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Cartland SP, Patil MS, Kelland E, Le N, Boccanfuso L, Stanley CP, Cholan PM, Dona MI, Patrick R, McGrath J, Su QP, Alwis I, Ganss R, Powell JE, Harvey RP, Pinto AR, Griffith TS, Loa J, Aitken SJ, Robinson DA, Patel S, Kavurma MM. The generation of stable microvessels in ischemia is mediated by endothelial cell derived TRAIL. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn8760. [PMID: 39365855 PMCID: PMC11451529 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn8760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Reversal of ischemia is mediated by neo-angiogenesis requiring endothelial cell (EC) and pericyte interactions to form stable microvascular networks. We describe an unrecognized role for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in potentiating neo-angiogenesis and vessel stabilization. We show that the endothelium is a major source of TRAIL in the healthy circulation compromised in peripheral artery disease (PAD). EC deletion of TRAIL in vivo or in vitro inhibited neo-angiogenesis, pericyte recruitment, and vessel stabilization, resulting in reduced lower-limb blood perfusion with ischemia. Activation of the TRAIL receptor (TRAIL-R) restored blood perfusion and stable blood vessel networks in mice. Proof-of-concept studies showed that Conatumumab, an agonistic TRAIL-R2 antibody, promoted vascular sprouts from explanted patient arteries. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor in mediating EC-pericyte communications dependent on TRAIL. These studies highlight unique TRAIL-dependent mechanisms mediating neo-angiogenesis and vessel stabilization and the potential of repurposing TRAIL-R2 agonists to stimulate stable and functional microvessel networks to treat ischemia in PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siân P. Cartland
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Peripheral Artery Disease, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Manisha S. Patil
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Peripheral Artery Disease, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elaina Kelland
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Peripheral Artery Disease, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natalie Le
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Peripheral Artery Disease, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lauren Boccanfuso
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christopher P. Stanley
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Peripheral Artery Disease, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Ralph Patrick
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Qian Peter Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Imala Alwis
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ruth Ganss
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joseph E. Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Sydney, Australia
- UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard P. Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Jacky Loa
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Aitken
- Centre for Peripheral Artery Disease, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - David A. Robinson
- Centre for Peripheral Artery Disease, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mary M. Kavurma
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Peripheral Artery Disease, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
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Luo C, He S, Shi F, Zhou J, Shang L. The Role of TRAIL Signaling in Cancer: Searching for New Therapeutic Strategies. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:521. [PMID: 39056714 PMCID: PMC11274015 DOI: 10.3390/biology13070521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer continues to pose a significant threat to global health, with its status as a leading cause of death remaining unchallenged. Within the realm of cancer research, the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) stands out as a critical player, having been identified in the 1990s as the tenth member of the TNF family. This review examines the pivotal role of TRAIL in cancer biology, focusing on its ability to induce apoptosis in malignant cells through both endogenous and exogenous pathways. We provide an in-depth analysis of TRAIL's intracellular signaling and intercellular communication, underscoring its potential as a selective anticancer agent. Additionally, the review explores TRAIL's capacity to reshape the tumor microenvironment, thereby influencing cancer progression and response to therapy. With an eye towards future developments, we discuss the prospects of harnessing TRAIL's capabilities for the creation of tailored, precision-based cancer treatments, aiming to enhance efficacy and improve patient survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Luo
- Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (S.H.); (F.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Shan He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (S.H.); (F.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (S.H.); (F.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (S.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Li Shang
- Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (S.H.); (F.S.)
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Ducatez F, Tebani A, Abily-Donval L, Snanoudj S, Pilon C, Plichet T, Le Chatelier C, Bekri S, Marret S. New insights and potential biomarkers for intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely premature infant, case-control study. Pediatr Res 2024; 96:395-401. [PMID: 38467704 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advancements in neonatal care, germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage impacts 20% of very preterm infants, exacerbating their neurological prognosis. Understanding its complex, multifactorial pathophysiology and rapid onset remains challenging. This study aims to link specific cord blood biomolecules at birth with post-natal germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage onset. METHODS A monocentric, prospective case-control study was conducted at Rouen University Hospital from 2015 to 2020. Premature newborns ( < 30 gestational age) were included and cord blood was sampled in the delivery room. A retrospective matching procedure was held in 2021 to select samples for proteomic and metabolomic analysis of 370 biomolecules. RESULTS 26 patients with germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage cases and 60 controls were included. Clinical differences were minimal, except for higher invasive ventilation rates in the germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage group. Germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage newborns exhibited lower phosphatidylcholine levels and elevated levels of four proteins: BOC cell adhesion-associated protein, placental growth factor, Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 2, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2. CONCLUSION This study identifies biomolecules that may be linked to subsequent germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage, suggesting heightened vascular disruption risk as an independent factor. These results need further validation but could serve as early germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage risk biomarkers for future evaluations. IMPACT Decrease in certain phosphatidylcholines and increase in four proteins in cord blood at birth may be linked to subsequent germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage in premature newborns. The four proteins are BOC cell adhesion-associated protein, placental growth factor, leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 2, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2. This biological imprint could point toward higher vascular disruption risk as an independent risk factor for this complication and with further validations, could be used for better stratification of premature newborns at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Ducatez
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care, and Neuropediatrics, 76000, Rouen, France
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Abdellah Tebani
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Lenaig Abily-Donval
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care, and Neuropediatrics, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Sarah Snanoudj
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Carine Pilon
- CHU Rouen, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Plichet
- CHU Rouen, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Charlotte Le Chatelier
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care, and Neuropediatrics, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Soumeya Bekri
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Stéphane Marret
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care, and Neuropediatrics, 76000, Rouen, France.
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Gunalp S, Helvaci DG, Oner A, Bursalı A, Conforte A, Güner H, Karakülah G, Szegezdi E, Sag D. TRAIL promotes the polarization of human macrophages toward a proinflammatory M1 phenotype and is associated with increased survival in cancer patients with high tumor macrophage content. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1209249. [PMID: 37809073 PMCID: PMC10551148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1209249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF superfamily that can either induce cell death or activate survival pathways after binding to death receptors (DRs) DR4 or DR5. TRAIL is investigated as a therapeutic agent in clinical trials due to its selective toxicity to transformed cells. Macrophages can be polarized into pro-inflammatory/tumor-fighting M1 macrophages or anti-inflammatory/tumor-supportive M2 macrophages and an imbalance between M1 and M2 macrophages can promote diseases. Therefore, identifying modulators that regulate macrophage polarization is important to design effective macrophage-targeted immunotherapies. The impact of TRAIL on macrophage polarization is not known. Methods Primary human monocyte-derived macrophages were pre-treated with either TRAIL or with DR4 or DR5-specific ligands and then polarized into M1, M2a, or M2c phenotypes in vitro. The expression of M1 and M2 markers in macrophage subtypes was analyzed by RNA sequencing, qPCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the macrophages against U937 AML tumor targets was assessed by flow cytometry. TCGA datasets were also analyzed to correlate TRAIL with M1/M2 markers, and the overall survival of cancer patients. Results TRAIL increased the expression of M1 markers at both mRNA and protein levels while decreasing the expression of M2 markers at the mRNA level in human macrophages. TRAIL also shifted M2 macrophages towards an M1 phenotype. Our data showed that both DR4 and DR5 death receptors play a role in macrophage polarization. Furthermore, TRAIL enhanced the cytotoxicity of macrophages against the AML cancer cells in vitro. Finally, TRAIL expression was positively correlated with increased expression of M1 markers in the tumors from ovarian and sarcoma cancer patients and longer overall survival in cases with high, but not low, tumor macrophage content. Conclusions TRAIL promotes the polarization of human macrophages toward a proinflammatory M1 phenotype via both DR4 and DR5. Our study defines TRAIL as a new regulator of macrophage polarization and suggests that targeting DRs can enhance the anti-tumorigenic response of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment by increasing M1 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Gunalp
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Genomic Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Derya Goksu Helvaci
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Aysenur Oner
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Genomic Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | | | - Alessandra Conforte
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hüseyin Güner
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Science, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Gökhan Karakülah
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Genomic Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Eva Szegezdi
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Duygu Sag
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Genomic Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
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5
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Riera-Domingo C, Leite-Gomes E, Charatsidou I, Zhao P, Carrá G, Cappellesso F, Mourao L, De Schepper M, Liu D, Serneels J, Alameh MG, Shuvaev VV, Geukens T, Isnaldi E, Prenen H, Weissman D, Muzykantov VR, Soenen S, Desmedt C, Scheele CL, Sablina A, Di Matteo M, Martín-Pérez R, Mazzone M. Breast tumors interfere with endothelial TRAIL at the premetastatic niche to promote cancer cell seeding. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd5028. [PMID: 36947620 PMCID: PMC10032608 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add5028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) grant access of disseminated cancer cells to distant organs. However, the molecular players regulating the activation of quiescent ECs at the premetastatic niche (PMN) remain elusive. Here, we find that ECs at the PMN coexpress tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its cognate death receptor 5 (DR5). Unexpectedly, endothelial TRAIL interacts intracellularly with DR5 to prevent its signaling and preserve a quiescent vascular phenotype. In absence of endothelial TRAIL, DR5 activation induces EC death and nuclear factor κB/p38-dependent EC stickiness, compromising vascular integrity and promoting myeloid cell infiltration, breast cancer cell adhesion, and metastasis. Consistently, both down-regulation of endothelial TRAIL at the PMN by proangiogenic tumor-secreted factors and the presence of the endogenous TRAIL inhibitors decoy receptor 1 (DcR1) and DcR2 favor metastasis. This study discloses an intracrine mechanism whereby TRAIL blocks DR5 signaling in quiescent endothelia, acting as gatekeeper of the vascular barrier that is corrupted by the tumor during cancer cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Riera-Domingo
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eduarda Leite-Gomes
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iris Charatsidou
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peihua Zhao
- Laboratory for Mechanisms of Cell Transformation, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Mechanisms of Cell Transformation, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giovanna Carrá
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Cappellesso
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Larissa Mourao
- Laboratory for Intravital Imaging and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Intravital Imaging and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maxim De Schepper
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dana Liu
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jens Serneels
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Vladimir V. Shuvaev
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tatjana Geukens
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edoardo Isnaldi
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Prenen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Drew Weissman
- Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vladimir R. Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stefaan Soenen
- Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Desmedt
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Colinda L. G. J. Scheele
- Laboratory for Intravital Imaging and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Intravital Imaging and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Sablina
- Laboratory for Mechanisms of Cell Transformation, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Mechanisms of Cell Transformation, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mario Di Matteo
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rosa Martín-Pérez
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Immune Checkpoint and Other Receptor-Ligand Pairs Modulating Macrophages in Cancer: Present and Prospects. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235963. [PMID: 36497444 PMCID: PMC9736575 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint blocking, has become the primary anti-tumor treatment in recent years. However, the current immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is far from satisfactory. Macrophages are a key component of anti-tumor immunity as they are a common immune cell subset in tumor tissues and act as a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Hence, understanding the regulation of macrophage activation in tumor tissues by receptor-ligand interaction will provide promising macrophage-targeting strategies to complement current adaptive immunity-based immunotherapy and traditional anti-tumor treatment. This review aims to offer a systematic summary of the current advances in number, structure, expression, biological function, and interplay of immune checkpoint and other receptor-ligand between macrophages and tumor cells.
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7
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Singh D, Tewari M, Singh S, Narayan G. Revisiting the role of TRAIL/TRAIL-R in cancer biology and therapy. Future Oncol 2021; 17:581-596. [PMID: 33401962 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF superfamily, can induce apoptosis in cancer cells, sparing normal cells when bound to its associated death receptors (DR4/DR5). This unique mechanism makes TRAIL a potential anticancer therapeutic agent. However, clinical trials of recombinant TRAIL protein and TRAIL receptor agonist monoclonal antibodies have shown disappointing results due to its short half-life, poor pharmacokinetics and the resistance of the cancer cells. This review summarizes TRAIL-induced apoptotic and survival pathways as well as mechanisms leading to apoptotic resistance. Recent development of methods to overcome cancer cell resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, such as protein modification, combination therapy and TRAIL-based gene therapy, appear promising. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities in the development of TRAIL-based therapies for the treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Singh
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Mallika Tewari
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sunita Singh
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Gopeshwar Narayan
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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8
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Aboulnasr F, Krogman A, Graham RP, Cummins NW, Misra A, Garcia-Rivera E, Anderson JR, Natesampillai S, Kogan N, Aravamudan M, Nie Z, Chung TDY, Buick R, Feldman AL, King RL, Novak AJ, Ansell SM, Kenderian S, Badley AD. Human Cancers Express TRAILshort, a Dominant Negative TRAIL Splice Variant, Which Impairs Immune Effector Cell Killing of Tumor Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5759-5771. [PMID: 32669373 PMCID: PMC7642027 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression by immune cells contributes to antitumor immunity. A naturally occurring splice variant of TRAIL, called TRAILshort, antagonizes TRAIL-dependent cell killing. It is unknown whether tumor cells express TRAILshort and if it impacts antitumor immunity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used an unbiased informatics approach to identify TRAILshort expression in primary human cancers, and validated those results with IHC and ISH. TRAILshort-specific mAbs were used to determine the effect of TRAILshort on tumor cell sensitivity to TRAIL, and to immune effector cell dependent killing of autologous primary tumors. RESULTS As many as 40% of primary human tumors express TRAILshort by both RNA sequencing and IHC analysis. By ISH, TRAILshort expression is present in tumor cells and not bystander cells. TRAILshort inhibition enhances cancer cell lines sensitivity to TRAIL-dependent killing both in vitro and in immunodeficient xenograft mouse models. Immune effector cells isolated from patients with B-cell malignancies killed more autologous tumor cells in the presence compared with the absence of TRAILshort antibody (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results identify TRAILshort in primary human malignancies, and suggest that TRAILshort blockade can augment the effector function of autologous immune effector cells.See related commentary by de Miguel and Pardo, p. 5546.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Aboulnasr
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ashton Krogman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rondell P Graham
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nathan W Cummins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anisha Misra
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Jeff R Anderson
- Office of Translation to Practice, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | - Zilin Nie
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Thomas D Y Chung
- Office of Translation to Practice, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Rebecca L King
- Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anne J Novak
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Saad Kenderian
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew D Badley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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9
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Patil MS, Cartland SP, Kavurma MM. TRAIL signals, extracellular matrix and vessel remodelling. VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 2:R73-R84. [PMID: 32923976 PMCID: PMC7439926 DOI: 10.1530/vb-20-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential part of the vasculature, not only providing structural support to the blood vessel wall, but also in its ability to interact with cells to regulate cell phenotype and function including proliferation, migration, differentiation and death – processes important in vascular remodelling. Increasing evidence implicates TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signalling in the modulation of vascular cell function and remodelling under normal and pathological conditions such as in atherosclerosis. TRAIL can also stimulate synthesis of multiple ECM components within blood vessels. This review explores the relationship between TRAIL signals, the ECM, and its implications in vessel remodelling in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha S Patil
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Siân P Cartland
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mary M Kavurma
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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10
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Lafont E. Stress Management: Death Receptor Signalling and Cross-Talks with the Unfolded Protein Response in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1113. [PMID: 32365592 PMCID: PMC7281445 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout tumour progression, tumour cells are exposed to various intense cellular stress conditions owing to intrinsic and extrinsic cues, to which some cells are remarkably able to adapt. Death Receptor (DR) signalling and the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) are two stress responses that both regulate a plethora of outcomes, ranging from proliferation, differentiation, migration, cytokine production to the induction of cell death. Both signallings are major modulators of physiological tissue homeostasis and their dysregulation is involved in tumorigenesis and the metastastic process. The molecular determinants of the control between the different cellular outcomes induced by DR signalling and the UPR in tumour cells and their stroma and their consequences on tumorigenesis are starting to be unravelled. Herein, I summarize the main steps of DR signalling in relation to its cellular and pathophysiological roles in cancer. I then highlight how the UPR and DR signalling control common cellular outcomes and also cross-talk, providing potential opportunities to further understand the development of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Lafont
- Inserm U1242, Université de Rennes, 35042 Rennes, France;
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, 35042 Rennes, France
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11
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Rozga P, Kloska D, Pawlak S, Teska-Kaminska M, Galazka M, Bukato K, Pieczykolan A, Jaworski A, Molga-Kaczmarska A, Kopacz A, Badyra B, Kachamakova-Trojanowska N, Zolnierkiewicz O, Targosz-Korecka M, Poleszak K, Szymanik M, Zerek B, Pieczykolan J, Jozkowicz A, Grochot-Przeczek A. Novel engineered TRAIL-based chimeric protein strongly inhibits tumor growth and bypasses TRAIL resistance. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:1117-1130. [PMID: 31863596 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeting of the TRAIL-DR4/5 pathway was proposed as a promising approach for specific induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. Clinical trials, however, showed inadequate efficiency of TRAIL as a monotherapy. It is a widely held view that the application of multifunctional molecules or combination therapy may lead to substantial improvement. Here, we demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of a novel chimeric protein, AD-O51.4, which is a TRAIL equipped with positively charged VEGFA-derived effector peptides. The study was performed in multiple cancer cell line- and patient-derived xenografts. A pharmacokinetic profile was established in monkeys. AD-O51.4 strongly inhibits tumor growth, even leading to complete long-term tumor remission. Neither mice nor monkeys treated with AD-O51.4 demonstrate symptoms of drug toxicity. AD-O51.4 exhibits a satisfactory half-life in plasma and accumulates preferentially in tumors. The cellular mechanism of AD-O51.4 activity involves both cytotoxic effects in tumor cells and antiangiogenic effects on the endothelium. The presence of DRs in cancer cells is crucial for AD-O51.4-driven apoptosis execution. The TRAIL component of the fusion molecule serves as an apoptosis inducer and a cellular anchor for the effector peptides in TRAIL-sensitive and TRAIL-resistant cancer cells, respectively. The FADD-dependent pathway, however, seems to be not indispensable in death signal transduction; thus, AD-O51.4 is capable of bypassing the refractoriness of TRAIL. AD-O51.4-driven cell death, which exceeds TRAIL activity, is achieved due to the N-terminally fused polypeptide, containing VEGFA-derived effector peptides. The high anticancer efficiency of AD-O51.4 combined with its safety has led to the entry of AD-O51.4 into toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rozga
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | - Damian Kloska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sebastian Pawlak
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | | | - Marlena Galazka
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bukato
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | - Anna Pieczykolan
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | - Albert Jaworski
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Kopacz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bogna Badyra
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Neli Kachamakova-Trojanowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olga Zolnierkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Targosz-Korecka
- Department of Physics of Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Poleszak
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | - Michal Szymanik
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Zerek
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Pieczykolan
- Department of Drug Discovery, Adamed Pharma S.A. Pienkow, Czosnow, Poland
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Grochot-Przeczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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12
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Zhong HH, Wang HY, Li J, Huang YZ. TRAIL-based gene delivery and therapeutic strategies. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1373-1385. [PMID: 31444476 PMCID: PMC6889127 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand), also known as APO2L, belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. By binding to the death receptor 4 (DR4) or DR5, TRAIL induces apoptosis of tumor cells without causing side toxicity in normal tissues. In recent years TRAIL-based therapy has attracted great attention for its promise of serving as a cancer drug candidate. However, the treatment efficacy of TRAIL protein was under expectation in the clinical trials because of the short half-life and the resistance of cancer cells. TRAIL gene transfection can produce a "bystander effect" of tumor cell killing and provide a potential solution to TRAIL-based cancer therapy. In this review we focus on TRAIL gene therapy and various design strategies of TRAIL DNA delivery including non-viral vectors and cell-based TRAIL therapy. In order to sensitize the tumor cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, combination therapy of TRAIL DNA with other drugs by the codelivery methods for yielding a synergistic antitumor efficacy is summarized. The opportunities and challenges of TRAIL-based gene delivery and therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hai Zhong
- Shanghai University College of Sciences, Shanghai, 200444, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jian Li
- Shanghai University College of Sciences, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yong-Zhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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13
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Sag D, Ayyildiz ZO, Gunalp S, Wingender G. The Role of TRAIL/DRs in the Modulation of Immune Cells and Responses. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101469. [PMID: 31574961 PMCID: PMC6826877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis–inducing ligand) by immune cells can lead to the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. However, it becomes increasingly clear that the interaction of TRAIL and its death receptors (DRs) can also directly impact immune cells and influence immune responses. Here, we review what is known about the role of TRAIL/DRs in immune cells and immune responses in general and in the tumor microenvironment in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Sag
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Ozge Ayyildiz
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Sinem Gunalp
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Gerhard Wingender
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Technologies, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
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14
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de Looff M, de Jong S, Kruyt FAE. Multiple Interactions Between Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment Modulate TRAIL Signaling: Implications for TRAIL Receptor Targeted Therapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1530. [PMID: 31333662 PMCID: PMC6617985 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signaling is far more complex than initially anticipated and can lead to either anti- or protumorigenic effects, hampering the successful clinical use of therapeutic TRAIL receptor agonists. Cell autonomous resistance mechanisms have been identified in addition to paracrine factors that can modulate apoptosis sensitivity. The tumor microenvironment (TME), consisting of cellular and non-cellular components, is a source for multiple signals that are able to modulate TRAIL signaling in tumor and stromal cells. Particularly immune effector cells, also part of the TME, employ the TRAIL/TRAIL-R system whereby cell surface expressed TRAIL can activate apoptosis via TRAIL receptors on tumor cells, which is part of tumor immune surveillance. In this review we aim to dissect the impact of the TME on signaling induced by endogenous and exogenous/therapeutic TRAIL, thereby distinguishing different components of the TME such as immune effector cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and non-hematopoietic stromal cells. In addition, also non-cellular biochemical and biophysical properties of the TME are considered including mechanical stress, acidity, hypoxia, and glucose deprivation. Available literature thus far indicates that tumor-TME interactions are complex and often bidirectional leading to tumor-enhancing or tumor-reducing effects in a tumor model- and tumor type-dependent fashion. Multiple signals originating from different components of the TME simultaneously affect TRAIL receptor signaling. We conclude that in order to unleash the full clinical potential of TRAIL receptor agonists it will be necessary to increase our understanding of the contribution of different TME components on outcome of therapeutic TRAIL receptor activation in order to identify the most critical mechanism responsible for resistance, allowing the design of effective combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot de Looff
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Steven de Jong
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Frank A E Kruyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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15
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Cui H, Han W, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Su X. Advances in the Regulatory Effects of Bioactive Peptides on Metabolic Signaling Pathways in Tumor Cells. J Cancer 2019; 10:2425-2433. [PMID: 31258747 PMCID: PMC6584345 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in cell metabolism are an important feature of tumors that has always been an intense topic of study, particularly in regard to whether metabolic disorders are a cause or an effect of tumorigenesis. Studies have shown that the processes underlying metabolic changes in tumors involve the activation of protooncogenes and the inactivation of cancer suppressor genes, as well as changes in metabolic flux in cells due to the abnormal activation of signaling pathways that modulate metabolic enzymes and/or metabolic regulatory proteins at several levels, including transfer and posttranslational modification. Thus, the repair of abnormal metabolic pathways via intervention in the relevant tumor metabolic pathways that impact specific targets has become a new method of cancer prevention and treatment. Bioactive peptides, which have many biological functions, could specifically target malignant tumors. Their interaction with signal transduction molecules involved in the development and transference of tumors could regulate the relevant cell metabolic pathways and inhibit the development of tumors and/or accelerate apoptosis in tumor cells. In this review, several aspects of tumor suppression using bioactive peptides will be discussed and summarized, including the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, and STST3 signaling pathways, the modulation of the TRAIL death receptor signaling pathway, the regulation of aerobic glycolysis by PKM2, and the modulation of the NF-кB signaling pathway, to aid in the search for better and more specific antineoplastic drugs in the form of bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Cui
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Wenyan Han
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Junyao Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Su
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
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16
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Tsukita Y, Okazaki T, Ebihara S, Komatsu R, Nihei M, Kobayashi M, Hirano T, Sugiura H, Tamada T, Tanaka N, Sato Y, Yagita H, Ichinose M. Beneficial effects of sunitinib on tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy targeting death receptor5. Oncoimmunology 2018; 8:e1543526. [PMID: 30713805 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1543526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated blood vessels and lymphatics are abnormal and dysfunctional. These are hallmarks of the tumor microenvironment, which has an immunosuppressive nature, such as through hypoxia. Treatment with anti-death receptor5 (DR5) monoclonal antibody MD5-1, which induces tumor cell death, is a potent anti-tumor immunotherapy. Generally, MD5-1 induces cell death mainly via antigen presenting cells (APCs) and generates tumor-specific effector T cells. To date, the effects of a simultaneous functional improvement of abnormal blood vessels and lymphatics on the immune microenvironment are largely unknown. A combination therapy using sunitinib, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitor, and MD5-1 substantially inhibited tumor growth. Sunitinib improved pericyte coverage on endothelial cells and the expression levels of regulator of G-protein signaling 5, suggesting blood vessel normalization. Sunitinib also increased lymph flow from tumors to central lymph nodes, suggesting improved lymphatic function. In concordance with improved vasculature functions, sunitinib alleviated the tumor hypoxia, suggesting an improved tumor microenvironment. Indeed, the combination therapy induced strong activation of CD8+ T cells and dendritic cells in draining lymph nodes. The combination therapy reduced the ratio of immune-suppressive T regulatory cells in the tumors and draining lymph nodes. The combination therapy enhanced the numbers and activation of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. CD4 and/or CD8 depletion, or APC inhibiting experiments showed the contribution of CD8+ T cells and APCs to the combination therapy. These findings suggest that targeting blood vessels and lymphatics may have potential benefits for immunotherapy mediated by CD8+ T cells and APCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Tsukita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Okazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Present address; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoru Ebihara
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riyo Komatsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nihei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taizou Hirano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Sugiura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Division of Tumor Immunobiology, Department of Cancer Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Sato
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ichinose
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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17
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Chen Y, Wei L, Zhang X, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhang S, Zhou L, Li Q, Pan Q, Zhao S, Liu H. 3‑Bromopyruvate sensitizes human breast cancer cells to TRAIL‑induced apoptosis via the phosphorylated AMPK‑mediated upregulation of DR5. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2435-2444. [PMID: 30132536 PMCID: PMC6151892 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis is associated with the expression of death receptors on the cell membrane. However, drug resistance limits the use of TRAIL in cancer therapy. Numerous studies have indicated that death receptors, which induce apoptosis, are upregulated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. 3-Bromopyruvate (3-BP), an anticancer agent, inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis through interfering with glycolysis. In the present study, it was demonstrated that 3-BP synergistically sensitized breast cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via the upregulation of death receptor 5 (DR5). Furthermore, we found that the protein levels of glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) increased following treatment with 3-BP. The expression of Bax (in MCF-7 cells) and caspase-3 (in MDA-MB-231 cells) increased following co-treatment with 3-BP and TRAIL, whereas the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased. In order to investigate the molecular mechanism regulating this effect, the expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), activated by 3-BP, was determined. It was demonstrated that phosphorylated-AMPK was upregulated following treatment with 3-BP. Notably, Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, reversed the effects of 3-BP. Finally, a synergistic antitumor effect of 3-BP and TRAIL was observed in MCF-7 cell xenografts in nude mice. In conclusion, these results indicated that 3-BP sensitized breast cancer cells to TRAIL via the AMPK-mediated upregulation of DR5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Xianfu Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Yansong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Lanzhu Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Qixiang Li
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Pan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Surong Zhao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
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18
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Shi Y, Pang X, Wang J, Liu G. NanoTRAIL-Oncology: A Strategic Approach in Cancer Research and Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2018. [PMID: 29527836 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
TRAIL is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that can largely trigger apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells, but not in normal cells. However, insufficient exposure to cancer tissues or cells and drug resistance has severely impeded the clinical application of TRAIL. Recently, nanobiotechnology has brought about a revolution in advanced drug delivery for enhanced anticancer therapy using TRAIL. With the help of materials science, immunology, genetic engineering, and protein engineering, substantial progress is made by expressing fusion proteins with TRAIL, engineering TRAIL on biological membranes, and loading TRAIL into functional nanocarriers or conjugating it onto their surfaces. Thus, the nanoparticle-based TRAIL (nanoTRAIL) opens up intriguing opportunities for efficient and safe bioapplications. In this review, the mechanisms of action and biological function of TRAIL, as well as the current status of TRAIL treatment, are comprehensively discussed. The application of functional nanotechnology combined with TRAIL in cancer therapy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine; School of Public Health; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine; School of Public Health; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine; School of Public Health; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Guangxi Biological Medicine and the; Medical and Scientific Research Center; Guangxi Medical University; Nanning 530021 China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine; School of Public Health; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 China
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19
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Kaempferol Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest via Checkpoint Kinase 2 and Promotes Apoptosis via Death Receptors in Human Ovarian Carcinoma A2780/CP70 Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051095. [PMID: 29734760 PMCID: PMC6065264 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol is a widely distributed dietary flavonoid. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated kaempferol consumption lowers the risk of ovarian cancer. Our previous research proved that kaempferol suppresses human ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. However, the effects of kaempferol on the cell cycle and extrinsic apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells have not yet been studied. In the present study, we demonstrated that kaempferol induced G2/M cell cycle arrest via the Chk2/Cdc25C/Cdc2 pathway and Chk2/p21/Cdc2 pathway in human ovarian cancer A2780/CP70 cells. Chk2 was not responsible for kaempferol-induced apoptosis and up-regulation of p53. Kaempferol stimulated extrinsic apoptosis via death receptors/FADD/Caspase-8 pathway. Our study suggested that Chk2 and death receptors played important roles in the anticancer activity of kaempferol in A2780/CP70 cells. These findings provide more evidence of the anti-ovarian cancer properties of kaempferol and suggest that kaempferol could be a potential candidate for ovarian cancer adjuvant therapy.
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20
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Legler K, Hauser C, Egberts JH, Willms A, Heneweer C, Boretius S, Röcken C, Glüer CC, Becker T, Kluge M, Hill O, Gieffers C, Fricke H, Kalthoff H, Lemke J, Trauzold A. The novel TRAIL-receptor agonist APG350 exerts superior therapeutic activity in pancreatic cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:445. [PMID: 29670075 PMCID: PMC5906476 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has raised attention as a novel anticancer therapeutic as it induces apoptosis preferentially in tumor cells. However, first-generation TRAIL-receptor agonists (TRAs), comprising recombinant TRAIL and agonistic receptor-specific antibodies, have not demonstrated anticancer activity in clinical studies. In fact, cancer cells are often resistant to conventional TRAs. Therefore, in addition to TRAIL-sensitizing strategies, next-generation TRAs with superior apoptotic activity are warranted. APG350 is a novel, highly potent TRAIL-receptor agonist with a hexavalent binding mode allowing the clustering of six TRAIL-receptors per drug molecule. Here we report on preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies testing the activity of APG350 on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. We found that APG350 potently induced apoptosis of Colo357, PancTuI and Panc89 cells in vitro. In addition, APG350 treatment activated non-canonical TRAIL signaling pathways (MAPK, p38, JNK, ERK1/ERK2 and NF-κB) and induced the secretion of IL-8. Stable overexpression of Bcl-xL inhibited APG350-induced cell death and augmented activation of non-canonical pathways. Intriguingly, pre-treatment of Bcl-xL-overexpressing cells with the BH3-mimic Navitoclax restored their sensitivity to APG350. To study the effects of APG350 on PDAC cells in vivo, we applied two different orthotopic xenotransplantation mouse models, with and without primary tumor resection, representing adjuvant and palliative treatment regimes, respectively. APG350 treatment of established tumors (palliative treatment) significantly reduced tumor burden. These effects, however, were not seen in tumors with enforced overexpression of Bcl-xL. Upon primary tumor resection and subsequent APG350 treatment (adjuvant therapy), APG350 limited recurrent tumor growth and metastases. Importantly, therapeutic efficacy of APG350 treatment was more effective compared with treatment with soluble TRAIL in both models. In conclusion, APG350 represents a promising next-generation TRA for the treatment of PDAC. Moreover, our results suggest that combining APG350 with Navitoclax might be a succesfull strategy for cancers harboring mitochondrial apoptosis resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Legler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hauser
- Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Egberts
- Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Willms
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carola Heneweer
- Clinic for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susann Boretius
- Clinic for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Functional Imaging Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research and Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Claus-Christian Glüer
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Diagnostic Radiology und Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Kluge
- APOGENIX AG, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, Heidelberg, Germany.,Affimed GmbH, Im Neuenheimer Feld 582, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hill
- APOGENIX AG, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Harald Fricke
- APOGENIX AG, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Lemke
- Clinic of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Trauzold
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. .,Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
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21
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Liguori M, Buracchi C, Pasqualini F, Bergomas F, Pesce S, Sironi M, Grizzi F, Mantovani A, Belgiovine C, Allavena P. Functional TRAIL receptors in monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages: A possible targeting pathway in the tumor microenvironment. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41662-41676. [PMID: 27191500 PMCID: PMC5173086 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the accepted dogma that TRAIL kills only tumor cells and spares normal ones, we show in this study that mononuclear phagocytes are susceptible to recombinant TRAIL via caspase-dependent apoptosis. Human resting monocytes and in vitro-differentiated macrophages expressed substantial levels of the functional TRAIL receptors (TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2), while neutrophils and lymphocytes mostly expressed the non-signaling decoy receptor (TRAIL-R3). Accordingly, exclusively monocytes and macrophages activated caspase-8 and underwent apoptosis upon recombinant TRAIL treatment. TRAIL-Rs were up-regulated by anti-inflammatory agents (IL-10, glucocorticoids) and by natural compounds (Apigenin, Quercetin, Palmitate) and their treatment resulted in increased TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In mice, the only signaling TRAIL-R (DR5) was preferentially expressed by blood monocytes rather than neutrophils or lymphocytes. In both mice and humans, Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAM) expressed functional TRAIL-R, while resident macrophages in normal tissues did not. As a proof of principle, we treated mice bearing a murine TRAIL-resistant fibrosarcoma with recombinant TRAIL. We observed significant decrease of circulating monocytes and infiltrating TAM, as well as reduced tumor growth and lower metastasis formation. Overall, these findings demonstrate that human and murine monocytes/macrophages are, among leukocytes, uniquely susceptible to TRAIL-mediated killing. This differential susceptibility to TRAIL could be exploited to selectively target macrophages in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Liguori
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Buracchi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Pasqualini
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Bergomas
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Samantha Pesce
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Sironi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Grizzi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Humanitas University, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Belgiovine
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS-Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Humanitas University, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
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22
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Watson EC, Grant ZL, Coultas L. Endothelial cell apoptosis in angiogenesis and vessel regression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:4387-4403. [PMID: 28646366 PMCID: PMC11107683 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessel regression is an essential process for ensuring blood vessel networks function at optimal efficiency and for matching blood supply to the metabolic needs of tissues as they change over time. Angiogenesis is the major mechanism by which new blood vessels are produced, but the vessel growth associated with angiogenesis must be complemented by remodeling and maturation events including the removal of redundant vessel segments and cells to fashion the newly forming vasculature into an efficient, hierarchical network. This review will summarize recent findings on the role that endothelial cell apoptosis plays in vascular remodeling during angiogenesis and in vessel regression more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Watson
- Development and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zoe L Grant
- Development and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Leigh Coultas
- Development and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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23
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Lin S, Negulescu A, Bulusu S, Gibert B, Delcros JG, Ducarouge B, Rama N, Gadot N, Treilleux I, Saintigny P, Meurette O, Mehlen P. Non-canonical NOTCH3 signalling limits tumour angiogenesis. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16074. [PMID: 28719575 PMCID: PMC5520050 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signalling is a causal determinant of cancer and efforts have been made to develop targeted therapies to inhibit the so-called canonical pathway. Here we describe an unexpected pro-apoptotic role of Notch3 in regulating tumour angiogenesis independently of the Notch canonical pathway. The Notch3 ligand Jagged-1 is upregulated in a fraction of human cancer and our data support the view that Jagged-1, produced by cancer cells, is inhibiting the apoptosis induced by the aberrant Notch3 expression in tumour vasculature. We thus present Notch3 as a dependence receptor inducing endothelial cell death while this pro-apoptotic activity is blocked by Jagged-1. Along this line, using Notch3 mutant mice, we demonstrate that tumour growth and angiogenesis are increased when Notch3 is silenced in the stroma. Consequently, we show that the well-documented anti-tumour effect mediated by γ-secretase inhibition is at least in part dependent on the apoptosis triggered by Notch3 in endothelial cells. Notch signalling is deregulated in several cancers; therefore, strategies targeting this pathway are currently being explored. Here the authors report a pro-apoptotic function of Notch3 in endothelial cells; consequently, when Notch3 is silenced in stroma cells, tumour growth and angiogenesis are increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuheng Lin
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Ana Negulescu
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Sirisha Bulusu
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Gibert
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Guy Delcros
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Ducarouge
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Rama
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Gadot
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Treilleux
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Meurette
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France.,Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
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24
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von Karstedt S, Montinaro A, Walczak H. Exploring the TRAILs less travelled: TRAIL in cancer biology and therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2017; 17:352-366. [PMID: 28536452 DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2017.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that the tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) can induce apoptosis of cancer cells without causing toxicity in mice has led to the in-depth study of pro-apoptotic TRAIL receptor (TRAIL-R) signalling and the development of biotherapeutic drug candidates that activate TRAIL-Rs. The outcome of clinical trials with these TRAIL-R agonists has, however, been disappointing so far. Recent evidence indicates that many cancers, in addition to being TRAIL resistant, use the endogenous TRAIL-TRAIL-R system to their own advantage. However, novel insight on two fronts - how resistance of cancer cells to TRAIL-based pro-apoptotic therapies might be overcome, and how the pro-tumorigenic effects of endogenous TRAIL might be countered - gives reasonable hope that the TRAIL system can be harnessed to treat cancer. In this Review we assess the status quo of our understanding of the biology of the TRAIL-TRAIL-R system - as well as the gaps therein - and discuss the opportunities and challenges in effectively targeting this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia von Karstedt
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Antonella Montinaro
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
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25
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Lee H, Hong BJ, Lee JH, Yeo S, Jung HY, Chung J, Ahn GO, Hahn SK. Hyaluronate-Death Receptor 5 Antibody Conjugates for Targeted Treatment of Liver Metastasis. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3085-93. [PMID: 27517529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The liver is the most frequent site of metastasis with a 5-year survival rate of only 20-40%. In this work, hyaluronate (HA)-death receptor 5 antibody (DR5 Ab) conjugate was synthesized as a dual targeting therapeutic agent to treat liver metastasis. Dual targeting was achieved by DR5 Ab, a humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody binding to DR5 frequently overexpressed in many kinds of cancer cells, and by HA, a natural polysaccharide binding to HA receptors highly expressed in both the liver and cancer cells. Thiol end-modified HA was site-specifically conjugated to N-glycan on Fc region of oxidized DR5 Ab using a heterobifunctional linker of 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionyl hydrazide (PDPH). The successful synthesis of HA-DR5 Ab conjugate was confirmed by (1)H NMR, purpald assay, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro analysis of HA-DR5 Ab conjugate revealed that the conjugation of HA to DR5 Ab did not affect the binding affinity and anticancer efficacy of DR5 Ab. Remarkably, according to in vivo bioimaging study, HA-DR5 Ab conjugate appeared to be highly accumulated in the liver and dramatically effective in inhibiting the tumor growth in liver metastasis model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hoe-Yune Jung
- R&D Center, NovMetaPharma Co., Ltd., Jigokdong, Nam-gu, Pohang, 790-834, Korea
| | - Junho Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
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26
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Murphy KA, James BR, Guan Y, Torry DS, Wilber A, Griffith TS. Exploiting natural anti-tumor immunity for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:1612-20. [PMID: 25996049 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1035849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical observations of spontaneous disease regression in some renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients implicate a role for tumor immunity in controlling this disease. Puzzling, however, are findings that high levels of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are common to RCC. Despite expression of activation markers by TILs, functional impairment of innate and adaptive immune cells has been consistently demonstrated contributing to the failure of the immune system to control RCC. Immunotherapy can overcome the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor and provide an opportunity for long-term disease free survival. Unfortunately, complete response rates remain sub-optimal indicating the effectiveness of immunotherapy remains limited by tumor-specific factors and/or cell types that inhibit antitumor immune responses. Here we discuss immunotherapies and the function of multiple immune system components to achieve an effective response. Understanding these complex interactions is essential to rationally develop novel therapies capable of renewing the immune system's ability to respond to these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Murphy
- a Department of Urology; University of Minnesota ; Minneapolis , MN , USA
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27
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Brünker P, Wartha K, Friess T, Grau-Richards S, Waldhauer I, Koller CF, Weiser B, Majety M, Runza V, Niu H, Packman K, Feng N, Daouti S, Hosse RJ, Mössner E, Weber TG, Herting F, Scheuer W, Sade H, Shao C, Liu B, Wang P, Xu G, Vega-Harring S, Klein C, Bosslet K, Umaña P. RG7386, a Novel Tetravalent FAP-DR5 Antibody, Effectively Triggers FAP-Dependent, Avidity-Driven DR5 Hyperclustering and Tumor Cell Apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:946-57. [PMID: 27037412 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated cellular apoptosis and resistance to cell death are hallmarks of neoplastic initiation and disease progression. Therefore, the development of agents that overcome apoptosis dysregulation in tumor cells is an attractive therapeutic approach. Activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway is strongly dependent on death receptor (DR) hyperclustering on the cell surface. However, strategies to activate DR5 or DR4 through agonistic antibodies have had only limited clinical success. To pursue an alternative approach for tumor-targeted induction of apoptosis, we engineered a bispecific antibody (BsAb), which simultaneously targets fibroblast-activation protein (FAP) on cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor stroma and DR5 on tumor cells. We hypothesized that bivalent binding to both FAP and DR5 leads to avidity-driven hyperclustering of DR5 and subsequently strong induction of apoptosis in tumor cells but not in normal cells. Here, we show that RG7386, an optimized FAP-DR5 BsAb, triggers potent tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo in preclinical tumor models with FAP-positive stroma. RG7386 antitumor efficacy was strictly FAP dependent, was independent of FcR cross-linking, and was superior to conventional DR5 antibodies. In combination with irinotecan or doxorubicin, FAP-DR5 treatment resulted in substantial tumor regression in patient-derived xenograft models. FAP-DR5 also demonstrated single-agent activity against FAP-expressing malignant cells, due to cross-binding of FAP and DR5 across tumor cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that RG7386, a novel and potent antitumor agent in both mono- and combination therapies, overcomes limitations of previous DR5 antibodies and represents a promising approach to conquer tumor-associated resistance to apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(5); 946-57. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Brünker
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Wartha
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Friess
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Grau-Richards
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Inja Waldhauer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Ferrara Koller
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Weiser
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Meher Majety
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Valeria Runza
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Huifeng Niu
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center New York, New York, New York
| | - Kathryn Packman
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center New York, New York, New York
| | - Ningping Feng
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center New York, New York, New York
| | - Sherif Daouti
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center New York, New York, New York
| | - Ralf J Hosse
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Ekkehard Mössner
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Thomas G Weber
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Frank Herting
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Werner Scheuer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Hadassah Sade
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Cuiying Shao
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Gary Xu
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Suzana Vega-Harring
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Bosslet
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Pablo Umaña
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
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28
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Rivoltini L, Chiodoni C, Squarcina P, Tortoreto M, Villa A, Vergani B, Bürdek M, Botti L, Arioli I, Cova A, Mauri G, Vergani E, Bianchi B, Della Mina P, Cantone L, Bollati V, Zaffaroni N, Gianni AM, Colombo MP, Huber V. TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)-Armed Exosomes Deliver Proapoptotic Signals to Tumor Site. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:3499-512. [PMID: 26944067 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exosomes deliver signals to target cells and could thus be exploited as an innovative therapeutic tool. We investigated the ability of membrane TRAIL-armed exosomes to deliver proapoptotic signals to cancer cells and mediate growth inhibition in different tumor models. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND RESULTS K562 cells, transduced with lentiviral human membrane TRAIL, were used for the production of TRAIL(+) exosomes, which were studied by nanoparticle tracking analysis, cytofluorimetry, immunoelectronmicroscopy, Western blot, and ELISA. In vitro, TRAIL(+) exosomes induced more pronounced apoptosis (detected by Annexin V/propidium iodide and activated caspase-3) in TRAIL-death receptor (DR)5(+) cells (SUDHL4 lymphoma and INT12 melanoma), with respect to the DR5(-)DR4(+)KMS11 multiple myeloma. Intratumor injection of TRAIL(+) exosomes, but not mock exosomes, induced growth inhibition of SUDHL4 (68%) and INT12 (51%), and necrosis in KMS11 tumors. After rapid blood clearance, systemically administered TRAIL(+) exosomes accumulated in the liver, lungs, and spleen and homed to the tumor site, leading to a significant reduction of tumor growth (58%) in SUDHL4-bearing mice. The treatment of INT12-bearing animals promoted tumor necrosis and a not statistically significant tumor volume reduction. In KMS11-bearing mice, despite massive perivascular necrosis, no significant tumor growth inhibition was detected. CONCLUSIONS TRAIL-armed exosomes can induce apoptosis in cancer cells and control tumor progression in vivo Therapeutic efficacy was particularly evident in intratumor setting, while depended on tumor model upon systemic administration. Thanks to their ability to deliver multiple signals, exosomes thus represent a promising therapeutic tool in cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 22(14); 3499-512. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licia Rivoltini
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Chiodoni
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Immunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Squarcina
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Tortoreto
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonello Villa
- Consorzio M.I.A., Microscopy and Image Analysis, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Vergani
- Consorzio M.I.A., Microscopy and Image Analysis, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Maja Bürdek
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Botti
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Immunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivano Arioli
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Immunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Agata Cova
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mauri
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Immunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vergani
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bianchi
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Della Mina
- Consorzio M.I.A., Microscopy and Image Analysis, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cantone
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, EPIGET, Epidemiology, Epigenetics, and Toxicology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bollati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, EPIGET, Epidemiology, Epigenetics, and Toxicology Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mario Paolo Colombo
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Immunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Huber
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
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Goldar S, Khaniani MS, Derakhshan SM, Baradaran B. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and roles in cancer development and treatment. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 125:487-9. [PMID: 25824729 DOI: 10.1172/jci80420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) or apoptosis is a mechanism which is crucial for all multicellular organisms to control cell proliferation and maintain tissue homeostasis as well as eliminate harmful or unnecessary cells from an organism. Defects in the physiological mechanisms of apoptosis may contribute to different human diseases like cancer. Identification of the mechanisms of apoptosis and its effector proteins as well as the genes responsible for apoptosis has provided a new opportunity to discover and develop novel agents that can increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to undergo apoptosis or reset their apoptotic threshold. These novel targeted therapies include those targeting anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, p53, the extrinsic pathway, FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins, and the caspases. In recent years a number of these novel agents have been assessed in preclinical and clinical trials. In this review, we introduce some of the key regulatory molecules that control the apoptotic pathways, extrinsic and intrinsic death receptors, discuss how defects in apoptotic pathways contribute to cancer, and list several agents being developed to target apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Goldar
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Labratorary, Division of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran E-mail :
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Zhu Y, Choi SH, Shah K. Multifunctional receptor-targeting antibodies for cancer therapy. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:e543-e554. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(15)00039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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31
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Huet HA, Growney JD, Johnson JA, Li J, Bilic S, Ostrom L, Zafari M, Kowal C, Yang G, Royo A, Jensen M, Dombrecht B, Meerschaert KRA, Kolkman JA, Cromie KD, Mosher R, Gao H, Schuller A, Isaacs R, Sellers WR, Ettenberg SA. Multivalent nanobodies targeting death receptor 5 elicit superior tumor cell killing through efficient caspase induction. MAbs 2015; 6:1560-70. [PMID: 25484045 DOI: 10.4161/19420862.2014.975099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple therapeutic agonists of death receptor 5 (DR5) have been developed and are under clinical evaluation. Although these agonists demonstrate significant anti-tumor activity in preclinical models, the clinical efficacy in human cancer patients has been notably disappointing. One possible explanation might be that the current classes of therapeutic molecules are not sufficiently potent to elicit significant response in patients, particularly for dimeric antibody agonists that require secondary cross-linking via Fcγ receptors expressed on immune cells to achieve optimal clustering of DR5. To overcome this limitation, a novel multivalent Nanobody approach was taken with the goal of generating a significantly more potent DR5 agonist. In the present study, we show that trivalent DR5 targeting Nanobodies mimic the activity of natural ligand, and furthermore, increasing the valency of domains to tetramer and pentamer markedly increased potency of cell killing on tumor cells, with pentamers being more potent than tetramers in vitro. Increased potency was attributed to faster kinetics of death-inducing signaling complex assembly and caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation. In vivo, multivalent Nanobody molecules elicited superior anti-tumor activity compared to a conventional DR5 agonist antibody, including the ability to induce tumor regression in an insensitive patient-derived primary pancreatic tumor model. Furthermore, complete responses to Nanobody treatment were obtained in up to 50% of patient-derived primary pancreatic and colon tumor models, suggesting that multivalent DR5 Nanobodies may represent a significant new therapeutic modality for targeting death receptor signaling.
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Key Words
- % T/C, percent tumor volume change treated over control
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- AUC, area under the curve
- BW, body weight
- DISC, death inducing signaling complex
- DR5
- DR5, death receptor 5
- Death Receptor
- FADD, Fas associated death domain
- N/A, not assessed
- NS, not significant
- Nanobody
- SEM, standard error of the mean
- SPR, surface plasmon resonance
- T, mean tumor size
- TNFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor
- TRAIL
- TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand
- TV, tumor volume
- VHH, heavy heavy variable domain
- apoptosis
- caspase
- i.v., intravenous
- x-LBY135, cross-linked LBY135
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Huet
- a Oncology Research; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research ; Cambridge , MA USA
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32
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O'Leary L, van der Sloot AM, Reis CR, Deegan S, Ryan AE, Dhami SPS, Murillo LS, Cool RH, Correa de Sampaio P, Thompson K, Murphy G, Quax WJ, Serrano L, Samali A, Szegezdi E. Decoy receptors block TRAIL sensitivity at a supracellular level: the role of stromal cells in controlling tumour TRAIL sensitivity. Oncogene 2015; 35:1261-70. [PMID: 26050621 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a death ligand cytokine known for its cytotoxic activity against malignantly transformed cells. TRAIL induces cell death through binding to death receptors DR4 and DR5. The inhibitory decoy receptors (DcR1 and DcR2) co-expressed with death receptor 4 (DR4)/DR5 on the same cell can block the transmission of the apoptotic signal. Here, we show that DcRs also regulate TRAIL sensitivity at a supracellular level and thus represent a mechanism by which the microenvironment can diminish tumour TRAIL sensitivity. Mathematical modelling and layered or spheroid stroma-extracellular matrix-tumour cultures were used to model the tumour microenvironment. By engineering TRAIL to escape binding by DcRs, we found that DcRs do not only act in a cell-autonomous or cis-regulatory manner, but also exert trans-cellular regulation originating from stromal cells and affect tumour cells, highlighting the potent inhibitory effect of DcRs in the tumour tissue and the necessity of selective targeting of the two death-inducing TRAIL receptors to maximise efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L O'Leary
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - A M van der Sloot
- EMBL/CRG Systems Biology Research Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, 2950, Chemin de Polytechnique Pavillon Marcelle-Coutu, Dock 20, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - C R Reis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Deegan
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - A E Ryan
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - S P S Dhami
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - L S Murillo
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - R H Cool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Correa de Sampaio
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - K Thompson
- Centre for Microscopy and Imaging, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - G Murphy
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - W J Quax
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L Serrano
- EMBL/CRG Systems Biology Research Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Samali
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - E Szegezdi
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Lim B, Allen JE, Prabhu VV, Talekar MK, Finnberg NK, El-Deiry WS. Targeting TRAIL in the treatment of cancer: new developments. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1171-85. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1049838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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34
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Enhancing the antitumor efficacy of a cell-surface death ligand by covalent membrane display. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:5679-84. [PMID: 25902490 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1418962112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF superfamily death ligands are expressed on the surface of immune cells and can trigger apoptosis in susceptible cancer cells by engaging cognate death receptors. A recombinant soluble protein comprising the ectodomain of Apo2 ligand/TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Apo2L/TRAIL) has shown remarkable preclinical anticancer activity but lacked broad efficacy in patients, possibly owing to insufficient exposure or potency. We observed that antibody cross-linking substantially enhanced cytotoxicity of soluble Apo2L/TRAIL against diverse cancer cell lines. Presentation of the ligand on glass-supported lipid bilayers enhanced its ability to drive receptor microclustering and apoptotic signaling. Furthermore, covalent surface attachment of Apo2L/TRAIL onto liposomes--synthetic lipid-bilayer nanospheres--similarly augmented activity. In vivo, liposome-displayed Apo2L/TRAIL achieved markedly better exposure and antitumor activity. Thus, covalent synthetic-membrane attachment of a cell-surface ligand enhances efficacy, increasing therapeutic potential. These findings have translational implications for liposomal approaches as well as for Apo2L/TRAIL and other clinically relevant TNF ligands.
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35
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O'Reilly P, Ortutay C, Gernon G, O'Connell E, Seoighe C, Boyce S, Serrano L, Szegezdi E. Co-acting gene networks predict TRAIL responsiveness of tumour cells with high accuracy. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:1144. [PMID: 25527049 PMCID: PMC4378270 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of differentially expressed genes from transcriptomic studies is one of the most common mechanisms to identify tumor biomarkers. This approach however is not well suited to identify interaction between genes whose protein products potentially influence each other, which limits its power to identify molecular wiring of tumour cells dictating response to a drug. Due to the fact that signal transduction pathways are not linear and highly interlinked, the biological response they drive may be better described by the relative amount of their components and their functional relationships than by their individual, absolute expression. Results Gene expression microarray data for 109 tumor cell lines with known sensitivity to the death ligand cytokine tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was used to identify genes with potential functional relationships determining responsiveness to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The machine learning technique Random Forest in the statistical environment “R” with backward elimination was used to identify the key predictors of TRAIL sensitivity and differentially expressed genes were identified using the software GeneSpring. Gene co-regulation and statistical interaction was assessed with q-order partial correlation analysis and non-rejection rate. Biological (functional) interactions amongst the co-acting genes were studied with Ingenuity network analysis. Prediction accuracy was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operator curve using an independent dataset. We show that the gene panel identified could predict TRAIL-sensitivity with a very high degree of sensitivity and specificity (AUC = 0 · 84). The genes in the panel are co-regulated and at least 40% of them functionally interact in signal transduction pathways that regulate cell death and cell survival, cellular differentiation and morphogenesis. Importantly, only 12% of the TRAIL-predictor genes were differentially expressed highlighting the importance of functional interactions in predicting the biological response. Conclusions The advantage of co-acting gene clusters is that this analysis does not depend on differential expression and is able to incorporate direct- and indirect gene interactions as well as tissue- and cell-specific characteristics. This approach (1) identified a descriptor of TRAIL sensitivity which performs significantly better as a predictor of TRAIL sensitivity than any previously reported gene signatures, (2) identified potential novel regulators of TRAIL-responsiveness and (3) provided a systematic view highlighting fundamental differences between the molecular wiring of sensitive and resistant cell types. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1144) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eva Szegezdi
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, University Rd, Galway, Ireland.
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36
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Grazia G, Vegetti C, Benigni F, Penna I, Perotti V, Tassi E, Bersani I, Nicolini G, Canevari S, Carlo-Stella C, Gianni AM, Mortarini R, Anichini A. Synergistic anti-tumor activity and inhibition of angiogenesis by cotargeting of oncogenic and death receptor pathways in human melanoma. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1434. [PMID: 25275595 PMCID: PMC4649516 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Improving treatment of advanced melanoma may require the development of effective strategies to overcome resistance to different anti-tumor agents and to counteract relevant pro-tumoral mechanisms in the microenvironment. Here we provide preclinical evidence that these goals can be achieved in most melanomas, by co-targeting of oncogenic and death receptor pathways, and independently of their BRAF, NRAS, p53 and PTEN status. In 49 melanoma cell lines, we found independent susceptibility profiles for response to the MEK1/2 inhibitor AZD6244, the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 and the death receptor ligand TRAIL, supporting the rationale for their association. Drug interaction analysis indicated that a strong synergistic anti-tumor activity could be achieved by the three agents and the AZD6244–TRAIL association on 20/21 melanomas, including cell lines resistant to the inhibitors or to TRAIL. Mechanistically, synergy was explained by enhanced induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis, mitochondrial depolarization and modulation of key regulators of extrinsic and intrinsic cell death pathways, including c-FLIP, BIM, BAX, clusterin, Mcl-1 and several IAP family members. Moreover, silencing experiments confirmed the central role of Apollon downmodulation in promoting the apoptotic response of melanoma cells to the combinatorial treatments. In SCID mice, the AZD6244–TRAIL association induced significant growth inhibition of a tumor resistant to TRAIL and poorly responsive to AZD6244, with no detectable adverse events on body weight and tissue histology. Reduction in tumor volume was associated not only with promotion of tumor apoptosis but also with suppression of the pro-angiogenic molecules HIF1α, VEGFα, IL-8 and TGFβ1 and with inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. These results suggest that synergistic co-targeting of oncogenic and death receptor pathways can not only overcome melanoma resistance to different anti-tumor agents in vitro but can also promote pro-apoptotic effects and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grazia
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Vegetti
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F Benigni
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, URI, Milan, Italy
| | - I Penna
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V Perotti
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Tassi
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - I Bersani
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - G Nicolini
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - S Canevari
- Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Carlo-Stella
- 1] Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Cancer Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy [2] Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A M Gianni
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - R Mortarini
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Anichini
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, and Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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37
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Abstract
Cell turnover is a fundamental feature in metazoans. Cells can die passively, as a consequence of severe damage to their structural integrity, or actively, owing to a more confined biological disruption such as DNA damage. Passive cell death is uncontrolled and often harmful to the organism. In contrast, active cell death is tightly regulated and serves to support the organism's life. Apoptosis-the primary form of regulated cell death-is relatively well defined. Necroptosis-an alternative, distinct kind of regulated cell death discovered more recently-is less well understood. Apoptosis and necroptosis can be triggered either from within the cell or by extracellular stimuli. Certain signaling components, including several death ligands and receptors, can regulate both processes. Whereas apoptosis is triggered and executed via intracellular proteases called caspases, necroptosis is suppressed by caspase activity. Here we highlight current understanding of the key signaling mechanisms that control regulated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Ashkenazi
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080;
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38
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Graves JD, Kordich JJ, Huang TH, Piasecki J, Bush TL, Sullivan T, Foltz IN, Chang W, Douangpanya H, Dang T, O'Neill JW, Mallari R, Zhao X, Branstetter DG, Rossi JM, Long AM, Huang X, Holland PM. Apo2L/TRAIL and the death receptor 5 agonist antibody AMG 655 cooperate to promote receptor clustering and antitumor activity. Cancer Cell 2014; 26:177-89. [PMID: 25043603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Death receptor agonist therapies have exhibited limited clinical benefit to date. Investigations into why Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 preclinical data were not predictive of clinical response revealed that coadministration of Apo2L/TRAIL with AMG 655 leads to increased antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. The combination of Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 results in enhanced signaling and can sensitize Apo2L/TRAIL-resistant cells. Structure determination of the Apo2L/TRAIL-DR5-AMG 655 ternary complex illustrates how higher order clustering of DR5 is achieved when both agents are combined. Enhanced agonism generated by combining Apo2L/TRAIL and AMG 655 provides insight into the limited efficacy observed in previous clinical trials and suggests testable hypotheses to reconsider death receptor agonism as a therapeutic strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Drug Synergism
- Humans
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Protein Multimerization
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/chemistry
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/chemistry
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tzu-Hsuan Huang
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Julia Piasecki
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - Tammy L Bush
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Timothy Sullivan
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ian N Foltz
- Department of Biologic Discovery, Amgen British Columbia, Burnaby, BC V5A 1V7, Canada
| | - Wesley Chang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Thu Dang
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jason W O'Neill
- Department of Biologic Optimization, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - Rommel Mallari
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Xiaoning Zhao
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | - John M Rossi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Computational Biology, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - Alexander M Long
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Pamela M Holland
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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39
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Meng XW, Koh BD, Zhang JS, Flatten KS, Schneider PA, Billadeau DD, Hess AD, Smith BD, Karp JE, Kaufmann SH. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors sensitize cancer cells to death receptor-mediated apoptosis by enhancing death receptor expression. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:20543-58. [PMID: 24895135 PMCID: PMC4110268 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.549220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), agonistic monoclonal antibodies to TRAIL receptors, and small molecule TRAIL receptor agonists are in various stages of preclinical and early phase clinical testing as potential anticancer drugs. Accordingly, there is substantial interest in understanding factors that affect sensitivity to these agents. In the present study we observed that the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors olaparib and veliparib sensitize the myeloid leukemia cell lines ML-1 and K562, the ovarian cancer line PEO1, non-small cell lung cancer line A549, and a majority of clinical AML isolates, but not normal marrow, to TRAIL. Further analysis demonstrated that PARP inhibitor treatment results in activation of the FAS and TNFRSF10B (death receptor 5 (DR5)) promoters, increased Fas and DR5 mRNA, and elevated cell surface expression of these receptors in sensitized cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated enhanced binding of the transcription factor Sp1 to the TNFRSF10B promoter in the presence of PARP inhibitor. Knockdown of PARP1 or PARP2 (but not PARP3 and PARP4) not only increased expression of Fas and DR5 at the mRNA and protein level, but also recapitulated the sensitizing effects of the PARP inhibition. Conversely, Sp1 knockdown diminished the PARP inhibitor effects. In view of the fact that TRAIL is part of the armamentarium of natural killer cells, these observations identify a new facet of PARP inhibitor action while simultaneously providing the mechanistic underpinnings of a novel therapeutic combination that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Wei Meng
- From the Division of Oncology Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 and
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Allan D. Hess
- the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - B. Douglas Smith
- the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Judith E. Karp
- the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Scott H. Kaufmann
- From the Division of Oncology Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 and
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40
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Lemke J, von Karstedt S, Zinngrebe J, Walczak H. Getting TRAIL back on track for cancer therapy. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:1350-64. [PMID: 24948009 PMCID: PMC4131183 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike other members of the TNF superfamily, the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL, also known as Apo2L) possesses the unique capacity to induce apoptosis selectively in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. This exciting discovery provided the basis for the development of TRAIL-receptor agonists (TRAs), which have demonstrated robust anticancer activity in a number of preclinical studies. Subsequently initiated clinical trials testing TRAs demonstrated, on the one hand, broad tolerability but revealed, on the other, that therapeutic benefit was rather limited. Several factors that are likely to account for TRAs' sobering clinical performance have since been identified. First, because of initial concerns over potential hepatotoxicity, TRAs with relatively weak agonistic activity were selected to enter clinical trials. Second, although TRAIL can induce apoptosis in several cancer cell lines, it has now emerged that many others, and importantly, most primary cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL monotherapy. Third, so far patients enrolled in TRA-employing clinical trials were not selected for likelihood of benefitting from a TRA-comprising therapy on the basis of a valid(ated) biomarker. This review summarizes and discusses the results achieved so far in TRA-employing clinical trials in the light of these three shortcomings. By integrating recent insight on apoptotic and non-apoptotic TRAIL signaling in cancer cells, we propose approaches to introduce novel, revised TRAIL-based therapeutic concepts into the cancer clinic. These include (i) the use of recently developed highly active TRAs, (ii) the addition of efficient, but cancer-cell-selective TRAIL-sensitizing agents to overcome TRAIL resistance and (iii) employing proteomic profiling to uncover resistance mechanisms. We envisage that this shall enable the design of effective TRA-comprising therapeutic concepts for individual cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lemke
- 1] Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK [2] Clinic of General and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - S von Karstedt
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - J Zinngrebe
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - H Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We have previously demonstrated activity of Apo2L/TRAIL against patient pancreatic tumor xenografts. Here, we have examined the influence of the tumor implantation site on therapeutic response of orthotopic tumors and their metastases to Apo2L/TRAIL. METHODS Sensitivity of 6 patient pancreatic tumor xenografts to Apo2L/TRAIL was determined in a subcutaneous model. To compare the response of orthotopic tumors, cells from subcutaneous xenografts were injected into the pancreas. Tumor growth was confirmed by histological examination of selected mice, and then treatment was started. When all control mice developed externally palpable tumors, the experiment was terminated, and pancreatic weights compared between control and treated groups. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantitate the response of orthotopic and metastatic tumors. RESULTS The sensitivity to Apo2L/TRAIL observed in subcutaneous tumors was maintained in orthotopic tumors. Metastatic spread was observed with orthotopic tumor implantation. In an orthotopic model of a sensitive tumor, primary and metastatic tumor burden was significantly reduced, and median survival significantly extended by Apo2L/TRAIL therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence that the site of tumor engraftment does not alter the inherent sensitivity of patient xenografts to Apo2L/TRAIL, and these results highlight the potential of Apo2L/TRAIL therapy against primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
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CD70-restricted specific activation of TRAILR1 or TRAILR2 using scFv-targeted TRAIL mutants. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1035. [PMID: 24481449 PMCID: PMC4040681 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To combine the CD27 stimulation inhibitory effect of blocking CD70 antibodies with an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-independent, cell death-inducing activity for targeting of CD70-expressing tumors, we evaluated here fusion proteins of the apoptosis-inducing TNF family member TRAIL and a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a high-affinity llama-derived anti-human CD70 antibody (lαhCD70). A fusion protein of scFv:lαhCD70 with TNC-TRAIL, a stabilized form of TRAIL, showed strongly enhanced apoptosis induction upon CD70 binding and furthermore efficiently interfered with CD70-CD27 interaction. Noteworthy, introduction of recently identified mutations that discriminate between TRAILR1 and TRAILR2 binding into the TRAIL part of scFv:lαhCD70-TNC-TRAIL resulted in TRAIL death receptor-specific fusion proteins with CD70-restricted activity.
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Garg G, Gibbs J, Belt B, Powell MA, Mutch DG, Goedegebuure P, Collins L, Piwnica-Worms D, Hawkins WG, Spitzer D. Novel treatment option for MUC16-positive malignancies with the targeted TRAIL-based fusion protein Meso-TR3. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:35. [PMID: 24447304 PMCID: PMC3903436 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics represents an ongoing challenge in the field of drug development. TRAIL is a promising cancer drug but its activity profile could benefit from a cancer-selective delivery mechanism, which would reduce potential side effects and increase treatment efficiencies. We recently developed the novel TRAIL-based drug platform TR3, a genetically fused trimer with the capacity for further molecular modifications such as the addition of tumor-directed targeting moieties. MUC16 (CA125) is a well characterized biomarker in several human malignancies including ovarian, pancreatic and breast cancer. Mesothelin is known to interact with MUC16 with high affinity. In order to deliver TR3 selectively to MUC16-expressing cancers, we investigated the possibility of targeted TR3 delivery employing the high affinity mesothelin/MUC16 ligand/receptor interaction. Methods Using genetic engineering, we designed the novel cancer drug Meso-TR3, a fusion protein between native mesothelin and TR3. The recombinant proteins were produced with mammalian HEK293T cells. Meso-TR3 was characterized for binding selectivity and killing efficacy against MUC16-positive cancer cells and controls that lack MUC16 expression. Drug efficacy experiments were performed in vitro and in vivo employing an intraperitoneal xenograft mouse model of ovarian cancer. Results Similar to soluble mesothelin itself, the strong MUC16 binding property was retained in the Meso-TR3 fusion protein. The high affinity ligand/receptor interaction was associated with a selective accumulation of the cancer drug on MUC16-expressing cancer targets and directly correlated with increased killing activity in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model of ovarian cancer. The relevance of the mesothelin/MUC16 interaction for attaching Meso-TR3 to the cancer cells was verified by competitive blocking experiments using soluble mesothelin. Mechanistic studies using soluble DR5-Fc and caspase blocking assays confirmed engagement of the extrinsic death receptor pathway. Compared to non-targeted TR3, Meso-TR3 displayed a much reduced killing potency on cells that lack MUC16. Conclusions Soluble Meso-TR3 targets the cancer biomarker MUC16 in vitro and in vivo. Following attachment to the tumor via surface bound MUC16, Meso-TR3 acquires full activation with superior killing profiles compared to non-targeted TR3, while its bioactivity is substantially reduced on cells that lack the tumor marker. This prodrug phenomenon represents a highly desirable property because it has the potential to enhance cancer killing with fewer side-effects than non-targeted TRAIL-based therapeutics. Thus, further exploration of this novel fusion protein is warranted as a possible therapeutic for patients with MUC16-positive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dirk Spitzer
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St, Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Abstract
Apoptosis is a tightly regulated cell suicide process used by metazoans to eliminate unwanted or damaged cells that pose a threat to the organism. Caspases-specialized proteolytic enzymes that are responsible for apoptosis initiation and execution-can be activated through two signaling mechanisms: (1) the cell-intrinsic pathway, consisting of Bcl-2 family proteins and initiated by internal sensors for severe cell distress and (2) the cell-extrinsic pathway, triggered by extracellular ligands through cognate death receptors at the surface of target cells. Proapoptotic ligands are often expressed on the surface of cytotoxic cells, for example, certain types of activated immune cells. Alternatively, these ligands can function in shed, soluble form. The mode of ligand presentation can substantially alter the cell response to receptor stimulation. Once receptor ligation on the target cell occurs, a number of intracellular signaling cascades may be initiated. These can lead to a variety of cellular outcomes, including caspase-mediated apoptosis, a distinct type of regulated cell death called necroptosis, or antiapoptotic or inflammatory responses. Death receptor signaling is kept tightly in check and plays critical homeostatic roles during embryonic development and throughout life.
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Hu R, Du Q, Yin X, Li J, Wang T, Zhang L. Agonist antibody activates death receptor 6 downstream signaling involving TRADD recruitment. FEBS Lett 2013; 588:401-7. [PMID: 24374337 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Death receptor 6 (DR6) is a member of the death domain-containing receptors that belong to the TNFR superfamily. To date, the ligand for DR6 is still not clearly defined. Here, we developed a functional agonist monoclonal antibody (DQM3) against DR6, which bound to the first cysteine-rich domain. Importantly, DR6 signaling could be clearly activated by DQM3, which was dependent on its intracellular death domain. In addition, we demonstrated that the association between DR6 and TRADD was enhanced upon DQM3 stimulation and TRADD was involved in DR6-induced signaling activation. Taken together, our findings provide new insight into a novel mechanism by which DR6 induces downstream signaling in response to an agonist antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiumei Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangyun Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of PLA Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110015, China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Devaud C, John LB, Westwood JA, Darcy PK, Kershaw MH. Immune modulation of the tumor microenvironment for enhancing cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2013; 2:e25961. [PMID: 24083084 PMCID: PMC3782527 DOI: 10.4161/onci.25961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is much promise in the use of immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer. Approaches such as those using antibodies or adoptive cell transfer can mediate complete tumor regression in a proportion of patients. However, the tumor microenvironment can inhibit immune responses leading to ineffective or suboptimal responses of tumors to immunotherapy in the majority of cases. As our knowledge of the tumor microenvironment increases, many strategies are emerging for changing the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor toward a microenvironment able to support immunity. These strategies aim to enhance the ability of immunotherapies to initiate effective immune responses able to destroy tumors. In this article, we review approaches that use immunomodulators specifically to modify the tumor microenvironment, and their use in combination with other immune-based strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Devaud
- Cancer Immunology Research Program; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology; University of Melbourne; Parkville, VIC Australia
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Gogineni A, Caunt M, Crow A, Lee CV, Fuh G, van Bruggen N, Ye W, Weimer RM. Inhibition of VEGF-C modulates distal lymphatic remodeling and secondary metastasis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68755. [PMID: 23874750 PMCID: PMC3712991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated lymphatics are postulated to provide a transit route for disseminating metastatic cells. This notion is supported by preclinical findings that inhibition of pro-lymphangiogenic signaling during tumor development reduces cell spread to sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). However, it is unclear how lymphatics downstream of SLNs contribute to metastatic spread into distal organs, or if modulating distal lymph transport impacts disease progression. Utilizing murine models of metastasis, longitudinal in vivo imaging of lymph transport, and function blocking antibodies against two VEGF family members, we provide evidence that distal lymphatics undergo disease course-dependent up-regulation of lymph transport coincidental with structural remodeling. Inhibition of VEGF-C activity with antibodies against VEGF-C or NRP2 prevented these disease-associated changes. Furthermore, utilizing a novel model of adjuvant treatment, we demonstrate that antagonism of VEGF-C or NRP2 decreases post SLN metastasis. These data support a potential therapeutic strategy for inhibiting distant metastatic dissemination via targeting tumor-associated lymphatic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Gogineni
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Maresa Caunt
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ailey Crow
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Chingwei V. Lee
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Germaine Fuh
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Nicholas van Bruggen
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Weilan Ye
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Robby M. Weimer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Giacomini A, Righi M, Cleris L, Locatelli SL, Mitola S, Daidone MG, Gianni AM, Carlo-Stella C. Induction of death receptor 5 expression in tumor vasculature by perifosine restores the vascular disruption activity of TRAIL-expressing CD34(+) cells. Angiogenesis 2013; 16:707-22. [PMID: 23605004 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-013-9348-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The proapoptotic death receptor 5 (DR5) expressed by tumor associated endothelial cells (TECs) mediates vascular disrupting effects of human CD34(+) cells engineered to express membrane-bound tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (CD34-TRAIL (+) cells) in mice. Indeed, lack of DR5 on TECs causes resistance to CD34-TRAIL (+) cells. By xenografting in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice the TRAIL-resistant lymphoma cell line SU-DHL-4V, which generates tumors lacking endothelial DR5 expression, here we demonstrate for the first time that the Akt inhibitor perifosine induces in vivo DR5 expression on TECs, thereby overcoming tumor resistance to the vascular disruption activity of CD34-TRAIL (+) cells. In fact, CD34-TRAIL (+) cells combined with perifosine, but not CD34-TRAIL (+) cells alone, exerted marked antivascular effects and caused a threefold increase of hemorrhagic necrosis in SU-DHL-4V tumors. Consistent with lack of DR5 expression, CD34-TRAIL (+) cells failed to affect the growth of SU-DHL-4V tumors, but CD34-TRAIL (+) cells plus perifosine reduced tumor volumes by 60 % compared with controls. In view of future clinical studies using membrane-bound TRAIL, our results highlight a strategy to rescue patients with primary or acquired resistance due to the lack of DR5 expression in tumor vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Giacomini
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Cancer Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni, 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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Non-canonical kinase signaling by the death ligand TRAIL in cancer cells: discord in the death receptor family. Cell Death Differ 2013; 20:858-68. [PMID: 23579241 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-based therapy is currently evaluated in clinical studies as a tumor cell selective pro-apoptotic approach. However, besides activating canonical caspase-dependent apoptosis by binding to TRAIL-specific death receptors, the TRAIL ligand can activate non-canonical cell survival or proliferation pathways in resistant tumor cells through the same death receptors, which is counterproductive for therapy. Even more, recent studies indicate metastases-promoting activity of TRAIL. In this review, the remarkable dichotomy in TRAIL signaling is highlighted. An overview of the currently known mechanisms involved in non-canonical TRAIL signaling and the subsequent activation of various kinases is provided. These kinases include RIP1, IκB/ NF-κB, MAPK p38, JNK, ERK1/2, MAP3K TAK1, PKC, PI3K/Akt and Src. The functional consequences of their activation, often being stimulation of tumor cell survival and in some cases enhancement of their invasive behavior, are discussed. Interestingly, the non-canonical responses triggered by TRAIL in resistant tumor cells resemble that of TRAIL-induced signals in non-transformed cells. Better knowledge of the mechanism underlying the dichotomy in TRAIL receptor signaling may provide markers for selecting patients who will likely benefit from TRAIL-based therapy and could provide a rationalized basis for combination therapies with TRAIL death receptor-targeting drugs.
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Brincks EL, Risk MC, Griffith TS. PMN and anti-tumor immunity--the case of bladder cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2013; 23:183-9. [PMID: 23410637 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder accounts for ∼5% of all cancer deaths in humans. The majority of bladder tumors are non-muscle invasive at diagnosis, and there is a high rate of tumor recurrence and progression even after local surgical therapy. Thus, many patients require lifelong follow-up examinations that include additional prophylactic treatments in the event of recurrence. Since its first use in 1976, Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has been the treatment of choice for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Despite nearly 40 years of clinical use, the mechanism(s) by which intravesical administration of BCG results in elimination of bladder tumors remains undefined. Granulocytes (polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN)) are the predominant immune cell (in number) that enters the bladder after BCG installation, and a number of studies have highlighted the importance of PMN in the antitumor activity of BCG. Studies from our laboratory demonstrated presence of intracellular stores of the apoptosis-inducing protein TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in PMN that are rapidly released after interaction with BCG cell wall components, along with a correlation between increased urinary levels of TRAIL and BCG responsiveness. Mature PMN in circulation are terminally differentiated cells with limited biosynthetic capacity, so the proteins located in the distinct PMN granule populations are compartmentalized concomitant with their synthesis during myelopoiesis. Thus, understanding PMN production, localization, and release of TRAIL is important in the design of future BCG-based bladder tumor immunotherapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik L Brincks
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
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