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Zhao Q, Han B, Peng C, Zhang N, Huang W, He G, Li JL. A promising future of metal-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes in medicinal chemistry: The emerging bioorganometallic antitumor agents. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:2194-2235. [PMID: 38591229 DOI: 10.1002/med.22039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Metal complexes based on N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have emerged as promising broad-spectrum antitumor agents in bioorganometallic medicinal chemistry. In recent decades, studies on cytotoxic metal-NHC complexes have yielded numerous compounds exhibiting superior cytotoxicity compared to cisplatin. Although the molecular mechanisms of these anticancer complexes are not fully understood, some potential targets and modes of action have been identified. However, a comprehensive review of their biological mechanisms is currently absent. In general, apoptosis caused by metal-NHCs is common in tumor cells. They can cause a series of changes after entering cells, such as mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) variation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cytochrome c (cyt c) release, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, lysosome damage, and caspase activation, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the influence of metal-NHCs on cancer cell apoptosis is crucial. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of recent advances in metal-NHC complexes that trigger apoptotic cell death via different apoptosis-related targets or signaling pathways, including B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2 family), p53, cyt c, ER stress, lysosome damage, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibition, and so forth. We also discuss the challenges, limitations, and future directions of metal-NHC complexes to elucidate their emerging application in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology & Venerolog, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology & Venerolog, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Anti-Infective Agent Creation Engineering Research Centre of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Terpstra K, Huang Y, Na H, Sun L, Gutierrez C, Yu Z, Mirica LM. 2-Phenylbenzothiazolyl iridium complexes as inhibitors and probes of amyloid β aggregation. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:14258-14264. [PMID: 39129539 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01691b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides is a significant hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the detection of Aβ aggregates and the inhibition of their formation are important for the diagnosis and treatment of AD, respectively. Herein, we report a series of benzothiazole-based Ir(III) complexes HN-1 to HN-8 that exhibit appreciable inhibition of Aβ aggregation in vitro and in living cells. These Ir(III) complexes can induce a significant fluorescence increase when binding to Aβ fibrils and Aβ oligomers, while their measured log D values suggest these compounds could have enhanced blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. In vivo studies show that HN-1, HN-2, HN-3, and HN-8 successfully penetrate the BBB and stain the amyloid plaques in AD mouse brains after a 10-day treatment, suggesting that these Ir(III) complexes could act as lead compounds for AD therapeutic and diagnostic agent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karna Terpstra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Yiran Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Hanah Na
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Citlali Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Zhengxin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Liviu M Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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3
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Gucký A, Hamuľaková S. Targeting Biometals in Alzheimer's Disease with Metal Chelating Agents Including Coumarin Derivatives. CNS Drugs 2024; 38:507-532. [PMID: 38829443 PMCID: PMC11182807 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-024-01093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Numerous physiological processes happening in the human body, including cerebral development and function, require the participation of biometal ions such as iron, copper, and zinc. Their dyshomeostasis may, however, contribute to the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and potentially other neurodegenerative diseases. Chelation of biometal ions is therefore a therapeutic strategy against AD. This review provides a survey of natural and synthetic chelating agents that are or could potentially be used to target the metal hypothesis of AD. Since metal dyshomeostasis is not the only pathological aspect of AD, and the nature of this disorder is very complex and multifactiorial, the most efficient therapeutics should target as many neurotoxic factors as possible. Various coumarin derivatives match this description and apart from being able to chelate metal ions, they exhibit the capacity to inhibit cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) while also possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and numerous other beneficial effects. Compounds based on the coumarin scaffold therefore represent a desirable class of anti-AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gucký
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Slávka Hamuľaková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
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4
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Puentes-Díaz N, Chaparro D, Morales-Morales D, Flores-Gaspar A, Alí-Torres J. Role of Metal Cations of Copper, Iron, and Aluminum and Multifunctional Ligands in Alzheimer's Disease: Experimental and Computational Insights. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:4508-4526. [PMID: 36777601 PMCID: PMC9909689 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, affecting millions of people around the world. Even though the causes of AD are not completely understood due to its multifactorial nature, some neuropathological hallmarks of its development have been related to the high concentration of some metal cations. These roles include the participation of these metal cations in the production of reactive oxygen species, which have been involved in neuronal damage. In order to avoid the increment in the oxidative stress, multifunctional ligands used to coordinate these metal cations have been proposed as a possible treatment to AD. In this review, we present the recent advances in experimental and computational works aiming to understand the role of two redox active and essential transition-metal cations (Cu and Fe) and one nonbiological metal (Al) and the recent proposals on the development of multifunctional ligands to stop or revert the damaging effects promoted by these metal cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Puentes-Díaz
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Colombia−Sede Bogotá, Bogotá 11301, Colombia
| | - Diego Chaparro
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Colombia−Sede Bogotá, Bogotá 11301, Colombia
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Militar Nueva
Granada, Cajicá 250240, Colombia
| | - David Morales-Morales
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Areli Flores-Gaspar
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Militar Nueva
Granada, Cajicá 250240, Colombia
- Areli Flores-Gaspar − Departamento de Química,
Universidad Militar Nueva
Granada, Cajicá, 250247, Colombia.
| | - Jorge Alí-Torres
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Colombia−Sede Bogotá, Bogotá 11301, Colombia
- Jorge Alí-Torres − Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de
Colombia, Sede Bogotá,11301, Bogotá, Colombia.
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5
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Navaneethgowda P, Bodke YD, Manjunatha B, Mussuvir Pasha K. Benzothiazole-Isatin Hybrids: Synthesis, Characterization, Computational and Cytotoxic Activity Studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Rana M, Cho HJ, Arya H, Bhatt TK, Bhar K, Bhatt S, Mirica LM, Sharma AK. Azo-Stilbene and Pyridine-Amine Hybrid Multifunctional Molecules to Target Metal-Mediated Neurotoxicity and Amyloid-β Aggregation in Alzheimer's Disease. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10294-10309. [PMID: 35768324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with progressive neuronal cell death, and they are commonly correlated with aberrant protein misfolding and aggregation of Aβ peptides. Transition metal ions (Cu, Fe, and Zn) have been shown to promote aggregation and oxidative stress through formation of Aβ-metal complexes. In this context, integrating molecular scaffolds rationally is used here to generate multifunctional molecules as modulators for metal-induced abnormalities. This work encompasses two azo-stilbene (AS)-derived compounds (AS-HL1 and AS-HL2), the rationale behind the design, their synthesis, characterization, and metal chelation ability [Cu(II) and Zn(II)]. The molecular frameworks of the designed compounds consist of stilbene as an Aβ-interacting moiety, whereas N,N,O and N,N,N,O donor atoms are linked to generate the metal chelation moiety. Furthermore, we went on exploring their multifunctionality with respect to (w.r.t.) (i) their metal chelating capacities and (ii) their utility to modulate the aggregation pathways of both metal-free and metal-bound amyloid-β, (iii) scavenge free radicals, and (iv) inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase and (v) cytotoxicity. Moreover, the compounds were able to sequester Cu2+ from the Aβ-Cu complex as studied by the UV-visible spectroscopic assay. Molecular docking studies were also performed with Aβ and acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Overall, the studies presented here qualify these molecules as promising candidates for further investigation in the quest for finding a treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer 305817, India
| | - Hong-Jun Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hemant Arya
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer 305817, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer 305817, India
| | - Kishalay Bhar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer 305817, India
| | - Surabhi Bhatt
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer 305817, India
| | - Liviu M Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Anuj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer 305817, India
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Biological Potential, Gastrointestinal Digestion, Absorption, and Bioavailability of Algae-Derived Compounds with Neuroprotective Activity: A Comprehensive Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060362. [PMID: 35736165 PMCID: PMC9227170 DOI: 10.3390/md20060362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no known cure for neurodegenerative disease. However, the available therapies aim to manage some of the symptoms of the disease. Human neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of illnesses characterized by progressive loss of neuronal cells and nervous system dysfunction related to several mechanisms such as protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmission dysfunction. Neuroprotective compounds are essential in the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases. This review will focus on the neurodegeneration mechanisms and the compounds (proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), polysaccharides, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, phenolic compounds, among others) present in seaweeds that have shown in vivo and in vitro neuroprotective activity. Additionally, it will cover the recent findings on the neuroprotective effects of bioactive compounds from macroalgae, with a focus on their biological potential and possible mechanism of action, including microbiota modulation. Furthermore, gastrointestinal digestion, absorption, and bioavailability will be discussed. Moreover, the clinical trials using seaweed-based drugs or extracts to treat neurodegenerative disorders will be presented, showing the real potential and limitations that a specific metabolite or extract may have as a new therapeutic agent considering the recent approval of a seaweed-based drug to treat Alzheimer’s disease.
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Lewis FW, Bird K, Navarro JP, El Fallah R, Brandel J, Hubscher-Bruder V, Tsatsanis A, Duce JA, Tétard D, Bourne S, Maina M, Pienaar IS. Synthesis, physicochemical characterization and neuroprotective evaluation of novel 1-hydroxypyrazin-2(1 H)-one iron chelators in an in vitro cell model of Parkinson's disease. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3590-3603. [PMID: 35147617 PMCID: PMC8886574 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02604f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron dysregulation, dopamine depletion, cellular oxidative stress and α-synuclein protein mis-folding are key neuronal pathological features seen in the progression of Parkinson's disease. Iron chelators endowed with one or more therapeutic modes of action have long been suggested as disease modifying therapies for its treatment. In this study, novel 1-hydroxypyrazin-2(1H)-one iron chelators were synthesized and their physicochemical properties, iron chelation abilities, antioxidant capacities and neuroprotective effects in a cell culture model of Parkinson's disease were evaluated. Physicochemical properties (log β, log D7.4, pL0.5) suggest that these ligands have a poorer ability to penetrate cell membranes and form weaker iron complexes than the closely related 1-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-ones. Despite this, we show that levels of neuroprotection provided by these ligands against the catecholaminergic neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine in vitro were comparable to those seen previously with the 1-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-ones and the clinically used iron chelator Deferiprone, with two of the ligands restoring cell viability to ≥89% compared to controls. Two of the ligands were endowed with additional phenol moieties in an attempt to derive multifunctional chelators with dual iron chelation/antioxidant activity. However, levels of neuroprotection with these ligands were no greater than ligands lacking this moiety, suggesting the neuroprotective properties of these ligands are due primarily to chelation and passivation of intracellular labile iron, preventing the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species that otherwise lead to the neuronal cell death seen in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W Lewis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Kathleen Bird
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Jean-Philippe Navarro
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Rawa El Fallah
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jeremy Brandel
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | | | - Andrew Tsatsanis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK
- Alzheimer's Research UK Cambridge Drug Discovery Institute, Cambridge Bio-medical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - James A Duce
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK
- Alzheimer's Research UK Cambridge Drug Discovery Institute, Cambridge Bio-medical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - David Tétard
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Samuel Bourne
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK.
| | - Mahmoud Maina
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK.
| | - Ilse S Pienaar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Prachayasittikul V, Pingaew R, Prachayasittikul S, Prachayasittikul V. 8-Hydroxyquinolines: A Promising Pharmacophore Potentially Developed as Disease-Modifying Agents for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-22-sr(r)6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Discovery of Guanidine Derivatives from Buthus martensii Karsch with Metal-Binding and Cholinesterase Inhibition Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216737. [PMID: 34771145 PMCID: PMC8588048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two rare guanidine-type alkaloids, Buthutin A (1) and Buthutin B (2), along with two other compounds (3, 4), were isolated from Buthus martensii Karsch, and determined using extensive spectroscopic data analysis and high resolution-mass spectrometry. Compound 1 showed the most potent inhibition on AChE and BChE with IC50 values of 7.83 ± 0.06 and 47.44 ± 0.95 μM, respectively. Kinetic characterization of compound 1 confirmed a mixed-type of AChE inhibition mechanism in accordance with the docking results, which shows its interaction with both catalytic active (CAS) and peripheral anionic (PAS) sites. The specific binding of compound 1 to PAS domain of AChE was also confirmed experimentally. Moreover, compounds 1 and 3 exhibited satisfactory biometal binding abilities toward Cu2+, Fe2+, Zn2+ and Al3+ ions. These results provide a new evidence for further development and utilization of B. martensii in health and pharmaceutical products.
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Caetano-Silva ME, Rund LA, Vailati-Riboni M, Pacheco MTB, Johnson RW. Copper-Binding Peptides Attenuate Microglia Inflammation through Suppression of NF-kB Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100153. [PMID: 34532985 PMCID: PMC8612997 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Activation of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, has been related to the etiology and progression of neurodegenerative diseases; thus, finding novel approaches to suppress the neuroinflammatory process is of utmost relevance. METHODS AND RESULTS The anti-inflammatory activity of whey Cu-, Fe-, and Zn-binding peptides and their possible underlying mechanism of action were evaluated in microglia. Whey metal-binding peptides decreased nitric oxide production and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) at mRNA and protein levels by stimulated BV-2 microglia in comparison to the control with no peptide treatment. The hydrophobicity, specific sequences, and possible synergistic effects seem to play a role. Cu-binding peptides (Cu-bp) presented anti-inflammatory activity both in BV-2 and primary microglia cultures. These peptides exert their action by suppressing nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway since nuclear translocation of NF-kB p65 is decreased by roughly 30% upon Cu-bp treatment. Specific sequences identified in Cu-bp showed high affinity to bind NF-kB p65 by molecular docking (up to -8.8 kcal mol-1 ), corroborating the immunofluorescence studies. CONCLUSION Cu-bp represent food-derived peptides that may be useful for neuroprotective purposes. Chelation of copper excess in the CNS and the bioavailability of such peptides, as well as their behavior in in vivo models, deserve further research for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Caetano-Silva
- Center of Food Science and Quality (CCQA), Institute of Food Technology (Ital), Campinas, SP 13070-178, Brazil
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Laurie A. Rund
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Mario Vailati-Riboni
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | | | - Rodney W. Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
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12
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Oliveri V, Vecchio G. Bis(8‐hydroxyquinoline) Ligands: Exploring their Potential as Selective Copper‐Binding Agents for Alzheimer's Disease. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università degli Studi di Catania viale A. Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università degli Studi di Catania viale A. Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
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13
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Chaparro D, Flores-Gaspar A, Alí-Torres J. Computational Design of Copper Ligands with Controlled Metal Chelating, Pharmacokinetics, and Redox Properties for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:S179-S193. [PMID: 34032611 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Redox active metal cations, such as Cu2 +, have been related to induce amyloid plaques formation and oxidative stress, which are two of the key events in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and others metal promoted neurodegenerative diseases. In these oxidative events, standard reduction potential (SRP) is an important property especially relevant in the reactive oxygen species formation. OBJECTIVE The SRP is not usually considered for the selection of drug candidates in anti-AD treatments. In this work, we present a computational protocol for the selection of multifunctional ligands with suitable metal chelating, pharmacokinetics, and redox properties. METHODS The filtering process is based on quantum chemical calculations and the use of in silico tools. Calculations of SRP were performed by using the M06-2X density functional and the isodesmic approach. Then, a virtual screening technique (VS) was used for similar structure search. RESULTS Protocol application allowed the assessment of chelating, drug likeness, and redox properties of copper ligands. Those molecules showing the best features were selected as molecular scaffolds for a VS procedure in order to obtain related compounds. After applying this process, we present a list of candidates with suitable properties to prevent the redox reactions mediated by copper(II) ion. CONCLUSION The protocol incorporates SRP in the filtering stage and can be effectively used to obtain a set of potential drug candidates for AD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Chaparro
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.,Departamento de Química, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Cajicá, Colombia
| | - Areli Flores-Gaspar
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Cajicá, Colombia
| | - Jorge Alí-Torres
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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14
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Hiremathad A, Chaves S, Keri RS. Multi-Targeting Tacrine Conjugates with Cholinesterase and Amyloid-Beta Inhibitory Activities: New Anti-Alzheimer's Agents. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000083. [PMID: 33448662 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe age dependent and chronic problem with no cure so far. The available treatments are temporary, acting over short period of time. The main pathological hallmark of the disease includes cholinergic dysfunction, oxidative stress, accumulation of Aβ fibrils and tau tangles. In context with the multi-factorial nature of this disease, two different series of molecules were developed to hit the multifactorial disease targets. Mainly, the molecules were designed to inhibit the AChE and aggregation of Aβ, and also oxidative damage. Two novel series of TAC-fenbufen/menbutone conjugated molecules were designed, synthesized and bio-assayed. All compounds showed inhibition capacity towards AChE, Aβ aggregation and moderate to good radical scavenging capacity. Particularly, five TAC-menbutone molecules showed improved AChE and Aβ aggregation inhibition capacity compared to TAC-fenbufen conjugated molecules. Overall, these novel series of molecules may be potential drug lead molecules in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Hiremathad
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Center for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Jakkasandra Post, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagara District, Karnataka, 562112, India.,Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Chaves
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rangappa S Keri
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Center for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Jakkasandra Post, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagara District, Karnataka, 562112, India
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15
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Conjugates of desferrioxamine and aromatic amines improve markers of iron-dependent neurotoxicity. Biometals 2021; 34:259-275. [PMID: 33389339 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-020-00277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder associated in some instances with dyshomeostasis of redox-active metal ions, such as copper and iron. In this work, we investigated whether the conjugation of various aromatic amines would improve the pharmacological efficacy of the iron chelator desferrioxamine (DFO). Conjugates of DFO with aniline (DFOANI), benzosulfanylamide (DFOBAN), 2-naphthalenamine (DFONAF) and 6-quinolinamine (DFOQUN) were obtained and their properties examined. DFOQUN had good chelating activity, promoted a significant increase in the inhibition of β-amyloid peptide aggregation when compared to DFO, and also inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity both in vitro and in vivo (Caenorhabditis elegans). These data indicate that the covalent conjugation of a strong iron chelator to an AChE inhibitor offers a powerful approach for the amelioration of iron-induced neurotoxicity symptoms.
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16
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Zhou N, Huo F, Yue Y, Ma K, Yin C. Rearrangement regulated cysteine fluorescent probe for cellular oxidative stress evaluation induced by copper(II). CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Attenuation of Oxidative Stress by Cannabinoids and Cannabis Extracts in Differentiated Neuronal Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110328. [PMID: 33105840 PMCID: PMC7690570 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this proof-of-concept study, the antioxidant activity of phytocannabinoids, namely cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), were investigated using an in vitro system of differentiated human neuronal SY-SH5Y cells. The oxidative stress was induced by hydrogen peroxide, as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathological conditions were mimicked in vitro by treating the differentiated neuronal cells with amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42) in the presence of Cu(II). We showed that THC had a high potency to combat oxidative stress in both in vitro models, while CBD did not show a remarkable antioxidant activity. The cannabis extracts also exhibited a significant antioxidant activity, which depended on the ratio of the THC and CBD. However, our results did not suggest any antagonist effect of the CBD on the antioxidant activity of THC. The effect of cannabis extracts on the cell viability of differentiated human neuronal SY-SH5Y cells was also investigated, which emphasized the differences between the bioactivity of cannabis extracts due to their composition. Our preliminary results demonstrated that cannabis extracts and phytocannabinoids have a promising potential as antioxidants, which can be further investigated to develop novel pharmaceuticals targeting oxidative stress therapy.
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18
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Ejaz HW, Wang W, Lang M. Copper Toxicity Links to Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Therapeutics Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7660. [PMID: 33081348 PMCID: PMC7589751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, age-related progressive neurological disorder, and the most common type of dementia in aged people. Neuropathological lesions of AD are neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and senile plaques comprise the accumulated amyloid-beta (Aβ), loaded with metal ions including Cu, Fe, or Zn. Some reports have identified metal dyshomeostasis as a neurotoxic factor of AD, among which Cu ions seem to be a central cationic metal in the formation of plaque and soluble oligomers, and have an essential role in the AD pathology. Cu-Aβ complex catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and results in oxidative damage. Several studies have indicated that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD. The connection of copper levels in AD is still ambiguous, as some researches indicate a Cu deficiency, while others show its higher content in AD, and therefore there is a need to increase and decrease its levels in animal models, respectively, to study which one is the cause. For more than twenty years, many in vitro studies have been devoted to identifying metals' roles in Aβ accumulation, oxidative damage, and neurotoxicity. Towards the end, a short review of the modern therapeutic approach in chelation therapy, with the main focus on Cu ions, is discussed. Despite the lack of strong proofs of clinical advantage so far, the conjecture that using a therapeutic metal chelator is an effective strategy for AD remains popular. However, some recent reports of genetic-regulating copper transporters in AD models have shed light on treating this refractory disease. This review aims to succinctly present a better understanding of Cu ions' current status in several AD features, and some conflicting reports are present herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafza Wajeeha Ejaz
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth WA6027, Australia;
| | - Minglin Lang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China;
- College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
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19
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Chen T, Yang Y, Zhu S, Lu Y, Zhu L, Wang Y, Wang X. Inhibition of Aβ aggregates in Alzheimer's disease by epigallocatechin and epicatechin-3-gallate from green tea. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104382. [PMID: 33137558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive accumulation of senile plaques, which are primarily composed of misfolded amyloid β-peptide (Aβ). Aβ aggregates are believed to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of AD, affecting the nervous system in human body. The therapeutic potential of tea-derived polyphenolic compounds, (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), for AD was investigated by assessing their effects on the Cu2+/Zn2+-induced or self-assembled Aβ40 aggregation using thioflavine T fluorescent spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, silver staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence assays. EGC and ECG mildly bind to Cu2+ and Zn2+, and diminish the Cu2+- or Zn2+-induced or self-assembled Aβ aggregates; they also modulate the Cu2+/Zn2+-Aβ40 induced neurotoxicity on mouse neuroblastoma Neuro-2a cells by reducing the production of ROS. Metal chelating, hydrogen bonding or Van Der Waals force may drive the interaction between the polyphenolic compounds and Aβ. The results demonstrate that green tea catechins EGC and ECG are able to alleviate the toxicity of Aβ oligomers and fibrils. Particularly, ECG can cross the blood-brain barrier to reduce the Aβ plaques in the brain of APP/PS1 mice, thereby protecting neurons from injuries. The results manifest the potential of green tea for preventing or ameliorating the symptoms of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, PR China
| | - Yanfei Yang
- Institute of Nautical Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, PR China
| | - Shajun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yapeng Lu
- Institute of Nautical Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- Institute of Nautical Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, PR China.
| | - Yanqing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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20
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Sun L, Sharma AK, Han BH, Mirica LM. Amentoflavone: A Bifunctional Metal Chelator that Controls the Formation of Neurotoxic Soluble Aβ 42 Oligomers. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2741-2752. [PMID: 32786307 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, yet the cause and progression of this disorder are not completely understood. While the main hallmark of AD is the deposition of amyloid plaques consisting of the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, transition metal ions are also known to play a significant role in disease pathology by expediting the formation of neurotoxic soluble β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative stress. Thus, bifunctional metal chelators that can control these deleterious properties are highly desirable. Herein, we show that amentoflavone (AMF), a natural biflavonoid compound, exhibits good metal-chelating properties, especially for chelating Cu2+ with very high affinity (pCu7.4 = 10.44). In addition, AMF binds to Aβ fibrils with a high affinity (Ki = 287 ± 20 nM), as revealed by a competition thioflavin T (ThT) assay, and specifically labels the amyloid plaques ex vivo in the brain sections of transgenic AD mice, as confirmed via immunostaining with an Aβ antibody. The effect of AMF on Aβ42 aggregation and disaggregation of Aβ42 fibrils was also investigated and revealed that AMF can control the formation of neurotoxic soluble Aβ42 oligomers, both in the absence and presence of metal ions, as confirmed via cell toxicity studies. Furthermore, an ascorbate consumption assay shows that AMF exhibits potent antioxidant properties and can chelate Cu2+ and significantly diminish the Cu2+-ascorbate redox cycling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Overall, these studies strongly suggest that AMF acts as a bifunctional chelator that can interact with various Aβ aggregates and reduce their neurotoxicity and can also bind Cu2+ and mediate its deleterious redox properties. Thus AMF has the potential to be a lead compound for further therapeutic agent development for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Anuj K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindari, Distt. Ajmer-305801, Rajasthan, India
| | - Byung-Hee Han
- Department of Pharmacology, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, Missouri 63501, United States
| | - Liviu M. Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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21
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Cho HJ, Sharma AK, Zhang Y, Gross ML, Mirica LM. A Multifunctional Chemical Agent as an Attenuator of Amyloid Burden and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:1471-1481. [PMID: 32310630 PMCID: PMC7732605 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and its main hallmark is the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. However, several clinical trials focusing on Aβ-targeting agents have failed recently, and thus new therapeutic leads are focusing on alternate targets such as tau protein pathology, Aβ-metal induced oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. To address these different pathological aspects of AD, we have employed a multifunctional compound, L1 [4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-((4,7-dimethyl-1,4,7-triazonan-1-yl)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol], that integrates Aβ-interacting and metal-binding fragments in a single molecular framework, exhibits significant antioxidant activity and metal chelating ability, and also rescues neuroblastoma N2A cells from Cu2+-induced Aβ neurotoxicity. Along with demonstrating in vivo Aβ-binding and favorable brain uptake properties, L1 treatment of transgenic 5xFAD mice significantly reduces the amount of both amyloid plaques and associated phosphorylated tau (p-tau) aggregates in the brain by 40-50% versus the vehicle-treated 5xFAD mice. Moreover, L1 mitigates the neuroinflammatory response of the activated microglia during the Aβ-induced inflammation process. Overall, these multifunctional properties of L1 to attenuate the formation of amyloid plaques and associated p-tau aggregates while also reducing the microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory response are quite uncommon among the previously reported amyloid-targeting chemical agents, and thus L1 could be envisioned as a lead compound for the development of novel AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jun Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Anuj K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Michael L Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Liviu M Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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22
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Rana M, Pareek A, Bhardwaj S, Arya G, Nimesh S, Arya H, Bhatt TK, Yaragorla S, Sharma AK. Aryldiazoquinoline based multifunctional small molecules for modulating Aβ42aggregation and cholinesterase activity related to Alzheimer's disease. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28827-28837. [PMID: 35520091 PMCID: PMC9055851 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05172a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel series of aryldiazoquinoline multifunctional molecules controls amyloid formation and neuro-protective role by inhibiting esterase enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer
- India
| | - Abhishek Pareek
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- P.O. Central University
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Shivani Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer
- India
| | - Geeta Arya
- Department of Biotechnology
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer
- India
| | - Surendra Nimesh
- Department of Biotechnology
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer
- India
| | - Hemant Arya
- Department of Biotechnology
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer
- India
| | - Tarun K. Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer
- India
| | | | - Anuj K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer
- India
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23
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Gomes LMF, Bataglioli JC, Jussila AJ, Smith JR, Walsby CJ, Storr T. Modification of Aβ Peptide Aggregation via Covalent Binding of a Series of Ru(III) Complexes. Front Chem 2019; 7:838. [PMID: 31921764 PMCID: PMC6915085 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, leading to loss of cognition, and eventually death. The disease is characterized by the formation of extracellular aggregates of the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein inside cells, and oxidative stress. In this study, we investigate a series of Ru(III) complexes (Ru-N) derived from NAMI-A in which the imidazole ligand has been substituted for pyridine derivatives, as potential therapeutics for AD. The ability of the Ru-N series to bind to Aβ was evaluated by NMR and ESI-MS, and their influence on the Aβ peptide aggregation process was investigated via electrophoresis gel/western blot, TEM, turbidity, and Bradford assays. The complexes were shown to bind covalently to the Aβ peptide, likely via a His residue. Upon binding, the complexes promote the formation of soluble high molecular weight aggregates, in comparison to peptide precipitation for peptide alone. In addition, TEM analysis supports both amorphous and fibrillar aggregate morphology for Ru-N treatments, while only large amorphous aggregates are observed for peptide alone. Overall, our results show that the Ru-N complexes modulate Aβ peptide aggregation, however, the change in the size of the pyridine ligand does not substantially alter the Aβ aggregation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza M F Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | - Allison J Jussila
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Jason R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Charles J Walsby
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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24
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Cai R, Wang LN, Fan JJ, Geng SQ, Liu YM. New 4-N-phenylaminoquinoline derivatives as antioxidant, metal chelating and cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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Ma M, Wang Y, Gao N, Liu X, Sun Y, Ren J, Qu X. A Near-Infrared-Controllable Artificial Metalloprotease Used for Degrading Amyloid-β Monomers and Aggregates. Chemistry 2019; 25:11852-11858. [PMID: 31361361 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Proteolysis of amyloid-β (Aβ) is a promising approach against Alzheimer's disease. However, it is not feasible to employ natural hydrolases directly because of their cumbersome preparation and purification, poor stability, and hazardous immunogenicity. Therefore, artificial enzymes have been developed as potential alternatives to natural hydrolases. Since specific cleavage sites of Aβ are usually embedded inside the β-sheet structures that restrict access by artificial enzymes, this strongly hinders their efficiency for practical applications. Herein, we construct a NIR (near-IR) controllable artificial metalloprotease (MoS2 -Co) using a molybdenum disulfide nanosheet (MoS2 ) and a cobalt complex of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (Codota). Evidenced by detailed experimental and theoretical studies, the NIR-enhanced MoS2 -Co can circumvent the restriction by simultaneously inhibition of β-sheet formation and destroying β-sheet structures of the preformed Aβ aggregates in living cell. Furthermore, our designed MoS2 -Co is an easy to graft Aβ-target agent that prevents misdirected or undesirable hydrolysis reactions, and has been demonstrated to cross the blood brain barrier. This method can be adapted for hydrolysis of other kinds of amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Ma
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of, Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of, Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of, Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of, Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of, Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of, Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Xinping Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of, Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of, Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Yuhuan Sun
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of, Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of, Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of, Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of, Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of, Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of, Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
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26
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Porter MR, Walker JM, Zaleski JM. The Outliers: Metal-Mediated Radical Reagents for Biological Substrate Degradation. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1957-1967. [PMID: 31243967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The predictable and controllable interaction of small organic or peptidic molecules with biological substrates is the primary reason most pharmaceuticals are narrowly decorated carbon frameworks. The inhibition or activation binding models are measurable and without side reactions that can cause pathological angst. Yet many diseases, especially those involving rapid proliferation of cells (i.e., cancer) or aggregation of peptides (e.g., heart disease, Alzheimer's disease) have not yet been cured by inhibition therapeutics. Additionally, interventional medicine is often required to alleviate such maladies by physical removal first, followed by molecular-level therapy as a second stage. Thus, there appears to be a niche for more aggressive therapeutics that may employ harsher chemical processes to realize clinical efficacy, albeit without causing catastrophic side effects. Molecules that may be considered for this challenge are not typically biomimetic, nor do they fit the traditional pharmaceutical paradigm. They may have unusual modes of action or undesired reactivity that can be lethal if not controlled. These are the outliers; potential pharmacophores that biology does not know how to manage or adapt to. This is why they may be an intriguing class of agents that needs continuous development. In this Account, we connect the under-developed enediyne family of compounds and our metalloenediyne derivatives to existing radical-based therapeutics such as bleomycin and doxorubicin to illustrate that controlled diradical reactivity, although an outlier mechanism, has a place in the therapeutic portfolio. This is self-evident in that of the 11 natural product enediynes known, 2 have clinical impact, a strong ratio. We expand on the chemical diversity of potential enediyne constructs and focus on the accessible trigger mechanisms to activate diradical formation as a method to control toxicity. Moreover, we further illustrate how electromagnetic fields can be employed to activate both molecular and larger nanomaterial constructs that carry highly concentrated payloads of reactive reagent. Finally, we describe how controlled diradical reactivity can reach beyond traditional therapeutic targets such as DNA, to peptide aggregates found in blood clots, neural fibrils, and membrane scaffolds. It is our belief that cleverly constructed frameworks with well-designed and controlled activation/reaction schemes can lead to novel therapeutics that can challenge evolving viral and bacterial invaders. From this evangelical perspective, our hope is that the conceptual framework, if not the specific designs in this Account, stimulate the readership to develop out-of-the-box therapeutic designs that may combat resistant disease targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan R. Porter
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Joan M. Walker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Zaleski
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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27
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Esmieu C, Guettas D, Conte-Daban A, Sabater L, Faller P, Hureau C. Copper-Targeting Approaches in Alzheimer’s Disease: How To Improve the Fallouts Obtained from in Vitro Studies. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:13509-13527. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peter Faller
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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28
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Sales TA, Prandi IG, Castro AAD, Leal DHS, Cunha EFFD, Kuca K, Ramalho TC. Recent Developments in Metal-Based Drugs and Chelating Agents for Neurodegenerative Diseases Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1829. [PMID: 31013856 PMCID: PMC6514778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain has a unique biological complexity and is responsible for important functions in the human body, such as the command of cognitive and motor functions. Disruptive disorders that affect this organ, e.g. neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), can lead to permanent damage, impairing the patients' quality of life and even causing death. In spite of their clinical diversity, these NDDs share common characteristics, such as the accumulation of specific proteins in the cells, the compromise of the metal ion homeostasis in the brain, among others. Despite considerable advances in understanding the mechanisms of these diseases and advances in the development of treatments, these disorders remain uncured. Considering the diversity of mechanisms that act in NDDs, a wide range of compounds have been developed to act by different means. Thus, promising compounds with contrasting properties, such as chelating agents and metal-based drugs have been proposed to act on different molecular targets as well as to contribute to the same goal, which is the treatment of NDDs. This review seeks to discuss the different roles and recent developments of metal-based drugs, such as metal complexes and metal chelating agents as a proposal for the treatment of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais A Sales
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Ingrid G Prandi
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre A de Castro
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Daniel H S Leal
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus/ES, 29932-540, Brazil.
| | - Elaine F F da Cunha
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic..
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Czech Republic.
| | - Teodorico C Ramalho
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic..
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29
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Mahdavi M, Hariri R, Mirfazli SS, Lotfian H, Rastergari A, Firuzi O, Edraki N, Larijani B, Akbarzadeh T, Saeedi M. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Benzochromenoquinolinones: Tacrine Analogs as Potent Anti-Alzheimer's Agents. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1800488. [PMID: 30720917 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a well-known neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of old people worldwide and the corresponding epidemiological data emphasize the importance of the disease. As AD is a multifactorial illness, various single target directed drugs that have reached clinical trials have failed. Therefore, various factors associated with outset of AD have been considered in targeted drug discovery. In this work, various benzochromenoquinolinones were synthesized and evaluated for their cholinesterase and BACE1 inhibitory activities as well as neuroprotective and metal-chelating properties. Among the synthesized compounds, 14-amino-13-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,4,13-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3-b]quinoline-7,12-dione (6m) depicted the best inhibitory activity toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50 s of 0.86 and 6.03 μm, respectively. Also, the compound could inhibit β-secretase 1 (BACE1) with IC50 =19.60 μm and showed metal chelating ability toward Cu2+ , Fe2+ , and Zn2+ . In addition, docking study demonstrated desirable interactions of compound 6m with amino acid residues characterizing AChE, BChE, and BACE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Roshanak Hariri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Mirfazli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Hania Lotfian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rastergari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71345-1978, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71345-1978, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran.,Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
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Eslami M, Nezafat N, Negahdaripour M, Ghasemi Y. Computational approach to suggest a new multi-target-directed ligand as a potential medication for Alzheimer’s disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:4825-4839. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1564701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Eslami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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31
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Rana M, Sharma AK. Cu and Zn interactions with Aβ peptides: consequence of coordination on aggregation and formation of neurotoxic soluble Aβ oligomers. Metallomics 2019; 11:64-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00203g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of transition metal ions (Fe, Cu, Zn) with the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its repercussions in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer 305817
- India
| | - Anuj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Ajmer 305817
- India
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32
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Sharma A, Pachauri V, Flora SJS. Advances in Multi-Functional Ligands and the Need for Metal-Related Pharmacology for the Management of Alzheimer Disease. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1247. [PMID: 30498443 PMCID: PMC6249274 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the age linked neurodegenerative disorder with no disease modifying therapy currently available. The available therapy only offers short term symptomatic relief. Several hypotheses have been suggested for the pathogenesis of the disease while the molecules developed as possible therapeutic agent in the last decade, largely failed in the clinical trials. Several factors like tau protein hyperphosphorylation, amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide aggregation, decline in acetyl cholinesterase and oxidative stress might be contributing toward the pathogenesis of AD. Additionally, biometals dyshomeostasis (Iron, Copper, and Zinc) in the brain are also reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, targeting these metal ions may be an effective strategy for the development of a drug to treat AD. Chelation therapy is currently employed for the metal intoxication but we lack a safe and effective chelating agents with additional biological properties for their possible use as multi target directed ligands for a complex disease like AD. Chelating agents possess the ability to disaggregate Aβ aggregation, dissolve amyloid plaques, and delay the cognitive impairment. Thus there is an urgent need to develop disease modifying therapeutic molecules with multiple beneficial features like targeting more than one factor responsible of the disease. These molecules, as disease modifying therapeutic agents for AD, should possess the potential to inhibit Aβ-metal interactions, the formation of toxic Aβ aggregates; and the capacity to reinstate metal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Vidhu Pachauri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - S J S Flora
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
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Umar T, Shalini S, Raza MK, Gusain S, Kumar J, Ahmed W, Tiwari M, Hoda N. New amyloid beta-disaggregating agents: synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, crystal structure and molecular docking of N-(4-((7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)oxy)-3-ethoxybenzyl)amines. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1891-1904. [PMID: 30568757 PMCID: PMC6254049 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00312b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the journey towards the development of potent multi-targeted ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, a series of Aβ aggregation inhibitors having quinoline scaffold were designed utilizing computational biology tools, synthesized and characterized by various spectral techniques including single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Organic syntheses relying upon convergent synthetic routes were employed. Investigations via ThT fluorescence assay, electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed the synthesized derivatives to exhibit Aβ self-aggregation inhibition. Molecules 5g and 5a showed the highest inhibitory potential, 53.73% and 53.63% at 50 μM respectively; higher than the standard Aβ disaggregating agent, curcumin. Molecules 5g and 5a disaggregated AChE-induced (58.26%, 47.36%) Aβ aggregation more than two fold more than the standard drug-donepezil (23.66%) and inhibited Cu2+-induced Aβ aggregation. A docking study significantly showed their interaction with key residues of Aβ and the results were in accordance with the study. Besides, these compounds also exhibited potential antioxidant activity (5a, 2.7240 Trolox equivalent by ORAC assay) and metal chelating property. Furthermore, the stoichiometric ratio of Cu (ii)-5a and Cu(ii)-5g complexes were found by Job's method (0.5 : 1 for 5a and 0.8 : 1 for 5g). In silico ADMET profiling showed these derivatives to have drug like properties with very low toxicity effects in the pharmacokinetic study. Overall, these results displayed a multi-activity profile with promising Aβ aggregation inhibition and antioxidation and metal chelation activity that could be helpful for developing new multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarana Umar
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi 110025 , India .
| | - Shruti Shalini
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , New Delhi 110007 , India .
| | - Md Kausar Raza
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Siddharth Gusain
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , New Delhi 110007 , India .
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel College , Kaimur- 821101, V. K. S. U., Ara , Bhabua , Bihar-802301 , India
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi 110025 , India .
| | - Manisha Tiwari
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , New Delhi 110007 , India .
| | - Nasimul Hoda
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi 110025 , India .
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34
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Rastegari A, Nadri H, Mahdavi M, Moradi A, Mirfazli SS, Edraki N, Moghadam FH, Larijani B, Akbarzadeh T, Saeedi M. Design, synthesis and anti-Alzheimer's activity of novel 1,2,3-triazole-chromenone carboxamide derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2018; 83:391-401. [PMID: 30412794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a well-known neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of old people worldwide and the corresponding epidemiological data highlights the significance of the disease. As AD is a multifactorial illness, various single-target directed drugs that have reached clinical trials have failed. Therefore, various factors associated with outset of AD have been considered in targeted drug discovery and development. In this work, a wide range of 1,2,3-triazole-chromenone carboxamides were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Among them, N-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-7-((1-(3,4-dimethylbenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxamide (11b) showed the best acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.80 µM), however, it was inactive toward butyrylcholinesterase. It should be noted that compound 11b was evaluated for its BACE1 inhibitory activity and calculated IC50 = 21.13 µM confirmed desired inhibitory activity. Also, this compound revealed satisfactory neuroprotective effect against H2O2-induced cell death in PC12 neurons at 50 µM as well as metal chelating ability toward Fe2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Rastegari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Nadri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Mirfazli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farshad Homayouni Moghadam
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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35
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Natural Scaffolds with Multi-Target Activity for the Potential Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092182. [PMID: 30158491 PMCID: PMC6225478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A few symptomatic drugs are currently available for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) therapy, but these molecules are only able to temporary improve the cognitive capacity of the patients if administered in the first stages of the pathology. Recently, important advances have been achieved about the knowledge of this complex condition, which is now considered a multi-factorial disease. Researchers are, thus, more oriented toward the preparation of molecules being able to contemporaneously act on different pathological features. To date, the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and of β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation as well as the antioxidant activity and the removal and/or redistribution of metal ions at the level of the nervous system are the most common investigated targets for the treatment of AD. Since many natural compounds show multiple biological properties, a series of secondary metabolites of plants or fungi with suitable structural characteristics have been selected and assayed in order to evaluate their potential role in the preparation of multi-target agents. Out of six compounds evaluated, 1 showed the best activity as an antioxidant (EC50 = 2.6 ± 0.2 μmol/µmol of DPPH) while compound 2 proved to be effective in the inhibition of AChE (IC50 = 6.86 ± 0.67 μM) and Aβ1–40 aggregation (IC50 = 74 ± 1 μM). Furthermore, compound 6 inhibited BChE (IC50 = 1.75 ± 0.59 μM) with a good selectivity toward AChE (IC50 = 86.0 ± 15.0 μM). Moreover, preliminary tests on metal chelation suggested a possible interaction between compounds 1, 3 and 4 and copper (II). Molecules with the best multi-target profiles will be used as starting hit compounds to appropriately address future studies of Structure-Activity Relationships (SARs).
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36
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Hiremathad A, Chand K, Keri RS. Development of coumarin-benzofuran hybrids as versatile multitargeted compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1497-1503. [PMID: 29679445 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive deterioration of memory and cognition. The evidenced multifactorial nature of AD has been considered the main reason for the absence of cure so far. Therefore, the development of novel hybrids to treat the disease is very much essential. Focusing on this, a novel series of coumarin-benzofuran hybrids have been designed and screened as anti-Alzheimer's disease agents. The strategy is to obtain an effective mimetic of donepezil, which is acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Herein, the two main scaffolds namely coumarin and benzofuran are known pharmacophore moieties and we have performed their molecular design, pharmacokinetic descriptor studies for drug-likeliness. Further, in vitro studies such as antioxidant capacity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and amyloid-β (Aβ) self-aggregation inhibition have also been performed. Most importantly, these studies revealed that the newly synthesized hybrids can be versatile and promising drug-like moieties as efficient anti-AD agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Hiremathad
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore, India
| | - Karam Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rangappa S Keri
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore, India
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37
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Wang X, Wang X, Guo Z. Metal-involved theranostics: An emerging strategy for fighting Alzheimer’s disease. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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38
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Rana M, Cho HJ, Roy TK, Mirica LM, Sharma AK. Azo-dyes based small bifunctional molecules for metal chelation and controlling amyloid formation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018; 471:419-429. [PMID: 30344337 PMCID: PMC6191838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemical tools are needed to discover new effective drugs for tackling multifaceted complex neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Multifunctional nature of two compounds, 5-((4-nitro-phenyl)diazenyl)quinolin-8-ol (HL1) and 4-((4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)benzene-1,3-diol (HL2) is reported w.r.t. their ability to bind Cu2+ ions and amyloid aggregates related to AD. HL1 and HL2 have half congo-red type azo-stilbene structural framework incorporated with metal chelating groups, designed to chelate metal ions from metal-amyloid species. Metal binding studies of HL1 and HL2 are established by the methods of Job's Plot, UV-vis spectra with metal ions and stability constant determination. In addition, their metal complexes are isolated, purity checked by elemental analysis, spectroscopically characterized and their structural analyses were obtained from DFT based calculations including binding energy determination. Chicken egg white Lysozyme (CEWL) was used as a model peptide for fibrillation studies. HL1 is found as an excellent colorimetric sensor for amyloid fibrils. Inhibitory effect of HL1 and HL2 and their isolated metal complexes L1-Cu and L2-Cu on CEWL fibrillation was studied using ThT and ANS fluorescence assay along with TEM imaging. In addition, the cell toxicity studies on these compounds suggest that although azo dyes may be non-toxic but having a nitro-substitution lead to significant cell toxicity. Overall, these results suggest that this new class of multifunctional small molecules can interact with amyloids as well as metal ions and could be potential anti-aggregation metal chelating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8,
Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Hong-Jun Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive,
St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, United States
| | - Tapta Kanchan Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of
Jammu, Jammu 180011, India
| | - Liviu M. Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive,
St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, United States
| | - Anuj K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8,
Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
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39
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Novel Tacrine-Hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole hybrids as potential multitarget drug candidates for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:255-267. [PMID: 29466775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of people, with no cure so far. The current treatments only achieve some temporary amelioration of the cognition symptoms. The main characteristics of the patient brains include the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (outside and inside the neurons) but also cholinergic deficit, increased oxidative stress and dyshomeostasis of transition metal ions. Considering the multi-factorial nature of AD, we report herein the development of a novel series of potential multi-target directed drugs which, besides the capacity to recover the cholinergic neurons, can also target other AD hallmarks. The novel series of tacrine-hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole (TAC-BIM) hybrid molecules has been designed, synthesized and studied for their multiple biological activities. These agents showed improved AChE inhibitory activity (IC50 in nanomolar range), as compared with the single drug tacrine (TAC), and also a high inhibition of self-induced- and Cu-induced-Aβ aggregation (up to 75%). They also present moderate radical scavenging activity and metal chelating ability. In addition, neuroprotective studies revealed that all these tested compounds are able to inhibit the neurotoxicity induced by Aβ and Fe/AscH(-) in neuronal cells. Hence, for this set of hybrids, structure-activity relationships are discussed and finally it is highlighted their real promising interest as potential anti-AD drugs.
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Cheignon C, Collin F, Faller P, Hureau C. Is ascorbate Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde in the Cu(Aβ) mediated oxidative stress linked to Alzheimer's disease? Dalton Trans 2018; 45:12627-31. [PMID: 27264439 PMCID: PMC5714186 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01979j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of the pro versus antioxidant activity of ascorbate regarding Cu(Aβ) induced reactive oxygen species production in the context of Alzheimer’s disease shows that a protective activity can only be observed at high ascorbate concentration for exogenous molecules but not for the amyloid-β peptide itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Cheignon
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), CNRS UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France. and Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT, 31077 Toulouse, France and UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
| | - Fabrice Collin
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), CNRS UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France. and Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT, 31077 Toulouse, France and UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
| | - Peter Faller
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), CNRS UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France. and Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Christelle Hureau
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), CNRS UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France. and Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT, 31077 Toulouse, France
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41
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Lee HJ, Savelieff MG, Kang J, Brophy MB, Nakashige TG, Lee SJC, Nolan EM, Lim MH. Calprotectin influences the aggregation of metal-free and metal-bound amyloid-β by direct interaction. Metallomics 2018; 10:1116-1127. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00091c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
CP-Ser [S100A8(C42S)/S100A9(C3S) oligomer] interacts with metal-free and metal-bound Aβ40 peptides and modulates their aggregation in the absence and presence of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | | | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | | | - Shin Jung C. Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
| | - Elizabeth M. Nolan
- Department of Chemistry
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
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42
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Conte-Daban A, Boff B, Candido Matias A, Aparicio CNM, Gateau C, Lebrun C, Cerchiaro G, Kieffer I, Sayen S, Guillon E, Delangle P, Hureau C. A Trishistidine Pseudopeptide with Ability to Remove Both Cu Ι and Cu ΙΙ from the Amyloid-β Peptide and to Stop the Associated ROS Formation. Chemistry 2017; 23:17078-17088. [PMID: 28846165 PMCID: PMC5714062 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The pseudopeptide L, derived from a nitrilotriacetic acid scaffold and functionalized with three histidine moieties, is reminiscent of the amino acid side chains encountered in the Alzheimer's peptide (Aβ). Its synthesis and coordination properties for CuΙ and CuΙΙ are described. L efficiently complex CuΙΙ in a square-planar geometry involving three imidazole nitrogen atoms and an amidate-Cu bond. By contrast, CuΙ is coordinated in a tetrahedral environment. The redox behavior is irreversible and follows an ECEC mechanism in accordance with the very different environments of the two redox states of the Cu center. This is in line with the observed resistance of the CuΙ complex to oxidation by oxygen and the CuΙΙ complex reduction by ascorbate. The affinities of L for CuΙΙ and CuΙ at physiological pH are larger than that reported for the Aβ peptide. Therefore, due to its peculiar Cu coordination properties, the ligand L is able to target both redox states of Cu, redox silence them and prevent reactive oxygen species production by the CuAβ complex. Because reactive oxygen species contribute to the oxidative stress, a key issue in Alzheimer's disease, this ligand thus represents a new strategy in the long route of finding molecular concepts for fighting Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Conte-Daban
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) 205 route de Narbonne,BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- University of Toulouse, UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - B. Boff
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES (UMR 5819), CIBEST, 17 rue des martyrs, F-38 000 Grenoble, France
| | - A. Candido Matias
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES (UMR 5819), CIBEST, 17 rue des martyrs, F-38 000 Grenoble, France
- Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC – UFABC 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - C. N. Montes Aparicio
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) 205 route de Narbonne,BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- University of Toulouse, UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - C. Gateau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES (UMR 5819), CIBEST, 17 rue des martyrs, F-38 000 Grenoble, France
| | - C. Lebrun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES (UMR 5819), CIBEST, 17 rue des martyrs, F-38 000 Grenoble, France
| | - G. Cerchiaro
- Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC – UFABC 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - I. Kieffer
- BM30B/FAME beamline, ESRF, F-38043 Grenoble cedex 9, France
- Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers de Grenoble, UMS 832 CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - S. Sayen
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR, UMR CNRS 7312), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, F-51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - E. Guillon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR, UMR CNRS 7312), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, F-51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - P. Delangle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES (UMR 5819), CIBEST, 17 rue des martyrs, F-38 000 Grenoble, France
| | - C. Hureau
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) 205 route de Narbonne,BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- University of Toulouse, UPS, INPT 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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43
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44
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Atrián-Blasco E, Conte-Daban A, Hureau C. Mutual interference of Cu and Zn ions in Alzheimer's disease: perspectives at the molecular level. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12750-12759. [PMID: 28937157 PMCID: PMC5656098 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01344b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
While metal ions such as copper and zinc are essential in biology, they are also linked to several amyloid-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Zinc and copper can indeed modify the aggregation pathways of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, the key component encountered in AD. In addition, the redox active copper ions do produce Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) when bound to the Aβ peptide. While Cu(i) or Cu(ii) or Zn(ii) coordination to the Aβ has been extensively studied in the last ten years, characterization of hetero-bimetallic Aβ complexes is still scarce. This is also true for the metal induced Aβ aggregation and ROS production, for which studies on the mutual influence of the copper and zinc ions are currently appearing. Last but not least, zinc can strongly interfere in therapeutic approaches relying on copper detoxification. This will be exemplified with a biological lead, namely metallothioneins, and with synthetic ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Atrián-Blasco
- CNRS , LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) , 205 route de Narbonne , BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France .
- University of Toulouse , UPS , INPT , 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France
| | - Amandine Conte-Daban
- CNRS , LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) , 205 route de Narbonne , BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France .
- University of Toulouse , UPS , INPT , 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France
| | - Christelle Hureau
- CNRS , LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) , 205 route de Narbonne , BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France .
- University of Toulouse , UPS , INPT , 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France
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45
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Beck MW, Derrick JS, Suh JM, Kim M, Korshavn KJ, Kerr RA, Cho WJ, Larsen SD, Ruotolo BT, Ramamoorthy A, Lim MH. Minor Structural Variations of Small Molecules Tune Regulatory Activities toward Pathological Factors in Alzheimer's Disease. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1828-1838. [PMID: 28990338 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemical tools have been valuable for establishing a better understanding of the relationships between metal ion dyshomeostasis, the abnormal aggregation and accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ), and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Still, very little information is available to correlate the structures of chemical tools with specific reactivities used to uncover such relationships. Recently, slight structural variations to the framework of a chemical tool were found to drastically determine the tool's reactivities toward multiple pathological facets to various extents. Herein, we report our rational design and characterization of a structural series to illustrate the extent to which the reactivities of small molecules vary toward different targets as a result of minor structural modifications. These compounds were rationally and systematically modified based on consideration of properties, including ionization potentials and metal binding, to afford their desired reactivities with metal-free or metal-bound Aβ, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and free organic radicals. Our results show that although small molecules are structurally similar, they can interact with multiple factors associated with AD pathogenesis and alleviate their reactivities to different degrees. Together, our studies demonstrate the rational structure-directed design that can be used to develop chemical tools capable of regulating individual or interrelated pathological features in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Derrick
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Suh
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyle J Korshavn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Richard A Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Woo Jong Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Scott D Larsen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brandon T Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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46
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Safadi ME, Bhadbhade M, Shimmon R, Baker AT, McDonagh AM. Cyclen-based chelators for the inhibition of Aβ aggregation: Synthesis, anti-oxidant and aggregation evaluation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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47
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Tamayo LV, Da Silva JG, Quintão MC, Duarte HA, Louro SR, Beraldo H. Investigation on the physicochemical properties of trans -4-stilbenecarboxaldehyde-derived hydrazones and their copper(II) complexes. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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48
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Xu YX, Wang H, Li XK, Dong SN, Liu WW, Gong Q, Wang TDY, Tang Y, Zhu J, Li J, Zhang HY, Mao F. Discovery of novel propargylamine-modified 4-aminoalkyl imidazole substituted pyrimidinylthiourea derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:33-47. [PMID: 29172081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel propargylamine-modified pyrimidinylthiourea derivatives (1-3) were designed and synthesized as multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy, and their potential was evaluated through various biological experiments. Among these derivatives, compound 1b displayed good selective inhibitory activity against AChE (vs BuChE, IC50 = 0.324 μM, SI > 123) and MAO-B (vs MAO-A, IC50 = 1.427 μM, SI > 35). Molecular docking study showed that the pyrimidinylthiourea moiety of 1b could bind to the catalytic active site (CAS) of AChE, and the propargylamine moiety interacted directly with the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) of MAO-B. Moreover, 1b demonstrated mild antioxidant ability, good copper chelating property, effective inhibitory activity against Cu2+-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation, moderate neuroprotection, low cytotoxicity, and appropriate blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in vitro and was capable of ameliorating scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice. These results indicated that 1b has the potential to be a multifunctional candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Huan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wen-Wen Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tian-Duan-Yi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Fei Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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49
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Jones MR, Mathieu E, Dyrager C, Faissner S, Vaillancourt Z, Korshavn KJ, Lim MH, Ramamoorthy A, Wee Yong V, Tsutsui S, Stys PK, Storr T. Multi-target-directed phenol-triazole ligands as therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease. Chem Sci 2017; 8:5636-5643. [PMID: 28989601 PMCID: PMC5621006 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01269a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease that is characterized by the formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposits. Increased oxidative stress, metal ion dysregulation, and the formation of toxic Aβ peptide oligomers are all considered to contribute to the etiology of AD. In this work we have developed a series of ligands that are multi-target-directed in order to address several disease properties. 2-(1-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenol (POH), 2-(1-(2-morpholinoethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenol (PMorph), and 2-(1-(2-thiomorpholinoethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenol (PTMorph) have been synthesized and screened for their antioxidant capacity, Cu-binding affinity, interaction with the Aβ peptide and modulation of Aβ peptide aggregation, and the ability to limit Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity in human neuronal culture. The synthetic protocol and structural variance incorporated via click chemistry, highlights the influence of R-group modification on ligand-Aβ interactions and neuroprotective effects. Overall, this study demonstrates that the phenol-triazole ligand scaffold can target multiple factors associated with AD, thus warranting further therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Jones
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , V5A1S6 , Burnaby , BC , Canada .
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences , Hotchkiss Brain Institute , Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Emilie Mathieu
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , V5A1S6 , Burnaby , BC , Canada .
| | - Christine Dyrager
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , V5A1S6 , Burnaby , BC , Canada .
| | - Simon Faissner
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences , Hotchkiss Brain Institute , Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
- Department of Neurology , St. Josef-Hospital , Ruhr-University , Bochum , Germany
| | - Zavier Vaillancourt
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , V5A1S6 , Burnaby , BC , Canada .
| | - Kyle J Korshavn
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , USA
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan , Korea
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , USA
- Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , USA
| | - V Wee Yong
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences , Hotchkiss Brain Institute , Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Shigeki Tsutsui
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences , Hotchkiss Brain Institute , Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Peter K Stys
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences , Hotchkiss Brain Institute , Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , V5A1S6 , Burnaby , BC , Canada .
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50
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Walke GR, Ranade DS, Ramteke SN, Rapole S, Satriano C, Rizzarelli E, Tomaselli GA, Trusso Sfrazzetto G, Kulkarni PP. Fluorescent Copper Probe Inhibiting Aβ1-16-Copper(II)-Catalyzed Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Production. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:3729-3732. [PMID: 28318262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A variety of fluorescent probes are proposed to monitor the intracellular copper content. So far, none of the probes have been evaluated for their potential to inhibit copper-associated intracellular oxidative stress. Herein, we studied the ability of a fluorescent copper probe, OBEP-CS1, to inhibit intracellular oxidative stress associated with an amyloid β (Aβ) peptide-copper complex. The data showed that OBEP-CS1 completely inhibits the copper-catalyzed oxidation as well as decarboxylation/deamination of Aβ1-16. Moreover, the cell imaging experiments confirmed that OBEP-CS1 can inhibit Aβ-CuII-catalyzed reactive oxygen species production in SH-SY5Y cells. We also demonstrated that Aβ1-16 peptide can bind intracellular copper and thereby exert oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulshan R Walke
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute , Pune, India
| | | | | | - Srikanth Rapole
- Proteomics Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), University of Pune Campus , Pune, India
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici , via Celso Ulpiani, 27, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici , via Celso Ulpiani, 27, 70125 Bari, Italy.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages, National Council of Research , Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano A Tomaselli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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