian
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruogu Qi
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China.
| | - Fuqiong Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China.
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China.
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Wang Y, Ma X, Xu E, Huang Z, Yang C, Zhu K, Dong Y, Zhang C. Identifying squalene epoxidase as a metabolic vulnerability in high-risk osteosarcoma using an artificial intelligence-derived prognostic index. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1586. [PMID: 38372422 PMCID: PMC10875711 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OSA) presents a clinical challenge and has a low 5-year survival rate. Currently, the lack of advanced stratification models makes personalized therapy difficult. This study aims to identify novel biomarkers to stratify high-risk OSA patients and guide treatment. METHODS We combined 10 machine-learning algorithms into 101 combinations, from which the optimal model was established for predicting overall survival based on transcriptomic profiles for 254 samples. Alterations in transcriptomic, genomic and epigenomic landscapes were assessed to elucidate mechanisms driving poor prognosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) unveiled genes overexpressed in OSA cells as potential therapeutic targets, one of which was validated via tissue staining, knockdown and pharmacological inhibition. We characterized changes in multiple phenotypes, including proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, chemosensitivity and in vivo tumourigenicity. RNA-seq and Western blotting elucidated the impact of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) suppression on signalling pathways. RESULTS The artificial intelligence-derived prognostic index (AIDPI), generated by our model, was an independent prognostic biomarker, outperforming clinicopathological factors and previously published signatures. Incorporating the AIDPI with clinical factors into a nomogram improved predictive accuracy. For user convenience, both the model and nomogram are accessible online. Patients in the high-AIDPI group exhibited chemoresistance, coupled with overexpression of MYC and SQLE, increased mTORC1 signalling, disrupted PI3K-Akt signalling, and diminished immune infiltration. ScRNA-seq revealed high expression of MYC and SQLE in OSA cells. Elevated SQLE expression correlated with chemoresistance and worse outcomes in OSA patients. Therapeutically, silencing SQLE suppressed OSA malignancy and enhanced chemosensitivity, mediated by cholesterol depletion and suppression of the FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, the SQLE-specific inhibitor FR194738 demonstrated anti-OSA effects in vivo and exhibited synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSIONS AIDPI is a robust biomarker for identifying the high-risk subset of OSA patients. The SQLE protein emerges as a metabolic vulnerability in these patients, providing a target with translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Proteomics and Cancer Cell Signaling Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Enjie Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
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Benkafadar N, Sato MP, Ling AH, Janesick A, Scheibinger M, Jan TA, Heller S. An essential signaling cascade for avian auditory hair cell regeneration. Dev Cell 2024; 59:280-291.e5. [PMID: 38128539 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a chronic disease affecting millions of people worldwide, yet no restorative treatment options are available. Although non-mammalian species can regenerate their auditory sensory hair cells, mammals cannot. Birds retain facultative stem cells known as supporting cells that engage in proliferative regeneration when surrounding hair cells die. Here, we investigated gene expression changes in chicken supporting cells during auditory hair cell death. This identified a pathway involving the receptor F2RL1, HBEGF, EGFR, and ERK signaling. We propose a cascade starting with the proteolytic activation of F2RL1, followed by matrix-metalloprotease-mediated HBEGF shedding, and culminating in EGFR-mediated ERK signaling. Each component of this cascade is essential for supporting cell S-phase entry in vivo and is integral for hair cell regeneration. Furthermore, STAT3-phosphorylation converges with this signaling toward upregulation of transcription factors ATF3, FOSL2, and CREM. Our findings could provide a basis for designing treatments for hearing and balance disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Benkafadar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Mitsuo P Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Angela H Ling
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Amanda Janesick
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mirko Scheibinger
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Taha A Jan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Stefan Heller
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Zhu Q, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yang X, Shuai Z. Prostate transmembrane androgen inducible protein 1 (PMEPA1): regulation and clinical implications. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1298660. [PMID: 38173834 PMCID: PMC10761476 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1298660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate transmembrane androgen inducible protein 1 (PMEPA1) can promote or inhibit prostate cancer cell growth based on the cancer cell response to the androgen receptor (AR). Further, it can be upregulated by transforming growth factor (TGF), which downregulates transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling by interfering with R-Smad phosphorylation to facilitate TGF-β receptor degradation. Studies have indicated the increased expression of PMEPA1 in some solid tumors and its functioning as a regulator of multiple signaling pathways. This review highlights the multiple potential signaling pathways associated with PMEPA1 and the role of the PMEPA1 gene in regulating prognosis, including transcriptional regulation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, the relevant implications in and outside tumors, for example, as a biomarker and its potential functions in lysosomes have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicui Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoke Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
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Wen F, Yang S, Cai W, Zhao M, Qin L, Jiao Z. Exploring the role of PMEPA1 in gastric cancer. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 72:101931. [PMID: 37683830 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Although there are several treatments available for gastric cancer (GC), the prognosis of the disease is still poor due to many factors, such as late diagnosis and tumor heterogeneity. To identify potential therapeutic targets, bioinformatics techniques and clinical sample validation were employed and prostate transmembrane protein androgen induced 1 (PMEPA1) was selected for further study. In the present study, we found that elevated PMEPA1 expression correlates with a worse prognosis and weaker anti-tumor immunity in GC patients. Moreover, our study showed that PMEPA1 not only influences cell proliferation, clone formation, invasion, and migration in vitro, but also plays an important role in GC progression in vivo. Mechanically, PMEPA1 exerts its oncogenic effects through activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, PMEPA1 is a potential target for treating GC effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Shangyu Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - WeiWen Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Long Qin
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China.
| | - Zuoyi Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China; Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China.
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Bauer TM, Santoro A, Lin CC, Garrido-Laguna I, Joerger M, Greil R, Spreafico A, Yau T, Goebeler ME, Hütter-Krönke ML, Perotti A, Juif PE, Lu D, Barys L, Cremasco V, Pelletier M, Evans H, Fabre C, Doi T. Phase I/Ib, open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation study of the anti-TGF-β monoclonal antibody, NIS793, in combination with spartalizumab in adult patients with advanced tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007353. [PMID: 38030303 PMCID: PMC10689375 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NIS793 is a human IgG2 monoclonal antibody that binds to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). This first-in-human study investigated NIS793 plus spartalizumab treatment in patients with advanced solid tumors. METHODS Patients received NIS793 (0.3-1 mg/kg every 3 weeks (Q3W)) monotherapy; following evaluation of two dose levels, dose escalation continued with NIS793 plus spartalizumab (NIS793 0.3-30 mg/kg Q3W and spartalizumab 300 mg Q3W or NIS793 20-30 mg/kg every 2 weeks [Q2W] and spartalizumab 400 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W)). In dose expansion, patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resistant to prior anti-programmed death ligand 1 or patients with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer (MSS-CRC) were treated at the recommended dose for expansion (RDE). RESULTS Sixty patients were treated in dose escalation, 11 with NIS793 monotherapy and 49 with NIS793 plus spartalizumab, and 60 patients were treated in dose expansion (MSS-CRC: n=40; NSCLC: n=20). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The RDE was established as NIS793 30 mg/kg (2100 mg) and spartalizumab 300 mg Q3W. Overall 54 (49.5%) patients experienced ≥1 treatment-related adverse event, most commonly rash (n=16; 13.3%), pruritus (n=10; 8.3%), and fatigue (n=9; 7.5%). Three partial responses were reported: one in renal cell carcinoma (NIS793 30 mg/kg Q2W plus spartalizumab 400 mg Q4W), and two in the MSS-CRC expansion cohort. Biomarker data showed evidence of target engagement through increased TGF-β/NIS793 complexes and depleted active TGF-β in peripheral blood. Gene expression analyses in tumor biopsies demonstrated decreased TGF-β target genes and signatures and increased immune signatures. CONCLUSIONS In patients with advanced solid tumors, proof of mechanism of NIS793 is supported by evidence of target engagement and TGF-β pathway inhibition. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02947165.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Bauer
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Armando Santoro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ignacio Garrido-Laguna
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Markus Joerger
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Yau
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Maria-Elisabeth Goebeler
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Early Clinical Trials Unit, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Bayern, Germany
| | - Marie Luise Hütter-Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonella Perotti
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Pierre-Eric Juif
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Darlene Lu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Louise Barys
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Viviana Cremasco
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marc Pelletier
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Helen Evans
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Claire Fabre
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Toshikiko Doi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center-Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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10
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He P, Dai Q, Wu X. New insight in urological cancer therapy: From epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to application of nano-biomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115672. [PMID: 36906272 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A high number of cancer-related deaths (up to 90) are due to metastasis and simple definition of metastasis is new colony formation of tumor cells in a secondary site. In tumor cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) stimulates metastasis and invasion, and it is a common characteristic of malignant tumors. Prostate cancer, bladder cancer and renal cancer are three main types of urological tumors that their malignant and aggressive behaviors are due to abnormal proliferation and metastasis. EMT has been well-documented as a mechanism for promoting invasion of tumor cells and in the current review, a special attention is directed towards understanding role of EMT in malignancy, metastasis and therapy response of urological cancers. The invasion and metastatic characteristics of urological tumors enhance due to EMT induction and this is essential for ensuring survival and ability in developing new colonies in neighboring and distant tissues and organs. When EMT induction occurs, malignant behavior of tumor cells enhances and their tend in developing therapy resistance especially chemoresistance promotes that is one of the underlying reasons for therapy failure and patient death. The lncRNAs, microRNAs, eIF5A2, Notch-4 and hypoxia are among common modulators of EMT mechanism in urological tumors. Moreover, anti-tumor compounds such as metformin can be utilized in suppressing malignancy of urological tumors. Besides, genes and epigenetic factors modulating EMT mechanism can be therapeutically targeted for interfering malignancy of urological tumors. Nanomaterials are new emerging agents in urological cancer therapy that they can improve potential of current therapeutics by their targeted delivery to tumor site. The important hallmarks of urological cancers including growth, invasion and angiogenesis can be suppressed by cargo-loaded nanomaterials. Moreover, nanomaterials can improve chemotherapy potential in urological cancer elimination and by providing phototherapy, they mediate synergistic tumor suppression. The clinical application depends on development of biocompatible nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qiang Dai
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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11
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Xiang C, Li Y, Wang W, Tao H, Liang N, Wu S, Yu T, Cui X, Xie Y, Zuo H, Lin C, Xu F. Joint analysis of WES and RNA-Seq identify signature genes related to metastasis in prostate cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2023. [PMID: 37378426 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) has a certain degree of heritability, and metastasis occurs as cancer progresses. However, its underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. We sequenced four cases of cancer without metastasis, four metastatic cancer, and four benign hyperplasia tissues as controls. A total of 1839 damaging mutations were identified. Pathway analysis, gene clustering, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis were employed to find characteristics associated with metastasis. Chr19 had the most mutation density and 1p36 had the highest mutation frequency across the genome. These mutations occurred in 1630 genes, including the most frequently mutated genes TTN and PLEC, and dozens of metastasis-related genes, such as FOXA1, NCOA1, CD34, and BRCA2. Ras signalling and arachidonic acid metabolism were uniquely enriched in metastatic cancer. Gene programmes 10 and 11 showed the signatures indicating the occurrence of metastasis better. A module (135 genes) was specifically associated with metastasis. Of them, 67.41% reoccurred in program 10, with 26 genes further retained as the signature genes related to PCa metastasis, including AGR3, RAPH1, SOX14, DPEP1, and UBL4A. Our study provides new molecular perspectives on PCa metastasis. The signature genes and pathways could be served as potential therapeutic targets for metastasis or cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjun Xiang
- The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yue Li
- The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenting Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Huiying Tao
- The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Tianxi Yu
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yaqi Xie
- The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongwei Zuo
- The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Chunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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12
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Ashok G, Das R, Anbarasu A, Ramaiah S. Comprehensive analysis on the diagnostic role of circulatory exosome-based miR-92a-3p for osteoblastic metastases in prostate adenocarcinoma. J Mol Recognit 2023:e3042. [PMID: 37258416 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is the second leading cause of death in men and the key factor that attributes to the severity and higher mortality rates is the tumor's ability to promote osteoblastic metastases (OM). Currently, no blood-based biomarkers are present that bridges the crosstalk between PRAD and OM progression. Conversely, circulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) are gaining interest among the scientific community for its potential as blood-based markers for cancer detection. Using computational pipeline, this study screened exosome-based miRNA that is functionally regulating OM in PRAD. We retrieved the expression profile of miRNA, mRNA from PRAD microarray, and RNA-Seq samples deposited in global repositories and identified the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes. Thereafter, the average expression of the miRNAs was identified in extracellular vesicle specifically in exosomes. Survival analysis and clinical profiling identified functionally significant miR-92a-3p to be a key factor in OM. This was further examined by the interactions with various noncoding RNA elements, transcription factors, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and protein kinases regulated by miR-92a-3p. Identifying the expression pattern, nodal metastasis, Gleason score, and hazard ratio deciphered the critical role of the targets regulated by miR-92a-3p. Further, binding association analyzed through energy, seed match and accessibility showed the miRNA-targets involved in cytokine, TGF-β, and Wnt signaling having close regulatory role in promoting OM. Our findings highlight the potent role of miR-92a-3p as blood-based diagnostic biomarker for OM. The comprehensive insights from our study can be elemental in designing diagnostic biomarker for PRAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Ashok
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
- Department of Bio-Sciences, SBST, VIT, Vellore, India
| | - Rohini Das
- Department of Computer Science, SCOPE, VIT, Vellore, India
| | - Anand Anbarasu
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
- Department of Biotechnology, SBST, VIT, Vellore, India
| | - Sudha Ramaiah
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
- Department of Bio-Sciences, SBST, VIT, Vellore, India
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13
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Long C, Li G, Meng Y, Huang X, Chen J, Liu J. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identifies the prognosis-related models of left- and right-sided colon cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33390. [PMID: 37144998 PMCID: PMC10158920 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Left-sided colon cancer (LC) and right-sided colon cancer (RC) are 2 essentially different diseases, and the potential mechanisms regulating them remain unidentified. In this study, we applied weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to confirm a yellow module, mainly enriched in metabolism-related signaling pathways related to LC and RC. Based on the RNA-seq data of colon cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE41258 dataset with their corresponding clinical information, a training set (TCGA: LC: n = 171; RC: n = 260) and a validation set (GSE41258: LC: n = 94; RC: n = 77) were divided. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized COX regression analysis identified 20 prognosis-related genes (PRGs) and helped constructed 2 risk (LC-R and RC-R) models in LC and RC, respectively. The model-based risk scores accurately performed in risk stratification for colon cancer patients. The high-risk group of the LC-R model showed associations with ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Interestingly, the low-risk group of the LC-R model showed associations with immune-related signaling pathways like antigen processing and presentation. On the other hand, the high-risk group of the RC-R model showed enrichment for cell adhesion molecules and axon guidance signaling pathways. Furthermore, we identified 20 differentially expressed PRGs between LC and RC. Our findings provide new insights into the difference between LC and RC, and uncover the potential biomarkers for the treatment of LC and RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan Long
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Meng
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Jungang Liu
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
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14
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Lin J, Zhuo Y, Zhang Y, Liu R, Zhong W. Molecular predictors of metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:199-215. [PMID: 36860119 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2187289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is a serious threat to the health of older adults worldwide. The quality of life and survival time of patients sharply decline once metastasis occurs. Thus, early screening for prostate cancer is very advanced in developed countries. The detection methods used include Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection and digital rectal examination. However, the lack of universal access to early screening in some developing countries has resulted in an increased number of patients presenting with metastatic prostate cancer. In addition, the treatment methods for metastatic and localized prostate cancer are considerably different. In many patients, early-stage prostate cancer cells often metastasize due to delayed observation, negative PSA results, and delay in treatment time. Therefore, the identification of patients who are prone to metastasis is important for future clinical studies. AREAS COVERED this review introduced a large number of predictive molecules related to prostate cancer metastasis. These molecules involve the mutation and regulation of tumor cell genes, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and the liquid biopsy. EXPERT OPINION In next decade, PSMA PET/CT and liquid biopsy will be the excellent predicting tools, while 177 Lu- PSMA-RLT will be showed excellent anti-tumor efficacy in mPCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yangjia Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixun Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weide Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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15
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Yin H, Chen L, Piao S, Wang Y, Li Z, Lin Y, Tang X, Zhang H, Zhang H, Wang X. M6A RNA methylation-mediated RMRP stability renders proliferation and progression of non-small cell lung cancer through regulating TGFBR1/SMAD2/SMAD3 pathway. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:605-617. [PMID: 34628486 PMCID: PMC9984538 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00888-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has the highest mortality rate among all malignancies worldwide. The role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of cancers is a contemporary research hotspot. Based on an integrative analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database, we identified lncRNA-RNA Component of Mitochondrial RNA Processing Endoribonuclease (RMRP) as one of the most highly upregulated lncRNAs that are associated with poor survival in NSCLC. Furthermore, N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) was highly enriched within RMRP and enhanced its RNA stability. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that RMRP promoted NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. In terms of mechanism, RMRP recruited YBX1 to the TGFBR1 promotor region, leading to upregulation of the transcription of TGFBR1. The TGFBR1/SMAD2/SMAD3 pathway was also regulated by RMRP. In addition, RMRP promoted the cancer stem cells properties and epithelial mesenchymal transition, which promote the resistance to radiation therapy and cisplatin. Clinical data further confirmed a positive correlation between RMRP and TGFBR1. In short, our work reveals that m6A RNA methylation-mediated RMRP stability renders proliferation and progression of NSCLC through regulating TGFBR1/SMAD2/SMAD3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Shiqi Piao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Zhange Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Xueqing Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shangdong Province, PR China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
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16
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Ali S, Rehman MU, Yatoo AM, Arafah A, Khan A, Rashid S, Majid S, Ali A, Ali MN. TGF-β signaling pathway: Therapeutic targeting and potential for anti-cancer immunity. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 947:175678. [PMID: 36990262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a pleiotropic secretory cytokine exhibiting both cancer-inhibitory and promoting properties. It transmits its signals via Suppressor of Mother against Decapentaplegic (SMAD) and non-SMAD pathways and regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis. In non-cancer and early-stage cancer cells, TGFβ signaling suppresses cancer progression via inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, or anti-proliferation, and promoting cell differentiation. On the other hand, TGFβ may also act as an oncogene in advanced stages of tumors, wherein it develops immune-suppressive tumor microenvironments and induces the proliferation of cancer cells, invasion, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. Higher TGFβ expression leads to the instigation and development of cancer. Therefore, suppressing TGFβ signals may present a potential treatment option for inhibiting tumorigenesis and metastasis. Different inhibitory molecules, including ligand traps, anti-sense oligo-nucleotides, small molecule receptor-kinase inhibitors, small molecule inhibitors, and vaccines, have been developed and clinically trialed for blocking the TGFβ signaling pathway. These molecules are not pro-oncogenic response-specific but block all signaling effects induced by TGFβ. Nonetheless, targeting the activation of TGFβ signaling with maximized specificity and minimized toxicity can enhance the efficacy of therapeutic approaches against this signaling pathway. The molecules that are used to target TGFβ are non-cytotoxic to cancer cells but designed to curtail the over-activation of invasion and metastasis driving TGFβ signaling in stromal and cancer cells. Here, we discussed the critical role of TGFβ in tumorigenesis, and metastasis, as well as the outcome and the promising achievement of TGFβ inhibitory molecules in the treatment of cancer.
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17
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Bone Metastases and Health in Prostate Cancer: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051518. [PMID: 36900309 PMCID: PMC10000416 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically relevant bone metastases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality for prostate cancer patients. Distinct phenotypes are described: osteoblastic, the more common osteolytic and mixed. A molecular classification has been also proposed. Bone metastases start with the tropism of cancer cells to the bone through different multi-step tumor-host interactions, as described by the "metastatic cascade" model. Understanding these mechanisms, although far from being fully elucidated, could offer several potential targets for prevention and therapy. Moreover, the prognosis of patients is markedly influenced by skeletal-related events. They can be correlated not only with bone metastases, but also with "bad" bone health. There is a close correlation between osteoporosis-a skeletal disorder with decreased bone mass and qualitative alterations-and prostate cancer, in particular when treated with androgen deprivation therapy, a milestone in its treatment. Systemic treatments for prostate cancer, especially with the newest options, have improved the survival and quality of life of patients with respect to skeletal-related events; however, all patients should be evaluated for "bone health" and osteoporotic risk, both in the presence and in the absence of bone metastases. Treatment with bone-targeted therapies should be evaluated even in the absence of bone metastases, as described in special guidelines and according to a multidisciplinary evaluation.
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18
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Potential role for protein kinase D inhibitors in prostate cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:341-349. [PMID: 36843036 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PrKD), a novel serine-threonine kinase, belongs to a family of calcium calmodulin kinases that consists of three isoforms: PrKD1, PrKD2, and PrKD3. The PrKD isoforms play a major role in pathologic processes such as cardiac hypertrophy and cancer progression. The charter member of the family, PrKD1, is the most extensively studied isoform. PrKD play a dual role as both a proto-oncogene and a tumor suppressor depending on the cellular context. The duplicity of PrKD can be highlighted in advanced prostate cancer (PCa) where expression of PrKD1 is suppressed whereas the expressions of PrKD2 and PrKD3 are upregulated to aid in cancer progression. As understanding of the PrKD signaling pathways has been better elucidated, interest has been garnered in the development of PrKD inhibitors. The broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor staurosporine acts as a potent PrKD inhibitor and is the most well-known; however, several other novel and more specific PrKD inhibitors have been developed over the last two decades. While there is tremendous potential for PrKD inhibitors to be used in a clinical setting, none has progressed beyond preclinical trials due to a variety of challenges. In this review, we focus on PrKD signaling in PCa and the potential role of PrKD inhibitors therein, and explore the possible clinical outcomes based on known function and expression of PrKD isoforms at different stages of PCa.
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19
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Long Q, Wu J, Peng Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Chen H. Diagnostic pitfalls: a case of prostate cancer and rectal cancer accompanied by prostate cancer invasion of the rectum. Diagn Pathol 2022; 17:98. [PMID: 36581851 PMCID: PMC9798570 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-022-01282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Case of double primary cancer of the prostate and rectum is rare, prostate cancer involving the postoperative intestinal anastomotic mucosal tissue is even rarer. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of rectal cancer discovered 1 year after a diagnosis of prostate cancer and a tumour in the postoperative anastomotic intestinal mucosal tissue involving prostatic adenocarcinoma at 1 year after the diagnosis of rectal cancer. Due to the poor differentiation of both prostate and rectal cancers, there are some pitfalls in the diagnosis of intestinal mucosal lesions at an anastomosis. The lack of an accurate diagnosis of a tumour in anastomosis intestinal mucosal tissue will affect treatment and patient survival. CONCLUSIONS The pathologists should have a detailed understanding of the patient's medical history and carefully observe the histopathological morphology and, if necessary, immunohistochemistry or other techniques should be used to assist in the pathological diagnosis and avoid both misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongxian Long
- Department of Pathology, Nanchong Central Hospital, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Department of Urological Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, China
| | - Yong Peng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Nanchong Central Hospital, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, China
| | - Xuqian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanchong Central Hospital, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, China
| | - Xinya Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanchong Central Hospital, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, China
| | - Huaping Chen
- Department of Medical Iconography, Nanchong Central Hospital, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, China
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20
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Hao X, Yuan F, Cui Y, Zhang M. Oocyte-secreted factor TGFB2 enables mouse cumulus cell expansion in vitro. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:554-562. [PMID: 36128893 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cumulus expansion is necessary for the release of a fertilizable oocyte from the ovary, which is critical for the normal fertilization of mammals. Cumulus expansion requires cooperation between epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factors and oocyte paracrine factors. Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are well-known paracrine factors secreted by oocytes. In addition, transforming growth factor-β2 (TGFB2) was primarily expressed in oocytes and its membrane receptors type 1 receptor (TGFBR1) and type 2 receptor (TGFBR2) were located in cumulus cells. In our present study, TGFB2 induced expansion of oocytectomized (OOX) complexes and increased the expression of expansion-related genes in the presence of EGF, suggesting that TGFB2 enables cumulus expansion. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling with SD208 blocked TGFB2-promoted cumulus expansion. Furthermore, in the culture of OOX complexes from mice of Tgfbr2-specific depletion in granulosa cells, TGFB2-promoted cumulus expansion and the expression of expansion-related genes were impaired. These results suggest that TGFB2 could induce cumulus expansion through TGFBR-SMAD2/3 signaling. Tgfb2-specific depletion in oocytes using Zp3-Cre mice had no effect on cumulus expansion in vivo, possibly due to the compensatory effect of other cumulus expansion-enabling factors. Taken together, TGFB2 is involved in expansion-related gene expression and consequent cumulus expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Hao
- Department of Physiology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China.,Division of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Yuan
- Division of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanying Cui
- Division of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meijia Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Tong Y, Cao Y, Jin T, Huang Z, He Q, Mao M. Role of Interleukin-1 family in bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:951167. [PMID: 36237303 PMCID: PMC9552844 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.951167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most fatal diseases in male patients with high bone metastatic potential. Bone metastasis severely shortens overall survival and brings skeletal-related events (SREs) which reduces the life quality of patients, and this situation is currently regarded as irreversible and incurable. The progression and metastasis of PCa are found to be closely associated with inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. As pivotal members of inflammatory cytokines, Interleukin-1 (IL-1) family plays a crucial role in this process. Elevated expression of IL-1 family was detected in PCa patients with bone metastasis, and accumulating evidences proved that IL-1 family could exert vital effects on the progression and bone metastasis of many cancers, while some members have dual effects. In this review, we discuss the role of IL-1 family in the bone metastasis of PCa. Furthermore, we demonstrate that many members of IL-1 family could act as pivotal biomarkers to predict the clinical stage and prognosis of PCa patients. More importantly, we have elucidated the role of IL-1 family in the bone metastasis of PCa, which could provide potential targets for the treatment of PCa bone metastasis and probable directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Tong
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghao Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhe Jin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinyuan He
- Organization Department, Suzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Min Mao,
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22
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Chirgwin J. Meet the Editorial Board Member. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/187152062215220609142119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Chirgwin
- Indiana University School of Medicine
Indianapolis, IN
USA
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23
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Lian GY, Wan Y, Mak TSK, Wang QM, Zhang J, Chen J, Wang ZY, Li M, Tang PMK, Huang XR, Lee CS, Yu XQ, Lan HY. Self-carried nanodrug (SCND-SIS3): A targeted therapy for lung cancer with superior biocompatibility and immune boosting effects. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121730. [PMID: 35995622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a well-known key mediator for the progression and metastasis of lung carcinoma. However, cost-effective anti-TGF-β therapeutics for lung cancer remain to be explored. Specifically, the low efficacy in drug delivery greatly limits the clinical application of small molecular inhibitors of TGF-β. In the present study, specific inhibitor of Smad3 (SIS3) is developed into a self-carried nanodrug (SCND-SIS3) using the reprecipitation method, which largely improves its solubility and bioavailability while reduces its nephrotoxicity. Compared to unmodified-SIS3, SCND-SIS3 demonstrates better anti-cancer effects through inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, and boosting NK cell-mediated immune responses in syngeneic Lewis Lung Cancer (LLC) mouse model. Better still, it could achieve comparable anti-cancer effect with just one-fifth the dose of unmodified-SIS3. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing analysis and cytokine array results unveil a TGF-β/Smad3-dependent immunoregulatory landscape in NK cells. In particular, SCND-SIS3 promotes NK cell cytotoxicity by ameliorating Smad3-mediated transcriptional inhibition of Ndrg1. Furthermore, improved NK cell cytotoxicity by SCND-SIS3 is associated with higher expression of activation receptor Nkp46, and suppressed levels of Trib3 and TSP1 as compared with unmodified-SIS3. Taken together, SCND-SIS3 possesses superior anti-cancer effects with enhanced bioavailability and biocompatibility, therefore representing as a novel therapeutic strategy for lung carcinoma with promising clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yu Lian
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingpeng Wan
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Thomas Shiu-Kwong Mak
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qing-Ming Wang
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiaoyi Chen
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Xue-Qing Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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24
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He Y, Xu W, Xiao YT, Huang H, Gu D, Ren S. Targeting signaling pathways in prostate cancer: mechanisms and clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:198. [PMID: 35750683 PMCID: PMC9232569 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) affects millions of men globally. Due to advances in understanding genomic landscapes and biological functions, the treatment of PCa continues to improve. Recently, various new classes of agents, which include next-generation androgen receptor (AR) signaling inhibitors (abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide), bone-targeting agents (radium-223 chloride, zoledronic acid), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (olaparib, rucaparib, and talazoparib) have been developed to treat PCa. Agents targeting other signaling pathways, including cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4/6, Ak strain transforming (AKT), wingless-type protein (WNT), and epigenetic marks, have successively entered clinical trials. Furthermore, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting agents such as 177Lu-PSMA-617 are promising theranostics that could improve both diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy. Advanced clinical studies with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown limited benefits in PCa, whereas subgroups of PCa with mismatch repair (MMR) or CDK12 inactivation may benefit from ICIs treatment. In this review, we summarized the targeted agents of PCa in clinical trials and their underlying mechanisms, and further discussed their limitations and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundong He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Tian Xiao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Huang
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Di Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shancheng Ren
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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25
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AGO-RBP crosstalk on target mRNAs: Implications in miRNA-guided gene silencing and cancer. Transl Oncol 2022; 21:101434. [PMID: 35477066 PMCID: PMC9136600 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are important regulators of mRNA translation and stability in eukaryotes. While miRNAs can only bind their target mRNAs in association with Argonaute proteins (AGOs), RBPs directly bind their targets either as single entities or in complex with other RBPs to control mRNA metabolism. miRNA binding in 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) of mRNAs facilitates an intricate network of interactions between miRNA-AGO and RBPs, thus determining the fate of overlapping targets. Here, we review the current knowledge on the interplay between miRNA-AGO and multiple RBPs in different cellular contexts, the rules underlying their synergism and antagonism on target mRNAs, as well as highlight the implications of these regulatory modules in cancer initiation and progression.
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26
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PMEPA1 Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Cervical Cancer. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:4510462. [PMID: 35497877 PMCID: PMC9045981 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4510462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated that Prostate transmembrane protein androgen induced 1 (PMEPA1) plays crucial roles in the carcinogenesis of many developing human tumors. However, the clinical significance of PMEPA1 expression in cervical cancer (CC) and its contribution to cancer immunity have not been investigated. In this study, we identified PMEPA1 as a survival-related gene in CC based on TCGA datasets. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that PMEPA1 expression was an independent predictor for overall survival in CC patients. We could observe a strong negative correlation between PMEPA1 expression and PMEPA1 methylation. Two CpG sites of PMEPA1 were associated with overall survival, and one CpG site of PMEPA1 was associated with progression-free survival. The low level of PMEPA1 methylation was associated with advanced clinical stage of CC patients. KEGG assays revealed the genes associated with PMEPA1 expression were mainly enriched in several tumor-related pathways. Increased PMEPA1 expressions were observed to be positively related to high immune infiltration levels in several immune cells. Finally, the pan-cancer assays revealed that PMEPA1 expression was associated with the overall survival of UVM, PAAD, LUSC, BLCA, CESC, and LUAD. Taken together, PMEPA1 is a prognosis-related biomarker for multiple cancer types, especially CC. PMEPA1 is involved in tumor immunity, suggesting PMEPA1 may be a potential immunotherapeutic target in CC.
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27
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Giridharan M, Rupani V, Banerjee S. Signaling Pathways and Targeted Therapies for Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:193-206. [PMID: 35434534 PMCID: PMC9003388 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among men, and the current statistics show that it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men. Over the years, research in PCa treatment and therapies has made many advances. Despite these efforts, the standardized therapies such as radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and surgery are not considered completely effective in treating advanced and metastatic PCa. In most situations, fast-dividing tumor cells are targeted, leaving behind relatively slowly dividing, chemoresistant cells known as cancer stem cells. Therefore, following the seemingly successful treatments, the lingering quiescent cancer stem cells are able to renew themselves, undergo differentiation into mature tumor cells, and sufficiently reinitiate the disease, leading to cancer relapse. Thus, prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) have been reported to play a vital role in controlling the dynamics of tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance to therapies in PCa. However, the complete knowledge on the mechanisms regulating the stemness of PCSCs is still unclear. Thus, studying the stemness of PCSCs will allow for the development of more effective cancer therapies due to the durable response, resulting in a reduction in recurrences of cancer. In this Review, we will specifically describe the molecular mechanisms responsible for regulating the stemness of PCSCs. Furthermore, current developments in stem cell-specific therapeutic approaches along with future prospects will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuvanthi Giridharan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasu Rupani
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
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28
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Bramel EE, Creamer TJ, Saqib M, Camejo Nunez WA, Bagirzadeh R, Roker LA, Goff LA, MacFarlane EG. Postnatal Smad3 Inactivation in Murine Smooth Muscle Cells Elicits a Temporally and Regionally Distinct Transcriptional Response. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:826495. [PMID: 35463747 PMCID: PMC9033237 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.826495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous, loss of function mutations in positive regulators of the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) pathway cause hereditary forms of thoracic aortic aneurysm. It is unclear whether and how the initial signaling deficiency triggers secondary signaling upregulation in the remaining functional branches of the pathway, and if this contributes to maladaptive vascular remodeling. To examine this process in a mouse model in which time-controlled, partial interference with postnatal TGF-β signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) could be assessed, we used a VSMC-specific tamoxifen-inducible system, and a conditional allele, to inactivate Smad3 at 6 weeks of age, after completion of perinatal aortic development. This intervention induced dilation and histological abnormalities in the aortic root, with minor involvement of the ascending aorta. To analyze early and late events associated with disease progression, we performed a comparative single cell transcriptomic analysis at 10- and 18-weeks post-deletion, when aortic dilation is undetectable and moderate, respectively. At the early time-point, Smad3-inactivation resulted in a broad reduction in the expression of extracellular matrix components and critical components of focal adhesions, including integrins and anchoring proteins, which was reflected histologically by loss of connections between VSMCs and elastic lamellae. At the later time point, however, expression of several transcripts belonging to the same functional categories was normalized or even upregulated; this occurred in association with upregulation of transcripts coding for TGF-β ligands, and persistent downregulation of negative regulators of the pathway. To interrogate how VSMC heterogeneity may influence this transition, we examined transcriptional changes in each of the four VSMC subclusters identified, regardless of genotype, as partly reflecting the proximal-to-distal anatomic location based on in situ RNA hybridization. The response to Smad3-deficiency varied depending on subset, and VSMC subsets over-represented in the aortic root, the site most vulnerable to dilation, most prominently upregulated TGF-β ligands and pro-pathogenic factors such as thrombospondin-1, angiotensin converting enzyme, and pro-inflammatory mediators. These data suggest that Smad3 is required for maintenance of focal adhesions, and that loss of contacts with the extracellular matrix has consequences specific to each VSMC subset, possibly contributing to the regional susceptibility to dilation in the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Bramel
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Predoctoral Training in Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tyler J. Creamer
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Muzna Saqib
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wendy A. Camejo Nunez
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Predoctoral Training in Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rustam Bagirzadeh
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - LaToya Ann Roker
- School of Medicine Microscope Facility, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Loyal A. Goff
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Elena Gallo MacFarlane
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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29
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Lee JH, Song J, Kim IG, You G, Kim H, Ahn JH, Mok H. Exosome-mediated delivery of transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 kinase inhibitors and toll-like receptor 7/8 agonists for combination therapy of tumors. Acta Biomater 2022; 141:354-363. [PMID: 35007784 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, combination therapy with the transforming growth factor-β receptor I (TGFβRI) kinase inhibitor SD-208 and a toll-like receptor (TLR)-7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) was examined along with serum-derived exosomes (EXOs) as versatile carriers. SD-208-encapsulated EXOs (SD-208/EXOs) and R848-encapsulated EXOs (R848/EXOs) were successfully prepared with a size of 87 ± 8 nm and 51 ± 4 nm, respectively, which were stable in aqueous solution at pH 7.4. SD-208/EXOs and R848/EXOs reduced the migration of cancer cells (B16F10 and PC-3) and triggered the release of proinflammatory cytokines from stimulated macrophages and dendritic cells, respectively. The fluorescent dye-labeled EXOs showed significantly improved penetration through the PC-3/fibroblast co-culture spheroids and enhanced accumulation in the B16F10 mouse tumor model compared with the free fluorescent dye. In addition, the combination therapy of R848/EXOs (R848 dose of 0.36 mg/kg) and SD-208/EXOs (SD-208 dose of 0.75 mg/kg) reduced tumor growth and improved survival rate at low doses in the B16F10 tumor xenograft model. Taken together, the combination therapy using the TGFβRI kinase inhibitor and TLR 7/8 agonist with EXOs may serve as a promising strategy to treat melanoma and prostate cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Owing to the prevalence of several non-responding cancers that resist treatment, it is necessary to identify a novel combined treatment strategy with biomaterials to maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize the undesirable side effects. In this study, we aimed to examine the use of the TGFβRI kinase inhibitor SD-208 and the TLR7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) encapsulated within serum-derived EXOs for their synergistic antitumor effects. We first demonstrated that combined treatment with SD-208 and R848 can be a convincing strategy to circumvent tumor growth in vivo using serum-derived exosomes as promising carriers. Therefore, we believe this manuscript would be of great interest to the biomaterial communities especially who are studying immunotherapy.
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30
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Wang J, Du X, Wang X, Xiao H, Jing N, Xue W, Dong B, Gao WQ, Fang YX. Tumor-derived miR-378a-3p-containing extracellular vesicles promote osteolysis by activating the Dyrk1a/Nfatc1/Angptl2 axis for bone metastasis. Cancer Lett 2022; 526:76-90. [PMID: 34801597 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Most prostate cancer (PCa)-related deaths are caused by progression to bone metastasis. Recently, the importance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in pre-metastatic niche formation has been reported. However, whether and how tumor-derived EVs interact with bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) to release EV-delivered microRNAs to promote osteolysis and induce pre-metastatic niche formation for PCa bone metastasis remain unclear. Our in vitro and in vivo functional and mechanistic assays revealed that EV-mediated release of miR-378a-3p from tumor cells was upregulated in bone-metastatic PCa, maintaining low intracellular miR-378a-3p concentration to promote proliferation and MAOA-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, miR-378a-3p enrichment in tumor-derived EVs was induced by hnRNPA2B1 (a transfer chaperone) overexpression. After tumor-derived EVs were taken in by BMMs, enriched miR-378a-3p promoted osteolytic progression by inhibiting Dyrk1a to improve Nfatc1 (an osteolysis-related transcription factor) nuclear translocation, to activate the expression of downstream target gene Angptl2. As a feedback, increased Angptl2 secretion into the tumor environment promoted PCa progression. In conclusion, tumor-derived miR-378a-3p-containing EVs play a significant role in PCa bone metastasis by activating the Dyrk1a/Nfatc1/Angptl2 axis in BMMs to induce osteolytic progression, making miR-378a-3p a potential predictor of metastatic PCa. Reducing the release of miR-378a-3p-containing EVs or inhibiting the recruitment of miR-378a-3p into EVs can be a therapeutic strategy against PCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xinxing Du
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Huixiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Nan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yu-Xiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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31
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Sethakorn N, Heninger E, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Ding AB, Yada RC, Kerr SC, Kosoff D, Beebe DJ, Lang JM. Advancing Treatment of Bone Metastases through Novel Translational Approaches Targeting the Bone Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:757. [PMID: 35159026 PMCID: PMC8833657 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases represent a lethal condition that frequently occurs in solid tumors such as prostate, breast, lung, and renal cell carcinomas, and increase the risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) including pain, pathologic fractures, and spinal cord compression. This unique metastatic niche consists of a multicellular complex that cancer cells co-opt to engender bone remodeling, immune suppression, and stromal-mediated therapeutic resistance. This review comprehensively discusses clinical challenges of bone metastases, novel preclinical models of the bone and bone marrow microenviroment, and crucial signaling pathways active in bone homeostasis and metastatic niche. These studies establish the context to summarize the current state of investigational agents targeting BM, and approaches to improve BM-targeting therapies. Finally, we discuss opportunities to advance research in bone and bone marrow microenvironments by increasing complexity of humanized preclinical models and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations to translational research in this challenging metastatic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sethakorn
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Erika Heninger
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Adeline B. Ding
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Ravi Chandra Yada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Sheena C. Kerr
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - David Kosoff
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - David J. Beebe
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Joshua M. Lang
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
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32
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Satcher RL, Zhang XHF. Evolving cancer-niche interactions and therapeutic targets during bone metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:85-101. [PMID: 34611349 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00406-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many cancer types metastasize to bone. This propensity may be a product of genetic traits of the primary tumour in some cancers. Upon arrival, cancer cells establish interactions with various bone-resident cells during the process of colonization. These interactions, to a large degree, dictate cancer cell fates at multiple steps of the metastatic cascade, from single cells to overt metastases. The bone microenvironment may even influence cancer cells to subsequently spread to multiple other organs. Therefore, it is imperative to spatiotemporally delineate the evolving cancer-bone crosstalk during bone colonization. In this Review, we provide a summary of the bone microenvironment and its impact on bone metastasis. On the basis of the microscopic anatomy, we tentatively define a roadmap of the journey of cancer cells through bone relative to various microenvironment components, including the potential of bone to function as a launch pad for secondary metastasis. Finally, we examine common and distinct features of bone metastasis from various cancer types. Our goal is to stimulate future studies leading to the development of a broader scope of potent therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Satcher
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiang H-F Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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33
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Sun CY, Mi YY, Ge SY, Hu QF, Xu K, Guo YJ, Tan YF, Zhang Y, Zhong F, Xia GW. Tumor- and Osteoblast-Derived Periostin in Prostate Cancer bone Metastases. Front Oncol 2022; 11:795712. [PMID: 35087756 PMCID: PMC8787093 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.795712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring the biological function of periostin (POSTN) in prostate cancer (PCa) bone metastasis is of importance. It was observed that the expression of POSTN was high in PCa, especially highest in PCa metastasized to bone. In this study, we found that inhibiting POSTN in PCa cells could significantly alleviate PCa bone metastasis in vivo, suggesting POSTN is a promising therapeutic target. Since, due to the secreted expression of POSTN in osteoblasts and PCa, we hypothesized the positive feedback loop between osteoblasts and PCa mediated by POSTN in PCa bone metastasis. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that osteoblast-derived POSTN promoted PCa cell proliferation and invasion and PCa cell-derived POSTN promotes proliferation of osteoblasts. Furthermore, we found that POSTN regulated PCa and osteoblast function through integrin receptors. Finally, 18F-Alfatide II was used as the molecule probe of integrin αvβ3 in PET-CT, revealing high intake in metastatic lesions. Our findings together indicate that targeting POSTN in PCa cells as well as in the osteoblastic may be an effective treatment for PCa bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yu Sun
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Mi
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sheng-Yang Ge
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Feng Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jun Guo
- Department of Urology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Fan Tan
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Zhong
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Wei Xia
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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34
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GDF15 promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis and colonization through osteoblastic CCL2 and RANKL activation. Bone Res 2022; 10:6. [PMID: 35058441 PMCID: PMC8776828 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases occur in patients with advanced-stage prostate cancer (PCa). The cell-cell interaction between PCa and the bone microenvironment forms a vicious cycle that modulates the bone microenvironment, increases bone deformities, and drives tumor growth in the bone. However, the molecular mechanisms of PCa-mediated modulation of the bone microenvironment are complex and remain poorly defined. Here, we evaluated growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) function using in vivo preclinical PCa-bone metastasis mouse models and an in vitro bone cell coculture system. Our results suggest that PCa-secreted GDF15 promotes bone metastases and induces bone microarchitectural alterations in a preclinical xenograft model. Mechanistic studies revealed that GDF15 increases osteoblast function and facilitates the growth of PCa in bone by activating osteoclastogenesis through osteoblastic production of CCL2 and RANKL and recruitment of osteomacs. Altogether, our findings demonstrate the critical role of GDF15 in the modulation of the bone microenvironment and subsequent development of PCa bone metastasis.
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35
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Trivedi T, Pagnotti GM, Guise TA, Mohammad KS. The Role of TGF-β in Bone Metastases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111643. [PMID: 34827641 PMCID: PMC8615596 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Complications associated with advanced cancer are a major clinical challenge and, if associated with bone metastases, worsen the prognosis and compromise the survival of the patients. Breast and prostate cancer cells exhibit a high propensity to metastasize to bone. The bone microenvironment is unique, providing fertile soil for cancer cell propagation, while mineralized bone matrices store potent growth factors and cytokines. Biologically active transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), one of the most abundant growth factors, is released following tumor-induced osteoclastic bone resorption. TGF-β promotes tumor cell secretion of factors that accelerate bone loss and fuel tumor cells to colonize. Thus, TGF-β is critical for driving the feed-forward vicious cycle of tumor growth in bone. Further, TGF-β promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increasing cell invasiveness, angiogenesis, and metastatic progression. Emerging evidence shows TGF-β suppresses immune responses, enabling opportunistic cancer cells to escape immune checkpoints and promote bone metastases. Blocking TGF-β signaling pathways could disrupt the vicious cycle, revert EMT, and enhance immune response. However, TGF-β’s dual role as both tumor suppressor and enhancer presents a significant challenge in developing therapeutics that target TGF-β signaling. This review presents TGF-β’s role in cancer progression and bone metastases, while highlighting current perspectives on the therapeutic potential of targeting TGF-β pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Trivedi
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.T.); (G.M.P.); (T.A.G.)
| | - Gabriel M. Pagnotti
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.T.); (G.M.P.); (T.A.G.)
| | - Theresa A. Guise
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.T.); (G.M.P.); (T.A.G.)
| | - Khalid S. Mohammad
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.T.); (G.M.P.); (T.A.G.)
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-546810335
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36
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Hawley JR, Zhou S, Arlidge C, Grillo G, Kron KJ, Hugh-White R, van der Kwast TH, Fraser M, Boutros PC, Bristow RG, Lupien M. Reorganization of the 3D genome pinpoints non-coding drivers of primary prostate tumors. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5833-5848. [PMID: 34642184 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease whose progression is linked to genome instability. However, the impact of this instability on the non-coding genome and its three-dimensional organization to aid progression is unclear. Using primary benign and tumor tissue, we find a high concordance in higher order three-dimensional genome organization. This concordance argues for constraints to the topology of prostate tumor genomes. Nonetheless, we identified changes in focal chromatin interactions, typical of loops bridging non-coding cis-regulatory elements, and showed how structural variants can induce these changes to guide cis-regulatory element hijacking. Such events resulted in opposing differential expression of genes found at antipodes of rearrangements. Collectively, these results argue that changes to focal chromatin interactions, as opposed to higher order genome organization, allow for aberrant gene regulation and are repeatedly mediated by structural variants in primary prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Hawley
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Center-University Health Network, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research
| | - Stanley Zhou
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Center-University Health Network, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research
| | | | - Giacomo Grillo
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Center-University Health Network, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mathieu Lupien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network
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37
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Wang Y, Wu N, Jiang N. Autophagy provides a conceptual therapeutic framework for bone metastasis from prostate cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:909. [PMID: 34611139 PMCID: PMC8492756 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor, which can spread to multiple organs in the body. Metastatic disease is the dominant reason of death for patients with prostate cancer. Prostate cancer usually transfers to bone. Bone metastases are related to pathologic fracture, pain, and reduced survival. There are many known targets for prostate cancer treatment, including androgen receptor (AR) axis, but drug resistance and metastasis eventually develop in advanced disease, suggesting the necessity to better understand the resistance mechanisms and consider multi-target medical treatment. Because of the limitations of approved treatments, further research into other potential targets is necessary. Metastasis is an important marker of cancer development, involving numerous factors, such as AKT, EMT, ECM, tumor angiogenesis, the development of inflammatory tumor microenvironment, and defect in programmed cell death. In tumor metastasis, programmed cell death (autophagy, apoptosis, and necroptosis) plays a key role. Malignant cancer cells have to overcome the different forms of cell death to transfer. The article sums up the recent studies on the mechanism of bone metastasis involving key regulatory factors such as macrophages and AKT and further discusses as to how regulating autophagy is crucial in relieving prostate cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- YouZhi Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Wu
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, 300060, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China.
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38
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Ioannidou E, Moschetta M, Shah S, Parker JS, Ozturk MA, Pappas-Gogos G, Sheriff M, Rassy E, Boussios S. Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189926. [PMID: 34576107 PMCID: PMC8472415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Many therapeutic advances over the last two decades have led to an improvement in the survival of patients with metastatic PC, yet the majority of these patients still succumb to their disease. Antiagiogenic therapies have shown substantial benefits for many types of cancer but only a marginal benefit for PC. Ongoing clinical trials investigate antiangiogenic monotherapies or combination therapies. Despite the important role of angiogenesis in PC, clinical trials in refractory castration-resistant PC (CRPC) have demonstrated increased toxicity with no clinical benefit. A better understanding of the mechanism of angiogenesis may help to understand the failure of trials, possibly leading to the development of new targeted anti-angiogenic therapies in PC. These could include the identification of specific subsets of patients who might benefit from these therapeutic strategies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the pathways involved in the angiogenesis, the chemotherapeutic agents with antiangiogenic activity, the available studies on anti-angiogenic agents and the potential mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Ioannidou
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Rd., London SW10 9NH, UK;
| | - Michele Moschetta
- CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 21, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Sidrah Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent ME7 5NY, UK; (S.S.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Jack Steven Parker
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent ME7 5NY, UK; (S.S.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Mehmet Akif Ozturk
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sisli Memorial Hospital, Kaptan Paşa Mah. Piyale Paşa Bulv., Okmeydanı Cd. 4, Istanbul 34384, Turkey;
| | - George Pappas-Gogos
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45111 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Matin Sheriff
- Department of Urology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent ME7 5NY, UK;
| | - Elie Rassy
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Institut, 94805 Villejuif, France;
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent ME7 5NY, UK; (S.S.); (J.S.P.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: or
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39
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Moon HH, Clines KL, O'Day PJ, Al-Barghouthi BM, Farber EA, Farber CR, Auchus RJ, Clines GA. Osteoblasts Generate Testosterone From DHEA and Activate Androgen Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1566-1579. [PMID: 33900658 PMCID: PMC8565089 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a complication of prostate cancer in up to 90% of men afflicted with advanced disease. Therapies that reduce androgen exposure remain at the forefront of treatment. However, most prostate cancers transition to a state whereby reducing testicular androgen action becomes ineffective. A common mechanism of this transition is intratumoral production of testosterone (T) using the adrenal androgen precursor dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) through enzymatic conversion by 3β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3βHSD and 17βHSD). Given the ability of prostate cancer to form blastic metastases in bone, we hypothesized that osteoblasts might be a source of androgen synthesis. RNA expression analyses of murine osteoblasts and human bone confirmed that at least one 3βHSD and 17βHSD enzyme isoform was expressed, suggesting that osteoblasts are capable of generating androgens from adrenal DHEA. Murine osteoblasts were treated with 100 nM and 1 μM DHEA or vehicle control. Conditioned media from these osteoblasts were assayed for intermediate and active androgens by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. As DHEA was consumed, the androgen intermediates androstenediol and androstenedione were generated and subsequently converted to T. Conditioned media of DHEA-treated osteoblasts increased androgen receptor (AR) signaling, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) production, and cell numbers of the androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines C4-2B and LNCaP. DHEA did not induce AR signaling in osteoblasts despite AR expression in this cell type. We describe an unreported function of osteoblasts as a source of T that is especially relevant during androgen-responsive metastatic prostate cancer invasion into bone. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katrina L Clines
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patrick J O'Day
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Emily A Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Charles R Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Departments of Public Health Sciences, and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Richard J Auchus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Endocrinology & Metabolism Section, Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gregory A Clines
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Endocrinology & Metabolism Section, Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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40
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Yamahana H, Terashima M, Takatsuka R, Asada C, Suzuki T, Uto Y, Takino T. TGF-β1 facilitates MT1-MMP-mediated proMMP-9 activation and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 27:101072. [PMID: 34381878 PMCID: PMC8339144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, also known as gelatinases or type IV collagenases, are recognized as major contributors to the proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix during tumor invasion. Latent MMP-2 (proMMP-2) is activated by membrane type 1 MMP (MT1-MMP) on the cell surface of tumor cells. We previously reported that cell-bound proMMP-9 is activated by the MT1-MMP/MMP-2 axis in HT1080 cells treated with concanavalin A in the presence of exogenous proMMP-2. However, the regulatory mechanism of proMMP-9 activation remains largely unknown. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is frequently overexpressed in tumor tissues and is associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. In this study, we examined the role of TGF-β1 on MT1-MMP-mediated proMMP-9 activation using human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. TGF-β1 significantly increased the expression of MMP-9. By adding exogenous proMMP-2, TGF-β1-induced proMMP-9 was activated during collagen gel culture, which was suppressed by the inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling or MT1-MMP activity. This MT1-MMP-mediated proMMP-9 activation was needed to facilitate TGF-β1-induced cell invasion into collagen gel. Thus, TGF-β1 may facilitate MT1-MMP-mediated MMP-9 activation and thereby stimulate invasion of tumor cells in collaboration with MT1-MMP and MMP-2.
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Key Words
- ADAM, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase
- Con A, concanavalin A
- DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
- ECM
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- Invasion
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MMP
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MT1-MMP, membrane type-1 MMP
- OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma
- Oral cancer
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- TGF, transforming growth factor
- TGF-β1
- TIMP, tissue inhibitor of MMP
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirari Yamahana
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Minoru Terashima
- Division of Functional Genomics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Risa Takatsuka
- Division of Functional Genomics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Chikako Asada
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Division of Functional Genomics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Uto
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Takahisa Takino
- Division of Education for Global Standard, Institute of Liberal Arts and Science, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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41
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Hirata H, Xu X, Nishioka K, Matsuhisa F, Kitajima S, Kukita T, Murayama M, Urano Y, Miyamoto H, Mawatari M, Kukita A. PMEPA1 and NEDD4 control the proton production of osteoclasts by regulating vesicular trafficking. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21281. [PMID: 33484199 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001795r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclast bone resorption activity is critically regulated to maintain bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts resorb bone by producing protons and acid hydrolase via lysosomal secretion, however, a detailed mechanism remains elusive. PMEPA1 is a vesicular membrane protein, which binds to the NEDD4 family member of ubiquitin ligases. We have previously reported that Pmepa1 is highly expressed in bone resorbing osteoclasts, and regulates bone resorption. Here, we investigated the mechanism of bone resorption regulated by PMEPA1. Mutant mice lacking NEDD4-binding domains of PMEPA1 displayed enhanced bone volume, and reduced bone resorption activity in comparison with those of WT mice. Analysis with pH-sensitive fluorescence probe revealed that proton secretion from osteoclasts significantly decreased in Pmepa1 mutant osteoclasts. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that PMEPA1 was colocalized with NEDD4, V0A3, and V0D2 subunits of vacuolar ATPase, which regulate the proton production of osteoclasts. In addition, Nedd4 knockdown reduced bone resorption and proton secretion of osteoclasts. Furthermore, Pmepa1 mutation and Nedd4 knockdown altered the cytoplasmic distribution of components of V-ATPase and expression of autophagy-related proteins, suggesting that lysosomal secretion is affected. Collectively, these findings indicate that PMEPA1 controls proton secretion from osteoclasts via NEDD4 by regulating vesicular trafficking, and NEDD4 is an important regulator of bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Xianghe Xu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nishioka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Musashimurayama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Matsuhisa
- Division of Biological Resources and Development, Analytical Research Center for Experimental Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shuji Kitajima
- Division of Biological Resources and Development, Analytical Research Center for Experimental Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Toshio Kukita
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Murayama
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Department of Chemical Biology & Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemistry & Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mawatari
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Akiko Kukita
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Wu CH, Chen CH, Hsieh PF, Lee YH, Kuo WWT, Wu RCY, Hung CH, Yang YL, Lin VC. Verbascoside inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of prostate cancer cells through high-mobility group box 1/receptor for advanced glycation end-products/TGF-β pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1080-1089. [PMID: 33522686 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer has significant mortality and metastasis rate in the male. Unfortunately, effective treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer is still lacking. Verbascoside, a phenylethanoid glycoside, displays various pharmacological properties, such as the anti-cancer activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of purified verbascoside on human prostate cancer and the associated molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human prostate cancer cell lines, Du-145 and PC-3, were treated with various concentrations of verbascoside (0.1, 1, 10 μM) for 24 h followed by the examination of cell viability using MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. Cell migration and invasion capacities were assessed by wound healing assay and transwell system. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated factors, components of transforming growth factor (TGF-β)/Smad signaling, and high-mobility group box (HMGB)/receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) axis. RESULTS Verbascoside treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of Du-145 and PC-3 cells. We showed that verbascoside decreased the expression of EMT promotors, Snail and Slug, and increased the expression of E-cadherin. Moreover, the expression level of alpha-smooth muscle actin was downregulated by verbascoside as well. Besides, we found that the TGF-β pathway was suppressed, which was demonstrated by the diminished expression of type I and II TGF-β receptors and phosphorylated Smad2/3 along with the upregulated Smad7. Our data suggested that this downregulation of TGF-β signaling was mediated by repression of HMGB 1 (HMGB1)/RAGE axis. CONCLUSION Verbascoside mitigated the cell proliferation and aggressiveness of prostate cancer via downregulation of TGF-β-associated EMT progression through HMGB1/RAGE suppression. Collectively, our findings revealed that verbascoside may be a beneficial dietary supplement for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsien Wu
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsien Chen
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Hsieh
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung-Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsi Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wade Wei-Ting Kuo
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Richard Chen-Yu Wu
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung-Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chung-Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Victor C Lin
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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CSDE1 attenuates microRNA-mediated silencing of PMEPA1 in melanoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:3231-3244. [PMID: 33833398 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) primarily target the 3' UTR of mRNAs to control their translation and stability. However, their co-regulatory effects on specific mRNAs in physiology and disease are yet to be fully explored. CSDE1 is an RBP that promotes metastasis in melanoma and mechanisms underlying its oncogenic activities need to be completely defined. Here we report that CSDE1 interacts with specific miRNA-induced silencing complexes (miRISC) in melanoma. We find an association of CSDE1 with AGO2, the essential component of miRISC, which is facilitated by target mRNAs and depends on the first cold shock domain of CSDE1. Both CSDE1 and AGO2 bind to 3' UTR of PMEPA1. CSDE1 counters AGO2 binding, leading to an increase of PMEPA1 expression. We also identify a miRNA, miR-129-5p, that represses PMEPA1 expression in melanoma. Collectively, our results show that PMEPA1 promotes tumorigenic traits and that CSDE1 along with miR-129-5p/AGO2 miRISC act antagonistically to fine-tune PMEPA1 expression toward the progression of melanoma.
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Wang B, Zhong JL, Li HZ, Wu B, Sun DF, Jiang N, Shang J, Chen YF, Xu XH, Lu HD. Diagnostic and therapeutic values of PMEPA1 and its correlation with tumor immunity in pan-cancer. Life Sci 2021; 277:119452. [PMID: 33831430 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The prostate transmembrane protein, androgen induced 1 (PMEPA1) is differentially expressed in pan-cancer. However, PMEPA1 specific role in cancers has not been fully clarified. This study aims to explore the potential role of Pmepa1 in pan-cancer and specific cancer, with a view to deepening the research on the pathological mechanism of cancer. MAIN METHODS The Perl language and R language were used to identify the correlation between PMEPA1 expression level and clinical indicators, prognosis values, tumor microenvironment, immune cells' infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, TMB and MSI. The Therapeutic Target Database was used for identifying potential therapeutic drugs that target the pathways that are significantly affected by PMEPA1 expression. KEY FINDINGS PMEPA1 differential expression significantly correlated with patients' age, race, tumors' stage and status. PMEPA1 high expression was closely correlated with poor prognosis in many cancer types, excluding prostate adenocarcinoma. PMEPA1 expression was closely related to tumor cells and the immune microenvironment in stromal and immune cells' level, immune cells' infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability. We also found that the activity of the olfactory transduction pathway was closely related to PMEPA1 expression. In pan-cancer, Trifluoperazine and Halofantrine have the potential to reduce PMEPA1 expression. SIGNIFICANCE This study integrated existing data to explore PMEPA1 potential function in cancers, provided insights for the future cancer-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Long Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Zi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Di-Fang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Shang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang-He Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hua-Ding Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China.
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Li J, He Q, Wang L, Chen D, Qiu C, Xu P, Lu Y, Zeng Y, Chen R. SET knockdown attenuated phenotype modulation and calcium channel associated markers of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic mice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:657. [PMID: 33987355 PMCID: PMC8106076 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Dysfunctional phenotype modulation and calcium channels in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) are important characteristics of airway remodeling in chronic asthma. However, the mechanisms underlying these pathological processes remain unclear. SET (I2PP2A, inhibitor-2 of protein phosphatase 2A) has many significant functions and is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. This study aimed to determine the function of SET in chronic asthma. Methods BALB/c mice were sensitized by ovalbumin injection and repeated inhalation of ovalbumin. The Penh value was measured using the Buxco whole body plethysmography system. A short hairpin RNA of the SET gene was designed and transfected into ASMCs derived from asthmatic mice. Flow cytometry of Annexin-V/propidium iodide staining was used for evaluating cell apoptosis. Western blot was adopted to measure the expression levels of ASMCs phenotype modulation markers and calcium channel-associated proteins. Results The results showed that shRNA targeting SET significantly decreased the expression of SET, and enhanced the apoptosis of ASMCs. SET knockdown promoted the expression of contractile phenotype markers such as α-SMA (alpha smooth muscle Actin), SM-MHC (smooth muscle Myosin heavy chain), and calponin, and inhibited the expression of synthetic phenotype markers including vimentin and CD44. The expression of the calcium channel-related proteins STIM1 (Stromal interaction molecule 1) and Orai1 were also inhibited after SET knockdown. Conclusions These data demonstrated that SET participated in the development of airway dysfunction in asthma, suggesting that the silencing of SET may be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi He
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongzhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuwei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
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Zhang B, Li Y, Wu Q, Xie L, Barwick B, Fu C, Li X, Wu D, Xia S, Chen J, Qian WP, Yang L, Osunkoya AO, Boise L, Vertino PM, Zhao Y, Li M, Chen HR, Kowalski J, Kucuk O, Zhou W, Dong JT. Acetylation of KLF5 maintains EMT and tumorigenicity to cause chemoresistant bone metastasis in prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1714. [PMID: 33731701 PMCID: PMC7969754 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21976-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) often develops bone metastasis, for which therapies are very limited and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We report that bone-borne TGF-β induces the acetylation of transcription factor KLF5 in PCa bone metastases, and acetylated KLF5 (Ac-KLF5) causes osteoclastogenesis and bone metastatic lesions by activating CXCR4, which leads to IL-11 secretion, and stimulating SHH/IL-6 paracrine signaling. While essential for maintaining the mesenchymal phenotype and tumorigenicity, Ac-KLF5 also causes resistance to docetaxel in tumors and bone metastases, which is overcome by targeting CXCR4 with FDA-approved plerixafor. Establishing a mechanism for bone metastasis and chemoresistance in PCa, these findings provide a rationale for treating chemoresistant bone metastasis of PCa with inhibitors of Ac-KLF5/CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qiao Wu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Nankai University College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Benjamin Barwick
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Changying Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Nankai University College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Li
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Daqing Wu
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Siyuan Xia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Ping Qian
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lily Yang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paula M Vertino
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Menglin Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hsiao-Rong Chen
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeanne Kowalski
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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Kreps LM, Addison CL. Targeting Intercellular Communication in the Bone Microenvironment to Prevent Disseminated Tumor Cell Escape from Dormancy and Bone Metastatic Tumor Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062911. [PMID: 33805598 PMCID: PMC7998601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis to the bone is a common feature of many cancers including those of the breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and kidney. Once tumors metastasize to the bone, they are essentially incurable. Bone metastasis is a complex process involving not only intravasation of tumor cells from the primary tumor into circulation, but extravasation from circulation into the bone where they meet an environment that is generally suppressive of their growth. The bone microenvironment can inhibit the growth of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) by inducing dormancy of the DTC directly and later on following formation of a micrometastatic tumour mass by inhibiting metastatic processes including angiogenesis, bone remodeling and immunosuppressive cell functions. In this review we will highlight some of the mechanisms mediating DTC dormancy and the complex relationships which occur between tumor cells and bone resident cells in the bone metastatic microenvironment. These inter-cellular interactions may be important targets to consider for development of novel effective therapies for the prevention or treatment of bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Kreps
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Christina L. Addison
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-737-7700
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Gregg JR, Thompson TC. Considering the potential for gene-based therapy in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2021; 18:170-184. [PMID: 33637962 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic gene manipulation has been at the forefront of popular scientific discussion and basic and clinical research for decades. Basic and clinical research applications of CRISPR-Cas9-based technologies and ongoing clinical trials in this area have demonstrated the potential of genome editing to cure human disease. Evaluation of research and clinical trials in gene therapy reveals a concentration of activity in prostate cancer research and practice. Multiple aspects of prostate cancer care - including anatomical considerations that enable direct tumour injections and sampling, the availability of preclinical immune-competent models and the delineation of tumour-related antigens that might provide targets for an induced immune system - make gene therapy an appealing treatment option for this common malignancy. Vaccine-based therapies that induce an immune response and new technologies exploiting CRISPR-Cas9-assisted approaches, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies, are very promising and are currently under investigation both in the laboratory and in the clinic. Although laboratory and preclinical advances have, thus far, not led to oncologically relevant outcomes in the clinic, future studies offer great promise for gene therapy to become established in prostate cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Gregg
- Department of Urology and Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Timothy C Thompson
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Synthesis and evaluation of the epithelial-to- mesenchymal inhibitory activity of indazole-derived imidazoles as dual ALK5/p38α MAP inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 216:113311. [PMID: 33677350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Drugs of targeting both activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) and p38α have therapeutic advantages, making them attractive treatment options for tumors. Two series of 4-(1H-indazol-5-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazoles 13a-g and 4-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazoles 20a-g were synthesized and evaluated for ALK5 and p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitory activity. The most potent compound, 13c (J-1090), inhibited ALK5- and p38α-mediated phosphorylation with half-maximal inhibitor concentrations of 0.004 μM and 0.004 μM, respectively, in the enzymatic assay. In this study, the effectiveness of 13c in transforming growth factor (TGF-β)-exposed U87MG cells was investigated using western blotting, immunofluorescence assays, cell migration assay, invasion assay, and RT-PCR analysis. 13c inhibited the protein expression of Slug and the protein and RNA expression of the mesenchymal-related proteins N-cadherin and vimentin. Furthermore, 13c markedly suppressed TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion in U87MG cells. These results suggest that 13c is a novel inhibitor of ALK5 with potential utility in the treatment of human glioma.
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50
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Wang H, Wang P, Xu M, Song X, Wu H, Evert M, Calvisi DF, Zeng Y, Chen X. Distinct functions of transforming growth factor-β signaling in c-MYC driven hepatocellular carcinoma initiation and progression. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:200. [PMID: 33608500 PMCID: PMC7895828 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) signaling has been implicated in liver carcinogenesis with both tumor promoting and inhibiting activities. Activation of the c-MYC protooncogene is another critical genetic event in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the precise functional crosstalk between c-MYC and TGFβ signaling pathways remains unclear. In the present investigation, we investigated the expression of TGFβ signaling in c-MYC amplified human HCC samples as well as the mechanisms whereby TGFβ modulates c-Myc driven hepatocarcinogenesis during initiation and progression. We found that several TGFβ target genes are overexpressed in human HCCs with c-MYC amplification. In vivo, activation of TGFβ1 impaired c-Myc murine HCC initiation, whereas inhibition of TGFβ pathway accelerated this process. In contrast, overexpression of TGFβ1 enhanced c-Myc HCC progression by promoting tumor cell metastasis. Mechanistically, activation of TGFβ promoted tumor microenvironment reprogramming rather than inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition during HCC progression. Moreover, we identified PMEPA1 as a potential TGFβ1 target. Altogether, our data underline the divergent roles of TGFβ signaling during c-MYC induced HCC initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichuan Wang
- Liver Transplantation Division, Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Song
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hong Wu
- Liver Transplantation Division, Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yong Zeng
- Liver Transplantation Division, Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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