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Li JZ, Ramalingam N, Li S. Targeting epigenetic mechanisms in amyloid-β-mediated Alzheimer's pathophysiology: unveiling therapeutic potential. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:54-66. [PMID: 38767476 PMCID: PMC11246147 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a prominent chronic neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in memory leading to dementia. Growing evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease is associated with accumulating various amyloid-β oligomers in the brain, influenced by complex genetic and environmental factors. The memory and cognitive deficits observed during the prodromal and mild cognitive impairment phases of Alzheimer's disease are believed to primarily result from synaptic dysfunction. Throughout life, environmental factors can lead to enduring changes in gene expression and the emergence of brain disorders. These changes, known as epigenetic modifications, also play a crucial role in regulating the formation of synapses and their adaptability in response to neuronal activity. In this context, we highlight recent advances in understanding the roles played by key components of the epigenetic machinery, specifically DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs, in the development of Alzheimer's disease, synaptic function, and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Moreover, we explore various strategies, including enriched environments, exposure to non-invasive brain stimulation, and the use of pharmacological agents, aimed at improving synaptic function and enhancing long-term potentiation, a process integral to epigenetic mechanisms. Lastly, we deliberate on the development of effective epigenetic agents and safe therapeutic approaches for managing Alzheimer's disease. We suggest that addressing Alzheimer's disease may require distinct tailored epigenetic drugs targeting different disease stages or pathways rather than relying on a single drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Z Li
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Fang H, Li M, Yang J, Ma S, Zhang L, Yang H, Tang Q, Cao J, Yang W. Repressing iron overload ameliorates central post-stroke pain via the Hdac2-Kv1.2 axis in a rat model of hemorrhagic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2708-2722. [PMID: 38595289 PMCID: PMC11168507 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202412000-00027/figure1/v/2024-04-08T165401Z/r/image-tiff Thalamic hemorrhage can lead to the development of central post-stroke pain. Changes in histone acetylation levels, which are regulated by histone deacetylases, affect the excitability of neurons surrounding the hemorrhagic area. However, the regulatory mechanism of histone deacetylases in central post-stroke pain remains unclear. Here, we show that iron overload leads to an increase in histone deacetylase 2 expression in damaged ventral posterolateral nucleus neurons. Inhibiting this increase restored histone H3 acetylation in the Kcna2 promoter region of the voltage-dependent potassium (Kv) channel subunit gene in a rat model of central post-stroke pain, thereby increasing Kcna2 expression and relieving central pain. However, in the absence of nerve injury, increasing histone deacetylase 2 expression decreased Kcna2 expression, decreased Kv current, increased the excitability of neurons in the ventral posterolateral nucleus area, and led to neuropathic pain symptoms. Moreover, treatment with the iron chelator deferiprone effectively reduced iron overload in the ventral posterolateral nucleus after intracerebral hemorrhage, reversed histone deacetylase 2 upregulation and Kv1.2 downregulation, and alleviated mechanical hypersensitivity in central post-stroke pain rats. These results suggest that histone deacetylase 2 upregulation and Kv1.2 downregulation, mediated by iron overload, are important factors in central post-stroke pain pathogenesis and could serve as new targets for central post-stroke pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jingchen Yang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shunping Ma
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongqi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qiongyan Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Weimin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Zou GJ, Chen ZR, Wang XQ, Cui YH, Li F, Li CQ, Wang LF, Huang FL. Microglial activation in the medial prefrontal cortex after remote fear recall participates in the regulation of auditory fear extinction. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176759. [PMID: 38901527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Excessive or inappropriate fear responses can lead to anxiety-related disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Studies have shown that microglial activation occurs after fear conditioning and that microglial inhibition impacts fear memory. However, the role of microglia in fear memory recall remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the activated profiles of microglia after the recall of remote-cued fear memory and the role of activated microglia in the extinction of remote-cued fear in adult male C57BL/6 mice. The results revealed that the expression of the microglia marker Iba1 increased in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) at 10 min and 1 h following remote-cued fear recall, which was accompanied by amoeboid morphology. Inhibiting microglial activation through PLX3397 treatment before remote fear recall did not affect recall, reconsolidation, or regular extinction but facilitated recall-extinction and mitigated spontaneous recovery. Moreover, our results demonstrated reduced co-expression of Iba1 and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) in the mPFC, along with decreases in the p-PI3K/PI3K ratio, p-Akt/Akt ratio, and KLF4 expression after PLX3397 treatment. Our results suggest that microglial activation after remote fear recall impedes fear extinction through the pruning of synapses in the mPFC, accompanied by alterations in the expression of the PI3K/AKT/KLF4 pathway. This finding can help elucidate the mechanism involved in remote fear extinction, contributing to the theoretical foundation for the intervention and treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jing Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; School of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China
| | - Zhao-Rong Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410219, China
| | - Xue-Qin Wang
- Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, 410219, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Lai-Fa Wang
- Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, 410219, China.
| | - Fu-Lian Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China.
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Kveim VA, Salm L, Ulmer T, Lahr M, Kandler S, Imhof F, Donato F. Divergent recruitment of developmentally defined neuronal ensembles supports memory dynamics. Science 2024; 385:eadk0997. [PMID: 39146420 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk0997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Memories are dynamic constructs whose properties change with time and experience. The biological mechanisms underpinning these dynamics remain elusive, particularly concerning how shifts in the composition of memory-encoding neuronal ensembles influence the evolution of a memory over time. By targeting developmentally distinct subpopulations of principal neurons, we discovered that memory encoding resulted in the concurrent establishment of multiple memory traces in the mouse hippocampus. Two of these traces were instantiated in subpopulations of early- and late-born neurons and followed distinct reactivation trajectories after encoding. The divergent recruitment of these subpopulations underpinned gradual reorganization of memory ensembles and modulated memory persistence and plasticity across multiple learning episodes. Thus, our findings reveal profound and intricate relationships between ensemble dynamics and the progression of memories over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilde A Kveim
- Biozentrum, Universität Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurenz Salm
- Biozentrum, Universität Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Talia Ulmer
- Biozentrum, Universität Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Lahr
- Biozentrum, Universität Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabia Imhof
- Biozentrum, Universität Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Donato
- Biozentrum, Universität Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Meng Y, Xiao L, Liu R, Du J, Liu N, Yu J, Li Y, Lu G. Antidepressant effect and mechanism of TMP269 on stress-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116320. [PMID: 38801927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
TMP269, a class IIA histone deacetylase inhibitor with selectivity, that has a protective effect on the central nervous system, yet its specific mechanism of action remains ambiguous. Although major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that histone deacetylase 5 plays a key role in the pathological process of depression and the fact that preclinical studies have shown HDAC5 to be a potential antidepressant target, the search for natural drugs or small molecule compounds that can target HDAC5 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of depression. In addition, we examined the role of the Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an important neurotrophic factor for neuronal survival and growth, as a potential downstream target of HDAC5. We found downward revision of HDAC5 levels in the hippocampus ameliorated depressive-like behavior in LH (Learned helplessness) mice. Furthermore, injection of HDAC5 overexpressing adenoviral vectors in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of wild-type mice produced a somewhat depressive-like phenotype. Pharmacological, immunofluorescence and biochemical experiments showed that TMP269 could produce antidepressant effects by inhibiting mouse hippocampal HDAC5 and thus modulating its downstream BDNF. Over all, TMP269 mitigated LH-induced depressive-like behaviors and abnormalities in synapse formation and neurogenesis within the hippocampus. These findings suggest potential beneficial effects of TMP269 on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Disease, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Lifei Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Ruyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Disease, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Yanqin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Disease, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Creation and Generic Drug Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China.
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Oga K, Fuchikami M, Kobayashi H, Miyagi T, Fujita S, Fujita S, Okada S, Morinobu S. Involvement of dysregulated hippocampal histone H3K9 methylation at the promoter of the BDNF gene in impaired memory extinction. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06640-7. [PMID: 38940908 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06640-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Since the precise mechanisms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remain unknown, effective treatment interventions have not yet been established. Impaired extinction of fear memory (EFM) is one of the core symptoms of PTSD and is associated with stress-induced epigenetic change in gene expression. OBJECTIVES In this study, we examined whether the involvement of histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) in EFM is mediated through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus, and whether BIX01294, a selective G9a and GLP histone methyltransferase inhibitor, could be treatment for impaired EFM in an animal model of PTSD. METHODS The single prolonged stress (SPS) paradigm was used to model PTSD. We measured BDNF mRNA levels by RT-PCR, and H3K9me2 levels in the BDNF gene promoters by chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR. After undergoing contextual fear conditioning and hippocampal injection of BIX01294, male rats were subjected to extinction training and extinction testing and their freezing times and BDNF mRNA levels were measured. RESULTS Compared to sham rats, SPS rats showed decreased BDNF mRNA levels 2 h after extinction training, no significant changes in levels of global H3K9me2 prior to extinction training, and increased levels of H3K9me2 in BDNF gene promoter IV, but not in BDNF gene promoter I. Administration of BIX01294 ameliorated the decrease in BDNF mRNA levels 2 h after extinction training and subsequently alleviated impaired EFM in extinction tests in SPS rats. CONCLUSION We conclude that reduced hippocampal levels of BDNF mRNA due to increase in H3K9me2 levels may play a role in PTSD-associated EFM impairment, and BIX01294 could be a PTSD treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Oga
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Division of Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-Ku, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Manabu Fuchikami
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Division of Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-Ku, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Hironori Kobayashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Division of Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-Ku, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Miyagi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Division of Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-Ku, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sho Fujita
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Division of Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-Ku, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Division of Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-Ku, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Division of Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-Ku, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigeru Morinobu
- Department of Psychology, School of Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Japan
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Smies CW, Bellfy L, Wright DS, Bennetts SG, Urban MW, Brunswick CA, Shu G, Kwapis JL. Pharmacological HDAC3 inhibition alters memory updating in young and old male mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1429880. [PMID: 38989157 PMCID: PMC11234845 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1429880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term memories are not stored in a stable state but must be flexible and dynamic to maintain relevance in response to new information. Existing memories are thought to be updated through the process of reconsolidation, in which memory retrieval initiates destabilization and updating to incorporate new information. Memory updating is impaired in old age, yet little is known about the mechanisms that go awry. One potential mechanism is the repressive histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), which is a powerful negative regulator of memory formation that contributes to age-related impairments in memory formation. Here, we tested whether HDAC3 also contributes to age-related impairments in memory updating using the Objects in Updated Locations (OUL) paradigm. We show that blocking HDAC3 immediately after updating with the pharmacological inhibitor RGFP966 ameliorated age-related impairments in memory updating in 18-m.o. male mice. Surprisingly, we found that post-update HDAC3 inhibition in young (3-m.o.) male mice had no effect on memory updating but instead impaired memory for the original information, suggesting that the original and updated information may compete for expression at test and HDAC3 helps regulate which information is expressed. To test this idea, we next assessed whether HDAC3 inhibition would improve memory updating in young male mice given a weak, subthreshold update. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that HDAC3 blockade strengthened the subthreshold update without impairing memory for the original information, enabling balanced expression of the original and updated information. Together, this research suggests that HDAC3 may contribute to age-related impairments in memory updating and may regulate the strength of a memory update in young mice, shifting the balance between the original and updated information at test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad W. Smies
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Lauren Bellfy
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Destiny S. Wright
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Sofia G. Bennetts
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Mark W. Urban
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Chad A. Brunswick
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Guanhua Shu
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Janine L. Kwapis
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for the Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders (CMIND), The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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Kitamura Y, Namekawa SH. Epigenetic priming in the male germline. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2024; 86:102190. [PMID: 38608568 PMCID: PMC11162906 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2024.102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic priming presets chromatin states that allow the rapid induction of gene expression programs in response to differentiation cues. In the germline, it provides the blueprint for sexually dimorphic unidirectional differentiation. In this review, we focus on epigenetic priming in the mammalian male germline and discuss how cellular memories are regulated and inherited to the next generation. During spermatogenesis, epigenetic priming predetermines cellular memories that ensure the lifelong maintenance of spermatogonial stem cells and their subsequent commitment to meiosis and to the production of haploid sperm. The paternal chromatin state is also essential for the recovery of totipotency after fertilization and contributes to paternal epigenetic inheritance. Thus, epigenetic priming establishes stable but reversible chromatin states during spermatogenesis and enables epigenetic inheritance and reprogramming in the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kitamura
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Satoshi H Namekawa
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Xu H, Zhang T, Li L, Qu Y, Li L, Yan Y, Wu L, Yan C. Paeoniflorin exerts anti-PTSD effects in adult rats by modulating hippocampus and amygdala histone acetylation modifications in response to early life stress. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 396:111035. [PMID: 38703807 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) can cause long-term changes by epigenetic factors, especially histone acetylation modification, playing a crucial role, affect normal cognition, mood, and behavior, and increase susceptibility to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adulthood. It has been found that paeoniflorin (PF) can cross the blood-brain barrier to exert anti-PTSD effects on adult PTSD rats. However, whether PF can alleviate the harmful effects caused by ELS in adulthood has not yet been reported. Therefore, to explore the relationship between ELS and PTSD susceptibility in adulthood and its mechanism, in this study, SPS was used as a stressor of ELS, and the mathematical tool Z-normalization was employed as an evaluation criterion of behavioral resilience susceptibility. To investigate the regulatory mechanism of PF on histone acetylation in the hippocampus and amygdala of ELS rats in adulthood, using changes in HATs/HDACs as the entry point, meanwhile, the epigenetic marks (H3K9 and H4K12) in the key brain regions of ELS (hippocampus and amygdala) were evaluated, and the effects of PF on behavioral representation and PTSD susceptibility were observed. This study found that ELS lead to a series of PTSD-like behaviors in adulthood and caused imbalance of HATs/HDACs ratio in the hippocampus and amygdala, which confirms that ELS is an important risk factor for the development of PTSD in adulthood. In addition, paeoniflorin may improve ELS-induced PTSD-like behaviors and reduce the susceptibility of ELS rats to develop PTSD in adulthood by modulating the HATs/HDACs ratio in the hippocampus and amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfang Xu
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China.
| | - Tiange Zhang
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ling Li
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China
| | - Yue Qu
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China
| | - Lanxin Li
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China
| | - Yuqi Yan
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China
| | - Lili Wu
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China.
| | - Can Yan
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China.
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10
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Shi P, Chen W, Li J, Weng Y, Zhang M, Zheng X. Novelty-retrieval-extinction paradigm to decrease high-intensity fear memory recurrence. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:26-35. [PMID: 38452938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The retrieval-extinction paradigm based on memory reconsolidation can prevent fear memory recurrence more effectively than the extinction paradigm. High-intensity fear memories tend to resist reconsolidation. Novelty-retrieval-extinction can promote the reconsolidation of fear memory lacking neuroplasticity in rodents; however, whether it could effectively promote high-intensity fear memory reconsolidation in humans remains unclear. METHODS Using 120 human participants, we implemented the use of the environment (novel vs. familiar) with the help of virtual reality technology. Novelty environment exploration was combined with retrieval-extinction in fear memory of two intensity levels (normal vs. high) to examine whether novelty facilitates the reconsolidation of high-intensity fear memory and prevents recurrence. Skin conductance responses were used to clarify novelty-retrieval-extinction effects at the behavioral level across three experiments. RESULTS Retrieval-extinction could prevent the reinstatement of normal-intensity fear memory; however, for high-intensity fear memory, only the novelty-retrieval-extinction could prevent recurrence; we further validated that novelty-retrieval-extinction may be effective only when the environment is novel. LIMITATIONS Although the high-intensity fear memory is higher than normal-intensity in this study, it may be insufficient relative to fear experienced in real-world contexts or by individuals with mental disorders. CONCLUSIONS To some extent, these findings indicate that the novelty-retrieval-extinction paradigm could prevent the recurrence of high-intensity fear memory, and we infer that novelty of environment may play an important role in novelty-retrieval-extinction paradigm. The results of this study have positive implications for the existing retrieval extinction paradigm and the clinical treatment of phobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Shi
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjiao Li
- College of Teacher Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Weng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifu Zheng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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11
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Yang J, Lin L, Zou GJ, Wang LF, Li F, Li CQ, Cui YH, Huang FL. CK2 negatively regulates the extinction of remote fear memory. Behav Brain Res 2024; 465:114960. [PMID: 38494129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral therapy, rooted in exposure therapy, is currently the primary approach employed in the treatment of anxiety-related conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In laboratory settings, fear extinction in animals is a commonly employed technique to investigate exposure therapy; however, the precise mechanisms underlying fear extinction remain elusive. Casein kinase 2 (CK2), which regulates neuroplasticity via phosphorylation of its substrates, has a significant influence in various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as in the process of learning and memory. In this study, we adopted a classical Pavlovian fear conditioning model to investigate the involvement of CK2 in remote fear memory extinction and its underlying mechanisms. The results indicated that the activity of CK2 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of mice was significantly upregulated after extinction training of remote cued fear memory. Notably, administration of the CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 prior to extinction training facilitated the extinction of remote fear memory. In addition, CX-4945 significantly upregulated the expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB in the mPFC. Our results suggest that CK2 negatively regulates remote fear memory extinction, at least in part, by inhibiting the ERK-CREB pathway. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of remote cued fear extinction, thereby offering a theoretical foundation and identifying potential targets for the intervention and treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; School of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, Hunan 413000, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Guang-Jing Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lai-Fa Wang
- Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Fu-Lian Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, Hunan 413000, China.
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12
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Smies CW, Bellfy L, Wright DS, Bennetts SS, Urban MW, Brunswick CA, Shu G, Kwapis JL. Pharmacological HDAC3 inhibition alters memory updating in young and old mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.08.593015. [PMID: 38766057 PMCID: PMC11100699 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.08.593015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Long-term memories are not stored in a stable state but must be flexible and dynamic to maintain relevance in response to new information. Existing memories are thought to be updated through the process of reconsolidation, in which memory retrieval initiates destabilization and updating to incorporate new information. Memory updating is impaired in old age, yet little is known about the mechanisms that go awry. One potential mechanism is the repressive histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), which is a powerful negative regulator of memory formation that contributes to age-related impairments in memory formation. Here, we tested whether HDAC3 also contributes to age-related impairments in memory updating using the Objects in Updated Locations (OUL) paradigm. We show that blocking HDAC3 immediately after updating with the pharmacological inhibitor RGFP966 ameliorated age-related impairments in memory updating in 18-m.o. mice. Surprisingly, we found that post-update HDAC3 inhibition in young (3-m.o.) mice had no effect on memory updating but instead impaired memory for the original information, suggesting that the original and updated information may compete for expression at test and HDAC3 helps regulate which information is expressed. To test this idea, we next assessed whether HDAC3 inhibition would improve memory updating in young mice given a weak, subthreshold update. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that HDAC3 blockade strengthened the subthreshold update without impairing memory for the original information, enabling balanced expression of the original and updated information. Together, this research suggests that HDAC3 may contribute to age-related impairments in memory updating and may regulate the strength of a memory update in young mice, shifting the balance between the original and updated information at test.
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13
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Marshall PR, Davies J, Zhao Q, Liau WS, Lee Y, Basic D, Periyakaruppiah A, Zajaczkowski EL, Leighton LJ, Madugalle SU, Musgrove M, Kielar M, Brueckner AM, Gong H, Ren H, Walsh A, Kaczmarczyk L, Jackson WS, Chen A, Spitale RC, Bredy TW. DNA G-Quadruplex Is a Transcriptional Control Device That Regulates Memory. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0093232024. [PMID: 38418220 PMCID: PMC11007313 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0093-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The conformational state of DNA fine-tunes the transcriptional rate and abundance of RNA. Here, we report that G-quadruplex DNA (G4-DNA) accumulates in neurons, in an experience-dependent manner, and that this is required for the transient silencing and activation of genes that are critically involved in learning and memory in male C57/BL6 mice. In addition, site-specific resolution of G4-DNA by dCas9-mediated deposition of the helicase DHX36 impairs fear extinction memory. Dynamic DNA structure states therefore represent a key molecular mechanism underlying memory consolidation.One-Sentence Summary: G4-DNA is a molecular switch that enables the temporal regulation of the gene expression underlying the formation of fear extinction memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Marshall
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Genome Sciences and Cancer Division & Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Joshua Davies
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Qiongyi Zhao
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Wei-Siang Liau
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yujin Lee
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Dean Basic
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ambika Periyakaruppiah
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Esmi L Zajaczkowski
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Laura J Leighton
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sachithrani U Madugalle
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mason Musgrove
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Marcin Kielar
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Arie Maeve Brueckner
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Hao Gong
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Haobin Ren
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Alexander Walsh
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Lech Kaczmarczyk
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Division of Neurobiology (NEURO), Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Walker S Jackson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Division of Neurobiology (NEURO), Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Alon Chen
- Neurobiology of Stress Laboratory, Department Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Robert C Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Timothy W Bredy
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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14
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Cheng J, Wang B, Hu H, Lin X, Liu Y, Lin J, Zhang J, Niu S, Yan J. Regulation of histone acetylation by garcinol blocks the reconsolidation of heroin-associated memory. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116414. [PMID: 38460374 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-associated long-term memories underlie substance use disorders, including heroin use disorder (HUD), which are difficult to eliminate through existing therapies. Addictive memories may become unstable when reexposed to drug-related cues and need to be stabilized again through protein resynthesis. Studies have shown the involvement of histone acetylation in the formation and reconsolidation of long-term drug-associated memory. However, it remains unknown whether and how histone acetyltransferases (HAT), the essential regulators of histone acetylation, contribute to the reconsolidation of heroin-associated memories. Herein, we investigated the function of HAT in the reconsolidation concerning heroin-conditioned memory by using a rat self-administration model. Systemic administration of the HAT inhibitor garcinol inhibited cue and heroin-priming induced reinstatement of heroin seeking, indicating the treatment potential of garcinol for relapse prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Cheng
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Hongkun Hu
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xinzhu Lin
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - Shuliang Niu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001, China.
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15
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Dirven BCJ, van Melis L, Daneva T, Dillen L, Homberg JR, Kozicz T, Henckens MJAG. Hippocampal Trauma Memory Processing Conveying Susceptibility to Traumatic Stress. Neuroscience 2024; 540:87-102. [PMID: 38220126 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
While the majority of the population is ever exposed to a traumatic event during their lifetime, only a fraction develops posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Disrupted trauma memory processing has been proposed as a core factor underlying PTSD symptomatology. We used transgenic Targeted-Recombination-in-Active-Populations (TRAP) mice to investigate potential alterations in trauma-related hippocampal memory engrams associated with the development of PTSD-like symptomatology. Mice were exposed to a stress-enhanced fear learning paradigm, in which prior exposure to a stressor affects the learning of a subsequent fearful event (contextual fear conditioning using foot shocks), during which neuronal activity was labeled. One week later, mice were behaviorally phenotyped to identify mice resilient and susceptible to developing PTSD-like symptomatology. Three weeks post-learning, mice were re-exposed to the conditioning context to induce remote fear memory recall, and associated hippocampal neuronal activity was assessed. While no differences in the size of the hippocampal neuronal ensemble activated during fear learning were observed between groups, susceptible mice displayed a smaller ensemble activated upon remote fear memory recall in the ventral CA1, higher regional hippocampal parvalbuminneuronal density and a relatively lower activity of parvalbumininterneurons upon recall. Investigation of potential epigenetic regulators of the engram revealed rather generic (rather than engram-specific) differences between groups, with susceptible mice displaying lower hippocampal histone deacetylase 2 expression, and higher methylation and hydroxymethylation levels. These finding implicate variation in epigenetic regulation within the hippocampus, as well as reduced regional hippocampal activity during remote fear memory recall in interindividual differences in susceptibility to traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart C J Dirven
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart van Melis
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Teya Daneva
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke Dillen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Clinical Genomics, and Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; University of Pecs Medical School, Department of Anatomy, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Marloes J A G Henckens
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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16
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Coda DM, Gräff J. From cellular to fear memory: An epigenetic toolbox to remember. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2024; 84:102829. [PMID: 38128422 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Throughout development, the neuronal epigenome is highly sensitive to external stimuli, yet capable of safeguarding cellular memory for a lifetime. In the adult brain, memories of fearful experiences are rapidly instantiated, yet can last for decades, but the mechanisms underlying such longevity remain unknown. Here, we showcase how fear memory formation and storage - traditionally thought to exclusively affect synapse-based events - elicit profound and enduring changes to the chromatin, proposing epigenetic regulation as a plausible molecular template for mnemonic processes. By comparing these to mechanisms occurring in development and differentiation, we notice that an epigenetic machinery similar to that preserving cellular memories might be employed by brain cells so as to form, store, and retrieve behavioral memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Martino Coda
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Johannes Gräff
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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17
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Gräff J. Engrams of Fear Memory Attenuation. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 38:149-161. [PMID: 39008015 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62983-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Fear attenuation is an etiologically relevant process for animal survival, since once acquired information needs to be continuously updated in the face of changing environmental contingencies. Thus, when situations are encountered that were originally perceived as fearful but are no longer so, fear must be attenuated, otherwise, it risks becoming maladaptive. But what happens to the original memory trace of fear during fear attenuation? In this chapter, we review the studies that have started to approach this question from an engram perspective. We find evidence pointing to both the original memory trace of fear being suppressed, as well as it being updated towards safety. These seemingly conflicting results reflect a well-established dichotomy in the field of fear memory attenuation, namely whether fear attenuation is mediated by an inhibitory mechanism that suppresses fear expression, called extinction, or by an updating mechanism that allows the fear memory to reconsolidate in a different form, called reconsolidation-updating. Which of these scenarios takes the upper hand is ultimately influenced by the behavioral paradigms used to induce fear attenuation, but is an important area for further study as the precise cell populations underlying fear attenuation and the molecular mechanisms therein can now be understood at unprecedented resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Gräff
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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18
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Ell MA, Schiele MA, Iovino N, Domschke K. Epigenetics of Fear, Anxiety and Stress - Focus on Histone Modifications. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:843-865. [PMID: 36946487 PMCID: PMC10845084 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230322154158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fear-, anxiety- and stress-related disorders are among the most frequent mental disorders. Given substantial rates of insufficient treatment response and often a chronic course, a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of fear-, anxiety- and stress-related disorders is urgently warranted. Epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications - positioned at the interface between the biological and the environmental level in the complex pathogenesis of mental disorders - might be highly informative in this context. The current state of knowledge on histone modifications, chromatin-related pharmacology and animal models modified for genes involved in the histone-related epigenetic machinery will be reviewed with respect to fear-, anxiety- and stress-related states. Relevant studies, published until 30th June 2022, were identified using a multi-step systematic literature search of the Pub- Med and Web of Science databases. Animal studies point towards histone modifications (e.g., H3K4me3, H3K9me1/2/3, H3K27me2/3, H3K9ac, H3K14ac and H4K5ac) to be dynamically and mostly brain region-, task- and time-dependently altered on a genome-wide level or gene-specifically (e.g., Bdnf) in models of fear conditioning, retrieval and extinction, acute and (sub-)chronic stress. Singular and underpowered studies on histone modifications in human fear-, anxiety- or stress-related phenotypes are currently restricted to the phenotype of PTSD. Provided consistent validation in human phenotypes, epigenetic biomarkers might ultimately inform indicated preventive interventions as well as personalized treatment approaches, and could inspire future innovative pharmacological treatment options targeting the epigenetic machinery improving treatment response in fear-, anxiety- and stressrelated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Ell
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam A. Schiele
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Iovino
- Department of Chromation Regulation, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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19
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Fuentes-Ramos M, Barco Á. Unveiling Transcriptional and Epigenetic Mechanisms Within Engram Cells: Insights into Memory Formation and Stability. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 38:111-129. [PMID: 39008013 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62983-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Memory traces for behavioral experiences, such as fear conditioning or taste aversion, are believed to be stored through biophysical and molecular changes in distributed neuronal ensembles across various brain regions. These ensembles are known as engrams, and the cells that constitute them are referred to as engram cells. Recent advancements in techniques for labeling and manipulating neural activity have facilitated the study of engram cells throughout different memory phases, including acquisition, allocation, long-term storage, retrieval, and erasure. In this chapter, we will explore the application of next-generation sequencing methods to engram research, shedding new light on the contribution of transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms to engram formation and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Fuentes-Ramos
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ángel Barco
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Alicante, Spain.
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20
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Fronza MG, Ferreira BF, Pavan-Silva I, Guimarães FS, Lisboa SF. "NO" Time in Fear Response: Possible Implication of Nitric-Oxide-Related Mechanisms in PTSD. Molecules 2023; 29:89. [PMID: 38202672 PMCID: PMC10779493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by persistent fear responses and altered neurotransmitter functioning due to traumatic experiences. Stress predominantly affects glutamate, a neurotransmitter crucial for synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Activation of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDAR) can trigger the formation of a complex comprising postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD95), the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and its adaptor protein (NOS1AP). This complex is pivotal in activating nNOS and nitric oxide (NO) production, which, in turn, activates downstream pathways that modulate neuronal signaling, including synaptic plasticity/transmission, inflammation, and cell death. The involvement of nNOS and NOS1AP in the susceptibility of PTSD and its comorbidities has been widely shown. Therefore, understanding the interplay between stress, fear, and NO is essential for comprehending the maintenance and progression of PTSD, since NO is involved in fear acquisition and extinction processes. Moreover, NO induces post-translational modifications (PTMs), including S-nitrosylation and nitration, which alter protein function and structure for intracellular signaling. Although evidence suggests that NO influences synaptic plasticity and memory processing, the specific role of PTMs in the pathophysiology of PTSD remains unclear. This review highlights pathways modulated by NO that could be relevant to stress and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G. Fronza
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Bruna F. Ferreira
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Isabela Pavan-Silva
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Francisco S. Guimarães
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Sabrina F. Lisboa
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
- Biomolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
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21
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Payet JM, Stevens L, Russo AM, Jaehne EJ, van den Buuse M, Kent S, Lowry CA, Baratta MV, Hale MW. The Role of Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Serotonergic Systems in Emotional Learning and Memory in Male BALB/c Mice. Neuroscience 2023; 534:1-15. [PMID: 37852412 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line pharmacological treatment for a variety of anxiety-, trauma- and stressor-related disorders. Although they are efficacious, therapeutic improvements require several weeks of treatment and are often associated with an initial exacerbation of symptoms. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) has been proposed as an important target for the modulation of emotional responses and the therapeutic effects of SSRIs. Using a fear-conditioning paradigm we aimed to understand how SSRIs affect emotional learning and memory, and their effects on serotonergic circuitry. Adult male BALB/c mice were treated with vehicle (n = 16) or the SSRI fluoxetine (18 mg/kg/d) acutely (n = 16), or chronically (21d, n = 16), prior to fear conditioning. Treatment was stopped, and half of the mice (n = 8/treatment group) were exposed to cued fear memory recall 72 h later. Activation of DR serotonergic neurons during fear conditioning (Experiment 1) or fear memory recall (Experiment 2), was measured using dual-label immunohistochemistry for Tph2 and c-Fos. Acute and chronic fluoxetine treatment reduced associative fear learning without affecting memory recall and had opposite effects on anxiety-like behaviour. Acute fluoxetine decreased serotonergic activity in the DR, while chronic treatment led to serotonergic activity that was indistinguishable from that of control levels in DRD and DRV subpopulations. Chronic fluoxetine facilitated fear extinction, which was associated with rostral DRD inhibition. These findings provide further evidence that SSRIs can alter aspects of learning and memory processes and are consistent with a role for discrete populations of DR serotonergic neurons in regulating fear- and anxiety-related behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennyfer M Payet
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Stevens
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian M Russo
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily J Jaehne
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maarten van den Buuse
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Kent
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael V Baratta
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Matthew W Hale
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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22
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Jin M, Wei Z, Ramalingam N, Xiao M, Xu A, Yu X, Song Q, Liu W, Zhao J, Zhang D, Selkoe DJ, Li S. Activation of β 2-adrenergic receptors prevents AD-type synaptotoxicity via epigenetic mechanisms. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4877-4888. [PMID: 37365243 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that prolonged exposure to an enriched environment (EE) enhances hippocampal synaptic plasticity, with one of the significant mechanistic pathways being activation of β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) signaling, thereby mitigating the synaptotoxic effects of soluble oligomers of amyloid β-protein (oAβ). However, the detailed mechanism remained elusive. In this work, we recorded field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) in the CA1 region of mouse hippocampal slices treated with or without toxic Aβ-species. We found that pharmacological activation of β2-AR, but not β1-AR, selectively mimicked the effects of EE in enhancing LTP and preventing oAβ-induced synaptic dysfunction. Mechanistic analyses showed that certain histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors mimicked the benefits of EE, but this was not seen in β2-AR knockout mice, suggesting that activating β2-AR prevents oAβ-mediated synaptic dysfunction via changes in histone acetylation. EE or activation of β-ARs each decreased HDAC2, whereas Aβ oligomers increased HDAC2 levels in the hippocampus. Further, oAβ-induced inflammatory effects and neurite degeneration were prevented by either β2-AR agonists or certain specific HDAC inhibitors. These preclinical results suggest that activation of β2-AR is a novel potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate oAβ-mediated features of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jin
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zhiyun Wei
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nagendran Ramalingam
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Meng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453100, China
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Anqi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453100, China
| | - Xiaohan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453100, China
| | - Qingyang Song
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453100, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453100, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453100, China
| | - Dainan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453100, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Dennis J Selkoe
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shaomin Li
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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23
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Refaeli R, Kreisel T, Groysman M, Adamsky A, Goshen I. Engram stability and maturation during systems consolidation. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3942-3950.e3. [PMID: 37586373 PMCID: PMC10524918 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Remote memories play an important role in how we perceive the world, and they are rooted throughout the brain in "engrams": ensembles of cells that are formed during acquisition. Upon their reactivation, a specific memory can be recalled.1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 Many studies have focused on the ensembles in CA1 of the hippocampus and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). However, the evolution of these components during systems' consolidation has not yet been comprehensively addressed.13,14,15,16 By applying transgenic approaches for ensemble identification, CLARITY, retro-AAV, and pseudo-rabies virus for circuit mapping, and chemogenetics for functional interrogation, we addressed the dynamics of recent and remote CA1 ensembles. We expected both stability (as they represent the same memory) and maturation (over time). Indeed, we found that CA1 engrams remain stable between recent and remote recalls, and the inhibition of engrams for recent recall during remote recall functionally impairs memory. We also found that new cells in the remote recall engram in the CA1 are not added randomly during maturation but differ according to their connections. First, we show in two ways that the anterograde CA1 → ACC engram cell projection grows larger. Finally, in the retrograde projections, the ACC reduces input to CA1 engram cells, whereas input from the entorhinal cortex and paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus increases. Our results shine fresh light on systems' consolidation by providing a deeper understanding of engram stability and maturation in the transition from recent to remote memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Refaeli
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Tirzah Kreisel
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Maya Groysman
- ELSC Vector Core Facility, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Adar Adamsky
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Inbal Goshen
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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24
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Lavertu-Jolin M, Chattopadhyaya B, Chehrazi P, Carrier D, Wünnemann F, Leclerc S, Dumouchel F, Robertson D, Affia H, Saba K, Gopal V, Patel AB, Andelfinger G, Pineyro G, Di Cristo G. Acan downregulation in parvalbumin GABAergic cells reduces spontaneous recovery of fear memories. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2946-2963. [PMID: 37131076 PMCID: PMC10615765 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
While persistence of fear memories is essential for survival, a failure to inhibit fear in response to harmless stimuli is a feature of anxiety disorders. Extinction training only temporarily suppresses fear memory recovery in adults, but it is highly effective in juvenile rodents. Maturation of GABAergic circuits, in particular of parvalbumin-positive (PV+) cells, restricts plasticity in the adult brain, thus reducing PV+ cell maturation could promote the suppression of fear memories following extinction training in adults. Epigenetic modifications such as histone acetylation control gene accessibility for transcription and help couple synaptic activity to changes in gene expression. Histone deacetylase 2 (Hdac2), in particular, restrains both structural and functional synaptic plasticity. However, whether and how Hdac2 controls the maturation of postnatal PV+ cells is not well understood. Here, we show that PV+- cell specific Hdac2 deletion limits spontaneous fear memory recovery in adult mice, while enhancing PV+ cell bouton remodeling and reducing perineuronal net aggregation around PV+ cells in prefrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala. Prefrontal cortex PV+ cells lacking Hdac2, show reduced expression of Acan, a critical perineuronal net component, which is rescued by Hdac2 re-expression. Pharmacological inhibition of Hdac2 before extinction training is sufficient to reduce both spontaneous fear memory recovery and Acan expression in wild-type adult mice, while these effects are occluded in PV+-cell specific Hdac2 conditional knockout mice. Finally, a brief knock-down of Acan expression mediated by intravenous siRNA delivery before extinction training but after fear memory acquisition is sufficient to reduce spontaneous fear recovery in wild-type mice. Altogether, these data suggest that controlled manipulation of PV+ cells by targeting Hdac2 activity, or the expression of its downstream effector Acan, promotes the long-term efficacy of extinction training in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Lavertu-Jolin
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Pegah Chehrazi
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Denise Carrier
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Florian Wünnemann
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine & Heidelberg University Hospital, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Séverine Leclerc
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Félix Dumouchel
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Derek Robertson
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hicham Affia
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kamal Saba
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Vijaya Gopal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Anant Bahadur Patel
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Graçiela Pineyro
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Graziella Di Cristo
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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25
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McClarty BM, Chakraborty S, Rodriguez G, Dong H. Histone deacetylase 1 regulates haloperidol-induced motor side effects in aged mice. Behav Brain Res 2023; 447:114420. [PMID: 37028517 PMCID: PMC10586515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic drugs prescribed to elderly patients with neuropsychiatric disorders often experience severe extrapyramidal side effects. Previous studies from our group suggest that changes in histone modifications during aging increase the risk for antipsychotic drug side effects, because co-administration of antipsychotics with class 1 histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors could mitigate the severity of motor side effects in aged mice. However, which HDAC subtype contributes to the age-related sensitivity to antipsychotic drug side effects is unknown. METHODS In this study, we overexpressed histone deacetylase type 1(HDAC1) in the striatum of 3-month-old mice and knocked down HDAC 1 in the striatum of 21-month-old mice by microinjection of AAV9-HDAC1-GFP or AAV9-CRISPR/Cas9-HDAC1-GFP vectors. Four weeks after the viral-vector delivery, the typical antipsychotic drug haloperidol was administered daily for 14 days, followed by motor function assessments through the open field, rotarod, and catalepsy behavioral tests. RESULTS Young mice with overexpressed HDAC1 showed increased cataleptic behavior induced by haloperidol administration, which is associated with the increased HDAC1 level in the striatum. In contrast, aged mice with HDAC1 knocked down rescued locomotor activity, motor coordination, and decreased cataleptic behavior induced by haloperidol administration, which is associated with decreased HDAC1 level in the striatum. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that HDAC1 is a critical regulator in haloperidol-induced severe motor side effects in aged mice. Repression of HDAC1 expression in the striatum of aged mice could mitigate typical antipsychotic drug-induced motor side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan M McClarty
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 7-103, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Saikat Chakraborty
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 7-103, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Guadalupe Rodriguez
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 7-103, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 7-103, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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26
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Silva BA, Gräff J. Face your fears: attenuating remote fear memories by reconsolidation-updating. Trends Cogn Sci 2023; 27:404-416. [PMID: 36813591 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic events generate some of the most enduring memories, yet little is known about how long-lasting fear memories can be attenuated. In this review, we collect the surprisingly sparse evidence on remote fear memory attenuation from both animal and human research. What is becoming apparent is twofold: although remote fear memories are more resistant to change compared with recent ones, they can nevertheless be attenuated when interventions are targeted toward the period of memory malleability instigated by memory recall, the reconsolidation window. We describe the physiological mechanisms underlying remote reconsolidation-updating approaches and highlight how they can be enhanced through interventions promoting synaptic plasticity. By capitalizing on an intrinsically relevant phase of memory, reconsolidation-updating harbors the potential to permanently alter remote fear memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca A Silva
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Johannes Gräff
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
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27
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Toader AC, Regalado JM, Li YR, Terceros A, Yadav N, Kumar S, Satow S, Hollunder F, Bonito-Oliva A, Rajasethupathy P. Anteromedial thalamus gates the selection and stabilization of long-term memories. Cell 2023; 186:1369-1381.e17. [PMID: 37001501 PMCID: PMC10169089 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Memories initially formed in hippocampus gradually stabilize to cortex over weeks-to-months for long-term storage. The mechanistic details of this brain re-organization remain poorly understood. We recorded bulk neural activity in circuits that link hippocampus and cortex as mice performed a memory-guided virtual-reality task over weeks. We identified a prominent and sustained neural correlate of memory in anterior thalamus, whose inhibition substantially disrupted memory consolidation. More strikingly, gain amplification enhanced consolidation of otherwise unconsolidated memories. To gain mechanistic insights, we developed a technology for simultaneous cellular-resolution imaging of hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex throughout consolidation. We found that whereas hippocampus equally encodes multiple memories, the anteromedial thalamus preferentially encodes salient memories, and gradually increases correlations with cortex to facilitate tuning and synchronization of cortical ensembles. We thus identify a thalamo-cortical circuit that gates memory consolidation and propose a mechanism suitable for the selection and stabilization of hippocampal memories into longer-term cortical storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Toader
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Josue M Regalado
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yan Ran Li
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrea Terceros
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nakul Yadav
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Suraj Kumar
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sloane Satow
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Florian Hollunder
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alessandra Bonito-Oliva
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Priya Rajasethupathy
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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28
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Xu Y, Yu Z, Chen S, Li Z, Long X, Chen M, Lee CS, Peng HY, Lin TB, Hsieh MC, Lai CY, Chou D. (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine targeting the basolateral amygdala regulates fear memory. Neuropharmacology 2023; 225:109402. [PMID: 36565854 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
(2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine (HNK), a ketamine metabolite, has been proposed as an ideal next-generation antidepressant due to its rapid-acting and long-lasting antidepression-relevant actions. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that (2R,6R)-HNK may have diverse impacts on memory formation. However, its effect on fear memory extinction is still unknown. In the present study, we assessed the effects of (2R,6R)-HNK on synaptic transmission and plasticity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and explored its actions on auditory fear memory extinction. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were used in this study. The extracellular electrophysiological recording was conducted to assay synaptic transmission and plasticity. The auditory fear conditioning paradigm was performed to test fear extinction. The results showed that (2R,6R)-HNK at 30 mg/kg increased the number of c-fos-positive cells in the BLA. Moreover, (2R,6R)-HNK enhanced the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the BLA in a dose-dependent manner (at 1, 10, and 30 mg/kg). In addition, (2R,6R)-HNK at 30 mg/kg and directly slice perfusion of (2R,6R)-HNK enhanced BLA synaptic transmission. Furthermore, intra-BLA application and systemic administration of (2R,6R)-HNK reduced the retrieval of recent fear memory and decreased the retrieval of remote fear memory. Both local and systemic (2R,6R)-HNK also inhibited the spontaneous recovery of remote fear memory. Taken together, these results indicated that (2R,6R)-HNK could regulate BLA synaptic transmission and plasticity and act through the BLA to modulate fear memory. The results revealed that (2R,6R)-HNK may be a potential drug to treat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenfei Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenlong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiting Long
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Mengxu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chau-Shoun Lee
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsien-Yu Peng
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tzer-Bin Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chun Hsieh
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Yuan Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Dylan Chou
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
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29
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Milton AL, Das RK, Merlo E. The challenge of memory destabilisation: From prediction error to prior expectations and biomarkers. Brain Res Bull 2023; 194:100-104. [PMID: 36708846 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The re-ignition of memory reconsolidation research sparked by Karim Nader in the early 2000s led to great excitement that 'reconsolidation-based' interventions might be developed for mental health disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder. Two decades on, it is clear that reconsolidation-based interventions have been more challenging to translate to the clinic than initially thought. We argue that this challenge could be addressed with a better understanding of how prior expectations interact with information presented in a putative memory reactivation / cue reminder session, and through the identification of non-invasive biomarkers for memory destabilisation that would allow reminder sessions to be 'tuned' to enhance memory lability in an ad hoc manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Milton
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ravi K Das
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emiliano Merlo
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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30
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Toader AC, Regalado JM, Li YR, Terceros A, Yadav N, Kumar S, Satow S, Hollunder F, Bonito-Oliva A, Rajasethupathy P. Anteromedial Thalamus Gates the Selection & Stabilization of Long-Term Memories. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.27.525908. [PMID: 36747720 PMCID: PMC9900928 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.27.525908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Memories initially formed in hippocampus gradually stabilize to cortex, over weeks-to-months, for long-term storage. The mechanistic details of this brain re-organization process remain poorly understood. In this study, we developed a virtual-reality based behavioral task and observed neural activity patterns associated with memory reorganization and stabilization over weeks-long timescales. Initial photometry recordings in circuits that link hippocampus and cortex revealed a unique and prominent neural correlate of memory in anterior thalamus that emerged in training and persisted for several weeks. Inhibition of the anteromedial thalamus-to-anterior cingulate cortex projections during training resulted in substantial memory consolidation deficits, and gain amplification more strikingly, was sufficient to enhance consolidation of otherwise unconsolidated memories. To provide mechanistic insights, we developed a new behavioral task where mice form two memories, of which only the more salient memory is consolidated, and also a technology for simultaneous and longitudinal cellular resolution imaging of hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex throughout the consolidation window. We found that whereas hippocampus equally encodes multiple memories, the anteromedial thalamus forms preferential tuning to salient memories, and establishes inter-regional correlations with cortex, that are critical for synchronizing and stabilizing cortical representations at remote time. Indeed, inhibition of this thalamo-cortical circuit while imaging in cortex reveals loss of contextual tuning and ensemble synchrony in anterior cingulate, together with behavioral deficits in remote memory retrieval. We thus identify a thalamo-cortical circuit that gates memory consolidation and propose a mechanism suitable for the selection and stabilization of hippocampal memories into longer term cortical storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Toader
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Josue M. Regalado
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Yan Ran Li
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Andrea Terceros
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Nakul Yadav
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Suraj Kumar
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Sloane Satow
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Florian Hollunder
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Alessandra Bonito-Oliva
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Priya Rajasethupathy
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
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31
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Surguchov A. α-Synuclein and Mechanisms of Epigenetic Regulation. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13010150. [PMID: 36672131 PMCID: PMC9857298 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases with common pathological lesions associated with the excessive accumulation and abnormal intracellular deposition of toxic species of α-synuclein. The shared clinical features are chronic progressive decline of motor, cognitive, and behavioral functions. These disorders include Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy body, and multiple system atrophy. Vigorous research in the mechanisms of pathology of these illnesses is currently under way to find disease-modifying treatment and molecular markers for early diagnosis. α-Synuclein is a prone-to-aggregate, small amyloidogenic protein with multiple roles in synaptic vesicle trafficking, neurotransmitter release, and intracellular signaling events. Its expression is controlled by several mechanisms, one of which is epigenetic regulation. When transmitted to the nucleus, α-synuclein binds to DNA and histones and participates in epigenetic regulatory functions controlling specific gene transcription. Here, we discuss the various aspects of α-synuclein involvement in epigenetic regulation in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Surguchov
- Department of Neurology, Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Raskin M, Monfils MH. Reconsolidation and Fear Extinction: An Update. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023; 64:307-333. [PMID: 37563489 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2023_438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Fear memories can be updated behaviorally by delivering extinction trials during the reconsolidation window, which results in a persistent attenuation of fear memories (Monfils et al., Science 324:951-955, 2009). This safe and non-invasive paradigm, termed retrieval-extinction (or post-retrieval extinction), has also been found to be successful at preventing the return of fear in healthy fear conditioned humans (Schiller et al., Nature 463:49-53, 2010), and in the time since its discovery, there has been an explosion of research on the use of retrieval-extinction in fear memories in humans and other animals, some of which have found a long-term reduction in conditioned responding, and some who have not. These discrepant findings have raised concerns as to whether retrieval-extinction really results in updating of the original fear memory, or if it simply enhances extinction. We will first review the progress made on elucidating the cellular mechanisms underlying the fear attenuating effects of retrieval-extinction and how they differ from traditional extinction. Special attention will be paid to the molecular events necessary for retrieval-extinction to successfully occur and how these reconsolidated memories are represented in the brain. Next, we will examine the parameters that determine whether or not a memory will be updated via extinction during the reconsolidation window (also known as boundary conditions). These boundary conditions will also be discussed as possible explanations for discrepant findings of the retrieval-extinction effect. Then we will examine the factors that can determine whether an individual's fears will successfully be attenuated by retrieval-extinction. These individual differences include genetics, age, and psychopathology. Finally, we will discuss recent attempts to bring the retrieval-extinction paradigm from the bench to the bedside for the behavioral treatment of anxiety and trauma disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Raskin
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Marie-H Monfils
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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Jiang C, Chen W, Tao L, Wang J, Cheng K, Zhang Y, Qi Z, Zheng X. Game-matching background music has an add-on effect for reducing emotionality of traumatic memories during reconsolidation intervention. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1090290. [PMID: 36873205 PMCID: PMC9974640 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1090290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hospital is a stressful place of employment, and a high proportion of healthcare workers, especially the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) nurses were found to be at risk of PTSD. Previous studies showed that taxing working memory through visuospatial tasks during the reconsolidation process of aversive memories can reduce the number of intrusions afterwards. However, the finds could not be replicated by some researches, indicating there may be some boundary conditions that are subtle and complex. METHODS We performed a randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR2200055921; URL: www.chictr.org.cn). In our study, a series of ICU nurses or probationers who performed a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were enrolled and instructed to play a visuospatial music tapping game ("Ceaseless Music Note", CMN; Beijing Muyuan Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) at the fourth day after CPR. The numbers of intrusions each day were recorded from the first to the seventh days (24 h×6 day), and the vividness and emotionality of CPR memories were rated at the 4th and 7th days. These parameters were compared between different groups (game with background sound; game with sound off; sound only; none). RESULTS The game-matching background music can have an add-on effect for single tapping game with no sound in reducing the emotionality of previous aversive memories. DISCUSSION We proposed that flow experience (the subjective experience of effortless attention, reduced self-awareness, and enjoyment, and may be induced by optimal skill-demands compatibility in challenging tasks) as a key boundary condition for successful reconsolidation intervention. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2200055921.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Jiang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Tao
- Computer Engineering Technical College, Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuihong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijuan Qi
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifu Zheng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Chao Y, Qin Y, Zou X, Wang X, Hu C, Xia F, Zou C. Promising therapeutic aspects in human genetic imprinting disorders. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:146. [PMID: 36371218 PMCID: PMC9655922 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon of monoallelic gene expression pattern depending on parental origin. In humans, congenital imprinting disruptions resulting from genetic or epigenetic mechanisms can cause a group of diseases known as genetic imprinting disorders (IDs). Genetic IDs involve several distinct syndromes sharing homologies in terms of genetic etiologies and phenotypic features. However, the molecular pathogenesis of genetic IDs is complex and remains largely uncharacterized, resulting in a lack of effective therapeutic approaches for patients. In this review, we begin with an overview of the genomic and epigenomic molecular basis of human genetic IDs. Notably, we address ethical aspects as a priority of employing emerging techniques for therapeutic applications in human IDs. With a particular focus, we delineate the current field of emerging therapeutics for genetic IDs. We briefly summarize novel symptomatic drugs and highlight the key milestones of new techniques and therapeutic programs as they stand today which can offer highly promising disease-modifying interventions for genetic IDs accompanied by various challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Chao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - Yifang Qin
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - Xinyi Zou
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XZhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015 Zhejiang China
| | - Xiangzhi Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - Fangling Xia
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - Chaochun Zou
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
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Zuzina AB, Balaban PM. Contribution of histone acetylation to the serotonin-mediated long-term synaptic plasticity in terrestrial snails. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2022; 208:521-535. [PMID: 35943582 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-022-01562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin plays a decisive role in long-term synaptic plasticity and long-term memory in mollusks. Previously, we demonstrated that histone acetylation is a regulatory mechanism of long-term memory in terrestrial snail. At the behavioral level, many studies were done in Helix to elucidate the role of histone acetylation and serotonin. However, the impact of histone acetylation on long-term potentiation of synaptic efficiency in electrophysiological studies in Helix has been studied only in one paper. Here we investigated effects of serotonin, histone deacetylases inhibitors sodium butyrate and trichostatin A, and a serotonergic receptor inhibitor methiothepin on long-term potentiation of synaptic responses in vitro. We demonstrated that methiothepin drastically declined the EPSPs amplitudes when long-term potentiation was induced, while co-application either of histone deacetylase inhibitors sodium butyrate or trichostatin A with methiothepin prevented the weakening of potentiation. We showed that single serotonin application in combination with histone deacetylase blockade could mimic the effect of repeated serotonin applications and be enough for sustained long-lasting synaptic changes. The data obtained demonstrated that histone deacetylases blockade ameliorated deficits in synaptic plasticity induced by different paradigms (methiothepin treatment, the weak training protocol with single application of serotonin), suggesting that histone acetylation contributes to the serotonin-mediated synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena B Zuzina
- Cellular Neurobiology of Learning Lab, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel M Balaban
- Cellular Neurobiology of Learning Lab, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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36
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Pedraza LK, Sierra RO, de Oliveira Alvares L. Systems consolidation and fear memory generalisation as a potential target for trauma-related disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:653-665. [PMID: 35001808 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2027010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fear memory generalisation is a central hallmark in the broad range of anxiety and trauma-related disorders. Recent findings suggest that fear generalisation is closely related to hippocampal dependency during retrieval. In this review, we describe the current understanding about memory generalisation and its potential influence in fear attenuation through pharmacological and behavioural interventions. In light of systems consolidation framework, we propose that keeping memory precision could be a key step to enhance therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth K Pedraza
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Memória, Biophysics Department, Biosciences Institute, 91.501-970, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rodrigo O Sierra
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Memória, Biophysics Department, Biosciences Institute, 91.501-970, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lucas de Oliveira Alvares
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Memória, Biophysics Department, Biosciences Institute, 91.501-970, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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37
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Recognition Memory Induces Natural LTP-like Hippocampal Synaptic Excitation and Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810806. [PMID: 36142727 PMCID: PMC9501019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is a cellular process involved in learning and memory by which specific patterns of neural activity adapt the synaptic strength and efficacy of the synaptic transmission. Its induction is governed by fine tuning between excitatory/inhibitory synaptic transmission. In experimental conditions, synaptic plasticity can be artificially evoked at hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons by repeated stimulation of Schaffer collaterals. However, long-lasting synaptic modifications studies during memory formation in physiological conditions in freely moving animals are very scarce. Here, to study synaptic plasticity phenomena during recognition memory in the dorsal hippocampus, field postsynaptic potentials (fPSPs) evoked at the CA3–CA1 synapse were recorded in freely moving mice during object-recognition task performance. Paired pulse stimuli were applied to Schaffer collaterals at the moment that the animal explored a new or a familiar object along different phases of the test. Stimulation evoked a complex synaptic response composed of an ionotropic excitatory glutamatergic fEPSP, followed by two inhibitory responses, an ionotropic, GABAA-mediated fIPSP and a metabotropic, G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GirK) channel-mediated fIPSP. Our data showed the induction of LTP-like enhancements for both the glutamatergic and GirK-dependent components of the dorsal hippocampal CA3–CA1 synapse during the exploration of novel but not familiar objects. These results support the contention that synaptic plasticity processes that underlie hippocampal-dependent memory are sustained by fine tuning mechanisms that control excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission balance.
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Gong Z, Wang Z, Jiang L, Wang X, Zhang B, Vashisth MK, Zhou Q. Neuronal activity in the dorsal dentate gyrus during extinction regulates fear memory extinction and renewal. Exp Neurol 2022; 358:114224. [PMID: 36089058 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Memory extinction and renewal are major factors that limits the efficacy of exposure therapy. The dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG) plays a crucial role in spatial memory, and epigenetic modifications in the dDG play an important role in fear memory renewal. However, whether dDG activity regulates fear memory extinction and renewal remains unclear. In this study, we showed that an extinction procedure that prevents fear memory renewal (extinction within the reconsolidation window) leads to increased c-fos expression in the dDG. Chemicogenetic activation of dDG excitatory neurons during extinction training elevated fear memory extinction and prevented renewal, whereas inhibition of dDG excitatory neurons inhibited fear memory extinction. We also demonstrated that inhibiting fear engram cells (neurons active during fear acquisition) during extinction training inhibits fear memory extinction. Therefore, dDG activity during fear extinction plays an important role in fear memory extinction and renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiting Gong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Zongliang Wang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Le Jiang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Bensi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Manoj Kumar Vashisth
- Department of Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.
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Alexander DC, Corman T, Mendoza M, Glass A, Belity T, Wu R, Campbell RR, Han J, Keiser AA, Winkler J, Wood MA, Kim T, Garcia BA, Cohen H, Mews P, Egervari G, Berger SL. Targeting acetyl-CoA metabolism attenuates the formation of fear memories through reduced activity-dependent histone acetylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2114758119. [PMID: 35921439 PMCID: PMC9371679 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114758119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation is a key component in the consolidation of long-term fear memories. Histone acetylation is fueled by acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), and recently, nuclear-localized metabolic enzymes that produce this metabolite have emerged as direct and local regulators of chromatin. In particular, acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) mediates histone acetylation in the mouse hippocampus. However, whether ACSS2 regulates long-term fear memory remains to be determined. Here, we show that Acss2 knockout is well tolerated in mice, yet the Acss2-null mouse exhibits reduced acquisition of long-term fear memory. Loss of Acss2 leads to reductions in both histone acetylation and expression of critical learning and memory-related genes in the dorsal hippocampus, specifically following fear conditioning. Furthermore, systemic administration of blood-brain barrier-permeable Acss2 inhibitors during the consolidation window reduces fear-memory formation in mice and rats and reduces anxiety in a predator-scent stress paradigm. Our findings suggest that nuclear acetyl-CoA metabolism via ACSS2 plays a critical, previously unappreciated, role in the formation of fear memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desi C. Alexander
- aEpigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- bDepartment of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Tanya Corman
- aEpigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Mariel Mendoza
- aEpigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- cDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Andrew Glass
- dDepartment of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Tal Belity
- eDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Ranran Wu
- aEpigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- cDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Rianne R. Campbell
- fDepartment of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Joseph Han
- fDepartment of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Ashley A. Keiser
- fDepartment of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Jeffrey Winkler
- dDepartment of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Marcelo A. Wood
- fDepartment of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | | | - Benjamin A. Garcia
- aEpigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- cDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Hagit Cohen
- eDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
- hBeer-Sheva Mental Health Center, Ministry of Health, Anxiety and Stress Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Philipp Mews
- iFishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- 2To whom correspondence may be addressed. , , or
| | - Gabor Egervari
- aEpigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- jDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- 2To whom correspondence may be addressed. , , or
| | - Shelley L. Berger
- aEpigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- bDepartment of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- jDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- kDepartment of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- 2To whom correspondence may be addressed. , , or
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Shang A, Bieszczad KM. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate cue memory underlying discriminative behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104811. [PMID: 35961385 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The burgeoning field of neuroepigenetics has introduced chromatin modification as an important interface between experience and brain function. For example, epigenetic mechanisms like histone acetylation and DNA methylation operate throughout a lifetime to powerfully regulate gene expression in the brain that is required for experiences to be transformed into long-term memories. This review highlights emerging evidence from sensory models of memory that converge on the premise that epigenetic regulation of activity-dependent transcription in the sensory brain facilitates highly precise memory recall. Chromatin modifications may be key for neurophysiological responses to transient sensory cue features experienced in the "here and now" to be recapitulated over the long term. We conclude that the function of epigenetic control of sensory system neuroplasticity is to regulate the amount and type of sensory information retained in long-term memories by regulating neural representations of behaviorally relevant cues that guide behavior. This is of broad importance in the neuroscience field because there are few circumstances in which behavioral acts are devoid of an initiating sensory experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Shang
- Dept. of Psychology - Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kasia M Bieszczad
- Dept. of Psychology - Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Center for Cognitive Science (RuCCS), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA.
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41
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Chen Z, Wu M, Lai Q, Zhou W, Wen X, Yin X. Epigenetic regulation of synaptic disorder in Alzheimer’s disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:888014. [PMID: 35992921 PMCID: PMC9382295 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.888014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Synapses are critical structures involved in neurotransmission and neuroplasticity. Their activity depends on their complete structure and function, which are the basis of learning, memory, and cognitive function. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is neuropathologically characterized by synaptic loss, synaptic disorder, and plasticity impairment. AD pathogenesis is characterized by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Changes in various receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, synaptic components, and dendritic spines lead to synaptic disorder. Changes in epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation, RNA interference, and histone modification, are closely related to AD. These can affect neuronal and synaptic functions by regulating the structure and expression of neuronal genes. Some drugs have ameliorated synaptic and neural dysfunction in AD models via epigenetic regulation. We reviewed the recent progress on pathological changes and epigenetic mechanisms of synaptic dysregulation in AD to provide a new perspective on this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, China
| | - Moxin Wu
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Qin Lai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Weixin Zhou
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoping Yin,
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Ariga K, Tashiro M. Change in the graphics of journal articles in the life sciences field: analysis of figures and tables in the journal "Cell". HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 44:33. [PMID: 35918565 PMCID: PMC9345845 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-022-00516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine how trends in the use of images in modern life science journals have changed since the spread of computer-based visual and imaging technology. To this end, a new classification system was constructed to analyze how the graphics of a scientific journal have changed over the years. The focus was on one international peer-reviewed journal in life sciences, Cell, which was founded in 1974, whereby 1725 figures and 160 tables from the research articles in Cell were sampled. The unit of classification was defined as a graphic and the figures and tables were divided into 5952 graphics. These graphics were further classified into hierarchical categories, and the data in each category were aggregated every five years. The following categories were observed: (1) data graphics, (2) explanation graphics, and (3) hybrid graphics. Data graphics increased by more than sixfold between 1974 and 2014, and some types of data graphics including mechanical reproduction images and bar charts displayed notable changes. The representation of explanatory graphics changed from hand-painted illustrations to diagrams of Bezier-curves. It is suggested that in addition to the development of experimental technologies such as fluorescent microscopy and big data analysis, continuously evolving application software for image creation and researchers' motivation to convince reviewers and editors have influenced these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Ariga
- Division of Cyclotron Nuclear Medicine, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
- LAIMAN, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
- College of Arts and Sciences, J. F. Oberlin University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Manabu Tashiro
- Division of Cyclotron Nuclear Medicine, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Choi KY. Valproate Adjuvant Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Panic Disorder Patients With Comorbid Bipolar Disorder: Case Series and Review of the Literature. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:614-625. [PMID: 36059050 PMCID: PMC9441465 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most common comorbid psychiatric disorders in patients with bipolar disorder. Managing anxiety symptoms in comorbid conditions is challenging and has received little research interest. The findings from preclinical research on fear conditioning, an animal model of anxiety disorder, have suggested that memory reconsolidation updating (exposure-based therapy) combined with valproate might facilitate the amelioration of fear memories. Here, three cases of successful amelioration of agoraphobia and panic symptoms through valproate adjuvant therapy for cognitive behavioral therapy in patients who failed to respond to two to three consecutive standard pharmacotherapy trials over several years are described. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first attempt to combine CBT with valproate in patients with panic disorder, agoraphobia, and comorbid bipolar disorder. Additionally, the background preclinical research on this combination therapy based on the reconsolidation-updating mechanism, the inhibition of histone deacetylase 2, and critical period reopening, off-label use of valproate in panic disorder, plasticity-augmented psychotherapy, and how to combine valproate with CBT is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Yeon Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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The HDAC inhibitor CI-994 acts as a molecular memory aid by facilitating synaptic and intracellular communication after learning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2116797119. [PMID: 35613054 PMCID: PMC9295763 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116797119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory formation relies on a plethora of functions, including epigenetic modifications. Over recent years, multiple studies have indicated the potential of HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) as cognitive enhancers, but their mode of action is not fully understood. Here, we tested whether HDACi treatment improves memory formation via “cognitive epigenetic priming,” stipulating that HDACis—without inherent target specificity—specifically enhance naturally occurring plasticity processes. We found that combining HDACis with fear learning, but not either treatment alone, enhances synaptic plasticity as well as memory-promoting transcriptional signaling in the hippocampus, a brain area recruited by fear learning, but not in unrelated areas. These results lend experimental support to the theory of cognitive epigenetic priming. Long-term memory formation relies on synaptic plasticity, neuronal activity-dependent gene transcription, and epigenetic modifications. Multiple studies have shown that HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) treatments can enhance individual aspects of these processes and thereby act as putative cognitive enhancers. However, their mode of action is not fully understood. In particular, it is unclear how systemic application of HDACis, which are devoid of substrate specificity, can target pathways that promote memory formation. In this study, we explore the electrophysiological, transcriptional, and epigenetic responses that are induced by CI-994, a class I HDACi, combined with contextual fear conditioning (CFC) in mice. We show that CI-994–mediated improvement of memory formation is accompanied by enhanced long-term potentiation in the hippocampus, a brain region recruited by CFC, but not in the striatum, a brain region not primarily implicated in fear learning. Furthermore, using a combination of bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing, we find that, when paired with CFC, HDACi treatment engages synaptic plasticity-promoting gene expression more strongly in the hippocampus, specifically in the dentate gyrus (DG). Finally, using chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) of DG neurons, we show that the combined action of HDACi application and conditioning is required to elicit enhancer histone acetylation in pathways that underlie improved memory performance. Together, these results indicate that systemic HDACi administration amplifies brain region-specific processes that are naturally induced by learning.
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Jardine KH, Huff AE, Wideman CE, McGraw SD, Winters BD. The evidence for and against reactivation-induced memory updating in humans and nonhuman animals. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 136:104598. [PMID: 35247380 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Systematic investigation of reactivation-induced memory updating began in the 1960s, and a wave of research in this area followed the seminal articulation of "reconsolidation" theory in the early 2000s. Myriad studies indicate that memory reactivation can cause previously consolidated memories to become labile and sensitive to weakening, strengthening, or other forms of modification. However, from its nascent period to the present, the field has been beset by inconsistencies in researchers' abilities to replicate seemingly established effects. Here we review these many studies, synthesizing the human and nonhuman animal literature, and suggest that these failures-to-replicate reflect a highly complex and delicately balanced memory modification system, the substrates of which must be finely tuned to enable adaptive memory updating while limiting maladaptive, inaccurate modifications. A systematic approach to the entire body of evidence, integrating positive and null findings, will yield a comprehensive understanding of the complex and dynamic nature of long-term memory storage and the potential for harnessing modification processes to treat mental disorders driven by pervasive maladaptive memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen H Jardine
- Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - A Ethan Huff
- Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Cassidy E Wideman
- Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Shelby D McGraw
- Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Boyer D Winters
- Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been implicated in learning and memory, and their dysregulation has been linked to cognitive impairment in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on HDAC1 and HDAC2, highlighting recent progress on their roles in regulating brain function through distinct mechanisms, including gene repression and DNA repair pathways. Moreover, we discuss evidence demonstrating how HDAC1 and HDAC2 could be modulated and their potential as targets to combat memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chieh Pao
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Wei W, Zhao Q, Wang Z, Liau WS, Basic D, Ren H, Marshall PR, Zajaczkowski EL, Leighton LJ, Madugalle SU, Musgrove M, Periyakaruppiah A, Shi J, Zhang J, Mattick JS, Mercer TR, Spitale RC, Li X, Bredy TW. ADRAM is an experience-dependent long noncoding RNA that drives fear extinction through a direct interaction with the chaperone protein 14-3-3. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110546. [PMID: 35320727 PMCID: PMC9015815 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we used RNA capture-seq to identify a large population of lncRNAs that are expressed in the infralimbic prefrontal cortex of adult male mice in response to fear-related learning. Combining these data with cell-type-specific ATAC-seq on neurons that had been selectively activated by fear extinction learning, we find inducible 434 lncRNAs that are derived from enhancer regions in the vicinity of protein-coding genes. In particular, we discover an experience-induced lncRNA we call ADRAM (activity-dependent lncRNA associated with memory) that acts as both a scaffold and a combinatorial guide to recruit the brain-enriched chaperone protein 14-3-3 to the promoter of the memory-associated immediate-early gene Nr4a2 and is required fear extinction memory. This study expands the lexicon of experience-dependent lncRNA activity in the brain and highlights enhancer-derived RNAs (eRNAs) as key players in the epigenomic regulation of gene expression associated with the formation of fear extinction memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Brain Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiongyi Zhao
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wei-Siang Liau
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dean Basic
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Haobin Ren
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul R Marshall
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Esmi L Zajaczkowski
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Laura J Leighton
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sachithrani U Madugalle
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mason Musgrove
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ambika Periyakaruppiah
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jichun Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Brain Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianjian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - John S Mattick
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Timothy R Mercer
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert C Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Brain Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Timothy W Bredy
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Liu P, Liang J, Jiang F, Cai W, Shen F, Liang J, Zhang J, Sun Z, Sui N. Gnas Promoter Hypermethylation in the Basolateral Amygdala Regulates Reconsolidation of Morphine Reward Memory in Rats. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030553. [PMID: 35328106 PMCID: PMC8950747 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairing reconsolidation may disrupt drug memories to prevent relapse, meanwhile long-term transcription regulations in the brain regions contribute to the occurrence of emotional memories. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is involved in the drug-cue association, while the nucleus accumbens (NAc) responds to the drug reward. Here, we assessed whether DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) in these two brain regions function identically in the reconsolidation of morphine reward memory. We show that Dnmts inhibition in the BLA but not in the NAc after memory retrieval impaired reconsolidation of a morphine reward memory. Moreover, the mRNA levels of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b, rather than Dnmt1, in the BLA were continuously upregulated after retrieval. We further identified the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in genes in the BLA after retrieval, and focused on the DMRs located in gene promoter regions. Among them were three genes (Gnas, Sox10, and Pik3r1) involved in memory modulation. Furthermore, Gnas promoter hypermethylation was confirmed to be inversely correlated with the downregulation of Gnas mRNA levels. The findings indicate that the specific transcription regulation mechanism in the BLA and NAc on reconsolidation of opiate-associated memories can be dissociable, and DNA hypermethylation of Gnas in the BLA is necessary for the reconsolidation of morphine reward memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (F.J.); (F.S.); (J.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jialong Liang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Fengze Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (F.J.); (F.S.); (J.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wanshi Cai
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Fang Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (F.J.); (F.S.); (J.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (F.J.); (F.S.); (J.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (F.J.); (F.S.); (J.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhongsheng Sun
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.L.); (W.C.)
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (Z.S.)
| | - Nan Sui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; (P.L.); (F.J.); (F.S.); (J.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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49
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Bie B, Wu J, Lin F, Naguib M, Xu J. Suppression of hippocampal GABAergic transmission impairs memory in rodent models of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 917:174771. [PMID: 35041847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence demonstrates the potential involvement of hippocampal GABAergic transmission in the process of memory acquisition and consolidation, while no consistent report is available to address the adaptation of hippocampal GABAergic transmission and its contribution to memory deficiency in the setting of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key molecule that regulates GABAergic transmission. In the brain, mature BDNF is generated from the proteolytic cleavage of proBDNF, while BDNF and proBDNF have differential effects on central GABAergic transmission. First, the present study reports a remarkable increase of proBDNF/BNDF ratio in the hippocampal CA1 area in rodent models of AD, indicating a potential impaired process of BDNF maturation from proBDNF cleavage. We report a suppressed hippocampal GABAergic strength, potentially resulting from the reduced expression of anion chloride co-transporter KCC2 and subsequent positive shift of GABAergic Cl-equilibrium potential (ECl-), which is attenuated by microinjection of BDNF with proBDNF inhibitor TAT-Pep5. We also show that normalization of proBDNF/BDNF signaling or GABAergic ECl-by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of bumetanide remarkably improves the cognitive performance in Morris water maze test and fear conditioning test in rodent models of AD. These results demonstrate a critical role of hippocampal proBDNF/BDNF in regulating GABAergic transmission and contributing to memory dysfunction in rodent models of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihua Bie
- Department of Pain Management, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Pain Management, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Mohamed Naguib
- Department of General Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jijun Xu
- Department of Pain Management, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA; Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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50
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Huang S, Zhou Y, Wu F, Shi C, Yan H, Chen L, Yang C, Luo Y. Berberine Facilitates Extinction and Prevents the Return of Fear. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:748995. [PMID: 35185532 PMCID: PMC8851465 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.748995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to a catastrophic event or intense stimulation can trigger fear memories, and the threatening memories persist even over a lifetime. Exposure therapy is based on extinction learning and is widely used to treat fear-related disorders, but its effect on remote fear memory is modest. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid derived from Coptis chinensis or Berberis spp., has been recently reported to exert a diversity of pharmacological effects on the central nervous system, such as facilitating extinction of drug memory. Here, we explored the effect of berberine on extinction of fear memory using a classical contextual fear conditioning (CFC) paradigm, which is Pavlovian conditioning, can rapidly create fear memories related to contexts. Twenty-four hours or 30 days after CFC training, mice were subjected to context extinction (10 days) to extinguish their behaviors and treated with 12.5 or 25 mg/kg berberine intragastrically 1 or 6 h after each extinction session, followed by reinstatement and spontaneous recovery tests. The results showed that intragastric administration of 25 mg/kg berberine 1 h after extinction significantly promoted the extinction of recent and remote fear memories and prevented reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished fear in mice. These findings indicate that berberine combined with extinction training could serve as a promising novel avenue for the treatment of fear-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, China
| | - Feilong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Cuijie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangpei Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- China Hunan Province People’s Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsh, China
| | - Yixiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- China Hunan Province People’s Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsh, China
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