1
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Chinthalapudi K, Heissler SM. Structure, regulation, and mechanisms of nonmuscle myosin-2. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:263. [PMID: 38878079 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Members of the myosin superfamily of molecular motors are large mechanochemical ATPases that are implicated in an ever-expanding array of cellular functions. This review focuses on mammalian nonmuscle myosin-2 (NM2) paralogs, ubiquitous members of the myosin-2 family of filament-forming motors. Through the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work, NM2 paralogs remodel and shape cells and tissues. This process is tightly controlled in time and space by numerous synergetic regulation mechanisms to meet cellular demands. We review how recent advances in structural biology together with elegant biophysical and cell biological approaches have contributed to our understanding of the shared and unique mechanisms of NM2 paralogs as they relate to their kinetics, regulation, assembly, and cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Chinthalapudi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sarah M Heissler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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2
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Guan G, Chen Y, Wang H, Ouyang Q, Tang C. Characterizing Cellular Physiological States with Three-Dimensional Shape Descriptors for Cell Membranes. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:137. [PMID: 38921504 PMCID: PMC11205511 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14060137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The shape of a cell as defined by its membrane can be closely associated with its physiological state. For example, the irregular shapes of cancerous cells and elongated shapes of neuron cells often reflect specific functions, such as cell motility and cell communication. However, it remains unclear whether and which cell shape descriptors can characterize different cellular physiological states. In this study, 12 geometric shape descriptors for a three-dimensional (3D) object were collected from the previous literature and tested with a public dataset of ~400,000 independent 3D cell regions segmented based on fluorescent labeling of the cell membranes in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. It is revealed that those shape descriptors can faithfully characterize cellular physiological states, including (1) cell division (cytokinesis), along with an abrupt increase in the elongation ratio; (2) a negative correlation of cell migration speed with cell sphericity; (3) cell lineage specification with symmetrically patterned cell shape changes; and (4) cell fate specification with differential gene expression and differential cell shapes. The descriptors established may be used to identify and predict the diverse physiological states in numerous cells, which could be used for not only studying developmental morphogenesis but also diagnosing human disease (e.g., the rapid detection of abnormal cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoye Guan
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (G.G.); (Q.O.)
| | - Yixuan Chen
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Hongli Wang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (G.G.); (Q.O.)
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Qi Ouyang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (G.G.); (Q.O.)
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (G.G.); (Q.O.)
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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3
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Li M, Xing X, Yuan J, Zeng Z. Research progress on the regulatory role of cell membrane surface tension in cell behavior. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29923. [PMID: 38720730 PMCID: PMC11076917 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane surface tension has emerged as a pivotal biophysical factor governing cell behavior and fate. This review systematically delineates recent advances in techniques for cell membrane surface tension quantification, mechanosensing mechanisms, and regulatory roles of cell membrane surface tension in modulating major cellular processes. Micropipette aspiration, tether pulling, and newly developed fluorescent probes enable the measurement of cell membrane surface tension with spatiotemporal precision. Cells perceive cell membrane surface tension via conduits including mechanosensitive ion channels, curvature-sensing proteins (e.g. BAR domain proteins), and cortex-membrane attachment proteins (e.g. ERM proteins). Through membrane receptors like integrins, cells convert mechanical cues into biochemical signals. This conversion triggers cytoskeletal remodeling and extracellular matrix interactions in response to environmental changes. Elevated cell membrane surface tension suppresses cell spreading, migration, and endocytosis while facilitating exocytosis. Moreover, reduced cell membrane surface tension promotes embryonic stem cell differentiation and cancer cell invasion, underscoring cell membrane surface tension as a regulator of cell plasticity. Outstanding questions remain regarding cell membrane surface tension regulatory mechanisms and roles in tissue development/disease in vivo. Emerging tools to manipulate cell membrane surface tension with high spatiotemporal control in combination with omics approaches will facilitate the elucidation of cell membrane surface tension-mediated effects on signaling networks across various cell types/states. This will accelerate the development of cell membrane surface tension-based biomarkers and therapeutics for regenerative medicine and cancer. Overall, this review provides critical insights into cell membrane surface tension as a potent orchestrator of cell function, with broader impacts across mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqing Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 5180080, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 5180080, China
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Zhuoying Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Chemical Analysis & Physical Testing Institute, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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4
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Nikalayevich E, Letort G, de Labbey G, Todisco E, Shihabi A, Turlier H, Voituriez R, Yahiatene M, Pollet-Villard X, Innocenti M, Schuh M, Terret ME, Verlhac MH. Aberrant cortex contractions impact mammalian oocyte quality. Dev Cell 2024; 59:841-852.e7. [PMID: 38387459 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The cortex controls cell shape. In mouse oocytes, the cortex thickens in an Arp2/3-complex-dependent manner, ensuring chromosome positioning and segregation. Surprisingly, we identify that mouse oocytes lacking the Arp2/3 complex undergo cortical actin remodeling upon division, followed by cortical contractions that are unprecedented in mammalian oocytes. Using genetics, imaging, and machine learning, we show that these contractions stir the cytoplasm, resulting in impaired organelle organization and activity. Oocyte capacity to avoid polyspermy is impacted, leading to a reduced female fertility. We could diminish contractions and rescue cytoplasmic anomalies. Similar contractions were observed in human oocytes collected as byproducts during IVF (in vitro fertilization) procedures. These contractions correlate with increased cytoplasmic motion, but not with defects in spindle assembly or aneuploidy in mice or humans. Our study highlights a multiscale effect connecting cortical F-actin, contractions, and cytoplasmic organization and affecting oocyte quality, with implications for female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Nikalayevich
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Letort
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3738, Université Paris Cité, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ghislain de Labbey
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Elena Todisco
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anastasia Shihabi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Turlier
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Voituriez
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Laboratoire Jean Perrin, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Yahiatene
- Centre Assistance Médicale à la Procréation Nataliance, Groupe Mlab, Pôle Santé Oréliance, Saran, France
| | - Xavier Pollet-Villard
- Centre Assistance Médicale à la Procréation Nataliance, Groupe Mlab, Pôle Santé Oréliance, Saran, France
| | - Metello Innocenti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Melina Schuh
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marie-Emilie Terret
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Marie-Hélène Verlhac
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, 75005 Paris, France.
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5
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Wang C, Ding J, Wei Q, Du S, Gong X, Chew TG. Mechanosensitive accumulation of non-muscle myosin IIB during mitosis requires its translocation activity. iScience 2023; 26:107773. [PMID: 37720093 PMCID: PMC10504539 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin II (NMII) is a force-generating mechanosensitive enzyme that responds to mechanical forces. NMIIs mechanoaccumulate at the cell cortex in response to mechanical forces. It is essential for cells to mechanically adapt to the physical environment, failure of which results in mitotic defects when dividing in confined environment. Much less is known about how NMII mechanoaccumulation is regulated during mitosis. We show that mitotic cells respond to compressive stress by promoting accumulation of active RhoA at the cell cortex as in interphase cells. RhoA mechanoresponse during mitosis activates and stabilizes NMIIB via ROCK signaling, leading to NMIIB mechanoaccumulation at the cell cortex. Using disease-related myosin II mutations, we found that NMIIB mechanoaccumulation requires its motor activity that translocates actin filaments, but not just its actin-binding function. Thus, the motor activity coordinates structural movement and nucleotide state changes to fine-tune actin-binding affinity optimal for NMIIs to generate and respond to forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Jingjing Ding
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Qiaodong Wei
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shoukang Du
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Xiaobo Gong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ting Gang Chew
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
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6
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Montembault E, Deduyer I, Claverie MC, Bouit L, Tourasse NJ, Dupuy D, McCusker D, Royou A. Two RhoGEF isoforms with distinct localisation control furrow position during asymmetric cell division. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3209. [PMID: 37268622 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis partitions cellular content between daughter cells. It relies on the formation of an acto-myosin contractile ring, whose constriction induces the ingression of the cleavage furrow between the segregated chromatids. Rho1 GTPase and its RhoGEF (Pbl) are essential for this process. However, how Rho1 is regulated to sustain furrow ingression while maintaining correct furrow position remains poorly defined. Here, we show that during asymmetric division of Drosophila neuroblasts, Rho1 is controlled by two Pbl isoforms with distinct localisation. Spindle midzone- and furrow-enriched Pbl-A focuses Rho1 at the furrow to sustain efficient ingression, while Pbl-B pan-plasma membrane localization promotes the broadening of Rho1 activity and the subsequent enrichment of myosin on the entire cortex. This enlarged zone of Rho1 activity is critical to adjust furrow position, thereby preserving correct daughter cell size asymmetry. Our work highlights how the use of isoforms with distinct localisation makes an essential process more robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Montembault
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut de Biologie et Génétique Cellulaire, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Irène Deduyer
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut de Biologie et Génétique Cellulaire, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Charlotte Claverie
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut de Biologie et Génétique Cellulaire, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lou Bouit
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France
- CNRS, UMR5297, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas J Tourasse
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, U1212, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Denis Dupuy
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, U1212, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Derek McCusker
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut de Biologie et Génétique Cellulaire, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Royou
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607, Pessac, France.
- CNRS, UMR5095, University of Bordeaux, Institut de Biologie et Génétique Cellulaire, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077, Bordeaux, France.
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7
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Hayes BH, Zhu PK, Wang M, Pfeifer CR, Xia Y, Phan S, Andrechak JC, Du J, Tobin MP, Anlas A, Dooling LJ, Vashisth M, Irianto J, Lampson MA, Discher DE. Confinement plus myosin-II suppression maximizes heritable loss of chromosomes, as revealed by live-cell ChReporters. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260753. [PMID: 37288769 PMCID: PMC10309578 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical environment of a cell can have many effects, but whether it impacts the DNA sequence of a cell has remained unexamined. To investigate this, we developed a live-cell method to measure changes in chromosome numbers. We edited constitutive genes with GFP or RFP tags on single alleles and discovered that cells that lose Chromosome reporters (ChReporters) become non-fluorescent. We applied our new tools to confined mitosis and to inhibition of the putative tumor suppressor myosin-II. We quantified compression of mitotic chromatin in vivo and demonstrated that similar compression in vitro resulted in cell death, but also rare and heritable ChReptorter loss. Myosin-II suppression rescued lethal multipolar divisions and maximized ChReporter loss during three-dimensional (3D) compression and two-dimensional (2D) lateral confinement, but not in standard 2D culture. ChReporter loss was associated with chromosome mis-segregation, rather than just the number of divisions, and loss in vitro and in mice was selected against in subsequent 2D cultures. Inhibition of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) caused ChReporter loss in 2D culture, as expected, but not during 3D compression, suggesting a SAC perturbation. Thus, ChReporters enable diverse studies of viable genetic changes, and show that confinement and myosin-II affect DNA sequence and mechano-evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon H. Hayes
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peter Kuangzheng Zhu
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mai Wang
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charlotte R. Pfeifer
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yuntao Xia
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Steven Phan
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason C. Andrechak
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Junhong Du
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael P. Tobin
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alisya Anlas
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lawrence J. Dooling
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Manasvita Vashisth
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jerome Irianto
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael A. Lampson
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dennis E. Discher
- Mol. Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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8
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Ozugergin I, Piekny A. Diversity is the spice of life: An overview of how cytokinesis regulation varies with cell type. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1007614. [PMID: 36420142 PMCID: PMC9676254 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1007614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis is required to physically cleave a cell into two daughters at the end of mitosis. Decades of research have led to a comprehensive understanding of the core cytokinesis machinery and how it is regulated in animal cells, however this knowledge was generated using single cells cultured in vitro, or in early embryos before tissues develop. This raises the question of how cytokinesis is regulated in diverse animal cell types and developmental contexts. Recent studies of distinct cell types in the same organism or in similar cell types from different organisms have revealed striking differences in how cytokinesis is regulated, which includes different threshold requirements for the structural components and the mechanisms that regulate them. In this review, we highlight these differences with an emphasis on pathways that are independent of the mitotic spindle, and operate through signals associated with the cortex, kinetochores, or chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imge Ozugergin
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alisa Piekny
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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9
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Zhuan Q, Li J, Du X, Zhang L, Meng L, Luo Y, Zhou D, Liu H, Wan P, Hou Y, Fu X. Antioxidant procyanidin B2 protects oocytes against cryoinjuries via mitochondria regulated cortical tension. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:95. [PMID: 35971139 PMCID: PMC9380387 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00742-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irreversible cryodamage caused by oocyte vitrification limited its wild application in female fertility preservation. Antioxidants were always used to antagonist the oxidative stress caused by vitrification. However, the comprehensive mechanism underlying the protective role of antioxidants has not been studied. Procyanidin B2 (PCB2) is a potent natural antioxidant and its functions in response to vitrification are still unknown. In this study, the effects of PCB2 on vitrified-thawed oocytes and subsequent embryo development were explored, and the mechanisms underlying the protective role of PCB2 were systematically elucidated. RESULTS Vitrification induced a marked decline in oocyte quality, while PCB2 could improve oocyte viability and further development after parthenogenetic activation. A subsequent study indicated that PCB2 effectively attenuated vitrification-induced oxidative stress, rescued mitochondrial dysfunction, and improved cell viability. Moreover, PCB2 also acts as a cortical tension regulator apart from strong antioxidant properties. Increased cortical tension caused by PCB2 would maintain normal spindle morphology and promote migration, ensure correct meiosis progression and finally reduce the aneuploidy rate in vitrified oocytes. Further study reveals that ATP biosynthesis plays a crucial role in cortical tension regulation, and PCB2 effectively increased the cortical tension through the electron transfer chain pathway. Additionally, PCB2 would elevate the cortical tension in embryo cells at morula and blastocyst stages and further improve blastocyst quality. What's more, targeted metabolomics shows that PCB2 has a beneficial effect on blastocyst formation by mediating saccharides and amino acids metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Antioxidant PCB2 exhibits multi-protective roles in response to vitrification stimuli through mitochondria-mediated cortical tension regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingrui Zhuan
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- grid.452458.aDepartment of Reproductive Medicine, Reproductive Medical Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei China
| | - Xingzhu Du
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Meng
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwen Luo
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Wan
- grid.469620.f0000 0004 4678 3979State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihhotze, China
| | - Yunpeng Hou
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihhotze, China.
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10
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Cui Y, Leong WH, Liu CF, Xia K, Feng X, Gergely C, Liu RB, Li Q. Revealing Capillarity in AFM Indentation of Cells by Nanodiamond-Based Nonlocal Deformation Sensing. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3889-3896. [PMID: 35507005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c05037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoindentation based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) can measure the elasticity of biomaterials and cells with high spatial resolution and sensitivity, but relating the data to quantitative mechanical properties depends on information on the local contact, which is unclear in most cases. Here, we demonstrate nonlocal deformation sensing on biorelevant soft matters upon AFM indentation by using nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds, providing data for studying both the elasticity and capillarity without requiring detailed knowledge about the local contact. Using fixed HeLa cells for demonstration, we show that the apparent elastic moduli of the cells would have been overestimated if the capillarity was not considered. In addition, we observe that both the elastic moduli and the surface tensions are reduced after depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton in cells. This work demonstrates that the nanodiamond sensing of nonlocal deformation with nanometer precision is particularly suitable for studying mechanics of soft biorelevant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cui
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weng-Hang Leong
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chu-Feng Liu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kangwei Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Feng
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Csilla Gergely
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, University of Montpellierr, CNRS, Montpellier, 34095, France
| | - Ren-Bao Liu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Quantum Coherence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Institute of Quantum Information Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Quantum Coherence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Institute of Quantum Information Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Kage F, Vicente-Manzanares M, McEwan BC, Kettenbach AN, Higgs HN. Myosin II proteins are required for organization of calcium-induced actin networks upstream of mitochondrial division. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar63. [PMID: 35427150 PMCID: PMC9561854 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-01-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The formin INF2 polymerizes a calcium-activated cytoplasmic network of actin filaments, which we refer to as calcium-induced actin polymerization (CIA). CIA plays important roles in multiple cellular processes, including mitochondrial dynamics and vesicle transport. Here, we show that nonmuscle myosin II (NMII) is activated within 60 s of calcium stimulation and rapidly recruited to the CIA network. Knockout of any individual NMII in U2OS cells affects the organization of the CIA network, as well as three downstream effects: endoplasmic-reticulum-to-mitochondrial calcium transfer, mitochondrial Drp1 recruitment, and mitochondrial division. Interestingly, while NMIIC is the least abundant NMII in U2OS cells (>200-fold less than NMIIA and >10-fold less than NMIIB), its knockout is equally deleterious to CIA. On the basis of these results, we propose that myosin II filaments containing all three NMII heavy chains exert organizational and contractile roles in the CIA network. In addition, NMIIA knockout causes a significant decrease in myosin regulatory light chain levels, which might have additional effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frieda Kage
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA
| | - Miguel Vicente-Manzanares
- Centro de Investigacion del Cancer/Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Centro Mixto Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Brennan C. McEwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA
| | - Arminja N. Kettenbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA
| | - Henry N. Higgs
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA
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12
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Ciocanel MV, Chandrasekaran A, Mager C, Ni Q, Papoian GA, Dawes A. Simulated actin reorganization mediated by motor proteins. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010026. [PMID: 35389987 PMCID: PMC9017880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical actin networks are highly dynamic and play critical roles in shaping the mechanical properties of cells. The actin cytoskeleton undergoes significant reorganization in many different contexts, including during directed cell migration and over the course of the cell cycle, when cortical actin can transition between different configurations such as open patched meshworks, homogeneous distributions, and aligned bundles. Several types of myosin motor proteins, characterized by different kinetic parameters, have been involved in this reorganization of actin filaments. Given the limitations in studying the interactions of actin with myosin in vivo, we propose stochastic agent-based models and develop a set of data analysis measures to assess how myosin motor proteins mediate various actin organizations. In particular, we identify individual motor parameters, such as motor binding rate and step size, that generate actin networks with different levels of contractility and different patterns of myosin motor localization, which have previously been observed experimentally. In simulations where two motor populations with distinct kinetic parameters interact with the same actin network, we find that motors may act in a complementary way, by tuning the actin network organization, or in an antagonistic way, where one motor emerges as dominant. This modeling and data analysis framework also uncovers parameter regimes where spatial segregation between motor populations is achieved. By allowing for changes in kinetic rates during the actin-myosin dynamic simulations, our work suggests that certain actin-myosin organizations may require additional regulation beyond mediation by motor proteins in order to reconfigure the cytoskeleton network on experimentally-observed timescales. Cell shape is dictated by a scaffolding network called the cytoskeleton. Actin filaments, a main component of the cytoskeleton, are found predominantly at the periphery of the cell, where they organize into different patterns in response to various stimuli, such as progression through the cell cycle. The actin filament reorganizations are mediated by motor proteins from the myosin superfamily. Using a realistic stochastic model that simulates actin filament and motor protein dynamics and interactions, we systematically vary motor protein kinetics and investigate their effect on actin filament organization. Using novel measures of spatial organization, we quantify conditions under which motor proteins, either alone or in combination, can produce the different actin filament organizations observed in vitro and in vivo. These results yield new insights into the role of motor proteins, as well as into how multiple types of motors can work collectively to produce specific actomyosin network patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Veronica Ciocanel
- Department of Mathematics and Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Aravind Chandrasekaran
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Carli Mager
- Department of Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Qin Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Garegin A. Papoian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adriana Dawes
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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13
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Weißenbruch K, Fladung M, Grewe J, Baulesch L, Schwarz US, Bastmeyer M. Nonmuscle myosin IIA dynamically guides regulatory light chain phosphorylation and assembly of nonmuscle myosin IIB. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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14
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Du X, Li J, Zhuan Q, Zhang L, Meng L, Ren P, Huang X, Bai J, Wan P, Sun W, Hou Y, Zhu S, Fu X. Artificially Increasing Cortical Tension Improves Mouse Oocytes Development by Attenuating Meiotic Defects During Vitrification. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:876259. [PMID: 35399525 PMCID: PMC8987233 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.876259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Oocyte cryopreservation demonstrates great benefits in the conservation of animal germplasm resources and assisted reproductive technology. However, vitrification causes damages in oocytes, which would lead to the decrease of oocyte quality, and embryonic development post fertilization. Cytoskeleton plays an important role in regulating cell shape, organelle migration, cell division and mechanical signal transduction. Cortical tension is a reflection of the physiological state and contractile ability of cortical cytoskeleton. Appropriate cortical tension is prerequesite for normal oocyte meiosis. In the present study, oocyte cortical tension was examined by evaluating the levels of cortical tension-related protein pERM (Phospho-Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin) and pMRLC (Phospho-Myosin Light Chain 2). We found that the cortical tension of vitrified oocytes was decreased. Increasing cortical tension of vitrified oocytes by adding 10 μg/ml ConA during in vitro culture could significantly improve the polar body extrusion rate and embryo development. Furthermore, increasing the cortical tension could improve spindle positioning, maintain kinetochore-microtubule (KT-MT) attachment, strengthen spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) activity, and reduce the aneuploidy rate in vitrified oocytes. In conclusion, vitrification induced a remarkable decrease in cortical tension, and increasing the cortical tension could rescue the meiosis defect and improve oocyte quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhu Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Reproductive Medical Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingrui Zhuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Meng
- State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Panyu Ren
- State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Huang
- State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Bai
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Wenquan Sun
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunpeng Hou
- State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shien Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangwei Fu,
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15
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Yang YA, Nguyen E, Sankara Narayana GHN, Heuzé M, Fu C, Yu H, Mège RM, Ladoux B, Sheetz MP. Local contractions regulate E-cadherin rigidity sensing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk0387. [PMID: 35089785 PMCID: PMC8797795 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
E-cadherin is a major cell-cell adhesion molecule involved in mechanotransduction at cell-cell contacts in tissues. Because epithelial cells respond to rigidity and tension in tissue through E-cadherin, there must be active processes that test and respond to the mechanical properties of these adhesive contacts. Using submicrometer, E-cadherin-coated polydimethylsiloxane pillars, we find that cells generate local contractions between E-cadherin adhesions and pull to a constant distance for a constant duration, irrespective of pillar rigidity. These cadherin contractions require nonmuscle myosin IIB, tropomyosin 2.1, α-catenin, and binding of vinculin to α-catenin. Cells spread to different areas on soft and rigid surfaces with contractions, but spread equally on soft and rigid without. We further observe that cadherin contractions enable cells to test myosin IIA-mediated tension of neighboring cells and sort out myosin IIA-depleted cells. Thus, we suggest that epithelial cells test and respond to the mechanical characteristics of neighboring cells through cadherin contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-An Yang
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Emmanuelle Nguyen
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | | | - Melina Heuzé
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Chaoyu Fu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Hanry Yu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, A*STAR, Singapore 138669, Singapore
- CAMP, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - René-Marc Mège
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Benoit Ladoux
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
- Corresponding author. (M.P.S.); (B.L.)
| | - Michael P. Sheetz
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Corresponding author. (M.P.S.); (B.L.)
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16
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Yamamoto K, Miura H, Ishida M, Mii Y, Kinoshita N, Takada S, Ueno N, Sawai S, Kondo Y, Aoki K. Optogenetic relaxation of actomyosin contractility uncovers mechanistic roles of cortical tension during cytokinesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7145. [PMID: 34880255 PMCID: PMC8654997 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Actomyosin contractility generated cooperatively by nonmuscle myosin II and actin filaments plays essential roles in a wide range of biological processes, such as cell motility, cytokinesis, and tissue morphogenesis. However, subcellular dynamics of actomyosin contractility underlying such processes remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate an optogenetic method to induce relaxation of actomyosin contractility at the subcellular level. The system, named OptoMYPT, combines a protein phosphatase 1c (PP1c)-binding domain of MYPT1 with an optogenetic dimerizer, so that it allows light-dependent recruitment of endogenous PP1c to the plasma membrane. Blue-light illumination is sufficient to induce dephosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chains and a decrease in actomyosin contractile force in mammalian cells and Xenopus embryos. The OptoMYPT system is further employed to understand the mechanics of actomyosin-based cortical tension and contractile ring tension during cytokinesis. We find that the relaxation of cortical tension at both poles by OptoMYPT accelerated the furrow ingression rate, revealing that the cortical tension substantially antagonizes constriction of the cleavage furrow. Based on these results, the OptoMYPT system provides opportunities to understand cellular and tissue mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Yamamoto
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Haruko Miura
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Motohiko Ishida
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Complex Systems Biology, Universal Biology Institute, University of Tokyo, Komaba, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mii
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kinoshita
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Shinji Takada
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Naoto Ueno
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- IRCC International Research Collaboration Center, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 4-3-13 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sawai
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Complex Systems Biology, Universal Biology Institute, University of Tokyo, Komaba, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Kondo
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- IRCC International Research Collaboration Center, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 4-3-13 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan.
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17
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Taneja N, Baillargeon SM, Burnette DT. Myosin light chain kinase-driven myosin II turnover regulates actin cortex contractility during mitosis. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:br3. [PMID: 34319762 PMCID: PMC8684764 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-09-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Force generation by the molecular motor myosin II (MII) at the actin cortex is a universal feature of animal cells. Despite its central role in driving cell shape changes, the mechanisms underlying MII regulation at the actin cortex remain incompletely understood. Here we show that myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) promotes MII turnover at the mitotic cortex. Inhibition of MLCK resulted in an alteration of the relative levels of phosphorylated regulatory light chain (RLC), with MLCK preferentially creating a short-lived pRLC species and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) preferentially creating a stable ppRLC species during metaphase. Slower turnover of MII and altered RLC homeostasis on MLCK inhibition correlated with increased cortex tension, driving increased membrane bleb initiation and growth, but reduced bleb retraction during mitosis. Taken together, we show that ROCK and MLCK play distinct roles at the actin cortex during mitosis; ROCK activity is required for recruitment of MII to the cortex, while MLCK activity promotes MII turnover. Our findings support the growing evidence that MII turnover is an essential dynamic process influencing the mechanical output of the actin cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Taneja
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37212
| | - Sophie M. Baillargeon
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37212
| | - Dylan T. Burnette
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37212
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18
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Johnson CL, Riley L, Bersi M, Linton MF, Merryman WD. Impaired macrophage trafficking and increased helper T-cell recruitment with loss of cadherin-11 in atherosclerotic immune response. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H756-H769. [PMID: 34506228 PMCID: PMC8794229 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00263.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation caused by infiltrating macrophages and T cells promotes plaque growth in atherosclerosis. Cadherin-11 (CDH11) is a cell-cell adhesion protein implicated in several fibrotic and inflammatory diseases. Much of the research on CDH11 concerns its role in fibroblasts, although its expression in immune cells has been noted as well. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of CDH11 on the atherosclerotic immune response. In vivo studies of atherosclerosis indicated an increase in Cdh11 in plaque tissue. However, global loss of Cdh11 resulted in increased atherosclerosis and inflammation. It also altered the immune response in circulating leukocytes, decreasing myeloid cell populations and increasing T-cell populations, suggesting possible impaired myeloid migration. Bone marrow transplants from Cdh11-deficient mice resulted in similar immune cell profiles. In vitro examination of Cdh11-/- macrophages revealed reduced migration, despite upregulation of a number of genes related to locomotion. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in CD3+ and CD4+ helper T-cell populations in the blood of both the global Cdh11 loss and the bone marrow transplant animals, possibly resulting from increased expression by Cdh11-/- macrophages of major histocompatibility complex class II molecule genes, which bind to CD4+ T cells for coordinated activation. CDH11 fundamentally alters the immune response in atherosclerosis, resulting in part from impaired macrophage migration and altered macrophage-induced T-cell activation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cadherin-11 is well known to contribute to inflammatory and fibrotic disease. Here, we examined its role in atherosclerosis progression, which is predominantly an inflammatory process. We found that while cadherin-11 is associated with plaque progression, global loss of cadherin-11 exacerbated the disease phenotype. Moreover, loss of cadherin-11 in bone marrow-derived immune cells resulted in impaired macrophage migration and an unexplained increase in circulating helper T cells, presumably due to altered macrophage function without cadherin-11.
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Grants
- F32 HL154596 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R00 HL146951 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL148137 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01 HL127173 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL127173 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL135790 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- DK059637 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- K99 HL146951 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL146951 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- P01 HL116263 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R35 HL135790 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL148137 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL146134 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL146134 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- U24 DK059637 NIDDK NIH HHS
- HL154596 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL116263 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- American Heart Association (AHA)
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Affiliation(s)
- Camryn L Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lance Riley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew Bersi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - MacRae F Linton
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - W David Merryman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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19
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Kato T, Ghadban L, Boucher E, Mandato CA. Tension modulation of actomyosin ring assembly and RhoGTPases activity: Perspectives from the Xenopus oocyte wound healing model. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2021; 78:349-360. [PMID: 34541818 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cells are remarkably resilient structures; they are able to recover from injuries to their plasma membrane (PM) and cytoskeleton that would normally constitute existential threats. This capacity is exemplified by Xenopus laevis oocytes which can recover from very large PM defects through exocytotic and endocytic events and can repair damaged cortical cytoskeleton structures through the formation of a contractile actomyosin ring (AMR). Formation of the AMR involves the localized Ca2+ -dependent activation of RhoA and Cdc42, and the pre-patterning of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). However, this model fails to account for observations that suggest a link between cytoskeletal dynamics, intracellular tension, and AMR formation. It also does not explain why the formation of an AMR is not involved in the cytoskeletal repair program of adherent cells. We show here evidence for the support of tension as an essential regulatory signal for the formation of AMR. Indeed, oocytes in which global tension has been experimentally reduced were unable to form a functional AMR following injury, showing severely diminished RhoA activity at the wound site. These new insights place the cytoskeleton at the center of events involving changes in cell shape such as cytokinesis which also involves the formation and closure of an AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kato
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Logine Ghadban
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Boucher
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Craig A Mandato
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Weißenbruch K, Grewe J, Hippler M, Fladung M, Tremmel M, Stricker K, Schwarz US, Bastmeyer M. Distinct roles of nonmuscle myosin II isoforms for establishing tension and elasticity during cell morphodynamics. eLife 2021; 10:71888. [PMID: 34374341 PMCID: PMC8391736 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonmuscle myosin II (NM II) is an integral part of essential cellular processes, including adhesion and migration. Mammalian cells express up to three isoforms termed NM IIA, B, and C. We used U2OS cells to create CRISPR/Cas9-based knockouts of all three isoforms and analyzed the phenotypes on homogenously coated surfaces, in collagen gels, and on micropatterned substrates. In contrast to homogenously coated surfaces, a structured environment supports a cellular phenotype with invaginated actin arcs even in the absence of NM IIA-induced contractility. A quantitative shape analysis of cells on micropatterns combined with a scale-bridging mathematical model reveals that NM IIA is essential to build up cellular tension during initial stages of force generation, while NM IIB is necessary to elastically stabilize NM IIA-generated tension. A dynamic cell stretch/release experiment in a three-dimensional scaffold confirms these conclusions and in addition reveals a novel role for NM IIC, namely the ability to establish tensional homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Weißenbruch
- Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Justin Grewe
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,BioQuant-Center for Quantitative Biology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Hippler
- Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Magdalena Fladung
- Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Moritz Tremmel
- Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kathrin Stricker
- Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sebastian Schwarz
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,BioQuant-Center for Quantitative Biology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bastmeyer
- Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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21
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Firmin J, Maître JL. Morphogenesis of the human preimplantation embryo: bringing mechanics to the clinics. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 120:22-31. [PMID: 34253437 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During preimplantation development, the human embryo forms the blastocyst, the structure enabling uterine implantation. The blastocyst consists of an epithelial envelope, the trophectoderm, encompassing a fluid-filled lumen, the blastocoel, and a cluster of pluripotent stem cells, the inner cell mass. This specific architecture is crucial for the implantation and further development of the human embryo. Furthermore, the morphology of the human embryo is a prime determinant for clinicians to assess the implantation potential of in vitro fertilized human embryos, which constitutes a key aspect of assisted reproduction technology. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how the human embryo builds the blastocyst. As any material, the human embryo changes shape under the action of forces. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the mechanical forces shaping the blastocyst. We discuss the cellular processes responsible for generating morphogenetic forces that were studied mostly in the mouse and review the literature on human embryos to see which of them may be conserved. Based on the specific morphological defects commonly observed in clinics during human preimplantation development, we discuss how mechanical forces and their underlying cellular processes may be affected. Together, we propose that bringing tissue mechanics to the clinics will advance our understanding of human preimplantation development, as well as our ability to help infertile couples to have babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Firmin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM, U934 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Léon Maître
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM, U934 Paris, France.
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22
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Nishimura Y, Shi S, Zhang F, Liu R, Takagi Y, Bershadsky AD, Viasnoff V, Sellers JR. The formin inhibitor SMIFH2 inhibits members of the myosin superfamily. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:237818. [PMID: 33589498 PMCID: PMC8121067 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.253708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The small molecular inhibitor of formin FH2 domains, SMIFH2, is widely used in cell biological studies. It inhibits formin-driven actin polymerization in vitro, but not polymerization of pure actin. It is active against several types of formin from different species. Here, we found that SMIFH2 inhibits retrograde flow of myosin 2 filaments and contraction of stress fibers. We further checked the effect of SMIFH2 on non-muscle myosin 2A and skeletal muscle myosin 2 in vitro, and found that SMIFH2 inhibits activity of myosin ATPase and the ability to translocate actin filaments in the gliding actin in vitro motility assay. Inhibition of non-muscle myosin 2A in vitro required a higher concentration of SMIFH2 compared with that needed to inhibit retrograde flow and stress fiber contraction in cells. We also found that SMIFH2 inhibits several other non-muscle myosin types, including bovine myosin 10, Drosophila myosin 7a and Drosophila myosin 5, more efficiently than it inhibits formins. These off-target inhibitions demand additional careful analysis in each case when solely SMIFH2 is used to probe formin functions. This article has an associated First Person interview with Yukako Nishimura, joint first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Nishimura
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Shidong Shi
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Fang Zhang
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rong Liu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yasuharu Takagi
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander D Bershadsky
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,CNRS UMI 3639 BMC, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National university of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - James R Sellers
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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23
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Kajiwara K, Beharier O, Chng CP, Goff JP, Ouyang Y, St Croix CM, Huang C, Kagan VE, Hsia KJ, Sadovsky Y. Ferroptosis induces membrane blebbing in placental trophoblasts. J Cell Sci 2021; 135:jcs.255737. [PMID: 33414166 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a regulated, non-apoptotic form of cell death, characterized by hydroxy-peroxidation of discrete phospholipid hydroperoxides, particularly hydroperoxyl (Hp) forms of arachidonoyl- and adrenoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine, with a downstream cascade of oxidative damage to membrane lipids, proteins and DNA, culminating in cell death. We recently showed that human trophoblasts are particularly sensitive to ferroptosis caused by depletion or inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) or the lipase PLA2G6. Here, we show that trophoblastic ferroptosis is accompanied by a dramatic change in the trophoblast plasma membrane, with macro-blebbing and vesiculation. Immunofluorescence revealed that ferroptotic cell-derived blebs stained positive for F-actin, but negative for cytoplasmic organelle markers. Transfer of conditioned medium that contained detached macrovesicles or co-culture of wild-type target cells with blebbing cells did not stimulate ferroptosis in target cells. Molecular modeling showed that the presence of Hp-phosphatidylethanolamine in the cell membrane promoted its cell ability to be stretched. Together, our data establish that membrane macro-blebbing is characteristic of trophoblast ferroptosis and can serve as a useful marker of this process. Whether or not these blebs are physiologically functional remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Kajiwara
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan105-8461
| | - Ofer Beharier
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Choon-Peng Chng
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Julie P Goff
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yingshi Ouyang
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Changjin Huang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Republic of Singapore
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - K Jimmy Hsia
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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24
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Schliffka MF, Tortorelli AF, Özgüç Ö, de Plater L, Polzer O, Pelzer D, Maître JL. Multiscale analysis of single and double maternal-zygotic Myh9 and Myh10 mutants during mouse preimplantation development. eLife 2021; 10:e68536. [PMID: 33871354 PMCID: PMC8096435 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During the first days of mammalian development, the embryo forms the blastocyst, the structure responsible for implanting the mammalian embryo. Consisting of an epithelium enveloping the pluripotent inner cell mass and a fluid-filled lumen, the blastocyst results from a series of cleavage divisions, morphogenetic movements, and lineage specification. Recent studies have identified the essential role of actomyosin contractility in driving cytokinesis, morphogenesis, and fate specification, leading to the formation of the blastocyst. However, the preimplantation development of contractility mutants has not been characterized. Here, we generated single and double maternal-zygotic mutants of non-muscle myosin II heavy chains (NMHCs) to characterize them with multiscale imaging. We found that Myh9 (NMHC II-A) is the major NMHC during preimplantation development as its maternal-zygotic loss causes failed cytokinesis, increased duration of the cell cycle, weaker embryo compaction, and reduced differentiation, whereas Myh10 (NMHC II-B) maternal-zygotic loss is much less severe. Double maternal-zygotic mutants for Myh9 and Myh10 show a much stronger phenotype, failing most of the attempts of cytokinesis. We found that morphogenesis and fate specification are affected but nevertheless carry on in a timely fashion, regardless of the impact of the mutations on cell number. Strikingly, even when all cell divisions fail, the resulting single-celled embryo can initiate trophectoderm differentiation and lumen formation by accumulating fluid in increasingly large vacuoles. Therefore, contractility mutants reveal that fluid accumulation is a cell-autonomous process and that the preimplantation program carries on independently of successful cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Frederik Schliffka
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
- Carl Zeiss SASMarly-le-RoyFrance
| | | | - Özge Özgüç
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | | | - Oliver Polzer
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Diane Pelzer
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Jean-Léon Maître
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
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25
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Hope JM, Bersi MR, Dombroski JA, Clinch AB, Pereles RS, Merryman WD, King MR. Circulating prostate cancer cells have differential resistance to fluid shear stress-induced cell death. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs.251470. [PMID: 33526716 PMCID: PMC7929932 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.251470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are exposed to fluid shear stress (FSS) of greater than 1000 dyn/cm2 (100 Pa) in circulation. Normally, CTCs that are exposed to FSS of this magnitude die. However, some CTCs develop resistance to this FSS, allowing them to colonize distant organs. We explored how prostate CTCs can resist cell death in response to forces of this magnitude. The DU145, PC3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cell lines were used to represent cells of different metastatic origins. The cell lines were briefly treated with an average FSS of 3950 dyn/cm2 (395 Pa) using a 30 G needle and a syringe pump. DU145 cells had no change in cell viability, PC3 cells had some cell death and LNCaP cells exhibited significant cell death. These cell death responses correlated with increased cell membrane damage, less efficient membrane repair and increased stiffness. Additionally, FSS treatment prevented the LNCaP FSS-sensitive cell line from forming a growing tumor in vivo. This suggests that these properties play a role in FSS resistance and could represent potential targets for disrupting blood-borne metastasis. Summary: Prostate cancer cells have different sensitivities to fluid forces that alter their resistance to elevated blood flow-level fluid shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Hope
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Matthew R Bersi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jenna A Dombroski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Andrea B Clinch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Rebecca S Pereles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - W David Merryman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Michael R King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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26
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Ke W, Wang B, Hua W, Song Y, Lu S, Luo R, Li G, Wang K, Liao Z, Xiang Q, Li S, Wu X, Zhang Y, Yang C. The distinct roles of myosin IIA and IIB under compression stress in nucleus pulposus cells. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e12987. [PMID: 33415745 PMCID: PMC7848961 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Inappropriate or excessive compression applied to intervertebral disc (IVD) contributes substantially to IVD degeneration. The actomyosin system plays a leading role in responding to mechanical stimuli. In the present study, we investigated the roles of myosin II isoforms in the compression stress‐induced senescence of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Material and methods Nucleus pulposus cells were exposed to 1.0 MPa compression for 0, 12, 24 or 36 hours. Immunofluorescence and co‐immunoprecipitation analysis were used to measure the interaction of myosin IIA and IIB with actin. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect nuclear expression and nuclear localization of MRTF‐A. In addition, the expression levels of p‐RhoA/RhoA, ROCK1/2 and p‐MLC/MLC were measured in human NP cells under compression stress and in degenerative IVD tissues. Results Compression stress increased the interaction of myosin IIA and actin, while the interaction of myosin IIB and actin was reduced. The actomyosin cytoskeleton remodelling was involved in the compression stress‐induced fibrotic phenotype mediated by MRTF‐A nuclear translocation and inhibition of proliferation in NP cells. Furthermore, RhoA/ROCK1 pathway activation mediated compression stress‐induced human NP cells senescence by regulating the interaction of myosin IIA and IIB with actin. Conclusions We for the first time investigated the regulation of actomyosin cytoskeleton in human NP cells under compression stress. It provided new insights into the development of therapy for effectively inhibiting IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencan Ke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingjin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbin Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Saideng Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongjin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghuo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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27
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Wang K, Okada H, Bi E. Comparative Analysis of the Roles of Non-muscle Myosin-IIs in Cytokinesis in Budding Yeast, Fission Yeast, and Mammalian Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:593400. [PMID: 33330476 PMCID: PMC7710916 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.593400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The contractile ring, which plays critical roles in cytokinesis in fungal and animal cells, has fascinated biologists for decades. However, the basic question of how the non-muscle myosin-II and actin filaments are assembled into a ring structure to drive cytokinesis remains poorly understood. It is even more mysterious why and how the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and humans construct the ring structure with one, two, and three myosin-II isoforms, respectively. Here, we provide a comparative analysis of the roles of the non-muscle myosin-IIs in cytokinesis in these three model systems, with the goal of defining the common and unique features and highlighting the major questions regarding this family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangji Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hiroki Okada
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Erfei Bi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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28
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Taneja N, Bersi MR, Rasmussen ML, Gama V, Merryman WD, Burnette DT. Inhibition of focal adhesion kinase increases myofibril viscosity in cardiac myocytes. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2020; 77:342-350. [PMID: 32885903 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The coordinated generation of mechanical forces by cardiac myocytes is required for proper heart function. Myofibrils are the functional contractile units of force production within individual cardiac myocytes. At the molecular level, myosin motors form cross-bridges with actin filaments and use ATP to convert chemical energy into mechanical forces. The energetic efficiency of the cross-bridge cycle is influenced by the viscous damping of myofibril contraction. The viscoelastic response of myofibrils is an emergent property of their individual mechanical components. Previous studies have implicated titin-actin interactions, cell-ECM adhesion, and microtubules as regulators of the viscoelastic response of myofibrils. Here we probed the viscoelastic response of myofibrils using laser-assisted dissection. As a proof-of-concept, we found actomyosin contractility was required to endow myofibrils with their viscoelastic response, with blebbistatin treatment resulting in decreased myofibril tension and viscous damping. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a key regulator of cell-ECM adhesion, microtubule stability, and myofibril assembly. We found inhibition of FAK signaling altered the viscoelastic properties of myofibrils. Specifically, inhibition of FAK resulted in increased viscous damping of myofibril retraction following laser ablation. This damping was not associated with acute changes in the electrophysiological properties of cardiac myocytes. These results implicate FAK as a regulator of mechanical properties of myofibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Taneja
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthew R Bersi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Megan L Rasmussen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Vivian Gama
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - W David Merryman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Dylan T Burnette
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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29
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Asensio-Juárez G, Llorente-González C, Vicente-Manzanares M. Linking the Landscape of MYH9-Related Diseases to the Molecular Mechanisms that Control Non-Muscle Myosin II-A Function in Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E1458. [PMID: 32545517 PMCID: PMC7348894 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The MYH9 gene encodes the heavy chain (MHCII) of non-muscle myosin II A (NMII-A). This is an actin-binding molecular motor essential for development that participates in many crucial cellular processes such as adhesion, cell migration, cytokinesis and polarization, maintenance of cell shape and signal transduction. Several types of mutations in the MYH9 gene cause an array of autosomal dominant disorders, globally known as MYH9-related diseases (MYH9-RD). These include May-Hegglin anomaly (MHA), Epstein syndrome (EPS), Fechtner syndrome (FTS) and Sebastian platelet syndrome (SPS). Although caused by different MYH9 mutations, all patients present macrothrombocytopenia, but may later display other pathologies, including loss of hearing, renal failure and presenile cataracts. The correlation between the molecular and cellular effects of the different mutations and clinical presentation are beginning to be established. In this review, we correlate the defects that MYH9 mutations cause at a molecular and cellular level (for example, deficient filament formation, altered ATPase activity or actin-binding) with the clinical presentation of the syndromes in human patients. We address why these syndromes are tissue restricted, and the existence of possible compensatory mechanisms, including residual activity of mutant NMII-A and/ or the formation of heteropolymers or co-polymers with other NMII isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miguel Vicente-Manzanares
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (G.A.-J.); (C.L.-G.)
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30
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Peterman E, Valius M, Prekeris R. CLIC4 is a cytokinetic cleavage furrow protein that regulates cortical cytoskeleton stability during cell division. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs241117. [PMID: 32184265 PMCID: PMC7240295 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.241117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During mitotic cell division, the actomyosin cytoskeleton undergoes several dynamic changes that play key roles in progression through mitosis. Although the regulators of cytokinetic ring formation and contraction are well established, proteins that regulate cortical stability during anaphase and telophase have been understudied. Here, we describe a role for CLIC4 in regulating actin and actin regulators at the cortex and cytokinetic cleavage furrow during cytokinesis. We first describe CLIC4 as a new component of the cytokinetic cleavage furrow that is required for successful completion of mitotic cell division. We also demonstrate that CLIC4 regulates the remodeling of the sub-plasma-membrane actomyosin network within the furrow by recruiting MST4 kinase (also known as STK26) and regulating ezrin phosphorylation. This work identifies and characterizes new molecular players involved in regulating cortex stiffness and blebbing during the late stages of cytokinetic furrowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Peterman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mindaugas Valius
- Proteomics Center, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, Vilnius 10257, Lithuania
| | - Rytis Prekeris
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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