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Tsai CY, Oo M, Peh JH, Yeo BCM, Aptekmann A, Lee B, Liu JJJ, Tsao WS, Dick T, Fink K, Gengenbacher M. Splenic marginal zone B cells restrict Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by shaping the cytokine pattern and cell-mediated immunity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114426. [PMID: 38959109 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the role of B cells in tuberculosis (TB) is crucial for developing new TB vaccines. However, the changes in B cell immune landscapes during TB and their functional implications remain incompletely explored. Using high-dimensional flow cytometry to map the immune landscape in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, our results show an accumulation of marginal zone B (MZB) cells and other unconventional B cell subsets in the lungs and spleen, shaping an unconventional B cell landscape. These MZB cells exhibit activated and memory-like phenotypes, distinguishing their functional profiles from those of conventional B cells. Notably, functional studies show that MZB cells produce multiple cytokines and contribute to systemic protection against TB by shaping cytokine patterns and cell-mediated immunity. These changes in the immune landscape are reversible upon successful TB chemotherapy. Our study suggests that, beyond antibody production, targeting the regulatory function of B cells may be a valuable strategy for TB vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Tsai
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Myo Oo
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Jih Hou Peh
- Biosafety Level 3 Core, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Level 15, Centre for Translational Medicine (MD6), NUS, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Benjamin C M Yeo
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Level 2, Blk MD4, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Ariel Aptekmann
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research, Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 3 & 4, Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Centre for Biomedical Informatics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; A(∗)STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 8A Biomedical Grove #05-13, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Joe J J Liu
- Biosafety Level 3 Core, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Level 15, Centre for Translational Medicine (MD6), NUS, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Wen-Shan Tsao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Thomas Dick
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA; Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Katja Fink
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research, Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 3 & 4, Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Martin Gengenbacher
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA; Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA.
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Sachinidis A, Lamprinou M, Dimitroulas T, Garyfallos A. Targeting T-bet expressing B cells for therapeutic interventions in autoimmunity. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 217:159-166. [PMID: 38647337 PMCID: PMC11239558 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Apart from serving as a Th1 lineage commitment regulator, transcription factor T-bet is also expressed in other immune cell types and thus orchestrates their functions. In case of B cells, more specifically, T-bet is responsible for their isotype switching to specific IgG sub-classes (IgG2a/c in mice and IgG1/3 in humans). In various autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and/or rheumatoid arthritis, subsets of T-bet expressing B cells, known as age-associated B cells (CD19+CD11c+CD21-T-bet+) and/or double-negative B cells (CD19+IgD-CD27-T-bet+), display an expansion and seem to drive disease pathogenesis. According to data, mostly derived from mice models of autoimmunity, the targeting of these specific B-cell populations is capable of ameliorating the general health status of the autoimmune subjects. Here, in this review article, we present a variety of therapeutic approaches for both mice and humans, suffering from an autoimmune disease, and we discuss the effects of each approach on T-bet+ B cells. In general, we highlight the importance of specifically targeting T-bet+ B cells for therapeutic interventions in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Sachinidis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Malamatenia Lamprinou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Dimitroulas
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Garyfallos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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3
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Punnanitinont A, Kasperek EM, Zhu C, Yu G, Miecznikowski JC, Kramer JM. TLR7 activation of age-associated B cells mediates disease in a mouse model of primary Sjögren's disease. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:497-510. [PMID: 37930711 PMCID: PMC10990110 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's disease (pSD) (also referred to as Sjögren's syndrome) is an autoimmune disease that primarily occurs in women. In addition to exocrine gland dysfunction, pSD patients exhibit B cell hyperactivity. B cell-intrinsic TLR7 activation is integral to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus, a disease that shares similarities with pSD. The role of TLR7-mediated B cell activation in pSD, however, remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that age-associated B cells (ABCs) were expanded in pSD and that TLR7-stimulated ABCs exhibited pathogenic features characteristic of disease. Our data revealed that ABC expansion and TLR7 expression were enhanced in a pSD mouse model in a Myd88-dependent manner. Splenocytes from pSD mice showed enhanced sensitivity to TLR7 agonism as compared with those derived from control animals. Sort-purified marginal zone B cells and ABCs from pSD mice showed enhanced inflammatory cytokine secretion and were enriched for antinuclear autoantibodies following TLR7 agonism. Finally, IgG from pSD patient sera showed elevated antinuclear autoantibodies, many of which were secreted preferentially by TLR7-stimulated murine marginal zone B cells and ABCs. These data indicate that pSD B cells are hyperresponsive to TLR7 agonism and that TLR7-activated B cells contribute to pSD through cytokine and autoantibody production. Thus, therapeutics that target TLR7 signaling cascades in B cells may have utility in pSD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achamaporn Punnanitinont
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, The University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Eileen M. Kasperek
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, The University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Chengsong Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Microarray & Immune Phenotyping Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guan Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Miecznikowski
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Jill M. Kramer
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, The University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY USA
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4
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Solomou EE, Kattamis A, Symeonidis A, Sirinian C, Salamaliki C, Tzanoudaki M, Diamantopoulos P, Plakoula E, Palasopoulou M, Giannakoulas N, Kontandreopoulou CN, Kollia P, Viniou NA, Galanopoulos A, Liossis SN, Vassilopoulos G. Increased age-associated B cells in patients with acquired aplastic anemia correlate with IFN-γ. Blood Adv 2024; 8:399-402. [PMID: 38011610 PMCID: PMC10820307 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elena E. Solomou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece
| | - Antonis Kattamis
- Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Argyris Symeonidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece
| | - Chaido Sirinian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece
| | - Christina Salamaliki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece
| | - Marianna Tzanoudaki
- Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Diamantopoulos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Plakoula
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece
| | - Maria Palasopoulou
- Department of Hematology, University of Thessaly Medical School, Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | - Panagoula Kollia
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nora-Athina Viniou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - George Vassilopoulos
- Department of Hematology, University of Thessaly Medical School, Larissa, Greece
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5
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Jiang M, Pang N, Wang J, Li Z, Xu D, Jing J, Chen D, Li F, Ding J, Li Q. Characteristics of Serum Autoantibody Repertoire and Immune Subgroup Variation of Tuberculosis-Associated Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:2867-2886. [PMID: 38075560 PMCID: PMC10710255 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s434601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studying the potential etiology and pathogenesis of tuberculosis-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TOPD) from an autoimmunity perspective may provide insights into peripheral blood autoantibodies and immune cells, as well as their interactions. Methods This study examined the serum autoantibody repertoire in healthy individuals, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and TOPD patients using the HuProtTM protein chip. Autoantigens in the peripheral blood of TOPD patients were verified using ELISA assay. Various epitopes and immune simulation were predicted using bioinformatic methods. Flow cytometry was employed to detect macrophages(Mφ), T cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in the peripheral blood. Results COPD patients displayed distinct alterations in their IgG and IgM autoantibodies compared to the other groups. GeneOntology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analyses revealed that these autoantibodies were associated with regulating macrophages, T cells, and B cells. ELISA results confirmed the upregulation of expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 antigen (MAPK3), and threonine protein kinase 1 antigen (AKT1) proteins in the peripheral blood of TOPD patients. Bioinformatic analysis predicted multiple potential epitopes in Th, CTL, and B cells. Immune simulation results demonstrated that PCNA, MAPK3, and AKT1 can activate innate and adaptive immune responses and induce the expression of different cytokines, such as IFN-g and IL-2. Furthermore, data obtained from flow cytometry assay revealed an upregulation in the face of Th1 cells in the peripheral blood of TOPD patients. Conclusion Tuberculosis infection can effectively induce autoimmune responses, contributing to increased expression of Th1 cells and associated cytokines, ultimately leading to immune dysregulation. Furthermore, the accumulation of pulmonary inflammatory response facilitates the progression of TOPD and is helpful for the clinical diagnosis and the development of targeted therapeutic drugs for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - NanNan Pang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Xu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Jing
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengsen Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Ding
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qifeng Li
- Xinjiang Institute of Pediatrics, Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Sachinidis A, Garyfallos A. Rho-kinase inhibitors to deplete age-associated B cells in systemic autoimmunity. Immunol Lett 2023; 262:36-38. [PMID: 37689314 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Sachinidis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Alexandros Garyfallos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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7
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Bogers L, Kuiper KL, Smolders J, Rip J, van Luijn MM. Epstein-Barr virus and genetic risk variants as determinants of T-bet + B cell-driven autoimmune diseases. Immunol Lett 2023; 261:66-74. [PMID: 37451321 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
B cells expressing the transcription factor T-bet are found to have a protective role in viral infections, but are also considered major players in the onset of different types of autoimmune diseases. Currently, the exact mechanisms driving such 'atypical' memory B cells to contribute to protective immunity or autoimmunity are unclear. In addition to general autoimmune-related factors including sex and age, the ways T-bet+ B cells instigate autoimmune diseases may be determined by the close interplay between genetic risk variants and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The impact of EBV on T-bet+ B cells likely relies on the type of risk variants associated with each autoimmune disease, which may affect their differentiation, migratory routes and effector function. In this hypothesis-driven review, we discuss the lines of evidence pointing to such genetic and/or EBV-mediated influence on T-bet+ B cells in a range of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and multiple sclerosis (MS). We provide examples of how genetic risk variants can be linked to certain signaling pathways and are differentially affected by EBV to shape T-bet+ B-cells. Finally, we propose options to improve current treatment of B cell-related autoimmune diseases by more selective targeting of pathways that are critical for pathogenic T-bet+ B-cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Bogers
- MS Center ErasMS, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten L Kuiper
- MS Center ErasMS, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Smolders
- MS Center ErasMS, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands; MS Center ErasMS, Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology research group, Amsterdam 1105 BA, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Rip
- MS Center ErasMS, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Marvin M van Luijn
- MS Center ErasMS, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands.
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8
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Yam-Puc JC, Hosseini Z, Horner EC, Gerber PP, Beristain-Covarrubias N, Hughes R, Lulla A, Rust M, Boston R, Ali M, Fischer K, Simmons-Rosello E, O'Reilly M, Robson H, Booth LH, Kahanawita L, Correa-Noguera A, Favara D, Ceron-Gutierrez L, Keller B, Craxton A, Anderson GSF, Sun XM, Elmer A, Saunders C, Bermperi A, Jose S, Kingston N, Mulroney TE, Piñon LPG, Chapman MA, Grigoriadou S, MacFarlane M, Willis AE, Patil KR, Spencer S, Staples E, Warnatz K, Buckland MS, Hollfelder F, Hyvönen M, Döffinger R, Parkinson C, Lear S, Matheson NJ, Thaventhiran JED. Age-associated B cells predict impaired humoral immunity after COVID-19 vaccination in patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3292. [PMID: 37369658 PMCID: PMC10299999 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated B cells (ABC) accumulate with age and in individuals with different immunological disorders, including cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint blockade and those with inborn errors of immunity. Here, we investigate whether ABCs from different conditions are similar and how they impact the longitudinal level of the COVID-19 vaccine response. Single-cell RNA sequencing indicates that ABCs with distinct aetiologies have common transcriptional profiles and can be categorised according to their expression of immune genes, such as the autoimmune regulator (AIRE). Furthermore, higher baseline ABC frequency correlates with decreased levels of antigen-specific memory B cells and reduced neutralising capacity against SARS-CoV-2. ABCs express high levels of the inhibitory FcγRIIB receptor and are distinctive in their ability to bind immune complexes, which could contribute to diminish vaccine responses either directly, or indirectly via enhanced clearance of immune complexed-antigen. Expansion of ABCs may, therefore, serve as a biomarker identifying individuals at risk of suboptimal responses to vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Yam-Puc
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Zhaleh Hosseini
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily C Horner
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pehuén Pereyra Gerber
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Robert Hughes
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aleksei Lulla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria Rust
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rebecca Boston
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Magda Ali
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katrin Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward Simmons-Rosello
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin O'Reilly
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Harry Robson
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucy H Booth
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lakmini Kahanawita
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea Correa-Noguera
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Favara
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Baerbel Keller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrew Craxton
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Georgina S F Anderson
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiao-Ming Sun
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Elmer
- NIHR Cambridge Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Areti Bermperi
- NIHR Cambridge Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sherly Jose
- NIHR Cambridge Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nathalie Kingston
- NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas E Mulroney
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucia P G Piñon
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael A Chapman
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Marion MacFarlane
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne E Willis
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kiran R Patil
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Spencer
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily Staples
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew S Buckland
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Barts Health, London, UK
- UCL GOSH Institute of Child Health Division of Infection and Immunity, Section of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, London, UK
| | | | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rainer Döffinger
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christine Parkinson
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara Lear
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas J Matheson
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - James E D Thaventhiran
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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9
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Belyaeva IV, Kosova AN, Vasiliev AG. Tuberculosis and Autoimmunity. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2022; 29:298-318. [PMID: 35736650 PMCID: PMC9228380 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology29020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a common and dangerous chronic bacterial infection worldwide. It is long-established that pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases is mainly promoted by inadequate immune responses to bacterial agents, among them Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a multifaceted process having many different outcomes and complications. Autoimmunity is one of the processes characteristic of tuberculosis; the presence of autoantibodies was documented by a large amount of evidence. The role of autoantibodies in pathogenesis of tuberculosis is not quite clear and widely disputed. They are regarded as: (1) a result of imbalanced immune response being reactive in nature, (2) a critical part of TB pathogenicity, (3) a beginning of autoimmune disease, (4) a protective mechanism helping to eliminate microbes and infected cells, and (5) playing dual role, pathogenic and protective. There is no single autoimmunity-mechanism development in tuberculosis; different pathways may be suggested. It may be excessive cell death and insufficient clearance of dead cells, impaired autophagy, enhanced activation of macrophages and dendritic cells, environmental influences such as vitamin D insufficiency, and genetic polymorphism, both of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host.
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10
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Sachinidis A, Garyfallos A. Involvement of age-associated B cells in EBV-triggered autoimmunity. Immunol Res 2022; 70:546-549. [PMID: 35575824 PMCID: PMC9109436 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09291-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract EBV infection has long been suspected to play a role in the development of autoimmune diseases. Interestingly, a recently published study has provided the strongest evidence to date that EBV is truly a trigger for multiple sclerosis, a well known inflammatory and neurodegenerative autoimmune disorder. Taking into account the data derived from mice models of autoimmune diseases that were also infected with a murine analog of EBV, in this commentary, we highlight the involvement of age-associated B cells, a B cell population defined as CD19+CD11c+CD21−T-bet+, in the process of EBV-triggered autoimmunity. Of note, the aforementioned B cell subset expands continuously with age in healthy individuals, whereas displays a premature strong accumulation in cases of autoimmune diseases. These cells contribute to autoimmune disease pathogenesis via a variety of functions, such as the production of autoantibodies and/or the formation of spontaneous germinal centers. Latent form of EBV seems to modify these B cells, so as to function pathogenically in cases of autoimmunity. Targeting of ABCs, as well as the elimination of EBV, may both be potential treatments for autoimmunity. Highlights Latent form of EBV potentially triggers autoimmune diseases ABCs expand in autoimmunity and contribute to disease pathogenesis EBV modifies ABCs, so as to function pathogenically in autoimmune diseases Apart from EBV elimination, targeting of ABCs may also bring therapeutic benefits to autoimmune patients
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Sachinidis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Alexandros Garyfallos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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11
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Avalos A, Tietsort JT, Suwankitwat N, Woods JD, Jackson SW, Christodoulou A, Morrill C, Liggitt HD, Zhu C, Li QZ, Bui KK, Park H, Iritani BM. Hem-1 regulates protective humoral immunity and limits autoantibody production in a B cell-specific manner. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e153597. [PMID: 35531955 PMCID: PMC9090261 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.153597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic protein-1 (Hem-1) is a member of the actin-regulatory WASp family verprolin homolog (WAVE) complex. Loss-of-function variants in the NCKAP1L gene encoding Hem-1 were recently discovered to result in primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) in children, characterized by poor specific Ab responses, increased autoantibodies, and high mortality. However, the mechanisms of how Hem-1 deficiency results in PID are unclear. In this study, we utilized constitutive and B cell-specific Nckap1l-KO mice to dissect the importance of Hem-1 in B cell development and functions. B cell-specific disruption of Hem-1 resulted in reduced numbers of recirculating follicular (FO), marginal zone (MZ), and B1 B cells. B cell migration in response to CXCL12 and -13 were reduced. T-independent Ab responses were nearly abolished, resulting in failed protective immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae challenge. In contrast, T-dependent IgM and IgG2c, memory B cell, and plasma cell responses were more robust relative to WT control mice. B cell-specific Hem-1-deficient mice had increased autoantibodies against multiple autoantigens, and this correlated with hyperresponsive BCR signaling and increased representation of CD11c+T-bet+ age-associated B cell (ABC cells) - alterations associated with autoimmune diseases. These results suggest that dysfunctional B cells may be part of a mechanism explaining why loss-of-function Hem-1 variants result in recurring infections and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Avalos
- The Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jacob T. Tietsort
- The Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nutthakarn Suwankitwat
- The Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Christopher Morrill
- The Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - H. Denny Liggitt
- The Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Chengsong Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Microarray and Immune Phenotyping Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology, Microarray and Immune Phenotyping Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin K. Bui
- The Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Heon Park
- The Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian M. Iritani
- The Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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12
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Sachinidis A, Garyfallos A. Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19? Mediterr J Rheumatol 2021; 32:192-199. [PMID: 34964023 PMCID: PMC8693305 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.32.3.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Double Negative (DN) B cells constitute a B cell population that lacks expression of immunoglobulin D and CD27 memory marker. These cells expand in elderly healthy individuals, but also accumulate prematurely in autoimmune and infectious diseases. COVID-19 is a pandemic infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus that was first observed in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In its more severe cases, COVID-19 causes severe pneumonia and acute respiratory syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have revealed that the extrafollicular DN2 B cell subset, previously described in lupus patients, does also expand in severe and/or critical groups of COVID-19 patients. These DN2 cells correlate with disease severity and laboratory parameters of inflammation. However, their exact role and function in COVID-19 require to be further investigated. In this review, we highlight the DN immune responses in both rheumatic diseases and COVID-19, and we point out the importance of clarifying DN’s role in the immunopathology of the aforementioned infection, as it could probably enable better management of rheumatic diseases during the pandemic. Of note, the symptomatology of COVID-19, as well as the potential outcome of death, have given rise to a worldwide concern and scare of exposition to SARS-CoV-2, especially among the rheumatological patients who believe to be at higher risk due to their immunological background and the immunosuppressive therapies. Nevertheless, there is no convincing evidence so far that these patients are truly at higher risk than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Sachinidis
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Garyfallos
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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13
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Sachinidis A, Garyfallos A. COVID-19 vaccination can occasionally trigger autoimmune phenomena, probably via inducing age-associated B cells. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 25:83-85. [PMID: 34766739 PMCID: PMC8652459 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Sachinidis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Garyfallos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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14
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Borgoni S, Kudryashova KS, Burka K, de Magalhães JP. Targeting immune dysfunction in aging. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101410. [PMID: 34280555 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human aging is a multifactorial phenomenon that affects numerous organ systems and cellular processes, with the immune system being one of the most dysregulated. Immunosenescence, the gradual deterioration of the immune system, and inflammaging, a chronic inflammatory state that persists in the elderly, are among the plethora of immune changes that occur during aging. Almost all populations of immune cells change with age in terms of numbers and/or activity. These alterations are in general highly detrimental, resulting in an increased susceptibility to infections, reduced healing abilities, and altered homeostasis that promote the emergence of age-associated diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and other diseases associated with inflammation. Thanks to recent developments, several strategies have been proposed to target central immunological processes or specific immune subpopulations affected by aging. These therapeutic approaches could soon be applied in the clinic to slow down or even reverse specific age-induced immune changes in order to rejuvenate the immune system and prevent or reduce the impact of various diseases. Due to its systemic nature and interconnection with all the other systems in the body, the immune system is an attractive target for aging intervention because relatively targeted modifications to a small set of cells have the potential to improve the health of multiple organ systems. Therefore, anti-aging immune targeting therapies could represent a potent approach for improving healthspan. Here, we review aging changes in the major components of the immune system, we summarize the current immune-targeting therapeutic approaches in the context of aging and discuss the future directions in the field of immune rejuvenation.
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15
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Bertelli R, Schena F, Antonini F, Reverberi D, Signa S, Pedemonte N, Consolaro A, Gattorno M, Negrini S, Pupo F, Volpi S, Ghiggeri GM. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Stimulate IgG2 Production From B Lymphocytes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:635436. [PMID: 33912575 PMCID: PMC8072216 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.635436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating autoantibodies of IgG2 isotype predominate in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and concur to the development of the renal lesions characteristic of Lupus Nephritis (LN). Anti-dsDNA and anti-histones IgG2, together with anti-podocyte proteins (i.e., α-enolase) are the major autoantibodies in serum and renal glomeruli of LN patients. The mechanisms underlying autoantibody formation and isotype switching in SLE and LN are unknown. A major issue is how DNA/histones are externalized from cell nucleus, driving the autoimmune response. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) have been recently identified as crucial players in this context, representing the main source of DNA and nucleosome proteins. A second key point is what regulates IgG2 isotype switching: in mouse models, T-bet transcription factor has been described as essential for IgG2a class switch. We hypothesized that, in SLE, NET formation is the key mechanism responsible for externalization of autoantigens (i.e., dsDNA, histones 2,3, and α-enolase) and that T-bet is upregulated by NETs, driving, in this way, immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR), with production of IgG2 autoantibodies. The data here presented show that NETs, purified from SLE patients, stimulate ex vivo IgG2 isotype class switch possibly through the induction of T-bet. Of note, we observed a prominent effect of NETs on the release of soluble IgG2 in SLE patients', but not in healthy donors' B cells. Our results add important knowledge on the mechanisms of IgG2 class switch in SLE and contribute to further elucidate the role of NETs in LN pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bertelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy.,Laboratory of Human Genetics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Schena
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Antonini
- Core Facilities Flow Cytometry and Cell Imaging Lab, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Reverberi
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Signa
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Children's Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pedemonte
- Complex Operative Unit (UOC) of Medical Genetics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Consolaro
- Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Negrini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pupo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Children's Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Ghiggeri
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy.,Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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16
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Sachinidis A, Xanthopoulos K, Garyfallos A. Age-Associated B Cells (ABCs) in the Prognosis, Diagnosis and Therapy of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Mediterr J Rheumatol 2020; 31:311-318. [PMID: 33163863 PMCID: PMC7641025 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.31.3.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The term “age-associated B cells” (ABCs) refers to a heterogeneous B cell subset (CD19+,CD21−, CD11c+,T-bet+) which is expanded in the elderly, but also accumulates prematurely in patients with autoimmune disorders and/or infectious diseases. In healthy individuals, ABCs represent a low prevalence population that positively impacts immunosenescence. In autoimmunity and infections though, ABCs expand dramatically and produce high titers of antibodies, thus playing a role in the regulation of humoral responses. Despite the fact that these observations were made on both mice and humans, the functional features of ABCs and their exact role in human health and disease are still elusive. This review focuses on ABC and ABC-like sub-populations found in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients (such as the double negative 2;DN2 population: CD19+,IgD−,CD27−, CXCR5−,T-bet+) and broaches the subject of their potential use as prognostic and/or diagnostic markers. The identification of novel biomarkers, via correlating the cell populations with the clinical profile of the patients, should enable better patient stratification and monitoring. Moreover, the necessity and importance of elucidating the role of transcription factor T-bet (TBX21) in the pathogenesis of human autoimmunity are addressed. T-bet, whose expression is upregulated in both mouse and human ABCs, is considered to play a major role in various aspects of autoimmunity, such as the production of autoreactive IgG, the enhanced antigen presentation to T cells and also the formation of spontaneous germinal centres (GC). Shedding light to its role in human disease, in conjunction with the characterisation of genes and pathways associated with the transcription factor itself, may lead to the discovery of novel druggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Sachinidis
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Xanthopoulos
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Garyfallos
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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17
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Abstract
The age-associated B cell subset has been the focus of increasing interest over the last decade. These cells have a unique cell surface phenotype and transcriptional signature, and they rely on TLR7 or TLR9 signals in the context of Th1 cytokines for their formation and activation. Most are antigen-experienced memory B cells that arise during responses to microbial infections and are key to pathogen clearance and control. Their increasing prevalence with age contributes to several well-established features of immunosenescence, including reduced B cell genesis and damped immune responses. In addition, they are elevated in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, and in these settings they are enriched for characteristic autoantibody specificities. Together, these features identify age-associated B cells as a subset with pivotal roles in immunological health, disease, and aging. Accordingly, a detailed understanding of their origins, functions, and physiology should make them tractable translational targets in each of these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Cancro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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18
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Pérez‐Mazliah D, Ndungu FM, Aye R, Langhorne J. B-cell memory in malaria: Myths and realities. Immunol Rev 2020; 293:57-69. [PMID: 31733075 PMCID: PMC6972598 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
B-cell and antibody responses to Plasmodium spp., the parasite that causes malaria, are critical for control of parasitemia and associated immunopathology. Antibodies also provide protection to reinfection. Long-lasting B-cell memory has been shown to occur in response to Plasmodium spp. in experimental model infections, and in human malaria. However, there are reports that antibody responses to several malaria antigens in young children living with malaria are not similarly long-lived, suggesting a dysfunction in the maintenance of circulating antibodies. Some studies attribute this to the expansion of atypical memory B cells (AMB), which express multiple inhibitory receptors and activation markers, and are hyporesponsive to B-cell receptor (BCR) restimulation in vitro. AMB are also expanded in other chronic infections such as tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C, and HIV, as well as in autoimmunity and old age, highlighting the importance of understanding their role in immunity. Whether AMB are dysfunctional remains controversial, as there are also studies in other infections showing that AMB can produce isotype-switched antibodies and in mouse can contribute to protection against infection. In light of these controversies, we review the most recent literature on either side of the debate and challenge some of the currently held views regarding B-cell responses to Plasmodium infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Pérez‐Mazliah
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteHull York Medical SchoolUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | | | - Racheal Aye
- Department of Immunology and Infectious DiseaseJohn Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
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19
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Fraussen J, Marquez S, Takata K, Beckers L, Montes Diaz G, Zografou C, Van Wijmeersch B, Villar LM, O'Connor KC, Kleinstein SH, Somers V. Phenotypic and Ig Repertoire Analyses Indicate a Common Origin of IgD -CD27 - Double Negative B Cells in Healthy Individuals and Multiple Sclerosis Patients. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1650-1664. [PMID: 31391234 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IgD-CD27- double negative (DN) B cells with proinflammatory characteristics are abnormally elevated in a proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. In this study, the origin and selection characteristics of DN B cells were studied in MS patients and healthy controls (HC). Expression of developmental markers on peripheral blood DN, IgD-CD27+ class-switched memory (CSM) and IgD+CD27- naive B cells of HC (n = 48) and MS patients (n = 96) was determined by flow cytometry. High-throughput adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing was performed on peripheral blood DN and CSM B cells of HC and MS patients (n = 3 each). DN B cells from HC and MS patients showed similar phenotypic and Ig repertoire characteristics. Phenotypic analysis indicated a mature state of DN B cells by low CD5, CD10, and CD38 expression. However, the frequency of CD95+ and IgA+ cells was lower in DN versus CSM B cells. DN B cells are Ag experienced, as shown by somatic hypermutation of their Ig genes in adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing, although they showed a lower mutation load than CSM B cells. Shared clones were found between DN and CSM B cells, although >95% of the clones were unique to each population, and differences in V(D)J usage and CDR3 physicochemical properties were found. Thus, DN B cells arise in HC and MS patients via a common developmental pathway that is probably linked to immune aging. However, DN and CSM B cells develop through unique differentiation pathways, with most DN B cells representing an earlier maturation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Fraussen
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Susanna Marquez
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Kazushiro Takata
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Lien Beckers
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Gwendoline Montes Diaz
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Bart Van Wijmeersch
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.,Rehabilitation and MS-Center, 3900 Pelt, Belgium
| | - Luisa M Villar
- Departamento de Inmunologia, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kevin C O'Connor
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519; .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and
| | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and.,Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Veerle Somers
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
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20
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Zumaquero E, Stone SL, Scharer CD, Jenks SA, Nellore A, Mousseau B, Rosal-Vela A, Botta D, Bradley JE, Wojciechowski W, Ptacek T, Danila MI, Edberg JC, Bridges SL, Kimberly RP, Chatham WW, Schoeb TR, Rosenberg AF, Boss JM, Sanz I, Lund FE. IFNγ induces epigenetic programming of human T-bet hi B cells and promotes TLR7/8 and IL-21 induced differentiation. eLife 2019; 8:e41641. [PMID: 31090539 PMCID: PMC6544433 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although B cells expressing the IFNγR or the IFNγ-inducible transcription factor T-bet promote autoimmunity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)-prone mouse models, the role for IFNγ signaling in human antibody responses is unknown. We show that elevated levels of IFNγ in SLE patients correlate with expansion of the T-bet expressing IgDnegCD27negCD11c+CXCR5neg (DN2) pre-antibody secreting cell (pre-ASC) subset. We demonstrate that naïve B cells form T-bethi pre-ASCs following stimulation with either Th1 cells or with IFNγ, IL-2, anti-Ig and TLR7/8 ligand and that IL-21 dependent ASC formation is significantly enhanced by IFNγ or IFNγ-producing T cells. IFNγ promotes ASC development by synergizing with IL-2 and TLR7/8 ligands to induce genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming of B cells, which results in increased chromatin accessibility surrounding IRF4 and BLIMP1 binding motifs and epigenetic remodeling of IL21R and PRDM1 loci. Finally, we show that IFNγ signals poise B cells to differentiate by increasing their responsiveness to IL-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Zumaquero
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Sara L Stone
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Christopher D Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of RheumatologyEmory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Scott A Jenks
- Department of Medicine, Division of RheumatologyEmory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Anoma Nellore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious DiseaseThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Betty Mousseau
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Davide Botta
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - John E Bradley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Wojciech Wojciechowski
- Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource LaboratoryUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterUnited States
| | - Travis Ptacek
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
- Informatics Group, Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Maria I Danila
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Jeffrey C Edberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - S Louis Bridges
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Robert P Kimberly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - W Winn Chatham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Trenton R Schoeb
- Department of Genetics, Animal Resources ProgramThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Alexander F Rosenberg
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
- The Informatics InstituteThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Jeremy M Boss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of RheumatologyEmory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Ignacio Sanz
- Department of Medicine, Division of RheumatologyEmory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Frances E Lund
- Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
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21
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Knox JJ, Myles A, Cancro MP. T-bet + memory B cells: Generation, function, and fate. Immunol Rev 2019; 288:149-160. [PMID: 30874358 PMCID: PMC6626622 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
B cells expressing the transcription factor T-bet have emerged as participants in a number of protective and pathogenic immune responses. T-bet+ B cells characteristically differentiate in response to combined Toll-like receptor and cytokine signaling, contribute to protective immunity against intracellular pathogens via IgG2a/c production and antibody-independent mechanisms, and are prone to produce autoantibodies. Despite recent advances, a number of questions remain regarding the basic biology of T-bet+ B cells and their functional niche within the immune system. Herein, we review the discovery and defining characteristics of the T-bet+ B cell subset in both mice and humans. We further discuss their origins, the basis for their persistence, and their potential fate in vivo. Evidence indicates that T-bet+ B cells represent a distinct, germinal center-derived memory population that may serve as an important therapeutic target for the improvement of humoral immunity and prevention of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Knox
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Arpita Myles
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael P. Cancro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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22
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Ma S, Wang C, Mao X, Hao Y. B Cell Dysfunction Associated With Aging and Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:318. [PMID: 30873171 PMCID: PMC6400972 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired humoral responses, as well as an increased propensity for autoimmunity, play an important role in the development of immune system dysfunction associated with aging. Accumulation of a subset of atypical B cells, termed age-associated B cells (ABCs), is one of the key age-related changes in B cell compartments. ABCs are characterized by their distinct phenotypes, gene expression profiles, special survival requirements, variations in B cell receptor repertoires, and unique functions. Here, we summarize recent progress in the knowledge base related to the features of ABCs, their potential role in immune senescence, and their relationship with autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Ma
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengwei Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinru Mao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Liechti T, Roederer M. OMIP-051 - 28-color flow cytometry panel to characterize B cells and myeloid cells. Cytometry A 2018; 95:150-155. [PMID: 30549419 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Liechti
- ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mario Roederer
- ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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24
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Age (autoimmunity) associated B cells (ABCs) and their relatives. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 55:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Romero-Ramírez S, Navarro-Hernandez IC, Cervantes-Díaz R, Sosa-Hernández VA, Acevedo-Ochoa E, Kleinberg-Bild A, Valle-Rios R, Meza-Sánchez DE, Hernández-Hernández JM, Maravillas-Montero JL. Innate-like B cell subsets during immune responses: Beyond antibody production. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:843-856. [PMID: 30457676 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr0618-227r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphocytes are recognized for their crucial role in the adaptive immunity since they represent the only leukocyte lineage capable of differentiating into Ab-secreting cells. However, it has been demonstrated that these lymphocytes can exert several Ab-independent functions, including engulfing and processing Ags for presentation to T cells, secreting soluble mediators, providing co-stimulatory signals, and even participating in lymphoid tissues development. Beyond that, several reports claiming the existence of multiple B cell subsets contributing directly to innate immune responses have appeared. These "innate-like" B lymphocytes, whose phenotype, development pathways, tissue distribution, and functions are in most cases notoriously different from those of conventional B cells, are crucial to early protective responses against pathogens by exerting "crossover" defensive strategies that blur the established boundaries of innate and adaptive branches of immunity. Examples of these mechanisms include the rapid secretion of the polyspecific natural Abs, increased susceptibility to innate receptors-mediated activation, cytokine secretion, downstream priming of other innate cells, usage of specific variable immunoglobulin gene-segments, and other features. As these new insights emerge, it is becoming preponderant to redefine the functionality of B cells beyond their classical adaptive-immune tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Romero-Ramírez
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itze C Navarro-Hernandez
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Cervantes-Díaz
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Víctor A Sosa-Hernández
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Acevedo-Ochoa
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ari Kleinberg-Bild
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Valle-Rios
- División de Investigación de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David E Meza-Sánchez
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José M Hernández-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José L Maravillas-Montero
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
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26
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Pérez-Mazliah D, Gardner PJ, Schweighoffer E, McLaughlin S, Hosking C, Tumwine I, Davis RS, Potocnik AJ, Tybulewicz VL, Langhorne J. Plasmodium-specific atypical memory B cells are short-lived activated B cells. eLife 2018; 7:39800. [PMID: 30387712 PMCID: PMC6242553 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of atypical memory B cells accumulates in malaria and several infections, autoimmune disorders and aging in both humans and mice. It has been suggested these cells are exhausted long-lived memory B cells, and their accumulation may contribute to poor acquisition of long-lasting immunity to certain chronic infections, such as malaria and HIV. Here, we generated an immunoglobulin heavy chain knock-in mouse with a BCR that recognizes MSP1 of the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium chabaudi. In combination with a mosquito-initiated P. chabaudi infection, we show that Plasmodium-specific atypical memory B cells are short-lived and disappear upon natural resolution of chronic infection. These cells show features of activation, proliferation, DNA replication, and plasmablasts. Our data demonstrate that Plasmodium-specific atypical memory B cells are not a subset of long-lived memory B cells, but rather short-lived activated cells, and part of a physiologic ongoing B-cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter J Gardner
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Randall S Davis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States.,Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
| | - Alexandre J Potocnik
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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27
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Tsay GJ, Zouali M. The Interplay Between Innate-Like B Cells and Other Cell Types in Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1064. [PMID: 29868023 PMCID: PMC5964140 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies performed in animal models and in humans indicate that the innate arm of the immune system provides an essential role in the initial protection against potential insults and in maintaining tolerance to self-antigens. In the B cell compartment, several subsets engage in both adaptive and innate functions. Whereas B cell subsets are recognized to play important roles in autoimmune diseases, understanding the intricacies of their effector functions remains challenging. In addition to B-1a cells and marginal zone B cells, the B cell compartment comprises other B cells with innate-like functions, including innate response activator B cells, T-bet positive B cells, natural killer-like B cells, IL-17-producing B cells, and human self-reactive VH4-34-expressing B cells. Herein, we summarize the functions of recently described B cell populations that can exert innate-like roles in both animal models and humans. We also highlight the importance of the cross talk between innate-like B cells and other adaptive and innate branches of the immune system in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In as much as innate immunity seems to be important in resolving inflammation, it is possible that targeting certain innate-like B cell subsets could represent a novel therapeutic approach for inducing resolution of inflammation of autoimmune and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Tsay
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Moncef Zouali
- INSERM, U1132, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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