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Raykhel I, Ronkainen VP, Myllyharju J, Manninen A. HIF2α-dependent Dock4/Rac1-signaling regulates formation of adherens junctions and cell polarity in normoxia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12153. [PMID: 38802496 PMCID: PMC11130225 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) 1 and 2 regulate similar but distinct sets of target genes. Although HIFs are best known for their roles in mediating the hypoxia response accumulating evidence suggests that under certain conditions HIFs, particularly HIF2, may function also under normoxic conditions. Here we report that HIF2α functions under normoxic conditions in kidney epithelial cells to regulate formation of adherens junctions. HIF2α expression was required to induce Dock4/Rac1/Pak1-signaling mediating stability and compaction of E-cadherin at nascent adherens junctions. Impaired adherens junction formation in HIF2α- or Dock4-deficient cells led to aberrant cyst morphogenesis in 3D kidney epithelial cell cultures. Taken together, we show that HIF2α functions in normoxia to regulate epithelial morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Raykhel
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Extracellular Matrix and Hypoxia Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - V-P Ronkainen
- Extracellular Matrix and Hypoxia Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Myllyharju
- Extracellular Matrix and Hypoxia Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - A Manninen
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Lee SR, Lee HE, Yoo JY, An EJ, Song SJ, Han KH, Cha DR, Bae YS. Nox4-SH3YL1 complex is involved in diabetic nephropathy. iScience 2024; 27:108868. [PMID: 38318360 PMCID: PMC10839645 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nox4-derived H2O2 generation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, we showed that SH3 domain-containing Ysc84-like 1 (SH3YL1), a Nox4 cytosolic activator, regulated DN. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type Ⅰ diabetic models in SH3YL1 whole-body knockout (KO) mice and podocyte-specific SH3YL1 conditional KO (Nphs2-Cre/SH3YL1fl/fl) mice were established to investigate the function of SH3YL1 in DN. The expression of fibrosis markers and inflammatory cytokines, the generation of oxidative stress, and the loss of podocytes were suppressed in diabetic SH3YL1 KO and Nphs2-Cre/SH3YL1fl/fl mice, compared to diabetic control mice. To extrapolate the observations derived from diabetic mice to clinical implication, we measured the protein level of SH3YL1 in patients DN. In fact, the SH3YL1 level was increased in patients DN. Overall, the SH3YL1-Nox4 complex was identified to play an important role in renal inflammation and fibrosis, resulting in the development of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Rom Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Eun Jung An
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Song
- Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Ki-Hwan Han
- Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Dae Ryong Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516 Kojan-Dong, Ansan City, Kyungki-Do 15355, Korea
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Trang KB, Pahl MC, Pippin JA, Su C, Littleton SH, Sharma P, Kulkarni NN, Ghanem LR, Terry NA, O’Brien JM, Wagley Y, Hankenson KD, Jermusyk A, Hoskins JW, Amundadottir LT, Xu M, Brown KM, Anderson SA, Yang W, Titchenell PM, Seale P, Cook L, Levings MK, Zemel BS, Chesi A, Wells AD, Grant SF. 3D genomic features across >50 diverse cell types reveal insights into the genomic architecture of childhood obesity. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.08.30.23294092. [PMID: 37693606 PMCID: PMC10491377 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.23294092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing worldwide, along with the associated common comorbidities of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in later life. Motivated by evidence for a strong genetic component, our prior genome-wide association study (GWAS) efforts for childhood obesity revealed 19 independent signals for the trait; however, the mechanism of action of these loci remains to be elucidated. To molecularly characterize these childhood obesity loci we sought to determine the underlying causal variants and the corresponding effector genes within diverse cellular contexts. Integrating childhood obesity GWAS summary statistics with our existing 3D genomic datasets for 57 human cell types, consisting of high-resolution promoter-focused Capture-C/Hi-C, ATAC-seq, and RNA-seq, we applied stratified LD score regression and calculated the proportion of genome-wide SNP heritability attributable to cell type-specific features, revealing pancreatic alpha cell enrichment as the most statistically significant. Subsequent chromatin contact-based fine-mapping was carried out for genome-wide significant childhood obesity loci and their linkage disequilibrium proxies to implicate effector genes, yielded the most abundant number of candidate variants and target genes at the BDNF, ADCY3, TMEM18 and FTO loci in skeletal muscle myotubes and the pancreatic beta-cell line, EndoC-BH1. One novel implicated effector gene, ALKAL2 - an inflammation-responsive gene in nerve nociceptors - was observed at the key TMEM18 locus across multiple immune cell types. Interestingly, this observation was also supported through colocalization analysis using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) derived from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) dataset, supporting an inflammatory and neurologic component to the pathogenesis of childhood obesity. Our comprehensive appraisal of 3D genomic datasets generated in a myriad of different cell types provides genomic insights into pediatric obesity pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh B. Trang
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew C. Pahl
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James A. Pippin
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chun Su
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sheridan H. Littleton
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Prabhat Sharma
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nikhil N. Kulkarni
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Louis R. Ghanem
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Natalie A. Terry
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joan M. O’Brien
- Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
- Penn Medicine Center for Ophthalmic Genetics in Complex Disease
| | - Yadav Wagley
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kurt D. Hankenson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ashley Jermusyk
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason W. Hoskins
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laufey T. Amundadottir
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mai Xu
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin M Brown
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stewart A. Anderson
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wenli Yang
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul M. Titchenell
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick Seale
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura Cook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Megan K. Levings
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Babette S. Zemel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew D. Wells
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Struan F.A. Grant
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Leng XF, Wang GF, Yin H, Wei F, Zeng KK, Zhang YQ. Comprehensive Analysis Identifies the PPAR-Targeted Genes Associated with Ovarian Cancer Prognosis and Tumor Microenvironment. PPAR Res 2023; 2023:6637414. [PMID: 37213709 PMCID: PMC10195182 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6637414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a significant role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the development of cancer. Nevertheless, the role of PPARs-related genes in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. Methods The open-accessed data used for analysis were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, which was analyzed using the R software. Results In our study, we comprehensively investigated the PPAR target genes in OC, including their biological role. Meanwhile, a prognosis signature consisting of eight PPAR target genes was established, including apolipoprotein A-V, UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4, TSC22 domain family, member 1, growth hormone inducible transmembrane protein, renin, dedicator of cytokinesis 4, enoyl CoA hydratase 1, peroxisomal (ECH1), and angiopoietin-like 4, which showed a good prediction efficiency. A nomogram was constructed by combining the clinical feature and risk score. Immune infiltration and biological enrichment analysis were applied to investigate the difference between high- and low-risk patients. Immunotherapy analysis indicated that low-risk patients might respond better to immunotherapy. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that high-risk patients might respond better to bleomycin, nilotinib, pazopanib, pyrimethamine, and vinorelbine, yet worse to cisplatin and gefitinib. Furthermore, the gene ECH1 was selected for further analysis. Conclusions Our study identified a prognosis signature that could effectively indicates patients survival. Meanwhile, our study can provide the direction for future studies focused on the PPARs in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Leng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Gao-Fa Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Kang-Kang Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yi-Qun Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 251, Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
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5
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Investigating anticancer potency of in vitro propagated endemic Thymus cilicicus Boiss. & Bal. extract on human lung, breast, and prostate cancer cell lines. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Lu Y, Yu J, Dong Q, Du Y, Liang Z. DOCK4 as a Potential Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Stomach Adenocarcinoma: A Database Analysis. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:6127-6143. [PMID: 35846794 PMCID: PMC9286484 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s357096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The involvement of dedicator for cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1, in immune infiltration in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remains unclear. Methods The UALCAN database was used to analyze the expression of the DOCK family. The Kaplan–Meier method and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases were used to assess the prognostic value of the DOCK family in STAD. Furthermore, the correlation between expression of DOCK4 as well as other immune-related marker genes and tumor immune infiltration in STAD was explored using the TIMER and GEPIA websites. Subsequently, the relationship between DOCK4 expression and clinical characteristics was verified using the UALCAN database. Finally, DOCK4 mutation was analyzed via the TIMER2.0 and cBioPortal databases and the DOCK4 protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using the GeneMANIA and STRING websites. Results DOCK4 was found to be a new prognostic biomarker in STAD. DOCK4 expression in tumors was thoroughly evaluated relative to paracancerous tissues; overexpression of DOCK4 had a negative impact on the prognosis of patients with STAD. DOCK4 was found to be significantly associated with tumor immune infiltration in STAD. Conclusion In summary, DOCK4 is a potential regulator of the recruitment and regulation of immune-infiltrating cells, thus serving as a valuable prognostic biomarker in STAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuping Dong
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin's Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Operating Theatre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Liang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Hanoudi SN, Talwar H, Draghici S, Samavati L. Autoantibodies against cytoskeletons and lysosomal trafficking discriminate sarcoidosis from healthy controls, tuberculosis and lung cancers. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:3. [PMID: 35048206 PMCID: PMC8770712 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Hypergammaglobulinemia and the presence of autoantibodies in sarcoidosis suggest active humoral immunity to unknown antigen(s). We developed a complex cDNA library derived from tissues of sarcoidosis patients. Using a high throughput method, we constructed a microarray platform from this cDNA library containing large numbers of sarcoidosis clones. After selective biopanning, 1070 sarcoidosis-specifc clones were arrayed and immunoscreend with 152 sera from patients with sarcoidosis and other pulmonary diseases. To identify the sarcoidosis classifiers two statistical approaches were conducted: First, we identified significant biomarkers between sarcoidosis and healthy controls, and second identified markers comparing sarcoidosis to all other groups. At the threshold of an False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.01, we identified 14 clones in the first approach and 12 clones in the second approach discriminating sarcoidosis from other groups. We used the classifiers to build a naïve Bayes model on the training-set and validated it on an independent test-set. The first approach yielded an AUC of 0.947 using 14 significant clones with a sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.88, whereas the AUC of the second option was 0.92 with a sensitivity of 0.96 and specificity of 0.83. These results suggest robust classifier performance. Furthermore, we characterized the informative phage clones by sequencing and homology searches. Large numbers of classifier-clones were peptides involved in cellular trafficking and cytoskeletons. These results show that sarcoidosis is associated with a specific pattern of immunoreactivity that can discriminate it from other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harvinder Talwar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3990 John R, 3 Hudson, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Sorin Draghici
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Lobelia Samavati
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3990 John R, 3 Hudson, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
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Zeng RJ, Xie WJ, Zheng CW, Chen WX, Wang SM, Li Z, Cheng CB, Zou HY, Xu LY, Li EM. Role of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors in non-small cell lung cancer. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11169-11187. [PMID: 34783629 PMCID: PMC8810164 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2006519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are known activators of Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) that promote tumorigenesis. However, the role of Rho GEFs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains largely unknown. Through the screening of 81 Rho GEFs for their expression profiles and correlations with survival, four of them were identified with strong significance for predicting the prognosis of NSCLC patients. The four Rho GEFs, namely ABR, PREX1, DOCK2 and DOCK4, were downregulated in NSCLC tissues compared to normal tissues. The downregulation of ABR, PREX1, DOCK2 and DOCK4, which can be attributfed to promoter methylation, is correlated with poor prognosis. The underexpression of the four key Rho GEFs might be related to the upregulation of MYC signaling and DNA repair pathways, leading to carcinogenesis and poor prognosis. Moreover, overexpression of ABR was shown to have a tumor-suppressive effect in PC9 and H1703 cells. In conclusion, the data reveal the unprecedented role of ABR as tumor suppressor in NSCLC. The previously unnoticed functions of Rho GEFs in NSCLC will inspire researchers to investigate the distinct roles of Rho GEFs in cancers, in order to provide critical strategies in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jie Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, GuangzhouChina
| | - Wei-Jie Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
| | - Chun-Wen Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
| | - Wan-Xian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
| | - Si-Meng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
| | - Chi-Bin Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
| | - Hai-Ying Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- CONTACT Li-Yan Xu Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou515041, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, ShantouChina
- En-Min Li The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area Shantou University Medical College, Shantou515041, China
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Qin T, Yang J, Huang D, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Chen H, Xu G. DOCK4 stimulates MUC2 production through its effect on goblet cell differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6507-6519. [PMID: 33559155 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa is in continuous contact with milliard of microorganisms, thus intestinal epithelial barrier is a critical component in the arsenal of defense mechanisms required to prevent infection and inflammation. Mucin 2 (MUC2), which is produced by the goblet cells, forms the skeleton of the intestinal mucus and protects the intestinal tract from self-digestion and numerous microorganisms. Dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4) is a member of the DOCK-B subfamily of the DOCK family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors. It is reported that DOCK4 plays a critical role in the repair of the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium after chemical damage. In this study, the role of DOCK4 in the goblet cell differentiation and MUC2 production is explored. Disordered intestinal epithelium and shortage of goblet cells were observed in DOCK4 gene knockout mice. Furthermore, DOCK4 deletion contributed to the low expression of MUC2 and the goblet cell differentiation/maturation factors including growth factor independent 1 (Gfi1) and SAM pointed domain epithelial-specific transcription factor (Spdef) in mouse ileums and colons. Overexpression of DOCK4 caused a marked increase in Gfi1, Spdef, and MUC2, while siRNA knockdown of endogenous DOCK4 significantly decreased Gfi1, Spdef, and MUC2 in HT-29 cells. In addition, MUC2, DOCK4, and the goblet cell differentiation/maturation factors mRNA levels were decreased in colorectal cancer samples compared with normal colons. A significant positive correlation was found between MUC2 and DOCK4. In conclusion, DOCK4 may serve as a critical regulator of goblet cell differentiation and MUC2 production in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dayin Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanling Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Cell-Gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geyang Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Variable Distribution of DOCK-D Proteins between Cytosol and Nucleoplasm in Cell Lines, Effect of Interleukin-4 on DOCK10 in B-Cell Lymphoid Neoplasms, and Validation of a New DOCK10 Antiserum for Immunofluorescence Studies. Antibodies (Basel) 2021; 10:antib10030033. [PMID: 34449554 PMCID: PMC8395434 DOI: 10.3390/antib10030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedicator-of-cytokinesis (DOCK), a family of guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), comprises four subfamilies, named from A to D. DOCK-D comprises DOCK9, DOCK10, and DOCK11. The GEF activity involves translocation from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane (PM), as assessed by the transfection of tagged proteins. However, the cellular localization of endogenous DOCK proteins is poorly understood. In this paper, to gain a better understanding of the role of the DOCK-D proteins, we studied their distribution between cytosol and nucleoplasm in 11 cell lines. DOCK-D proteins were distributed with variable cytosolic or nuclear predominance, although the latter was common for DOCK9 and DOCK11. These results suggest that the DOCK-D proteins may perform new nuclear functions, which remain to be discovered. Furthermore, we found that DOCK10 levels are increased by interleukin-4 (IL-4) in B-cell lymphoid neoplasms other than chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) such as mantle cell lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. We also found evidence for an induction of the cytosolic levels of DOCK10 by IL-4 in CLL. Finally, we obtained a valid DOCK10 antiserum for immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy that, as an antibody against the hemagglutinin (HA) tag, marked PM ruffles and filopodia in HeLa cells with inducible expression of HA-DOCK10.
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11
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Yesilkanal AE, Yang D, Valdespino A, Tiwari P, Sabino AU, Nguyen LC, Lee J, Xie XH, Sun S, Dann C, Robinson-Mailman L, Steinberg E, Stuhlmiller T, Frankenberger C, Goldsmith E, Johnson GL, Ramos AF, Rosner MR. Limited inhibition of multiple nodes in a driver network blocks metastasis. eLife 2021; 10:e59696. [PMID: 33973518 PMCID: PMC8128439 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis suppression by high-dose, multi-drug targeting is unsuccessful due to network heterogeneity and compensatory network activation. Here, we show that targeting driver network signaling capacity by limited inhibition of core pathways is a more effective anti-metastatic strategy. This principle underlies the action of a physiological metastasis suppressor, Raf Kinase Inhibitory Protein (RKIP), that moderately decreases stress-regulated MAP kinase network activity, reducing output to transcription factors such as pro-metastastic BACH1 and motility-related target genes. We developed a low-dose four-drug mimic that blocks metastatic colonization in mouse breast cancer models and increases survival. Experiments and network flow modeling show limited inhibition of multiple pathways is required to overcome variation in MAPK network topology and suppress signaling output across heterogeneous tumor cells. Restricting inhibition of individual kinases dissipates surplus signal, preventing threshold activation of compensatory kinase networks. This low-dose multi-drug approach to decrease signaling capacity of driver networks represents a transformative, clinically relevant strategy for anti-metastatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ekrem Yesilkanal
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Dongbo Yang
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Andrea Valdespino
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Payal Tiwari
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Alan U Sabino
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina and Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades; University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Long Chi Nguyen
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Xiao-He Xie
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Siqi Sun
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Christopher Dann
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | | | - Ethan Steinberg
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Timothy Stuhlmiller
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Casey Frankenberger
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | | | - Gary L Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Alexandre F Ramos
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina and Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades; University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Marsha R Rosner
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
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12
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Zhu S, Hou S, Lu Y, Sheng W, Cui Z, Dong T, Feng H, Wan Q. USP36-Mediated Deubiquitination of DOCK4 Contributes to the Diabetic Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Injury via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:638477. [PMID: 33968925 PMCID: PMC8102983 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.638477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease but the efficacy of current treatment remains unsatisfactory. The pathogenesis of DKD needs a more in-depth research. Ubiquitin specific proteases 36 (USP36), a member of deubiquitinating enzymes family, has aroused wide concerns for its role in deubiquitinating and stabilizing target proteins. Nevertheless, the role of USP36 in diabetes has never been reported yet. Herein, we identified an increased expression of USP36 both in vitro and in vivo in diabetic renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), and its overexpression is related to the enhanced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further investigation into the mechanisms proved that USP36 could directly bind to and mediate the deubiquitination of dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that could activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and induce EMT. Our study revealed a new mechanism that USP36 participates in the pathogenesis of DKD, and provided potential intervening targets accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwei Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaoshuai Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Department of Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tianyi Dong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Feng
- Department of Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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13
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Yang K, Wu Y. A prognosis-related molecular subtype for early-stage non-small lung cell carcinoma by multi-omics integration analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:128. [PMID: 33549049 PMCID: PMC7866742 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounts for more than 80% of lung cancer, which is a kind of cancer with high heterogeneity, so the genetic heterogeneity and molecular subtype should be explored. Methods Partitioning Around Medoid algorithm was used to acquire the molecular subtype for early-stage NSCLC based on prognosis-related mRNAs and methylation sites. Random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to build prediction models for subtypes. Results Six prognosis-related subtypes for early-stage NSCLC, including 4 subtypes for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and 2 subtypes for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), were identified. There were highly expressed and hypermethylated gene regions for LUSC-C1 and LUAD-C2, highly expressed region for LUAD-C1, and hypermethylated regions for LUSC-C3 and LUSC-C4. Molecular subtypes for LUSC were mainly determined by DNA methylation (14 mRNAs and 362 methylation sites). Molecular subtypes for LUAD were determined by both mRNA and DNA methylation information (143 mRNAs and 458 methylation sites). Ten methylation sites were selected as biomarkers for prediction of LUSC-C1 and LUSC-C3, respectively. Nine genes and 1 methylation site were selected as biomarkers for LUAD subtype prediction. These subtypes can be predicted by the selected biomarkers with RF and SVM models. Conclusions In conclusion, we proposed a prognosis-related molecular subtype for early-stage NSCLC, which can provide important information for personalized therapy of patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07846-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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14
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DOCK4 Is a Platinum-Chemosensitive and Prognostic-Related Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer. PPAR Res 2021; 2021:6629842. [PMID: 33613670 PMCID: PMC7878079 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6629842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma (OV) is a lethal gynecological malignancy. Most OV patients develop resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy and recurrence. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are the ligand activating transcription factor of the nuclear receptor superfamily. PPARs as important transcriptional regulators regulate important physiological processes such as lipid metabolism, inflammation, and wound healing. Several reports point out that PPARs can also have an effect on the sensitivity of tumor cells to platinum-based chemotherapy drugs. However, the role of PPAR-target related genes (PPAR-TRGs) in chemotherapeutic resistance of OV remains unclear. The present study is aimed at optimizing candidate genes by integrating platinum-chemotherapy expression data and PPAR family genes with their targets. The gene expression profiles were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A total of 4 genes (AP2A2, DOCK4, HSDL2, and PDK4) were the candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of PPAR-TRGs with platinum chemosensitivity. After conducting numerous survival analyses using different cohorts, we found that only the upexpression of DOCK4 has important significance with the poor prognosis of OV patients. Meanwhile, DOCK4 is detected in plasma and enriched in neutrophil and monocyte cells of the blood. We further found that there were significant correlations between DOCK4 expression and the levels of CD4+ T cell infiltration, dendritic cell infiltration, and neutrophil infiltration in OV. In addition, we verified the expression level of DOCK4 in OV cell lines treated with platinum drugs and found that DOCK4 is potentially responsive to platinum drugs. In conclusion, DOCK4 is potentially associated with immune cell infiltration and represents a valuable prognostic biomarker in ovarian cancer patients.
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15
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Cancer stem cell transcriptome landscape reveals biomarkers driving breast carcinoma heterogeneity. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:89-98. [PMID: 33389402 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast carcinomas are heterogeneous diseases with distinct clinical outcomes and cancer stem cell (CSC) percentages. Exploring breast carcinoma stem cell landscape could help understand the heterogeneity of such cancers with profound clinical relevance. METHODS We conducted transcriptional profiling of CSCs and non-stem cancer cells isolated from three triple-negative breast carcinoma cell lines, analyzed the CSC transcriptome landscape that drives breast carcinoma heterogeneity through differentially expressed gene identification, gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses as well as network construction, and experimentally validated the network hub gene. RESULTS We identified a CSC feature panel consisting of 122 and 381 over-represented and under-expressed genes capable of differentiating breast carcinoma subtypes. We also underpinned the prominent roles of the PI3K-AKT pathway in empowering carcinoma cells with uncontrolled proliferative and migrative abilities that ultimately foster cancer stemness, and revealed the potential promotive roles of ATP6V1B1 on breast carcinoma stemness through functional in vitro studies. CONCLUSIONS Our study contributes in identifying a CSC feature panel for breast carcinomas that drives breast carcinoma heterogeneity at the transcriptional level, which provides a reservoir for diagnostic marker and/or therapeutic target identification once experimentally validated as demonstrated by ATP6V1B1.
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16
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ShcD Binds DOCK4, Promotes Ameboid Motility and Metastasis Dissemination, Predicting Poor Prognosis in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113366. [PMID: 33202906 PMCID: PMC7696252 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastasis formation and dissemination is a complex process that relies on several steps. Even though highly inefficient, metastasis spreading is the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the molecular pathways leading to metastases making use of human-in-mouse melanoma models of patient-derived xenografts. We demonstrate that the modulation of the expression of an adaptor protein of the Shc family, ShcD, can change the phenotype and the invasive properties of melanoma cells when highly expressed. We also show that ShcD binds DOCK4 and confines it into the cytoplasm, blocking the Rac1 signaling pathways, thus leading to metastasis development. Moreover, our results indicate that melanoma cells are more sensitive to therapeutic treatments when the ShcD molecular pathway is inactivated, suggesting that new therapeutic strategies can be designed in melanomas. Abstract Metastases are the primary cause of cancer-related deaths. The underlying molecular and biological mechanisms remain, however, elusive, thus preventing the design of specific therapies. In melanomas, the metastatic process is influenced by the acquisition of metastasis-associated mutational and epigenetic traits and the activation of metastatic-specific signaling pathways in the primary melanoma. In the current study, we investigated the role of an adaptor protein of the Shc family (ShcD) in the acquisition of metastatic properties by melanoma cells, exploiting our cohort of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). We provide evidence that the depletion of ShcD expression increases a spread cell shape and the capability of melanoma cells to attach to the extracellular matrix while its overexpression switches their morphology from elongated to rounded on 3D matrices, enhances cells’ invasive phenotype, as observed on collagen gel, and favors metastasis formation in vivo. ShcD overexpression sustains amoeboid movement in melanoma cells, by suppressing the Rac1 signaling pathway through the confinement of DOCK4 in the cytoplasm. Inactivation of the ShcD signaling pathway makes melanoma cells more sensitive to therapeutic treatments. Consistently, ShcD expression predicts poor outcome in a cohort of 183 primary melanoma patients.
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17
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Yoo JY, Cha DR, Kim B, An EJ, Lee SR, Cha JJ, Kang YS, Ghee JY, Han JY, Bae YS. LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Is Mediated by Nox4-SH3YL1. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108245. [PMID: 33086058 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic proteins are required for regulation of NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase (Nox) isozymes. Here we show that Src homology 3 (SH3) domain-containing YSC84-like 1 (SH3YL1), as a Nox4 cytosolic regulator, mediates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced H2O2 generation, leading to acute kidney injury. The SH3YL1, Ysc84p/Lsb4p, Lsb3p, and plant FYVE proteins (SYLF) region and SH3 domain of SH3YL1 contribute to formation of a complex with Nox4-p22phox. Interaction of p22phox with SH3YL1 is triggered by LPS, and the complex induces H2O2 generation and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in mouse tubular epithelial cells. After LPS injection, SH3YL1 knockout mice show lower levels of acute kidney injury biomarkers, decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased infiltration of macrophages, and reduced tubular damage compared with wild-type (WT) mice. The results strongly suggest that SH3YL1 is involved in renal failure in LPS-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) mice. We demonstrate that formation of a ternary complex of p22phox-SH3YL1-Nox4, leading to H2O2 generation, induces severe renal failure in the LPS-induced AKI model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Dae Ryong Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516 Kojan-Dong, Ansan City, Kyungki-Do 425-020, Korea
| | - Borim Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Eun Jung An
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Sae Rom Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Jin Joo Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516 Kojan-Dong, Ansan City, Kyungki-Do 425-020, Korea
| | - Young Sun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516 Kojan-Dong, Ansan City, Kyungki-Do 425-020, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Ghee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516 Kojan-Dong, Ansan City, Kyungki-Do 425-020, Korea
| | - Jee Young Han
- Department of Pathology, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
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18
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Non-parametric combination analysis of multiple data types enables detection of novel regulatory mechanisms in T cells of multiple sclerosis patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11996. [PMID: 31427643 PMCID: PMC6700160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with prominent neurodegenerative components. The triggering and progression of MS is associated with transcriptional and epigenetic alterations in several tissues, including peripheral blood. The combined influence of transcriptional and epigenetic changes associated with MS has not been assessed in the same individuals. Here we generated paired transcriptomic (RNA-seq) and DNA methylation (Illumina 450 K array) profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (CD4, CD8), using clinically accessible blood from healthy donors and MS patients in the initial relapsing-remitting and subsequent secondary-progressive stage. By integrating the output of a differential expression test with a permutation-based non-parametric combination methodology, we identified 149 differentially expressed (DE) genes in both CD4 and CD8 cells collected from MS patients. Moreover, by leveraging the methylation-dependent regulation of gene expression, we identified the gene SH3YL1, which displayed significant correlated expression and methylation changes in MS patients. Importantly, silencing of SH3YL1 in primary human CD4 cells demonstrated its influence on T cell activation. Collectively, our strategy based on paired sampling of several cell-types provides a novel approach to increase sensitivity for identifying shared mechanisms altered in CD4 and CD8 cells of relevance in MS in small sized clinical materials.
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19
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Sundaravel S, Kuo WL, Jeong JJ, Choudhary GS, Gordon-Mitchell S, Liu H, Bhagat TD, McGraw KL, Gurbuxani S, List AF, Verma A, Wickrema A. Loss of Function of DOCK4 in Myelodysplastic Syndromes Stem Cells is Restored by Inhibitors of DOCK4 Signaling Networks. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5638-5649. [PMID: 31308061 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with deletion of chromosome 7q/7 [-7/(del)7q MDS] is associated with worse outcomes and needs novel insights into pathogenesis. Reduced expression of signaling protein dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4) in patients with -7/(del)7q MDS leads to a block in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation. Identification of targetable signaling networks downstream of DOCK4 will provide means to restore hematopoietic differentiation in MDS.Experimental Design: We utilized phosphoproteomics approaches to identify signaling proteins perturbed as a result of reduced expression of DOCK4 in human HSCs and tested their functional significance in primary model systems. RESULTS We demonstrate that reduced levels of DOCK4 lead to increased global tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins in primary human HSCs. LYN kinase and phosphatases INPP5D (SHIP1) and PTPN6 (SHP1) displayed greatest levels of tyrosine phosphorylation when DOCK4 expression levels were reduced using DOCK4-specific siRNA. Our data also found that increased phosphorylation of SHIP1 and SHP1 phosphatases were due to LYN kinase targeting these phosphatases as substrates. Increased migration and impediment of HSC differentiation were consequences of these signaling alterations. Pharmacologic inhibition of SHP1 reversed these functional aberrations in HSCs expressing low DOCK4 levels. In addition, differentiation block seen in DOCK4 haplo-insufficient [-7/(del)7q] MDS was rescued by inhibition of SHP1 phosphatase. CONCLUSIONS LYN kinase and phosphatases SHP1 and SHIP1 are perturbed when DOCK4 expression levels are low. Inhibition of SHP1 promotes erythroid differentiation in healthy HSCs and in -7/(del)7q MDS samples with low DOCK4 expression. Inhibitors of LYN, SHP1 and SHIP1 also abrogated increased migratory properties in HSCs expressing reduced levels of DOCK4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Sundaravel
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wen-Liang Kuo
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jong Jin Jeong
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gaurav S Choudhary
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Hui Liu
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tushar D Bhagat
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Sandeep Gurbuxani
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Amit Verma
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Amittha Wickrema
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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20
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Yuan TL, Amzallag A, Bagni R, Yi M, Afghani S, Burgan W, Fer N, Strathern LA, Powell K, Smith B, Waters AM, Drubin D, Thomson T, Liao R, Greninger P, Stein GT, Murchie E, Cortez E, Egan RK, Procter L, Bess M, Cheng KT, Lee CS, Lee LC, Fellmann C, Stephens R, Luo J, Lowe SW, Benes CH, McCormick F. Differential Effector Engagement by Oncogenic KRAS. Cell Rep 2019; 22:1889-1902. [PMID: 29444439 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
KRAS can bind numerous effector proteins, which activate different downstream signaling events. The best known are RAF, phosphatidylinositide (PI)-3' kinase, and RalGDS families, but many additional direct and indirect effectors have been reported. We have assessed how these effectors contribute to several major phenotypes in a quantitative way, using an arrayed combinatorial siRNA screen in which we knocked down 41 KRAS effectors nodes in 92 cell lines. We show that every cell line has a unique combination of effector dependencies, but in spite of this heterogeneity, we were able to identify two major subtypes of KRAS mutant cancers of the lung, pancreas, and large intestine, which reflect different KRAS effector engagement and opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina L Yuan
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 1450 3rd Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Arnaud Amzallag
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Rachel Bagni
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ming Yi
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Shervin Afghani
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 1450 3rd Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - William Burgan
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Nicole Fer
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Leslie A Strathern
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Katie Powell
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Brian Smith
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Andrew M Waters
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - David Drubin
- Selventa, One Alewife Center, Suite 330, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA
| | - Ty Thomson
- Selventa, One Alewife Center, Suite 330, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA
| | - Rosy Liao
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Patricia Greninger
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Giovanna T Stein
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Ellen Murchie
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Eliane Cortez
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Regina K Egan
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Lauren Procter
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Matthew Bess
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Kwong Tai Cheng
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Chih-Shia Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Liam Changwoo Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christof Fellmann
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Robert Stephens
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ji Luo
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cyril H Benes
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Frank McCormick
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 1450 3rd Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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21
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Westbrook JA, Wood SL, Cairns DA, McMahon K, Gahlaut R, Thygesen H, Shires M, Roberts S, Marshall H, Oliva MR, Dunning MJ, Hanby AM, Selby PJ, Speirs V, Mavria G, Coleman RE, Brown JE. Identification and validation of DOCK4 as a potential biomarker for risk of bone metastasis development in patients with early breast cancer. J Pathol 2019; 247:381-391. [PMID: 30426503 PMCID: PMC6618075 DOI: 10.1002/path.5197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal metastasis occurs in around 75% of advanced breast cancers, with the disease incurable once cancer cells disseminate to bone, but there remains an unmet need for biomarkers to identify patients at high risk of bone recurrence. This study aimed to identify such a biomarker and to assess its utility in predicting response to adjuvant zoledronic acid (zoledronate). We used quantitative proteomics (stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture-mass spectrometry; SILAC-MS) to compare protein expression in a bone-homing variant (BM1) of the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 with parental non-bone-homing cells to identify novel biomarkers for risk of subsequent bone metastasis in early breast cancer. SILAC-MS showed that dedicator of cytokinesis protein 4 (DOCK4) was upregulated in bone-homing BM1 cells, confirmed by western blotting. BM1 cells also had enhanced invasive ability compared with parental cells, which could be reduced by DOCK4-shRNA. In a training tissue microarray (TMA) comprising 345 patients with early breast cancer, immunohistochemistry followed by Cox regression revealed that high DOCK4 expression correlated with histological grade (p = 0.004) but not oestrogen receptor status (p = 0.19) or lymph node involvement (p = 0.15). A clinical validation TMA used tissue samples and the clinical database from the large AZURE adjuvant study (n = 689). Adjusted Cox regression analyses showed that high DOCK4 expression in the control arm (no zoledronate) was significantly prognostic for first recurrence in bone (HR 2.13, 95%CI 1.06-4.30, p = 0.034). No corresponding association was found in patients who received zoledronate (HR 0.812, 95%CI 0.176-3.76, p = 0.790), suggesting that treatment with zoledronate may counteract the higher risk for bone relapse from high DOCK4-expressing tumours. High DOCK4 expression was not associated with metastasis to non-skeletal sites when these were assessed collectively. In conclusion, high DOCK4 in early breast cancer is significantly associated with aggressive disease and with future bone metastasis and is a potentially useful biomarker for subsequent bone metastasis risk. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules A Westbrook
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Unit of Clinical OncologyUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics GroupLeeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Steven L Wood
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Unit of Clinical OncologyUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics GroupLeeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - David A Cairns
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics GroupLeeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of LeedsLeedsUK
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Kathryn McMahon
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Renu Gahlaut
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Helene Thygesen
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Mike Shires
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Stephanie Roberts
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics GroupLeeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Helen Marshall
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Maria R Oliva
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Unit of Clinical OncologyUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Mark J Dunning
- Sheffield Institute of Translational NeuroscienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Andrew M Hanby
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Peter J Selby
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics GroupLeeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of LeedsLeedsUK
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Valerie Speirs
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Institute of Medical SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Georgia Mavria
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Robert E Coleman
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Unit of Clinical OncologyUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Janet E Brown
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Unit of Clinical OncologyUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics GroupLeeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of LeedsLeedsUK
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22
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Portale F, Cricrì G, Bresolin S, Lupi M, Gaspari S, Silvestri D, Russo B, Marino N, Ubezio P, Pagni F, Vergani P, Kronnie GT, Valsecchi MG, Locatelli F, Rizzari C, Biondi A, Dander E, D'Amico G. ActivinA: a new leukemia-promoting factor conferring migratory advantage to B-cell precursor-acute lymphoblastic leukemic cells. Haematologica 2018; 104:533-545. [PMID: 30262563 PMCID: PMC6395324 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.188664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell precursor-acute lymphoblastic leukemia modulates the bone marrow (BM) niche to become leukemia-supporting and chemo-protective by reprogramming the stromal microenvironment. New therapies targeting the interplay between leukemia and stroma can help improve disease outcome. We identified ActivinA, a TGF-β family member with a well-described role in promoting several solid malignancies, as a factor favoring leukemia that could represent a new potential target for therapy. ActivinA resulted over-expressed in the leukemic BM and its production was strongly induced in mesenchymal stromal cells after culture with leukemic cells. Moreover, MSCs isolated from BM of leukemic patients showed an intrinsic ability to secrete higher amounts of ActivinA compared to their normal counterparts. The pro-inflammatory leukemic BM microenvironment synergized with leukemic cells to induce stromal-derived ActivinA. Gene expression analysis of ActivinA-treated leukemic cells showed that this protein was able to significantly influence motility-associated pathways. Interestingly, ActivinA promoted random motility and CXCL12-driven migration of leukemic cells, even at suboptimal chemokine concentrations, characterizing the leukemic niche. Conversely, ActivinA severely impaired CXCL12-induced migration of healthy CD34+ cells. This opposite effect can be explained by the ability of ActivinA to increase intracellular calcium only in leukemic cells, boosting cytoskeleton dynamics through a higher rate of actin polymerization. Moreover, by stimulating the invasiveness of the leukemic cells, ActivinA was found to be a leukemia-promoting factor. Importantly, the ability of ActivinA to enhance BM engraftment and the metastatic potential of leukemic cells was confirmed in a xenograft mouse model of the disease. Overall, ActivinA was seen to be a key factor in conferring a migratory advantage to leukemic cells over healthy hematopoiesis within the leukemic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Portale
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza
| | - Giulia Cricrì
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza
| | - Silvia Bresolin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova
| | - Monica Lupi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano
| | - Stefania Gaspari
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù and Sapienza University of Rome.,Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Prevention, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza
| | - Daniela Silvestri
- Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Prevention, University of Milano-Bicocca.,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza
| | - Barbara Russo
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza
| | - Noemi Marino
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano
| | - Fabio Pagni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca
| | - Patrizia Vergani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Prevention, University of Milano-Bicocca
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù and Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Carmelo Rizzari
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza.,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza
| | - Erica Dander
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza
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23
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Polarized Dock Activity Drives Shh-Mediated Axon Guidance. Dev Cell 2018; 46:410-425.e7. [PMID: 30078728 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the developing spinal cord, Sonic hedgehog (Shh) attracts commissural axons toward the floorplate. How Shh regulates the cytoskeletal remodeling that underlies growth cone turning is unknown. We found that Shh-mediated growth cone turning requires the activity of Docks, which are unconventional GEFs. Knockdown of Dock3 and 4, or their binding partner ELMO1 and 2, abolished commissural axon attraction by Shh in vitro. Dock3/4 and ELMO1/2 were also required for correct commissural axon guidance in vivo. Polarized Dock activity was sufficient to induce axon turning, indicating that Docks are instructive for axon guidance. Mechanistically, we show that Dock and ELMO interact with Boc, the Shh receptor, and that this interaction is reduced upon Shh stimulation. Furthermore, Shh stimulation translocates ELMO to the growth cone periphery and activates Rac1. This identifies Dock/ELMO as an effector complex of non-canonical Shh signaling and demonstrates the instructive role of GEFs in axon guidance.
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24
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Powers N, Srivastava A. The Air Sac Primordium of Drosophila: A Model for Invasive Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072074. [PMID: 30018198 PMCID: PMC6073991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of invasive properties preceding tumor metastasis is critical for cancer progression. This phenomenon may result from mutagenic disruption of typical cell function, but recent evidence suggests that cancer cells frequently co-opt normal developmental programs to facilitate invasion as well. The signaling cascades that have been implicated present an obstacle to identifying effective therapeutic targets because of their complex nature and modulatory capacity through crosstalk with other pathways. Substantial efforts have been made to study invasive behavior during organogenesis in several organisms, but another model found in Drosophilamelanogaster has not been thoroughly explored. The air sac primordium (ASP) appears to be a suitable candidate for investigating the genes and morphogens required for invasion due to the distinct overlap in the events that occur during its normal growth and the development of metastatic tumor cells. Among these events are the conversion of larval cells in the trachea into a population of mitotically active cells, reduced cell–cell contact along the leading edge of the ASP, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds the structure. Here, we summarize the development of ASPs and invasive behavior observed therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Powers
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Center, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard, TCCW 351, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA.
| | - Ajay Srivastava
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Center, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard, TCCW 351, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA.
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25
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Obeid JP, Zafar N, El Hokayem J. Steroid Hormone Receptor Coregulators in Endocrine Cancers. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:504-15. [PMID: 27240871 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Coregulators span a broad and extensive domain in modulating cellular transcriptional activity. Studies have established a dynamic role for such coregulators in various endocrine cancers. Steroid hormone receptors (SHRs) play a pivotal role in such endocrine cancers, and interact abundantly with transcriptional coregulators in altering gene expression. Several families of coregulators have implications in propagating the development, progression and invasion of breast, prostate, and other hormone-responsive cancers. This mini-review aims to discuss different classes of coregulators involved in endocrine cancers and highlight unique information regarding each family with relevance to mechanism, intervention, and novel directions being investigated. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(7):504-515, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Obeid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nawal Zafar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jimmy El Hokayem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, FL, USA
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26
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Blessing AM, Ganesan S, Rajapakshe K, Ying Sung Y, Reddy Bollu L, Shi Y, Cheung E, Coarfa C, Chang JT, McDonnell DP, Frigo DE. Identification of a Novel Coregulator, SH3YL1, That Interacts With the Androgen Receptor N-Terminus. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:1426-39. [PMID: 26305679 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor (NR)-mediated transcriptional activity is a dynamic process that is regulated by the binding of ligands that induce distinct conformational changes in the NR. These structural alterations lead to the differential recruitment of coregulators (coactivators or corepressors) that control the expression of NR-regulated genes. Here, we show that a stretch of proline residues located within the N-terminus of androgen receptor (AR) is a bona fide coregulator binding surface, the disruption of which reduces the androgen-dependent proliferation and migration of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Using T7 phage display, we identified a novel AR-interacting protein, Src homology 3 (SH3)-domain containing, Ysc84-like 1 (SH3YL1), whose interaction with the receptor is dependent upon this polyproline domain. As with mutations within the AR polyproline domain, knockdown of SH3YL1 attenuated androgen-mediated cell growth and migration. RNA expression analysis revealed that SH3YL1 was required for the induction of a subset of AR-modulated genes. Notable was the observation that ubinuclein 1 (UBN1), a key member of a histone H3.3 chaperone complex, was a transcriptional target of the AR/SH3YL1 complex, correlated with aggressive PCa in patients, and was necessary for the maximal androgen-mediated proliferation and migration of PCa cells. Collectively, these data highlight the importance of an amino-terminal activation domain, its associated coregulator, and downstream transcriptional targets in regulating cellular processes of pathological importance in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Blessing
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sathya Ganesan
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ying Ying Sung
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Lakshmi Reddy Bollu
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yan Shi
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Edwin Cheung
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Jeffrey T Chang
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Donald P McDonnell
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling (A.M.B., Y.S., D.E.F.), Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204; R&D Compliance (S.G.), Grifols Therapeutics Inc, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (S.G., D.P.M.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., C.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Cancer Biology and Pharmacology (Y.Y.S., E.C.), Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672; Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention (L.R.B.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Faculty of Health Sciences (E.C.), University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, 9999078; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology (J.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030; and Genomic Medicine Program (D.E.F.), The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
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Erdem-Eraslan L, Gao Y, Kloosterhof NK, Atlasi Y, Demmers J, Sacchetti A, Kros JM, Sillevis Smitt P, Aerts J, French PJ. Mutation specific functions of EGFR result in a mutation-specific downstream pathway activation. Eur J Cancer 2015; 51:893-903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
Yu et al. report that in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) cells, TGF-β potently induces expression of DOCK4, but not other DOCK family members, via the Smad pathway. TGF-β-induced DOCK4 stimulates lung ADC cell protrusion, motility, and invasion without affecting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These processes are driven by DOCK4-mediated Rac1 activation, unveiling a novel link between TGF-β and Rac1. The mechanisms by which TGF-β promotes lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) metastasis are largely unknown. Here, we report that in lung ADC cells, TGF-β potently induces expression of DOCK4, but not other DOCK family members, via the Smad pathway and that DOCK4 induction mediates TGF-β’s prometastatic effects by enhancing tumor cell extravasation. TGF-β-induced DOCK4 stimulates lung ADC cell protrusion, motility, and invasion without affecting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These processes, which are fundamental to tumor cell extravasation, are driven by DOCK4-mediated Rac1 activation, unveiling a novel link between TGF-β and Rac1. Thus, our findings uncover the atypical Rac1 activator DOCK4 as a key component of the TGF-β/Smad pathway that promotes lung ADC cell extravasation and metastasis.
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Function and interactions of the Ysc84/SH3yl1 family of actin- and lipid-binding proteins. Biochem Soc Trans 2015; 43:111-6. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20140221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how actin filaments are nucleated, polymerized and disassembled in close proximity to cell membranes is an area of growing interest. Protrusion of the plasma membrane is required for cell motility, whereas inward curvature or invagination is required for endocytic events. These morphological changes in membrane are often associated with rearrangements of actin, but how the many actin-binding proteins of eukaryotes function in a co-ordinated way to generate the required responses is still not well understood. Identification and analysis of proteins that function at the interface between the plasma membrane and actin-regulatory networks is central to increasing our knowledge of the mechanisms required to transduce the force of actin polymerization to changes in membrane morphology. The Ysc84/SH3yl1 proteins have not been extensively studied, but work in both yeast and mammalian cells indicate that these proteins function at the hub of networks integrating regulation of filamentous actin (F-actin) with changes in membrane morphology.
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Axl phosphorylates Elmo scaffold proteins to promote Rac activation and cell invasion. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 35:76-87. [PMID: 25332238 PMCID: PMC4295393 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00764-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase Axl contributes to cell migration and invasion. Expression of Axl correlates with metastatic progression in cancer patients, yet the specific signaling events promoting invasion downstream of Axl are poorly defined. Herein, we report Elmo scaffolds to be direct substrates and binding partners of Axl. Elmo proteins are established to interact with Dock family guanine nucleotide exchange factors to control Rac-mediated cytoskeletal dynamics. Proteomics and mutagenesis studies reveal that Axl phosphorylates Elmo1/2 on a conserved carboxyl-terminal tyrosine residue. Upon Gas6-dependent activation of Axl, endogenous Elmo2 becomes phosphorylated on Tyr-713 and enters into a physical complex with Axl in breast cancer cells. Interfering with Elmo2 expression prevented Gas6-induced Rac1 activation in breast cancer cells. Similarly to blocking of Axl, Elmo2 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of Dock1 abolishes breast cancer cell invasion. Interestingly, Axl or Elmo2 knockdown diminishes breast cancer cell proliferation. Rescue of Elmo2 knockdown cells with the wild-type protein but not with Elmo2 harboring Tyr-713-Phe mutations restores cell invasion and cell proliferation. These results define a new mechanism by which Axl promotes cell proliferation and invasion and identifies inhibition of the Elmo-Dock pathway as a potential therapeutic target to stop Axl-induced metastases.
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Gadea G, Blangy A. Dock-family exchange factors in cell migration and disease. Eur J Cell Biol 2014; 93:466-77. [PMID: 25022758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dock family proteins are evolutionary conserved exchange factors for the Rho GTPases Rac and Cdc42. There are 11 Dock proteins in mammals, named Dock1 (or Dock180) to Dock11 that play different cellular functions. In particular, Dock proteins regulate actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion and migration. Not surprisingly, members of the Dock family have been involved in various pathologies, including cancer and defects in the central nervous and immune systems. This review proposes an update of the recent findings regarding the function of Dock proteins, focusing on their role in the control of cell migration and invasion and the consequences in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Gadea
- CNRS UMR 5237, Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, France; Montpellier University, France
| | - Anne Blangy
- CNRS UMR 5237, Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, France; Montpellier University, France.
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