1
|
Bhattachan P, Jeschke MG. SINGLE-CELL TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE. Shock 2024; 61:19-27. [PMID: 37962963 PMCID: PMC10883422 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The analysis of the single-cell transcriptome has emerged as a powerful tool to gain insights on the basic mechanisms of health and disease. It is widely used to reveal the cellular diversity and complexity of tissues at cellular resolution by RNA sequencing of the whole transcriptome from a single cell. Equally, it is applied to discover an unknown, rare population of cells in the tissue. The prime advantage of single-cell transcriptome analysis is the detection of stochastic nature of gene expression of the cell in tissue. Moreover, the availability of multiple platforms for the single-cell transcriptome has broadened its approaches to using cells of different sizes and shapes, including the capture of short or full-length transcripts, which is helpful in the analysis of challenging biological samples. And with the development of numerous packages in R and Python, new directions in the computational analysis of single-cell transcriptomes can be taken to characterize healthy versus diseased tissues to obtain novel pathological insights. Downstream analysis such as differential gene expression analysis, gene ontology term analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, cell-cell interaction analysis, and trajectory analysis has become standard practice in the workflow of single-cell transcriptome analysis to further examine the biology of different cell types. Here, we provide a broad overview of single-cell transcriptome analysis in health and disease conditions currently applied in various studies.
Collapse
|
2
|
Alali DS, Alshebly AA, Alajlani A, Al Jumaiei AH, Alghadeer ZM, Ibrahim Ali S. Awareness of Healthy Lifestyle Among Elderly Population During Aging in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e49054. [PMID: 38125212 PMCID: PMC10731629 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The research explores healthy aging among elderly individuals globally and in Saudi Arabia. Factors like health services, lifestyle, and chronic diseases affecting seniors are examined. However, there is a gap in culturally relevant research, particularly in Arabic-speaking countries. This study aims to understand elderly individuals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding healthy lifestyles for effective functional preservation in aging. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted in the eastern part of Saudi Arabia, specifically Al-Ahsa, from February to May 2023. The Raosoft calculator was employed to determine a sample size of at least 384 participants. The data was analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS Regarding the associations between knowledge levels and demographics, education significantly impacts knowledge (p=0.003). Retired respondents exhibit higher knowledge (50.4%) compared to those with jobs (10.4%) (p=0.002). Smoking has a significant impact on knowledge (p=0.012). Regarding the opinions on elderly care, respondents agree on the importance of fresh fruits and vegetables (52.2%), increased protein intake (64.3%), less fat (83.5%), and regular exercise (44.3%). Supplements' necessity is disagreed upon (95.7%). Living with family is favored (67.8%), and elderly self-management is recognized (60.9%). Significant differences are seen in fruit and vegetable consumption (p=0.001), less fat usage (p=0.000), exercise habits (p=0.000), smoking (p=0.000), and using just salt in cooking (p=0.000). CONCLUSION Study findings underscore the importance of education in influencing healthy behaviors and informed choices, with education levels significantly impacting knowledge levels. Respondents' preferences for balanced diets, exercise, and self-management reflect a positive trend toward embracing healthy aging principles. Notably, the study identifies disparities between knowledge groups in various lifestyle factors, highlighting the potential of education to drive positive changes in behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danah S Alali
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | | | - Ajlan Alajlani
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang YR, Lee HF, Hsieh PL, Chang CH, Chen CM. Relationship between physical activity and perceptions of ageing from the perspective of healthy ageing among older people with frailty with chronic disease: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:319. [PMID: 37716946 PMCID: PMC10504752 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Taiwan, the 2019 Elderly Frailty Assessment found that 11.2% of older people have frailty problems. Some researchers have found that older persons' negative perspectives on ageing aggravate the progression of frailty, thereby increasing their risk of disability. This study aimed to investigate associations of physical activity and perceptions of ageing on perspectives of healthy ageing in older people with frailty and chronic diseases and to compare the differences in their frailty status. METHODS This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. Participants were recruited from community long-term care stations. The inclusion criteria were (1) no severe cognitive impairment and ability to communicate in Mandarin and Taiwanese; (2) over 65 years old; (3) at least one chronic disease; and (4) at least one debilitating item in the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture index. A total of 312 participants were recruited. The Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire Chinese version, Healthy Ageing Perspectives Questionnaire, and Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly Chinese Version were used for measurement. RESULTS The study results found that demographic variables, perceptions of ageing, and physical activity were significantly correlated with perspectives on healthy ageing, including age, Activities of Daily Living, education, all domains of perceptions of ageing, and household- and work-related physical activity. With regard to the frailty status level, prefrailty was better than frailty from the perspective of healthy ageing in older people with chronic disease (t = 5.35, p < 0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis was used to predict the healthy ageing perspectives of older persons with chronic disease involving a chronic time-line, positive control, health-related changes, and work-related activities. Those domains could predict 21% of the variance in healthy ageing perspectives. CONCLUSION It is suggested that in community long-term care stations, health care providers can arrange activities to improve the perception of ageing that are acceptable for older people with frailty and chronic diseases and encourage older people to participate in service activities to achieve a sense of social participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rung Wang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Fang Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, College of Health, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, 40343, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiu Chang
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung City, 433304, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Min Chen
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chu WM, Tsan YT, Chen PY, Chen CY, Hao ML, Chan WC, Chen HM, Hsu PS, Lin SY, Yang CT. A model for predicting physical function upon discharge of hospitalized older adults in Taiwan-a machine learning approach based on both electronic health records and comprehensive geriatric assessment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1160013. [PMID: 37547611 PMCID: PMC10400801 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1160013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Predicting physical function upon discharge among hospitalized older adults is important. This study has aimed to develop a prediction model of physical function upon discharge through use of a machine learning algorithm using electronic health records (EHRs) and comprehensive geriatrics assessments (CGAs) among hospitalized older adults in Taiwan. Methods Data was retrieved from the clinical database of a tertiary medical center in central Taiwan. Older adults admitted to the acute geriatric unit during the period from January 2012 to December 2018 were included for analysis, while those with missing data were excluded. From data of the EHRs and CGAs, a total of 52 clinical features were input for model building. We used 3 different machine learning algorithms, XGBoost, random forest and logistic regression. Results In total, 1,755 older adults were included in final analysis, with a mean age of 80.68 years. For linear models on physical function upon discharge, the accuracy of prediction was 87% for XGBoost, 85% for random forest, and 32% for logistic regression. For classification models on physical function upon discharge, the accuracy for random forest, logistic regression and XGBoost were 94, 92 and 92%, respectively. The auROC reached 98% for XGBoost and random forest, while logistic regression had an auROC of 97%. The top 3 features of importance were activity of daily living (ADL) at baseline, ADL during admission, and mini nutritional status (MNA) during admission. Conclusion The results showed that physical function upon discharge among hospitalized older adults can be predicted accurately during admission through use of a machine learning model with data taken from EHRs and CGAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Chu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Education and Innovation Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ōbu, Japan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Geriatrics and Gerontology Research Center, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tse Tsan
- Geriatrics and Gerontology Research Center, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Man-Ling Hao
- Department of Computer Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chan Chan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ming Chen
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Shan Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Geriatrics and Gerontology Research Center, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Tung Yang
- Department of Computer Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee SH, Kim J, Lim B, Lee HJ, Kim YH. Exercise with a wearable hip-assist robot improved physical function and walking efficiency in older adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7269. [PMID: 37142609 PMCID: PMC10160081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wearable assistive robotics has emerged as a promising technology to supplement or replace motor functions and to retrain people recovering from an injury or living with reduced mobility. We developed delayed output feedback control for a wearable hip-assistive robot, the EX1, to provide gait assistance. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the effects of long-term exercise with EX1 on gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy efficiency in elderly people. This study used parallel experimental (exercise with EX1) and control groups (exercise without EX1). A total of 60 community-dwelling elderly persons participated in 18 exercise intervention sessions during 6 weeks, and all participants were assessed at 5 time points: before exercise, after 9 exercise sessions, after 18 sessions, and 1 month and 3 months after the last session. The spatiotemporal gait parameters, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle strength of the trunk and lower extremities improved more after exercise with EX1 than in that without EX1. Furthermore, the effort of muscles over the trunk and lower extremities throughout the total gait cycle (100%) significantly decreased after exercise with EX1. The net metabolic energy costs during walking significantly improved, and functional assessment scores improved more in the experimental group than in the control group. Our findings provide evidence supporting the application of EX1 in physical activity and gait exercise is effective to improve age-related declines in gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency among older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokman Lim
- WIRobotics, Yongin, 16942, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Jae Lee
- Robot Business Team, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, 16677, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
- Haeundae Sharing and Happiness Hospital, Pusan, 48101, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chu WM, Tange C, Nishita Y, Tomida M, Shimokata H, Otsuka R, Lee MC, Arai H. Effect of different types of social support on physical frailty development among community-dwelling older adults in Japan: Evidence from a 10-year population-based cohort study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 108:104928. [PMID: 36649669 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Social support is associated with multiple positive health outcomes and is negatively associated with frailty in older adults. However, most evidence came from cross-sectional research. This study aimed to longitudinally explore the relationship between different types of social support and incident physical frailty. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 10-year prospective cohort study data from the National Institute for Longevity Sciences - Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) database, from 2000 to 2012 on older adults aged ≥65 years were analyzed excluding those with physical frailty at baseline, missing data, or not attending follow-up. We measured three kinds of social support, whether from within or outside family members, including emotional, instrumental, and negative support. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to examine the longitudinal relationships between social support and subsequent frailty. RESULTS The final analysis included 466 participants, with an average age of 71.3 (standard deviation [SD], 4.3) years and 7.33 years of follow-up (SD, 3.11). GEE analysis showed that emotional and instrumental supports from within and outside family members were associated with a significantly lower risk of physical frailty (odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80 [0.64-1.00] and 0.74 [0.58-0.95]; 0.77 [0.60-0.99] and 0.79 [0.63-0.99], respectively). Both negative support from within or outside family members had no significant relationship with the risk of physical frailty. CONCLUSIONS This longitudinal study suggested that emotional, and instrumental support both from within or outside family members can reduce future physical frailty among older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Chu
- Education and Innovation Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan; Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chikako Tange
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nishita
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Makiko Tomida
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimokata
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Japan
| | - Rei Otsuka
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Meng-Chih Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Population Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan; College of Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kaur M, Kaur M. Assessment of menopausal symptoms with changing hormone milieus in different menopausal transitional stages. Health Care Women Int 2022:1-16. [PMID: 36282199 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2022.2134390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present cross-sectional study is an attempt to evaluate menopausal symptoms with changing hormone milieus among women of different menopausal transitional stages. Out of all the symptoms, sexual dysfunction was the most commonly occurring symptom. Results of the correspondence analysis exhibited a significant association of symptoms like 'feeling unhappy', 'feeling dizzy', 'parts of body feeling numb' and 'muscle & joint pain' with late postmenopausal stage. Therefore, the assessment of menopausal health of women in rural settings of developing countries like India is of considerable significance for promoting their post reproductive health as well as for enhancing their quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mankamal Kaur
- Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Physical Activity Influences Cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone (Sulfate) Levels in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Aging Phys Act 2022; 31:330-351. [PMID: 35981715 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2021-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Age-related changes affect the ratio between two steroid hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (sulfate) (DHEA[S]). Physical activity (PA) may buffer the effects of chronic stress and counteract the aging decline of DHEA(S). Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to understand how PA influences physiological markers of cortisol and/or DHEA(S) and whether there is a difference in observational associations or experimental effects in older adults aged 65 years and older. A narrative synthesis was performed on nine observational studies, and meta-analyses were performed on 22 randomized controlled trials. There was low- to moderate-quality evidence that regular PA beneficially reduces cortisol and increases DHEA(S) levels. Subgroup analyses showed no clinically important differences between men and women, different exercise modalities, or health states. The findings cautiously suggest that regular PA of older adults' own choice that they find enjoyable could be recommended to improve cortisol and/or DHEA(S) levels.
Collapse
|
9
|
Analysis of Scientometric Indicators in Publications Associated with Healthy Aging in the World, Period 2011–2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158988. [PMID: 35897359 PMCID: PMC9329745 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Today, the world population is aging at a fast rate. This scenario of the accelerated aging of human populations entails increased concern for healthy aging that is associated with a rise in scientific production related to the topic. In this study, the Scopus database from Elsevier was used, with a final search carried out on 5 January 2022, and various bibliometric indicators were obtained from SciVal. The study was fundamentally intended to characterize, determine trends, and understand the evolution and current state of research on the concept of “healthy aging” in the last decade. We found that there has been proportionally greater and more accelerated growth in the subject with respect to the general productivity of the world and that countries with high life expectancies tend to have made more effort to investigate this topic. The “hottest” research areas were found to be related to the cognitive aspect and the biological mechanisms involved in aging.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu Q, Lin L. The promotion of menopausal hormone therapy might be determined by the attitude of health-care professionals. Climacteric 2022; 25:213-214. [PMID: 35527625 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2022.2057038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Center of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fleury J, Sedikides C, Wildschut T, Coon DW, Komnenich P. Feeling Safe and Nostalgia in Healthy Aging. Front Psychol 2022; 13:843051. [PMID: 35444598 PMCID: PMC9015039 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.843051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The population of older adults worldwide is growing, with an urgent need for approaches that develop and maintain intrinsic capacity consistent with healthy aging. Theory and empirical research converge on feeling safe as central to healthy aging. However, there has been limited attention to resources that cultivate feeling safe to support healthy aging. Nostalgia, "a sentimental longing for one's past," is established as a source of comfort in response to social threat, existential threat, and self-threat. Drawing from extant theory and research, we build on these findings to position nostalgia as a regulatory resource that cultivates feeling safe and contributes to intrinsic capacity to support healthy aging. Using a narrative review method, we: (a) characterize feeling safe as a distinct affective dimension, (b) summarize the character of nostalgia in alignment with feeling safe, (c) propose a theoretical account of the mechanisms through which nostalgia cultivates feeling safe, (d) highlight the contribution of nostalgia to feeling safe and emotional, physiological, and behavioral regulatory capabilities in healthy aging, and (e) offer conclusions and direction for research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Fleury
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Constantine Sedikides
- Centre for Research on Self and Identity, Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Wildschut
- Centre for Research on Self and Identity, Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David W. Coon
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Pauline Komnenich
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang J, Zhao A. Dietary Diversity and Healthy Aging: A Prospective Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061787. [PMID: 34073820 PMCID: PMC8225052 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Population aging is a global phenomenon. The present study determined the effects of dietary diversity score (DDS) and food consumption on healthy aging. A subset of the data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey was utilized in this study. DDSs were calculated using the dietary data collected in the years 2009 and 2011. A healthy aging score (HAS) was calculated by summing the standardized scores on physical functional limitation, comorbidity, cognitive function, and psychological stress based on the data collected in the year 2015, with a lower HAS indicating a healthier aging process. Life quality was self-reported in the year 2015. This study found that DDS was inversely associated with HAS (T3 vs. T1: β −0.16, 95%CI −0.20 to −0.11, p-trend <0.001). The consumption of meat and poultry, aquatic products, and fruits was inversely associated with HAS, and participants in the highest tertile of staple foods consumption had a higher HAS than those in the lowest tertile. HAS was inversely associated with good self-reported life quality and positively associated with bad life quality. In conclusion, food consumption may influence the aging process, and adherence to a diverse diet is associated with a healthier aging process in elderly people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-138-1113-1994
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Asyakina L, Fotina N, Izgarysheva N, Slavyanskiy A, Neverova O. Geroprotective potential of in vitro bioactive compounds isolated from yarrow (Achilleae millefolii L.) cell cultures. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2021-1-126-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. There is an urgent need for geroprotectors that prevent premature aging, especially antioxidants of plant origin. Due to the shortage of medicinal plant materials, scientists look for alternative sources of bioactive compounds of phenolic nature, for example, cell cultures and organs of higher plants. This paper describes a study of the geroprotective potential of in vitro bioactive compounds isolated from yarrow (Achilleae millefolii L.) cell cultures.
Study objects and methods. Callus, suspension and hairy root cultures of A. millefolii were obtained by in vitro cultivation on modified nutrient media. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the composition of the cell cultures and ethanol extracts. The extracts’ antimicrobial activity was studied by the disk diffusion method and their antioxidant activity was measured based on titration of a potassium permanganate solution.
Results and discussion. The biomass of all yarrow cell cultures contained essential oils, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic acids, carotenoids, as well as vitamins C and E. The suspension culture had a higher content of essential oils, flavonoids and glycosides than the callus and hairy root cultures. The extracts of the A. millefolii suspension culture also contained geroprotectors – phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and simple phenols, with a prevalence of caffeic acid, cynaroside, 4,5-dicofeylquinic acid, apigenin, and luteolin. In addition, HPLC revealed the presence of cumic aldehyde, umbelliferone, 3-caffeylquinic acid, and caffeic acid – the bioactive compounds previously not reported in yarrow. In vitro experiments with the extracts proved their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.
Conclusion. The complex of bioactive compounds isolated from the biomass of yarrow suspension culture provides this plant with potential geroprotective properties. Thus, yarrow can be used to create nutraceuticals that prevent premature aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anatoliy Slavyanskiy
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of technologies and management (the First Cossack University)
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wehrle FM, Caflisch J, Eichelberger DA, Haller G, Latal B, Largo RH, Kakebeeke TH, Jenni OG. The Importance of Childhood for Adult Health and Development-Study Protocol of the Zurich Longitudinal Studies. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:612453. [PMID: 33633550 PMCID: PMC7901945 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.612453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that individual and environmental factors in childhood and adolescence should be considered when investigating adult health and aging-related processes. The data required for this is gathered by comprehensive long-term longitudinal studies. This article describes the protocol of the Zurich Longitudinal Studies (ZLS), a set of three comprehensive cohort studies on child growth, health, and development that are currently expanding into adulthood. Between 1954 and 1961, 445 healthy infants were enrolled in the first ZLS cohort. Their physical, motor, cognitive, and social development and their environment were assessed comprehensively across childhood, adolescence, and into young adulthood. In the 1970s, two further cohorts were added to the ZLS and assessed with largely matched study protocols: Between 1974 and 1979, the second ZLS cohort included 265 infants (103 term-born and 162 preterm infants), and between 1970 and 2002, the third ZLS cohort included 327 children of participants of the first ZLS cohort. Since 2019, the participants of the three ZLS cohorts have been traced and invited to participate in a first wave of assessments in adulthood to investigate their current health and development. This article describes the ZLS study protocol and discusses opportunities, methodological and conceptual challenges, and limitations arising from a long-term longitudinal cohort recruited from a study about development in early life. In the future, the ZLS will provide data to investigate childhood antecedents of adult health outcomes and, ultimately, will help respond to the frequent call of scientists to shift the focus of aging research into the first decades of life and, thus, to take a lifespan perspective on aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia M. Wehrle
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jon Caflisch
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Giulia Haller
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Latal
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Remo H. Largo
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tanja H. Kakebeeke
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oskar G. Jenni
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhu X, Ma L. Medical and Old-age Care Integration Model and Implementation of the Integrated Care of Older People (ICOPE) in China: Opportunities and Challenges. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:720-723. [PMID: 34179923 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The demand for healthy old-age care is growing rapidly in China. The traditional old-age care model can no longer meet elderly patients' demands for medical care and old-age care. To promote the development of medical care-integrated old-age care, a solution covering multiple aspects is necessary. In the context of the global development of healthy aging, China recently issued many policies to integrate old-age care with medical care, establishing protection for a large number of disabled elderly people. The Integrated Care of Older People (ICOPE) project is an international program developed by the World Health Organization. This paper reviews China's medical and old-age care integration model and the opportunities and challenges in implementing the ICOPE in the context of healthy aging in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Dr. Lina Ma, Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China. E-mail:
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|