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Deshmukh A, Chang K, Cuala J, Vanslembrouck B, Georgia S, Loconte V, White KL. Subcellular Feature-Based Classification of α and β Cells Using Soft X-ray Tomography. Cells 2024; 13:869. [PMID: 38786091 PMCID: PMC11119489 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of α and β cells in pancreatic islets can lead to diabetes. Many questions remain on the subcellular organization of islet cells during the progression of disease. Existing three-dimensional cellular mapping approaches face challenges such as time-intensive sample sectioning and subjective cellular identification. To address these challenges, we have developed a subcellular feature-based classification approach, which allows us to identify α and β cells and quantify their subcellular structural characteristics using soft X-ray tomography (SXT). We observed significant differences in whole-cell morphological and organelle statistics between the two cell types. Additionally, we characterize subtle biophysical differences between individual insulin and glucagon vesicles by analyzing vesicle size and molecular density distributions, which were not previously possible using other methods. These sub-vesicular parameters enable us to predict cell types systematically using supervised machine learning. We also visualize distinct vesicle and cell subtypes using Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) embeddings, which provides us with an innovative approach to explore structural heterogeneity in islet cells. This methodology presents an innovative approach for tracking biologically meaningful heterogeneity in cells that can be applied to any cellular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.D.); (K.C.)
| | - Kevin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.D.); (K.C.)
| | - Janielle Cuala
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.D.); (K.C.)
- Medical Biophysics Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Bieke Vanslembrouck
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Senta Georgia
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Valentina Loconte
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kate L. White
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.D.); (K.C.)
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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2
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Vallat B, Berman HM. Structural highlights of macromolecular complexes and assemblies. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2024; 85:102773. [PMID: 38271778 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The structures of macromolecular assemblies have given us deep insights into cellular processes and have profoundly impacted biological research and drug discovery. We highlight the structures of macromolecular assemblies that have been modeled using integrative and computational methods and describe how open access to these structures from structural archives has empowered the research community. The arsenal of experimental and computational methods for structure determination ensures a future where whole organelles and cells can be modeled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Vallat
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Helen M Berman
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089, USA
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3
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Vallat B, Webb BM, Westbrook JD, Goddard TD, Hanke CA, Graziadei A, Peisach E, Zalevsky A, Sagendorf J, Tangmunarunkit H, Voinea S, Sekharan M, Yu J, Bonvin AAMJJ, DiMaio F, Hummer G, Meiler J, Tajkhorshid E, Ferrin TE, Lawson CL, Leitner A, Rappsilber J, Seidel CAM, Jeffries CM, Burley SK, Hoch JC, Kurisu G, Morris K, Patwardhan A, Velankar S, Schwede T, Trewhella J, Kesselman C, Berman HM, Sali A. IHMCIF: An Extension of the PDBx/mmCIF Data Standard for Integrative Structure Determination Methods. J Mol Biol 2024:168546. [PMID: 38508301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
IHMCIF (github.com/ihmwg/IHMCIF) is a data information framework that supports archiving and disseminating macromolecular structures determined by integrative or hybrid modeling (IHM), and making them Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR). IHMCIF is an extension of the Protein Data Bank Exchange/macromolecular Crystallographic Information Framework (PDBx/mmCIF) that serves as the framework for the Protein Data Bank (PDB) to archive experimentally determined atomic structures of biological macromolecules and their complexes with one another and small molecule ligands (e.g., enzyme cofactors and drugs). IHMCIF serves as the foundational data standard for the PDB-Dev prototype system, developed for archiving and disseminating integrative structures. It utilizes a flexible data representation to describe integrative structures that span multiple spatiotemporal scales and structural states with definitions for restraints from a variety of experimental methods contributing to integrative structural biology. The IHMCIF extension was created with the benefit of considerable community input and recommendations gathered by the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB) Task Force for Integrative or Hybrid Methods (wwpdb.org/task/hybrid). Herein, we describe the development of IHMCIF to support evolving methodologies and ongoing advancements in integrative structural biology. Ultimately, IHMCIF will facilitate the unification of PDB-Dev data and tools with the PDB archive so that integrative structures can be archived and disseminated through PDB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Vallat
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Benjamin M Webb
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, the Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), and the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94157, USA
| | - John D Westbrook
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Thomas D Goddard
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christian A Hanke
- Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Graziadei
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany; Human Technopole, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Ezra Peisach
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Arthur Zalevsky
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, the Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), and the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94157, USA
| | - Jared Sagendorf
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, the Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), and the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94157, USA
| | - Hongsuda Tangmunarunkit
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Serban Voinea
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Monica Sekharan
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jian Yu
- Protein Data Bank Japan, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Alexander A M J J Bonvin
- Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science - Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frank DiMaio
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gerhard Hummer
- Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute for Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jens Meiler
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37221, USA; Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- NIH Resource for Macromolecular Modeling and Visualization, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Thomas E Ferrin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Catherine L Lawson
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Alexander Leitner
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Juri Rappsilber
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany; Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Claus A M Seidel
- Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Cy M Jeffries
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Hamburg Unit, c/o Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen K Burley
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Hoch
- Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank, Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030-3305, USA
| | - Genji Kurisu
- Protein Data Bank Japan, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kyle Morris
- Electron Microscopy Data Bank, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Ardan Patwardhan
- Electron Microscopy Data Bank, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Sameer Velankar
- Protein Data Bank in Europe, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Torsten Schwede
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Computational Structural Biology & SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jill Trewhella
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Carl Kesselman
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen M Berman
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank and the Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089, USA
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, the Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), and the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94157, USA
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4
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McLaughlin MR, Weaver SA, Syed F, Evans-Molina C. Advanced Imaging Techniques for the Characterization of Subcellular Organelle Structure in Pancreatic Islet β Cells. Compr Physiol 2023; 14:5243-5267. [PMID: 38158370 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c230002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects more than 32.3 million individuals in the United States, creating an economic burden of nearly $966 billion in 2021. T2D results from a combination of insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion from the pancreatic β cell. However, genetic and physiologic data indicate that defects in β cell function are the chief determinant of whether an individual with insulin resistance will progress to a diagnosis of T2D. The subcellular organelles of the insulin secretory pathway, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules, play a critical role in maintaining the heavy biosynthetic burden of insulin production, processing, and secretion. In addition, the mitochondria enable the process of insulin release by integrating the metabolism of nutrients into energy output. Advanced imaging techniques are needed to determine how changes in the structure and composition of these organelles contribute to the loss of insulin secretory capacity in the β cell during T2D. Several microscopy techniques, including electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and soft X-ray tomography, have been utilized to investigate the structure-function relationship within the β cell. In this overview article, we will detail the methodology, strengths, and weaknesses of each approach. © 2024 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 14:5243-5267, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline R McLaughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Staci A Weaver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- The Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Farooq Syed
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- The Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- The Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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5
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Chen X, Li Y, Guo M, Xu B, Ma Y, Zhu H, Feng XQ. Polymerization force-regulated actin filament-Arp2/3 complex interaction dominates self-adaptive cell migrations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306512120. [PMID: 37639611 PMCID: PMC10483647 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306512120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells migrate by adapting their leading-edge behaviors to heterogeneous extracellular microenvironments (ECMs) during cancer invasions and immune responses. Yet it remains poorly understood how such complicated dynamic behaviors emerge from millisecond-scale assembling activities of protein molecules, which are hard to probe experimentally. To address this gap, we establish a spatiotemporal "resistance-adaptive propulsion" theory based on the interactions between Arp2/3 complexes and polymerizing actin filaments and a multiscale dynamic modeling system spanning from molecular proteins to the cell. We quantitatively find that cells can accurately self-adapt propulsive forces to overcome heterogeneous ECMs via a resistance-triggered positive feedback mechanism, dominated by polymerization-induced actin filament bending and the bending-regulated actin-Arp2/3 binding. However, for high resistance regions, resistance triggers a negative feedback, hindering branched filament assembly, which adapts cellular morphologies to circumnavigate the obstacles. Strikingly, the synergy of the two opposite feedbacks not only empowers the cell with both powerful and flexible migratory capabilities to deal with complex ECMs but also enables efficient utilization of intracellular proteins by the cell. In addition, we identify that the nature of cell migration velocity depending on ECM history stems from the inherent temporal hysteresis of cytoskeleton remodeling. We also show that directional cell migration is dictated by the competition between the local stiffness of ECMs and the local polymerizing rate of actin network caused by chemotactic cues. Our results reveal that it is the polymerization force-regulated actin filament-Arp2/3 complex binding interaction that dominates self-adaptive cell migrations in complex ECMs, and we provide a predictive theory and a spatiotemporal multiscale modeling system at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindong Chen
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, CardiffCF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - Yuhui Li
- CytoMorpho Lab, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives/CNRS/Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble38054, France
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Bowen Xu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, CardiffCF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - Hanxing Zhu
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, CardiffCF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - Xi-Qiao Feng
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
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6
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Habeck M. Bayesian methods in integrative structure modeling. Biol Chem 2023; 404:741-754. [PMID: 37505205 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in characterizing the structure and dynamics of large biomolecular assemblies and their interactions within the cellular environment. A diverse array of experimental techniques allows us to study biomolecular systems on a variety of length and time scales. These techniques range from imaging with light, X-rays or electrons, to spectroscopic methods, cross-linking mass spectrometry and functional genomics approaches, and are complemented by AI-assisted protein structure prediction methods. A challenge is to integrate all of these data into a model of the system and its functional dynamics. This review focuses on Bayesian approaches to integrative structure modeling. We sketch the principles of Bayesian inference, highlight recent applications to integrative modeling and conclude with a discussion of current challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Habeck
- Microscopic Image Analysis Group, Jena University Hospital, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, d-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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7
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Loconte V, Chen JH, Vanslembrouck B, Ekman AA, McDermott G, Gros MAL, Larabell CA. The Role of Soft X-ray Tomography in Generating Whole-cell Models. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:1170. [PMID: 37613169 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Loconte
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- National Center for X-ray Tomography, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- National Center for X-ray Tomography, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Bieke Vanslembrouck
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- National Center for X-ray Tomography, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Axel A Ekman
- National Center for X-ray Tomography, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- National Center for X-ray Tomography, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Mark A Le Gros
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- National Center for X-ray Tomography, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Carolyn A Larabell
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- National Center for X-ray Tomography, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California, USA
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Mészáros B, Park E, Malinverni D, Sejdiu BI, Immadisetty K, Sandhu M, Lang B, Babu MM. Recent breakthroughs in computational structural biology harnessing the power of sequences and structures. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2023; 80:102608. [PMID: 37182396 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in computational approaches and their integration into structural biology enable tackling increasingly complex questions. Here, we discuss several key areas, highlighting breakthroughs and remaining challenges. Theoretical modeling has provided tools to accurately predict and design protein structures on a scale currently difficult to achieve using experimental approaches. Molecular Dynamics simulations have become faster and more precise, delivering actionable information inaccessible by current experimental methods. Virtual screening workflows allow a high-throughput approach to discover ligands that bind and modulate protein function, while Machine Learning methods enable the design of proteins with new functionalities. Integrative structural biology combines several of these approaches, pushing the frontiers of structural and functional characterization to ever larger systems, advancing towards a complete understanding of the living cell. These breakthroughs will accelerate and significantly impact diverse areas of science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Mészáros
- Department of Structural Biology and Center of Excellence for Data Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
| | - Electa Park
- Department of Structural Biology and Center of Excellence for Data Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
| | - Duccio Malinverni
- Department of Structural Biology and Center of Excellence for Data Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA. https://twitter.com/DucMalinverni
| | - Besian I Sejdiu
- Department of Structural Biology and Center of Excellence for Data Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA. https://twitter.com/bisejdiu
| | - Kalyan Immadisetty
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA. https://twitter.com/k_immadisetty
| | - Manbir Sandhu
- Department of Structural Biology and Center of Excellence for Data Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA. https://twitter.com/M5andhu
| | - Benjamin Lang
- Department of Structural Biology and Center of Excellence for Data Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA. https://twitter.com/langbnj
| | - M Madan Babu
- Department of Structural Biology and Center of Excellence for Data Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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9
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Loconte V, Chen J, Vanslembrouck B, Ekman AA, McDermott G, Le Gros MA, Larabell CA. Soft X-ray tomograms provide a structural basis for whole-cell modeling. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22681. [PMID: 36519968 PMCID: PMC10107707 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200253r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Developing in silico models that accurately reflect a whole, functional cell is an ongoing challenge in biology. Current efforts bring together mathematical models, probabilistic models, visual representations, and data to create a multi-scale description of cellular processes. A realistic whole-cell model requires imaging data since it provides spatial constraints and other critical cellular characteristics that are still impossible to obtain by calculation alone. This review introduces Soft X-ray Tomography (SXT) as a powerful imaging technique to visualize and quantify the mesoscopic (~25 nm spatial scale) organelle landscape in whole cells. SXT generates three-dimensional reconstructions of cellular ultrastructure and provides a measured structural framework for whole-cell modeling. Combining SXT with data from disparate technologies at varying spatial resolutions provides further biochemical details and constraints for modeling cellular mechanisms. We conclude, based on the results discussed here, that SXT provides a foundational dataset for a broad spectrum of whole-cell modeling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Loconte
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- National Center for X‐ray TomographyAdvanced Light SourceBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jian‐Hua Chen
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- National Center for X‐ray TomographyAdvanced Light SourceBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bieke Vanslembrouck
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- National Center for X‐ray TomographyAdvanced Light SourceBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Axel A. Ekman
- National Center for X‐ray TomographyAdvanced Light SourceBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- National Center for X‐ray TomographyAdvanced Light SourceBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mark A. Le Gros
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- National Center for X‐ray TomographyAdvanced Light SourceBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Carolyn A. Larabell
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- National Center for X‐ray TomographyAdvanced Light SourceBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
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10
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Li A, Zhang S, Loconte V, Liu Y, Ekman A, Thompson GJ, Sali A, Stevens RC, White K, Singla J, Sun L. An intensity-based post-processing tool for 3D instance segmentation of organelles in soft X-ray tomograms. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269887. [PMID: 36048824 PMCID: PMC9436087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating the 3D structures and rearrangements of organelles within a single cell is critical for better characterizing cellular function. Imaging approaches such as soft X-ray tomography have been widely applied to reveal a complex subcellular organization involving multiple inter-organelle interactions. However, 3D segmentation of organelle instances has been challenging despite its importance in organelle characterization. Here we propose an intensity-based post-processing tool to identify and separate organelle instances. Our tool separates sphere-like (insulin vesicle) and columnar-shaped organelle instances (mitochondrion) based on the intensity of raw tomograms, semantic segmentation masks, and organelle morphology. We validate our tool using synthetic tomograms of organelles and experimental tomograms of pancreatic β-cells to separate insulin vesicle and mitochondria instances. As compared to the commonly used connected regions labeling, watershed, and watershed + Gaussian filter methods, our tool results in improved accuracy in identifying organelles in the synthetic tomograms and an improved description of organelle structures in β-cell tomograms. In addition, under different experimental treatment conditions, significant changes in volumes and intensities of both insulin vesicle and mitochondrion are observed in our instance results, revealing their potential roles in maintaining normal β-cell function. Our tool is expected to be applicable for improving the instance segmentation of other images obtained from different cell types using multiple imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angdi Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuning Zhang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Valentina Loconte
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Axel Ekman
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Andrej Sali
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Raymond C. Stevens
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Kate White
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KW); (JS); (LS)
| | - Jitin Singla
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
- * E-mail: (KW); (JS); (LS)
| | - Liping Sun
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (KW); (JS); (LS)
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11
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Integrative modeling of the cell. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1213-1221. [PMID: 36017893 PMCID: PMC9909318 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A whole-cell model represents certain aspects of the cell structure and/or function. Due to the high complexity of the cell, an integrative modeling approach is often taken to utilize all available information including experimental data, prior knowledge and prior models. In this review, we summarize an emerging workflow of whole-cell modeling into five steps: (i) gather information; (ii) represent the modeled system into modules; (iii) translate input information into scoring function; (iv) sample the whole-cell model; (v) validate and interpret the model. In particular, we propose the integrative modeling of the cell by combining available (whole-cell) models to maximize the accuracy, precision, and completeness. In addition, we list quantitative predictions of various aspects of cell biology from existing whole-cell models. Moreover, we discuss the remaining challenges and future directions, and highlight the opportunity to establish an integrative spatiotemporal multi-scale whole-cell model based on a community approach.
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12
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Dempsey W, Foster I, Fraser S, Kesselman C. Sharing Begins at Home: How Continuous and Ubiquitous FAIRness Can Enhance Research Productivity and Data Reuse. HARVARD DATA SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 4:10.1162/99608f92.44d21b86. [PMID: 36035065 PMCID: PMC9410569 DOI: 10.1162/99608f92.44d21b86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The broad sharing of research data is widely viewed as critical for the speed, quality, accessibility, and integrity of science. Despite increasing efforts to encourage data sharing, both the quality of shared data and the frequency of data reuse remain stubbornly low. We argue here that a significant reason for this unfortunate state of affairs is that the organization of research results in the findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) form required for reuse is too often deferred to the end of a research project when preparing publications-by which time essential details are no longer accessible. Thus, we propose an approach to research informatics in which FAIR principles are applied continuously, from the inception of a research project and ubiquitously, to every data asset produced by experiment or computation. We suggest that this seemingly challenging task can be made feasible by the adoption of simple tools, such as lightweight identifiers (to ensure that every data asset is findable), packaging methods (to facilitate understanding of data contents), data access methods, and metadata organization and structuring tools (to support schema development and evolution). We use an example from experimental neuroscience to illustrate how these methods can work in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian Foster
- University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory
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13
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Braberg H, Echeverria I, Kaake RM, Sali A, Krogan NJ. From systems to structure - using genetic data to model protein structures. Nat Rev Genet 2022; 23:342-354. [PMID: 35013567 PMCID: PMC8744059 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-021-00441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of genetic variation is a fundamental problem in biology that requires methods to analyse both physical and functional consequences of sequence changes at systems-wide and mechanistic scales. To achieve a systems view, protein interaction networks map which proteins physically interact, while genetic interaction networks inform on the phenotypic consequences of perturbing these protein interactions. Until recently, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie these interactions often required biophysical methods to determine the structures of the proteins involved. The past decade has seen the emergence of new approaches based on coevolution, deep mutational scanning and genome-scale genetic or chemical-genetic interaction mapping that enable modelling of the structures of individual proteins or protein complexes. Here, we review the emerging use of large-scale genetic datasets and deep learning approaches to model protein structures and their interactions, and discuss the integration of structural data from different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Braberg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ignacia Echeverria
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robyn M Kaake
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrej Sali
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Assessing the Effect of Incretin Hormones and Other Insulin Secretagogues on Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function: Review on Mathematical Modelling Approaches. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051060. [PMID: 35625797 PMCID: PMC9138583 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mathematical modelling in glucose metabolism has proven very useful for different reasons. Several models have allowed deeper understanding of the relevant physiological and pathophysiological aspects and promoted new experimental activity to reach increased knowledge of the biological and physiological systems of interest. Glucose metabolism modelling has also proven useful to identify the parameters with specific physiological meaning in single individuals, this being relevant for clinical applications in terms of precision diagnostics or therapy. Among those model-based physiological parameters, an important role resides in those for the assessment of different functional aspects of the pancreatic beta cell. This study focuses on the mathematical models of incretin hormones and other endogenous substances with known effects on insulin secretion and beta-cell function, mainly amino acids, non-esterified fatty acids, and glucagon. We found that there is a relatively large number of mathematical models for the effects on the beta cells of incretin hormones, both at the cellular/organ level or at the higher, whole-body level. In contrast, very few models were identified for the assessment of the effect of other insulin secretagogues. Given the opportunities offered by mathematical modelling, we believe that novel models in the investigated field are certainly advisable.
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15
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Li A, Zhang X, Singla J, White K, Loconte V, Hu C, Zhang C, Li S, Li W, Francis JP, Wang C, Sali A, Sun L, He X, Stevens RC. Auto-segmentation and time-dependent systematic analysis of mesoscale cellular structure in β-cells during insulin secretion. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265567. [PMID: 35324950 PMCID: PMC8947144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mesoscale description of the subcellular organization informs about cellular mechanisms in disease state. However, applications of soft X-ray tomography (SXT), an important approach for characterizing organelle organization, are limited by labor-intensive manual segmentation. Here we report a pipeline for automated segmentation and systematic analysis of SXT tomograms. Our approach combines semantic and first-applied instance segmentation to produce separate organelle masks with high Dice and Recall indexes, followed by analysis of organelle localization based on the radial distribution function. We demonstrated this technique by investigating the organization of INS-1E pancreatic β-cell organization under different treatments at multiple time points. Consistent with a previous analysis of a similar dataset, our results revealed the impact of glucose stimulation on the localization and molecular density of insulin vesicles and mitochondria. This pipeline can be extended to SXT tomograms of any cell type to shed light on the subcellular rearrangements under different drug treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angdi Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jitin Singla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Kate White
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Valentina Loconte
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyang Hu
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuyu Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuailin Li
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - John Paul Francis
- Department of Computer Science, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Chenxi Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Andrej Sali
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Liping Sun
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (LS); (XH); (RCS)
| | - Xuming He
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (LS); (XH); (RCS)
| | - Raymond C. Stevens
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LS); (XH); (RCS)
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16
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Loconte V, Singla J, Li A, Chen JH, Ekman A, McDermott G, Sali A, Le Gros M, White KL, Larabell CA. Soft X-ray tomography to map and quantify organelle interactions at the mesoscale. Structure 2022; 30:510-521.e3. [PMID: 35148829 PMCID: PMC9013509 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inter-organelle interactions are a vital part of normal cellular function; however, these have proven difficult to quantify due to the range of scales encountered in cell biology and the throughput limitations of traditional imaging approaches. Here, we demonstrate that soft X-ray tomography (SXT) can be used to rapidly map ultrastructural reorganization and inter-organelle interactions in intact cells. SXT takes advantage of the naturally occurring, differential X-ray absorption of the carbon-rich compounds in each organelle. Specifically, we use SXT to map the spatiotemporal evolution of insulin vesicles and their co-localization and interaction with mitochondria in pancreatic β cells during insulin secretion and in response to different stimuli. We quantify changes in the morphology, biochemical composition, and relative position of mitochondria and insulin vesicles. These findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive and unbiased mapping at the mesoscale to characterize cell reorganization that would be difficult to detect with other existing methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Loconte
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jitin Singla
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Angdi Li
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Axel Ekman
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, California Institute of Quantitative Bioscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Mark Le Gros
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kate L White
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Carolyn A Larabell
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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17
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Maritan M, Autin L, Karr J, Covert MW, Olson AJ, Goodsell DS. Building Structural Models of a Whole Mycoplasma Cell. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167351. [PMID: 34774566 PMCID: PMC8752489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Building structural models of entire cells has been a long-standing cross-discipline challenge for the research community, as it requires an unprecedented level of integration between multiple sources of biological data and enhanced methods for computational modeling and visualization. Here, we present the first 3D structural models of an entire Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) cell, built using the CellPACK suite of computational modeling tools. Our model recapitulates the data described in recent whole-cell system biology simulations and provides a structural representation for all MG proteins, DNA and RNA molecules, obtained by combining experimental and homology-modeled structures and lattice-based models of the genome. We establish a framework for gathering, curating and evaluating these structures, exposing current weaknesses of modeling methods and the boundaries of MG structural knowledge, and visualization methods to explore functional characteristics of the genome and proteome. We compare two approaches for data gathering, a manually-curated workflow and an automated workflow that uses homologous structures, both of which are appropriate for the analysis of mesoscale properties such as crowding and volume occupancy. Analysis of model quality provides estimates of the regularization that will be required when these models are used as starting points for atomic molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Maritan
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA. https://twitter.com/MartinaMaritan
| | - Ludovic Autin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA. https://twitter.com/grinche
| | - Jonathan Karr
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Markus W Covert
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Arthur J Olson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
| | - David S Goodsell
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA; RCSB Protein Data Bank and Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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18
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Integrative structural modelling and visualisation of a cellular organelle. QRB DISCOVERY 2022. [PMID: 37529283 PMCID: PMC10392685 DOI: 10.1017/qrd.2022.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Models of insulin secretory vesicles from pancreatic beta cells have been created using the cellPACK suite of tools to research, curate, construct and visualise the current state of knowledge. The model integrates experimental information from proteomics, structural biology, cryoelectron microscopy and X-ray tomography, and is used to generate models of mature and immature vesicles. A new method was developed to generate a confidence score that reconciles inconsistencies between three available proteomes using expert annotations of cellular localisation. The models are used to simulate soft X-ray tomograms, allowing quantification of features that are observed in experimental tomograms, and in turn, allowing interpretation of X-ray tomograms at the molecular level.
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19
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A new visual design language for biological structures in a cell. Structure 2022; 30:485-497.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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20
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Loconte V, White KL. The use of soft X-ray tomography to explore mitochondrial structure and function. Mol Metab 2021; 57:101421. [PMID: 34942399 PMCID: PMC8829759 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are cellular organelles responsible for energy production, and dysregulation of the mitochondrial network is associated with many disease states. To fully characterize the mitochondrial network's structure and function, a three-dimensional whole cell mapping technique is required. Scope of review This review highlights the use of soft X-ray tomography (SXT) as a relatively high-throughput approach to quantify mitochondrial structure and function under multiple cellular conditions. Major conclusions The use of SXT opens the door for mapping cellular rearrangements during critical processes such as insulin secretion, stem cell differentiation, or disease progression. SXT provides unique information such as biochemical compositions or molecular densities of organelles and allows for unbiased, label-free imaging of intact whole cells. Mapping mitochondria in the context of the near-native cellular environment will reveal more information regarding mitochondrial network functions within the cell. Soft X-ray tomography (SXT) generates 3D organelle maps of intact cells. 3D maps reveal the positions of mitochondria and their molecular densities. SXT can be used to quantify and compare organelle contacts between conditions. SXT is unbiased imaging that identifies the contents of subcellular neighborhoods. SXT provides an exciting path for exploring metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Loconte
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, CA 94143; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kate L White
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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21
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Graziadei A, Rappsilber J. Leveraging crosslinking mass spectrometry in structural and cell biology. Structure 2021; 30:37-54. [PMID: 34895473 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Crosslinking mass spectrometry (crosslinking-MS) is a versatile tool providing structural insights into protein conformation and protein-protein interactions. Its medium-resolution residue-residue distance restraints have been used to validate protein structures proposed by other methods and have helped derive models of protein complexes by integrative structural biology approaches. The use of crosslinking-MS in integrative approaches is underpinned by progress in estimating error rates in crosslinking-MS data and in combining these data with other information. The flexible and high-throughput nature of crosslinking-MS has allowed it to complement the ongoing resolution revolution in electron microscopy by providing system-wide residue-residue distance restraints, especially for flexible regions or systems. Here, we review how crosslinking-MS information has been leveraged in structural model validation and integrative modeling. Crosslinking-MS has also been a key technology for cell biology studies and structural systems biology where, in conjunction with cryoelectron tomography, it can provide structural and mechanistic insights directly in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Graziadei
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Juri Rappsilber
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK.
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22
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Vallat B, Webb B, Fayazi M, Voinea S, Tangmunarunkit H, Ganesan SJ, Lawson CL, Westbrook JD, Kesselman C, Sali A, Berman HM. New system for archiving integrative structures. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:1486-1496. [PMID: 34866606 PMCID: PMC8647179 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798321010871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Structures of many complex biological assemblies are increasingly determined using integrative approaches, in which data from multiple experimental methods are combined. A standalone system, called PDB-Dev, has been developed for archiving integrative structures and making them publicly available. Here, the data standards and software tools that support PDB-Dev are described along with the new and updated components of the PDB-Dev data-collection, processing and archiving infrastructure. Following the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) principles, PDB-Dev ensures that the results of integrative structure determinations are freely accessible to everyone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Vallat
- RCSB PDB, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Benjamin Webb
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Maryam Fayazi
- RCSB PDB, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Serban Voinea
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hongsuda Tangmunarunkit
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sai J. Ganesan
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Catherine L. Lawson
- RCSB PDB, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - John D. Westbrook
- RCSB PDB, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Carl Kesselman
- RCSB PDB, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Helen M. Berman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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Raveh B, Sun L, White KL, Sanyal T, Tempkin J, Zheng D, Bharath K, Singla J, Wang C, Zhao J, Li A, Graham NA, Kesselman C, Stevens RC, Sali A. Bayesian metamodeling of complex biological systems across varying representations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2104559118. [PMID: 34453000 PMCID: PMC8536362 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104559118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive modeling of a whole cell requires an integration of vast amounts of information on various aspects of the cell and its parts. To divide and conquer this task, we introduce Bayesian metamodeling, a general approach to modeling complex systems by integrating a collection of heterogeneous input models. Each input model can in principle be based on any type of data and can describe a different aspect of the modeled system using any mathematical representation, scale, and level of granularity. These input models are 1) converted to a standardized statistical representation relying on probabilistic graphical models, 2) coupled by modeling their mutual relations with the physical world, and 3) finally harmonized with respect to each other. To illustrate Bayesian metamodeling, we provide a proof-of-principle metamodel of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by human pancreatic β-cells. The input models include a coarse-grained spatiotemporal simulation of insulin vesicle trafficking, docking, and exocytosis; a molecular network model of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion signaling; a network model of insulin metabolism; a structural model of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation; a linear model of a pancreatic cell population; and ordinary differential equations for systemic postprandial insulin response. Metamodeling benefits from decentralized computing, while often producing a more accurate, precise, and complete model that contextualizes input models as well as resolves conflicting information. We anticipate Bayesian metamodeling will facilitate collaborative science by providing a framework for sharing expertise, resources, data, and models, as exemplified by the Pancreatic β-Cell Consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barak Raveh
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190416, Israel
| | - Liping Sun
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Kate L White
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Tanmoy Sanyal
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Jeremy Tempkin
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Dongqing Zheng
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Kala Bharath
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Jitin Singla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- Information Science Institute, The Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Chenxi Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jihui Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Angdi Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Nicholas A Graham
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Carl Kesselman
- Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- Information Science Institute, The Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158;
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
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24
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O'Donoghue SI. Grand Challenges in Bioinformatics Data Visualization. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2021; 1:669186. [PMID: 36303723 PMCID: PMC9581027 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2021.669186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seán I. O'Donoghue
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- CSIRO Data61, Eveleigh, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Seán I. O'Donoghue,
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25
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Schaffer LV, Ideker T. Mapping the multiscale structure of biological systems. Cell Syst 2021; 12:622-635. [PMID: 34139169 PMCID: PMC8245186 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems are by nature multiscale, consisting of subsystems that factor into progressively smaller units in a deeply hierarchical structure. At any level of the hierarchy, an ever-increasing diversity of technologies can be applied to characterize the corresponding biological units and their relations, resulting in large networks of physical or functional proximities-e.g., proximities of amino acids within a protein, of proteins within a complex, or of cell types within a tissue. Here, we review general concepts and progress in using network proximity measures as a basis for creation of multiscale hierarchical maps of biological systems. We discuss the functionalization of these maps to create predictive models, including those useful in translation of genotype to phenotype, along with strategies for model visualization and challenges faced by multiscale modeling in the near future. Collectively, these approaches enable a unified hierarchical approach to biological data, with application from the molecular to the macroscopic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah V Schaffer
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Trey Ideker
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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26
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Sali A. From integrative structural biology to cell biology. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100743. [PMID: 33957123 PMCID: PMC8203844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrative modeling is an increasingly important tool in structural biology, providing structures by combining data from varied experimental methods and prior information. As a result, molecular architectures of large, heterogeneous, and dynamic systems, such as the ∼52-MDa Nuclear Pore Complex, can be mapped with useful accuracy, precision, and completeness. Key challenges in improving integrative modeling include expanding model representations, increasing the variety of input data and prior information, quantifying a match between input information and a model in a Bayesian fashion, inventing more efficient structural sampling, as well as developing better model validation, analysis, and visualization. In addition, two community-level challenges in integrative modeling are being addressed under the auspices of the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB). First, the impact of integrative structures is maximized by PDB-Development, a prototype wwPDB repository for archiving, validating, visualizing, and disseminating integrative structures. Second, the scope of structural biology is expanded by linking the wwPDB resource for integrative structures with archives of data that have not been generally used for structure determination but are increasingly important for computing integrative structures, such as data from various types of mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, optical microscopy, proteomics, and genetics. To address the largest of modeling problems, a type of integrative modeling called metamodeling is being developed; metamodeling combines different types of input models as opposed to different types of data to compute an output model. Collectively, these developments will facilitate the structural biology mindset in cell biology and underpin spatiotemporal mapping of the entire cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Sali
- Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, the Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, the Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), and the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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27
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Braberg H, Echeverria I, Bohn S, Cimermancic P, Shiver A, Alexander R, Xu J, Shales M, Dronamraju R, Jiang S, Dwivedi G, Bogdanoff D, Chaung KK, Hüttenhain R, Wang S, Mavor D, Pellarin R, Schneidman D, Bader JS, Fraser JS, Morris J, Haber JE, Strahl BD, Gross CA, Dai J, Boeke JD, Sali A, Krogan NJ. Genetic interaction mapping informs integrative structure determination of protein complexes. Science 2020; 370:eaaz4910. [PMID: 33303586 PMCID: PMC7946025 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz4910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Determining structures of protein complexes is crucial for understanding cellular functions. Here, we describe an integrative structure determination approach that relies on in vivo measurements of genetic interactions. We construct phenotypic profiles for point mutations crossed against gene deletions or exposed to environmental perturbations, followed by converting similarities between two profiles into an upper bound on the distance between the mutated residues. We determine the structure of the yeast histone H3-H4 complex based on ~500,000 genetic interactions of 350 mutants. We then apply the method to subunits Rpb1-Rpb2 of yeast RNA polymerase II and subunits RpoB-RpoC of bacterial RNA polymerase. The accuracy is comparable to that based on chemical cross-links; using restraints from both genetic interactions and cross-links further improves model accuracy and precision. The approach provides an efficient means to augment integrative structure determination with in vivo observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Braberg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ignacia Echeverria
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Stefan Bohn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Peter Cimermancic
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Anthony Shiver
- Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Richard Alexander
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jiewei Xu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Michael Shales
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Raghuvar Dronamraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shuangying Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gajendradhar Dwivedi
- Department of Biology and Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Derek Bogdanoff
- Center for Advanced Technology, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kaitlin K Chaung
- Center for Advanced Technology, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ruth Hüttenhain
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David Mavor
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Riccardo Pellarin
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Dina Schneidman
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joel S Bader
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - James S Fraser
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - John Morris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - James E Haber
- Department of Biology and Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Brian D Strahl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Carol A Gross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Junbiao Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jef D Boeke
- NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.
- High Throughput Biology Center and Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Andrej Sali
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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28
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Zhang X, Carter SD, Singla J, White KL, Butler PC, Stevens RC, Jensen GJ. Visualizing insulin vesicle neighborhoods in β cells by cryo-electron tomography. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabc8258. [PMID: 33298442 PMCID: PMC7725471 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc8258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Subcellular neighborhoods, comprising specific ratios of organelles and proteins, serve a multitude of biological functions and are of particular importance in secretory cells. However, the role of subcellular neighborhoods in insulin vesicle maturation is poorly understood. Here, we present single-cell multiple distinct tomogram acquisitions of β cells for in situ visualization of distinct subcellular neighborhoods that are involved in the insulin vesicle secretory pathway. We propose that these neighborhoods play an essential role in the specific function of cellular material. In the regions where we observed insulin vesicles, a measurable increase in both the fraction of cellular volume occupied by vesicles and the average size (diameter) of the vesicles was apparent as sampling moved from the area near the nucleus toward the plasma membrane. These findings describe the important role of the nanometer-scale organization of subcellular neighborhoods on insulin vesicle maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Stephen D Carter
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jitin Singla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Kate L White
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Peter C Butler
- Larry Hillblom Islet Research Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Grant J Jensen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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29
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White KL, Singla J, Loconte V, Chen JH, Ekman A, Sun L, Zhang X, Francis JP, Li A, Lin W, Tseng K, McDermott G, Alber F, Sali A, Larabell C, Stevens RC. Visualizing subcellular rearrangements in intact β cells using soft x-ray tomography. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabc8262. [PMID: 33298443 PMCID: PMC7725475 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc8262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing relationships between cell structures and functions requires mesoscale mapping of intact cells showing subcellular rearrangements following stimulation; however, current approaches are limited in this regard. Here, we report a unique application of soft x-ray tomography to generate three-dimensional reconstructions of whole pancreatic β cells at different time points following glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Reconstructions following stimulation showed distinct insulin vesicle distribution patterns reflective of altered vesicle pool sizes as they travel through the secretory pathway. Our results show that glucose stimulation caused rapid changes in biochemical composition and/or density of insulin packing, increased mitochondrial volume, and closer proximity of insulin vesicles to mitochondria. Costimulation with exendin-4 (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) prolonged these effects and increased insulin packaging efficiency and vesicle maturation. This study provides unique perspectives on the coordinated structural reorganization and interactions of organelles that dictate cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L White
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jitin Singla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Valentina Loconte
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Axel Ekman
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Liping Sun
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xianjun Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - John Paul Francis
- Department of Computer Science, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Angdi Li
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wen Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Kaylee Tseng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Frank Alber
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andrej Sali
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Carolyn Larabell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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30
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Shen Y, Feng F, Sun H, Li G, Xiang Z. Quantitative and network pharmacology: A case study of rhein alleviating pathological progress of renal interstitial fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113106. [PMID: 32553981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The current network pharmacology model focuses mainly on static and qualitative characterisation between drugs and targets or molecular pathway networks, but it does not reflect the multi-scale, dynamic and quantitative process of drug action. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we developed a new model known as quantitative and network pharmacology (QNP) to characterise the dynamic and quantitative interventions of drugs within a multi-scale biological network. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, we used a systems biology method to construct a molecule-cell dynamic network model to simulate the pathological processes of diseases. Secondly, according to the principles of enzymatic kinetics, we generated a multi-scale drug intervention model to simulate the intervention of drugs in multi-scale networks at different concentrations and pathological stages. Finally, we took rhein treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) as an example to illustrate the QNP model. RESULTS We successfully constructed the a QNP model that includes both a multi-scale dynamic network disease model and drug intervention model. The QNP model accurately simulated the pathological process of RIF, and the simulation results were validated by a series of cell and animal experiments. Meanwhile, the QNP model demonstrated that rhein can delay the pathological process at the studied concentrations of 5 nM, 10 nM, and 20 nM, and can also exert a better therapeutic effect on fibrosis before the proliferation stage of RIF. Furthermore, through uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, we identified that FAK and Smad3 may be potential targets for RIF. CONCLUSION Our QNP model provides a molecular-cellular understanding of the pathological mechanisms of RIF, serving as a new approach and strategy for the construction of dynamic multi-scale network model of diseases and drug intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Pharmaceutical Department, Ningbo Women & Children's Hospital, Ningbo, 315012, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Hao Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Pharmacy Department, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guowei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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31
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Predictive assembling model reveals the self-adaptive elastic properties of lamellipodial actin networks for cell migration. Commun Biol 2020; 3:616. [PMID: 33106551 PMCID: PMC7588425 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched actin network supports cell migration through extracellular microenvironments. However, it is unknown how intracellular proteins adapt the elastic properties of the network to the highly varying extracellular resistance. Here we develop a three-dimensional assembling model to simulate the realistic self-assembling process of the network by encompassing intracellular proteins and their dynamic interactions. Combining this multiscale model with finite element method, we reveal that the network can not only sense the variation of extracellular resistance but also self-adapt its elastic properties through remodeling with intracellular proteins. Such resistance-adaptive elastic behaviours are versatile and essential in supporting cell migration through varying extracellular microenvironments. The bending deformation mechanism and anisotropic Poisson's ratios determine why lamellipodia persistently evolve into sheet-like structures. Our predictions are confirmed by published experiments. The revealed self-adaptive elastic properties of the networks are also applicable to the endocytosis, phagocytosis, vesicle trafficking, intracellular pathogen transport and dendritic spine formation.
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32
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Turk M, Baumeister W. The promise and the challenges of cryo-electron tomography. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3243-3261. [PMID: 33020915 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Structural biologists have traditionally approached cellular complexity in a reductionist manner in which the cellular molecular components are fractionated and purified before being studied individually. This 'divide and conquer' approach has been highly successful. However, awareness has grown in recent years that biological functions can rarely be attributed to individual macromolecules. Most cellular functions arise from their concerted action, and there is thus a need for methods enabling structural studies performed in situ, ideally in unperturbed cellular environments. Cryo-electron tomography (Cryo-ET) combines the power of 3D molecular-level imaging with the best structural preservation that is physically possible to achieve. Thus, it has a unique potential to reveal the supramolecular architecture or 'molecular sociology' of cells and to discover the unexpected. Here, we review state-of-the-art Cryo-ET workflows, provide examples of biological applications, and discuss what is needed to realize the full potential of Cryo-ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Turk
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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33
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Marucci L, Barberis M, Karr J, Ray O, Race PR, de Souza Andrade M, Grierson C, Hoffmann SA, Landon S, Rech E, Rees-Garbutt J, Seabrook R, Shaw W, Woods C. Computer-Aided Whole-Cell Design: Taking a Holistic Approach by Integrating Synthetic With Systems Biology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:942. [PMID: 32850764 PMCID: PMC7426639 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Computer-aided design (CAD) for synthetic biology promises to accelerate the rational and robust engineering of biological systems. It requires both detailed and quantitative mathematical and experimental models of the processes to (re)design biology, and software and tools for genetic engineering and DNA assembly. Ultimately, the increased precision in the design phase will have a dramatic impact on the production of designer cells and organisms with bespoke functions and increased modularity. CAD strategies require quantitative models of cells that can capture multiscale processes and link genotypes to phenotypes. Here, we present a perspective on how whole-cell, multiscale models could transform design-build-test-learn cycles in synthetic biology. We show how these models could significantly aid in the design and learn phases while reducing experimental testing by presenting case studies spanning from genome minimization to cell-free systems. We also discuss several challenges for the realization of our vision. The possibility to describe and build whole-cells in silico offers an opportunity to develop increasingly automatized, precise and accessible CAD tools and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Marucci
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Bristol Centre for Synthetic Biology (BrisSynBio), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Barberis
- Systems Biology, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.,Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.,Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Karr
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Oliver Ray
- Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Race
- Bristol Centre for Synthetic Biology (BrisSynBio), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel de Souza Andrade
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation/National Institute of Science and Technology - Synthetic Biology, Brasília, Brazil.,Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Claire Grierson
- Bristol Centre for Synthetic Biology (BrisSynBio), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Andreas Hoffmann
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Landon
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Bristol Centre for Synthetic Biology (BrisSynBio), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Elibio Rech
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation/National Institute of Science and Technology - Synthetic Biology, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Joshua Rees-Garbutt
- Bristol Centre for Synthetic Biology (BrisSynBio), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Seabrook
- Elizabeth Blackwell Institute for Health Research (EBI), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - William Shaw
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Woods
- Bristol Centre for Synthetic Biology (BrisSynBio), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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34
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Berman HM, Vallat B, Lawson CL. The data universe of structural biology. IUCRJ 2020; 7:630-638. [PMID: 32695409 PMCID: PMC7340255 DOI: 10.1107/s205225252000562x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Protein Data Bank (PDB) has grown from a small data resource for crystallographers to a worldwide resource serving structural biology. The history of the growth of the PDB and the role that the community has played in developing standards and policies are described. This article also illustrates how other biophysics communities are collaborating with the worldwide PDB to create a network of interoperating data resources. This network will expand the capabilities of structural biology and enable the determination and archiving of increasingly complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Berman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Brinda Vallat
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Catherine L. Lawson
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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35
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Tokuhisa A, Kanada R, Chiba S, Terayama K, Isaka Y, Ma B, Kamiya N, Okuno Y. Coarse-Grained Diffraction Template Matching Model to Retrieve Multiconformational Models for Biomolecule Structures from Noisy Diffraction Patterns. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:2803-2818. [PMID: 32469517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomolecular imaging using X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has been successfully applied to serial femtosecond crystallography. However, the application of single-particle analysis for structure determination using XFELs with 100 nm or smaller biomolecules has two practical problems: the incomplete diffraction data sets for reconstructing 3D assembled structures and the heterogeneous conformational states of samples. A new diffraction template matching method is thus presented here to retrieve a plausible 3D structural model based on single noisy target diffraction patterns, assuming candidate structures. Two concepts are introduced here: prompt candidate diffraction, generated by enhanced sampled coarse-grain (CG) candidate structures, and efficient molecular orientation searching for matching based on Bayesian optimization. A CG model-based diffraction-matching protocol is proposed that achieves a 100-fold speed increase compared to exhaustive diffraction matching using an all-atom model. The conditions that enable multiconformational analysis were also investigated by simulated diffraction data for various conformational states of chromatin and ribosomes. The proposed method can enable multiconformational analysis, with a structural resolution of at least 20 Å for 270-800 Å flexible biomolecules, in experimental single-particle structure analyses that employ XFELs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tokuhisa
- RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Computational Science, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.,RIKEN Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ryo Kanada
- RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Chiba
- RIKEN Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kei Terayama
- RIKEN Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihombashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuta Isaka
- RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.,Center for Cluster Development and Coordination, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Biao Ma
- RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.,Center for Cluster Development and Coordination, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Narutoshi Kamiya
- Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo, 7-1-28, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okuno
- RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.,RIKEN Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Center for Cluster Development and Coordination, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, 6-3-5, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
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36
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Goodsell DS, Olson AJ, Forli S. Art and Science of the Cellular Mesoscale. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:472-483. [PMID: 32413324 PMCID: PMC7230070 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Experimental information from microscopy, structural biology, and bioinformatics may be integrated to build structural models of entire cells with molecular detail. This integrative modeling is challenging in several ways: the intrinsic complexity of biology results in models with many closely packed and heterogeneous components; the wealth of available experimental data is scattered among multiple resources and must be gathered, reconciled, and curated; and computational infrastructure is only now gaining the capability of modeling and visualizing systems of this complexity. We present recent efforts to address these challenges, both with artistic approaches to depicting the cellular mesoscale, and development and application of methods to build quantitative models.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Goodsell
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Arthur J Olson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Stefano Forli
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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37
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Roel-Touris J, Bonvin AM. Coarse-grained (hybrid) integrative modeling of biomolecular interactions. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1182-1190. [PMID: 32514329 PMCID: PMC7264466 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The computational modeling field has vastly evolved over the past decades. The early developments of simplified protein systems represented a stepping stone towards establishing more efficient approaches to sample intricated conformational landscapes. Downscaling the level of resolution of biomolecules to coarser representations allows for studying protein structure, dynamics and interactions that are not accessible by classical atomistic approaches. The combination of different resolutions, namely hybrid modeling, has also been proved as an alternative when mixed levels of details are required. In this review, we provide an overview of coarse-grained/hybrid models focusing on their applicability in the modeling of biomolecular interactions. We give a detailed list of ready-to-use modeling software for studying biomolecular interactions allowing various levels of coarse-graining and provide examples of complexes determined by integrative coarse-grained/hybrid approaches in combination with experimental information.
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38
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Autin L, Maritan M, Barbaro BA, Gardner A, Olson AJ, Sanner M, Goodsell DS. Mesoscope: A Web-based Tool for Mesoscale Data Integration and Curation. MOLVA : WORKSHOP ON MOLECULAR GRAPHICS AND VISUAL ANALYSIS OF MOLECULAR DATA 2020 2020; 2020:23-31. [PMID: 37928321 PMCID: PMC10624244 DOI: 10.2312/molva.20201098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Interest is growing for 3D models of the biological mesoscale, the intermediate scale between the nanometer scale of molecular structure and micrometer scale of cellular biology. However, it is currently difficult to gather, curate and integrate all the data required to define such models. To address this challenge we developed Mesoscope (mesoscope.scripps.edu/beta), a web-based data integration and curation tool. Mesoscope allows users to begin with a listing of molecules (such as data from proteomics), and to use resources at UniProt and the PDB to identify, prepare and validate appropriate structures and representations for each molecule, ultimately producing a portable output file used by CellPACK and other modeling tools for generation of 3D models of the biological mesoscale. The availability of this tool has proven essential in several exploratory applications, given the high complexity of mesoscale models and the heterogeneity of the available data sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Autin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - M Maritan
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - B A Barbaro
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - A Gardner
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - A J Olson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - M Sanner
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - D S Goodsell
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- RCSB Protein Data Bank and Center for Integrative Proteomics Research, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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39
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Sommer ME, Selent J, Carlsson J, De Graaf C, Gloriam DE, Keseru GM, Kosloff M, Mordalski S, Rizk A, Rosenkilde MM, Sotelo E, Tiemann JKS, Tobin A, Vardjan N, Waldhoer M, Kolb P. The European Research Network on Signal Transduction (ERNEST): Toward a Multidimensional Holistic Understanding of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:361-370. [PMID: 32296774 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are intensively studied due to their therapeutic potential as drug targets. Members of this large family of transmembrane receptor proteins mediate signal transduction in diverse cell types and play key roles in human physiology and health. In 2013 the research consortium GLISTEN (COST Action CM1207) was founded with the goal of harnessing the substantial growth in knowledge of GPCR structure and dynamics to push forward the development of molecular modulators of GPCR function. The success of GLISTEN, coupled with new findings and paradigm shifts in the field, led in 2019 to the creation of a related consortium called ERNEST (COST Action CA18133). ERNEST broadens focus to entire signaling cascades, based on emerging ideas of how complexity and specificity in signal transduction are not determined by receptor-ligand interactions alone. A holistic approach that unites the diverse data and perspectives of the research community into a single multidimensional map holds great promise for improved drug design and therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha E Sommer
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, 13125, Germany
| | - Jana Selent
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) - Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Jens Carlsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 752 36, Sweden
| | | | - David E Gloriam
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 1017, Denmark
| | - Gyorgy M Keseru
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences (RCNS), Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Mickey Kosloff
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Stefan Mordalski
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 1017, Denmark.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, 31-343, Poland
| | - Aurelien Rizk
- InterAx Biotech AG, PARK innovAARE, Villigen, 5234, Switzerland
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK 2200, Denmark
| | - Eddy Sotelo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica y Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Facultade de Farmacia. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Johanna K S Tiemann
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, 04109, Germany.,Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, 2200, Denmark
| | - Andrew Tobin
- The Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.,Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Maria Waldhoer
- InterAx Biotech AG, PARK innovAARE, Villigen, 5234, Switzerland
| | - Peter Kolb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, 35039, Germany
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40
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Rout MP, Sali A. Principles for Integrative Structural Biology Studies. Cell 2020; 177:1384-1403. [PMID: 31150619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Integrative structure determination is a powerful approach to modeling the structures of biological systems based on data produced by multiple experimental and theoretical methods, with implications for our understanding of cellular biology and drug discovery. This Primer introduces the theory and methods of integrative approaches, emphasizing the kinds of data that can be effectively included in developing models and using the nuclear pore complex as an example to illustrate the practice and challenges involved. These guidelines are intended to aid the researcher in understanding and applying integrative structural methods to systems of their interest and thus take advantage of this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Rout
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, Suite 503B, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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41
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Abstract
Comprehensive data about the composition and structure of cellular components have enabled the construction of quantitative whole-cell models. While kinetic network-type models have been established, it is also becoming possible to build physical, molecular-level models of cellular environments. This review outlines challenges in constructing and simulating such models and discusses near- and long-term opportunities for developing physical whole-cell models that can connect molecular structure with biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Feig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA;
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Function Simulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuji Sugita
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Function Simulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
- Theoretical Molecular Science Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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42
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Martinez X, Krone M, Alharbi N, Rose AS, Laramee RS, O'Donoghue S, Baaden M, Chavent M. Molecular Graphics: Bridging Structural Biologists and Computer Scientists. Structure 2019; 27:1617-1623. [PMID: 31564470 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Visualization of molecular structures is one of the most common tasks carried out by structural biologists, typically using software, such as Chimera, COOT, PyMOL, or VMD. In this Perspective article, we outline how past developments in computer graphics and data visualization have expanded the understanding of biomolecular function, and we summarize recent advances that promise to further transform structural biology. We also highlight how progress in molecular graphics has been impeded by communication barriers between two communities: the computer scientists driving these advances, and the structural and computational biologists who stand to benefit. By pointing to canonical papers and explaining technical progress underlying new graphical developments in simple terms, we aim to improve communication between these communities; this, in turn, would help shape future developments in molecular graphics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Martinez
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, CNRS, UPR9080, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | - Michael Krone
- Big Data Visual Analytics in Life Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Naif Alharbi
- Department of Computer Science, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander S Rose
- RCSB Protein Data Bank, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Robert S Laramee
- Department of Computer Science, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Sean O'Donoghue
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia; CSIRO Data61, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marc Baaden
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, CNRS, UPR9080, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Chavent
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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43
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Weinhardt V, Chen JH, Ekman A, McDermott G, Le Gros MA, Larabell C. Imaging cell morphology and physiology using X-rays. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:489-508. [PMID: 30952801 PMCID: PMC6716605 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Morphometric measurements, such as quantifying cell shape, characterizing sub-cellular organization, and probing cell-cell interactions, are fundamental in cell biology and clinical medicine. Until quite recently, the main source of morphometric data on cells has been light- and electron-based microscope images. However, many technological advances have propelled X-ray microscopy into becoming another source of high-quality morphometric information. Here, we review the status of X-ray microscopy as a quantitative biological imaging modality. We also describe the combination of X-ray microscopy data with information from other modalities to generate polychromatic views of biological systems. For example, the amalgamation of molecular localization data, from fluorescence microscopy or spectromicroscopy, with structural information from X-ray tomography. This combination of data from the same specimen generates a more complete picture of the system than that can be obtained by a single microscopy method. Such multimodal combinations greatly enhance our understanding of biology by combining physiological and morphological data to create models that more accurately reflect the complexities of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venera Weinhardt
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
| | - Axel Ekman
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
| | - Mark A Le Gros
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Carolyn Larabell
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
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44
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Ilie IM, Caflisch A. Simulation Studies of Amyloidogenic Polypeptides and Their Aggregates. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6956-6993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioana M. Ilie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Amedeo Caflisch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
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45
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Xu M, Singla J, Tocheva EI, Chang YW, Stevens RC, Jensen GJ, Alber F. De Novo Structural Pattern Mining in Cellular Electron Cryotomograms. Structure 2019; 27:679-691.e14. [PMID: 30744995 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electron cryotomography enables 3D visualization of cells in a near-native state at molecular resolution. The produced cellular tomograms contain detailed information about a plethora of macromolecular complexes, their structures, abundances, and specific spatial locations in the cell. However, extracting this information in a systematic way is very challenging, and current methods usually rely on individual templates of known structures. Here, we propose a framework called "Multi-Pattern Pursuit" for de novo discovery of different complexes from highly heterogeneous sets of particles extracted from entire cellular tomograms without using information of known structures. These initially detected structures can then serve as input for more targeted refinement efforts. Our tests on simulated and experimental tomograms show that our automated method is a promising tool for supporting large-scale template-free visual proteomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Jitin Singla
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Quantitative and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Elitza I Tocheva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yi-Wei Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Grant J Jensen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Frank Alber
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Quantitative and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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46
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Goodsell DS, Franzen MA, Herman T. From Atoms to Cells: Using Mesoscale Landscapes to Construct Visual Narratives. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3954-3968. [PMID: 29885327 PMCID: PMC6186495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Modeling and visualization of the cellular mesoscale, bridging the nanometer scale of molecules to the micrometer scale of cells, is being studied by an integrative approach. Data from structural biology, proteomics, and microscopy are combined to simulate the molecular structure of living cells. These cellular landscapes are used as research tools for hypothesis generation and testing, and to present visual narratives of the cellular context of molecular biology for dissemination, education, and outreach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Goodsell
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; RCSB Protein Data Bank & Center for Integrative Proteomics Research, Rutgers State University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Margaret A Franzen
- Center for BioMolecular Modeling, Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA
| | - Tim Herman
- Center for BioMolecular Modeling, Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA
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