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Wang Y, Jin P, Kumar A, Jan L, Cheng Y, Jan YN, Zhang Y. Nonlinear compliance of NompC gating spring and its implication in mechanotransduction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.599842. [PMID: 38979198 PMCID: PMC11230213 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.599842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Cytoskeleton-tethered mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) utilize compliant proteins or protein domains called gating springs to convert mechanical stimuli into electric signals, enabling sound and touch sensation and proprioception. The mechanical properties of these gating springs, however, remain elusive. Here, we explored the mechanical properties of the homotetrameric NompC complex containing long ankyrin-repeat domains (ARDs). We developed a toehold-mediated strand displacement approach to tether single membrane proteins, allowing us to exert force on them and precisely measure their absolute extension using optical tweezers. Our findings revealed that each ARD has a low stiffness of ∼0.7 pN/nm and begins to unfold stepwise at ∼7 pN, leading to nonlinear compliance. Our calculations indicate that this nonlinear compliance may help regulate NompC's sensitivity, dynamic range, and kinetics to detect mechanical stimuli. Overall, our research highlights the importance of a compliant and unfolding-refolding gating spring in facilitating a graded response of MSC ion transduction across a wide spectrum of mechanical stimuli.
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2
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Karkempetzaki AI, Ravid K. Piezo1 and Its Function in Different Blood Cell Lineages. Cells 2024; 13:482. [PMID: 38534326 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensation is a fundamental function through which cells sense mechanical stimuli by initiating intracellular ion currents. Ion channels play a pivotal role in this process by orchestrating a cascade of events leading to the activation of downstream signaling pathways in response to particular stimuli. Piezo1 is a cation channel that reacts with Ca2+ influx in response to pressure sensation evoked by tension on the cell lipid membrane, originating from cell-cell, cell-matrix, or hydrostatic pressure forces, such as laminar flow and shear stress. The application of such forces takes place in normal physiological processes of the cell, but also in the context of different diseases, where microenvironment stiffness or excessive/irregular hydrostatic pressure dysregulates the normal expression and/or activation of Piezo1. Since Piezo1 is expressed in several blood cell lineages and mutations of the channel have been associated with blood cell disorders, studies have focused on its role in the development and function of blood cells. Here, we review the function of Piezo1 in different blood cell lineages and related diseases, with a focus on megakaryocytes and platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Iris Karkempetzaki
- Department of Medicine, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katya Ravid
- Department of Medicine, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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3
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Kong Z, Boahen EK, Kim DJ, Li F, Kim JS, Kweon H, Kim SY, Choi H, Zhu J, Bin Ying W, Kim DH. Ultrafast underwater self-healing piezo-ionic elastomer via dynamic hydrophobic-hydrolytic domains. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2129. [PMID: 38459042 PMCID: PMC10923942 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46334-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced materials capable of autonomous self-healing and mechanical stimulus sensing in aquatic environments holds great promise for applications in underwater soft electronics, underwater robotics, and water-resistant human-machine interfaces. However, achieving superior autonomous self-healing properties and effective sensing simultaneously in an aquatic environment is rarely feasible. Here, we present an ultrafast underwater molecularly engineered self-healing piezo-ionic elastomer inspired by the cephalopod's suckers, which possess self-healing properties and mechanosensitive ion channels. Through strategic engineering of hydrophobic C-F groups, hydrolytic boronate ester bonds, and ions, the material achieves outstanding self-healing efficiencies, with speeds of 94.5% (9.1 µm/min) in air and 89.6% (13.3 µm/min) underwater, coupled with remarkable pressure sensitivity (18.1 kPa-1) for sensing performance. Furthermore, integration of this mechanosensitive device into an underwater submarine for signal transmission and light emitting diode modulation demonstrates its potential for underwater robotics and smarter human-machine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Kong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Elvis K Boahen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Fenglong Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hyukmin Kweon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Wu Bin Ying
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Li C, Zhao M, Liu X, Li Y, Xu B, Zhou L, Sun X, Sun W, Kang N, Ji Z, Li T, An H, Wang F, Wu C, Ye JY, Zhang JR, Wang Q, Zhao X, Li Z, Liu W. Ion channel TRPV2 is critical in enhancing B cell activation and function. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20221042. [PMID: 38353705 PMCID: PMC10866685 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The function of transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) cation channels governing B cell activation remains to be explored. We present evidence that TRPV2 is highly expressed in B cells and plays a crucial role in the formation of the B cell immunological synapse and B cell activation. Physiologically, TRPV2 expression level is positively correlated to influenza-specific antibody production and is low in newborns and seniors. Pathologically, a positive correlation is established between TRPV2 expression and the clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in adult and child SLE patients. Correspondingly, mice with deficient TRPV2 in B cells display impaired antibody responses following immunization. Mechanistically, the pore and N-terminal domains of TRPV2 are crucial for gating cation permeation and executing mechanosensation in B cells upon antigen stimulation. These processes synergistically contribute to membrane potential depolarization and cytoskeleton remodeling within the B cell immunological synapse, fostering efficient B cell activation. Thus, TRPV2 is critical in augmenting B cell activation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bihua Xu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenglin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran An
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jing-Ying Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Ren Zhang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwen Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Sun L, Meissner J, He J, Cui L, Fürstenhaupt T, Liang X. Resolving the In Situ Three-Dimensional Structure of Fly Mechanosensory Organelles Using Serial Section Electron Tomography. Bio Protoc 2024; 14:e4940. [PMID: 38405077 PMCID: PMC10883892 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensory organelles (MOs) are specialized subcellular entities where force-sensitive channels and supporting structures (e.g., microtubule cytoskeleton) are organized in an orderly manner. The delicate structure of MOs needs to be resolved to understand the mechanisms by which they detect forces and how they are formed. Here, we describe a protocol that allows obtaining detailed information about the nanoscopic ultrastructure of fly MOs by using serial section electron tomography (SS-ET). To preserve fine structural details, the tissues are cryo-immobilized using a high-pressure freezer followed by freeze-substitution at low temperature and embedding in resin at room temperature. Then, sample sections are prepared and used to acquire the dual-axis tilt series images, which are further processed for tomographic reconstruction. Finally, tomograms of consecutive sections are combined into a single larger volume using microtubules as fiducial markers. Using this protocol, we managed to reconstruct the sensory organelles, which provide novel molecular insights as to how fly mechanosensory organelles work and are formed. Based on our experience, we think that, with minimal modifications, this protocol can be adapted to a wide range of applications using different cell and tissue samples. Key features • Resolving the high-resolution 3D ultrastructure of subcellular organelles using serial section electron tomography (SS-ET). • Compared with single-axis tilt series, dual-axis tilt series provides a much wider coverage of Fourier space, improving resolution and features in the reconstructed tomograms. • The use of high-pressure freezing and freeze-substitution maximally preserves the fine structural details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landi Sun
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of
Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jana Meissner
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute of
Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jianfeng He
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of
Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Cui
- Center of Biomedical Analysis, School of Life
Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tobias Fürstenhaupt
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute of
Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xin Liang
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of
Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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6
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Mierke CT. Magnetic tweezers in cell mechanics. Methods Enzymol 2024; 694:321-354. [PMID: 38492957 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The chapter provides an overview of the applications of magnetic tweezers in living cells. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of magnetic tweezers technology with a focus on individual magnetic tweezers configurations, such as electromagnetic tweezers. Solutions to the disadvantages identified are also outlined. The specific role of magnetic tweezers in the field of mechanobiology, such as mechanosensitivity, mechano-allostery and mechanotransduction are also emphasized. The specific usage of magnetic tweezers in mechanically probing cells via specific cell surface receptors, such as mechanosensitive channels is discussed and why mechanical probing has revealed the opening and closing of the channels. Finally, the future direction of magnetic tweezers is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tanja Mierke
- Faculty of Physics and Earth System Sciences, Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics, Biological Physics Division, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
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7
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Das P, Mekonnen B, Alkhofash R, Ingle AV, Workman EB, Feather A, Zhang G, Chasen N, Liu P, Lechtreck KF. The Small Interactor of PKD2 protein promotes the assembly and ciliary entry of the Chlamydomonas PKD2-mastigoneme complexes. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261497. [PMID: 38063216 PMCID: PMC10846610 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In Chlamydomonas, the channel polycystin 2 (PKD2) is primarily present in the distal region of cilia, where it is attached to the axoneme and mastigonemes, extracellular polymers of MST1. In a smaller proximal ciliary region that lacks mastigonemes, PKD2 is more mobile. We show that the PKD2 regions are established early during ciliogenesis and increase proportionally in length as cilia elongate. In chimeric zygotes, tagged PKD2 rapidly entered the proximal region of PKD2-deficient cilia, whereas the assembly of the distal region was hindered, suggesting that axonemal binding of PKD2 requires de novo assembly of cilia. We identified the protein Small Interactor of PKD2 (SIP), a PKD2-related, single-pass transmembrane protein, as part of the PKD2-mastigoneme complex. In sip mutants, stability and proteolytic processing of PKD2 in the cell body were reduced and PKD2-mastigoneme complexes were absent from the cilia. Like the pkd2 and mst1 mutants, sip mutant cells swam with reduced velocity. Cilia of the pkd2 mutant beat with an increased frequency but were less efficient in moving the cells, suggesting a structural role for the PKD2-SIP-mastigoneme complex in increasing the effective surface of Chlamydomonas cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulomi Das
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Betlehem Mekonnen
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Rama Alkhofash
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Abha V. Ingle
- Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - E. Blair Workman
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Alec Feather
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Gui Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Nathan Chasen
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Peiwei Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Karl F. Lechtreck
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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8
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Gopalakrishnan J, Feistel K, Friedrich BM, Grapin‐Botton A, Jurisch‐Yaksi N, Mass E, Mick DU, Müller R, May‐Simera H, Schermer B, Schmidts M, Walentek P, Wachten D. Emerging principles of primary cilia dynamics in controlling tissue organization and function. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113891. [PMID: 37743763 PMCID: PMC10620770 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia project from the surface of most vertebrate cells and are key in sensing extracellular signals and locally transducing this information into a cellular response. Recent findings show that primary cilia are not merely static organelles with a distinct lipid and protein composition. Instead, the function of primary cilia relies on the dynamic composition of molecules within the cilium, the context-dependent sensing and processing of extracellular stimuli, and cycles of assembly and disassembly in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. Thereby, primary cilia dynamically integrate different cellular inputs and control cell fate and function during tissue development. Here, we review the recently emerging concept of primary cilia dynamics in tissue development, organization, remodeling, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Gopalakrishnan
- Institute for Human Genetics, Heinrich‐Heine‐UniversitätUniversitätsklinikum DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Kerstin Feistel
- Department of Zoology, Institute of BiologyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | | | - Anne Grapin‐Botton
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at The University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of the TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Nathalie Jurisch‐Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Elvira Mass
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, Developmental Biology of the Immune SystemUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - David U Mick
- Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Center of Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB)Saarland School of MedicineHomburgGermany
| | - Roman‐Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Helen May‐Simera
- Institute of Molecular PhysiologyJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Pediatric Genetics Division, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS‐Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Peter Walentek
- CIBSS‐Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Renal Division, Internal Medicine IV, Medical CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical FacultyUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
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9
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Oshima D, Yoshida M, Saga K, Ito N, Tsuji M, Isu A, Watanabe N, Wakabayashi KI, Yoshimura K. Mechanoresponses mediated by the TRP11 channel in cilia of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. iScience 2023; 26:107926. [PMID: 37790279 PMCID: PMC10543168 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia are organelles involved in motility and sensory transduction, but how these two functions coexist has not been elucidated in depth. Here, the involvement of the ciliary transient receptor potential (TRP) channel TRP11 in mechanoresponses is studied in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using a TRP11-knockout mutant. The mutant has defects in the conversion of the bending mode of the cilium from forward to reverse when tapped with a glass rod, the detachment of cilia when shear is applied, the increase in ciliary beat frequency upon application of mechanical agitation by vortex mixing, and the initiation of gliding while both cilia are attached in opposite directions to a glass surface. These observations indicate that TRP11 can perceive mechanical stimuli with distinct intensities and durations and induce various types of ciliary responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Oshima
- Department of Machinery and Control Systems, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Megumi Yoshida
- Department of Machinery and Control Systems, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Kosuke Saga
- Department of Machinery and Control Systems, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Neo Ito
- Department of Machinery and Control Systems, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Miyu Tsuji
- Department of Machinery and Control Systems, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Atsuko Isu
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Nobuo Watanabe
- Department of Bio-Science and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Wakabayashi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Department of Industrial Life Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Yoshimura
- Department of Machinery and Control Systems, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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10
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Burns D, Venditti V, Potoyan DA. Temperature sensitive contact modes allosterically gate TRPV3. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011545. [PMID: 37831724 PMCID: PMC10599574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPV Ion channels are sophisticated molecular sensors designed to respond to distinct temperature thresholds. The recent surge in cryo-EM structures has provided numerous insights into the structural rearrangements accompanying their opening and closing; however, the molecular mechanisms by which TRPV channels establish precise and robust temperature sensing remain elusive. In this work we employ molecular simulations, multi-ensemble contact analysis, graph theory, and machine learning techniques to reveal the temperature-sensitive residue-residue interactions driving allostery in TRPV3. We find that groups of residues exhibiting similar temperature-dependent contact frequency profiles cluster at specific regions of the channel. The dominant mode clusters on the ankyrin repeat domain and displays a linear melting trend while others display non-linear trends. These modes describe the residue-level temperature response patterns that underlie the channel's functional dynamics. With network analysis, we find that the community structure of the channel changes with temperature. And that a network of high centrality contacts connects distant regions of the protomer to the gate, serving as a means for the temperature-sensitive contact modes to allosterically regulate channel gating. Using a random forest model, we show that the contact states of specific temperature-sensitive modes are indeed predictive of the channel gate's state. Supporting the physical validity of these modes and networks are several residues identified with our analyses that are reported in literature to be functionally critical. Our results offer high resolution insight into thermo-TRP channel function and demonstrate the utility of temperature-sensitive contact analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Burns
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Vincenzo Venditti
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Davit A. Potoyan
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
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11
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Burns D, Venditti V, Potoyan DA. Temperature-Sensitive Contact Modes Allosterically Gate TRPV3. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.02.522497. [PMID: 36711981 PMCID: PMC9881879 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.02.522497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
TRPV Ion channels are sophisticated molecular sensors designed to respond to distinct temperature thresholds. The recent surge in cryo-EM structures has provided numerous insights into the structural rearrangements accompanying their opening and closing; however, the molecular mechanisms by which TRPV channels establish precise and robust temperature sensing remain elusive. In this work we employ molecular simulations, multi-ensemble contact analysis, graph theory, and machine learning techniques to reveal the temperature-sensitive residue-residue interactions driving allostery in TRPV3. We find that groups of residues exhibiting similar temperature-dependent contact frequency profiles cluster at specific regions of the channel. The dominant mode clusters on the ankyrin repeat domain and displays a linear melting trend while others display non-linear trends. These modes describe the residue-level temperature response patterns that underlie the channel's functional dynamics. With network analysis, we find that the community structure of the channel changes with temperature. And that a network of high centrality contacts connects distant regions of the protomer to the gate, serving as a means for the temperature-sensitive contact modes to allosterically regulate channel gating. Using a random forest model, we show that the contact states of specific temperature-sensitive modes are indeed predictive of the channel gate's state. Supporting the physical validity of these modes and networks are several residues identified with our analyses that are reported in literature to be functionally critical. Our results offer high resolution insight into thermo-TRP channel function and demonstrate the utility of temperature-sensitive contact analysis.
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12
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Zhang M, Ma Y, Ye X, Zhang N, Pan L, Wang B. TRP (transient receptor potential) ion channel family: structures, biological functions and therapeutic interventions for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:261. [PMID: 37402746 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are sensors for a variety of cellular and environmental signals. Mammals express a total of 28 different TRP channel proteins, which can be divided into seven subfamilies based on amino acid sequence homology: TRPA (Ankyrin), TRPC (Canonical), TRPM (Melastatin), TRPML (Mucolipin), TRPN (NO-mechano-potential, NOMP), TRPP (Polycystin), TRPV (Vanilloid). They are a class of ion channels found in numerous tissues and cell types and are permeable to a wide range of cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, and others. TRP channels are responsible for various sensory responses including heat, cold, pain, stress, vision and taste and can be activated by a number of stimuli. Their predominantly location on the cell surface, their interaction with numerous physiological signaling pathways, and the unique crystal structure of TRP channels make TRPs attractive drug targets and implicate them in the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Here, we review the history of TRP channel discovery, summarize the structures and functions of the TRP ion channel family, and highlight the current understanding of the role of TRP channels in the pathogenesis of human disease. Most importantly, we describe TRP channel-related drug discovery, therapeutic interventions for diseases and the limitations of targeting TRP channels in potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health; Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yueming Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xianglu Ye
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lei Pan
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health; Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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13
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Das P, Mekonnen B, Alkhofash R, Ingle A, Workman EB, Feather A, Liu P, Lechtreck KF. Small Interactor of PKD2 (SIP), a novel PKD2-related single-pass transmembrane protein, is required for proteolytic processing and ciliary import of Chlamydomonas PKD2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.13.544839. [PMID: 37398320 PMCID: PMC10312728 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.13.544839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In Chlamydomonas cilia, the ciliopathy-relevant TRP channel PKD2 is spatially compartmentalized into a distal region, in which PKD2 binds the axoneme and extracellular mastigonemes, and a smaller proximal region, in which PKD2 is more mobile and lacks mastigonemes. Here, we show that the two PKD2 regions are established early during cilia regeneration and increase in length as cilia elongate. In abnormally long cilia, only the distal region elongated whereas both regions adjusted in length during cilia shortening. In dikaryon rescue experiments, tagged PKD2 rapidly entered the proximal region of PKD2-deficient cilia whereas assembly of the distal region was hindered, suggesting that axonemal docking of PKD2 requires de novo ciliary assembly. We identified Small Interactor of PKD2 (SIP), a small PKD2-related protein, as a novel component of the PKD2-mastigoneme complex. In sip mutants, stability and proteolytic processing of PKD2 in the cell body were reduced and PKD2-mastigoneme complexes were absent from mutant cilia. Like the pkd2 and mst1 mutants, sip swims with reduced velocity. Cilia of the pkd2 mutant beat with normal frequency and bending pattern but were less efficient in moving cells supporting a passive role of the PKD2-SIP-mastigoneme complexes in increasing the effective surface of Chlamydomonas cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulomi Das
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Betlehem Mekonnen
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Rama Alkhofash
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Abha Ingle
- Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - E. Blair Workman
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Alec Feather
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | | | - Karl F. Lechtreck
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
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14
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Cury KM, Axel R. Flexible neural control of transition points within the egg-laying behavioral sequence in Drosophila. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1054-1067. [PMID: 37217726 PMCID: PMC10244180 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Innate behaviors are frequently comprised of ordered sequences of component actions that progress to satisfy essential drives. Progression is governed by specialized sensory cues that induce transitions between components within the appropriate context. Here we have characterized the structure of the egg-laying behavioral sequence in Drosophila and found significant variability in the transitions between component actions that affords the organism an adaptive flexibility. We identified distinct classes of interoceptive and exteroceptive sensory neurons that control the timing and direction of transitions between the terminal components of the sequence. We also identified a pair of motor neurons that enact the final transition to egg expulsion. These results provide a logic for the organization of innate behavior in which sensory information processed at critical junctures allows for flexible adjustments in component actions to satisfy drives across varied internal and external environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Cury
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Richard Axel
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Fok A, Brissette B, Hallacy T, Ahamed H, Ho E, Ramanathan S, Ringstad N. High-fidelity encoding of mechanostimuli by tactile food-sensing neurons requires an ensemble of ion channels. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112452. [PMID: 37119137 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The nematode C. elegans uses mechanosensitive neurons to detect bacteria, which are food for worms. These neurons release dopamine to suppress foraging and promote dwelling. Through a screen of genes highly expressed in dopaminergic food-sensing neurons, we identify a K2P-family potassium channel-TWK-2-that damps their activity. Strikingly, loss of TWK-2 restores mechanosensation to neurons lacking the NOMPC-like channel transient receptor potential 4 (TRP-4), which was thought to be the primary mechanoreceptor for tactile food sensing. The alternate mechanoreceptor mechanism uncovered by TWK-2 mutation requires three Deg/ENaC channel subunits: ASIC-1, DEL-3, and UNC-8. Analysis of cell-physiological responses to mechanostimuli indicates that TRP and Deg/ENaC channels work together to set the range of analog encoding of stimulus intensity and to improve signal-to-noise characteristics and temporal fidelity of food-sensing neurons. We conclude that a specialized mechanosensory modality-tactile food sensing-emerges from coordination of distinct force-sensing mechanisms housed in one type of sensory neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Fok
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Benjamin Brissette
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tim Hallacy
- Harvard University, Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Applied Physics, Cambridge, MA 10238, USA
| | - Hassan Ahamed
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Elver Ho
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sharad Ramanathan
- Harvard University, Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Applied Physics, Cambridge, MA 10238, USA
| | - Niels Ringstad
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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16
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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17
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Zhu R, Jan YN. A new cell in an old tactile sensory organ. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:518-519. [PMID: 37059881 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Zhu
- Department of Physiology, UCSF/HHMI, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yuh Nung Jan
- Department of Physiology, UCSF/HHMI, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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18
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Goodman MB, Haswell ES, Vásquez V. Mechanosensitive membrane proteins: Usual and unusual suspects in mediating mechanotransduction. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202213248. [PMID: 36696153 PMCID: PMC9930137 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This Viewpoint, which accompanies a Special Issue focusing on membrane mechanosensors, discusses unifying and unique features of both established and emerging mechanosensitive (MS) membrane proteins, their distribution across protein families and phyla, and current and future challenges in the study of these important proteins and their partners. MS membrane proteins are essential for tissue development, cellular motion, osmotic homeostasis, and sensing external and self-generated mechanical cues like those responsible for touch and proprioception. Though researchers' attention and this Viewpoint focus on a few famous ion channels that are considered the usual suspects as MS mechanosensors, we also discuss some of the more unusual suspects, such as G-protein coupled receptors. As the field continues to grow, so too will the list of proteins suspected to function as mechanosensors and the diversity of known MS membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam B. Goodman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth S. Haswell
- Department of Biology, Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Valeria Vásquez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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19
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Young MN, Sindoni MJ, Lewis AH, Zauscher S, Grandl J. The energetics of rapid cellular mechanotransduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215747120. [PMID: 36795747 PMCID: PMC9974467 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215747120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells throughout the human body detect mechanical forces. While it is known that the rapid (millisecond) detection of mechanical forces is mediated by force-gated ion channels, a detailed quantitative understanding of cells as sensors of mechanical energy is still lacking. Here, we combine atomic force microscopy with patch-clamp electrophysiology to determine the physical limits of cells expressing the force-gated ion channels (FGICs) Piezo1, Piezo2, TREK1, and TRAAK. We find that, depending on the ion channel expressed, cells can function either as proportional or nonlinear transducers of mechanical energy and detect mechanical energies as little as ~100 fJ, with a resolution of up to ~1 fJ. These specific energetic values depend on cell size, channel density, and cytoskeletal architecture. We also make the surprising discovery that cells can transduce forces either nearly instantaneously (<1 ms) or with a substantial time delay (~10 ms). Using a chimeric experimental approach and simulations, we show how such delays can emerge from channel-intrinsic properties and the slow diffusion of tension in the membrane. Overall, our experiments reveal the capabilities and limits of cellular mechanosensing and provide insights into molecular mechanisms that different cell types may employ to specialize for their distinct physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N. Young
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
| | - Michael J. Sindoni
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
| | - Amanda H. Lewis
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC27710
| | - Jörg Grandl
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC27710
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20
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Zocchi R, Compagnucci C, Bertini E, Sferra A. Deciphering the Tubulin Language: Molecular Determinants and Readout Mechanisms of the Tubulin Code in Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032781. [PMID: 36769099 PMCID: PMC9917122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) are dynamic components of the cell cytoskeleton involved in several cellular functions, such as structural support, migration and intracellular trafficking. Despite their high similarity, MTs have functional heterogeneity that is generated by the incorporation into the MT lattice of different tubulin gene products and by their post-translational modifications (PTMs). Such regulations, besides modulating the tubulin composition of MTs, create on their surface a "biochemical code" that is translated, through the action of protein effectors, into specific MT-based functions. This code, known as "tubulin code", plays an important role in neuronal cells, whose highly specialized morphologies and activities depend on the correct functioning of the MT cytoskeleton and on its interplay with a myriad of MT-interacting proteins. In recent years, a growing number of mutations in genes encoding for tubulins, MT-interacting proteins and enzymes that post-translationally modify MTs, which are the main players of the tubulin code, have been linked to neurodegenerative processes or abnormalities in neural migration, differentiation and connectivity. Nevertheless, the exact molecular mechanisms through which the cell writes and, downstream, MT-interacting proteins decipher the tubulin code are still largely uncharted. The purpose of this review is to describe the molecular determinants and the readout mechanisms of the tubulin code, and briefly elucidate how they coordinate MT behavior during critical neuronal events, such as neuron migration, maturation and axonal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Zocchi
- Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Compagnucci
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +39-06-6859-2104 (E.B. & A.S.)
| | - Antonella Sferra
- Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +39-06-6859-2104 (E.B. & A.S.)
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21
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Park YC, Reddy B, Bavi N, Perozo E, Faraldo-Gómez JD. State-specific morphological deformations of the lipid bilayer explain mechanosensitive gating of MscS ion channels. eLife 2023; 12:81445. [PMID: 36715097 PMCID: PMC9925053 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The force-from-lipids hypothesis of cellular mechanosensation posits that membrane channels open and close in response to changes in the physical state of the lipid bilayer, induced for example by lateral tension. Here, we investigate the molecular basis for this transduction mechanism by studying the mechanosensitive ion channel MscS from Escherichia coli and its eukaryotic homolog MSL1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. First, we use single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structure of a novel open conformation of wild-type MscS, stabilized in a thinned lipid nanodisc. Compared with the closed state, the structure shows a reconfiguration of helices TM1, TM2, and TM3a, and widening of the central pore. Based on these structures, we examined how the morphology of the membrane is altered upon gating, using molecular dynamics simulations. The simulations reveal that closed-state MscS causes drastic protrusions in the inner leaflet of the lipid bilayer, both in the absence and presence of lateral tension, and for different lipid compositions. These deformations arise to provide adequate solvation to hydrophobic crevices under the TM1-TM2 hairpin, and clearly reflect a high-energy conformation for the membrane, particularly under tension. Strikingly, these protrusions are largely eradicated upon channel opening. An analogous computational study of open and closed MSL1 recapitulates these findings. The gating equilibrium of MscS channels thus appears to be dictated by opposing conformational preferences, namely those of the lipid membrane and of the protein structure. We propose a membrane deformation model of mechanosensation, which posits that tension shifts the gating equilibrium towards the conductive state not because it alters the mode in which channel and lipids interact, but because it increases the energetic cost of the morphological perturbations in the membrane required by the closed state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yein Christina Park
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Bharat Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Navid Bavi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Eduardo Perozo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - José D Faraldo-Gómez
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
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22
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Streiff ME, Corbin AC, Ahmad AA, Hunter C, Sachse FB. TRPC1 channels underlie stretch-modulated sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak in cardiomyocytes. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1056657. [PMID: 36620209 PMCID: PMC9817106 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1056657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) channels are Ca2+-permeable ion channels expressed in cardiomyocytes. An involvement of TRPC1 channels in cardiac diseases is widely established. However, the physiological role of TRPC1 channels and the mechanisms through which they contribute to disease development are still under investigation. Our prior work suggested that TRPC1 forms Ca2+ leak channels located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane. Prior studies suggested that TRPC1 channels in the cell membrane are mechanosensitive, but this was not yet investigated in cardiomyocytes or for SR localized TRPC1 channels. We applied adenoviral transfection to overexpress or suppress TRPC1 expression in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs). Transfections were evaluated with RT-qPCR, western blot, and fluorescent imaging. Single-molecule localization microscopy revealed high colocalization of exogenously expressed TRPC1 and the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2). To test our hypothesis that TRPC1 channels contribute to mechanosensitive Ca2+ SR leak, we directly measured SR Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]SR) using adenoviral transfection with a novel ratiometric genetically encoded SR-targeting Ca2+ sensor. We performed fluorescence imaging to quantitatively assess [Ca2+]SR and leak through TRPC1 channels of NRVMs cultured on stretchable silicone membranes. [Ca2+]SR was increased in cells with suppressed TRPC1 expression vs. control and Transient receptor potential canonical 1-overexpressing cells. We also detected a significant reduction in [Ca2+]SR in cells with Transient receptor potential canonical 1 overexpression when 10% uniaxial stretch was applied. These findings indicate that TRPC1 channels underlie the mechanosensitive modulation of [Ca2+]SR. Our findings are critical for understanding the physiological role of TRPC1 channels and support the development of pharmacological therapies for cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly E. Streiff
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Andrea C. Corbin
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Azmi A. Ahmad
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Chris Hunter
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Frank B. Sachse
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States,*Correspondence: Frank B. Sachse,
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23
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Vaisey G, Banerjee P, North AJ, Haselwandter CA, MacKinnon R. Piezo1 as a force-through-membrane sensor in red blood cells. eLife 2022; 11:e82621. [PMID: 36515266 PMCID: PMC9750178 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Piezo1 is the stretch activated Ca2+ channel in red blood cells that mediates homeostatic volume control. Here, we study the organization of Piezo1 in red blood cells using a combination of super-resolution microscopy techniques and electron microscopy. Piezo1 adopts a non-uniform distribution on the red blood cell surface, with a bias toward the biconcave 'dimple'. Trajectories of diffusing Piezo1 molecules, which exhibit confined Brownian diffusion on short timescales and hopping on long timescales, also reflect a bias toward the dimple. This bias can be explained by 'curvature coupling' between the intrinsic curvature of the Piezo dome and the curvature of the red blood cell membrane. Piezo1 does not form clusters with itself, nor does it colocalize with F-actin, Spectrin, or the Gardos channel. Thus, Piezo1 exhibits the properties of a force-through-membrane sensor of curvature and lateral tension in the red blood cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Vaisey
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Priyam Banerjee
- Bio-Imaging Resource Center, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Alison J North
- Bio-Imaging Resource Center, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Christoph A Haselwandter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Roderick MacKinnon
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
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24
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Advances and recent insights into the gating mechanisms of the mechanically-activated ion channels PIEZO1 and PIEZO2. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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25
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Hadiatullah H, Zhang Y, Samurkas A, Xie Y, Sundarraj R, Zuilhof H, Qiao J, Yuchi Z. Recent progress in the structural study of ion channels as insecticide targets. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:1522-1551. [PMID: 35575601 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels, many expressed in insect neural and muscular systems, have drawn huge attention as primary targets of insecticides. With the recent technical breakthroughs in structural biology, especially in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), many new high-resolution structures of ion channel targets, apo or in complex with insecticides, have been solved, shedding light on the molecular mechanism of action of the insecticides and resistance mutations. These structures also provide accurate templates for structure-based insecticide screening and rational design. This review summarizes the recent progress in the structural studies of 5 ion channel families: the ryanodine receptor (RyR), the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC), the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel, and the ligand-gated chloride channel (LGCC). We address the selectivity of the channel-targeting insecticides by examining the conservation of key coordinating residues revealed by the structures. The possible resistance mechanisms are proposed based on the locations of the identified resistance mutations on the 3D structures of the target channels and their impacts on the binding of insecticides. Finally, we discuss how to develop "green" insecticides with a novel mode of action based on these high-resolution structures to overcome the resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiatullah Hadiatullah
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Arthur Samurkas
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yunxuan Xie
- Department of Environmental Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rajamanikandan Sundarraj
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianjun Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiguang Yuchi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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26
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Gong J, Chen J, Gu P, Shang Y, Ruppell KT, Yang Y, Wang F, Wen Q, Xiang Y. Shear stress activates nociceptors to drive Drosophila mechanical nociception. Neuron 2022; 110:3727-3742.e8. [PMID: 36087585 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical nociception is essential for animal survival. However, the forces involved in nociceptor activation and the underlying mechanotransduction mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we address these problems by investigating nocifensive behavior in Drosophila larvae. We show that strong poking stimulates nociceptors with a mixture of forces including shear stress and stretch. Unexpectedly, nociceptors are selectively activated by shear stress, but not stretch. Both the shear stress responses of nociceptors and nocifensive behavior require transient receptor potential A1 (TrpA1), which is specifically expressed in nociceptors. We further demonstrate that expression of mammalian or Drosophila TrpA1 in heterologous cells confers responses to shear stress but not stretch. Finally, shear stress activates TrpA1 in a membrane-delimited manner, through modulation of membrane fluidity. Together, our study reveals TrpA1 as an evolutionarily conserved mechanosensitive channel specifically activated by shear stress and suggests a critical role of shear stress in activating nociceptors to drive mechanical nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Gong
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jiazhang Chen
- Department of Physics, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Pengyu Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ye Shang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Kendra Takle Ruppell
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Qi Wen
- Department of Physics, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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27
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Qiu X, Müller U. Sensing sound: Cellular specializations and molecular force sensors. Neuron 2022; 110:3667-3687. [PMID: 36223766 PMCID: PMC9671866 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Organisms of all phyla express mechanosensitive ion channels with a wide range of physiological functions. In recent years, several classes of mechanically gated ion channels have been identified. Some of these ion channels are intrinsically mechanosensitive. Others depend on accessory proteins to regulate their response to mechanical force. The mechanotransduction machinery of cochlear hair cells provides a particularly striking example of a complex force-sensing machine. This molecular ensemble is embedded into a specialized cellular compartment that is crucial for its function. Notably, mechanotransduction channels of cochlear hair cells are not only critical for auditory perception. They also shape their cellular environment and regulate the development of auditory circuitry. Here, we summarize recent discoveries that have shed light on the composition of the mechanotransduction machinery of cochlear hair cells and how this machinery contributes to the development and function of the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Qiu
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ulrich Müller
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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28
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Kuvaeva EE, Mertsalov IB, Simonova OB. Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Family of Channel Proteins. Russ J Dev Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360422050046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Liu C, Zhang W. Molecular basis of somatosensation in insects. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 76:102592. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Mechanosensitive body–brain interactions in Caenorhabditis elegans. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 75:102574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Marcotti A, Fernández-Trillo J, González A, Vizcaíno-Escoto M, Ros-Arlanzón P, Romero L, Vela JM, Gomis A, Viana F, de la Peña E. TRPA1 modulation by Sigma-1 receptor prevents oxaliplatin-induced painful peripheral neuropathy. Brain 2022; 146:475-491. [PMID: 35871491 PMCID: PMC9924907 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a frequent, disabling side effect of anticancer drugs. Oxaliplatin, a platinum compound used in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, often leads to a form of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy characterized by mechanical and cold hypersensitivity. Current therapies for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy are ineffective, often leading to the cessation of treatment. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal, non-selective cation-permeable channel expressed in nociceptors, activated by physical stimuli and cellular stress products. TRPA1 has been linked to the establishment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and other painful neuropathic conditions. Sigma-1 receptor is an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone known to modulate the function of many ion channels and receptors. Sigma-1 receptor antagonist, a highly selective antagonist of Sigma-1 receptor, has shown effectiveness in a phase II clinical trial for oxaliplatin chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. However, the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of Sigma-1 receptor antagonist are little understood. We combined biochemical and biophysical (i.e. intermolecular Förster resonance energy transfer) techniques to demonstrate the interaction between Sigma-1 receptor and human TRPA1. Pharmacological antagonism of Sigma-1R impaired the formation of this molecular complex and the trafficking of functional TRPA1 to the plasma membrane. Using patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings we found that antagonists of Sigma-1 receptor, including Sigma-1 receptor antagonist, exert a marked inhibition on plasma membrane expression and function of human TRPA1 channels. In TRPA1-expressing mouse sensory neurons, Sigma-1 receptor antagonists reduced inward currents and the firing of actions potentials in response to TRPA1 agonists. Finally, in a mouse experimental model of oxaliplatin neuropathy, systemic treatment with a Sigma-1 receptor antagonists prevented the development of painful symptoms by a mechanism involving TRPA1. In summary, the modulation of TRPA1 channels by Sigma-1 receptor antagonists suggests a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and could inform the development of novel therapeutics for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Marcotti
- Present address: Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba (IFEC) – CONICET, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | | | - Alejandro González
- Present address: Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marta Vizcaíno-Escoto
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Pablo Ros-Arlanzón
- Present address: Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Luz Romero
- WeLab Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Miguel Vela
- WeLab Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Gomis
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Félix Viana
- Correspondence may also be addressed to: Felix Viana E-mail:
| | - Elvira de la Peña
- Correspondence to: Elvira de la Peña Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain E-mail:
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32
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Delmas P, Parpaite T, Coste B. PIEZO channels and newcomers in the mammalian mechanosensitive ion channel family. Neuron 2022; 110:2713-2727. [PMID: 35907398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Many ion channels have been described as mechanosensitive according to various criteria. Most broadly defined, an ion channel is called mechanosensitive if its activity is controlled by application of a physical force. The last decade has witnessed a revolution in mechanosensory physiology at the molecular, cellular, and system levels, both in health and in diseases. Since the discovery of the PIEZO proteins as prototypical mechanosensitive channel, many proteins have been proposed to transduce mechanosensory information in mammals. However, few of these newly identified candidates have all the attributes of bona fide, pore-forming mechanosensitive ion channels. In this perspective, we will cover and discuss new data that have advanced our understanding of mechanosensation at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Delmas
- SomatoSens, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7291, Marseilles, France.
| | - Thibaud Parpaite
- SomatoSens, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7291, Marseilles, France
| | - Bertrand Coste
- SomatoSens, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7291, Marseilles, France
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33
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Tao L, Coakley S, Shi R, Shen K. Dendrites use mechanosensitive channels to proofread ligand-mediated neurite extension during morphogenesis. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1615-1629.e3. [PMID: 35709764 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-receptor interactions guide axon navigation and dendrite arborization. Mechanical forces also influence guidance choices. However, the nature of such mechanical stimulations, the mechanosensor identity, and how they interact with guidance receptors are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mechanosensitive DEG/ENaC channels are required for dendritic arbor morphogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Inhibition of DEG/ENaC channels causes reduced dendritic outgrowth and branching in vivo, a phenotype that is alleviated by overexpression of the mechanosensitive channels PEZO-1/Piezo or YVC1/TrpY1. DEG/ENaCs trigger local Ca2+ transients in growing dendritic filopodia via activation of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Anchoring of filopodia by dendrite ligand-receptor complexes is required for the mechanical activation of DEG/ENaC channels. Therefore, mechanosensitive channels serve as a checkpoint for appropriate chemoaffinity by activating Ca2+ transients required for neurite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean Coakley
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Rebecca Shi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Neurosciences IDP, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kang Shen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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34
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Chuang YC, Chen CC. Force From Filaments: The Role of the Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix in the Gating of Mechanosensitive Channels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:886048. [PMID: 35586339 PMCID: PMC9108448 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.886048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The senses of proprioception, touch, hearing, and blood pressure on mechanosensitive ion channels that transduce mechanical stimuli with high sensitivity and speed. This conversion process is usually called mechanotransduction. From nematode MEC-4/10 to mammalian PIEZO1/2, mechanosensitive ion channels have evolved into several protein families that use variant gating models to convert different forms of mechanical force into electrical signals. In addition to the model of channel gating by stretching from lipid bilayers, another potent model is the opening of channels by force tethering: a membrane-bound channel is elastically tethered directly or indirectly between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular molecules, and the tethering molecules convey force to change the channel structure into an activation form. In general, the mechanical stimulation forces the extracellular structure to move relative to the cytoskeleton, deforming the most compliant component in the system that serves as a gating spring. Here we review recent studies focusing on the ion channel mechanically activated by a tethering force, the mechanotransduction-involved cytoskeletal protein, and the extracellular matrix. The mechanosensitive channel PIEZO2, DEG/ENaC family proteins such as acid-sensing ion channels, and transient receptor potential family members such as NompC are discussed. State-of-the-art techniques, such as polydimethylsiloxane indentation, the pillar array, and micropipette-guided ultrasound stimulation, which are beneficial tools for exploring the tether model, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chia Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Mouse Clinic, BioTReC, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Cheng Chen,
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35
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Agrawal S, Tuthill JC. The two-body problem: Proprioception and motor control across the metamorphic divide. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 74:102546. [PMID: 35512562 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Like a rocket being propelled into space, evolution has engineered flies to launch into adulthood via multiple stages. Flies develop and deploy two distinct bodies, linked by the transformative process of metamorphosis. The fly larva is a soft hydraulic tube that can crawl to find food and avoid predators. The adult fly has a stiff exoskeleton with articulated limbs that enable long-distance navigation and rich social interactions. Because the larval and adult forms are so distinct in structure, they require distinct strategies for sensing and moving the body. The metamorphic divide thus presents an opportunity for comparative analysis of neural circuits. Here, we review recent progress toward understanding the neural mechanisms of proprioception and motor control in larval and adult Drosophila. We highlight commonalities that point toward general principles of sensorimotor control and differences that may reflect unique constraints imposed by biomechanics. Finally, we discuss emerging opportunities for comparative analysis of neural circuit architecture in the fly and other animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Agrawal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - John C Tuthill
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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36
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Miles L, Powell J, Kozak C, Song Y. Mechanosensitive Ion Channels, Axonal Growth, and Regeneration. Neuroscientist 2022:10738584221088575. [PMID: 35414308 PMCID: PMC9556659 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221088575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cells sense and respond to mechanical stimuli by converting those stimuli into biological signals, a process known as mechanotransduction. Mechanotransduction is essential in diverse cellular functions, including tissue development, touch sensitivity, pain, and neuronal pathfinding. In the search for key players of mechanotransduction, several families of ion channels were identified as being mechanosensitive and were demonstrated to be activated directly by mechanical forces in both the membrane bilayer and the cytoskeleton. More recently, Piezo ion channels were discovered as a bona fide mechanosensitive ion channel, and its characterization led to a cascade of research that revealed the diverse functions of Piezo proteins and, in particular, their involvement in neuronal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leann Miles
- The Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jackson Powell
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Casey Kozak
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuanquan Song
- The Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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37
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Intrinsically disordered intracellular domains control key features of the mechanically-gated ion channel PIEZO2. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1365. [PMID: 35292651 PMCID: PMC8924262 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A central question in mechanobiology is how mechanical forces acting in or on cells are transmitted to mechanically-gated PIEZO channels that convert these forces into biochemical signals. Here we examined the role of the intracellular domains of PIEZO2, which account for 25% of the channel, and demonstrate that these domains fine-tune properties such as poking and stretch-sensitivity, velocity coding and single channel conductance. Moreover, we show that the intrinsically disordered linker between the transmembrane helices twelve and thirteen (IDR5) is required for the activation of PIEZO2 by cytoskeleton-transmitted forces. The deletion of IDR5 abolishes PIEZO2-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth, while it only partially affected its sensitivity to cell indentation and does not alter its stretch sensitivity. Thus, we propose that PIEZO2 is a polymodal mechanosensor that detects different types of mechanical stimuli via different force transmission pathways, which highlights the importance of utilizing multiple complementary assays when investigating PIEZO function. A key question in mechanobiology is how mechanical forces are transmitted to PIEZO ion channels. Here, Verkest et al. identify an intracellular channel domain that is required for the activation of PIEZO2 by cytoskeleton-transmitted forces.
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38
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Duque M, Lee-Kubli CA, Tufail Y, Magaram U, Patel J, Chakraborty A, Mendoza Lopez J, Edsinger E, Vasan A, Shiao R, Weiss C, Friend J, Chalasani SH. Sonogenetic control of mammalian cells using exogenous Transient Receptor Potential A1 channels. Nat Commun 2022; 13:600. [PMID: 35140203 PMCID: PMC8828769 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound has been used to non-invasively manipulate neuronal functions in humans and other animals. However, this approach is limited as it has been challenging to target specific cells within the brain or body. Here, we identify human Transient Receptor Potential A1 (hsTRPA1) as a candidate that confers ultrasound sensitivity to mammalian cells. Ultrasound-evoked gating of hsTRPA1 specifically requires its N-terminal tip region and cholesterol interactions; and target cells with an intact actin cytoskeleton, revealing elements of the sonogenetic mechanism. Next, we use calcium imaging and electrophysiology to show that hsTRPA1 potentiates ultrasound-evoked responses in primary neurons. Furthermore, unilateral expression of hsTRPA1 in mouse layer V motor cortical neurons leads to c-fos expression and contralateral limb responses in response to ultrasound delivered through an intact skull. Collectively, we demonstrate that hsTRPA1-based sonogenetics can effectively manipulate neurons within the intact mammalian brain, a method that could be used across species. Ultrasound can be used to non-invasively control neuronal functions. Here the authors report the use of human Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (hsTRPA1) to achieve ultrasound sensitivity in mammalian cells, and show that it can be used to manipulate neurons in the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Duque
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Corinne A Lee-Kubli
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yusuf Tufail
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Uri Magaram
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Janki Patel
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ahana Chakraborty
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jose Mendoza Lopez
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Eric Edsinger
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Aditya Vasan
- Medically Advanced Devices Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rani Shiao
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Connor Weiss
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - James Friend
- Medically Advanced Devices Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sreekanth H Chalasani
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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Wang J, Jiang J, Yang X, Zhou G, Wang L, Xiao B. Tethering Piezo channels to the actin cytoskeleton for mechanogating via the cadherin-β-catenin mechanotransduction complex. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110342. [PMID: 35139384 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanically activated Piezo channel plays a versatile role in conferring mechanosensitivity to various cell types. However, how it incorporates its intrinsic mechanosensitivity and cellular components to effectively sense long-range mechanical perturbation across a cell remains elusive. Here we show that Piezo channels are biochemically and functionally tethered to the actin cytoskeleton via the cadherin-β-catenin mechanotransduction complex, whose perturbation significantly impairs Piezo-mediated responses. Mechanistically, the adhesive extracellular domain of E-cadherin interacts with the cap domain of Piezo1, which controls the transmembrane gate, while its cytosolic tail might interact with the cytosolic domains of Piezo1, which are in close proximity to its intracellular gates, allowing a direct focus of adhesion-cytoskeleton-transmitted force for gating. Specific disruption of the intermolecular interactions prevents cytoskeleton-dependent gating of Piezo1. Thus, we propose a force-from-filament model to complement the previously suggested force-from-lipids model for mechanogating of Piezo channels, enabling them to serve as versatile and tunable mechanotransducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinghui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuzhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gewei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bailong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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40
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Nims RJ, Pferdehirt L, Guilak F. Mechanogenetics: harnessing mechanobiology for cellular engineering. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 73:374-379. [PMID: 34735987 PMCID: PMC10061441 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
'Mechanogenetics,' a new field at the convergence of mechanobiology and synthetic biology, presents an innovative strategy to treat, repair, or restore diseased cells and tissues by harnessing mechanical signal transduction pathways to control gene expression. While the role of mechanical forces in regulating development, homeostasis, and disease is well established, only recently have we identified the specific mechanosensors and downstream signaling pathways involved in these processes. Simultaneously, synthetic biological systems are developing increasingly sophisticated approaches of controlling mammalian cellular responses. Continued mechanistic refinement and identification of how cellular mechanosensors respond to homeostatic and pathological mechanical forces, combined with synthetic tools to integrate and respond to these inputs, promises to extend the development of new therapeutic approaches for treating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Nims
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Lara Pferdehirt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63105, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63105, USA.
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41
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Mechanisms of Pannexin 1 (PANX1) Channel Mechanosensitivity and Its Pathological Roles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031523. [PMID: 35163442 PMCID: PMC8836264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pannexins (PANX) were cloned based on their sequence homology to innexins (Inx), invertebrate gap junction proteins. Although there is no sequence homology between PANX and connexins (Cx), these proteins exhibit similar configurations. The PANX family has three members, PANX1, PANX2 and PANX3. Among them, PANX1 has been the most extensively studied. The PANX1 channels are activated by many factors, including high extracellular K+ ([K+]e), high intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), Src family kinase (SFK)-mediated phosphorylation, caspase cleavage and mechanical stimuli. However, the mechanisms mediating this mechanosensitivity of PANX1 remain unknown. Both force-from-lipids and force-from-filaments models are proposed to explain the gating mechanisms of PANX1 channel mechanosensitivity. Finally, both the physiological and pathological roles of mechanosensitive PANX1 are discussed.
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42
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Abstract
TRP channels have been heavily pursued as cryo-electron microscopy targets since they rang in the "resolution revolution." Although widespread in eukaryotes, a fungal TRP channel structure was missing. In this issue of Structure, Ahmed et al. (2022) present structural insights into the regulation of yeast TRPY1 by Ca2+ and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute A Hellmich
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Cluster of Excellence "Balance of the Microverse", 07743 Jena, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Lucie Delemotte
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17121 Solna, Sweden
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43
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Ahmed T, Nisler CR, Fluck EC, Walujkar S, Sotomayor M, Moiseenkova-Bell VY. Structure of the ancient TRPY1 channel from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals mechanisms of modulation by lipids and calcium. Structure 2022; 30:139-155.e5. [PMID: 34453887 PMCID: PMC8741645 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels emerged in fungi as mechanosensitive osmoregulators. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar TRP yeast 1 (TRPY1) is the most studied TRP channel from fungi, but the structure and details of channel modulation remain elusive. Here, we describe the full-length cryoelectron microscopy structure of TRPY1 at 3.1 Å resolution in a closed state. The structure, despite containing an evolutionarily conserved and archetypical transmembrane domain, reveals distinctive structural folds for the cytosolic N and C termini, compared with other eukaryotic TRP channels. We identify an inhibitory phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) lipid-binding site, along with two Ca2+-binding sites: a cytosolic site, implicated in channel activation and a vacuolar lumen site, implicated in inhibition. These findings, together with data from microsecond-long molecular dynamics simulations and a model of a TRPY1 open state, provide insights into the basis of TRPY1 channel modulation by lipids and Ca2+, and the molecular evolution of TRP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tofayel Ahmed
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Collin R Nisler
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Edwin C Fluck
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sanket Walujkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Chemical Physics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Marcos Sotomayor
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Chemical Physics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Vera Y Moiseenkova-Bell
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Ren H. Controlling the Gate: The Functions of the Cytoskeleton in Stomatal Movement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:849729. [PMID: 35283892 PMCID: PMC8905143 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are specialized epidermal structures composed of two guard cells and are involved in gas and water exchange between plants and the environment and pathogen entry into the plant interior. Stomatal movement is a response to many internal and external stimuli to increase adaptability to environmental change. The cytoskeleton, including actin filaments and microtubules, is highly dynamic in guard cells during stomatal movement, and the destruction of the cytoskeleton interferes with stomatal movement. In this review, we discuss recent progress on the organization and dynamics of actin filaments and microtubule network in guard cells, and we pay special attention to cytoskeletal-associated protein-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements during stomatal movement. We also discuss the potential mechanisms of stomatal movement in relation to the cytoskeleton and attempt to provide a foundation for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Li
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Guangdong Zhuhai-Macao Joint Biotech Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Guangdong Zhuhai-Macao Joint Biotech Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang,
| | - Haiyun Ren
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Guangdong Zhuhai-Macao Joint Biotech Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Haiyun Ren,
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45
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Jia Q, Yang Y, Chen X, Yao S, Hu Z. Emerging roles of mechanosensitive ion channels in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Respir Res 2022; 23:366. [PMID: 36539808 PMCID: PMC9764320 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a devastating respiratory disorder with high rates of mortality and morbidity, but the detailed underlying mechanisms of ALI/ARDS remain largely unknown. Mechanosensitive ion channels (MSCs), including epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), Piezo channels, transient receptor potential channels (TRPs), and two-pore domain potassium ion (K2P) channels, are highly expressed in lung tissues, and the activity of these MSCs can be modulated by mechanical forces (e.g., mechanical ventilation) and other stimuli (e.g., LPS, hyperoxia). Dysfunction of MSCs has been found in various types of ALI/ARDS, and MSCs play a key role in regulating alveolar fluid clearance, alveolar epithelial/endothelial barrier function, the inflammatory response and surfactant secretion in ALI/ARDS lungs. Targeting MSCs exerts therapeutic effects in the treatment of ALI/ARDS. In this review, we summarize the structure and functions of several well-recognized MSCs, the role of MSCs in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS and recent advances in the pharmacological and molecular modulation of MSCs in the treatment of ALI/ARDS. According to the current literature, targeting MSCs might be a very promising therapeutic approach against ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jia
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiyi Yang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanglong Yao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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46
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Patel AA, Sakurai A, Himmel NJ, Cox DN. Modality specific roles for metabotropic GABAergic signaling and calcium induced calcium release mechanisms in regulating cold nociception. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:942548. [PMID: 36157080 PMCID: PMC9502035 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.942548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays a pivotal role in modulating neuronal-mediated responses to modality-specific sensory stimuli. Recent studies in Drosophila reveal class III (CIII) multidendritic (md) sensory neurons function as multimodal sensors regulating distinct behavioral responses to innocuous mechanical and nociceptive thermal stimuli. Functional analyses revealed CIII-mediated multimodal behavioral output is dependent upon activation levels with stimulus-evoked Ca2+ displaying relatively low vs. high intracellular levels in response to gentle touch vs. noxious cold, respectively. However, the mechanistic bases underlying modality-specific differential Ca2+ responses in CIII neurons remain incompletely understood. We hypothesized that noxious cold-evoked high intracellular Ca2+ responses in CIII neurons may rely upon Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release (CICR) mechanisms involving transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and/or metabotropic G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) activation to promote cold nociceptive behaviors. Mutant and/or CIII-specific knockdown of GPCR and CICR signaling molecules [GABA B -R2, Gαq, phospholipase C, ryanodine receptor (RyR) and Inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)] led to impaired cold-evoked nociceptive behavior. GPCR mediated signaling, through GABA B -R2 and IP3R, is not required in CIII neurons for innocuous touch evoked behaviors. However, CICR via RyR is required for innocuous touch-evoked behaviors. Disruptions in GABA B -R2, IP3R, and RyR in CIII neurons leads to significantly lower levels of cold-evoked Ca2+ responses indicating GPCR and CICR signaling mechanisms function in regulating Ca2+ release. CIII neurons exhibit bipartite cold-evoked firing patterns, where CIII neurons burst during rapid temperature change and tonically fire during steady state cold temperatures. GABA B -R2 knockdown in CIII neurons resulted in disorganized firing patterns during cold exposure. We further demonstrate that application of GABA or the GABA B specific agonist baclofen potentiates cold-evoked CIII neuron activity. Upon ryanodine application, CIII neurons exhibit increased bursting activity and with CIII-specific RyR knockdown, there is an increase in cold-evoked tonic firing and decrease in bursting. Lastly, our previous studies implicated the TRPP channel Pkd2 in cold nociception, and here, we show that Pkd2 and IP3R genetically interact to specifically regulate cold-evoked behavior, but not innocuous mechanosensation. Collectively, these analyses support novel, modality-specific roles for metabotropic GABAergic signaling and CICR mechanisms in regulating intracellular Ca2+ levels and cold-evoked behavioral output from multimodal CIII neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atit A Patel
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Akira Sakurai
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nathaniel J Himmel
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Daniel N Cox
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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47
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Nanchung and Inactive define pore properties of the native auditory transduction channel in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2106459118. [PMID: 34848538 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106459118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory transduction is mediated by chordotonal (Cho) neurons in Drosophila larvae, but the molecular identity of the mechanotransduction (MET) channel is elusive. Here, we established a whole-cell recording system of Cho neurons and showed that two transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels, Nanchung (NAN) and Inactive (IAV), are essential for MET currents in Cho neurons. NAN and IAV form active ion channels when expressed simultaneously in S2 cells. Point mutations in the pore region of NAN-IAV change the reversal potential of the MET currents. Particularly, residues 857 through 990 in the IAV carboxyl terminus regulate the kinetics of MET currents in Cho neurons. In addition, TRPN channel NompC contributes to the adaptation of auditory transduction currents independent of its ion-conduction function. These results indicate that NAN-IAV, rather than NompC, functions as essential pore-forming subunits of the native auditory transduction channel in Drosophila and provide insights into the gating mechanism of MET currents in Cho neurons.
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48
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Hofmann D, Garg N, Grässle S, Vanderheiden S, Bergheim BG, Bräse S, Jung N, Özbek S. A small molecule screen identifies novel inhibitors of mechanosensory nematocyst discharge in Hydra. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20627. [PMID: 34663887 PMCID: PMC8523708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cnidarians are characterized by the possession of stinging organelles, called nematocysts, which they use for prey capture and defense. Nematocyst discharge is controlled by a mechanosensory apparatus with analogies to vertebrate hair cells. Members of the transient receptor potential (TRPN) ion channel family are supposed to be involved in the transduction of the mechanical stimulus. A small molecule screen was performed to identify compounds that affect nematocyst discharge in Hydra. We identified several [2.2]paracyclophanes that cause inhibition of nematocyst discharge in the low micro-molar range. Further structure–activity analyses within the compound class of [2.2]paracyclophanes showed common features that are required for the inhibitory activity of the [2.2]paracyclophane core motif. This study demonstrates that Hydra can serve as a model for small molecule screens targeting the mechanosensory apparatus in native tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hofmann
- Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niharika Garg
- Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Grässle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Vanderheiden
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bruno Gideon Bergheim
- Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany. .,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Suat Özbek
- Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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49
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Das R, Lin LC, Català-Castro F, Malaiwong N, Sanfeliu-Cerdán N, Porta-de-la-Riva M, Pidde A, Krieg M. An asymmetric mechanical code ciphers curvature-dependent proprioceptor activity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg4617. [PMID: 34533987 PMCID: PMC8448456 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg4617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A repetitive gait cycle is an archetypical component within the behavioral repertoire of many animals including humans. It originates from mechanical feedback within proprioceptors to adjust the motor program during locomotion and thus leads to a periodic orbit in a low-dimensional space. Here, we investigate the mechanics, molecules, and neurons responsible for proprioception in Caenorhabditis elegans to gain insight into how mechanosensation shapes the orbital trajectory to a well-defined limit cycle. We used genome editing, force spectroscopy, and multiscale modeling and found that alternating tension and compression with the spectrin network of a single proprioceptor encodes body posture and informs TRP-4/NOMPC and TWK-16/TREK2 homologs of mechanosensitive ion channels during locomotion. In contrast to a widely accepted model of proprioceptive “stretch” reception, we found that proprioceptors activated locally under compressive stresses in-vivo and in-vitro and propose that this property leads to compartmentalized activity within long axons delimited by curvature-dependent mechanical stresses.
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50
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Strittmatter T, Argast P, Buchman P, Krawczyk K, Fussenegger M. Control of gene expression in engineered mammalian cells with a programmable shear-stress inducer. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4751-4759. [PMID: 34506645 PMCID: PMC9292429 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In humans, cellular mechanoperception serves as the basis of touch sensation and proprioception, contributes to the proper programming of cell fate during embryonic development, and plays a pivotal role in the development of mechanosensitive tissues. Molecular mechanoreceptors can respond to their environment by mediating transient adjustments of ion homeostasis, which subsequently trigger calcium-dependent alteration of gene expression via specific signaling pathways such as the nuclear factor of the activated T-cells pathway. Although, mechanoreceptors are potential drug targets for various diseases, current techniques to study mechanically gated processes are often based on custom-tailored microfluidic systems, which require special setups or have limited throughput. Here, we present a platform to characterize shear-stress-triggered, calcium-mediated gene expression, which employs a programmable, 96-well-format, shear-stress induction device to examine the effects of imposing various mechanical loads on mammalian adherent cell lines. The presented method is suitable for high-throughput experiments and provides a large tunable parameter space to optimize conditions for different cell types. Our findings indicate that the device is an effective tool to explore conditions in terms of frequency, intensity, intervals as well as extracellular matrix composition alongside the evaluation of different combinations of mechanosensitive proteins for mechanically activated gene expression. We believe our results can serve as a platform for further investigations into shear stress-controlled gene expression in basic research and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Strittmatter
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Argast
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Buchman
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Krzysztof Krawczyk
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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