1
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Liu J, Schiralli-Lester GM, Norman R, Dean DA. Upregulation of alveolar fluid clearance is not sufficient for Na +,K +-ATPase β subunit-mediated gene therapy of LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6792. [PMID: 37100889 PMCID: PMC10130817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is characterized by diffuse alveolar damage and significant edema accumulation, which is associated with impaired alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption, leading to acute respiratory failure. Our previous data showed that electroporation-mediated gene delivery of the Na+, K+-ATPase β1 subunit not only increased AFC, but also restored alveolar barrier function through upregulation of tight junction proteins, leading to treatment of LPS-induced ALI in mice. More importantly, our recent publication showed that gene delivery of MRCKα, the downstream effector of β1 subunit-mediated signaling towards upregulation of adhesive junctions and epithelial and endothelial barrier integrity, also provided therapeutic potential for ARDS treatment in vivo but without necessarily accelerating AFC, indicating that for ARDS treatment, improving alveolar capillary barrier function may be of more benefit than improving fluid clearance. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutical potential of β2 and β3 subunits, the other two β isoforms of Na+, K+-ATPase, for LPS-induced ALI. We found that gene transfer of either the β1, β2, or β3 subunits significantly increased AFC compared to the basal level in naïve animals and each gave similar increased AFC to each other. However, unlike that of the β1 subunit, gene transfer of the β2 or β3 subunit into pre-injured animal lungs failed to show the beneficial effects of attenuated histological damage, neutrophil infiltration, overall lung edema, or increased lung permeability, indicating that β2 or β3 gene delivery could not treat LPS induced lung injury. Further, while β1 gene transfer increased levels of key tight junction proteins in the lungs of injured mice, that of either the β2 or β3 subunit had no effect on levels of tight junction proteins. Taken together, this strongly suggests that restoration of alveolar-capillary barrier function alone may be of equal or even more benefit than improving AFC for ALI/ARDS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Gillian M Schiralli-Lester
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Rosemary Norman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - David A Dean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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2
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Li G, Liu D, Zuo YY. Nano-bio Interactions in the Lung. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8984-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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3
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Nano-Bio Interactions in the Lung. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9374-7_14-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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4
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Margaroli C, Benson P, Sharma NS, Madison MC, Robison SW, Arora N, Ton K, Liang Y, Zhang L, Patel RP, Gaggar A. Spatial mapping of SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1 lung injury identifies differential transcriptional signatures. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100242. [PMID: 33778787 PMCID: PMC7985929 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection often leads to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with profound pulmonary patho-histological changes post-mortem. It is not clear whether ARDS from SARS-CoV-2 is similar to that observed in influenza H1N1, another common viral cause of lung injury. Here, we analyze specific ARDS regions of interest utilizing a spatial transcriptomic platform on autopsy-derived lung tissue from patients with SARS-CoV-2 (n = 3), H1N1 (n = 3), and a dual infected individual (n = 1). Enhanced gene signatures in alveolar epithelium, vascular tissue, and lung macrophages identify not only increased regional coagulopathy but also increased extracellular remodeling, alternative macrophage activation, and squamous metaplasia of type II pneumocytes in SARS-CoV-2. Both the H1N1 and dual-infected transcriptome demonstrated an enhanced antiviral response compared to SARS-CoV-2. Our results uncover regional transcriptional changes related to tissue damage/remodeling, altered cellular phenotype, and vascular injury active in SARS-CoV-2 and present therapeutic targets for COVID-19-related ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Margaroli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Program in Protease/Matrix Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paul Benson
- Department of Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nirmal S. Sharma
- Program in Protease/Matrix Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew C. Madison
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Program in Protease/Matrix Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sarah W. Robison
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Program in Protease/Matrix Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nitin Arora
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s Hospital of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kathy Ton
- Nanostring Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yan Liang
- Nanostring Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Nanostring Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rakesh P. Patel
- Program in Protease/Matrix Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Amit Gaggar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Program in Protease/Matrix Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
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5
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McQuattie-Pimentel AC, Ren Z, Joshi N, Watanabe S, Stoeger T, Chi M, Lu Z, Sichizya L, Aillon RP, Chen CI, Soberanes S, Chen Z, Reyfman PA, Walter JM, Anekalla KR, Davis JM, Helmin KA, Runyan CE, Abdala-Valencia H, Nam K, Meliton AY, Winter DR, Morimoto RI, Mutlu GM, Bharat A, Perlman H, Gottardi CJ, Ridge KM, Chandel NS, Sznajder JI, Balch WE, Singer BD, Misharin AV, Budinger GS. The lung microenvironment shapes a dysfunctional response of alveolar macrophages in aging. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:140299. [PMID: 33586677 PMCID: PMC7919859 DOI: 10.1172/jci140299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages orchestrate the response to viral infections. Age-related changes in these cells may underlie the differential severity of pneumonia in older patients. We performed an integrated analysis of single-cell RNA-Seq data that revealed homogenous age-related changes in the alveolar macrophage transcriptome in humans and mice. Using genetic lineage tracing with sequential injury, heterochronic adoptive transfer, and parabiosis, we found that the lung microenvironment drove an age-related resistance of alveolar macrophages to proliferation that persisted during influenza A viral infection. Ligand-receptor pair analysis localized these changes to the extracellular matrix, where hyaluronan was increased in aged animals and altered the proliferative response of bone marrow-derived macrophages to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Our findings suggest that strategies targeting the aging lung microenvironment will be necessary to restore alveolar macrophage function in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ziyou Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nikita Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas Stoeger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Monica Chi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ziyan Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lango Sichizya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Raul Piseaux Aillon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ching-I Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Saul Soberanes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhangying Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul A. Reyfman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James M. Walter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kishore R. Anekalla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn A. Helmin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Constance E. Runyan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kiwon Nam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Angelo Y. Meliton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Deborah R. Winter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard I. Morimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Gökhan M. Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ankit Bharat
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Harris Perlman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cara J. Gottardi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karen M. Ridge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacob I. Sznajder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - William E. Balch
- The Scripps Research Institute Department of Chemical Physiology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Singer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander V. Misharin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - G.R. Scott Budinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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6
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Kollisch-Singule M, Satalin J, Blair SJ, Andrews PL, Gatto LA, Nieman GF, Habashi NM. Mechanical Ventilation Lessons Learned From Alveolar Micromechanics. Front Physiol 2020; 11:233. [PMID: 32265735 PMCID: PMC7105828 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality associated with lung injury remains disappointingly unchanged over the last two decades, in part due to the current reliance on lung macro-parameters set on the ventilator instead of considering the micro-environment and the response of the alveoli and alveolar ducts to ventilator adjustments. The response of alveoli and alveolar ducts to mechanical ventilation modes cannot be predicted with current bedside methods of assessment including lung compliance, oxygenation, and pressure-volume curves. Alveolar tidal volumes (Vt) are less determined by the Vt set on the mechanical ventilator and more dependent on the number of recruited alveoli available to accommodate that Vt and their heterogeneous mechanical properties, such that high lung Vt can lead to a low alveolar Vt and low Vt can lead to high alveolar Vt. The degree of alveolar heterogeneity that exists cannot be predicted based on lung calculations that average the individual alveolar Vt and compliance. Finally, the importance of time in promoting alveolar stability, specifically the inspiratory and expiratory times set on the ventilator, are currently under-appreciated. In order to improve outcomes related to lung injury, the respiratory physiology of the individual patient, specifically at the level of the alveolus, must be targeted. With experimental data, this review highlights some of the known mechanical ventilation adjustments that are helpful or harmful at the level of the alveolus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua Satalin
- Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Sarah J. Blair
- Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Penny L. Andrews
- Department of Critical Care, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Louis A. Gatto
- Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Cortland, Cortland, NY, United States
| | - Gary F. Nieman
- Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Nader M. Habashi
- Department of Critical Care, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
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7
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Liu L, Zhou X, Shetty S, Hou G, Wang Q, Fu J. HDAC6 inhibition blocks inflammatory signaling and caspase-1 activation in LPS-induced acute lung injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 370:178-183. [PMID: 30910594 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6 is a member of the class II histone deacetylase. HDAC6 inhibition possesses anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of HDAC6 inhibition in acute lung inflammation have not been studied. Here, we investigated the effects of a highly selective and potent HDAC6 inhibitor CAY10603 in LPS-induced acute inflammatory lung injury. We also conducted a series of experiments including immunoblotting, ELISA, and histological assays to explore the inflammatory signaling pathways modulated by the selective HDAC6 inhibition. We observed that HDAC6 activity was increased in the lung tissues after LPS challenge, which was associated with a decreased level of ɑ-tubulin acetylation in the lung tissues. HDAC6 inhibition by CAY10603 prevented LPS-induced ɑ-tubulin deacetylation in the lung tissues. HDAC6 inhibition also exhibited protective effects against LPS-induced acute lung inflammation, which was demonstrated by the reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and decreased leukocyte infiltration. Furthermore, HDAC6 inhibition blocked the decrease of E-cadherin level and inhibited the increase of MMP9 expression in the lung tissues, which could prevent the destruction of the lung architecture in LPS-induced inflammatory injury. Given the important roles of NFĸB and inflammasome activation in inflammatory responses, we investigated their regulation by HDAC6 inhibition in LPS-induced lung injury. Our results showed that HDAC6 inhibition blocked the activation of NFĸB by inhibiting IĸB phosphorylation in LPS-induced acute lung injury, and LPS-induced-inflammasome activity was reduced by HDAC6 inhibition as demonstrated by the decreased IL-1β and caspase-1 cleavage and activation. Collectively, our data suggest that selective HDAC6 inhibition suppresses inflammatory signaling pathways and alleviates LPS-induced acute lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sreerama Shetty
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Gang Hou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Jian Fu
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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8
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Lierova A, Jelicova M, Nemcova M, Proksova M, Pejchal J, Zarybnicka L, Sinkorova Z. Cytokines and radiation-induced pulmonary injuries. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2018; 59:709-753. [PMID: 30169853 PMCID: PMC6251431 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rry067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the most common treatment strategies for thorax malignancies. One of the considerable limitations of this therapy is its toxicity to normal tissue. The lung is the major dose-limiting organ for radiotherapy. That is because ionizing radiation produces reactive oxygen species that induce lesions, and not only is tumor tissue damaged, but overwhelming inflammatory lung damage can occur in the alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium. This damage may result in radiation-induced pneumonitis and/or fibrosis. While describing the lung response to irradiation generally, the main focus of this review is on cytokines and their roles and functions within the individual stages. We discuss the relationship between radiation and cytokines and their direct and indirect effects on the formation and development of radiation injuries. Although this topic has been intensively studied and discussed for years, we still do not completely understand the roles of cytokines. Experimental data on cytokine involvement are fragmented across a large number of experimental studies; hence, the need for this review of the current knowledge. Cytokines are considered not only as molecular factors involved in the signaling network in pathological processes, but also for their diagnostic potential. A concentrated effort has been made to identify the significant immune system proteins showing positive correlation between serum levels and tissue damages. Elucidating the correlations between the extent and nature of radiation-induced pulmonary injuries and the levels of one or more key cytokines that initiate and control those damages may improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in cancer treatment and ultimately the well-being of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lierova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Jelicova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Nemcova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Proksova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Zarybnicka
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Sinkorova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Tel.: +420 973 253 219.
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9
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Magnani ND, Dada LA, Sznajder JI. Ubiquitin-proteasome signaling in lung injury. Transl Res 2018; 198:29-39. [PMID: 29752900 PMCID: PMC6986356 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell homeostasis requires precise coordination of cellular proteins function. Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that modulates protein half-life and function and is tightly regulated by ubiquitin E3 ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes. Lung injury can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome that is characterized by an inflammatory response and disruption of the alveolocapillary barrier resulting in alveolar edema accumulation and hypoxemia. Ubiquitination plays an important role in the pathobiology of acute lung injury as it regulates the proteins modulating the alveolocapillary barrier and the inflammatory response. Better understanding of the signaling pathways regulated by ubiquitination may lead to novel therapeutic approaches by targeting specific elements of the ubiquitination pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia D Magnani
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Laura A Dada
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jacob I Sznajder
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
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10
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Lee KW, Nam MH, Lee HR, Hong CO, Lee KW. Protective effects of chebulic acid on alveolar epithelial damage induced by urban particulate matter. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:373. [PMID: 28724416 PMCID: PMC5518117 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chebulic acid (CA) isolated from T. chebula, which has been reported for treating asthma, as a potent anti-oxidant resources. Exposure to ambient urban particulate matter (UPM) considered as a risk for cardiopulmonary vascular dysfunction. To investigate the protective effect of CA against UPM-mediated collapse of the pulmonary alveolar epithelial (PAE) cell (NCI-H441), barrier integrity parameters, and their elements were evaluated in PAE. METHODS CA was acquired from the laboratory previous reports. UPM was obtained from the National Institutes of Standards and Technology, and these were collected in St. Louis, MO, over a 24-month period and used as a standard reference. To confirm the protection of PAE barrier integrity, paracellular permeability and the junctional molecules were estimated with determination of transepithelial electrical resistance, Western Blotting, RT-PCR, and fluorescent staining. RESULTS UPM aggravated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PAE and also decreased mRNA and protein levels of junction molecules and barrier integrity in NCI-H441. However, CA repressed the ROS in PAE, also improved barrier integrity by protecting the junctional parameters in NCI-H411. CONCLUSIONS These data showed that CA resulted in decreased UPM-induced ROS formation, and the protected the integrity of the tight junctions against UPM exposure to PAE barrier.
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11
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Umbrello M, Marino A, Chiumello D. Tidal volume in acute respiratory distress syndrome: how best to select it. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 5:287. [PMID: 28828362 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2017.06.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is the type of organ support most widely provided in the intensive care unit. However, this form of support does not constitute a cure for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as it mainly works by buying time for the lungs to heal while contributing to the maintenance of vital gas exchange. Moreover, it can further damage the lung, leading to the development of a particular form of lung injury named ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Experimental evidence accumulated over the last 30 years highlighted the factors associated with an injurious form of mechanical ventilation. The present paper illustrates the physiological effects of delivering a tidal volume to the lungs of patients with ARDS, and suggests an approach to tidal volume selection. The relationship between tidal volume and the development of VILI, the so called volotrauma, will be reviewed. The still actual suggestion of a lung-protective ventilatory strategy based on the use of low tidal volumes scaled to the predicted body weight (PBW) will be presented, together with newer strategies such as the use of airway driving pressure as a surrogate for the amount of ventilatable lung tissue or the concept of strain, i.e., the ratio between the tidal volume delivered relative to the resting condition, that is the functional residual capacity (FRC). An ultra-low tidal volume strategy with the use of extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) will be presented and discussed. Eventually, the role of other ventilator-related parameters in the generation of VILI will be considered (namely, plateau pressure, airway driving pressure, respiratory rate (RR), inspiratory flow), and the promising unifying framework of mechanical power will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Umbrello
- UOC Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale San Paolo-ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Marino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Chiumello
- UOC Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale San Paolo-ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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12
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Albuquerque IMD, Cardoso DM, Masiero PR, Paiva DN, Resqueti VR, Fregonezi GADF, Menna-Barreto SS. Effects of positive expiratory pressure on pulmonary clearance of aerosolized technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid in healthy individuals. J Bras Pneumol 2016; 42:404-408. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562015000000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects of positive expiratory pressure (PEP) on pulmonary epithelial membrane permeability in healthy subjects. Methods: We evaluated a cohort of 30 healthy subjects (15 males and 15 females) with a mean age of 28.3 ± 5.4 years, a mean FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.89 ± 0.14, and a mean FEV1 of 98.5 ± 13.1% of predicted. Subjects underwent technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy in two stages: during spontaneous breathing; and while breathing through a PEP mask at one of three PEP levels-10 cmH2O (n = 10), 15 cmH2O (n = 10), and 20 cmH2O (n = 10). The 99mTc-DTPA was nebulized for 3 min, and its clearance was recorded by scintigraphy over a 30-min period during spontaneous breathing and over a 30-min period during breathing through a PEP mask. Results: The pulmonary clearance of 99mTc-DTPA was significantly shorter when PEP was applied-at 10 cmH2O (p = 0.044), 15 cmH2O (p = 0.044), and 20 cmH2O (p = 0.004)-in comparison with that observed during spontaneous breathing. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that PEP, at the levels tested, is able to induce an increase in pulmonary epithelial membrane permeability and lung volume in healthy subjects.
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Schwingshackl A. The role of stretch-activated ion channels in acute respiratory distress syndrome: finally a new target? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L639-52. [PMID: 27521425 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00458.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) and oxygen therapy (hyperoxia; HO) comprise the cornerstones of life-saving interventions for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Unfortunately, the side effects of MV and HO include exacerbation of lung injury by barotrauma, volutrauma, and propagation of lung inflammation. Despite significant improvements in ventilator technologies and a heightened awareness of oxygen toxicity, besides low tidal volume ventilation few if any medical interventions have improved ARDS outcomes over the past two decades. We are lacking a comprehensive understanding of mechanotransduction processes in the healthy lung and know little about the interactions between simultaneously activated stretch-, HO-, and cytokine-induced signaling cascades in ARDS. Nevertheless, as we are unraveling these mechanisms we are gathering increasing evidence for the importance of stretch-activated ion channels (SACs) in the activation of lung-resident and inflammatory cells. In addition to the discovery of new SAC families in the lung, e.g., two-pore domain potassium channels, we are increasingly assigning mechanosensing properties to already known Na(+), Ca(2+), K(+), and Cl(-) channels. Better insights into the mechanotransduction mechanisms of SACs will improve our understanding of the pathways leading to ventilator-induced lung injury and lead to much needed novel therapeutic approaches against ARDS by specifically targeting SACs. This review 1) summarizes the reasons why the time has come to seriously consider SACs as new therapeutic targets against ARDS, 2) critically analyzes the physiological and experimental factors that currently limit our knowledge about SACs, and 3) outlines the most important questions future research studies need to address.
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Morales-Nebreda LI, Rogel MR, Eisenberg JL, Hamill KJ, Soberanes S, Nigdelioglu R, Chi M, Cho T, Radigan KA, Ridge KM, Misharin AV, Woychek A, Hopkinson S, Perlman H, Mutlu GM, Pardo A, Selman M, Jones JCR, Budinger GRS. Lung-specific loss of α3 laminin worsens bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 52:503-12. [PMID: 25188360 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0057oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins that are secreted by the alveolar epithelium into the basement membrane, and their expression is altered in extracellular matrices from patients with pulmonary fibrosis. In a small number of patients with pulmonary fibrosis, we found that the normal basement membrane distribution of the α3 laminin subunit was lost in fibrotic regions of the lung. To determine if these changes play a causal role in the development of fibrosis, we generated mice lacking the α3 laminin subunit specifically in the lung epithelium by crossing mice expressing Cre recombinase driven by the surfactant protein C promoter (SPC-Cre) with mice expressing floxed alleles encoding the α3 laminin gene (Lama3(fl/fl)). These mice exhibited no developmental abnormalities in the lungs up to 6 months of age, but, compared with control mice, had worsened mortality, increased inflammation, and increased fibrosis after the intratracheal administration of bleomycin. Similarly, the severity of fibrosis induced by an adenovirus encoding an active form of transforming growth factor-β was worse in mice deficient in α3 laminin in the lung. Taken together, our results suggest that the loss of α3 laminin in the lung epithelium does not affect lung development, but plays a causal role in the development of fibrosis in response to bleomycin or adenovirally delivered transforming growth factor-β. Thus, we speculate that the loss of the normal basement membrane organization of α3 laminin that we observe in fibrotic regions from the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis contributes to their disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa I Morales-Nebreda
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Im D, Shi W, Driscoll B. Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Fibrosis versus Repair. Front Pediatr 2016; 4:28. [PMID: 27066462 PMCID: PMC4811965 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2016.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and basic experimental approaches to pediatric acute lung injury (ALI), including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), have historically focused on acute care and management of the patient. Additional efforts have focused on the etiology of pediatric ALI and ARDS, clinically defined as diffuse, bilateral diseases of the lung that compromise function leading to severe hypoxemia within 7 days of defined insult. Insults can include ancillary events related to prematurity, can follow trauma and/or transfusion, or can present as sequelae of pulmonary infections and cardiovascular disease and/or injury. Pediatric ALI/ARDS remains one of the leading causes of infant and childhood morbidity and mortality, particularly in the developing world. Though incidence is relatively low, ranging from 2.9 to 9.5 cases/100,000 patients/year, mortality remains high, approaching 35% in some studies. However, this is a significant decrease from the historical mortality rate of over 50%. Several decades of advances in acute management and treatment, as well as better understanding of approaches to ventilation, oxygenation, and surfactant regulation have contributed to improvements in patient recovery. As such, there is a burgeoning interest in the long-term impact of pediatric ALI/ARDS. Chronic pulmonary deficiencies in survivors appear to be caused by inappropriate injury repair, with fibrosis and predisposition to emphysema arising as irreversible secondary events that can severely compromise pulmonary development and function, as well as the overall health of the patient. In this chapter, the long-term effectiveness of current treatments will be examined, as will the potential efficacy of novel, acute, and long-term therapies that support repair and delay or even impede the onset of secondary events, including fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Im
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , USA
| | - Wei Shi
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , USA
| | - Barbara Driscoll
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Surgery, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , USA
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de Albuquerque IM, Cardoso DM, Masiero PR, Paiva DN, Resqueti VR, Fregonezi GADF, Menna-Barreto SS. Effects of positive expiratory pressure on pulmonary clearance of aerosolized technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid in healthy individuals. J Bras Pneumol 2016. [PMID: 28117469 PMCID: PMC5344088 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562016000000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of positive expiratory pressure (PEP) on pulmonary epithelial membrane permeability in healthy subjects. METHODS: We evaluated a cohort of 30 healthy subjects (15 males and 15 females) with a mean age of 28.3 ± 5.4 years, a mean FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.89 ± 0.14, and a mean FEV1 of 98.5 ± 13.1% of predicted. Subjects underwent technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy in two stages: during spontaneous breathing; and while breathing through a PEP mask at one of three PEP levels-10 cmH2O (n = 10), 15 cmH2O (n = 10), and 20 cmH2O (n = 10). The 99mTc-DTPA was nebulized for 3 min, and its clearance was recorded by scintigraphy over a 30-min period during spontaneous breathing and over a 30-min period during breathing through a PEP mask. RESULTS: The pulmonary clearance of 99mTc-DTPA was significantly shorter when PEP was applied-at 10 cmH2O (p = 0.044), 15 cmH2O (p = 0.044), and 20 cmH2O (p = 0.004)-in comparison with that observed during spontaneous breathing. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that PEP, at the levels tested, is able to induce an increase in pulmonary epithelial membrane permeability and lung volume in healthy subjects. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da pressão expiratória positiva (PEP) na permeabilidade da membrana epitelial pulmonar em indivíduos saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Foi avaliada uma coorte de 30 indivíduos saudáveis (15 homens e 15 mulheres), com média de idade de 28,3 ± 5,4 anos, média da relação VEF1/CVF de 0,89 ± 0,14 e média de VEF1 de 98,5 ± 13,1% do previsto. Os indivíduos foram submetidos a cintilografia pulmonar por inalação de radioaerossol de ácido dietilenotriaminopentacético marcado com tecnécio-99m (99mTc-DTPA em inglês) em dois estágios: durante respiração espontânea e durante respiração com uma máscara de PEP de 10 cmH2O (n = 10), 15 cmH2O (n = 10) ou 20 cmH2O (n = 10). O 99mTc-DTPA foi nebulizado por 3 min, e sua depuração foi registrada por cintilografia por um período de 30 min durante respiração espontânea e por um período de 30 min durante a respiração com uma máscara de PEP. RESULTADOS: A depuração pulmonar do 99mTc-DTPA foi significativamente menor quando PEP foi aplicada a 10 cmH2O (p = 0,044), 15 cmH2O (p = 0,044) e 20 cmH2O (p = 0,004), em comparação com a observada durante a respiração espontânea. CONCLUSÕES: Nossos achados indicam que o uso de PEP nos níveis testados pode induzir um aumento na permeabilidade da membrana epitelial pulmonar e no volume pulmonar em indivíduos saudáveis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Martins de Albuquerque
- . Departamento de Fisioterapia e Reabilitação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação Funcional, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria (RS) Brasil
| | - Dannuey Machado Cardoso
- . Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul (RS) Brasil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Masiero
- . Serviço de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil
| | - Dulciane Nunes Paiva
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul (RS) Brasil
| | - Vanessa Regiane Resqueti
- . Departamento de Fisioterapia, Laboratório de Desempenho Pneumocardiovascular e Músculos Respiratórios, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal (RN) Brasil
| | - Guilherme Augusto de Freitas Fregonezi
- . Departamento de Fisioterapia, Laboratório de Desempenho Pneumocardiovascular e Músculos Respiratórios, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal (RN) Brasil
| | - Sérgio Saldanha Menna-Barreto
- . Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil
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Shi YY, Liu TJ, Fu JH, Xu W, Wu LL, Hou AN, Xue XD. Vitamin D/VDR signaling attenuates lipopolysaccharide‑induced acute lung injury by maintaining the integrity of the pulmonary epithelial barrier. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1186-94. [PMID: 26675943 PMCID: PMC4732862 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D and its receptor have a protective effect on epithelial barriers in various tissues. Low levels of vitamin D are associated with numerous pulmonary diseases, including acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The present study investigated whether the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) pathway may ameliorate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI through maintaining the integrity of the alveolar epithelial barrier. This was investigated by exposing wild-type (WT) and VDR knockout C57BL/6J mice to LPS, then comparing the healthy and LPS-treated mice lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). More specifically, lung histology, mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and protein expression levels of tight junction proteins were determined. In addition, a vitamin D analog (paricalcitol) was administered to WT mice in order to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the alveolar epithelial barrier following exposure to LPS. VDR knockout mice exhibited severe lung injuries (P<0.001), increased alveolar permeability [demonstrated by a higher wet-dry ratio of lung weight (P<0.05), greater expression levels of BALF protein (P<0.001) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated 4 kDa dextran (P<0.001) leakage into the alveolar space], elevated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA levels, as demonstrated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (P<0.05), and decreased protein and mRNA expression levels of occludin (P<0.01) and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1; P<0.01) compared with WT mice. Paricalcitol treatment partially inhibited these pathological changes in WT mice by maintaining the mRNA and protein expression levels of occludin (P<0.01) and ZO-1 (P<0.05). A lack of VDRs in the pulmonary epithelial barrier appeared to compromise its defense, leading to more severe LPS-induced lung injury. Furthermore, vitamin D treatment alleviated LPS-induced lung injury and preserved alveolar barrier function. Therefore vitamin D treatment may present as a potential therapeutic strategy in ALI and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yan Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Lin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - A-Na Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Dong Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Protti A, Andreis DT, Milesi M, Iapichino GE, Monti M, Comini B, Pugni P, Melis V, Santini A, Dondossola D, Gatti S, Lombardi L, Votta E, Carlesso E, Gattinoni L. Lung anatomy, energy load, and ventilator-induced lung injury. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015; 3:34. [PMID: 26671060 PMCID: PMC4679691 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-015-0070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High tidal volume can cause ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), but positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is thought to be protective. We aimed to find the volumetric VILI threshold and see whether PEEP is protective per se or indirectly. METHODS In 76 pigs (22 ± 2 kg), we examined the lower and upper limits (30.9-59.7 mL/kg) of inspiratory capacity by computed tomography (CT) scan at 45 cmH2O pressure. The pigs underwent a 54-h mechanical ventilation with a global strain ((tidal volume (dynamic) + PEEP volume (static))/functional residual capacity) from 0.45 to 5.56. The dynamic strain ranged from 18 to 100 % of global strain. Twenty-nine pigs were ventilated with end-inspiratory volumes below the lower limit of inspiratory capacity (group "Below"), 38 within (group "Within"), and 9 above (group "Above"). VILI was defined as death and/or increased lung weight. RESULTS "Below" pigs did not develop VILI; "Within" pigs developed lung edema, and 52 % died before the end of the experiment. The amount of edema was significantly related to dynamic strain (edema 188-153 × dynamic strain, R (2) = 0.48, p < 0.0001). In the "Above" group, 66 % of the pigs rapidly died but lung weight did not increase significantly. In pigs ventilated with similar tidal volume adding PEEP significantly increased mortality. CONCLUSIONS The threshold for VILI is the lower limit of inspiratory capacity. Below this threshold, VILI does not occur. Within these limits, severe/lethal VILI occurs depending on the dynamic component. Above inspiratory capacity stress at rupture may occur. In healthy lungs, PEEP is protective only if associated with a reduced tidal volume; otherwise, it has no effect or is harmful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Protti
- Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide T Andreis
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marta Milesi
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giacomo E Iapichino
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Massimo Monti
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Comini
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Pugni
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Valentina Melis
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Santini
- Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniele Dondossola
- Centro di Ricerche Chirurgiche Precliniche, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Gatti
- Centro di Ricerche Chirurgiche Precliniche, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luciano Lombardi
- Dipartimento dei Servizi, Radiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Emiliano Votta
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Carlesso
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luciano Gattinoni
- Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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Nieman GF, Gatto LA, Habashi NM. Impact of mechanical ventilation on the pathophysiology of progressive acute lung injury. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:1245-61. [PMID: 26472873 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00659.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The earliest description of what is now known as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was a highly lethal double pneumonia. Ashbaugh and colleagues (Ashbaugh DG, Bigelow DB, Petty TL, Levine BE Lancet 2: 319-323, 1967) correctly identified the disease as ARDS in 1967. Their initial study showing the positive effect of mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on ARDS mortality was dampened when it was discovered that improperly used mechanical ventilation can cause a secondary ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), thereby greatly exacerbating ARDS mortality. This Synthesis Report will review the pathophysiology of ARDS and VILI from a mechanical stress-strain perspective. Although inflammation is also an important component of VILI pathology, it is secondary to the mechanical damage caused by excessive strain. The mechanical breath will be deconstructed to show that multiple parameters that comprise the breath-airway pressure, flows, volumes, and the duration during which they are applied to each breath-are critical to lung injury and protection. Specifically, the mechanisms by which a properly set mechanical breath can reduce the development of excessive fluid flux and pulmonary edema, which are a hallmark of ARDS pathology, are reviewed. Using our knowledge of how multiple parameters in the mechanical breath affect lung physiology, the optimal combination of pressures, volumes, flows, and durations that should offer maximum lung protection are postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary F Nieman
- Department of Surgery, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York;
| | - Louis A Gatto
- Biological Sciences Department, State University of New York, Cortland, New York; and
| | - Nader M Habashi
- R Adams Cowley Shock/Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
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Girault A, Chebli J, Privé A, Trinh NTN, Maillé E, Grygorczyk R, Brochiero E. Complementary roles of KCa3.1 channels and β1-integrin during alveolar epithelial repair. Respir Res 2015; 16:100. [PMID: 26335442 PMCID: PMC4558634 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive alveolar epithelial injury and remodelling is a common feature of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and it has been established that epithelial regeneration, and secondary lung oedema resorption, is crucial for ARDS resolution. Much evidence indicates that K(+) channels are regulating epithelial repair processes; however, involvement of the KCa3.1 channels in alveolar repair has never been investigated before. RESULTS Wound-healing assays demonstrated that the repair rates were increased in primary rat alveolar cell monolayers grown on a fibronectin matrix compared to non-coated supports, whereas an anti-β1-integrin antibody reduced it. KCa3.1 inhibition/silencing impaired the fibronectin-stimulated wound-healing rates, as well as cell migration and proliferation, but had no effect in the absence of coating. We then evaluated a putative relationship between KCa3.1 channel and the migratory machinery protein β1-integrin, which is activated by fibronectin. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments indicated a link between the two proteins and revealed their cellular co-distribution. In addition, we demonstrated that KCa3.1 channel and β1-integrin membrane expressions were increased on a fibronectin matrix. We also showed increased intracellular calcium concentrations as well as enhanced expression of TRPC4, a voltage-independent calcium channel belonging to the large TRP channel family, on a fibronectin matrix. Finally, wound-healing assays showed additive effects of KCa3.1 and TRPC4 inhibitors on alveolar epithelial repair. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data demonstrate for the first time complementary roles of KCa3.1 and TRPC4 channels with extracellular matrix and β1-integrin in the regulation of alveolar repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alban Girault
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Tour Viger, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X0A9, Canada. .,Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, CP6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C3J7, Canada.
| | - Jasmine Chebli
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Tour Viger, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X0A9, Canada. .,Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, CP6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C3J7, Canada.
| | - Anik Privé
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Tour Viger, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X0A9, Canada.
| | - Nguyen Thu Ngan Trinh
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Tour Viger, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X0A9, Canada. .,Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, CP6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C3J7, Canada.
| | - Emilie Maillé
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Tour Viger, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X0A9, Canada.
| | - Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Tour Viger, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X0A9, Canada. .,Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, CP6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C3J7, Canada.
| | - Emmanuelle Brochiero
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Tour Viger, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X0A9, Canada. .,Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, CP6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C3J7, Canada.
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Marcozzi C, Moriondo A, Solari E, Reguzzoni M, Severgnini P, Protasoni M, Passi A, Pelosi P, Negrini D. Regional lung tissue changes with mechanical ventilation and fluid load. Exp Lung Res 2015; 41:228-40. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.1003436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Balch WE, Sznajder JI, Budinger S, Finley D, Laposky AD, Cuervo AM, Benjamin IJ, Barreiro E, Morimoto RI, Postow L, Weissman AM, Gail D, Banks-Schlegel S, Croxton T, Gan W. Malfolded protein structure and proteostasis in lung diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 189:96-103. [PMID: 24033344 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201306-1164ws] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries indicate that disorders of protein folding and degradation play a particularly important role in the development of lung diseases and their associated complications. The overarching purpose of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop on "Malformed Protein Structure and Proteostasis in Lung Diseases" was to identify mechanistic and clinical research opportunities indicated by these recent discoveries in proteostasis science that will advance our molecular understanding of lung pathobiology and facilitate the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of lung disease. The workshop's discussion focused on identifying gaps in scientific knowledge with respect to proteostasis and lung disease, discussing new research advances and opportunities in protein folding science, and highlighting novel technologies with potential therapeutic applications for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Balch
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
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Short KR, Kroeze EJBV, Fouchier RAM, Kuiken T. Pathogenesis of influenza-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2013; 14:57-69. [PMID: 24239327 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(13)70286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a fatal complication of influenza infection. In this Review we provide an integrated model for its pathogenesis. ARDS involves damage to the epithelial-endothelial barrier, fluid leakage into the alveolar lumen, and respiratory insufficiency. The most important part of the epithelial-endothelial barrier is the alveolar epithelium, strengthened by tight junctions. Influenza virus targets these epithelial cells, reducing sodium pump activity, damaging tight junctions, and killing infected cells. Infected epithelial cells produce cytokines that attract leucocytes--neutrophils and macrophages--and activate adjacent endothelial cells. Activated endothelial cells and infiltrated leucocytes stimulate further infiltration, and leucocytes induce production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide that damage the barrier. Activated macrophages also cause direct apoptosis of epithelial cells. This model for influenza-induced ARDS differs from the classic model, which is centred on endothelial damage, and provides a rationale for therapeutic intervention to moderate host response in influenza-induced ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty R Short
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Ron A M Fouchier
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thijs Kuiken
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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24
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Budinger GRS, Mutlu GM. Balancing the risks and benefits of oxygen therapy in critically III adults. Chest 2013; 143:1151-1162. [PMID: 23546490 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen therapy is an integral part of the treatment of critically ill patients. Maintenance of adequate oxygen delivery to vital organs often requires the administration of supplemental oxygen, sometimes at high concentrations. Although oxygen therapy is lifesaving, it may be associated with deleterious effects when administered for prolonged periods at high concentrations. Here, we review the recent advances in our understanding of the molecular responses to hypoxia and high levels of oxygen and review the current guidelines for oxygen therapy in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Cornet AD, van Nieuw Amerongen GP, Beishuizen A, Schultz MJ, Girbes AR, Groeneveld AJ. Activated protein C in the treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 4:219-27. [PMID: 23489122 DOI: 10.1517/17460440902721204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) frequently necessitate mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. The syndromes have a high mortality rate and there is at present no treatment specifically directed at the underlying pathogenesis. Central in the pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS is alveolocapillary inflammation leading to permeability edema. As a result of the crosstalk between inflammation and coagulation, activation of proinflammatory and procoagulant/antifibrinolytic pathways contributes to disruption of the endothelial barrier. Protein C (PC) plays a central role in maintaining the equilibrium between coagulation and inflammation. Additionally, natural anticoagulants, such as PC, are depleted, both in blood as well as in the lung. Therefore, the PC system is of interest as a therapeutic target in patients with ALI/ARDS. METHOD This review is based on a Medline search of relevant basic and clinical studies. OBJECTIVE It discusses the potential role of activated PC in modulating the proinflammatory/procoagulant state for enhancing endothelial barrier function in animal models and human ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Cornet
- Department of Intensive Care, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands +31 20 4443933 ; +31 20 4442392 ;
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Impact of mechanical ventilation and fluid load on pulmonary glycosaminoglycans. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2012; 181:308-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ohta H, Chiba S, Ebina M, Furuse M, Nukiwa T. Altered expression of tight junction molecules in alveolar septa in lung injury and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 302:L193-205. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00349.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of alveolar barriers is a critical factor in the development of lung injury and subsequent fibrosis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. To clarify the pathogenic roles of tight junctions in lung injury and fibrosis, we examined the altered expression of claudins, the major components of tight junctions, in the lungs of disease models with pulmonary fibrosis. Among the 24 known claudins, claudin-1, claudin-3, claudin-4, claudin-7, and claudin-10 were identified as components of airway tight junctions. Claudin-5 and claudin-18 were identified as components of alveolar tight junctions and were expressed in endothelial and alveolar epithelial cells, respectively. In experimental bleomycin-induced lung injury, the levels of mRNA encoding tight junction proteins were reduced, particularly those of claudin-18. The integrity of the epithelial tight junctions was disturbed in the fibrotic lesions 14 days after the intraperitoneal instillation of bleomycin. These results suggest that bleomycin mainly injured alveolar epithelial cells and impaired alveolar barrier function. In addition, we analyzed the influence of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a critical mediator of pulmonary fibrosis that is upregulated after bleomycin-induced lung injury, on tight junctions in vitro. The addition of TGF-β decreased the expression of claudin-5 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and disrupted the tight junctions of epithelial cells (A549). These results suggest that bleomycin-induced lung injury causes pathogenic alterations in tight junctions and that such alterations seem to be induced by TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Ohta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai; and
| | - Shigeki Chiba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai; and
| | - Masahito Ebina
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai; and
| | - Mikio Furuse
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nukiwa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai; and
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Large-animal models of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg 2012; 93:1331-9. [PMID: 22244649 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by an acute inflammatory response that compromises alveolar-capillary membrane integrity. Clinical symptoms include refractory hypoxemia, noncardiogenic edema, and decreased lung compliance. The purpose of this review is to summarize the different ARDS large-animal models in terms of similarity to the clinical disease and underlying pathophysiology. The repeated lavage, oleic acid, endotoxin, and smoke/burn ARDS models will be discussed in this review. While each model has significant benefits, none is without weaknesses. Thus, the choice of large-animal ARDS model must be carefully considered based upon the study focus and investigative team experience.
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Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by acute respiratory failure and are associated with diverse disorders. Gene therapy is a potentially powerful approach to treat diseases related to ALI/ARDS, and numerous viral and nonviral methods for gene delivery to the lung have been developed. Discussed are recent advances in the development of more efficient viral and nonviral gene transfer systems, and the current status of gene therapy applied to ALI/ARDS-associated pulmonary diseases is reviewed. With the development of more efficient gene therapy vectors, gene therapy is a promising strategy for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Zahlten J, Steinicke R, Opitz B, Eitel J, N’Guessan PD, Vinzing M, Witzenrath M, Schmeck B, Hammerschmidt S, Suttorp N, Hippenstiel S. TLR2- and Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2-Dependent Krüppel-Like Factor 2 Expression Downregulates NF-κB–Related Gene Expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 185:597-604. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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He D, Su Y, Usatyuk PV, Spannhake EW, Kogut P, Solway J, Natarajan V, Zhao Y. Lysophosphatidic acid enhances pulmonary epithelial barrier integrity and protects endotoxin-induced epithelial barrier disruption and lung injury. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:24123-32. [PMID: 19586906 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.007393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive phospholipid, induces a wide range of cellular effects, including gene expression, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and cell survival. We have previously shown that LPA stimulates secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in bronchial epithelial cells. This study provides evidence that LPA enhances pulmonary epithelial barrier integrity through protein kinase C (PKC) delta- and zeta-mediated E-cadherin accumulation at cell-cell junctions. Treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) with LPA increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) by approximately 2.0-fold and enhanced accumulation of E-cadherin to the cell-cell junctions through Galpha(i)-coupled LPA receptors. Knockdown of E-cadherin with E-cadherin small interfering RNA or pretreatment with EGTA (0.1 mm) prior to LPA (1 microm) treatment attenuated LPA-induced increases in TER in HBEpCs. Furthermore, LPA induced tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and overexpression of the FAK inhibitor, and FAK-related non-kinase-attenuated LPA induced increases in TER and E-cadherin accumulation at cell-cell junctions. Overexpression of dominant negative protein kinase delta and zeta attenuated LPA-induced phosphorylation of FAK, accumulation of E-cadherin at cell-cell junctions, and an increase in TER. Additionally, lipopolysaccharide decreased TER and induced E-cadherin relocalization from cell-cell junctions to cytoplasm in a dose-dependent fashion, which was restored by LPA post-treatment in HBEpCs. Intratracheal post-treatment with LPA (5 microm) reduced LPS-induced neutrophil influx, protein leak, and E-cadherin shedding in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids in a murine model of acute lung injury. These data suggest a protective role of LPA in airway inflammation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghong He
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Protein phosphatase 2A plays a role in hydrogen peroxide-induced disruption of tight junctions in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Biochem J 2009; 421:59-70. [PMID: 19356149 DOI: 10.1042/bj20081951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A) interacts with epithelial tight junctions and negatively regulates the integrity of the tight junction. In the present study, the role of PP2A in the hydrogen peroxide-induced disruption of the tight junction was examined in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Hydrogen peroxide-induced decrease in electrical resistance and increase in inulin permeability was associated with the dephosphorylation of occludin on threonine residues. The hydrogen peroxide-induced decrease in electrical resistance, increase in inulin permeability and redistribution of occludin and ZO (zonula occludens)-1 from the intercellular junctions were significantly attenuated by selective inhibitors of PP2A (okadaic acid and fostriecin) and by knockdown of PP2A-Calpha (the catalytic subunit of PP2A). The PP2A-Calpha protein and PP2A activity were co-immunoprecipitated with occludin, and this co-immunoprecipitation was rapidly increased by hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxideinduced increase in co-immunoprecipitation of PP2A-Calpha with occludin was prevented by PP2, a Src kinase inhibitor. GST (glutathione transferase)-pull down assays using recombinant GST-Occludin-C (C-terminal tail of occludin) and the purified PP2A showed that PP2A binds to the C-terminal domain of occludin; Src-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of GST-Occludin-C enhanced this binding. The present study shows that hydrogen peroxide increases the association of PP2A with occludin by a Src kinase-dependent mechanism, and that PP2A activity is involved in hydrogen peroxide-induced disruption of tight junctions in Caco-2 cell monolayers.
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Rao R. Oxidative stress-induced disruption of epithelial and endothelial tight junctions. FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE : A JOURNAL AND VIRTUAL LIBRARY 2008; 13:7210-26. [PMID: 18508729 PMCID: PMC6261932 DOI: 10.2741/3223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mounting body of evidence indicates that the disruption of epithelial tight junctions and resulting loss of barrier function play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a variety of gastrointestinal, hepatic, pulmonary, kidney and ocular diseases. Increased production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and reactive oxygen species disrupt the epithelial and endothelial barrier function by destabilizing tight junctions. Oxidative stress induced by various reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite and hypochlorous acid disrupt the epithelial and endothelial tight junctions in various tissues. The mechanism involved in oxidative stress-induced disruption of tight junction includes protein modification such as thiol oxidation, phosphorylation, nitration and carbonylation. The role of signaling molecules such as protein kinases and protein phosphatases in regulation of tight junctions is discussed in this article. Understanding such mechanisms in oxidative stress-induced disruption of epithelial and endothelial barrier functions is likely to provide insight into the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases, and may form a basis for the design of treatment strategies for different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhakrishna Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Effects of mechanical ventilation on the extracellular matrix. Intensive Care Med 2008; 34:631-9. [PMID: 18264691 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-007-0964-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 11/11/2007] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the biomechanical behaviour of the lung parenchyma. The ECM is composed of a three-dimensional fibre mesh filled with different macromolecules, including the glycosaminoglycans and the proteoglycans, which have important functions in many lung pathophysiological processes: (1) regulating the hydration and water homeostasis, (2) maintaining the structure and function, (3) modulating the inflammatory response, and (4) influencing tissue repair and remodelling. Ventilator-induced lung injury is the result of a complex interplay among various mechanical forces acting on lung structures such as the epithelial and endothelial cells, the extracellular matrix, and the peripheral airways during mechanical ventilation. Although excellent reviews have synthesized our current knowledge of the role of repeated cyclic stretch and high tidal volume ventilation on alveolar and endothelial cells, few have addressed the effects of mechanical ventilation on the ECM. The present review focused on the organization of the ECM, mechanotransduction and ECM interactions, and the effects of mechanical ventilation on the ECM. The study of the ECM may be useful to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of lung damage induced by mechanical ventilation.
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Eid L, Bromberg Z, El-Latif MA, Zeira E, Oppenheim A, Weiss YG. Simian virus 40 vectors for pulmonary gene therapy. Respir Res 2007; 8:74. [PMID: 17967178 PMCID: PMC2238754 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-8-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis remains the leading cause of death in critically ill patients. One of the primary organs affected by sepsis is the lung, presenting as the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Organ damage in sepsis involves an alteration in gene expression, making gene transfer a potential therapeutic modality. This work examines the feasibility of applying simian virus 40 (SV40) vectors for pulmonary gene therapy. Methods Sepsis-induced ARDS was established by cecal ligation double puncture (2CLP). SV40 vectors carrying the luciferase reporter gene (SV/luc) were administered intratracheally immediately after sepsis induction. Sham operated (SO) as well as 2CLP rats given intratracheal PBS or adenovirus expressing luciferase served as controls. Luc transduction was evaluated by in vivo light detection, immunoassay and luciferase mRNA detection by RT-PCR in tissue harvested from septic rats. Vector abundance and distribution into alveolar cells was evaluated using immunostaining for the SV40 VP1 capsid protein as well as by double staining for VP1 and for the surfactant protein C (proSP-C). Immunostaining for T-lymphocytes was used to evaluate the cellular immune response induced by the vector. Results Luc expression measured by in vivo light detection correlated with immunoassay from lung tissue harvested from the same rats. Moreover, our results showed vector presence in type II alveolar cells. The vector did not induce significant cellular immune response. Conclusion In the present study we have demonstrated efficient uptake and expression of an SV40 vector in the lungs of animals with sepsis-induced ARDS. These vectors appear to be capable of in vivo transduction of alveolar type II cells and may thus become a future therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Eid
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
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