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Yu SH, Feng XY, Fan MY, Zhang YZ, Wang Y. Efficient removal of phosphorus and nitrogen from aquatic environment using sepiolite-MgO nanocomposites: preparation, characterization, removal performance, and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:17481-17493. [PMID: 38342832 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Excessive phosphorus will lead to eutrophication in aquatic environment; the efficient removal of phosphorus is crucial for wastewater engineering and surface water management. This study aimed to fabricate a nanorod-like sepiolite-supported MgO (S-MgO) nanocomposite with high specific surface area for efficient phosphate removal using a facile microwave-assisted method and calcining processes. The impact of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial phosphate concentrations, Ca2+ addition, and N/P ratio on the phosphate removal was extensively examined by the batch experiments. The findings demonstrated that the S-MgO nanocomposite exhibited effective removal performance for low-level phosphate (0 ~ 2.0 mM) within the pH range of 3.0 ~ 10.0. Additionally, the nanocomposite can synchronously remove phosphate and ammonium in high-level nutrient conditions (> 2.0 mM), with the maximum removal capacities of 188.49 mg P/g and 89.78 mg N/g. Quantitative and qualitative analyses confirmed the successful harvesting of struvite in effluent with high-phosphate concentrations, with the mechanisms involved attributed to a synergistic combination of sorption and struvite crystallization. Due to its proficient phosphate removal efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and substantial removal capacity, the developed S-MgO nanocomposite exhibits promising potential for application in phosphorus removal from aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hui Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin-Yi Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Ying Fan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Zhao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
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Quantitatively ion-exchange between Mg(II) and Pb(II)/Cd(II) during the highly efficient adsorption by MgO-loaded lotus stem biochar. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2023.104736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Balamurugan S, Jainshaa J, Ashika S. Comparison of the synthesis of s, p, d, and f block simple oxides of MgO, SnO2, NiO, and CeO2 nanostructured materials. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
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He Y, Liu S, Shen G, Pan M, Cai Y, Yu J. Treatment of engineering waste slurries by microbially induced struvite precipitation mechanisms. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1109265. [PMID: 36741750 PMCID: PMC9895107 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1109265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
With societal development, the growing scale of engineering construction, and the increase in environmental protection requirements, the necessity of engineering waste mud disposal is becoming increasingly prominent. In this study, microbially induced struvite precipitation (MISP) was introduced to treat engineering waste mud. The study mainly focused on: i) the optimal mineralization scheme for microbially induced struvite precipitation, ii) the feasibility of the process and the effect of reaction parameters on treating engineering waste mud with microbially induced struvite precipitation, and iii) the mechanism of microbially induced struvite precipitation in treating engineering waste mud. The results showed that the waste mud could be well treated with 8.36 × 10 6 c e l l ⋅ m L - 1 bacteria, 10 mM urea, 20 mM phosphate buffer, and 25 mM M g C l 2 at pH 7. The kaolin suspension could be effectively flocculated. The flocculation rate reached approximately 87.2% under the optimum mineralization conditions. The flocculation effect was mainly affected by the concentrations of reactants and heavy metals and the suspension pH. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed a strong struvite (MAP) diffraction peak. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated that under the optimal mineralization conditions, the crystals were large and showed prismatic shapes tilted at both ends with adhered kaolin particles. In summary, this manuscript provides an effective way to treat engineering waste mud, and the findings should have a positive effect on enhancing soil fertility and preventing secondary pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan He
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China,*Correspondence: Shiyu Liu,
| | - Gangqiang Shen
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Muzhi Pan
- Fujian Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Bureau Company Limited, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Cai
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jin Yu
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
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Company E, Farrés M, Colprim J, Magrí A. Exploring the recovery of potassium-rich struvite after a nitrification-denitrification process in pig slurry treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157574. [PMID: 35882320 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The integration of biological nitrogen (N) removal with struvite-type material recovery, which contained phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), was proved to be technically feasible in pig slurry treatment. Phosphate (PO4) salts were precipitated by raising the pH-value, using denitrified effluent and waste sludge purged from the bioreactor. When P was limiting, the unbalanced composition of the denitrified effluent resulted in low K-removal efficiency from the liquid phase; 10 % maximum when the initial pH-value was adjusted to 11.5 (93 % PO4-P recovery). By processing the waste sludge in two steps, using first ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as an acidifier to release PO4 while preventing calcium interference, the K-removal efficiency reached 25 % (75 % PO4-P recovery). When K was limiting, the addition of newberyite particles resulted in the highest K-removal efficiency, up to 90 % (under online pH control to 10.5). Overall, new opportunities are envisaged for producing second-generation fertilizers potentially containing 0-1 % N, 11-17 % P and 6-8 % K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Company
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Moisès Farrés
- Granges Terragrisa SL, Paratge de La Gleva, Camí de Burrissola s/n, E-08508 Les Masies de Voltregà (Barcelona), Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Jesús Colprim
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Albert Magrí
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Lu Z, Zhang K, Liu F, Gao X, Zhai Z, Li J, Du L. Simultaneous recovery of ammonium and phosphate from aqueous solutions using Mg/Fe modified NaY zeolite: Integration between adsorption and struvite precipitation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Sudibyo H, Pecchi M, Harwood H, Khare M, Karunwi S, Tan G, Tester JW. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Struvite Crystallization from Hydrothermal Liquefaction Aqueous-Phase Considering Hydroxyapatite and Organics Coprecipitation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanifrahmawan Sudibyo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Energy Systems Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Matteo Pecchi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Energy Systems Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Henry Harwood
- Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Monona Khare
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samuel Karunwi
- Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gabrielle Tan
- Biological & Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jefferson William Tester
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Energy Systems Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Lucero-Sorbazo D, Beltrán-Villavicencio M, González-Aragón A, Vázquez-Morillas A. Recycling of nutrients from landfill leachate: A case study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09540. [PMID: 35663733 PMCID: PMC9156885 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous increase in the consumption of natural resources requires different solutions directed to the recovery and recycling of different materials and products, including the nutrients used as fertilizers for food production. In this context, this research assessed the feasibility of using landfill leachate as a source of nutrients for the growth of maize. Leachate was treated to precipitate struvite, a rich magnesium, phosphate, and ammonium mineral that can be applied directly as fertilizer. It was used for the growth of maize, which was sowed in three different parcels. A commercial DAP + urea mixture was used to compare, and non-fertilized parcels were used as controls. Struvite was successfully obtained and applied in the fields. A marginal higher maize yield was achieved in two sites when using struvite (6.36% and 2.16%) compared to the commercial fertilizer, even if it was applied in a lower dose to weather conditions. An increase in N and Mg in soil could be observed, which allowed for the assimilation of nutrients in the plants. Concerning safety, the use of struvite did not produce the transfer of heavy metals or pathogens to the soil or plants. This research shows a promising way of dealing with leachate, which could be attractive in countries where organic waste is buried in landfills. Landfill leachate can be used as a source of nutrients for the grow of maize by precipitation of struvite. A field trial in real scale was performed. A marginal higher maize yield was achieved in two of the sites (6.36% and 2.16%) when compared to the commercial fertilizer. Struvite did not cause presence of pathogens or heavy metals in the crops. It offers an alternative to conventional leachate treatment options, aligned with the principles of the circular economy.
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Zhang Z, Li B, Wicaksana F, Yu W, Young B. Effect of saline water ionic strength on phosphorus recovery from synthetic swine wastewater. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 113:81-91. [PMID: 34963552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Declining worldwide phosphate rock reserves has driven a growing interest in exploration of alternative phosphate supplies. This study involved phosphorus recovery from swine wastewater through precipitation of struvite, a valuable slow-release fertiliser. The economic feasibility of this process is highly dependent on the cost of magnesium source. Two different magnesium sources were used for phosphorus recovery: pure magnesium chloride and nanofiltration (NF) saline water retentate. The paper focuses on the impact of ionic strength on phosphorus recovery performance that has not been reported elsewhere. Experimental design with five numerical variables (Mg/P molar ratio, pH, PO43--P, NH4+-N, and Ca2+ levels) and one categorical variable (type of magnesium source) was used to evaluate the effect of ionic strength on phosphorus removal and struvite purity. The experimental data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Results indicated that a magnesium source obtained from NF retentate was as effective as MgCl2 for struvite precipitation. It was also revealed that ionic strength had a more positive effect on struvite purity than on phosphorus removal. Within the range of parameters studied in this research, high ionic strength, high pH and wastewater with high phosphate, high ammonium and low calcium contents were found to be the most favourable conditions for struvite precipitation. Findings from this study will be beneficial to determine the feasibility of using high ionic strength saline water, such as NF seawater retentate, as a magnesium source for phosphorus recovery from wastewater that is rich in ammonium-nitrogen and phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Filicia Wicaksana
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Brent Young
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Chen Y, Long J, Chen S, Xie Y, Xu Z, Ning Z, Zhang G, Xiao T, Yu M, Ke Y, Peng L, Li H. Multi-step purification of electrolytic manganese residue leachate using hydroxide sedimentation, struvite precipitation, chlorination and coagulation: Advanced removal of manganese, ammonium, and phosphate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150237. [PMID: 34818805 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution caused by the release of manganese (Mn2+) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) from electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) generated from industrial activities poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. In this study, an integrated process consisting sequentially of hydroxide sedimentation, struvite precipitation, breakpoint chlorination, and ferric chloride coagulation was optimized to remove Mn2+ and NH4+-N from EMR leachate, and to address the issue of residual orthophosphate caused by struvite precipitation. The precipitates were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analyses. Results show that Mn2+ ions and the resulting chemical oxygen demand (COD) were mainly removed using hydroxide precipitation at a sedimentation pH of 10.2, with poor-crystalline manganese hydroxide as the main precipitate. NH4+-N was primarily removed and recovered using struvite precipitation with well crystalline struvite as the main product, and then further eliminated using breakpoint chlorination. The residual orthophosphate introduced by struvite precipitation is successfully removed with ferric coagulation, and the effluent pH (7.5) is also lowered to discharge limits by means of hydrolysis of ferric coagulant. The concentration of COD, Mn2+, NH4+-N, and orthophosphate concentrations in the final effluent were 30.52 ± 9.38, 0.026 ± 0.013, 0.87 ± 0.01, and 0.06 ± 0.002 mg/L, respectively, meeting all local discharge standards. This combined process has robust pollutant removal efficiency, high resource recovery potential and few environmental constraints; thus, it is recommended as a potential solution for the treatment of Mn2+- and NH4+-N-rich acid mine drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxuan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianyou Long
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sihao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Resource Utilization, Shaoguan 512026, China
| | - Zhengfan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Resource Utilization, Shaoguan 512026, China
| | - Zengping Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Gaosheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingxia Yu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanyang Ke
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lihu Peng
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huosheng Li
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Nutrients Recovery from Dairy Wastewater by Struvite Precipitation Combined with Ammonium Sorption on Clinoptilolite. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14195822. [PMID: 34640218 PMCID: PMC8510139 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Struvite precipitation from Wastewater involves an excess of ammonium to create a supersaturated initial solution. The remaining fraction can be a threat to the environment. This work combined struvite precipitation and ammonium sorption using natural zeolite to decrease the ammonium level in the effluent. Two approaches of estimation of feed sample doses were used. One consisted of gradient experiments for ammonium precipitation to the asymptotic level and was combined with clinoptilolite to lower the ammonium level in the effluent. This approach used doses of 0.05:1.51:0.61:1 of Ca:Mg:NH4+:PO43− mole ratios, respectively. In contrast, three level design with narrowed NH4+:PO43− range reached 0.25:1.51:0.8:1 for Ca:Mg:NH4+:PO43− mole ratios. The addition of zeolite decreased effluent ammonium concentration. In both ways, the P and N recoveries were higher than 94% and 72%, respectively. The complexity of the precipitation mixture decreased the ammonium sorption capacity (Qe) of clinoptilolite from Qe of 0.52 to 0.10 meq∙g−1 in single and complex solutions, respectively. Thermodynamically, the addition of 1.5 % of clinoptilolite changed the struvite precipitation spontaneity from ∆G of −5.87 to −5.42 kJ·mol−1 and from 9.66 to 9.56 kJ·mol−1 for gradient and three level experimental procedures, respectively. Thus, clinoptilolite demonstrated a positive effect on the struvite precipitation process and its environmental impact.
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Shi Q, Zhang H, Shahab A, Zeng H, Zeng H, Bacha AUR, Nabi I, Siddique J, Ullah H. Efficient performance of magnesium oxide loaded biochar for the significant removal of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ from aqueous solution. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112426. [PMID: 34166940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are considered as a typical heavy metals in aqueous solution, which may pose adverse health effects on human beings. For the removal of these two pollutants, magnesium oxide (MgO) was successfully immobilized onto eucalyptus biochar (BC) matrix via simple and cost-effective pyrolysis process of MgCl2-pretreated eucalyptus biomass under high temperature (500 °C). Synthesized MgO nanoparticles-biochar composites (MBC) exhibited superior removal performance for target pollutants, and achieve 99.9% removal efficiency for Pb(II) and Cd(II) at optimum conditions (0.02 g, pH in range of 4-7, and reaction time 120, 240 min). Furthermore, the maximum theoretical adsorbing amount of MBC was 829.11 mg/g for Pb(II) and 515.17 mg/g for Cd(II). Pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir models were well-determined for isotherm and adsorption kinetics. FTIR, XRD, and XPS analysis revealed that precipitation and ion exchange was of great importance for the removal of contaminants. Besides, cation-π interaction and complexation from the carbon-containing functional groups should not be neglected. Considering the advantage of low-cost, facile preparation, and brilliant adsorption capacity, it is anticipated that MBC has a promising prospect for the broad application in Pb(II)/Cd(II)-containing wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Shi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst, Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Asfandyar Shahab
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Honghu Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Huiting Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Aziz-Ur-Rahim Bacha
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Iqra Nabi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jamil Siddique
- Department of the Earth Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Habib Ullah
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Corona F, Hidalgo D, Martín-Marroquín JM, Meers E. Study of pig manure digestate pre-treatment for subsequent valorisation by struvite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:24731-24743. [PMID: 33010012 PMCID: PMC9132833 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluates the release of phosphorus contained in the digestate from the anaerobic digestion of pig manure, through an acidification process. The objective of this acidification is to increase the amount of phosphorus available in the digestate liquid fraction and, subsequently, recover this element by chemical precipitation in the form of struvite or calcium phosphate. Two digestate samples (one fresh and one old) were studied and treated by adding various amounts of sulphuric acid to the different digestate fractions (raw digestate, solid fraction and liquid fraction). For the raw digestate, phosphorus releases higher than 95% were obtained for pH 4.0. In the last part of the experiment, the influence of acid pre-treatment on the reaction yield of phosphorus precipitation, in the form of struvite or calcium phosphate, was determined. Improvements in reaction yield were obtained up to 15% for struvite and 80% for calcium phosphate, increasing also in 7.5 times the amount of phosphorus available in the digestate liquid fraction, for both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Corona
- CARTIF Centro Tecnológico, 47151, Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain
- ITAP Institute, University of Valladolid, 47010, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Dolores Hidalgo
- CARTIF Centro Tecnológico, 47151, Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain.
- ITAP Institute, University of Valladolid, 47010, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Jesús María Martín-Marroquín
- CARTIF Centro Tecnológico, 47151, Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain
- ITAP Institute, University of Valladolid, 47010, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Erik Meers
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Development of a Self-Sustaining Wastewater Treatment with Phosphorus Recovery for Small Rural Settlements. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13031363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Global trends such as climate change and the scarcity of sustainable raw materials require adaptive, more flexible and resource-saving wastewater infrastructures for rural areas. Since 2018, in the community Reinighof, an isolated site in the countryside of Rhineland Palatinate (Germany), an autarkic, decentralized wastewater treatment and phosphorus recovery concept has been developed, implemented and tested. While feces are composted, an easy-to-operate system for producing struvite as a mineral fertilizer was developed and installed to recover phosphorus from urine. The nitrogen-containing supernatant of this process stage is treated in a special soil filter and afterwards discharged to a constructed wetland for grey water treatment, followed by an evaporation pond. To recover more than 90% of the phosphorus contained in the urine, the influence of the magnesium source, the dosing strategy, the molar ratio of Mg:P and the reaction and sedimentation time were investigated. The results show that, with a long reaction time of 1.5 h and a molar ratio of Mg:P above 1.3, constraints concerning magnesium source can be overcome and a stable process can be achieved even under varying boundary conditions. Within the special soil filter, the high ammonium nitrogen concentrations of over 3000 mg/L in the supernatant of the struvite reactor were considerably reduced. In the effluent of the following constructed wetland for grey water treatment, the ammonium-nitrogen concentrations were below 1 mg/L. This resource efficient decentralized wastewater treatment is self-sufficient, produces valuable fertilizer and does not need a centralized wastewater system as back up. It has high potential to be transferred to other rural communities.
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Ye X, Chen M, Wang W, Shen J, Wu J, Huang W, Xiao L, Lin X, Ye ZL, Chen S. Dissolving the high-cost with acidity: A happy encounter between fluidized struvite crystallization and wastewater from activated carbon manufacture. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116521. [PMID: 33099265 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Production of wood-based activated carbon (WAC) generates large volume of highly acidic and phosphate-rich wastewater. Currently, the routine treatment (i.e. lime precipitation) creates significant secondary pollution, leading to extra economic and environmental burdens. Here, by exploiting the strong acidity of WAC wastewater, we successfully demonstrate fluidized struvite crystallization as a low-cost treatment alternative. Based on a 12 m3/d on-site pilot-scale system, four different fluidized struvite crystallization scenarios are evaluated from technical, economic, and environmental perspectives. The results show that using MgO with MgCl2 supplement saves 42.8% of the reagent cost when treating phosphate-rich wastewater (i.e. P = 3125.2 mg/L), and also maintains ideal P removal rate and struvite product purity. Meanwhile, the internal circulation mode exhibits higher P recovery (99.2%) than the external mode (55.3%-89.3%), while also demonstrates superior economic and environmental benefit because of less chemical consumption. In addition, the struvite morphology can be turned between pellets with strong crushing strength (external mode) to powder (internal mode). By Life cycle cost (LCC) analysis, we find that, on a treatment scale of 500 m3/d, struvite-based technology saves up to 31.33 million Chinese Yuan (CYN) during a 20-year lifespan, with relative payback period of 2.60 year. The technical, economic, and environmental assessments confirm that the struvite technology is a promising alternative in solving the bottleneck of WAC wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Minquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Junhuang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Junbin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lishan Xiao
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Xiangyu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhi-Long Ye
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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16
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Cydzik-Kwiatkowska A, Nosek D. Biological release of phosphorus is more efficient from activated than from aerobic granular sludge. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11076. [PMID: 32632171 PMCID: PMC7338368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sewage sludge is a rich source of phosphorus. The kinetics of orthophosphate release and the efficiency of phosphorus recovery from aerobic granular sludge (GS) and activated sludge (AS) were compared at external organics (F) to biomass (M) ratios that ranged from 0 to 0.10. Changes in the F/M ratio affected orthophosphates release from AS to a greater extent than their release from GS. On average, increasing the F/M ratio by 0.02 increased the rate of phosphorus release from AS and GS by 2.12 and 1.75 mg P/(L h), respectively. Phosphorus release was highest at an F/M ratio of 0.04 (114.03 and 60.71 mg P/L from AS and GS, respectively). The efficiency of phosphorus recovery from AS ranged from 51.3 to 56.1%; the efficiency of its recovery from GS ranged from 32.8 to 37.5%. From GS, mostly inorganic phosphorus was released (about 8.5 mg/g MLSS), most of which was NAIP, i.e. phosphorus bound to Fe, Mn and Al. At a stoichiometric dose of MgO to PO43−, the precipitation efficiency was 30.13% ± 4.51 with uncontrolled pH and reached 81.73% ± 0.17 at a controlled pH of 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Cydzik-Kwiatkowska
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45 G, 10-709, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dawid Nosek
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45 G, 10-709, Olsztyn, Poland.
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17
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Park N, Chang H, Jang Y, Lim H, Jung J, Kim W. Critical conditions of struvite growth and recovery using MgO in pilot scale crystallization plant. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:2511-2521. [PMID: 32857739 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The struvite crystallization process can recover struvite crystals as a valuable slow-release fertilizer from the side stream of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the crystal growth characteristics and determine the appropriate recovery criteria for a struvite crystallization pilot plant. A pilot plant (8.6 m3/d) was designed with a feeding system of MgO (magnesium oxide), a pH controller, and a hydrocyclone for recovering struvite; the plant was operated for 42 hours at a pH range of 8.25-8.5. The removal efficiencies for PO4-P and NH4-N were 82.5-90.7% and 13.4-22.9%, respectively. The struvite recovered from the hydrocyclone was sifted using standard sieves and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The dry weight fraction of the precipitate in the 300-600 μm range increased gradually from 7% to 74% in 18 hours. The XRD analysis revealed that the crystalline structure of the precipitate in the 150-600 μm range indicates struvite without any peaks of MgO, Mg(OH)2, and MgCO3. This indicates that the critical conditions for recovering struvite from the side-stream of WWTPs are an operation period of 18 hours and a crystal size greater than 300 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nari Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology, KICT school, 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10223, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyangyoun Chang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology, KICT school, 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10223, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoju Jang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology, KICT school, 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10223, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunman Lim
- Department of Land, Water, and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10223, Republic of Korea E-mail:
| | - Jinhong Jung
- Department of Land, Water, and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10223, Republic of Korea E-mail:
| | - Weonjae Kim
- Department of Land, Water, and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283, Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10223, Republic of Korea E-mail:
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Hanif M, Yasmeen K, Muhammad H, Shah F, Hussain S, Atta-ur-Rehman, Masab M, Ali ST, Tahiri IA. A Wide Bandgap Ag/MgO@Fe3O4 Nanocomposite as Magnetic Sorbent for Cd(II) in Water Samples. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666191205102628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The magnetic nanocomposites are very important as a reusable sorbents for
the extraction of Cd(II) and other toxic metals from water samples.
Methods:
The Ag/MgO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite was synthesized by the coprecipitation method and
characterized by the XRD, EDX, SEM, UV-vis spectroscopy and FTIR. This nanocomposite was
used to extract Cd(II) from water samples prior to its quantitative analysis with FAAS. Different variables,
i.e. pH, temperature, amount of nanosorbent, adsorption/desorption and dilution were optimized.
Results:
The method was successfully applied to determine Cd(II) in real water samples with
excellent recoveries (98%). The present method has lower detection (0.29) and quantification limit
(0.97 ng mL-1).
Conclusions:
The Ag/MgO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite based magnetic extraction is a simple, fast, reproducible,
less expansive and efficient technique for the Cd(II) extraction in water samples. The developed
sorbent can be recycled and reused (20 times).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muddasir Hanif
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Kousar Yasmeen
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi- 75300, Pakistan
| | - Haji Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi- 75300, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Shah
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060-Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi- 75300, Pakistan
| | - Atta-ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi- 75300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Masab
- Department of Chemistry, Government Degree College Hangu, Hangu District, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tahir Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi- 75300, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad Tahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi- 75300, Pakistan
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19
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Pinatha Y, Polprasert C, Englande AJ. Product and cost perspectives of phosphorus recovery from human urine using solid waste ash and sea salt addition - A case of Thailand. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136514. [PMID: 31951836 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) recovery from human urine was evaluated using the addition of MgCl2, sea salt and solid-waste (SW) incinerated ashes. The study objectives were to assess and compare their efficiency for P recovery, costs of chemicals added and relevant crystal characteristics. Results from the experiments conducted between pH range of 7-11 revealed that P precipitation efficiency was increased to 89-97% and 72-88% when MgCl2 and sea salt were added, respectively. Precipitates obtained from both cases were found to contain 10.8-17.1% P dry weight which is superior to commercial fertilizer (8.80% P). Based on SEM-EDS examination and chemical equilibrium thermodynamics, about 83% and 68% of precipitates were in the form of struvite for the addition of MgCl2 and sea salt, respectively. Although 18% less struvite was formed with sea salt added, cost was found to be reduced from 4.07 USD·(kg P)-1 for MgCl2 addition to 2.91 USD·(kg P)-1 using sea salt addition, representing a 28% cost reduction. Furthermore, SW ashes added into the urine increased P recovery efficiency about 6-17%. Addition also lowered the costs to 1.75 and 1.68 USD·(kg P)-1 for SW fly ash and bottom ash, respectively. Thus, ash addition reduced cost and provided an alternative to landfill disposal. However, addition of SW bottom ash might result in recovered P solids with lead concentration exceeding the EC limit for inorganic fertilizer. In summary, results of this study have demonstrated a pragmatic way to recover P from human urine with the use of sea salt and ash as alternative Mg source and seed. Results indicate that this practice not only produces a good-quality fertilizer as struvite for sustainable P management, but also helps protect the water environment, and support circular economy of P in human ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yada Pinatha
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Rajvithee Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chongchin Polprasert
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Rajvithee Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Andrew J Englande
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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20
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Huang R, Lin Q, Zhong Q, Zhang X, Wen X, Luo H. Removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution by modified attapulgite clay. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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21
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Zangarini S, Pepè Sciarria T, Tambone F, Adani F. Phosphorus removal from livestock effluents: recent technologies and new perspectives on low-cost strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:5730-5743. [PMID: 31919818 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is an essential element in the food production chain, even though it is a non-renewable and limited natural resource, which is going to run out soon. However, it is also a pollutant if massively introduced into soil and water ecosystems. This study focuses on the current alternative low-cost technologies for phosphorus recovery from livestock effluents. Recovering phosphorus from these wastewaters is considered a big challenge due to the high phosphorus concentration (between 478 and 1756 mg L-1) and solids content (> 2-6% of total solids). In particular, the methods discussed in this study are (i) magnesium-based crystallization (struvite synthesis), (ii) calcium-based crystallization, (iii) electrocoagulation and (iv) biochar production, which differ among them for some advantages and disadvantages. According to the data collected, struvite crystallization achieves the highest phosphorus removal (> 95%), even when combined with the use of seawater bittern (a by-product of sea salt processing) instead of magnesium chloride pure salt as the magnesium source. Moreover, the crystallizer technology used for struvite precipitation has already been tested in wastewater treatment plants, and data reported in this review showed the feasibility of this technology for use with high total solids (> 5%) livestock manure. Furthermore, economic and energetic analyses here reported show that struvite crystallization is the most practicable among the low-cost phosphorus recovery technologies for treating livestock effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zangarini
- Gruppo Ricicla, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Tommy Pepè Sciarria
- Gruppo Ricicla, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Fulvia Tambone
- Gruppo Ricicla, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Adani
- Gruppo Ricicla, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
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22
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Song P, Zhang Z, Yu L, Wang P, Wang Q, Chen Y. An ionic covalent organic polymer toward highly selective removal of anionic organic dyes in aqueous solution. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01132k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel ionic COP was prepared for the highly selective removal of anionic organic dyes in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
| | - Zonglian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
| | - Li Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
| | - Pei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
| | - Yalun Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
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23
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Mavhungu A, Mbaya R, Masindi V, Foteinis S, Muedi KL, Kortidis I, Chatzisymeon E. Wastewater treatment valorisation by simultaneously removing and recovering phosphate and ammonia from municipal effluents using a mechano-thermo activated magnesite technology. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109493. [PMID: 31521924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate and nitrate enrichment largely impair aquatic ecosystem functions and services, thus comprising an emerging problem of environmental concern. The problem pertains to developing countries where their discharge to surface water is on the rise due to a rapid growth in population. Herein, these pollutants (phosphate and ammonia) were removed from real municipal wastewater using a simple, fast, and cost-effective process. Raw cryptocrystalline magnesite, a mineral abundant in South Africa, was simply milled and calcined (mechano-thermo processing) in order to produce the activated magnesite (feed). The feed was then used in batch processing for pollutants adsorption and precipitation from real wastewater. The process was optimised by varying the treatment or contact time, feed dosage, concentration, pH, and temperature. The feed and product mineral (produced sludge) were characterised using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) compatible with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR). It was identified that the optimal conditions differed for each pollutant, highlighting the importance of tailoring the process to fit the local wastewater characteristics and as part of a treatment train system. Specifically, maximum P removal was achieved after 5 min of mixing, using 1 g L-1 of feed, 123 mg L-1 initial phosphate concentration, pH 8 - 10, and was not affected by temperature variations; whereas, for ammonia removal, optimal conditions were 180 min, 16 g L-1 feed dosage, 80 mg L-1 initial concentration, pH 10 and temperature > 45 °C. The optimal conditions for the removal of both pollutants from real wastewater were 30 min, 6 g L-1 dosage, and ambient temperature and pH. Furthermore, Mg and Ca concentration was found to influence the process. Reduction in total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) suggest an attenuation of chemical species. Characterisation revealed that the product mineral obtained under the optimal conditions for pollutants removal is rich in quartz, periclase, brucite, calcite, magnesite, and struvite. This was further supported by the FTIR results, which indicated the presence of Mg-O, PO43-, N-H and OH stretches. In addition, the EDS verified the presence of Mg, Ca and P in product mineral. Results are suggestive of the high efficiency of the mechano-thermo activated magnesite treatment process for phosphate and ammonia removal and struvite crystallization. Thus, this technology could valorise municipal wastewater effluents and open new horizons for the effective and sustainable management of wastewater effluents, since struvite can replace the mined phosphate fertilizers, which are rapidly depleting, in the agriculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mavhungu
- Department of Chemical, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Staatsartillirie Rd, Pretoria West 0183, Tshwane, University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - R Mbaya
- Department of Chemical, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Staatsartillirie Rd, Pretoria West 0183, Tshwane, University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - V Masindi
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Built Environment (BE), Hydraulic Infrastructure Engineering (HIE), P.O Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), P. O. Box 392, Florida, 1710, South Africa
| | - S Foteinis
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Built Environment (BE), Hydraulic Infrastructure Engineering (HIE), P.O Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
| | - K L Muedi
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Built Environment (BE), Hydraulic Infrastructure Engineering (HIE), P.O Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - I Kortidis
- Department of Physics and Engineering, University of Zululand, Kwadlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - E Chatzisymeon
- School of Engineering, Institute for Infrastructure and Environment, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, United Kingdom
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24
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Wang Z, Zhang J, Guan X, She L, Xiang P, Xia S, Zhang Z. Bioelectrochemical acidolysis of magnesia to induce struvite crystallization for recovering phosphorus from aqueous solution. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 85:119-128. [PMID: 31471018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel struvite crystallization method induced by bioelectrochemical acidolysis of magnesia (MgO) was investigated to recover phosphorus (P) from aqueous solution using a dual-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (DMEC). Magnesium ion (Mg2+) in the anolyte was firstly confirmed to automatically migrate from the anode chamber to the cathode chamber, and then react with ammonium (NH4+) and phosphate (PO43-) in the catholyte to form struvite. Recovery efficiency of 17.8%-60.2% was obtained with the various N/P ratios in the catholyte. When MgO (low solubility under alkali conditions) was added into the anolyte, the bioelectrochemical acidolysis of MgO naturally took place and the released Mg2+ induced struvite crystallization in the cathode chamber for P recovery likewise. Besides, there was a strong linear positive correlation between the recovery efficiency and the MgO dosage (R2 = 0.935), applied voltage (R2 = 0.969) and N/P ratio (R2 = 0.905). Increasing the applied voltage was found to enhance the P recovery via promoting the MgO acidolysis and the released Mg2+ migration, while increasing the N/P ratio in the catholyte enhanced the P recovery via promoting the struvite crystallization. Moreover, the electrochemical performance of the system was promoted due to more stable anolyte pH and lower pH gradient between the two chambers. Current density was promoted by 10%, while the COD removal efficiency was improved from 78.2% to 91.8% in the anode chamber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuobin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai 200432, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lu She
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Pengyu Xiang
- Zhejiang Weiming Environment Protection Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Siqing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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25
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Kumari S, Jose S, Jagadevan S. Optimization of phosphate recovery as struvite from synthetic distillery wastewater using a chemical equilibrium model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:30452-30462. [PMID: 31444717 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the feasibility of recovery of phosphorus via struvite precipitation from a synthetic anaerobically treated distillery spent wash by optimizing the process using a chemical equilibrium model, namely Visual MINTEQ. Process parameters such as Mg2+, [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] ion concentrations and pH were used as inputs into the model. Increasing the molar ratio of [Formula: see text] from 0.8:1 to 1.6:1 at pH 9 led to an increase in phosphate recovery from 88.2 to 99.5%. The model and experimental results were in good agreement in terms of phosphate recovery, indicating that the Visual MINTEQ model can be used to pre-determine the process parameters for struvite synthesis. Increasing the concentration of calcium ion adversely affected the synthesis and purity of struvite, whereas the presence of melanoidins had no significant impact. This study demonstrates that phosphorus recovery through struvite precipitation is a sustainable approach to reclaim phosphorus from high-strength industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Kumari
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Sanoj Jose
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Sheeja Jagadevan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
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Tang X, Liu M, Tang Q, Du Z, Bai S, Zhu Y. Effect of ultrasound on the dissolution of magnesium hydroxide: pH-stat and nanoscale observation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 55:223-231. [PMID: 30755389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It has been previously confirmed that the dissolution of magnesium hydroxide was a crucial procedure in its application process. Note that the ultrasound is an effective method for enhancing solid dissolution. In this study, the enhancement of ultrasound on the dissolution of magnesium hydroxide was investigated by the pH-stat method. The titrating results indicated that the promotion effect of ultrasound was only be observed at some certain cases, such as lower pH value. Meanwhile, the activation energy data obtained based on Shrinking Core Model for sonication case ranged from 6.56 to 49.13 kJ/mol, implying that magnesium hydroxide dissolution proceeds at sonication case cannot be explained well by this model. Nanoscale observation was conducted to identify the crystal surface variations during the dissolution process by using SEM and AFM. The analysis results indicated that the dissolution behaviors of magnesium hydroxide in the absence and presence of ultrasound were quite different. In the silent case, the dissolution followed the famous Stepwave model. As for the sonication case, the larger particle was broken into flake by the ultrasound firstly. Then, the heterogeneous global dissolution accompanied by the Stepwave model drove the dissolution process. The analysis results of nanoscale observation provided a reasonable explain for the kinetics research results on micro-level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Tang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation, Dalian Maritime University, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Institute of Environmental Remediation, Dalian Maritime University, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation, Dalian Maritime University, China
| | - Zhongyuan Du
- Institute of Environmental Remediation, Dalian Maritime University, China
| | - Subei Bai
- Institute of Environmental Remediation, Dalian Maritime University, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Remediation, Dalian Maritime University, China.
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Wang H, Wang X, Zhao J. Application of MgO-modified palygorskite for nutrient recovery from swine wastewater: effect of pH, ions, and organic acids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:19729-19737. [PMID: 31090002 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05254-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, MgO-modified palygorskite (MgO-PAL) was used for simultaneous recovery of ammonia nitrogen (AN) and phosphate, and the effects of pH, ions, and organic acids on nutrient recovery were investigated. The highest removal amount of AN and phosphate separately reached 42.6 mg/g and 69.8 mg/g at pH of 9.0, 0.6 g/L dosage of modified palygorskite, and 180 min of the reaction time. MgO-PAL provided a wide range of pH (3-9) for nutrient removal. Mg released concentration was tested to investigate the removal mechanisms. The individual presence of four cations (K+, Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+) showed negative effect on AN removal at different mass concentrations. However, those cations, except Na+, exhibited positive influence on phosphate removal. Compared with SO42-, CO32-showed more negative effect on nutrient removal due to the reaction between Mg2+ and CO32-. The results showed that the nutrient removal amount and the morphology and composition of collected products were not affected in the presence of acetic acid. Citric acid, humic acid, and fulvic acid displayed the inhibition effects on the morphology of the crystallized products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Guangdong Guangye Environmental Protection Industry Group Company Limited, Guangye Institute of Environmental Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, 510030, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
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Shu J, Wu H, Chen M, Wei L, Wang B, Li B, Liu R, Liu Z. Simultaneous optimizing removal of manganese and ammonia nitrogen from electrolytic metal manganese residue leachate using chemical equilibrium model. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:273-280. [PMID: 30716661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrolytic metal manganese residue leachate (EMMRL) was produced from long-term deposition of electrolytic metal manganese residue. EMMRL contains huge amount of manganese and ammonia nitrogen which could seriously damage the ecological environment. In this study, a chemical equilibrium model-Visual MINTEQ was used to simultaneously optimize removal of manganese and ammonia nitrogen from EMMRL with chemical precipitation methods. In the laboratory experiment, the effect of different N: P ratios and pH were investigated, and the characterization of the precipitates was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that over 99.9% manganese and 96.2% ammonia nitrogen were simultaneously removed, respectively, when molar ratio of N:P was 1:1.15 at pH 9.5. Moreover, the experimental results corresponded well with the model outputs with respect to ammonia nitrogen and manganese removal. Manganese was mainly removed in the form of MnHPO4·3H2O and manganite, and ammonia nitrogen was mainly removed in the form of struvite. Economic evaluation indicated the chemical precipitation methods can be applied in the factory when the price of precipitation was higher than 0.295 $/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle (SWUST), Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Haiping Wu
- Sichuan Jiuzhou Technician College, 9 Ninesheng Road, Mianyang 621099, China
| | - Mengjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle (SWUST), Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Liang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle (SWUST), Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle (SWUST), Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Renlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zuohua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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29
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Cao L, Wang J, Xiang S, Huang Z, Ruan R, Liu Y. Nutrient removal from digested swine wastewater by combining ammonia stripping with struvite precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:6725-6734. [PMID: 30632036 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04153-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Typical biological processing is often challenging for removing ammonia nitrogen and phosphate from swine wastewater due to inhibition of high ammonia on activity of microorganisms, exhaustion of time, and low efficiency. In this study, a physicochemical process by combining ammonia stripping with struvite precipitation has been tested to simultaneously remove ammonia nitrogen, phosphate, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from digested swine wastewater (DSW) with high efficiency, low cost, and environmental friendliness. The pH, temperature, and magnesium content of DSW are the key factors for ammonia removal and phosphate recovery through combining stripping with struvite precipitation. MgO was used as the struvite precipitant for NH4+ and PO43- and as the pH adjusted for air stripping of residual ammonia under the condition of 40 °C and 0.48 m3 h-1 L-1 aeration rate for 3 h. The results showed that the removal efficiency of ammonia, total phosphate, and COD from DSW significantly increased with increase of MgO dosage due to synergistic action of ammonia stripping and struvite precipitation. Considering the processing cost and national discharge standard for DSW, 0.75 g L-1 MgO dosage was recommended using the combining technology for nutrient removal from DSW. In addition, 88.03% NH4+-N and 96.07% TP could be recovered from DSW by adsorption of phosphoric acid and precipitation of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP). The combined technology could effectively remove and recover the nutrients from DSW to achieve environmental protection and sustainable and renewable resource of DSW. An economic analysis showed that the combining technology for nutrient removal from DSW was feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leipeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Shuyu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Zhenghua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Roger Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55112, USA
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China.
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Shukla K, Srivastava VC. Efficient Synthesis of Diethyl Carbonate from Propylene Carbonate and Ethanol Using Mg–La Catalysts: Characterization, Parametric, and Thermodynamic Analysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kartikeya Shukla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Vimal Chandra Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
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31
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Ge L, Wang W, Peng Z, Tan F, Wang X, Chen J, Qiao X. Facile fabrication of Fe@MgO magnetic nanocomposites for efficient removal of heavy metal ion and dye from water. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Escalante H, Castro L, Amaya MP, Jaimes L, Jaimes-Estévez J. Anaerobic digestion of cheese whey: Energetic and nutritional potential for the dairy sector in developing countries. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 71:711-718. [PMID: 29017872 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cheese whey (CW) is the main waste generated in the cheesemaking process and has high organic matter content and acidity. Therefore, CW disposal is a challenge for small to medium enterprises (SMEs) in the dairy industry that do not have any type of treatment plant. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an attractive process for solving this problem. The aim of this research was to determine the biomethane and struvite precipitation potentials of CW from four dairy SMEs. First, changes in CW properties (organic matter and pH) were evaluated. Second, biomethane and struvite potentials were assessed using cattle slurry as inoculum. The organic matter in CW varied from 40 to 65gVS/kg, 65 to 140g COD/L, and 2 to 10g/L for VFAs depending on the sampling time and type of sample. The pH of the CW samples ranged from 3 to 6.5. In the anaerobic biodegradability analysis, methane yields reached 0.51 to 0.60L CH4/g VSadded, which represented electrical and caloric potentials of 54 and 108kWh/m3 for CW, respectively. Organic matter removal in all experiments was above 83%. Moreover, anaerobic digestates presented NH4+/PO43- molar ratios between 2.6 and 4.0, which are adequate for struvite precipitation with potential production of 8.5-10.4g struvite/L CW. Finally, the use of biogas as energetic supplement and struvite as soil fertilizer, represents economics saves of US$ 6.91/m3 CW and US$ 5.75/m3 CW in therms of electricity and fertilizer use, respectively. The energetic, agricultural and economic potentials, evidence that AD process is a feasible alternative for cheese whey treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Escalante
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de Valorización de Residuos y Fuentes Agrícolas e Industriales para la Sustentabilidad Energética (INTERFASE), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - L Castro
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de Valorización de Residuos y Fuentes Agrícolas e Industriales para la Sustentabilidad Energética (INTERFASE), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - M P Amaya
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de Valorización de Residuos y Fuentes Agrícolas e Industriales para la Sustentabilidad Energética (INTERFASE), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - L Jaimes
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de Valorización de Residuos y Fuentes Agrícolas e Industriales para la Sustentabilidad Energética (INTERFASE), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - J Jaimes-Estévez
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de Valorización de Residuos y Fuentes Agrícolas e Industriales para la Sustentabilidad Energética (INTERFASE), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
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33
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Xu F, Khalaf A, Sheets J, Ge X, Keener H, Li Y. Phosphorus Removal and Recovery From Anaerobic Digestion Residues. ADVANCES IN BIOENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aibe.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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34
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Chen L, Zhou CH, Zhang H, Tong DS, Yu WH, Yang HM, Chu MQ. Capture and recycling of ammonium by dolomite-aided struvite precipitation and thermolysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 187:302-310. [PMID: 28858711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The capture and reuse of NH4+ is an ideal solution to treat NH4+-containing wastewater. The capture and reuse process needs to be clean and cost-effective. Currently, however, there are many obstacles, particularly in the availability, cost, and recovery of the chemical sources required. Here, we demonstrate a clean and efficient method to capture and recycle NH4+ by a dolomite-aided struvite precipitation process. Dolomite calcined carefully in CO2 atmosphere was used as a Mg source to react with PO43- (KH2PO4) and NH4+ in model wastewater (2000 mg L-1 NH4+). The precipitation was performed at nMg2+:nNH4+:nPO43- = 1:1:1.2 and pH = 8.0 for 2 h; 89.7% of NH4+ was recovered in the form of struvite precipitate. The competition between K+ and NH4+ in the model wastewater led to the formation of K-struvite (MgKPO4·6H2O) and struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O). The formation of K-struvite resulted in a decrease in the NH4+ removal rate. When struvite was heated at 110 °C for 4 h, the NH4+ release rate from the thermolysis reached 75.7%. Thermolysis readily occurred as an unstable Ca2+-CO32--NH4+ system formed in the mixture of MgNH4PO4·6H2O and CaCO3. The elements Mg and P that were obtained during the struvite precipitation-thermolysis-reprecipitation process can be repeatedly used. After 6 cycles, under the conditions pH = 9.0, nMg2+:nNH4+:nPO43- = 1:1:1 and reaction time of 2 h, up to 78.3% of NH4+ was removed from the model wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Chun Hui Zhou
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals (QYIM), Youhua Township, Qingyang County, 242804, Anhui, China; Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Dong Shen Tong
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Wei Hua Yu
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals (QYIM), Youhua Township, Qingyang County, 242804, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Mao Quan Chu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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35
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Yu R, Ren H, Wu J, Zhang X. A novel treatment processes of struvite with pretreated magnesite as a source of low-cost magnesium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22204-22213. [PMID: 28795378 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
By crystallization process, phosphorus can be recycled from wastewater. However, the reagent cost limits the application of struvite precipitation. Magnesite, as a low-cost magnesium source, can result in a cost savings, while the poor dissolution offset of low-cost reagent. In this study, most of the pyrolysate of magnesite was dissolved by changing the process of reagent addition; the solubility of the pyrolysate was increased at acid wastewater. The removal rate of phosphate by the pyrolysate was higher than that of magnesite, the phosphate removal rate was from 70.2 to 88.2% at 600 °C, 0.5 h to 1200 °C, 3 h. Phosphate removal rate was achieved optimal when calcination temperature was 700 °C at 2 h. By adding the pyrolysate to acid wastewater (pH ≤ 2) before NH4Cl, phosphate removal rate was closed to that of MgCl2 as magnesium source, while magnesite was priced at similar levels to lime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongtai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jingdezhen, 333001, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jichun Wu
- Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xuxiang Zhang
- Yixing Academy of Environmental Protection, Nanjing University, Yixing, 214206, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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36
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Wang H, Wang X, Ma J, Xia P, Zhao J. Removal of cadmium (II) from aqueous solution: A comparative study of raw attapulgite clay and a reusable waste-struvite/attapulgite obtained from nutrient-rich wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 329:66-76. [PMID: 28135656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, raw attapulgite (APT) and a novel adsorbent, struvite/attapulgite (MAP/APT) obtained from nutrient-rich wastewater treated by MgO modified APT, were applied as the absorbent for Cd(II) ion removal from aqueous solution. The two adsorbents were characterized by BET, SEM-EDS, XRD, FT-IR. Raw APT and MAP/APT separately presented the maximum Cd(II) adsorption capacities of 10.38mg/g and 121.14mg/g at pH of 5.45. The Cd(II) adsorption on raw APT and MAP/APT could be well fitted by Freundlich isotherm and Langmuir isotherm, respectively. Pseudo-second order equation was able to properly describe the kinetics of Cd(II) adsorption by raw APT and MAP/APT. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that Cd(II) adsorption onto raw APT and MAP/APT were spontaneous and endothermic. An economic evaluation revealed that the treatment costs of the adsorption process by raw APT and MPA/APT were 0.013 $ per 1000mg Cd and 0.004 $ per 1000mg Cd, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xuejiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Jinxing Ma
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Peng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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37
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Peng C, Chai L, Tang C, Min X, Song Y, Duan C, Yu C. Study on the mechanism of copper-ammonia complex decomposition in struvite formation process and enhanced ammonia and copper removal. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 51:222-233. [PMID: 28115134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals and ammonia are difficult to remove from wastewater, as they easily combine into refractory complexes. The struvite formation method (SFM) was applied for the complex decomposition and simultaneous removal of heavy metal and ammonia. The results indicated that ammonia deprivation by SFM was the key factor leading to the decomposition of the copper-ammonia complex ion. Ammonia was separated from solution as crystalline struvite, and the copper mainly co-precipitated as copper hydroxide together with struvite. Hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction were considered to be the main surface interactions between struvite and copper hydroxide. Hydrogen bonding was concluded to be the key factor leading to the co-precipitation. In addition, incorporation of copper ions into the struvite crystal also occurred during the treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Peng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Liyuan Chai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chongjian Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Xiaobo Min
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yuxia Song
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chengshan Duan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
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Hövelmann J, Putnis CV. In Situ Nanoscale Imaging of Struvite Formation during the Dissolution of Natural Brucite: Implications for Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:13032-13041. [PMID: 27934285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
As phosphorus (P) resources are diminishing, the recovery of this essential nutrient from wastewaters becomes an increasingly interesting option. P-recovery through the controlled crystallization of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O), a potential slow-release fertilizer, is highly attractive, but costly if large amounts of Mg have to be added. In this context, natural Mg-minerals like brucite (Mg(OH)2) could provide more cost-effective Mg-sources compared to high-grade Mg-compounds such as MgCl2. Here we used in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the interactions of ammonium phosphate solutions with brucite (001) cleavage surfaces. Brucite dissolution was strongly enhanced in the presence of H2PO4- ions, most likely due to the formation of negatively charged surface complexes. Simultaneously with brucite dissolution, we directly observed the formation of a new phase that was identified as struvite by Raman spectroscopy. Our results suggest that brucite dissolution and struvite precipitation were coupled at the mineral-fluid interface within a thin fluid boundary layer. An interpretation is proposed where the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of struvite occurs via a particle-mediated process involving the formation of primary nanoparticles, followed by their continuous aggregation, fusion and possible transformation to crystalline struvite. These observations have implications for the feasibility of using brucite in phosphorus recovery processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Hövelmann
- German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Interface Geochemistry, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christine V Putnis
- Institut für Mineralogie, University of Münster , 48149 Münster, Germany
- The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR), Department of Chemistry, Curtin University , Perth 6845, Australia
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Shu J, Liu R, Liu Z, Chen H, Du J, Tao C. Solidification/stabilization of electrolytic manganese residue using phosphate resource and low-grade MgO/CaO. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 317:267-274. [PMID: 27295063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, P-LGMgO (low-grade MgO and NaH2PO4·2H2O), P-CaO (CaO and NaH2PO4·2H2O), and P-MgCa (low-grade MgO, CaO and NaH2PO4·2H2O) were used for the solidification/stabilization (S/S) of electrolytic manganese residue (EMR). Relevant characteristics such as ammonia nitrogen and manganese stabilization behavior, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), probable S/S mechanisms, and EMR leaching test were investigated. The results demonstrate that using P-LGMgO had higher stabilization efficiency than P-CaO and P-MgCa for the S/S of EMR at the same stabilization agent dose. The stabilization efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and manganese in the EMR were 84.0% and 99.9%, respectively, and the UCS of EMR was 5.1MPa using P-LGMgO process after curing for 28 days when the molar ratio of Mg:P was 5:1 and dose of stabilization agent was 12wt%. In this process, ammonia nitrogen was stabilized by struvite (NH4MgPO4·6H2O), and manganese by bermanite (Mn3(PO4)2(OH)2·4H2O) and pyrochroite (Mn(OH)2). The leaching test results show that the values of all the measured metals on the 28th day were within the permitted level for the GB8978-1996 test suggested by China's environmental protection law and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen can be reduced from 504.0mgL(-1) to 76.6mgL(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Process for Clean Energy and Resoure Utilization, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Renlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Process for Clean Energy and Resoure Utilization, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Zuohua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Process for Clean Energy and Resoure Utilization, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hongliang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Process for Clean Energy and Resoure Utilization, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jun Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Process for Clean Energy and Resoure Utilization, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Changyuan Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Process for Clean Energy and Resoure Utilization, Chongqing 400044, China
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40
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Fang C, Zhang T, Jiang R, Ohtake H. Phosphate enhance recovery from wastewater by mechanism analysis and optimization of struvite settleability in fluidized bed reactor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32215. [PMID: 27573918 PMCID: PMC5004189 DOI: 10.1038/srep32215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Since phosphorus, a non-renewable and non-substitutable resource, has become the principal contributor and limiting factor to water eutrophication, achieving phosphorus removal and recovery from wastewater is pretty essential. Even though struvite crystallization process has been widely used for phosphate (P) recovery in wastewater treatment, its application is hampered by difficulties controlling small particle size and crystal growth. This study was conducted to control the settleability of struvite by calculating and predicting the struvite-settling percentage (Ps), which is always affected by the initial concentration of P (CP), solution pH (pH), reaction time (t), reaction temperature (T), agitation rate (Ar), and inlet flow velocity (vf) of the fluidized bed reactor. The results showed that the settleability of struvite could be enhanced by increasing T and decreasing pH, Ar, or vf, and would perform worse with overlong t or excessive CP. The dynamic variation process of the solution supersaturated index (SI) combined with the phase equilibrium theory and Ostwald ripening mechanism explained the above results sufficiently. The logistic model was chosen to predict the Ps under multi-factors, but the accuracy needs to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ci Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rongfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hisao Ohtake
- Research Institute for Phosphorus Atlas, Waseda University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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41
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Chen H, Liu R, Liu Z, Shu J, Tao C. Immobilization of Mn and NH4 (+)-N from electrolytic manganese residue waste. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:12352-12361. [PMID: 26979316 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was the immobilization of soluble manganese (Mn) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4 (+)-N) leached from electrolytic manganese residue (EMR). Immobilization of Mn was investigated via carbonation using carbon dioxide (CO2) and alkaline additives. NH4 (+)-N immobilization was evaluated via struvite precipitation using magnesium and phosphate sources. Results indicated that the immobilization efficiency of Mn using CO2 and quicklime (CaO) was higher than using CO2 and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This higher efficiency was likely due to the slower release of OH(-) during CaO hydrolysis. The immobilization efficiency of Mn was >99.99 % at the CaO:EMR mass ratio of 0.05:1 for 20-min reaction time. The struvite precipitation of NH4 (+)-N was conducted in the carbonated EMR slurry and the immobilization efficiency was 89 % using MgCl2 · 6H2O + Na3PO4 · 12H2O at the Mg:P:N molar ratio of 1.5:1.5:1 for 90-min reaction time. A leaching test showed that the concentrations of Mn and NH4 (+)-N in the filtrate of the treated EMR were 0.2 and 9 mg/L, respectively. The combined immobilization of Mn and NH4 (+)-N was an effective pretreatment method in the harmless treatment of the EMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, 561000, People's Republic of China
| | - Renlong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zuohua Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiancheng Shu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyuan Tao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
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Huang H, Liu J, Jiang Y. Crystallization and precipitation of phosphate from swine wastewater by magnesium metal corrosion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16601. [PMID: 26558521 PMCID: PMC4642316 DOI: 10.1038/srep16601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a unique approach for magnesium dosage in struvite precipitation by Mg metal corrosion. The experimental results showed that using an air bubbling column filled with Mg metal and graphite pellets for the magnesium dosage was the optimal operation mode, which could significantly accelerate the corrosion of the Mg metal pellets due to the presence of graphite granules. The reaction mechanism experiments revealed that the solution pH could be used as the indicator for struvite crystallization by the process. Increases in the Mg metal dosage, mass ratio of graphite and magnesium metal (G:M) and airflow rate could rapidly increase the solution pH. When all three conditions were at 10 g L–1, 1:1 and 1 L min–1, respectively, the phosphate recovery efficiency reached 97.5%. To achieve a high level of automation for the phosphate recovery process, a continuous-flow reactor immersed with the graphite-magnesium air bubbling column was designed to harvest the phosphate from actual swine wastewater. Under conditions of intermittently supplementing small amounts of Mg metal pellets, approximately 95% of the phosphate could be stably recovered as struvite of 95.8% (±0.5) purity. An economic analysis indicated that the process proposed was technically simple and economically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
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Capdevielle A, Sýkorová E, Béline F, Daumer ML. Effects of organic matter on crystallization of struvite in biologically treated swine wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 37:880-892. [PMID: 26495935 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1088580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable way to recover phosphorus (P) in swine wastewater involves a preliminary step of P dissolution followed by the separation of particulate organic matter (OM). The next two steps are firstly the precipitation of struvite crystals done by adding a crystallization reagent (magnesia) and secondly the filtration of the crystals. To develop the process successfully at an industrial scale, the control of the mechanisms of precipitation is the key point in order to obtain high value-added products, that is, big struvite crystals easy to harvest and handle. Experiments with process parameters optimized previously in a synthetic swine wastewater were performed on real swine wastewater to assess the role of the OM on struvite crystallization. After 24 h, with a pH increase to 6.8 only, 90% of the initial P was precipitated and 60% was precipitated as struvite. 80% of the solid recovered was in the fraction > 100 µm. The other forms recovered were brushite, amorphous calcium phosphate, NaCl, KCl and OM. The influence of OM on struvite precipitation in acidified swine wastewater was negative on the reaction kinetics but positive on the size of the struvite crystals. The presence of colloidal particles increased the size of the struvite crystals but slowed down the kinetics due to the viscosity induced by the repulsive force of the colloids. The maximum size of single struvite crystals (200 µm) was observed with the presence of particulate OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Capdevielle
- a IRSTEA/Cemagref , 17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, 35044 Rennes Cedex , France
- c Université européenne de Bretagne (UEB) , 5 Boulevard Laënnec, 35000 Rennes , France
| | - Eva Sýkorová
- b ICT Prague , Department Technology of water , Technická 5, Prague 6 , 166 28 , Czech Republic
| | - Fabrice Béline
- a IRSTEA/Cemagref , 17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, 35044 Rennes Cedex , France
- c Université européenne de Bretagne (UEB) , 5 Boulevard Laënnec, 35000 Rennes , France
| | - Marie-Line Daumer
- a IRSTEA/Cemagref , 17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, 35044 Rennes Cedex , France
- c Université européenne de Bretagne (UEB) , 5 Boulevard Laënnec, 35000 Rennes , France
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