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Heimdörfer D, Vorleuter A, Eschlböck A, Spathopoulou A, Suarez-Cubero M, Farhan H, Reiterer V, Spanjaard M, Schaaf CP, Huber LA, Kremser L, Sarg B, Edenhofer F, Geley S, de Araujo MEG, Huettenhofer A. Truncated variants of MAGEL2 are involved in the etiologies of the Schaaf-Yang and Prader-Willi syndromes. Am J Hum Genet 2024:S0002-9297(24)00206-4. [PMID: 38908375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The neurodevelopmental disorders Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) both arise from genomic alterations within human chromosome 15q11-q13. A deletion of the SNORD116 cluster, encoding small nucleolar RNAs, or frameshift mutations within MAGEL2 result in closely related phenotypes in individuals with PWS or SYS, respectively. By investigation of their subcellular localization, we observed that in contrast to a predominant cytoplasmic localization of wild-type (WT) MAGEL2, a truncated MAGEL2 mutant was evenly distributed between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. To elucidate regulatory pathways that may underlie both diseases, we identified protein interaction partners for WT or mutant MAGEL2, in particular the survival motor neuron protein (SMN), involved in spinal muscular atrophy, and the fragile-X-messenger ribonucleoprotein (FMRP), involved in autism spectrum disorders. The interactome of the non-coding RNA SNORD116 was also investigated by RNA-CoIP. We show that WT and truncated MAGEL2 were both involved in RNA metabolism, while regulation of transcription was mainly observed for WT MAGEL2. Hence, we investigated the influence of MAGEL2 mutations on the expression of genes from the PWS locus, including the SNORD116 cluster. Thereby, we provide evidence for MAGEL2 mutants decreasing the expression of SNORD116, SNORD115, and SNORD109A, as well as protein-coding genes MKRN3 and SNRPN, thus bridging the gap between PWS and SYS.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Heimdörfer
- Institute of Genomics and RNomics, Biocenter Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Alexander Vorleuter
- Institute of Genomics and RNomics, Biocenter Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Eschlböck
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Genomics, Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine Group, University of Innsbruck and CMBI, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Angeliki Spathopoulou
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Genomics, Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine Group, University of Innsbruck and CMBI, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marta Suarez-Cubero
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Genomics, Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine Group, University of Innsbruck and CMBI, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hesso Farhan
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Veronika Reiterer
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Melanie Spanjaard
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian P Schaaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas A Huber
- Institute of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Leopold Kremser
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Protein Core Facility, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bettina Sarg
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Protein Core Facility, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Frank Edenhofer
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Genomics, Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine Group, University of Innsbruck and CMBI, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Geley
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mariana E G de Araujo
- Institute of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Alexander Huettenhofer
- Institute of Genomics and RNomics, Biocenter Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Qin F, Cai B, Wang P, Cao R, Zhang Y, Wen H, Zheng Y, Zhao W, Gao C, Liu B. LTN1 promotes RLR degradation to inhibit immune response to RNA virus through the ESCRT pathway. Autophagy 2024; 20:1270-1285. [PMID: 38060409 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2291939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The excessive activation of immune responses will trigger autoimmune diseases or inflammatory injury. The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) system can capture and mediate ubiquitinated protein degradation, which timely terminates signaling pathway hyperactivation. However, whether the ESCRT system participates in regulating RIGI-like receptor (RLR)-mediated antiviral responses remains unknown. In this study, we show that LTN1/listerin, a major component of RQC, can recruit E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM27 to trigger K63-linked polyubiquitination of RIGI and IFIH1/MDA5. This K63-linked polyubiquitination facilitates the sorting and degradation of RIGI and IFIH1 proteins through the ESCRT-dependent pathway. Concordantly, LTN1 deficiency enhances the innate antiviral response to infection with RNA viruses. Thus, our work uncovers a new mechanism for RIGI and IFIH1 degradation and identifies the role of LTN1 in negatively regulating RLR-mediated antiviral innate immunity, which may provide new targets for the intervention of viral infection.Abbreviation: 5'-pppRNA: 5' triphosphate double stranded RNA; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complexes required for transport; CHX: cycloheximide; IFIH1/MDA5: interferon induced with helicase C domain 1; IFN: interferon; PIK3C3/VPS34: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; RIGI: RNA sensor RIG-I; RLR: RIGI-like receptors; RQC: ribosome-associated protein quality control; SeV: Sendai virus; TRIM27: tripartite motif-containing 27; VSV: vesicular stomatitis virus; VPS4: vacuolar protein sorting 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Baoshan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Runyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongling Wen
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Laulumaa S, Kumpula EP, Huiskonen JT, Varjosalo M. Structure and interactions of the endogenous human Commander complex. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:925-938. [PMID: 38459129 PMCID: PMC11189303 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The Commander complex, a 16-protein assembly, plays multiple roles in cell homeostasis, cell cycle and immune response. It consists of copper-metabolism Murr1 domain proteins (COMMD1-10), coiled-coil domain-containing proteins (CCDC22 and CCDC93), DENND10 and the Retriever subcomplex (VPS26C, VPS29 and VPS35L), all expressed ubiquitously in the body and linked to various diseases. Here, we report the structure and key interactions of the endogenous human Commander complex by cryogenic-electron microscopy and mass spectrometry-based proteomics. The complex consists of a stable core of COMMD1-10 and an effector containing DENND10 and Retriever, scaffolded together by CCDC22 and CCDC93. We establish the composition of Commander and reveal major interaction interfaces. These findings clarify its roles in intracellular transport, and uncover a strong association with cilium assembly, and centrosome and centriole functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Laulumaa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esa-Pekka Kumpula
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha T Huiskonen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Wimmer MC, Brennenstuhl H, Hirsch S, Dötsch L, Unser S, Caro P, Schaaf CP. Hao-Fountain syndrome: 32 novel patients reveal new insights into the clinical spectrum. Clin Genet 2024; 105:499-509. [PMID: 38221796 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Hao-Fountain syndrome (HAFOUS, OMIM: #616863) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the gene USP7 coding for USP7, a protein involved in several crucial cellular homeostatic mechanisms and the recently described MUST complex. The phenotype of HAFOUS is insufficiently understood, yet there is a great need to better understand the spectrum of disease, genotype-phenotype correlations, and disease trajectories. We now present a larger cohort of 32 additional individuals and provide further clinical information about six previously reported individuals. A questionnaire-based study was performed to characterize the phenotype of Hao-Fountain syndrome more clearly, to highlight new traits, and to better distinguish the disease from related neurodevelopmental disorders. In addition to confirming previously described features, we report hyperphagia and increased body weight in a subset of individuals. HAFOUS patients present an increased rate of birth complications, congenital anomalies, and abnormal pain thresholds. Speech impairment emerges as a potential hallmark of Hao-Fountain syndrome. Cognitive testing reports reveal borderline intellectual functioning on average, although some individuals score in the range of intellectual disability. Finally, we created a syndrome-specific severity score. This score neither indicates a sex- nor age-specific difference of clinical severity, yet highlights a more severe outcome when amino acid changes colocalize to the catalytic domain of the USP7 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steffen Hirsch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Dötsch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Samy Unser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pilar Caro
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Patrick Schaaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Sun M, Li Q, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Dong Y, Shu J, Li D, Cai C. Identification of Two Variants c.2697A > C and c.3305A > C in USP7 by Analysis of Whole-Exome Sequencing in Chinese Patients with Hao-Fountain Syndrome. Glob Med Genet 2024; 11:13-19. [PMID: 38229971 PMCID: PMC10791489 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Variants of ubiquitin-specific protease 7 ( USP7 ) gene in humans are associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder-Hao-Fountain syndrome, its core symptoms including developmental delay, intellectual disability, and speech delay. Other variable symptoms can affect multiple systems. In present study, we report two patients with core features from two unrelated consanguineous families originating from the Tianjin Children's Hospital. Methods and Results Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood samples collected from the probands with their family members and whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to detect the pathogenic genes in the probands. Suspected variants were subsequently validated by Sanger sequencing. In family 1, WES revealed that the proband carried the de novo variant c.2697A > C (p.Leu899Phe) in USP7 (NM_003470.3). In family 2, WES identified the variant c.3305A > C (p.Asn1102Thr) in USP7 (NM_003470.3) from the proband. Conclusion We reported two cases of Hao-Fountain syndrome caused by novel USP7 variants. In addition, we report the first case of mosaicism with a USP7 variant in Chinese family. Our findings demonstrate the importance of WES in diagnosis of genetic diseases and expands the USP7 variants spectrum in Hao-Fountain syndrome. Moreover, we summarize the cases caused by USP7 variants in the literature. Our study can provide a vital reference for the diagnosis of future cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Sun
- Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University), Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Yingzi Cai
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Yan Dong
- Graduate College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Shu
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University), Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
- Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin Children Hosptial, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University), Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Cai
- Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University), Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
- Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin Children Hosptial, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
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Qin F, Cai B, Cao R, Bai X, Yuan J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Chen T, Liu F, Sun W, Zheng Y, Qi X, Zhao W, Liu B, Gao C. Listerin promotes cGAS protein degradation through the ESCRT pathway to negatively regulate cGAS-mediated immune response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308853120. [PMID: 38109536 PMCID: PMC10756308 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308853120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzyme cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a key sensor for detecting misplaced double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) of genomic, mitochondrial, and microbial origin. It synthesizes 2'3'-cGAMP, which in turn activates the stimulator of interferon genes pathway, leading to the initiation of innate immune responses. Here, we identified Listerin as a negative regulator of cGAS-mediated innate immune response. We found that Listerin interacts with cGAS on endosomes and promotes its K63-linked ubiquitination through recruitment of the E3 ligase TRIM27. The polyubiquitinated cGAS is then recognized by the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport machinery and sorted into endosomes for degradation. Listerin deficiency enhances the innate antiviral response to herpes simplex virus 1 infection. Genetic deletion of Listerin also deteriorates the neuroinflammation and the ALS disease progress in an ALS mice model; overexpression of Listerin can robustly ameliorate disease progression in ALS mice. Thus, our work uncovers a mechanism for cGAS regulation and suggests that Listerin may be a promising therapeutic target for ALS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qin
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Cai
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runyu Cao
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Bai
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahua Yuan
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaxing Liu
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanwei Sun
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaopeng Qi
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingyu Liu
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, People’s Republic of China
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Kawan M, Körner M, Schlosser A, Buchberger A. p97/VCP Promotes the Recycling of Endocytic Cargo. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar126. [PMID: 37756124 PMCID: PMC10848945 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-06-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocytic pathway is of central importance for eukaryotic cells, as it enables uptake of extracellular materials, membrane protein quality control and recycling, as well as modulation of receptor signaling. While the ATPase p97 (VCP, Cdc48) has been found to be involved in the fusion of early endosomes and endolysosomal degradation, its role in endocytic trafficking is still incompletely characterized. Here, we identify myoferlin (MYOF), a ferlin family member with functions in membrane trafficking and repair, as a hitherto unknown p97 interactor. The interaction of MYOF with p97 depends on the cofactor PLAA previously linked to endosomal sorting. Besides PLAA, shared interactors of p97 and MYOF comprise several proteins involved in endosomal recycling pathways, including Rab11, Rab14, and the transferrin receptor CD71. Accordingly, a fraction of p97 and PLAA localizes to MYOF-, Rab11-, and Rab14-positive endosomal compartments. Pharmacological inhibition of p97 delays transferrin recycling, indicating that p97 promotes not only the lysosomal degradation, but also the recycling of endocytic cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Kawan
- Chair of Biochemistry I, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maria Körner
- Chair of Biochemistry I, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Buchberger
- Chair of Biochemistry I, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Štepihar D, Florke Gee RR, Hoyos Sanchez MC, Fon Tacer K. Cell-specific secretory granule sorting mechanisms: the role of MAGEL2 and retromer in hypothalamic regulated secretion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1243038. [PMID: 37799273 PMCID: PMC10548473 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1243038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular protein trafficking and sorting are extremely arduous in endocrine and neuroendocrine cells, which synthesize and secrete on-demand substantial quantities of proteins. To ensure that neuroendocrine secretion operates correctly, each step in the secretion pathways is tightly regulated and coordinated both spatially and temporally. At the trans-Golgi network (TGN), intrinsic structural features of proteins and several sorting mechanisms and distinct signals direct newly synthesized proteins into proper membrane vesicles that enter either constitutive or regulated secretion pathways. Furthermore, this anterograde transport is counterbalanced by retrograde transport, which not only maintains membrane homeostasis but also recycles various proteins that function in the sorting of secretory cargo, formation of transport intermediates, or retrieval of resident proteins of secretory organelles. The retromer complex recycles proteins from the endocytic pathway back to the plasma membrane or TGN and was recently identified as a critical player in regulated secretion in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, melanoma antigen protein L2 (MAGEL2) was discovered to act as a tissue-specific regulator of the retromer-dependent endosomal protein recycling pathway and, by doing so, ensures proper secretory granule formation and maturation. MAGEL2 is a mammalian-specific and maternally imprinted gene implicated in Prader-Willi and Schaaf-Yang neurodevelopmental syndromes. In this review, we will briefly discuss the current understanding of the regulated secretion pathway, encompassing anterograde and retrograde traffic. Although our understanding of the retrograde trafficking and sorting in regulated secretion is not yet complete, we will review recent insights into the molecular role of MAGEL2 in hypothalamic neuroendocrine secretion and how its dysregulation contributes to the symptoms of Prader-Willi and Schaaf-Yang patients. Given that the activation of many secreted proteins occurs after they enter secretory granules, modulation of the sorting efficiency in a tissue-specific manner may represent an evolutionary adaptation to environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Štepihar
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, TX, United States
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rebecca R. Florke Gee
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Maria Camila Hoyos Sanchez
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Klementina Fon Tacer
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, TX, United States
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9
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Hoyos Sanchez MC, Bayat T, Gee RRF, Fon Tacer K. Hormonal Imbalances in Prader-Willi and Schaaf-Yang Syndromes Imply the Evolution of Specific Regulation of Hypothalamic Neuroendocrine Function in Mammals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13109. [PMID: 37685915 PMCID: PMC10487939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus regulates fundamental aspects of physiological homeostasis and behavior, including stress response, reproduction, growth, sleep, and feeding, several of which are affected in patients with Prader-Willi (PWS) and Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS). PWS is caused by paternal deletion, maternal uniparental disomy, or imprinting defects that lead to loss of expression of a maternally imprinted region of chromosome 15 encompassing non-coding RNAs and five protein-coding genes; SYS patients have a mutation in one of them, MAGEL2. Throughout life, PWS and SYS patients suffer from musculoskeletal deficiencies, intellectual disabilities, and hormonal abnormalities, which lead to compulsive behaviors like hyperphagia and temper outbursts. Management of PWS and SYS is mostly symptomatic and cures for these debilitating disorders do not exist, highlighting a clear, unmet medical need. Research over several decades into the molecular and cellular roles of PWS genes has uncovered that several impinge on the neuroendocrine system. In this review, we will discuss the expression and molecular functions of PWS genes, connecting them with hormonal imbalances in patients and animal models. Besides the observed hormonal imbalances, we will describe the recent findings about how the loss of individual genes, particularly MAGEL2, affects the molecular mechanisms of hormone secretion. These results suggest that MAGEL2 evolved as a mammalian-specific regulator of hypothalamic neuroendocrine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Camila Hoyos Sanchez
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, 7671 Evans Dr., Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Tara Bayat
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, 7671 Evans Dr., Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Rebecca R. Florke Gee
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, 7671 Evans Dr., Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Klementina Fon Tacer
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, 7671 Evans Dr., Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research (TC3R), Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
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10
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Carosi JM, Denton D, Kumar S, Sargeant TJ. Receptor Recycling by Retromer. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:317-334. [PMID: 37350516 PMCID: PMC10348044 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2222053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved retromer complex controls the fate of hundreds of receptors that pass through the endolysosomal system and is a central regulatory node for diverse metabolic programs. More than 20 years ago, retromer was discovered as an essential regulator of endosome-to-Golgi transport in yeast; since then, significant progress has been made to characterize how metazoan retromer components assemble to enable its engagement with endosomal membranes, where it sorts cargo receptors from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network or plasma membrane through recognition of sorting motifs in their cytoplasmic tails. In this review, we examine retromer regulation by exploring its assembled structure with an emphasis on how a range of adaptor proteins shape the process of receptor trafficking. Specifically, we focus on how retromer is recruited to endosomes, selects cargoes, and generates tubulovesicular carriers that deliver cargoes to target membranes. We also examine how cells adapt to distinct metabolic states by coordinating retromer expression and function. We contrast similarities and differences between retromer and its related complexes: retriever and commander/CCC, as well as their interplay in receptor trafficking. We elucidate how loss of retromer regulation is central to the pathology of various neurogenerative and metabolic diseases, as well as microbial infections, and highlight both opportunities and cautions for therapeutics that target retromer. Finally, with a focus on understanding the mechanisms that govern retromer regulation, we outline new directions for the field moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M. Carosi
- Lysosomal Health in Ageing, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Donna Denton
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Timothy J. Sargeant
- Lysosomal Health in Ageing, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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11
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Kulkarni R, Kasani SK, Tsai CY, Tung SY, Yeh KH, Yu CHA, Chang W. FAM21 is critical for TLR2/CLEC4E-mediated dendritic cell function against Candida albicans. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201414. [PMID: 36717248 PMCID: PMC9888482 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
FAM21 (family with sequence similarity 21) is a component of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and SCAR homologue (WASH) protein complex that mediates actin polymerization at endosomal membranes to facilitate sorting of cargo-containing vesicles out of endosomes. To study the function of FAM21 in vivo, we generated conditional knockout (cKO) mice in the C57BL/6 background in which FAM21 was specifically knocked out of CD11c-positive dendritic cells. BMDCs from those mice displayed enlarged early endosomes, and altered cell migration and morphology relative to WT cells. FAM21-cKO cells were less competent in phagocytosis and protein antigen presentation in vitro, though peptide antigen presentation was not affected. More importantly, we identified the TLR2/CLEC4E signaling pathway as being down-regulated in FAM21-cKO BMDCs when challenged with its specific ligand Candida albicans Moreover, FAM21-cKO mice were more susceptible to C. albicans infection than WT mice. Reconstitution of WT BMDCs in FAM21-cKO mice rescued them from lethal C. albicans infection. Thus, our study highlights the importance of FAM21 in a host immune response against a significant pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kulkarni
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Siti Khadijah Kasani
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yen Tsai
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yun Tung
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Hai Yeh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wen Chang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Castilla-Vallmanya L, Centeno-Pla M, Serrano M, Franco-Valls H, Martínez-Cabrera R, Prat-Planas A, Rojano E, Ranea JAG, Seoane P, Oliva C, Paredes-Fuentes AJ, Marfany G, Artuch R, Grinberg D, Rabionet R, Balcells S, Urreizti R. Advancing in Schaaf-Yang syndrome pathophysiology: from bedside to subcellular analyses of truncated MAGEL2. J Med Genet 2023; 60:406-415. [PMID: 36243518 PMCID: PMC10086475 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) is caused by truncating mutations in MAGEL2, mapping to the Prader-Willi region (15q11-q13), with an observed phenotype partially overlapping that of Prader-Willi syndrome. MAGEL2 plays a role in retrograde transport and protein recycling regulation. Our aim is to contribute to the characterisation of SYS pathophysiology at clinical, genetic and molecular levels. METHODS We performed an extensive phenotypic and mutational revision of previously reported patients with SYS. We analysed the secretion levels of amyloid-β 1-40 peptide (Aβ1-40) and performed targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic profiles in fibroblasts of patients with SYS (n=7) compared with controls (n=11). We also transfected cell lines with vectors encoding wild-type (WT) or mutated MAGEL2 to assess stability and subcellular localisation of the truncated protein. RESULTS Functional studies show significantly decreased levels of secreted Aβ1-40 and intracellular glutamine in SYS fibroblasts compared with WT. We also identified 132 differentially expressed genes, including non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as HOTAIR, and many of them related to developmental processes and mitotic mechanisms. The truncated form of MAGEL2 displayed a stability similar to the WT but it was significantly switched to the nucleus, compared with a mainly cytoplasmic distribution of the WT MAGEL2. Based on the updated knowledge, we offer guidelines for the clinical management of patients with SYS. CONCLUSION A truncated MAGEL2 protein is stable and localises mainly in the nucleus, where it might exert a pathogenic neomorphic effect. Aβ1-40 secretion levels and HOTAIR mRNA levels might be promising biomarkers for SYS. Our findings may improve SYS understanding and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Castilla-Vallmanya
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Centeno-Pla
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Serrano
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Héctor Franco-Valls
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Martínez-Cabrera
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aina Prat-Planas
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rojano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan A G Ranea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pedro Seoane
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Clara Oliva
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abraham J Paredes-Fuentes
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Grinberg
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Rabionet
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susanna Balcells
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roser Urreizti
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Campellone KG, Lebek NM, King VL. Branching out in different directions: Emerging cellular functions for the Arp2/3 complex and WASP-family actin nucleation factors. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151301. [PMID: 36907023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton impacts practically every function of a eukaryotic cell. Historically, the best-characterized cytoskeletal activities are in cell morphogenesis, motility, and division. The structural and dynamic properties of the actin cytoskeleton are also crucial for establishing, maintaining, and changing the organization of membrane-bound organelles and other intracellular structures. Such activities are important in nearly all animal cells and tissues, although distinct anatomical regions and physiological systems rely on different regulatory factors. Recent work indicates that the Arp2/3 complex, a broadly expressed actin nucleator, drives actin assembly during several intracellular stress response pathways. These newly described Arp2/3-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements are coordinated by members of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) family of actin nucleation-promoting factors. Thus, the Arp2/3 complex and WASP-family proteins are emerging as crucial players in cytoplasmic and nuclear activities including autophagy, apoptosis, chromatin dynamics, and DNA repair. Characterizations of the functions of the actin assembly machinery in such stress response mechanisms are advancing our understanding of both normal and pathogenic processes, and hold great promise for providing insights into organismal development and interventions for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth G Campellone
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Nadine M Lebek
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Virginia L King
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
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14
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Berlin I, Sapmaz A, Stévenin V, Neefjes J. Ubiquitin and its relatives as wizards of the endolysosomal system. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:288517. [PMID: 36825571 PMCID: PMC10022685 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The endolysosomal system comprises a dynamic constellation of vesicles working together to sense and interpret environmental cues and facilitate homeostasis. Integrating extracellular information with the internal affairs of the cell requires endosomes and lysosomes to be proficient in decision-making: fusion or fission; recycling or degradation; fast transport or contacts with other organelles. To effectively discriminate between these options, the endolysosomal system employs complex regulatory strategies that crucially rely on reversible post-translational modifications (PTMs) with ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins. The cycle of conjugation, recognition and removal of different Ub- and Ubl-modified states informs cellular protein stability and behavior at spatial and temporal resolution and is thus well suited to finetune macromolecular complex assembly and function on endolysosomal membranes. Here, we discuss how ubiquitylation (also known as ubiquitination) and its biochemical relatives orchestrate endocytic traffic and designate cargo fate, influence membrane identity transitions and support formation of membrane contact sites (MCSs). Finally, we explore the opportunistic hijacking of Ub and Ubl modification cascades by intracellular bacteria that remodel host trafficking pathways to invade and prosper inside cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Berlin
- Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center LUMC, Einthovenweg 20, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aysegul Sapmaz
- Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center LUMC, Einthovenweg 20, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Virginie Stévenin
- Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center LUMC, Einthovenweg 20, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center LUMC, Einthovenweg 20, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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15
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Lan SY, Ding Y, Wang C, Fang J, Ren C, Liu JL, Kang H, Chang Y. High Level of Ubiquitin Conjugate Enzyme E2O Indicates Poor Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:93-103. [PMID: 36269535 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ubiquitin conjugate enzyme E2O (UBE2O) is a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that has been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis. This study investigated the role of UBE2O in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS The expression of UBE2O was detected using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Cell proliferation and Transwell assays were used to detect proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between UBE2O and the clinical features, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration of HCC. RESULTS UBE2O was significantly over-expressed in HCC tissues. High expression of UBE2O was associated with poor tumor grade and poor prognosis. Functional experiments showed that down-regulation of UBE2O inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Co-expression gene analysis and gene set enrichment analysis showed that UBE2O was associated with protein hydrolysis, cell cycle, and cancer-related pathways in HCC. The results of immune analysis revealed that the expression of UBE2O was positively correlated with the immune infiltration and expression of immune-related chemokines of HCC. CONCLUSIONS UBE2O is significantly correlated with the prognosis of HCC and may be a valuable prognostic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jia-Liang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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16
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Reznik DL, Yang MV, Albelda de la Haza P, Jain A, Spanjaard M, Theiss S, Schaaf CP, Malovannaya A, Strong TV, Veeraragavan S, Samaco RC. Magel2 truncation alters select behavioral and physiological outcomes in a rat model of Schaaf-Yang syndrome. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:286598. [PMID: 36637363 PMCID: PMC9922728 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies in mice have utilized Magel2 gene deletion models to examine the consequences of its absence. We report the generation, molecular validation and phenotypic characterization of a novel rat model with a truncating Magel2 mutation modeling variants associated with Schaaf-Yang syndrome-causing mutations. Within the hypothalamus, a brain region in which human MAGEL2 is paternally expressed, we demonstrated, at the level of transcript and peptide detection, that rat Magel2 exhibits a paternal, parent-of-origin effect. In evaluations of behavioral features across several domains, juvenile Magel2 mutant rats displayed alterations in anxiety-like behavior and sociability measures. Moreover, the analysis of peripheral organ systems detected alterations in body composition, cardiac structure and function, and breathing irregularities in Magel2 mutant rats. Several of these findings are concordant with reported mouse phenotypes, indicating the conservation of MAGEL2 function across rodent species. Our comprehensive analysis revealing impairments across multiple domains demonstrates the tractability of this model system for the study of truncating MAGEL2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek L Reznik
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mingxiao V Yang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pedro Albelda de la Haza
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antrix Jain
- Baylor College of Medicine, Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Melanie Spanjaard
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Human Genetics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Theiss
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Human Genetics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian P Schaaf
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Human Genetics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Baylor College of Medicine, Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Baylor College of Medicine, Verna and Marrs McLean Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Baylor College of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Theresa V Strong
- Foundation for Prader-Willi Research, Walnut, CA 91789, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Surabi Veeraragavan
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rodney C Samaco
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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17
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Rawat S, Chatterjee D, Marwaha R, Charak G, Kumar G, Shaw S, Khatter D, Sharma S, de Heus C, Liv N, Klumperman J, Tuli A, Sharma M. RUFY1 binds Arl8b and mediates endosome-to-TGN CI-M6PR retrieval for cargo sorting to lysosomes. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202108001. [PMID: 36282215 PMCID: PMC9597352 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202108001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arl8b, an Arf-like GTP-binding protein, regulates cargo trafficking and positioning of lysosomes. However, it is unknown whether Arl8b regulates lysosomal cargo sorting. Here, we report that Arl8b binds to the Rab4 and Rab14 interaction partner, RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein (RUFY) 1, a known regulator of cargo sorting from recycling endosomes. Arl8b determines RUFY1 endosomal localization through regulating its interaction with Rab14. RUFY1 depletion led to a delay in CI-M6PR retrieval from endosomes to the TGN, resulting in impaired delivery of newly synthesized hydrolases to lysosomes. We identified the dynein-dynactin complex as an RUFY1 interaction partner, and similar to a subset of activating dynein adaptors, the coiled-coil region of RUFY1 was required for interaction with dynein and the ability to mediate dynein-dependent organelle clustering. Our findings suggest that Arl8b and RUFY1 play a novel role on recycling endosomes, from where this machinery regulates endosomes to TGN retrieval of CI-M6PR and, consequently, lysosomal cargo sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Rawat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM), Punjab, India
| | - Dhruba Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM), Punjab, India
| | - Rituraj Marwaha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM), Punjab, India
| | - Gitanjali Charak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM), Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Shrestha Shaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM), Punjab, India
| | - Divya Khatter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM), Punjab, India
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Cecilia de Heus
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nalan Liv
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Judith Klumperman
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Amit Tuli
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Mahak Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM), Punjab, India
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18
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Smits DJ, Dekker J, Schot R, Tabarki B, Alhashem A, Demmers JAA, Dekkers DHW, Romito A, van der Spek PJ, van Ham TJ, Bertoli-Avella AM, Mancini GMS. CLEC16A interacts with retromer and TRIM27, and its loss impairs endosomal trafficking and neurodevelopment. Hum Genet 2023; 142:379-397. [PMID: 36538041 PMCID: PMC9950183 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CLEC16A is a membrane-associated C-type lectin protein that functions as a E3-ubiquitin ligase. CLEC16A regulates autophagy and mitophagy, and reportedly localizes to late endosomes. GWAS studies have associated CLEC16A SNPs to various auto-immune and neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis and Parkinson disease. Studies in mouse models imply a role for CLEC16A in neurodegeneration. We identified bi-allelic CLEC16A truncating variants in siblings from unrelated families presenting with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder including microcephaly, brain atrophy, corpus callosum dysgenesis, and growth retardation. To understand the function of CLEC16A in neurodevelopment we used in vitro models and zebrafish embryos. We observed CLEC16A localization to early endosomes in HEK293T cells. Mass spectrometry of human CLEC16A showed interaction with endosomal retromer complex subunits and the endosomal ubiquitin ligase TRIM27. Expression of the human variant leading to C-terminal truncated CLEC16A, abolishes both its endosomal localization and interaction with TRIM27, suggesting a loss-of-function effect. CLEC16A knockdown increased TRIM27 adhesion to early endosomes and abnormal accumulation of endosomal F-actin, a sign of disrupted vesicle sorting. Mutagenesis of clec16a by CRISPR-Cas9 in zebrafish embryos resulted in accumulated acidic/phagolysosome compartments, in neurons and microglia, and dysregulated mitophagy. The autophagocytic phenotype was rescued by wild-type human CLEC16A but not the C-terminal truncated CLEC16A. Our results demonstrate that CLEC16A closely interacts with retromer components and regulates endosomal fate by fine-tuning levels of TRIM27 and polymerized F-actin on the endosome surface. Dysregulation of CLEC16A-mediated endosomal sorting is associated with neurodegeneration, but it also causes accumulation of autophagosomes and unhealthy mitochondria during brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne J Smits
- Department of Clinical Genetics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jordy Dekker
- Department of Clinical Genetics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Rachel Schot
- Department of Clinical Genetics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brahim Tabarki
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alhashem
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeroen A A Demmers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Proteomics Center, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dick H W Dekkers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Proteomics Center, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J van der Spek
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Bioinformatics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tjakko J van Ham
- Department of Clinical Genetics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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19
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Buser DP, Spang A. Protein sorting from endosomes to the TGN. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1140605. [PMID: 36895788 PMCID: PMC9988951 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1140605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Retrograde transport from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network is essential for recycling of protein and lipid cargoes to counterbalance anterograde membrane traffic. Protein cargo subjected to retrograde traffic include lysosomal acid-hydrolase receptors, SNARE proteins, processing enzymes, nutrient transporters, a variety of other transmembrane proteins, and some extracellular non-host proteins such as viral, plant, and bacterial toxins. Efficient delivery of these protein cargo molecules depends on sorting machineries selectively recognizing and concentrating them for their directed retrograde transport from endosomal compartments. In this review, we outline the different retrograde transport pathways governed by various sorting machineries involved in endosome-to-TGN transport. In addition, we discuss how this transport route can be analyzed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Spang
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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20
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Yang Y, Li G, Wang Y, Sun Y, Xu C, Wei Z, Zhang S, Gao L, Liu S, Zhao J. Facile discovery of red blood cell deformation and compromised membrane/skeleton assembly in Prader-Willi syndrome. Front Med 2022; 16:946-956. [PMID: 36385596 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-022-0962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare congenital disease with genetic alterations in chromosome 15. Although genetic disorders and DNA methylation abnormalities involved in PWS have been investigated to a significant degree, other anomalies such as those in erythrocytes may occur and these have not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we uncovered slight anemia in children with PWS that was associated with increased red blood cell (RBC) distribution width (RDW) and contrarily reduced hematocrit (HCT) values. Intriguingly, the increased ratio in RDW to HCT allowed sufficient differentiation between the PWS patients from the healthy controls and, importantly, with individuals exhibiting conventional obesity. Further morphologic examinations revealed a significant deformity in erythrocytes and mild hemolysis in PWS patients. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations unveiled compromised membrane skeletal assembly and membrane lipid composition, and revealed a reduced F-actin/G-actin ratio in PWS patients. We ascribed these phenotypic changes in erythrocytes to the observed genetic defects, including DNA methylation abnormalities. Our collective data allowed us to uncover RBC deformation in children with PWS, and this may constitute an auxiliary indicator of PWS in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashuang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Guimei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Medical Social Work Office, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China. .,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China. .,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China.
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21
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Zheng H, Mei S, Li F, Wei L, Wang Y, Huang J, Zhang F, Huang J, Liu Y, Gu W, Liu H. Expansion of the mutation spectrum and phenotype of USP7-related neurodevelopmental disorder. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:970649. [PMID: 36466803 PMCID: PMC9708884 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.970649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hao-fountain syndrome (HAFOUS) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by global developmental and severe language delays, behavioral abnormalities (including autism), and mild dysmorphic impairment of intellectual development. It is a dominant genetic disease caused by USP7 gene (*602519) mutations on chromosome 16p13.2. So far, only 15 cases with 14 deleterious variants in the USP7 gene have been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study describes three unrelated patients with USP7 variants. Besides, we identified novel de novo heterozygous USP7 variants using trio-whole exome sequencing and verified by Sanger sequencing. Furthermore, clinical characteristics were evaluated by reviewing the medical records. RESULTS The three identified variants, i.e., one frameshift variant (c.247_250del, p.Glu83Argfs × 18) and two missense variants (c.992A > G, p.Tyr331Cys; c.835T > G, p.Leu279Val) are unreported. The predominant clinical manifestations of the three patients included: DD/ID; language impairment; abnormal behavior; abnormal brain magnetic resonance (dilation of lateral ventricles, dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces, dilated the third ventricle, abnormal cerebral white matter morphology in bilateral occipital lobes, hypodysplasia of the corpus callosum, arachnoid cyst, delayed myelination, and widened subarachnoid space); some also had facial abnormalities. CONCLUSION In summary, DD/ID is the most prevalent clinical phenotype of HAFOUS, although some patients also exhibit language and behavioral abnormalities. For the first time in China, we identified three variants of the USP7 gene using whole-genome sequence data. This work expands the USP7 gene mutation spectrum and provides additional clinical data on the clinical phenotype of HAFOUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiyue Mei
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children’s Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fuwei Li
- Beijing Chigene Translational Medical Research Center Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Liwan Wei
- Beijing Chigene Translational Medical Research Center Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | | | - Jinrong Huang
- Ganzhou Women and Children’s Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Ganzhou Women and Children’s Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiyue Gu
- Beijing Chigene Translational Medical Research Center Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
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22
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Ma M, Zhang C, Cao R, Tang D, Sang X, Zou S, Wang X, Xu H, Liu G, Dai L, Tian Y, Gao X, Fu X. UBE2O promotes lipid metabolic reprogramming and liver cancer progression by mediating HADHA ubiquitination. Oncogene 2022; 41:5199-5213. [PMID: 36273042 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02509-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells rely on heightened protein quality control mechanisms, including the ubiquitin-proteosome system that is predominantly driven by ubiquitination comprising E1, E2, and E3 trienzyme cascades. Although E3s have been extensively studied, the implication of E2s in tumorigenesis is poorly defined. Here we reveal a critical E2 in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among all of E2s, UBE2O shows the strongest association with HCC survival prognosis, and its expression is increased in HCC tumors. Accordingly, UBE2O deficiency inhibits HCC growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo, while its overexpression has opposite effects. Depending on both E2 and E3 enzymatic activities, UBE2O can interact with and mediate the ubiquitination and degradation of HADHA, a mitochondrial β-oxidation enzyme, thereby modulating lipid metabolic reprogramming. HADHA is reduced in HCC tumors and inversely correlated with UBE2O levels. Importantly, HADHA acts as a tumor suppressor and primarily mediates UBE2O's function on HCC. Moreover, liver-specific deletion of Ube2o in mice are resistant to DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, along with HADHA upregulation and reduced hepatic lipid accumulation. These data reveal UBE2O as a novel oncogenic driver for metabolic reprogramming and HCC development, highlighting the potential of targeting UBE2O/HADHA axis for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Ma
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Changhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiongbo Sang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Sailan Zou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Geng Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Tian
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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23
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Virtual Screening and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of Moringa oleifera with Melanoma Antigen A (MAGE-A) Genes against the Therapeutics of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers (NSCLCs). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205052. [PMID: 36291836 PMCID: PMC9600242 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, there have been significant advancements in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, including remarkable gains in detection, diagnosis, and therapy. The emergence of molecular targeted therapies, immunotherapeutic inhibitors, and antiangiogenesis medicines has largely fueled improvements in combination therapy and systemic treatments, all of which have dramatically ameliorated patient outcomes. The Moringa oleifera bioactive compounds have been effective in the suppression of cancers, making them the therapeutic agents of choice for the current investigation to treat MAGE-A presented in NSCLC. The ligand entrants were screened for their pharmacological properties, and 2,2-diphenyl-1,3-benzodioxole was stipulated as the lead candidate. 2,2-Diphenyl-1,3-benzodioxole exhibited better pharmacological properties and superior binding with branched-chain amino acids, making it an ideal candidate to address MAGE-A. The study concluded that addressing MAGE-A to impede their activity and antigenicity can be exploited as immunotarget(s).
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24
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Negishi Y, Kurosawa K, Takano K, Matsubara K, Nishiyama T, Saitoh S. A nationwide survey of Schaaf-Yang syndrome in Japan. J Hum Genet 2022; 67:735-738. [PMID: 36220858 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) is a congenital disorder characterized by developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder and congenital joint contractures. In this study, a nationwide epidemiological questionnaire-based survey of SYS in the Japanese population was conducted to establish patient numbers, clinical features and genetic information. In the primary survey, we investigated the number of SYS patients. In the secondary survey, we obtained and analyzed detailed clinical and genetic information of SYS patients. This survey collected information on 25 genetically-confirmed patients. The major clinical symptoms included neonatal hypotonia (96% of the patients), poor suck in infancy (82%), developmental delay (100%) and joint contractures (83%). Other main symptoms and findings included characteristic facial features (100%), small hands (92%), eye abnormalities (92%) and short stature (79%). Based on the information collected on activities of daily living, 71% of patients were unable to walk, while 67%, 71%, and 81% of patients required full assistance with eating, toileting and bathing, respectively. Regarding inheritability, the genetic analysis of 21 patients revealed that 14 (67%) carried de novo truncating variants in the melanoma antigen L2 (MAGEL2) gene and seven (33%) had inherited truncating variants from their fathers who were carriers. This survey revealed the clinical and genetic features in Japanese SYS patients. The majority of SYS patients required assistance in many aspects of daily living, and there were a certain number of carriers of the imprinting disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Negishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Kurosawa
- Division of Medical Genetics, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kyoko Takano
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsubara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishiyama
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
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25
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Dhawan K, Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Coronin2A links actin-based endosomal processes to the EHD1 fission machinery. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar107. [PMID: 35921168 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-12-0624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fission of transport vesicles from endosomes is a crucial step in the recycling of lipids and receptors to the plasma membrane, but this process remains poorly understood. Although key components of the fission machinery, including the actin cytoskeleton and the ATPase Eps15 homology domain protein 1 (EHD1), have been implicated in endosomal fission, how this process is coordinately regulated is not known. We have identified the actin regulatory protein Coronin2A (CORO2A) as a novel EHD1 interaction partner. CORO2A localizes to stress fibers and actin microfilaments but also can be observed in partial overlap with EHD1 on endosomal structures. siRNA knockdown of CORO2A led to enlarged lamellae-like actin-rich protrusions, consistent with a role of other Coronin family proteins in attenuating actin-branching. Moreover, CORO2A depletion also caused a marked decrease in the internalization of clathrin-dependent cargo but had little impact on the uptake of clathrin-independent cargo, highlighting key differences in the role of branched actin for different modes of endocytosis. However, CORO2A was required for recycling of clathrin-independent cargo, and its depletion led to enlarged endosomes, supporting a role for CORO2A in the fission of endosomal vesicles. Our data support a novel role for CORO2A in coordinating endosomal fission and recycling with EHD1. [Media: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198
| | - Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198
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26
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Ding B, Yang S, Schaks M, Liu Y, Brown AJ, Rottner K, Chowdhury S, Chen B. Structures reveal a key mechanism of WAVE regulatory complex activation by Rac1 GTPase. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5444. [PMID: 36114192 PMCID: PMC9481577 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rho-family GTPase Rac1 activates the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) to drive Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin polymerization in many essential processes. Rac1 binds to WRC at two distinct sites-the A and D sites. Precisely how Rac1 binds and how the binding triggers WRC activation remain unknown. Here we report WRC structures by itself, and when bound to single or double Rac1 molecules, at ~3 Å resolutions by cryogenic-electron microscopy. The structures reveal that Rac1 binds to the two sites by distinct mechanisms, and binding to the A site, but not the D site, drives WRC activation. Activation involves a series of unique conformational changes leading to the release of sequestered WCA (WH2-central-acidic) polypeptide, which stimulates the Arp2/3 complex to polymerize actin. Together with biochemical and cellular analyses, the structures provide a novel mechanistic understanding of how the Rac1-WRC-Arp2/3-actin signaling axis is regulated in diverse biological processes and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojian Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Sheng Yang
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Target & Protein Sciences, Janssen R&D, Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring house, PA, 19477, USA
| | - Matthias Schaks
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Soilytix GmbH, Dammtorwall 7 A, 20354, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yijun Liu
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Abbigale J Brown
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Rebenring 56, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Saikat Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| | - Baoyu Chen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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27
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Kramer DA, Piper HK, Chen B. WASP family proteins: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human disease. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151244. [PMID: 35667337 PMCID: PMC9357188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family play a central role in regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics in a wide range of cellular processes. Genetic mutations or misregulation of these proteins are tightly associated with many diseases. The WASP-family proteins act by transmitting various upstream signals to their conserved WH2-Central-Acidic (WCA) peptide sequence at the C-terminus, which in turn binds to the Arp2/3 complex to stimulate the formation of branched actin networks at membranes. Despite this common feature, the regulatory mechanisms and cellular functions of distinct WASP-family proteins are very different. Here, we summarize and clarify our current understanding of WASP-family proteins and how disruption of their functions is related to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Kramer
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Hannah K Piper
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Baoyu Chen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 2437 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Fleming MC, Chiou LF, Tumbale PP, Droby GN, Lim J, Norris-Drouin JL, Williams JG, Pearce KH, Williams RS, Vaziri C, Bowers AA. Discovery and Structural Basis of the Selectivity of Potent Cyclic Peptide Inhibitors of MAGE-A4. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7231-7245. [PMID: 35522528 PMCID: PMC9930912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MAGE proteins are cancer testis antigens (CTAs) that are characterized by highly conserved MAGE homology domains (MHDs) and are increasingly being found to play pivotal roles in promoting aggressive cancer types. MAGE-A4, in particular, increases DNA damage tolerance and chemoresistance in a variety of cancers by stabilizing the E3-ligase RAD18 and promoting trans-lesion synthesis (TLS). Inhibition of the MAGE-A4:RAD18 axis could sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutics like platinating agents. We use an mRNA display of thioether cyclized peptides to identify a series of potent and highly selective macrocyclic inhibitors of the MAGE-A4:RAD18 interaction. Co-crystal structure indicates that these inhibitors bind in a pocket that is conserved across MHDs but take advantage of A4-specific residues to achieve high isoform selectivity. Cumulatively, our data represent the first reported inhibitor of the MAGE-A4:RAD18 interaction and establish biochemical tools and structural insights for the future development of MAGE-A4-targeted cellular probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Fleming
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States,Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Lilly F. Chiou
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Percy P. Tumbale
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, US National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, USA
| | - Gaith N. Droby
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Jiwoong Lim
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States,Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Jacqueline L. Norris-Drouin
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States,Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Jason G. Williams
- Epigenetics & Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA
| | - Kenneth H. Pearce
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States,Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - R. Scott Williams
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, US National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, USA
| | - Cyrus Vaziri
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA,Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Albert A. Bowers
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States,Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States,Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
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29
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Abstract
Complex mechanisms govern the sorting of membrane (cargo) proteins at endosomes to ensure that protein localization to the post-Golgi endomembrane system is accurately maintained. Endosomal retrieval complexes mediate sorting by recognizing specific motifs and signals in the cytoplasmic domains of cargo proteins transiting through endosomes. In this review, the recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of how the retromer complex, in conjunction with sorting nexin (SNX) proteins, operates in cargo recognition and sorting is discussed. New data revealing the importance of different SNX proteins and detailing how post-translational modifications can modulate cargo sorting to respond to changes in the environment are highlighted along with the key role that endosomal protein sorting plays in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yong
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lejiao Mao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Matthew N J Seaman
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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30
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Guenette RG, Yang SW, Min J, Pei B, Potts PR. Target and tissue selectivity of PROTAC degraders. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5740-5756. [PMID: 35587208 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00200k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation (TPD) strategies have revolutionized how scientists tackle challenging protein targets deemed undruggable with traditional small molecule inhibitors. Many promising campaigns to inhibit proteins have failed due to factors surrounding inhibition selectivity and targeting of compounds to specific tissues and cell types. One of the major improvements that PROTAC (proteolysis targeting chimera) and molecular glue technology can exert is highly selective control of target inhibition. Multiple studies have shown that PROTACs can gain selectivity for their protein targets beyond that of their parent ligands via optimization of linker length and stabilization of ternary complexes. Due to the bifunctional nature of PROTACs, the tissue selective nature of E3 ligases can be exploited to uncover novel targeting mechanisms. In this review, we provide critical analysis of the recent progress towards making selective PROTAC molecules and new PROTAC technologies that will continue to push the boundaries of achieving selectivity. These efforts have wide implications in the future of treating disease as they will broaden the possible targets that can be addressed by small molecules, like undruggable proteins or broadly active targets that would benefit from degradation in specific tissue types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seung Wook Yang
- Induced Proximity Platform, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
| | - Jaeki Min
- Induced Proximity Platform, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
| | - Baikang Pei
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
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31
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Yu H, Wan L, Tang Z, Yao C, Zhang D, Jiang M, Wang C, Liu Y, Xue C, Wang X, Shi Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Wei Z. TRIM27 regulates the expression of PDCD4 by the ubiquitin‑proteasome pathway in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:120. [PMID: 35583010 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huayun Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyun Tang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Chenchen Yao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Derui Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Chongli Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yuqiu Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Chenyue Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Xishuang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yongyu Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zengtao Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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32
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Yoshida S, Hasegawa T. Beware of Misdelivery: Multifaceted Role of Retromer Transport in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:897688. [PMID: 35601613 PMCID: PMC9120357 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.897688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retromer is a highly integrated multimeric protein complex that mediates retrograde cargo sorting from endosomal compartments. In concert with its accessory proteins, the retromer drives packaged cargoes to tubular and vesicular structures, thereby transferring them to the trans-Golgi network or to the plasma membrane. In addition to the endosomal trafficking, the retromer machinery participates in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic processes and thus contributes to cellular homeostasis. The retromer components and their associated molecules are expressed in different types of cells including neurons and glial cells, and accumulating evidence from genetic and biochemical studies suggests that retromer dysfunction is profoundly involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, targeting retromer components could alleviate the neurodegenerative process, suggesting that the retromer complex may serve as a promising therapeutic target. In this review, we will provide the latest insight into the regulatory mechanisms of retromer and discuss how its dysfunction influences the pathological process leading to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yoshida
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Yonezawa Hospital, Yonezawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hasegawa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- *Correspondence: Takafumi Hasegawa,
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33
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Buser DP, Bader G, Spiess M. Retrograde transport of CDMPR depends on several machineries as analyzed by sulfatable nanobodies. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/7/e202101269. [PMID: 35314489 PMCID: PMC8961009 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanobody toolkit enables the quantitative analysis of endosome-to-TGN transport of the mannose-6-phosphate receptor in cells depleted of retrograde transport machineries Retrograde protein transport from the cell surface and endosomes to the TGN is essential for membrane homeostasis in general and for the recycling of mannose-6-phosphate receptors (MPRs) for sorting of lysosomal hydrolases in particular. We used a nanobody-based sulfation tool to more directly determine transport kinetics from the plasma membrane to the TGN for the cation-dependent MPR (CDMPR) with and without rapid or gradual inactivation of candidate machinery proteins. Although knockdown of retromer (Vps26), epsinR, or Rab9a reduced CDMPR arrival to the TGN, no effect was observed upon silencing of TIP47. Strikingly, when retrograde transport was analyzed by rapamycin-induced rapid depletion (knocksideways) or long-term depletion by knockdown of the clathrin adaptor AP-1 or of the GGA machinery, distinct phenotypes in sulfation kinetics were observed, suggesting a potential role of GGA adaptors in retrograde and anterograde transport. Our study illustrates the usefulness of derivatized, sulfation-competent nanobodies, reveals novel insights into CDMPR trafficking biology, and further outlines that the selection of machinery inactivation is critical for phenotype analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaétan Bader
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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34
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Cassioli C, Baldari CT. Lymphocyte Polarization During Immune Synapse Assembly: Centrosomal Actin Joins the Game. Front Immunol 2022; 13:830835. [PMID: 35222415 PMCID: PMC8873515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions among immune cells are essential for the development of adaptive immune responses. The immunological synapse (IS) provides a specialized platform for integration of signals and intercellular communication between T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells (APCs). In the T cell the reorganization of surface molecules at the synaptic interface is initiated by T cell receptor binding to a cognate peptide-major histocompatibility complex on the APC surface and is accompanied by a polarized remodelling of the cytoskeleton and centrosome reorientation to a subsynaptic position. Although there is a general agreement on polarizing signals and mechanisms driving centrosome reorientation during IS assembly, the primary events that prepare for centrosome repositioning remain largely unexplored. It has been recently shown that in resting lymphocytes a local polymerization of filamentous actin (F-actin) at the centrosome contributes to anchoring this organelle to the nucleus. During early stages of IS formation centrosomal F-actin undergoes depletion, allowing for centrosome detachment from the nucleus and its polarization towards the synaptic membrane. We recently demonstrated that in CD4+ T cells the reduction in centrosomal F-actin relies on the activity of a centrosome-associated proteasome and implicated the ciliopathy-related Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 protein in the dynein-dependent recruitment of the proteasome 19S regulatory subunit to the centrosome. In this short review we will feature our recent findings that collectively provide a new function for BBS proteins and the proteasome in actin dynamics, centrosome polarization and T cell activation.
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35
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Lu Y, Huang D, Wang B, Zheng B, Liu J, Song J, Zheng S. FAM21C Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Invasion and Metastasis by Driving Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling via Inhibiting Capping Ability of CAPZA1. Front Oncol 2022; 11:809195. [PMID: 35096613 PMCID: PMC8793146 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.809195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a high incidence of metastasis. The dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton plays an important role in the invasion and migration of HCC cells. In previous studies, we found that CAPZA1, a capping protein, can promote EMT of HCC cells by regulating the remodeling of the actin filament (F-actin) cytoskeleton, thus promoting the invasion and migration of HCC cells. In this study, we found that FAM21C may have a regulatory effect on CAPZA1, and we conducted an in-depth study on its potential regulatory mechanism. First, we found that FAM21C is highly expressed in HCC tissues and its high expression could promote the malignant progression of HCC. Meanwhile, the high expression of FAM21C promoted the invasion and migration of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Further, FAM21C interacted with CAPZA1, and their binding inhibited the capping capacity of CAPZA1, thus promoting the invasion and migration of HCC cells. This effect of FAM21C was abolished by mutating the CP-interacting (CPI) domain, the CAPZA1 binding site on FAM21C. In conclusion, high expression of FAM21C in HCC tissues can promote malignant progression of HCC and its potential mechanism involves FAM21C inhibition of CAPZA1 capping capacity by binding to CAPZA1, which drives F-actin cytoskeleton remodeling, and thus promotes invasion and migration of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary, General Hospital of Tibet Military Command Area, Tibet, China
| | - Baolin Wang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jialong Liu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Juxian Song
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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36
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Larbret F, Biber P, Dubois N, Ivanov S, Lafanechere L, Tartare-Deckert S, Deckert M. Deubiquitinase Inhibitors Impair Leukemic Cell Migration Through Cofilin Oxidation and Alteration of Actin Reorganization. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:778216. [PMID: 35069199 PMCID: PMC8782157 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin networks are dynamically regulated through constant depolymerization and polymerization cycles. Although the fundamental mechanisms that govern these processes have been identified, the nature and role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of actin and actin regulatory proteins are not completely understood. Here, we employed Actin CytoFRET, a method that we developed for real time detection of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) signals generated by actin dynamics, to screen a small library of PTM-interfering compounds on a biosensor leukemic T cell line. This strategy led to the identification of small molecule inhibitors of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) as potent inducers of actin polymerization and blockers of chemotactic cell migration. The examination of the underlying mechanism further revealed that the actin depolymerizing protein cofilin represents a major effector of DUB inhibitor (DUBi)-induced actin reorganization. We found that DUB blockade results in the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins and ROS production, associated with cofilin oxidation and dephosphorylation on serine 3, which provokes uncontrolled actin polymerization impairing cell migration. Together, our study highlights DUBs as novel regulators of actin dynamics through ROS-dependent cofilin modulation, and shows that DUBi represent attractive novel tools to impede leukemic cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Larbret
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Team MicroCan, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Pierric Biber
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Team MicroCan, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | | | | | - Laurence Lafanechere
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences, La Tronche, France
| | - Sophie Tartare-Deckert
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Team MicroCan, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Marcel Deckert
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France.,Team MicroCan, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
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37
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WASH interacts with Ku to regulate DNA double-stranded break repair. iScience 2022; 25:103676. [PMID: 35036867 PMCID: PMC8749218 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and SCAR homolog (WASH), an actin nucleation-promoting factor, is present in the nucleus where it regulates gene transcription and maintains nuclear organization. Here, we show that WASH interacts with core non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) factors including Ku70/Ku80 and DNA-PKcs, and Ku70/Ku80 is involved in the recruitment of WASH to the sites of DNA double-stranded break (DSB). WASH depletion leads to increased cell sensitivity and impaired DNA repair capacity in response to etoposide-induced DSBs and reduces NHEJ efficiency. Mechanistically, we show that loss of WASH inhibits the phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs, H2AX, and KAP1 after DSB induction and reduces chromatin relaxation and the recruitment of several downstream NHEJ factors to DSBs. Moreover, WASH role in DSB repair depends on its conserved C-terminal VCA domain and Arp2/3 activation. Our findings reveal a function and mechanistic insight for WASH in DNA DSB repair by the NHEJ pathway.
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38
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Saitoh S. Endosomal Recycling Defects and Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11010148. [PMID: 35011709 PMCID: PMC8750115 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality and quantity of membrane proteins are precisely and dynamically maintained through an endosomal recycling process. This endosomal recycling is executed by two protein complexes: retromer and recently identified retriever. Defects in the function of retromer or retriever cause dysregulation of many membrane proteins and result in several human disorders, including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Recently, neurodevelopmental disorders caused by pathogenic variants in genes associated with retriever were identified. This review focuses on the two recycling complexes and discuss their biological and developmental roles and the consequences of defects in endosomal recycling, especially in the nervous system. We also discuss future perspectives of a possible relationship of the dysfunction of retromer and retriever with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Kawasumi 1, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
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39
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Li S, Shi X, Li J, Zhou X. Pathogenicity of the MAGE family. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:844. [PMID: 34733362 PMCID: PMC8561213 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) protein family is a group of highly conserved proteins that share a common homology domain. Under normal circumstances, numerous MAGE proteins are only expressed in reproduction-related tissues; however, abnormal expression levels are observed in a variety of tumor tissues. The MAGE family consists of type I and II proteins, several of which are cancer-testis antigens that are highly expressed in cancer and serve a critical role in tumorigenesis. Therefore, this review will use the relationship between MAGEs and tumors as a starting point, focusing on the latest developments regarding the function of MAGEs as oncogenes, and preliminarily reveal their possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyan Li
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Shi
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Jingping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
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40
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Hu Y, He W, Huang Y, Xiang H, Guo J, Che Y, Cheng X, Hu F, Hu M, Ma T, Yu J, Tian H, Tian S, Ji YX, Zhang P, She ZG, Zhang XJ, Huang Z, Yang J, Li H. Fatty Acid Synthase-Suppressor Screening Identifies Sorting Nexin 8 as a Therapeutic Target for NAFLD. Hepatology 2021; 74:2508-2525. [PMID: 34231239 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS NAFLD is the most prevalent chronic liver disease without any Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacological intervention in clinic. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is one of the most attractive targets for NAFLD treatment because of its robust rate-limiting capacity to control hepatic de novo lipogenesis. However, the regulatory mechanisms of FASN in NAFLD and potential therapeutic strategies targeting FASN remain largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Through a systematic interactomics analysis of FASN-complex proteins, we screened and identified sorting nexin 8 (SNX8) as a binding partner of FASN. SNX8 directly bound to FASN and promoted FASN ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. We further demonstrated that SNX8 mediated FASN protein degradation by recruiting the E3 ligase tripartite motif containing 28 (TRIM28) and enhancing the TRIM28-FASN interaction. Notably, Snx8 interference in hepatocytes significantly deteriorated lipid accumulation in vitro, whereas SNX8 overexpression markedly blocked hepatocyte lipid deposition. Furthermore, the aggravating effect of Snx8 deletion on NAFLD was validated in vivo as hepatic steatosis and lipogenic pathways in the liver were significantly exacerbated in Snx8-knockout mice compared to wild-type controls. Consistently, hepatocyte-specific overexpression of Snx8 in vivo markedly suppressed high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHC)-induced hepatic steatosis. Notably, the protective effect of SNX8 against NAFLD was largely dependent on FASN suppression. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that SNX8 is a key suppressor of NAFLD that promotes FASN proteasomal degradation. Targeting the SNX8-FASN axis is a promising strategy for NAFLD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhi He
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Yongping Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Yan Che
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengjiao Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Manli Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Tian
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Tian
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Ji
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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41
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Retromer dependent changes in cellular homeostasis and Parkinson's disease. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:987-998. [PMID: 34528672 PMCID: PMC8709886 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To date, mechanistic treatments targeting the initial cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) are limited due to the underlying biological cause(s) been unclear. Endosomes and their associated cellular homeostasis processes have emerged to have a significant role in the pathophysiology associated with PD. Several variants within retromer complex have been identified and characterised within familial PD patients. The retromer complex represents a key sorting platform within the endosomal system that regulates cargo sorting that maintains cellular homeostasis. In this review, we summarise the current understandings of how PD-associated retromer variants disrupt cellular trafficking and how the retromer complex can interact with other PD-associated genes to contribute to the disease progression.
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42
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Dubey AR, Jagtap YA, Kumar P, Patwa SM, Kinger S, Kumar A, Singh S, Prasad A, Jana NR, Mishra A. Biochemical strategies of E3 ubiquitin ligases target viruses in critical diseases. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:161-182. [PMID: 34520596 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are known to cause various diseases in human and also infect other species such as animal plants, fungi, and bacteria. Replication of viruses depends upon their interaction with hosts. Human cells are prone to such unwanted viral infections. Disintegration and reconstitution require host machinery and various macromolecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins are invaded by viral particles. E3 ubiquitin ligases are known for their specific function, that is, recognition of their respective substrates for intracellular degradation. Still, we do not understand how ubiquitin proteasome system-based enzymes E3 ubiquitin ligases do their functional interaction with different viruses. Whether E3 ubiquitin ligases help in the elimination of viral components or viruses utilize their molecular capabilities in their intracellular propagation is not clear. The first time our current article comprehends fundamental concepts and new insights on the different viruses and their interaction with various E3 Ubiquitin Ligases. In this review, we highlight the molecular pathomechanism of viruses linked with E3 Ubiquitin Ligases dependent mechanisms. An enhanced understanding of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase-mediated removal of viral proteins may open new therapeutic strategies against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur R Dubey
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yuvraj A Jagtap
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Som M Patwa
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sumit Kinger
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India
| | - Nihar R Jana
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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43
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Vaidyanathan R, Schaller F, Muscatelli F, Hammock EAD. Colocalization of Oxtr with Prader-Willi syndrome transcripts in the trigeminal ganglion of neonatal mice. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:2065-2075. [PMID: 32420597 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is caused by deficient expression of the paternal copy of several contiguous genes on chromosome 15q11-q13 and affects multiple organ systems in the body, including the nervous system. Feeding and suckling deficits in infants with PWS are replaced with excessive feeding and obesity in childhood through adulthood. Clinical trials using intranasal oxytocin (OXT) show promise to improve feeding deficits in infants with PWS. The mechanism and location of action of exogenous OXT are unknown. We have recently shown in neonatal mice that OXT receptors (OXTR) are present in several regions of the face with direct roles in feeding. Here we show that the trigeminal ganglion, which provides sensory innervation to the face, is a rich source of Oxtr and a site of cellular co-expression with PWS gene transcripts. We also quantified OXTR ligand binding in mice deficient in Magel2, a PWS gene, within the trigeminal ganglion and regions that are anatomically relevant to feeding behavior and innervated by the trigeminal ganglion including the lateral periodontium, rostral periodontium, tongue, olfactory epithelium, whisker pads and brainstem. We found that peripheral OXTR ligand binding in the head is mostly intact in Magel2-deficient mice, although it is reduced in the lateral periodontium (gums) of neonatal Magel2-deficient mice compared to wild-type controls. These data suggest that OXT via orofacial OXTR may play a peripheral role to modulate sensory-motor reflexes necessary for suckling and may be part of the mechanism by which intranasal OXT shows promise for therapeutic benefit in PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Vaidyanathan
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Fabienne Schaller
- Aix-Marseille University UMR 1249, INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) Unité 1249, INMED (Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée), Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Muscatelli
- Aix-Marseille University UMR 1249, INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) Unité 1249, INMED (Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée), Marseille, France
| | - Elizabeth A D Hammock
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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44
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Cassioli C, Onnis A, Finetti F, Capitani N, Brunetti J, Compeer EB, Niederlova V, Stepanek O, Dustin ML, Baldari CT. The Bardet-Biedl syndrome complex component BBS1 controls T cell polarity during immune synapse assembly. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs258462. [PMID: 34423835 PMCID: PMC7613584 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Components of the intraflagellar transport (IFT) system that regulates the assembly of the primary cilium are co-opted by the non-ciliated T cell to orchestrate polarized endosome recycling and to sustain signaling during immune synapse formation. Here, we investigated the potential role of Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 protein (BBS1), an essential core component of the BBS complex that cooperates with the IFT system in ciliary protein trafficking, in the assembly of the T cell synapse. We demonstrated that BBS1 allows for centrosome polarization towards the immune synapse. This function is achieved through the clearance of centrosomal F-actin and its positive regulator WASH1 (also known as WASHC1), a process that we demonstrated to be dependent on the proteasome. We show that BBS1 regulates this process by coupling the 19S proteasome regulatory subunit to the microtubule motor dynein for its transport to the centrosome. Our data identify the ciliopathy-related protein BBS1 as a new player in T cell synapse assembly that functions upstream of the IFT system to set the stage for polarized vesicular trafficking and sustained signaling. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cassioli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Onnis
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Nagaja Capitani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Jlenia Brunetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ewoud B Compeer
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Veronika Niederlova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Stepanek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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45
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Connecting the dots: combined control of endocytic recycling and degradation. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:2377-2386. [PMID: 33300959 PMCID: PMC7752043 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis is an essential process where proteins and lipids are internalised from the plasma membrane in membrane-bound carriers, such as clathrin-coated vesicles. Once internalised into the cell these vesicles fuse with the endocytic network where their contents are sorted towards degradation in the lysosome or recycling to their origin. Initially, it was thought that cargo recycling is a passive process, but in recent years the identification and characterisation of specialised recycling complexes has established a hitherto unthought-of level of complexity that actively opposes degradation. This review will summarise recent developments regarding the composition and regulation of the recycling machineries and their relationship with the degradative pathways of the endosome.
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46
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Sanderson MR, Fahlman RP, Wevrick R. The N-terminal domain of the Schaaf-Yang syndrome protein MAGEL2 likely has a role in RNA metabolism. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100959. [PMID: 34265304 PMCID: PMC8350409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MAGEL2 encodes the L2 member of the melanoma-associated antigen gene (MAGE) protein family, truncating mutations of which can cause Schaaf-Yang syndrome, an autism spectrum disorder. MAGEL2 is also inactivated in Prader-Willi syndrome, which overlaps clinically and mechanistically with Schaaf-Yang syndrome. Studies to date have only investigated the C-terminal portion of the MAGEL2 protein, containing the MAGE homology domain that interacts with RING-E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases to form protein complexes that modify protein ubiquitination. In contrast, the N-terminal portion of the MAGEL2 protein has never been studied. Here, we find that MAGEL2 has a low-complexity intrinsically disordered N-terminus rich in Pro-Xn-Gly motifs that is predicted to mediate liquid-liquid phase separation to form biomolecular condensates. We used proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify MAGEL2-proximal proteins, then clustered these proteins into functional networks. We determined that coding mutations analogous to disruptive mutations in other MAGE proteins alter these networks in biologically relevant ways. Proteins identified as proximal to the N-terminal portion of MAGEL2 are primarily involved in mRNA metabolic processes and include three mRNA N 6-methyladenosine (m6A)-binding YTHDF proteins and two RNA interference-mediating TNRC6 proteins. We found that YTHDF2 coimmunoprecipitates with MAGEL2, and coexpression of MAGEL2 reduces the nuclear accumulation of YTHDF2 after heat shock. We suggest that the N-terminal region of MAGEL2 may have a role in RNA metabolism and in particular the regulation of mRNAs modified by m6A methylation. These results provide mechanistic insight into pathogenic MAGEL2 mutations associated with Schaaf-Yang syndrome and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthea R Sanderson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard P Fahlman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rachel Wevrick
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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47
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Capitani N, Baldari CT. F-Actin Dynamics in the Regulation of Endosomal Recycling and Immune Synapse Assembly. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:670882. [PMID: 34249926 PMCID: PMC8265274 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.670882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane proteins endocytosed at the cell surface as vesicular cargoes are sorted at early endosomes for delivery to lysosomes for degradation or alternatively recycled to different cellular destinations. Cargo recycling is orchestrated by multimolecular complexes that include the retromer, retriever, and the WASH complex, which promote the polymerization of new actin filaments at early endosomes. These endosomal actin pools play a key role at different steps of the recycling process, from cargo segregation to specific endosomal subdomains to the generation and mobility of tubulo-vesicular transport carriers. Local F-actin pools also participate in the complex redistribution of endomembranes and organelles that leads to the acquisition of cell polarity. Here, we will present an overview of the contribution of endosomal F-actin to T-cell polarization during assembly of the immune synapse, a specialized membrane domain that T cells form at the contact with cognate antigen-presenting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaja Capitani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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48
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Tu Y, Seaman MNJ. Navigating the Controversies of Retromer-Mediated Endosomal Protein Sorting. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:658741. [PMID: 34222232 PMCID: PMC8247582 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.658741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The retromer complex was first identified more than 20 years ago through studies conducted in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Data obtained using many different model systems have revealed that retromer is a key component of the endosomal protein sorting machinery being necessary for recognition of membrane “cargo” proteins and formation of tubular carriers that function as transport intermediates. Naturally, over the course of time and with literally hundreds of papers published on retromer, there have arisen disparities, conflicting observations and some controversies as to how retromer functions in endosomal protein sorting – the most note-worthy being associated with the two activities that define a vesicle coat: cargo selection and vesicle/tubule formation. In this review, we will attempt to chart a course through some of the more fundamental controversies to arrive at a clearer understanding of retromer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Tu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Matthew N J Seaman
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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49
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Nargeh H, Aliabadi F, Ajami M, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Role of Polyphenols on Gut Microbiota and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Neurodegenerative Diseases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6119-6144. [PMID: 34038102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Today, neurodegenerative diseases have become a remarkable public health challenge due to their direct relation with aging. Accordingly, understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms occurring in the pathogenesis of them is essential. Both protein aggregations as a result of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) inefficiency and gut microbiota alternation are the main pathogenic hallmarks. Polyphenols upregulating this system may decrease the developing rate of neurodegenerative diseases. Most of the dietary intake of polyphenols is converted into other microbial metabolites, which have completely different biological properties from the original polyphenols and should be thoroughly investigated. Herein, several prevalent neurodegenerative diseases are pinpointed to explain the role of gut microbiota alternations and the role of molecular changes, especially UPS down-regulation in their pathogenesis. Some of the most important polyphenols found in our diet are explained along with their microbial metabolites in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Nargeh
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aliabadi
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 7th Floor, Bldg No. 2 SBUMS, Arabi Avenue, Daneshjoo Boulevard, Velenjak, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
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50
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Tay BQ, Wright Q, Ladwa R, Perry C, Leggatt G, Simpson F, Wells JW, Panizza BJ, Frazer IH, Cruz JLG. Evolution of Cancer Vaccines-Challenges, Achievements, and Future Directions. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050535. [PMID: 34065557 PMCID: PMC8160852 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer vaccines has been intensively pursued over the past 50 years with modest success. However, recent advancements in the fields of genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, and immunology have renewed interest in these immunotherapies and allowed the development of promising cancer vaccine candidates. Numerous clinical trials testing the response evoked by tumour antigens, differing in origin and nature, have shed light on the desirable target characteristics capable of inducing strong tumour-specific non-toxic responses with increased potential to bring clinical benefit to patients. Novel delivery methods, ranging from a patient’s autologous dendritic cells to liposome nanoparticles, have exponentially increased the abundance and exposure of the antigenic payloads. Furthermore, growing knowledge of the mechanisms by which tumours evade the immune response has led to new approaches to reverse these roadblocks and to re-invigorate previously suppressed anti-tumour surveillance. The use of new drugs in combination with antigen-based therapies is highly targeted and may represent the future of cancer vaccines. In this review, we address the main antigens and delivery methods used to develop cancer vaccines, their clinical outcomes, and the new directions that the vaccine immunotherapy field is taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Qi Tay
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Quentin Wright
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Rahul Ladwa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (C.P.); (B.J.P.)
| | - Christopher Perry
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (C.P.); (B.J.P.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Graham Leggatt
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - James W. Wells
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Benedict J. Panizza
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (C.P.); (B.J.P.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Ian H. Frazer
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Jazmina L. G. Cruz
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-0478912737
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