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Bao Y, Tong C, Xiong X. CXCL3: A key player in tumor microenvironment and inflammatory diseases. Life Sci 2024; 348:122691. [PMID: 38714265 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
CXCL3 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine 3), a member of the C-X-C chemokine subfamily, operates as a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils, thereby orchestrating the recruitment and migration of leukocytes alongside eliciting an inflammatory response. Recent inquiries have shed light on the pivotal roles of CXCL3 in the context of carcinogenesis. In the tumor microenvironment, CXCL3 emanating from both tumor and stromal cells intricately modulates cellular behaviors through autocrine and paracrine actions, primarily via interaction with its receptor CXCR2. Activation of signaling cascades such as ERK/MAPK, AKT, and JAK2/STAT3 underscores CXCL3's propensity to favor tumorigenic processes. However, CXCL3 exhibits dualistic behaviors, as evidenced by its capacity to exert anti-tumor effects under specific conditions. Additionally, the involvement of CXCL3 extends to inflammatory disorders like eclampsia, obesity, and asthma. This review encapsulates the structural attributes, biological functionalities, and molecular underpinnings of CXCL3 across both tumorigenesis and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Bao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Queen Mary School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chang Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiangyang Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Hosoki K, Govindhan A, Knight JM, Sur S. Allosteric inhibition of CXCR1 and CXCR2 abrogates Th2/Th17-associated Allergic Lung Inflammation in Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.593638. [PMID: 38798651 PMCID: PMC11118468 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.593638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background IL4, IL5, IL13, and IL17-producing CD4 T helper 2 (Th2)-cells and IL17-producing CD4 T helper 17 (Th17)-cells contribute to chronic eosinophilic and neutrophilic airway inflammation in asthma and allergic airway inflammation. Chemokines and their receptors are upregulated in Th2/Th17-mediated inflammation. However, the ability of CXCR1 and CXCR2 modulate Th2 and Th17-cell-mediated allergic lung inflammation has not been reported. Methods Mice sensitized and challenged with cat dander extract (CDE) mount a vigorous Th2-Th17-mediated allergic lung inflammation. Allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1 and CXCR2, ladarixin was orally administered in this model. The ability of ladarixin to modulate allergen-challenge induced recruitment of CXCR1 and CXCR2-expressing Th2 and Th17-cells and allergic lung inflammation were examined. Results Allergen challenge in sensitized mice increased mRNA expression levels of Il4, Il5, Il13, Il6, Il1β, Tgfβ1, Il17, Il23, Gata3, and Rorc , and induced allergic lung inflammation characterized by recruitment of CXCR1- and CXCR2-expressing Th2-cells, Th17-cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Allosteric inhibition of CXCR1 and CXCR2 vigorously blocked each of these pro-inflammatory effects of allergen challenge. CXCL chemokines induced a CXCR1 and CXCR2-dependent proliferation of IL4, IL5, IL13, and IL17 expressing T-cells. Conclusion Allosteric inhibition of CXCR1 and CXCR2 abrogates blocks recruitment of CXCR1- and CXCR2-expressing Th2-cells, Th17-cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils in this mouse model of allergic lung inflammation. We suggest that the ability of allosteric inhibition of CXCR1 and CXCR2 to abrogate Th2 and Th17-mediated allergic inflammation should be investigated in humans.
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Lo TC, Cheng JY, Lee CW, Hung JT, Lin CC, Yeh HF, Yang BC, Huang Y, Wu HM, Yu AL, Yu J. Priming of macrophage by glycosphingolipids from extracellular vesicles facilitates immune tolerance for embryo-maternal crosstalk. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2447-2459.e5. [PMID: 37989081 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) display diverse functions during embryonic development. Here, we examined the GSL profiles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and investigated their functions in priming macrophages to enhance immune tolerance of embryo implantation. When peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with ESC-secreted EVs, globo-series GSLs (GHCer, SSEA3Cer, and SSEA4Cer) were transferred via EVs into monocytes/macrophages. Incubation of monocytes during their differentiation into macrophages with either EVs or synthetic globo-series GSLs induced macrophages to exhibit phenotypic features that imitate immune receptivity, i.e., macrophage polarization, augmented phagocytic activity, suppression of T cell proliferation, and the increased trophoblast invasion. It was also demonstrated that decidual macrophages in first-trimester tissues expressed globo-series GSLs. These findings highlight the role of globo-series GSLs via transfer from EVs in priming macrophages to display decidual macrophage phenotypes, which may facilitate healthy pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chi Lo
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yan Cheng
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Lee
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Tung Hung
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Fong Yeh
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bei-Chia Yang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yenlin Huang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Ming Wu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Alice L Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, University of California in San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Clinical significance and biological functions of chemokine CXCL3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:230372. [PMID: 34870709 PMCID: PMC8696619 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL3 plays extensive roles in tumorigenesis in various types of human cancers through its roles in tumor cell differentiation, invasion, and migration. However, the mechanisms of CXCL3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unclear. In our study, multiple databases were used to explore the expression level, prognostic value, and related mechanisms of CXCL3 in human HNSCC through bioinformatic methods. We also performed further experiments in vivo and in vitro to evaluate the expression of CXCL3 in a human head and neck tissue microarray and the underlying effect mechanisms of CXCL3 on the tumor biology of HNSCC tumor cells. The result showed that the expression level of CXCL3 in patients with HNSCC was significantly higher as compared with that in normal tissues (P<0.05). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high CXCL3 expression had a lower overall survival rate (P=0.038). CXCL3 was further identified as an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC patients by Cox regression analysis, and GSEA exhibited that several signaling pathways including Apoptosis, Toll-like receptor, Nod-like receptor, Jak-STAT, and MAPK signaling pathways may be involved in the tumorigenesis of HNSCC. CAL27 cells overexpressing or HNSCC cells treated with exogenous CXCL3 exhibited enhanced cell malignant behaviors, whereas down-regulating CXCL3 expression resulted in decreased malignant behaviors in HSC4 cells. In addition, CXCL3 may affect the expression of several genes, including ERK1/2, Bcl-2, Bax, STAT3, and NF-κB. In summary, our bioinformatics and experiment findings effectively suggest the information of CXCL3 expression, roles, and the potential regulatory network in HNSCC.
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Cardoso MH, Alencar-Silva T, Bogéa GMR, Carvalho JL, Franco OL, Saldanha-Araujo F. Dissecting the relationship between antimicrobial peptides and mesenchymal stem cells. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108021. [PMID: 34637839 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the various biological properties presented by Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), their ability to control the immune response and fight pathogen infection through the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been the subject of intense research in recent years. AMPs secreted by MSCs exhibit activity against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and viruses. The main AMPs produced by these cells are hepcidin, cathelicidin LL-37, and β-defensin-2. In addition to acting against pathogens, those AMPs have also been shown to interact with MSCs to modulate MSC proliferation, migration, and regeneration, indicating that such peptides exert a more diverse biological effect than initially thought. In the present review, we discuss the production of AMPs by MSCs, revise the multiple functions of these peptides, including their influence over MSCs, and present an overview of clinical situations in which the antimicrobial properties of MSCs may be explored for therapy. Finally, we discuss possibilities of combining MSCs and AMPs to generate improved therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marlon Henrique Cardoso
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Muller Reche Bogéa
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Rong M, Yan X, Zhang H, Zhou C, Zhang C. Dysfunction of Decidual Macrophages Is a Potential Risk Factor in the Occurrence of Preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:655655. [PMID: 34054819 PMCID: PMC8152936 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.655655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a multi-factorial and multi-genetic disorder that affects more than eight million mother and baby pairs each year. Currently, most of the attention to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia has been focused on placenta, but recent progresses suggest that excellent decidualization lays foundation for placentation and growth. Moreover, preeclampsia is associated with an imbalance in immunoregulatory mechanisms, however, how the immune regulatory system in the decidua affects preeclampsia is still unclear. In our study, after intersecting the genes of differentially expressed between preeclampsia and the control gotten by conventional expression profile analysis and the genes contained in the ligand receptor network, we found eight differentially expressed genes in a ligand-receptor relationship, and the eight genes have a characteristic: most of them participate in the interaction between decidual macrophages and other decidual immune cells. The results of single-cell sequencing of decidual cells further demonstrated that decidual macrophages affect the functions of other immune cells through export. As a result, abnormal gene expression affects the export function of decidual macrophages, which in turn affects the interaction of decidual macrophages with other immune cells, thereby destroying the original immune regulation mechanism, and ultimately leading to the occurrence of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Rong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, China
| | - Xingyu Yan
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongya Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, China
| | - Chan Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
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Sex-Specific Transcriptome Differences in Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080909. [PMID: 32784482 PMCID: PMC7464371 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, sexual dimorphism can manifest in many ways and it is widely studied in several knowledge fields. It is increasing the evidence that also cells differ according to sex, a correlation still little studied and poorly considered when cells are used in scientific research. Specifically, our interest is on the sex-related dimorphism on the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) transcriptome. A systematic meta-analysis of hMSC microarrays was performed by using the Transcriptome Mapper (TRAM) software. This bioinformatic tool was used to integrate and normalize datasets from multiple sources and allowed us to highlight chromosomal segments and genes differently expressed in hMSCs derived from adipose tissue (hADSCs) of male and female donors. Chromosomal segments and differentially expressed genes in male and female hADSCs resulted to be related to several processes as inflammation, adipogenic and neurogenic differentiation and cell communication. Obtained results lead us to hypothesize that the donor sex of hADSCs is a variable influencing a wide range of stem cell biologic processes. We believe that it should be considered in biologic research and stem cell therapy.
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Jiang X, Huang Z, Sun X, Zheng X, Liu J, Shen J, Jia B, Luo H, Mai Z, Chen G, Zhao J. CCL18-NIR1 promotes oral cancer cell growth and metastasis by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:632. [PMID: 32641093 PMCID: PMC7346480 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07073-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18) affects the malignant progression of varying cancers by activating chemokine receptors. Our previous work has shown that CCL18 promotes hyperplasia and invasiveness of oral cancer cells; however, the cognate receptors of CCL18 involved in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not yet been identified. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms which underlie promotive effects of CCL18 on OSCC progression by binding to functional receptors. METHODS The expression of CCL18 receptor-NIR1 in OSCC was determined by conducting western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunocytochemistry assays. Chi square test was applied to analyze the relationship between expression levels of NIR1 and clinicopathological variables. Recombinant CCL18 (rCCL18), receptor siRNA and JAK specific inhibitor (AG490) were used in experiments investigating the effects of the CCL18-NIR1 axis on growth of cancer cells (i.e., proliferation, and metastasis), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. RESULTS NIR1 as functional receptor of CCL18 in OSCC, was found to be significantly upregulated in OSCC and positively related to the TNM stage of OSCC patients. rCCL18 induced the phenotypical alterations in oral cancer cells including cell growth, metastasis and EMT. The JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was confirmed to be a downstream pathway mediating the effects of CCL18 in OSCC. AG490 and knockdown of NIR1 could block the effects of rCCL18-induced OSCC. CONCLUSION CCL18 can promote the progression of OSCC by binding NIR1, and the CCL18-NIR1 axis can activate JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The identification of the mechanisms underlying CCL18-mediated promotion of OSCC progression could highlight potential therapeutic targets for treating oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China.,Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianghuai Zheng
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingpeng Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyun Luo
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoyi Mai
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guodong Chen
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianjiang Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Short and Long Term Clinical and Immunologic Follow up after Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis-A Phase I Study. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122102. [PMID: 31810187 PMCID: PMC6947442 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have emerged as a possible new therapy for Multiple Sclerosis (MS), however studies regarding efficacy and in vivo immune response have been limited and inconclusive. We conducted a phase I clinical study assessing safety and clinical and peripheral immune responses after MSC therapy in MS. Seven patients with progressive MS were intravenously infused with a single dose of autologous MSC (1–2 × 106 MSCs/kg body weight). The infusions were safe and well tolerated when given during clinical remission. Five out of seven patients completed the follow up of 48 weeks post-infusion. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed the absence of new T2 lesions at 12 weeks in 5/6 patients, while 3/5 had accumulated new T2 lesions at 48 weeks. Patient expanded disability status scales (EDSS) were stable in 6/6 at 12 weeks but declined in 3/5 patients at 48 weeks. Early changes of circulating microRNA levels (2 h) and increased proportion of FOXP3+ Tregs were detected at 7 days post-infusion compared to baseline levels. In conclusion, MSC therapy was safe and well tolerated and is associated with possible transient beneficial clinical and peripheral immunotolerogenic effects.
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Mesenchymal stem cells immunomodulation: The road to IFN-γ licensing and the path ahead. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 47:32-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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He Q, Shen M, Tong F, Cong M, Zhang S, Gong Y, Ding F. Differential Gene Expression in Primary Cultured Sensory and Motor Nerve Fibroblasts. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:1016. [PMID: 30686982 PMCID: PMC6333708 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts (Fbs) effectively promote Schwann cells (SCs) migration, proliferation, and neurite regeneration. Whether Fbs express different motor and sensory phenotypes that regulate the cell behavior and peripheral nerve function has not been elucidated. The present study utilized the whole rat genome microarray analysis and identified a total of 121 differentially expressed genes between the primary cultured motor and sensory Fbs. The genes with high expression in sensory Fbs were related to proliferation, migration, chemotaxis, motility activation, protein maturation, defense response, immune system, taxis, and regionalization, while those with high expression in motor Fbs were related to neuron differentiation, segmentation, and pattern specification. Thus, the significant difference in the expression of some key genes was found to be associated with cell migration and proliferation, which was further validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The cell proliferation or migration analysis revealed a higher rate of cell migration and proliferation of sensory Fbs than motor Fbs. Moreover, the downregulated expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3 (CXCL3) suppressed the proliferation rate of sensory Fbs, while it enhanced that of the motor Fbs. However, the migration rate of both Fbs was suppressed by the downregulated expression of CXCL10 or CXCL3. Furthermore, a higher proportion of motor or sensory SCs migrated toward their respective (motor or sensory) Fbs; however, few motor or sensory SCs co-cultured with the other type of Fbs (sensory or motor, respectively), migrated toward the Fbs. The current findings indicated that Fbs expressed the distinct motor and sensory phenotypes involved in different patterns of gene expression, biological processes, and effects on SCs. Thus, this study would provide insights into the biological differences between motor and sensory Fbs, including the role in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fang Tong
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meng Cong
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanpei Gong
- Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Shi H, Han X, Sun Y, Shang C, Wei M, Ba X, Zeng X. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 and CXCL2 produced by tumor promote the generation of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3826-3839. [PMID: 30259595 PMCID: PMC6272093 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in tumor‐bearing hosts is a hallmark of tumor‐associated inflammation, which is thought to be a barrier to immunosurveillance. Multiple factors secreted by tumor cells and tumor stromal cells are reported to be involved in promoting the expansion of MDSC. Herein, we showed that s.c. inoculation of tumor cells and i.v. injection of tumor‐conditioned medium increased the number of MDSC. Subsequent investigation elucidated that chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) and CXCL2, which were originally characterized as the chemokines of neutrophils, specifically promoted the expansion of monocytic MDSC (mo‐MDSC), a subtype of MDSC, in the presence of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor. Depletion of CXCL1 or CXCL2 in B16F10 cells or in B16F10‐bearing mice noticeably decreased the generation of mo‐MDSC in bone marrow. Moreover, we found that, in addition to the tumor cells, tumor‐infiltrated CD11b+ myeloid cells also expressed CXCL1 and CXCL2. Furthermore, CXCL1‐ and CXCL2‐induced increase of mo‐MDSC was not correlated with chemotaxis, proliferation or apoptosis of mo‐MDSC. These findings show a novel role of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in promoting mo‐MDSC generation by favoring the differentiation of bone marrow cells in tumor‐bearing conditions, which suggests that inhibition of CXCL1 and CXCL2 could decrease mo‐MDSC generation and improve host immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Xiaoqing Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Shang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueqing Ba
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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Huang S, Wu S, Zhang Z, Deng W, Fan J, Feng R, Kong W, Qi J, Chen W, Tang X, Yao G, Feng X, Wang D, Chen H, Sun L. Mesenchymal stem cells induced CD4+ T cell apoptosis in treatment of lupus mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:30-35. [PMID: 30409422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (UCMSCT) has been used to treat human autoimmune diseases like lupus for example, but little is known about its effect on cell apoptosis. Here we evaluated the efficacy of UCMSCT for lupus treatment and explored the mechanism by which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modulate T cell apoptosis in lupus mice. 1 × 106 human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) were injected into B6.MRL-Faslpr (B6.lpr) mice via tail vein. 6 h, 24 h or 4 weeks later, the mice were sacrificed and the apoptosis of lymphocytes in peripheral blood and spleen were detected by flow cytometry. The immune cell subpopulations in spleen were also measured at 6 h and 24 h, respectively. The therapeutic effects were assessed after 4 weeks. The frequency of peripheral blood CD4+ T cell apoptosis was reduced in lupus-prone B6.lpr mice. UCMSCT alleviated the disease phenotypes in B6.lpr mice, decreased the ratio of Th1 as well as Th2 cells, and increased percentages of apoptotic CD4+ T cells in vivo and vitro. Collectively, our findings unravel that UCMSCT alleviate lupus disease and reverse immune imbalance possibly by promoting T cell apoptosis in B6.lpr mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Shufang Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Zhuoya Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Junyu Fan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Ruihai Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Jingjing Qi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Genhong Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Xuebing Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
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14
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Induction of quiescence (G0) in bone marrow stromal stem cells enhances their stem cell characteristics. Stem Cell Res 2018; 30:69-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Abumaree MH, Abomaray FM, Alshabibi MA, AlAskar AS, Kalionis B. Immunomodulatory properties of human placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Placenta 2017; 59:87-95. [PMID: 28411943 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are isolated from various fetal and adult tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, cord blood and placenta. Placental MSCs (pMSCs), the main focus of this review, are relatively new MSC types that are not as intensively studied compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs). MSCs modulate the immune functions of important immune cells involved in alloantigen recognition and elimination, including antigen presenting cells (APCs), T cells, B cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Clinical trials, both completed and underway, employ MSCs to treat various human immunological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and type 1 diabetes. However, the mechanisms that mediate the immunosuppressive effects of pMSCs are still largely unknown, and the safety of pMSC use in clinical settings needs further confirmation. Here, we review the current knowledge of the immunosuppressive properties of placental MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Abumaree
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Minstry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Mail Code 1515, Saudi Arabia; College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Minstry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh 11481, Mail Code 3124, Saudi Arabia.
| | - F M Abomaray
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M A Alshabibi
- National Center for Stem Cell Technology, Life Sciences and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S AlAskar
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Minstry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Mail Code 1515, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Kalionis
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, University of Melbourne Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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Kusuyama J, Komorizono A, Bandow K, Ohnishi T, Matsuguchi T. CXCL3 positively regulates adipogenic differentiation. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1806-1820. [PMID: 27512010 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m067207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a family of cytokines inducing cell migration and inflammation. Recent reports have implicated the roles of chemokines in cell differentiation. However, little is known about the functional roles of chemokines in adipocytes. Here, we explored gene expression levels of chemokines and chemokine receptors during adipogenic differentiation. We have found that two chemokines, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3 (CXCL3) and CXCL13, as well as CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), a CXCL3 receptor, are highly expressed in mature adipocytes. When 3T3-L1 cells and ST2 cells were induced to differentiate, both the number of lipid droplets and the expression levels of adipogenic markers were significantly promoted by the addition of CXCL3, but not CXCL13. Conversely, gene knockdown of either CXCL3 or CXCR2 by specific siRNA effectively inhibited the course of adipogenic differentiation. CXCL3 treatment of 3T3-L1 cells significantly induced the phosphorylation of ERK and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Furthermore, CXCL3-induced CCAAT-enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)β and δ expression was suppressed by both ERK and JNK-specific inhibitors. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed functional binding of PPARγ2 within the cxcl3 promoter region. Taken together, these results have indicated that CXCL3 is a novel adipokine that facilitates adipogenesis in an autocrine and/or a paracrine manner through induction of c/ebpb and c/ebpd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joji Kusuyama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Anna Komorizono
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Bandow
- Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuguchi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
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17
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No significant effects of Poly(I:C) on human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of B6.MRL-Fas(lpr) mice. Curr Res Transl Med 2016; 64:55-60. [PMID: 27316386 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to compare the curative effect and immunoregulation between MSCs activated by Poly(I:C) for 24hours and unactivated MSCs on lupus mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSCs were pretreated by Poly(I:C) at 50μg/mL for 24h. B6.MRL-Fas(lpr) mice were divided into UC-MSC treated group, FLS treated group, Poly(I:C) preconditioned MSC treated group (P-MSC) and untreated group randomly. All treated mice were infused with 1×10(6) MSCs or FLSs at the 24th week and were sacrificed 4 weeks later. The spleen weight, serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels, serum anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody levels, immune cell subsets, renal lesions and IgG deposition in the kidney were evaluated. The effects of two kinds of MSCs on the proliferation and apoptosis of CD4+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry. The TLR3 expression at protein level in MSCs was assessed with and without Poly(I:C) treatment. The expression of immunoregulatory factors were detected by qRT-PCR in different dose and duration of Poly(I:C). RESULT Poly(I:C) preconditioned MSCs had similar therapeutic effects in lupus mice compared with untreated MSCs in vivo. Furthermore, Poly(I:C) treated MSCs and untreated MSCs had comparable inhibitory effects on proliferation of T cells, and Poly(I:C) could enhance the expression of TLR3 at protein and mRNA level. Poly(I:C) could partly alter the mRNA levels of immunoregulatory factors, such as hepatocyte growth factor, transforming growth factor β1, vascular endothelial growth factor, but did not have significant changes in cyclooxygenase 2, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, interferon γ and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2. CONCLUSION Our study did not find that Poly(I:C) treatment could enhance the therapeutic effect of MSCs in lupus mice in vivo.
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18
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Kim J, Kim W, Moon UJ, Kim HJ, Choi HJ, Sin JI, Park NH, Cho HR, Kwon B. Intratumorally Establishing Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Blocks Tumor Growth. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2410-23. [PMID: 26829987 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A long-standing question in the field of tumor immunotherapy is how Th2 cytokines block tumor growth. Their antitumor effects are particularly prominent when they are secreted continuously in tumors, suggesting that Th2 cytokines may create a tumor microenvironment unfavorable for tumor growth independently of adaptive immunity. In this study, we show that local production of IL-33 establishes a high number of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) with potent antitumor activity. IL-33 promotes secretion of a massive amount of CXCR2 ligands from ILC2s but creates a tumor microenvironment where tumor cells express CXCR2 through a dysfunctional angiogenesis/hypoxia/reactive oxygen species axis. These two signaling events converge to reinforce tumor cell-specific apoptosis through CXCR2. Our results identify a previously unrecognized antitumor therapeutic pathway wherein ILC2s play a central role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyang Kim
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyoung Kim
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - U J Moon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun J Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jeong Choi
- Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Im Sin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Neung H Park
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Hong R Cho
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungsuk Kwon
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea; School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea;
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Maino B, D'Agata V, Severini C, Ciotti MT, Calissano P, Copani A, Chang YC, DeLisi C, Cavallaro S. Igf1 and Pacap rescue cerebellar granule neurons from apoptosis via a common transcriptional program. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1. [PMID: 26941962 PMCID: PMC4773033 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A shift of the delicate balance between apoptosis and survival-inducing signals determines the fate of neurons during the development of the central nervous system and its homeostasis throughout adulthood. Both pathways, promoting or protecting from apoptosis, trigger a transcriptional program. We conducted whole-genome expression profiling to decipher the transcriptional regulatory elements controlling the apoptotic/survival switch in cerebellar granule neurons following the induction of apoptosis by serum and potassium deprivation or their rescue by either insulin-like growth factor-1 (Igf1) or pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide (Pacap). Although depending on different upstream signaling pathways, the survival effects of Igf1 and Pacap converged into common transcriptional cascades, thus suggesting the existence of a general transcriptional program underlying neuronal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Maino
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, Italian National Research Council, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Velia D'Agata
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Severini
- Institute of Neurobiology and Molecular Medicine, Italian National Research Council, 00143 Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - Agata Copani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Yi-Chien Chang
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Charles DeLisi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sebastiano Cavallaro
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, Italian National Research Council, 95126 Catania, Italy
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20
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Interactions between MSCs and immune cells: implications for bone healing. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:752510. [PMID: 26000315 PMCID: PMC4427002 DOI: 10.1155/2015/752510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that, of the 7.9 million fractures sustained in the United States each year, 5% to 20% result in delayed or impaired healing requiring therapeutic intervention. Following fracture injury, there is an initial inflammatory response that plays a crucial role in bone healing; however, prolonged inflammation is inhibitory for fracture repair. The precise spatial and temporal impact of immune cells and their cytokines on fracture healing remains obscure. Some cytokines are reported to be proosteogenic while others inhibit bone healing. Cell-based therapy utilizing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is an attractive option for augmenting the fracture repair process. Osteoprogenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but they also exert modulatory effects on immune cells via a variety of mechanisms. In this paper, we review the current literature on both in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of the immune system in fracture repair, the use of MSCs in the enhancement of fracture healing, and interactions between MSCs and immune cells. Insight into this paradigm can provide valuable clues in identifying cellular and noncellular targets that can potentially be modulated to enhance both natural bone healing and bone repair augmented by the exogenous addition of MSCs.
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21
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Ryu JH, Park M, Kim BK, Ryu KH, Woo SY. Tonsil-derived mesenchymal stromal cells produce CXCR2-binding chemokines and acquire follicular dendritic cell-like phenotypes under TLR3 stimulation. Cytokine 2015; 73:225-35. [PMID: 25794662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We previously isolated mesenchymal stromal cells from human tonsils (T-MSCs) and showed the potential of these cells to differentiate into the mesodermal lineage and acquire a follicular dendritic cell (FDC) phenotype under cytokine stimulation. Because these T-MSCs were originally isolated from inflamed tonsillar tissues, we were curious about their activation status in response to innate immune stimuli, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Therefore, we analyzed the expression profile of TLRs in T-MSCs and stimulated the T-MSCs with TLR agonists. TLR3 stimuli induced C-C chemokine receptor type 6 expression in T-MSCs after 24h. Furthermore, results from cytokine arrays showed increases in epithelial neutrophil-activating peptide-78/C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL) 5, granulocyte chemotactic protein-2/CXCL6, growth-related oncogene-α/CXCL1, interleukin-8/CXCL8, and interferon gamma-induced protein-10/CXCL10. CD54 expression was also increased after TLR3 stimulation. However, co-culturing T-MSCs with human B cells did not induce B-cell proliferation. This suggests that TLR3 stimulates the differentiation of T-MSCs into FDC-like cells and induces chemokine secretion, possibly by recruiting C-X-C chemokine receptor 2-expressing immune cells. In addition, T-MSCs also appeared to exert immunomodulatory effects by inhibiting B-cell proliferation, possibly by down-regulating CD18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwa Ryu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhwa Park
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Ryu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Youn Woo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Klatt NR, Bosinger SE, Peck M, Richert-Spuhler LE, Heigele A, Gile JP, Patel N, Taaffe J, Julg B, Camerini D, Torti C, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Sinclair E, Hecht FM, Lederman MM, Paiardini M, Kirchhoff F, Brenchley JM, Hunt PW, Silvestri G. Limited HIV infection of central memory and stem cell memory CD4+ T cells is associated with lack of progression in viremic individuals. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004345. [PMID: 25167059 PMCID: PMC4148445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A rare subset of HIV-infected individuals, designated viremic non-progressors (VNP), remain asymptomatic and maintain normal levels of CD4+ T-cells despite persistently high viremia. To identify mechanisms potentially responsible for the VNP phenotype, we compared VNPs (average >9 years of HIV infection) to HIV-infected individuals who have similar CD4+ T-cell counts and viral load, but who are likely to progress if left untreated (“putative progressors”, PP), thus avoiding the confounding effect of differences related to substantial CD4+ T cell depletion. We found that VNPs, compared to PPs, had preserved levels of CD4+ stem cell memory cells (TSCM (p<0.0001), which was associated with decreased HIV infection of these cells in VNPs (r = −0.649, p = 0.019). In addition, VNPs had decreased HIV infection in CD4+ central memory (TCM) cells (p = 0.035), and the total number of TCM cells was associated with increased proliferation of memory CD4+ T cells (r = 0.733, p = 0.01). Our results suggest that, in HIV-infected VNPs, decreased infection of CD4+ TCM and TSCM, cells are involved in preservation of CD4+ T cell homeostasis and lack of disease progression despite high viremia. Here we assessed correlates of protection from disease progression in a rare subset of HIV-infected individuals, viremic non-progressors (VNP). These individuals have high viral load for several years. In contrast to the majority of infected individuals, however, these individuals do not progress to AIDS. Here we found this lack of progression was associated with selective preservation of two critical subsets of memory CD4+ T cells, central memory (TCM) and stem-cell memory (TSCM) cells. Compared to HIV-infected putative progressors, VNPs had higher proliferation of these indispensable subsets of memory cells. In addition, the long-lived CD4+ TCM and TSCM cells in VNPs had decreased HIV infection compared to the less critical effector memory CD4+ T cells, which indicates a possible mechanism by which VNPs maintain their CD4+ T cell pool after several years of infection, and remain free from AIDS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole R. Klatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Steven E. Bosinger
- Yerkes Primate Research Center, Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Melicent Peck
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Laura E. Richert-Spuhler
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Anke Heigele
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jillian P. Gile
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Nirav Patel
- Yerkes Primate Research Center, Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jessica Taaffe
- Yerkes Primate Research Center, Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Boris Julg
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Camerini
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Carlo Torti
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jeffrey N. Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Steven G. Deeks
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Sinclair
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Frederick M. Hecht
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Michael M. Lederman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Yerkes Primate Research Center, Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jason M. Brenchley
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter W. Hunt
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Yerkes Primate Research Center, Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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