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Xiang Q, Li L, Ji W, Gawlitta D, Walboomers XF, van den Beucken JJJP. Beyond resorption: osteoclasts as drivers of bone formation. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 13:22. [PMID: 39392536 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence illustrates that osteoclasts (OCs) play diverse roles beyond bone resorption, contributing significantly to bone formation and regeneration. Despite this, OCs remain mysterious cells, with aspects of their lifespan-from origin, fusion, alterations in cellular characteristics, to functions-remaining incompletely understood. Recent studies have identified that embryonic osteoclastogenesis is primarily driven by osteoclast precursors (OCPs) derived from erythromyeloid progenitors (EMPs). These precursor cells subsequently fuse into OCs essential for normal bone development and repair. Postnatally, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) become the primary source of OCs, gradually replacing EMP-derived OCs and assuming functional roles in adulthood. The absence of OCs during bone development results in bone structure malformation, including abnormal bone marrow cavity formation and shorter long bones. Additionally, OCs are reported to have intimate interactions with blood vessels, influencing bone formation and repair through angiogenesis regulation. Upon biomaterial implantation, activation of the innate immune system ensues immediately. OCs, originating from macrophages, closely interact with the immune system. Furthermore, evidence from material-induced bone formation events suggests that OCs are pivotal in these de novo bone formation processes. Nevertheless, achieving a pure OC culture remains challenging, and interpreting OC functions in vivo faces difficulties due to the presence of other multinucleated cells around bone-forming biomaterials. We here describe the fusion characteristics of OCPs and summarize reliable markers and morphological changes in OCs during their fusion process, providing guidance for researchers in identifying OCs both in vitro and in vivo. This review focuses on OC formation, characterization, and the roles of OCs beyond resorption in various bone pathophysiological processes. Finally, therapeutic strategies targeting OCs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Xiang
- Radboudumc, Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips Van Leijdenlaan 25, Nijmegen, 6525EX, the Netherlands
| | - Lei Li
- Radboudumc, Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips Van Leijdenlaan 25, Nijmegen, 6525EX, the Netherlands
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, GA, 3508, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, CT, 3584, The Netherlands
| | - X Frank Walboomers
- Radboudumc, Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips Van Leijdenlaan 25, Nijmegen, 6525EX, the Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J J P van den Beucken
- Radboudumc, Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips Van Leijdenlaan 25, Nijmegen, 6525EX, the Netherlands.
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Chuang CH, Zhen YY, Ma JY, Lee TH, Hung HY, Wu CC, Wang PH, Huang CT, Huang MS, Hsiao M, Lee YR, Huang CYF, Chang YC, Yang CJ. CD47-mediated immune evasion in early-stage lung cancer progression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 720:150066. [PMID: 38749193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Alveolar and interstitial macrophages play crucial roles in eradicating pathogens and transformed cells in the lungs. The immune checkpoint CD47, found on normal and malignant cells, interacts with the SIRPα ligand on macrophages, inhibiting phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and promoting immune evasion. In this study, we demonstrated that CD47 is not only a transmembrane protein, but that it is also highly concentrated in extracellular vesicles from lung cancer cell lines and patient plasma. Abundant CD47 was observed in the cytoplasm of lung cancer cells, aligning with our finding that it was packed into extracellular vesicles for physiological and pathological functions. In our clinical cohort, extracellular vesicle CD47 was significantly higher in the patients with early-stage lung cancer, emphasizing innate immunity inactivation in early tumor progression. To validate our hypothesis, we established an orthotopic xenograft model mimicking lung cancer development, which showed increased serum soluble CD47 and elevated IL-10/TNF-α ratio, indicating an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. CD47 expression led to reduced tumor-infiltrating macrophages during progression, while there was a post-xenograft increase in tumor-associated macrophages. In conclusion, CD47 is pivotal in early lung cancer progression, with soluble CD47 emerging as a key pathological effector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hao Chuang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yi Zhen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Juei-Yang Ma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Huang Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Yang Hung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hui Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tang Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | | | - Ying-Ray Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Master of Science Program in Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying F Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Liang H, Zheng Y, Huang Z, Dai J, Yao L, Xie D, Chen D, Qiu H, Wang H, Li H, Leng J, Tang Z, Zhang D, Zhou H. Pan-cancer analysis for the prognostic and immunological role of CD47: interact with TNFRSF9 inducing CD8 + T cell exhaustion. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:149. [PMID: 38720108 PMCID: PMC11078914 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00951-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The research endeavors to explore the implications of CD47 in cancer immunotherapy effectiveness. Specifically, there is a gap in comprehending the influence of CD47 on the tumor immune microenvironment, particularly in relation to CD8 + T cells. Our study aims to elucidate the prognostic and immunological relevance of CD47 to enhance insights into its prospective utilities in immunotherapeutic interventions. METHODS Differential gene expression analysis, prognosis assessment, immunological infiltration evaluation, pathway enrichment analysis, and correlation investigation were performed utilizing a combination of R packages, computational algorithms, diverse datasets, and patient cohorts. Validation of the concept was achieved through the utilization of single-cell sequencing technology. RESULTS CD47 demonstrated ubiquitous expression across various cancer types and was notably associated with unfavorable prognostic outcomes in pan-cancer assessments. Immunological investigations unveiled a robust correlation between CD47 expression and T-cell infiltration rather than T-cell exclusion across multiple cancer types. Specifically, the CD47-high group exhibited a poorer prognosis for the cytotoxic CD8 + T cell Top group compared to the CD47-low group, suggesting a potential impairment of CD8 + T cell functionality by CD47. The exploration of mechanism identified enrichment of CD47-associated differentially expressed genes in the CD8 + T cell exhausted pathway in multiple cancer contexts. Further analyses focusing on the CD8 TCR Downstream Pathway and gene correlation patterns underscored the significant involvement of TNFRSF9 in mediating these effects. CONCLUSION A robust association exists between CD47 and the exhaustion of CD8 + T cells, potentially enabling immune evasion by cancer cells and thereby contributing to adverse prognostic outcomes. Consequently, genes such as CD47 and those linked to T-cell exhaustion, notably TNFRSF9, present as promising dual antigenic targets, providing critical insights into the field of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Liang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zekai Huang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jinchi Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lintong Yao
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Daipeng Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Duo Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hongrui Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huili Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jinhang Leng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ziming Tang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Dongkun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, China.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Moon S, Han S, Jang IH, Ryu J, Rha MS, Cho HJ, Yoon SS, Nam KT, Kim CH, Park MS, Seong JK, Lee WJ, Yoon JH, Chung YW, Ryu JH. Airway epithelial CD47 plays a critical role in inducing influenza virus-mediated bacterial super-infection. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3666. [PMID: 38693120 PMCID: PMC11063069 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infection increases host susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections, yet the precise dynamics within airway epithelia remain elusive. Here, we elucidate the pivotal role of CD47 in the airway epithelium during bacterial super-infection. We demonstrated that upon influenza virus infection, CD47 expression was upregulated and localized on the apical surface of ciliated cells within primary human nasal or bronchial epithelial cells. This induced CD47 exposure provided attachment sites for Staphylococcus aureus, thereby compromising the epithelial barrier integrity. Through bacterial adhesion assays and in vitro pull-down assays, we identified fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBP) of S. aureus as a key component that binds to CD47. Furthermore, we found that ciliated cell-specific CD47 deficiency or neutralizing antibody-mediated CD47 inactivation enhanced in vivo survival rates. These findings suggest that interfering with the interaction between airway epithelial CD47 and pathogenic bacterial FnBP holds promise for alleviating the adverse effects of super-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Jang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaechan Ryu
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Min-Seok Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Sun Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jae Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Wook Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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5
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von Ofen AJ, Thiel U, Eck J, Gassmann H, Thiede M, Hauer J, Holm PS, Schober SJ. YB-1-based oncolytic virotherapy in combination with CD47 blockade enhances phagocytosis of pediatric sarcoma cells. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1304374. [PMID: 38357194 PMCID: PMC10865101 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1304374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively replicate in tumor cells resulting in lysis, spreading of new infectious units and induction of antitumor immune responses through abrogating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Due to their mode of action, OVs are ideal combination partners with targeted immunotherapies. One highly attractive combination is the inhibition of the 'don't-eat-me'-signal CD47, which is known to increase the phagocytic potential of tumor-associated macrophages. In this work, we analyzed the combination approach consisting of the YB-1-based oncolytic adenovirus XVir-N-31 (XVir) and the CD47 inhibitor (CD47i) B6.H12.2 concerning its phagocytic potential. We investigate phagocytosis of XVir-, adenovirus wildtype (AdWT)-, and non-infected established pediatric sarcoma cell lines by different monocytic cells. Phagocytes (immature dendritic cells and macrophages) were derived from THP-1 cells and healthy human donors. Phagocytosis of tumor cells was assessed via FACS analysis in the presence and absence of CD47i. Additional characterization of T cell-stimulatory surface receptors as well as chemo-/cytokine analyses were performed. Furthermore, tumor cells were infected and studied for the surface expression of the 'eat-me'-signal calreticulin (CALR) and the 'don't-eat-me'-signal CD47. We herein demonstrate that (1) XVir-infected tumor cells upregulate both CALR and CD47. XVir induces higher upregulation of CD47 than AdWT. (2) XVir-infection enhances phagocytosis in general and (3) the combination of XVir and CD47i compared to controls showed by far superior enhancement of phagocytosis, tumor cell killing and innate immune activation. In conclusion, the combination of CD47i and XVir causes a significant increase in phagocytosis exceeding the monotherapies considerably accompanied by upregulation of T cell-stimulatory receptor expression and inflammatory chemo/-cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Josefine von Ofen
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Thiel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Eck
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Gassmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Thiede
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Per Sonne Holm
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian J. Schober
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Mohammad-Rafiei F, Moadab F, Mahmoudi A, Navashenaq JG, Gheibihayat SM. Efferocytosis: a double-edged sword in microbial immunity. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:370. [PMID: 37925389 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03704-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Efferocytosis is characterized as the rapid and efficient process by which dying or dead cells are removed. This type of clearance is initiated via "find-me" signals, and then, carries on by "eat-me" and "don't-eat-me" ones. Efferocytosis has a critical role to play in tissue homeostasis and innate immunity. However, some evidence suggests it as a double-edged sword in microbial immunity. In other words, some pathogens have degraded efferocytosis by employing efferocytic mechanisms to bypass innate immune detection and promote infection, despite the function of this process for the control and clearance of pathogens. In this review, the efferocytosis mechanisms from the recognition of dying cells to phagocytic engulfment are initially presented, and then, its diverse roles in inflammation and immunity are highlighted. In this case, much focus is also laid on some bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum), Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), Influenza A virus (IAV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Leishmania, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammad-Rafiei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moadab
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Ali Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Woo JK, Kim TG, Im NY, Son KY, Cho M, Jeong YJ, Hong JI, Kang B, Enkhtaivan G, Cho NH, Alain T, Park DG, Lee YS. Dual-Armed Oncolytic Myxoma Virus Encoding IFN-γ and CD47 Promotes Lymphocyte Infiltration and Tumor Suppression of Syngeneic Murine Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4703. [PMID: 37835397 PMCID: PMC10571683 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Myxoma virus (MyxV) is a rabbit-specific poxvirus. However, its ability to selectively target tumor cells has established it as a safe and effective anticancer therapy. To strengthen its preclinical efficacy, transgenes that can prolong cancer cell infection and enhance anti-tumor effector functions are currently being investigated. We engineered MyxV armed with CD47, to turn on a 'do not eat me' signal within infected cells with actively replicating viruses, and with IFN-γ to further activate host immune anticancer responses. Tumor suppressive activities were significantly enhanced by the dual-armed MyxV_CD47/IFN-γ compared to parental MyxV or single-armed MyxV_CD47 or MyxV_IFN-γ. In addition, significant increases in IFN-γ+ CD8+T-cells and CD4+ T-cells populations within tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were observed after MyxV_CD47/IFN-γ treatment. Notably, all groups treated with MyxV showed a marked reduction in Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) within TIL. We also show that MyxV infection induces PD-L1 up-regulation in cancer cells, and combinational treatment of MyxV with anti-mouse PD-L1 antibodies (αPD-L1) further controlled tumor burden and increased survival in the syngeneic melanoma model B16F10. Our data demonstrate that a CD47 and IFNγ dual-armed MyxV is an effective oncolytic viral immunotherapeutic. These findings strongly support further preclinical investigations to develop next-generation MyxV-based immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kyu Woo
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Geuk Kim
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yeon Im
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Ka-Yeon Son
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyeon Cho
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Jin Jeong
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Im Hong
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - BoRim Kang
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Gansukh Enkhtaivan
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tommy Alain
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Dong Guk Park
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Lee
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
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8
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Maoz A, Weiskopf K. Phagocytic cooperativity by tumour macrophages. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:1057-1059. [PMID: 37679572 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Maoz
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kipp Weiskopf
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Shiratori-Aso S, Nakazawa D, Kudo T, Kanda M, Ueda Y, Watanabe-Kusunoki K, Nishio S, Iwasaki S, Tsuji T, Masuda S, Tomaru U, Ishizu A, Atsumi T. CD47 blockade ameliorates autoimmune vasculitis via efferocytosis of neutrophil extracellular traps. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167486. [PMID: 37368493 PMCID: PMC10445685 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation contributes to immune defense and is a distinct form of cell death. Excessive NET formation is found in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated (ANCA-associated) vasculitis (AAV), contributing to disease progression. The clearance of dead cells by macrophages, a process known as efferocytosis, is regulated by the CD47-mediated "don't eat me" signal. Hence, we hypothesized that pathogenic NETs in AAV escape from efferocytosis via the CD47 signaling pathway, resulting in the development of necrotizing vasculitis. Immunostaining for CD47 in human renal tissues revealed high CD47 expression in crescentic glomerular lesions of patients with AAV. In ex vivo studies, ANCA-induced netting neutrophils increased the expression of CD47 with the reduction of efferocytosis. After efferocytosis, macrophages displayed proinflammatory phenotypes. The blockade of CD47 in spontaneous crescentic glomerulonephritis-forming/Kinjoh (SCG/Kj) mice ameliorated renal disease and reduced myeloperoxidase-ANCA (MPO-ANCA) titers with a reduction in NET formation. Thus, CD47 blockade would protect against developing glomerulonephritis in AAV via restored efferocytosis of ANCA-induced NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoka Shiratori-Aso
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daigo Nakazawa
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kanda
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusho Ueda
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kanako Watanabe-Kusunoki
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Saori Nishio
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sari Iwasaki
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuji
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sakiko Masuda
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Utano Tomaru
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ishizu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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10
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Zandi M, Shafaati M, Shenagari M, Naziri H. Targeting CD47 as a therapeutic strategy: A common bridge in the therapy of COVID-19-related cancers. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17959. [PMID: 37456027 PMCID: PMC10344805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are essential mediators of innate immunity. Non-self-cells resist phagocytosis through the expression of the checkpoint molecule CD47. CD47, as the integrin-associated protein, is overexpressed on tumor and SARS-CoV-2-infected cells as a potential surface biomarker for immune surveillance evasion. CD47-signal-regulating protein alpha (SIRPα) interaction is a promising innate immunotarget. Previous findings based on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or fusion proteins that block CD47 or SIRPα have been developed in cancer research. While CD47 efficacy in infectious diseases, especially severe COVID-19 studies, is lacking, focus on macrophage-mediated immunotherapy that increases "eat me" signals in combination therapy with mAbs is optimistic. This integrin-related protein can be as a potential target to therapy for COVID-19. Here, we concentrate on the role of the CD47 signaling pathway as a novel therapeutic strategy for COVID-19-associated cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Zandi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shafaati
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty Science, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shenagari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hamed Naziri
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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11
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Govatati S, Pichavaram P, Kumar R, Rao GN. Blockade of CD47 function attenuates restenosis by promoting smooth muscle cell efferocytosis and inhibiting their migration and proliferation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104594. [PMID: 36898577 PMCID: PMC10124914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of various diseases including atherosclerosis, but its role in neointimal hyperplasia which contributes to restenosis, has not been studied. Using molecular approaches in combination with a mouse vascular endothelial denudation model, we studied the role of CD47 in injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. We determined that thrombin induced CD47 expression both in human and mouse aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs and MASMCs). In exploring the mechanisms, we found that the protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1)-Gα protein q/11 (Gαq/11)-phospholipase Cβ3 (PLCβ3)-nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) signaling axis regulates thrombin-induced CD47 expression in HASMCs. Depletion of CD47 levels using its siRNA or interference of its function by its blocking antibody (bAb) blunted thrombin-induced migration and proliferation of HASMCs and MASMCs. In addition, we found that thrombin-induced HASMC migration requires CD47 interaction with integrin β3. On the other hand, thrombin-induced HASMC proliferation was dependent on CD47's role in nuclear export and degradation of CDK-interacting protein 1 (p21Cip1). In addition, suppression of CD47 function by its bAb rescued HASMC efferocytosis from inhibition by thrombin. We also found that vascular injury induces CD47 expression in intimal SMCs and that inhibition of CD47 function by its bAb, while alleviating injury-induced inhibition of SMC efferocytosis, attenuated SMC migration and proliferation resulting in reduced neointima formation. Thus, these findings reveal a pathological role for CD47 in neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Govatati
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Prahalathan Pichavaram
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Gadiparthi N Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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12
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Gwag T, Li D, Ma E, Guo Z, Liang Y, Wang S. CD47 antisense oligonucleotide treatment attenuates obesity and its-associated metabolic dysfunction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2748. [PMID: 36797364 PMCID: PMC9935863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous study from our lab has revealed a new role of CD47 in regulating adipose tissue function, energy homeostasis and the development of obesity and metabolic disease in CD47 deficient mice. In this study, the therapeutic potential of an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting to CD47 in obesity and its-associated complications was determined in two obese mouse models (diet induced and genetic models). In diet induced obesity, male C57BL6 mice were fed with high fat (HF) diet to induce obesity and then treated with CD47ASO or control ASO for 8 weeks. In genetic obese mouse model, male six-week old ob/ob mice were treated with ASOs for 9 weeks. We found that CD47ASO treatment reduced HF diet-induced weight gain, decreased fat mass, prevented dyslipidemia, and improved glucose tolerance. These changes were accompanied by reduced inflammation in white adipose tissue and decreased hepatic steatosis. This protection was also seen in CD47ASO treated ob/ob mice. Mechanistically, CD47ASO treatment increased mice physical activity and energy expenditure, contributing to weight loss and improved metabolic outcomes in obese mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that CD47ASO might serve as a new treatment option for obesity and its-associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taesik Gwag
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA
| | - Eric Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Zhenheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA.
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13
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Karizak AZ, Salmasi Z, Gheibihayat SM, Asadi M, Ghasemi Y, Tajbakhsh A, Savardashtaki A. Understanding the regulation of "Don't Eat-Me" signals by inflammatory signaling pathways in the tumor microenvironment for more effective therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:511-529. [PMID: 36342520 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Receptor/ligand pair immune checkpoints are inhibitors that regulate immunity as vital "Don't Find-Me" signals to the adaptive immune system, additionally, the essential goals of anti-cancer therapy. Moreover, the immune checkpoints are involved in treatment resistance in cancer therapy. The immune checkpoints as a signal from "self" and their expression on healthy cells prevent phagocytosis. Cells (e.g., senescent and/or apoptotic cells) with low immune checkpoints, such as low CD47 and/or PD-L1, are phagocytosed, which is necessary for tissue integrity and homeostasis maintenance. In other words, cancer cells induce increased CD47 expression in the tumor microenvironment (TME), avoiding their clearance by immune cells. PD-L1 and/or CD47 expression tumors have also been employed as biomarkers to guide cure prospects. Thus, targeting innate and adaptive immune checkpoints might improve the influence of the treatments on tumor cells. However, the CD47 regulation in the TME stands intricate, so much of this process has stayed a riddle. In this line, less attention has been paid to cytokines in TME. Cytokines are significant regulators of tumor immune surveillance, and they do this by controlling the actions of the immune cell. Recently, it has been suggested that different types of cytokines at TME might cooperate with others that contribute to the regulation of CD47 and/or PD-L1. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data were searched in available databases and a Web Search engine (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar) using related keywords in the title, abstract, and keywords. CONCLUSION Given the significant role of pro/anti-inflammatory signaling in the TME, we discuss the present understanding of pro/anti-inflammatory signaling implications in "Don't Eat-Me" regulation signals, particularly CD47, in the pathophysiology of cancers and come up with innovative opinions for the clinical transformation and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Zare Karizak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salmasi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Marzieh Asadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71362 81407, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71362 81407, Iran. .,Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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14
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Nath PR, Pal-Nath D, Kaur S, Gangaplara A, Meyer TJ, Cam MC, Roberts DD. Loss of CD47 alters CD8+ T cell activation in vitro and immunodynamics in mice. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2111909. [PMID: 36105746 PMCID: PMC9467551 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
CD47 has established roles in the immune system for regulating macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte activation, with growing evidence of its cell-intrinsic regulatory roles in natural killer and CD8+ T cells. CD47 limits antigen-dependent cytotoxic activities of human and murine CD8+ T cells, but its role in T cell activation kinetics remains unclear. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we show here that CD47 differentially regulates CD8+ T cell responses to short- versus long-term activation. Although CD47 was not required for T cell development in mice and early activation in vitro, short-term stimuli elevated pathogen-reactive gene expression and enhanced proliferation and the effector phenotypes of Cd47-deficient relative to Cd47-sufficient CD8+ T cells. In contrast, persistent TCR stimulation limited the effector phenotypes of Cd47 -/- CD8+ T cells and enhanced their apoptosis signature. CD8+ T cell expansion and activation in vivo induced by acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection did not differ in the absence of CD47. However, the frequency and effector phenotypes of Cd47-/- CD8+ T cells were constrained in chronic LCMV-infected as well as in mice bearing B16 melanoma tumors. Therefore, CD47 regulates CD8+ T cell activation, proliferation, and fitness in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak R. Nath
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Clinical and Translational Immunology Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dipasmita Pal-Nath
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arunkumar Gangaplara
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Margaret C Cam
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Office of Science and Technology Resources, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David D. Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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Zhao H, Song S, Ma J, Yan Z, Xie H, Feng Y, Che S. CD47 as a promising therapeutic target in oncology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:757480. [PMID: 36081498 PMCID: PMC9446754 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.757480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CD47 is ubiquitously expressed on the surface of cells and plays a critical role in self-recognition. By interacting with SIRPα, TSP-1 and integrins, CD47 modulates cellular phagocytosis by macrophages, determines life span of individual erythrocytes, regulates activation of immune cells, and manipulates synaptic pruning during neuronal development. As such, CD47 has recently be regarded as one of novel innate checkpoint receptor targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we will discuss increasing awareness about the diverse functions of CD47 and its role in immune system homeostasis. Then, we will discuss its potential therapeutic roles against cancer and outlines, the possible future research directions of CD47- based therapeutics against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuangshuang Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junwei Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiyong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongwei Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Emergency, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shusheng Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Shusheng Che,
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16
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van Duijn A, Van der Burg SH, Scheeren FA. CD47/SIRPα axis: bridging innate and adaptive immunity. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004589. [PMID: 35831032 PMCID: PMC9280883 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid immune cells are frequently present in the tumor environment, and although they can positively contribute to tumor control they often negatively impact anticancer immune responses. One way of inhibiting the positive contributions of myeloid cells is by signaling through the cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47)/signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) axis. The SIRPα receptor is expressed on myeloid cells and is an inhibitory immune receptor that, upon binding to CD47 protein, delivers a ‘don’t eat me’ signal. As CD47 is often overexpressed on cancer cells, treatments targeting CD47/SIRPα have been under active investigation and are currently being tested in clinical settings. Interestingly, the CD47/SIRPα axis is also involved in T cell-mediated antitumor responses. In this perspective we provide an overview of recent studies showing how therapeutic blockade of the CD47/SIRPα axis improves the adaptive immune response. Furthermore, we discuss the interconnection between the myeloid CD47/SIRPα axis and adaptive T cell responses as well as the potential therapeutic role of the CD47/SIRPα axis in tumors with acquired resistance to the classic immunotherapy through major histocompatibility complex downregulation. Altogether this review provides a profound insight for the optimal exploitation of CD47/SIRPα immune checkpoint therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneloes van Duijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H Van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ferenc A Scheeren
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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17
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New Targets for Antiviral Therapy: Inhibitory Receptors and Immune Checkpoints on Myeloid Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061144. [PMID: 35746616 PMCID: PMC9230063 DOI: 10.3390/v14061144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune homeostasis is achieved by balancing the activating and inhibitory signal transduction pathways mediated via cell surface receptors. Activation allows the host to mount an immune response to endogenous and exogenous antigens; suppressive modulation via inhibitory signaling protects the host from excessive inflammatory damage. The checkpoint regulation of myeloid cells during immune homeostasis raised their profile as important cellular targets for treating allergy, cancer and infectious disease. This review focuses on the structure and signaling of inhibitory receptors on myeloid cells, with particular attention placed on how the interplay between viruses and these receptors regulates antiviral immunity. The status of targeting inhibitory receptors on myeloid cells as a new therapeutic approach for antiviral treatment will be analyzed.
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18
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Rao D, O'Donnell KL, Carmody A, Weissman IL, Hasenkrug KJ, Marzi A. CD47 expression attenuates Ebola virus-induced immunopathology in mice. Antiviral Res 2022; 197:105226. [PMID: 34923028 PMCID: PMC8748401 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that a very early cell-intrinsic response to infection is the upregulation of CD47 cell surface expression, a molecule known for delivering a "don't eat me signal" that inhibits macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and antigen presentation. Thus, blockade of CD47 signaling during lymphocytic choriomenigitis virus infections of mice has been shown to enhance the kinetics and potency of immune responses, thereby producing faster recovery. It seems counterintuitive that one of the earliest responses to infection would be immunoinhibitory, but it has been hypothesized that CD47 induction acts as an innate immune system checkpoint to prevent immune overactivation and immunopathogenic responses during certain infections. In the current study we examined the effect of CD47 blockade on lethal Ebola virus infection of mice. At 6 days post-infection, CD47 blockade was associated with significantly increased activation of B cells along with increases in recently cytolytic CD8+ T cells. However, the anti-CD47-treated mice exhibited increased weight loss, higher virus titers, and succumbed more rapidly. The anti-CD47-treated mice also had increased inflammatory cytokines in the plasma indicative of a "cytokine storm". Thus, in the context of this rapid hemorrhagic disease, CD47 blockade indeed exacerbated immunopathology and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepashri Rao
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Kyle L O'Donnell
- Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Aaron Carmody
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kim J Hasenkrug
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
| | - Andrea Marzi
- Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
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19
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Dehmani S, Nerrière-Daguin V, Néel M, Elain-Duret N, Heslan JM, Belarif L, Mary C, Thepenier V, Biteau K, Poirier N, Blancho G, Haspot F. SIRPγ-CD47 Interaction Positively Regulates the Activation of Human T Cells in Situation of Chronic Stimulation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:732530. [PMID: 34925315 PMCID: PMC8671138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.732530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A numerous number of positive and negative signals via various molecules modulate T-cell activation. Within the various transmembrane proteins, SIRPγ is of interest since it is not expressed in rodents. SIRPγ interaction with CD47 is reevaluated in this study. Indeed, we show that the anti-SIRPγ mAb clone LSB2.20 previously used by others has not been appropriately characterized. We reveal that the anti-SIRPα clone KWAR23 is a Pan anti-SIRP mAb which efficiently blocks SIRPα and SIRPγ interactions with CD47. We show that SIRPγ expression on T cells varies with their differentiation and while being expressed on Tregs, is not implicated in their suppressive functions. SIRPγ spatial reorganization at the immune synapse is independent of its interaction with CD47. In vitro SIRPα-γ/CD47 blockade with KWAR23 impairs IFN-γ secretion by chronically activated T cells. In vivo in a xeno-GvHD model in NSG mice, the SIRPγ/CD47 blockade with the KWAR23 significantly delays the onset of the xeno-GvHD and deeply impairs human chimerism. In conclusion, we have shown that T-cell interaction with CD47 is of importance notably in chronic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Dehmani
- OSE Immunotherapeutics, Nantes, France.,Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Nerrière-Daguin
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Mélanie Néel
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Nathan Elain-Duret
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heslan
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gilles Blancho
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
| | - Fabienne Haspot
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
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20
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Zhao C, Lv H, Tao S, Zhang T, Xu N, Zhu L. Exosomes: Promising nanocarrier for cancer therapy. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chen‐Chen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Health Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Hui‐Zhong Lv
- College of Life Sciences and Health Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Su‐Wan Tao
- College of Life Sciences and Health Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Tong‐Cun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Health Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Health Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Lian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences and Health Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei Province China
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan Hubei China
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21
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remodels the cell surface of infected cells to facilitate viral dissemination and promote immune evasion. The membrane-associated viral protein U (Vpu) accessory protein encoded by HIV-1 plays a key role in this process by altering cell surface levels of multiple host proteins. Using an unbiased quantitative plasma membrane profiling approach, we previously identified CD47 as a putative host target downregulated by Vpu. CD47 is a ubiquitously expressed cell surface protein that interacts with the myeloid cell inhibitory receptor signal regulatory protein-alpha (SIRPα) to deliver a "don't-eat-me" signal, thus protecting cells from phagocytosis. In this study, we investigate whether CD47 modulation by HIV-1 Vpu might promote the susceptibility of macrophages to viral infection via phagocytosis of infected CD4+ T cells. Indeed, we find that Vpu downregulates CD47 expression on infected CD4+ T cells, leading to enhanced capture and phagocytosis by macrophages. We further provide evidence that this Vpu-dependent process allows a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5)-tropic transmitted/founder (T/F) virus, which otherwise poorly infects macrophages in its cell-free form, to efficiently infect macrophages. Importantly, we show that HIV-1-infected cells expressing a Vpu-resistant CD47 mutant are less prone to infecting macrophages through phagocytosis. Mechanistically, Vpu forms a physical complex with CD47 through its transmembrane domain and targets the latter for lysosomal degradation. These results reveal a novel role of Vpu in modulating macrophage infection, which has important implications for HIV-1 transmission in early stages of infection and the establishment of viral reservoir. IMPORTANCE Macrophages play critical roles in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, viral spread early in infection, and as a reservoir of virus. Selective capture and engulfment of HIV-1-infected T cells was shown to drive efficient macrophage infection, suggesting that this mechanism represents an important mode of infection notably for weakly macrophage-tropic T/F viruses. In this study, we provide insight into the signals that regulate this process. We show that the HIV-1 accessory protein viral protein U (Vpu) downregulates cell surface levels of CD47, a host protein that interacts with the inhibitory receptor signal regulatory protein-alpha (SIRPα), to deliver a "don't-eat-me" signal to macrophages. This allows for enhanced capture and phagocytosis of infected T cells by macrophages, ultimately leading to their productive infection even with transmitted/founder (T/F) virus. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms governing the intercellular transmission of HIV-1 to macrophages with implications for the establishment of the macrophage reservoir and early HIV-1 dissemination in vivo.
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22
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Okunuki Y, Tabor SJ, Lee MY, Connor KM. CD47 Deficiency Ameliorates Ocular Autoimmune Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680568. [PMID: 34093583 PMCID: PMC8174453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune uveitis is a sight-threatening ocular inflammatory condition in which the retina and uveal tissues become a target of autoreactive immune cells. The CD47 is a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane protein which plays multiple roles in fundamental cellular functions including phagocytosis, proliferation, and adhesion. Signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), one of the CD47 ligands, is predominantly expressed in myeloid lineage cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) or macrophages, and CD47-SIRPα signaling pathway is implicated in the development of autoimmune diseases. Our current study demonstrates how CD47 depletion is effective in the prevention of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), an animal model of human autoimmune uveitis, in animals deficient of CD47 (CD47-/- ). Systemic suppression of SIRPα+ DCs in animals deficient in CD47 resulted in the inability of autoreactive CD4+ T cells to develop, which is crucial to induction of EAU. Of interest, retinal microglia, the resident immune cell of the retina, express SIRPα, however these cells were not operative in EAU suppression in response to CD47 depletion. These results identify CD47 as a significant regulator in the development of SIRPα+ DCs that is vital to disease induction in EAU.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kip M. Connor
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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23
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I'm Infected, Eat Me! Innate Immunity Mediated by Live, Infected Cells Signaling To Be Phagocytosed. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00476-20. [PMID: 33558325 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00476-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity against pathogens is known to be mediated by barriers to pathogen invasion, activation of complement, recruitment of immune cells, immune cell phagocytosis of pathogens, death of infected cells, and activation of the adaptive immunity via antigen presentation. Here, we propose and review evidence for a novel mode of innate immunity whereby live, infected host cells induce phagocytes to phagocytose the infected cell, thereby potentially reducing infection. We discuss evidence that host cells, infected by virus, bacteria, or other intracellular pathogens (i) release nucleotides and chemokines as find-me signals, (ii) expose on their surface phosphatidylserine and calreticulin as eat-me signals, (iii) release and bind opsonins to induce phagocytosis, and (iv) downregulate don't-eat-me signals CD47, major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC1), and sialic acid. As long as the pathogens of the host cell are destroyed within the phagocyte, then infection can be curtailed; if antigens from the pathogens are cross-presented by the phagocyte, then an adaptive response would also be induced. Phagocytosis of live infected cells may thereby mediate innate immunity.
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24
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Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Mdkhana B, Al Heialy S, Alsafar HS, Hamoudi R, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Enhanced expression of immune checkpoint receptors during SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 20:109-121. [PMID: 33200082 PMCID: PMC7658590 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is tightly regulated by the activity of stimulatory and inhibitory immune receptors. This immune homeostasis is usually disturbed during chronic viral infection. Using publicly available transcriptomic datasets, we conducted in silico analyses to evaluate the expression pattern of 38 selected immune inhibitory receptors (IRs) associated with different myeloid and lymphoid immune cells during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Our analyses revealed a pattern of overall upregulation of IR mRNA during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A large number of IRs expressed on both lymphoid and myeloid cells were upregulated in nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs), while lymphoid-associated IRs were specifically upregulated in autopsies, reflecting severe, terminal stage COVID-19 disease. Eight genes (BTLA, LAG3, FCGR2B, PDCD1, CEACAM1, CTLA4, CD72, and SIGLEC7), shared by NPSs and autopsies, were more expressed in autopsies and were directly correlated with viral levels. Single-cell data from blood and bronchoalveolar samples also reflected the observed association between IR upregulation and disease severity. Moreover, compared to SARS-CoV-1, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus infections, the number and intensities of upregulated IRs were higher in SARS-CoV-2 infections. In conclusion, the immunopathology and severity of COVID-19 could be attributed to dysregulation of different immune inhibitors. Targeting one or more of these immune inhibitors could represent an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of COVID-19 early and late immune dysregulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bushra Mdkhana
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Al Heialy
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Healthy Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Habiba S. Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Healthy Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Zheng DJ, Abou Taka M, Heit B. Role of Apoptotic Cell Clearance in Pneumonia and Inflammatory Lung Disease. Pathogens 2021; 10:134. [PMID: 33572846 PMCID: PMC7912081 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia and inflammatory diseases of the pulmonary system such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. While the etiology of these diseases is highly different, they share a number of similarities in the underlying inflammatory processes driving disease pathology. Multiple recent studies have identified failures in efferocytosis-the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells-as a common driver of inflammation and tissue destruction in these diseases. Effective efferocytosis has been shown to be important for resolving inflammatory diseases of the lung and the subsequent restoration of normal lung function, while many pneumonia-causing pathogens manipulate the efferocytic system to enhance their growth and avoid immunity. Moreover, some treatments used to manage these patients, such as inhaled corticosteroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the prevalent use of statins for cardiovascular disease, have been found to beneficially alter efferocytic activity in these patients. In this review, we provide an overview of the efferocytic process and its role in the pathophysiology and resolution of pneumonia and other inflammatory diseases of the lungs, and discuss the utility of existing and emerging therapies for modulating efferocytosis as potential treatments for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jiao Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Maria Abou Taka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Bryan Heit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
- Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada
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26
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Cham LB, Adomati T, Li F, Ali M, Lang KS. CD47 as a Potential Target to Therapy for Infectious Diseases. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:antib9030044. [PMID: 32882841 PMCID: PMC7551396 DOI: 10.3390/antib9030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrin associated protein (CD47) is a widely and moderately expressed glycoprotein in all healthy cells. Cancer cells are known to induce increased CD47 expression. Similar to cancer cells, all immune cells can upregulate their CD47 surface expression during infection. The CD47-SIRPa interaction induces an inhibitory effect on macrophages and dendritic cells (dendritic cells) while CD47-thrombospondin-signaling inhibits T cells. Therefore, the disruption of the CD47 interaction can mediate several biologic functions. Upon the blockade and knockout of CD47 reveals an immunosuppressive effect of CD47 during LCMV, influenza virus, HIV-1, mycobacterium tuberculosis, plasmodium and other bacterial pneumonia infections. In our recent study we shows that the blockade of CD47 using the anti-CD47 antibody increases the activation and effector function of macrophages, dendritic cells and T cells during viral infection. By enhancing both innate and adaptive immunity, CD47 blocking antibody promotes antiviral effect. Due to its broad mode of action, the immune-stimulatory effect derived from this antibody could be applicable in nonresolving and (re)emerging infections. The anti-CD47 antibody is currently under clinical trial for the treatment of cancer and could also have amenable therapeutic potential against infectious diseases. This review highlights the immunotherapeutic targeted role of CD47 in the infectious disease realm.
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27
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Morrissey MA, Kern N, Vale RD. CD47 Ligation Repositions the Inhibitory Receptor SIRPA to Suppress Integrin Activation and Phagocytosis. Immunity 2020; 53:290-302.e6. [PMID: 32768386 PMCID: PMC7453839 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
CD47 acts as a "don't eat me" signal that protects cells from phagocytosis by binding and activating its receptor SIPRA on macrophages. CD47 suppresses multiple different pro-engulfment "eat me" signals, including immunoglobulin G (IgG), complement, and calreticulin, on distinct target cells. This complexity has limited understanding of how the "don't eat me" signal is transduced biochemically. Here, we utilized a reconstituted system with a defined set of signals to interrogate the mechanism of SIRPA activation and its downstream targets. CD47 ligation altered SIRPA localization, positioning SIRPA for activation at the phagocytic synapse. At the phagocytic synapse, SIRPA inhibited integrin activation to limit macrophage spreading across the surface of the engulfment target. Chemical reactivation of integrin bypassed CD47-mediated inhibition and rescued engulfment, similar to the effect of a CD47 function-blocking antibody. Thus, the CD47-SIRPA axis suppresses phagocytosis by inhibiting inside-out activation of integrin signaling in the macrophage, with implications to cancer immunotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan A Morrissey
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nadja Kern
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ronald D Vale
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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28
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Abstract
Immune responses to infectious agents are initiated when a pathogen or its components bind to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). PRR binding sets off a cascade of events that activates immune responses. We now show that, in addition to activating immune responses, PRR signaling also initiates an immunosuppressive response, probably to limit inflammation. The importance of the current findings is that blockade of immunomodulatory signaling, which is mediated by the upregulation of the CD47 molecule, can lead to enhanced immune responses to any pathogen that triggers PRR signaling. Since most or all pathogens trigger PRRs, CD47 blockade could be used to speed up and strengthen both innate and adaptive immune responses when medically indicated. Such immunotherapy could be done without a requirement for knowing the HLA type of the individual, the specific antigens of the pathogen, or, in the case of bacterial infections, the antimicrobial resistance profile. It is well understood that the adaptive immune response to infectious agents includes a modulating suppressive component as well as an activating component. We now show that the very early innate response also has an immunosuppressive component. Infected cells upregulate the CD47 “don’t eat me” signal, which slows the phagocytic uptake of dying and viable cells as well as downstream antigen-presenting cell (APC) functions. A CD47 mimic that acts as an essential virulence factor is encoded by all poxviruses, but CD47 expression on infected cells was found to be upregulated even by pathogens, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), that encode no mimic. CD47 upregulation was revealed to be a host response induced by the stimulation of both endosomal and cytosolic pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). Furthermore, proinflammatory cytokines, including those found in the plasma of hepatitis C patients, upregulated CD47 on uninfected dendritic cells, thereby linking innate modulation with downstream adaptive immune responses. Indeed, results from antibody-mediated CD47 blockade experiments as well as CD47 knockout mice revealed an immunosuppressive role for CD47 during infections with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Since CD47 blockade operates at the level of pattern recognition receptors rather than at a pathogen or antigen-specific level, these findings identify CD47 as a novel potential immunotherapeutic target for the enhancement of immune responses to a broad range of infectious agents.
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