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Si S, Bi A, Yu Z, See C, Kelly S, Ambrogi S, Arango C, Baeza I, Banaj N, Berk M, Castro-Fornieles J, Crespo-Facorro B, Crouse JJ, Díaz-Caneja CM, Fett AK, Fortea A, Frangou S, Goldstein BI, Hickie IB, Janssen J, Kennedy KG, Krabbendam L, Kyriakopoulos M, MacIntosh BJ, Morgado P, Nerland S, Pascual-Diaz S, Picó-Pérez M, Piras F, Rund BR, de la Serna E, Spalletta G, Sugranyes G, Suo C, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Vecchio D, Radua J, McGuire P, Thomopoulos SI, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Barth C, Agartz I, James A, Kempton MJ. Mapping gray and white matter volume abnormalities in early-onset psychosis: an ENIGMA multicenter voxel-based morphometry study. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:496-504. [PMID: 38195979 PMCID: PMC11116097 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regional gray matter (GM) alterations have been reported in early-onset psychosis (EOP, onset before age 18), but previous studies have yielded conflicting results, likely due to small sample sizes and the different brain regions examined. In this study, we conducted a whole brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis in a large sample of individuals with EOP, using the newly developed ENIGMA-VBM tool. METHODS 15 independent cohorts from the ENIGMA-EOP working group participated in the study. The overall sample comprised T1-weighted MRI data from 482 individuals with EOP and 469 healthy controls. Each site performed the VBM analysis locally using the standardized ENIGMA-VBM tool. Statistical parametric T-maps were generated from each cohort and meta-analyzed to reveal voxel-wise differences between EOP and healthy controls as well as the individual-based association between GM volume and age of onset, chlorpromazine (CPZ) equivalent dose, and other clinical variables. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, individuals with EOP showed widespread lower GM volume encompassing most of the cortex, with the most marked effect in the left median cingulate (Hedges' g = 0.55, p = 0.001 corrected), as well as small clusters of lower white matter (WM), whereas no regional GM or WM volumes were higher in EOP. Lower GM volume in the cerebellum, thalamus and left inferior parietal gyrus was associated with older age of onset. Deficits in GM in the left inferior frontal gyrus, right insula, right precentral gyrus and right superior frontal gyrus were also associated with higher CPZ equivalent doses. CONCLUSION EOP is associated with widespread reductions in cortical GM volume, while WM is affected to a smaller extent. GM volume alterations are associated with age of onset and CPZ equivalent dose but these effects are small compared to case-control differences. Mapping anatomical abnormalities in EOP may lead to a better understanding of the role of psychosis in brain development during childhood and adolescence.
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Grants
- P41 EB015922 NIBIB NIH HHS
- R01 MH116147 NIMH NIH HHS
- R01 MH121246 NIMH NIH HHS
- R01 MH134004 NIMH NIH HHS
- P50 MH115846 NIMH NIH HHS
- U01 MH124639 NIMH NIH HHS
- R01 AG059874 NIA NIH HHS
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-financed by the European Union, ERDF Funds from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe”, financed by the European Union - NextGenerationEU (PMP21/00051), PI19/01024, PI20/00721, JR19/00024. CIBERSAM, Madrid Regional Government (S2022/BMD-7216 (AGES 3-CM)), European Union Structural Funds, European Union Seventh Framework Program, European Union H2020 Program under the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking: Project PRISM-2 (Grant agreement No.101034377), Project AIMS-2-TRIALS (Grant agreement No 777394), Horizon Europe, the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number 1U01MH124639-01 (Project ProNET) and Award Number 5P50MH115846-03 (project FEP-CAUSAL), Fundación Familia Alonso, and Fundación Alicia Koplowitz. YTOP cohort is suppoprted by The Research Council of Norway (223273, 213700, 250358, 288083); South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (2017112); KG Jebsen Stiftelsen (SKGJ-MED-008).
- the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-financed by the European Union, (PI18/00976, PI20/00654, PI02100330), Ajut a la Recerca Pons Bartran, the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation, Brain and Behaviour Research Foundation (NARSAD Young Investigator Award 2017) and Strategic Research and Innovation Plan in Health (PERIS), Department of Health, Government of Catalonia.
- NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship and Leadership 3 Investigator grant (1156072 and 2017131)
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-financed by the European Union, ERDF Funds from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe”, financed by the European Union - NextGenerationEU (PMP21/00051), PI19/01024, PI20/00721, JR19/00024,. CIBERSAM, Madrid Regional Government (S2022/BMD-7216 (AGES 3-CM)), European Union Structural Funds, European Union Seventh Framework Program, European Union H2020 Program under the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking: Project PRISM-2 (Grant agreement No.101034377), Project AIMS-2-TRIALS (Grant agreement No 777394), Horizon Europe, the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number 1U01MH124639-01 (Project ProNET) and Award Number 5P50MH115846-03 (project FEP-CAUSAL), Fundación Familia Alonso, and Fundación Alicia Koplowitz.
- the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), co-financed by the European Union, ERDF Funds from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe”, financed by the European Union - NextGenerationEU (PMP21/00051), PI19/01024, PI20/00721, JR19/00024,. CIBERSAM, Madrid Regional Government (S2022/BMD-7216 (AGES 3-CM)), European Union Structural Funds, European Union Seventh Framework Program, European Union H2020 Program under the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking: Project PRISM-2 (Grant agreement No.101034377), Project AIMS-2-TRIALS (Grant agreement No 777394), Horizon Europe, the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number 1U01MH124639-01 (Project ProNET) and Award Number 5P50MH115846-03 (project FEP-CAUSAL), Fundación Familia Alonso, and Fundación Alicia Koplowitz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Si
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Anbreen Bi
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaoying Yu
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cheryl See
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sinead Kelly
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Ambrogi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Baeza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Department of Psychiatry, CIBERSAM, IBiS-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jacob J Crouse
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Kathrin Fett
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Adriana Fortea
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kody G Kennedy
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lydia Krabbendam
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Institute for Brain and Behaviour (IBBA) Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marinos Kyriakopoulos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pedro Morgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- 2CA-Braga Cinical Academic Center, Hospital de Braga, 4710-243, Braga, Portugal
| | - Stener Nerland
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Saül Pascual-Diaz
- Laboratory of Surgical Neuroanatomy, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Picó-Pérez
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Research Department, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3004, Drammen, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P. O. box 1094, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena de la Serna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Hospital Clinic Barcelona. CIBERSAM-ISCIII. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FCRB-IDIBAPS). Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chao Suo
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Radiology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander (Cantabria), Spain
- Advanced Computing and e-Science, Instituto de Física de Cantabria (UC-CSIC), Santander (Cantabria), Spain
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Barth
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthony James
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Highfield Unit, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew J Kempton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Dai R, Herold CJ, Wang X, Kong L, Schröder J. Structural brain networks in schizophrenia based on nonnegative matrix factorization. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 334:111690. [PMID: 37480705 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disease with significant morphometric reductions in gray matter volume and cortical thickness in a variety of brain regions. However, most studies only focused on the voxel level alterations in specific cerebral regions and ignored the spatial relationship between voxels. In the present study, we used a novel, data-driven technique-nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) to group voxels with similar information into a network, and studied the structural covariance at the network level in schizophrenia. Our sample included 36 patients with schizophrenia and 21 healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia showed significant gray matter volume reductions in six structural covariance networks (dorsal striatum, thalamus, hippocampus-parahippocampus, supplementary motor area-fusiform, middle/inferior temporal network, frontal-parietal-occipital network). Our findings confirmed the assumption of a disturbance in the cortical-subcortical circuit in schizophrenia and suggested that NMF is a useful multivariate method to identify brain networks, which provides a new perspective to study the neural mechanism in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Dai
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Christina J Herold
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xingsong Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Kong
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Johannes Schröder
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Hua JPY, Loewy RL, Stuart B, Fryer SL, Niendam TA, Carter CS, Vinogradov S, Mathalon DH. Cortical and subcortical brain morphometry abnormalities in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis and individuals with early illness schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 332:111653. [PMID: 37121090 PMCID: PMC10362971 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have documented morphometric brain abnormalities in schizophrenia, but less is known about them in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P), including how they compare with those observed in early schizophrenia (ESZ). Accordingly, we implemented multivariate profile analysis of regional morphometric profiles in CHR-P (n = 89), ESZ (n = 93) and healthy controls (HC; n = 122). ESZ profiles differed from HC and CHR-P profiles, including 1) cortical thickness: significant level reduction and regional non-parallelism reflecting widespread thinning, except for entorhinal and pericalcarine cortex, 2) basal ganglia volume: significant level increase and regional non-parallelism reflecting larger caudate and pallidum, and 3) ventricular volume: significant level increase with parallel regional profiles. CHR-P and ESZ cerebellar profiles showed significant non-parallelism with HC profiles. Regional profiles did not significantly differ between groups for cortical surface area or subcortical volume. Compared to CHR-P followed for ≥18 months without psychosis conversion (n = 31), CHR-P converters (n = 17) showed significant non-parallel ventricular volume expansion reflecting specific enlargement of lateral and inferolateral regions. Antipsychotic dosage in ESZ was significantly correlated with frontal cortical thinning. Results suggest that morphometric abnormalities in ESZ are not present in CHR-P, except for ventricular enlargement, which was evident in CHR-P who developed psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Y Hua
- Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, San Francisco VA Medical Center, and the University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, 94121, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, CA, United States; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211, MO, United States
| | - Rachel L Loewy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, CA, United States
| | - Barbara Stuart
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, CA, United States
| | - Susanna L Fryer
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, 94121, CA, United States
| | - Tara A Niendam
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, 95616, CA, United States
| | - Cameron S Carter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, 95616, CA, United States
| | - Sophia Vinogradov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, MN, United States
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, 94121, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, CA, United States.
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4
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Andreou D, Steen NE, Jørgensen KN, Smelror RE, Wedervang-Resell K, Nerland S, Westlye LT, Nærland T, Myhre AM, Joa I, Reitan SMK, Vaaler A, Morken G, Bøen E, Elvsåshagen T, Boye B, Malt UF, Aukrust P, Skrede S, Kroken RA, Johnsen E, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Ueland T, Agartz I. Lower circulating neuron-specific enolase concentrations in adults and adolescents with severe mental illness. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1479-1488. [PMID: 35387700 PMCID: PMC10009386 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721003056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental abnormalities have been suggested to be part of the etiopathology of severe mental illness (SMI). Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), mainly located in the neuronal cytoplasm, may indicate the process as it is upregulated after neuronal injury while a switch from non-neuronal enolase to NSE occurs during neuronal maturation. METHODS We included 1132 adult patients with SMI [schizophrenia (SZ) or bipolar spectrum disorders], 903 adult healthy controls (HC), 32 adolescent patients with SMI and 67 adolescent HC. Plasma NSE concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay. For 842 adults and 85 adolescents, we used total grey matter volume (TGMV) based on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images processed in FreeSurfer v6.0. We explored NSE case-control differences in adults and adolescents separately. To investigate whether putative case-control differences in NSE were TGMV-dependent we controlled for TGMV. RESULTS We found significantly lower NSE concentrations in both adult (p < 0.001) and adolescent patients with SMI (p = 0.007) compared to HC. The results remained significant after controlling for TGMV. Among adults, both patients with SZ spectrum (p < 0.001) and bipolar spectrum disorders (p = 0.005) had lower NSE than HC. In both patient subgroups, lower NSE levels were associated with increased symptom severity. Among adults (p < 0.001) and adolescents (p = 0.040), females had lower NSE concentrations than males. CONCLUSION We found lower NSE concentrations in adult and adolescent patients with SMI compared to HC. The results suggest the lack of progressive neuronal injury, and may reflect abnormal neuronal maturation. This provides further support of a neurodevelopmental rather than a neurodegenerative mechanism in SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Andreou
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Runar Elle Smelror
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten Wedervang-Resell
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Unit, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stener Nerland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terje Nærland
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Margrethe Myhre
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- TIPS – Network for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Faculty of Health, Network for Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Solveig Merete Klæbo Reitan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Mental Health, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- St Olavs Hospital, Department of Mental Health, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne Vaaler
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Mental Health, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- St Olavs Hospital, Department of Mental Health, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gunnar Morken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Mental Health, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- St Olavs Hospital, Department of Mental Health, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erlend Bøen
- Psychosomatic and C-L Psychiatry, Adult, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Birgitte Boye
- Psychosomatic and C-L Psychiatry, Adult, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrik Fredrik Malt
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje Skrede
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rune Andreas Kroken
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erik Johnsen
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Sun N, Liu M, Liu P, Zhang A, Yang C, Liu Z, Li J, Li G, Wang Y, Zhang K. Abnormal cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical circuit centered on the thalamus in MDD patients with somatic symptoms: Evidence from the REST-meta-MDD project. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:71-84. [PMID: 36395992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Somatic symptoms are common comorbidities of major depressive disorder (MDD), and negatively impact the course and severity of the disease. In order to enrich the understanding of the pathological mechanism and clarify the neurobiological basis of somatic symptoms in depression, we attempted to explore the changes of brain structure and function in a large sample between depression with and without somatic symptoms. METHODS Structure magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were collected from 342 patients with somatic symptoms (SD), 208 patients without somatic symptoms (NSD), and 510 healthy controls (HCs) based on the REST-meta-MDD project. We analyzed the whole brain VBM maps of the three groups, and combined with weight degree centrality (DC) index, we investigated whether the brain regions with gray matter volume (GMV) and gray matter density (GMD) abnormalities in MDD patients with somatic symptoms had corresponding brain functional abnormalities. RESULTS Between depression with and without somatic symptoms, we found that there are extensive GMV and GMD differences involving cortical regions such as the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, and insula, as well as subcortical brain regions such as thalamus and striatum. The comparison results of weight DC signals of GMV and GMD abnormal clusters between the SD and NSD groups were basically consistent with the GMV and GMD abnormal clusters. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the structure and function of cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuit centered on the thalamus were abnormal in MDD patients with somatic symptoms. This may be the neurobiological basis of somatic symptoms in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Psychosomatic, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Penghong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Aixia Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Zhifen Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jianying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Gaizhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Kerang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
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6
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Fan YS, Xu Y, Li Q, Chen Y, Guo X, Yang S, Guo J, Sheng W, Wang C, Gao Q, Chen H. Systematically mapping gray matter abnormal patterns in drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia from childhood to adolescence. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1452-1461. [PMID: 35396845 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia originates early in neurodevelopment, underscoring the need to elaborate on anomalies in the still maturing brain of early-onset schizophrenia (EOS). METHODS Gray matter (GM) volumes were evaluated in 94 antipsychotic-naïve first-episode EOS patients and 100 typically developing (TD) controls. The anatomical profiles of changing GM deficits in EOS were detected using 2-way analyses of variance with diagnosis and age as factors, and its timing was further charted using stage-specific group comparisons. Interregional relationships of GM alterations were established using structural covariance network analyses. RESULTS Antagonistic interaction results suggested dynamic GM abnormalities of the left fusiform gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, and lingual gyrus in EOS. These regions comprise a dominating part of the ventral stream, a ventral occipitotemporal (vOT) network engaged in early social information processing. GM abnormalities were mainly located in the vOT regions in childhood-onset patients, whereas in the rostral prefrontal cortex (rPFC) in adolescent-onset patients. Moreover, compared with TD controls, patients' GM synchronization with the ventral stream was disrupted in widespread high-order social perception regions including the rPFC and salience network. CONCLUSIONS The current findings reveal age-related anatomical abnormalities of the social perception system in pediatric patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Shuang Fan
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yuyan Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xiaonan Guo
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Siqi Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Chong Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Qing Gao
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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7
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Positiv psychotische Symptome in Kindheit und Jugend. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 2022; 71:640-657. [DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2022.71.7.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Du Y, He X, Kochunov P, Pearlson G, Hong LE, van Erp TGM, Belger A, Calhoun VD. A new multimodality fusion classification approach to explore the uniqueness of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:3887-3903. [PMID: 35484969 PMCID: PMC9294304 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) sharing overlapping symptoms have a long history of diagnostic confusion. It is unclear what their differences at a brain level are. Here, we propose a multimodality fusion classification approach to investigate their divergence in brain function and structure. Using brain functional network connectivity (FNC) calculated from resting-state fMRI data and gray matter volume (GMV) estimated from sMRI data, we classify the two disorders using the main data (335 SZ and 380 ASD patients) via an unbiased 10-fold cross-validation pipeline, and also validate the classification generalization ability on an independent cohort (120 SZ and 349 ASD patients). The classification accuracy reached up to 83.08% for the testing data and 72.10% for the independent data, significantly better than the results from using the single-modality features. The discriminative FNCs that were automatically selected primarily involved the sub-cortical, default mode, and visual domains. Interestingly, all discriminative FNCs relating to the default mode network showed an intermediate strength in healthy controls (HCs) between SZ and ASD patients. Their GMV differences were mainly driven by the frontal gyrus, temporal gyrus, and insula. Regarding these regions, the mean GMV of HC fell intermediate between that of SZ and ASD, and ASD showed the highest GMV. The middle frontal gyrus was associated with both functional and structural differences. In summary, our work reveals the unique neuroimaging characteristics of SZ and ASD that can achieve high and generalizable classification accuracy, supporting their potential as disorder-specific neural substrates of the two entwined disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Du
- School of Computer and Information TechnologyShanxi UniversityTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data ScienceGeorgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Xingyu He
- School of Computer and Information TechnologyShanxi UniversityTaiyuanShanxiChina
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Center for Brain Imaging ResearchUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - L. Elliot Hong
- Center for Brain Imaging ResearchUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Theo G. M. van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Aysenil Belger
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data ScienceGeorgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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9
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Neuroanatomical heterogeneity and homogeneity in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:297. [PMID: 35882855 PMCID: PMC9325730 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) demonstrate heterogeneity in clinical profiles and outcome features. However, the extent of neuroanatomical heterogeneity in the CHR-P state is largely undetermined. We aimed to quantify the neuroanatomical heterogeneity in structural magnetic resonance imaging measures of cortical surface area (SA), cortical thickness (CT), subcortical volume (SV), and intracranial volume (ICV) in CHR-P individuals compared with healthy controls (HC), and in relation to subsequent transition to a first episode of psychosis. The ENIGMA CHR-P consortium applied a harmonised analysis to neuroimaging data across 29 international sites, including 1579 CHR-P individuals and 1243 HC, offering the largest pooled CHR-P neuroimaging dataset to date. Regional heterogeneity was indexed with the Variability Ratio (VR) and Coefficient of Variation (CV) ratio applied at the group level. Personalised estimates of heterogeneity of SA, CT and SV brain profiles were indexed with the novel Person-Based Similarity Index (PBSI), with two complementary applications. First, to assess the extent of within-diagnosis similarity or divergence of neuroanatomical profiles between individuals. Second, using a normative modelling approach, to assess the 'normativeness' of neuroanatomical profiles in individuals at CHR-P. CHR-P individuals demonstrated no greater regional heterogeneity after applying FDR corrections. However, PBSI scores indicated significantly greater neuroanatomical divergence in global SA, CT and SV profiles in CHR-P individuals compared with HC. Normative PBSI analysis identified 11 CHR-P individuals (0.70%) with marked deviation (>1.5 SD) in SA, 118 (7.47%) in CT and 161 (10.20%) in SV. Psychosis transition was not significantly associated with any measure of heterogeneity. Overall, our examination of neuroanatomical heterogeneity within the CHR-P state indicated greater divergence in neuroanatomical profiles at an individual level, irrespective of psychosis conversion. Further large-scale investigations are required of those who demonstrate marked deviation.
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10
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Sadeghi D, Shoeibi A, Ghassemi N, Moridian P, Khadem A, Alizadehsani R, Teshnehlab M, Gorriz JM, Khozeimeh F, Zhang YD, Nahavandi S, Acharya UR. An overview of artificial intelligence techniques for diagnosis of Schizophrenia based on magnetic resonance imaging modalities: Methods, challenges, and future works. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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The Limits between Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: What Do Magnetic Resonance Findings Tell Us? Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12030078. [PMID: 35323397 PMCID: PMC8944966 DOI: 10.3390/bs12030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, two of the most severe psychiatric illnesses, have historically been regarded as dichotomous entities but share many features of the premorbid course, clinical profile, genetic factors and treatment approaches. Studies focusing on neuroimaging findings have received considerable attention, as they plead for an improved understanding of the brain regions involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. In this review, we summarize the main magnetic resonance imaging findings in both disorders, aiming at exploring the neuroanatomical and functional similarities and differences between the two. The findings show that gray and white matter structural changes and functional dysconnectivity predominate in the frontal and limbic areas and the frontotemporal circuitry of the brain areas involved in the integration of executive, cognitive and affective functions, commonly affected in both disorders. Available evidence points to a considerable overlap in the affected regions between the two conditions, therefore possibly placing them at opposite ends of a psychosis continuum.
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12
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Cai J, Wei W, Zhao L, Li M, Li X, Liang S, Deng W, Du XD, Wang Q, Guo WJ, Ma X, Sham PC, Li T. Abnormal Brain Structure Morphology in Early-Onset Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:925204. [PMID: 35873260 PMCID: PMC9301254 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.925204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With less exposure to environmental and medication influences, individuals with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) may provide valuable evidence to study the pathogenesis and phenotypic pattern of schizophrenia.T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were collected in 60 individuals with EOS and 40 healthy controls. Voxel-based morphometry and surface-based morphometry analyzes were performed. Gray matter volume, cortical thickness and cortical surface area were compared between the EOS and healthy controls and among schizophrenia subgroups (with or without family history of schizophrenia). Compared with healthy controls, the EOS group had reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus and reduced cortical thickness in several brain regions. The sporadic early onset schizophrenia and the familial early onset schizophrenia showed different brain structure morphology. These findings suggest that abnormal brain structure morphology, especially in the temporal and frontal lobes, may be an important pathophysiological feature of EOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingli Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sugai Liang
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Dong Du
- Suzhou Psychiatry Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wan-Jun Guo
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for PanorOmic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Wen Y, Zhou C, Chen L, Deng Y, Cleusix M, Jenni R, Conus P, Do KQ, Xin L. Bridging structural MRI with cognitive function for individual level classification of early psychosis via deep learning. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1075564. [PMID: 36704734 PMCID: PMC9871589 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1075564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent efforts have been made to apply machine learning and deep learning approaches to the automated classification of schizophrenia using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) at the individual level. However, these approaches are less accurate on early psychosis (EP) since there are mild structural brain changes at early stage. As cognitive impairments is one main feature in psychosis, in this study we apply a multi-task deep learning framework using sMRI with inclusion of cognitive assessment to facilitate the classification of patients with EP from healthy individuals. METHOD Unlike previous studies, we used sMRI as the direct input to perform EP classifications and cognitive estimations. The proposed deep learning model does not require time-consuming volumetric or surface based analysis and can provide additionally cognition predictions. Experiments were conducted on an in-house data set with 77 subjects and a public ABCD HCP-EP data set with 164 subjects. RESULTS We achieved 74.9 ± 4.3% five-fold cross-validated accuracy and an area under the curve of 71.1 ± 4.1% on EP classification with the inclusion of cognitive estimations. DISCUSSION We reveal the feasibility of automated cognitive estimation using sMRI by deep learning models, and also demonstrate the implicit adoption of cognitive measures as additional information to facilitate EP classifications from healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Media Technology of Sichuan Province, School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Imaging and Technology Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Digital Media Technology of Sichuan Province, School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of UESTC in Guangdong, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Leiting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Media Technology of Sichuan Province, School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of UESTC in Guangdong, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martine Cleusix
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Jenni
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kim Q Do
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lijing Xin
- Animal Imaging and Technology Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Liu J, Wen F, Yan J, Yu L, Wang F, Wang D, Zhang J, Yan C, Chu J, Li Y, Li Y, Cui Y. Gray Matter Alterations in Pediatric Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Voxel-Based Morphometry Studies. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:785547. [PMID: 35308883 PMCID: PMC8924120 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.785547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is comparing gray matter alterations in SCZ pediatric patients with those suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) based on a systematic review and an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Elsevier, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). A systematic review and an ALE meta-analysis were performed to quantitatively examine brain gray matter alterations. RESULTS Children and adolescents with schizophrenia had decreased gray matter volume (GMV) mainly in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), temporal cortex (such as the middle temporal gyrus and transverse temporal gyrus), and insula, while children and adolescents with OCD mainly had increased GMV in the PFC and the striatum (including the lentiform nucleus and caudate nucleus), and decreased GMV in the parietal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that gray matter abnormalities in the PFC may indicate homogeneity between the two diseases. In children and adolescents, structural alterations in schizophrenia mainly involve the fronto-temporal and cortico-insula circuits, whereas those in OCD mainly involve the prefrontal-parietal and the prefrontal-striatal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wen
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Junjuan Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jishui Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing, China
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15
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Solanes A, Radua J. Advances in Using MRI to Estimate the Risk of Future Outcomes in Mental Health - Are We Getting There? Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:fpsyt-13-826111. [PMID: 35492715 PMCID: PMC9039205 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.826111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Solanes
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Cobia D, Rich C, Smith MJ, Engel Gonzalez P, Cronenwett W, Csernansky JG, Wang L. Thalamic Shape Abnormalities Differentially Relate to Cognitive Performance in Early-Onset and Adult-Onset Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:803234. [PMID: 35479490 PMCID: PMC9035552 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.803234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) shares many biological and clinical features with adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS), but may represent a unique subgroup with greater susceptibility for disease onset and worsened symptomatology and progression, which could potentially derive from exaggerated neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Neurobiological explanations of schizophrenia have emphasized the involvement of deep-brain structures, particularly alterations of the thalamus, which have been linked to core features of the disorder. The aim of this study was to compare thalamic shape abnormalities between EOS and AOS subjects and determine whether unique behavioral profiles related to these differences. It was hypothesized abnormal thalamic shape would be observed in anterior, mediodorsal and pulvinar regions in both schizophrenia groups relative to control subjects, but exacerbated in EOS. Magnetic resonance T1-weighted images were collected from adult individuals with EOS (n = 28), AOS (n = 33), and healthy control subjects (n = 60), as well as collection of clinical and cognitive measures. Large deformation high-dimensional brain mapping was used to obtain three-dimensional surfaces of the thalamus. General linear models were used to compare groups on surface shape features, and Pearson correlations were used to examine relationships between thalamic shape and behavioral measures. Results revealed both EOS and AOS groups demonstrated significant abnormal shape of anterior, lateral and pulvinar thalamic regions relative to CON (all p < 0.007). Relative to AOS, EOS exhibited exacerbated abnormalities in posterior lateral, mediodorsal and lateral geniculate thalamic regions (p = 0.003). Thalamic abnormalities related to worse episodic memory in EOS (p = 0.03) and worse working memory (p = 0.047) and executive functioning (p = 0003) in AOS. Overall, findings suggest thalamic abnormalities are a prominent feature in both early- and late-onset schizophrenia, but exaggerated in EOS and have different brain-behavior profiles for each. The persistence of these abnormalities in adult EOS patients suggests they may represent markers of disrupted neurodevelopment that uniquely relate to the clinical and cognitive aspects of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derin Cobia
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Chaz Rich
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Matthew J Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pedro Engel Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Will Cronenwett
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - John G Csernansky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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17
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Westhoff MLS, Ladwig J, Heck J, Schülke R, Groh A, Deest M, Bleich S, Frieling H, Jahn K. Early Detection and Prevention of Schizophrenic Psychosis-A Review. Brain Sci 2021; 12:11. [PMID: 35053755 PMCID: PMC8774083 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotic disorders often run a chronic course and are associated with a considerable emotional and social impact for patients and their relatives. Therefore, early recognition, combined with the possibility of preventive intervention, is urgently warranted since the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) significantly determines the further course of the disease. In addition to established diagnostic tools, neurobiological factors in the development of schizophrenic psychoses are increasingly being investigated. It is shown that numerous molecular alterations already exist before the clinical onset of the disease. As schizophrenic psychoses are not elicited by a single mutation in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence, epigenetics likely constitute the missing link between environmental influences and disease development and could potentially serve as a biomarker. The results from transcriptomic and proteomic studies point to a dysregulated immune system, likely evoked by epigenetic alterations. Despite the increasing knowledge of the neurobiological mechanisms involved in the development of psychotic disorders, further research efforts with large population-based study designs are needed to identify suitable biomarkers. In conclusion, a combination of blood examinations, functional imaging techniques, electroencephalography (EEG) investigations and polygenic risk scores should be considered as the basis for predicting how subjects will transition into manifest psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lennart Schulze Westhoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Johannes Ladwig
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Johannes Heck
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Rasmus Schülke
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Adrian Groh
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Maximilian Deest
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Kirsten Jahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
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18
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Qi Y, Wei Y, Yu F, Lin Q, Yin J, Fu J, Xiong S, Lv D, Dai Z, Peng Q, Wang Y, Zhang D, Wang L, Ye X, Lin Z, Lin J, Ma G, Li K, Luo X. Association study of a genetic variant in the long intergenic noncoding RNA (linc01080) with schizophrenia in Han Chinese. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:613. [PMID: 34879837 PMCID: PMC8653569 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is currently considered to be a polygene-related disease with unknown etiology. This research will verify whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the long intergenic noncoding RNA01080 (linc01080) contributes to the susceptibility and phenotypic heterogeneity of schizophrenia, with a view to providing data support for the prevention and individualized treatment of this disease. METHOD The SNP rs7990916 in linc01080 were genotyped in 1139 schizophrenic and 1039 controls in a Southern Chinese Han population by the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (imLDR) technique. Meanwhile, we assessed and analyzed the association between this SNP and schizophrenics' clinical symptoms, and the cognitive function. RESULT There was no significant difference in genotype distribution, allele frequency distribution, gender stratification analysis between the two groups. However, the SNP of rs7990916 was significantly associated with the age of onset in patients with schizophrenia (P = 8.22E-07), patients with T allele had earlier onset age compared with CC genotype carriers. In terms of cognitive function, patients with T allele scored lower than CC genotype carriers in the Tower of London score and symbol coding score in the Brief assessment of Cognition (BACS), and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.014, P = 0.022, respectively). CONCLUSION Our data show for the first time that linc01080 polymorphism may affect the age of onset and neurocognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qi
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023 China
| | - Yaxue Wei
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China ,grid.410652.40000 0004 6003 7358Psychiatric and Psychological Clinical Rehabilitation Center, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Fengyan Yu
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078The Second Clinical School, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Qianxing Lin
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023 China
| | - Jingwen Yin
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Jiawu Fu
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Susu Xiong
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Dong Lv
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Zhun Dai
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Qian Peng
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Ying Wang
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Lulu Wang
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Xiaoqing Ye
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Zhixiong Lin
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Juda Lin
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Guoda Ma
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Maternal and Children’s Health Research Institute, Shunde Maternal and Children’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300 China
| | - Keshen Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. .,Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Xudong Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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19
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Schultze-Lutter F, Kindler J, Ambarini TK, Michel C. Positive psychotic symptoms in childhood and adolescence. Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 45:101287. [PMID: 35016089 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Based on the assumption of a universal neurodevelopmental model of psychosis, especially of the schizophrenia spectrum, the diagnosis (and treatment) of psychosis in minors commonly follows those in adults. Yet, as our review demonstrates, recent years have seen an emergence of studies of minors indicating that developmental aspects may play a crucial role in the prevalence and appraisal of diagnostically relevant positive psychotic symptoms in their full-blown and subthreshold forms, including neurobiogenetic and other risk factors, such as migration. Thus, caution is advised to not overpathologize potentially transient and clinically irrelevant occurrence of (subthreshold) positive psychotic symptoms in the diagnosis and treatment of psychotic disorders and their clinical high-risk states in minors. More studies on developmental aspects are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstraße 2, 40470 Düsseldorf, Germany; University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bolligenstr, 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Airlangga 4-6, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia.
| | - Jochen Kindler
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bolligenstr, 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland
| | - Tri Kurniati Ambarini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Airlangga 4-6, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Chantal Michel
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bolligenstr, 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland
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20
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Andreou D, Jørgensen KN, Nerland S, Smelror RE, Wedervang-Resell K, Johannessen CH, Myhre AM, Andreassen OA, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Agartz I. Lower plasma total tau in adolescent psychosis: Involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 144:255-261. [PMID: 34700214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is thought to be a neurodevelopmental disorder with neuronal migration, differentiation and maturation disturbances. Tau is a microtubule-associated protein with a crucial role in these processes. Lower circulating tau levels have been reported in adults with schizophrenia, but this association has not been investigated in adolescent psychosis. We aimed to test the hypotheses that a) adolescents with early-onset psychosis (EOP; age of onset <18 years) display lower plasma tau concentrations compared to healthy controls, and b) among patients with psychosis, tau levels are linked to structural brain measures associated with the microtubule-associated tau (MAPT) gene and psychosis. We included 37 adolescent patients with EOP (mean age 16.4 years) and 59 adolescent healthy controls (mean age 16.2 years). We investigated putative patient-control differences in plasma total tau concentrations measured by a Single molecule array (Simoa) immunoassay. We explored the correlations between tau and selected structural brain measures based on T1-weighted MRI scans processed in FreeSurfer v6.0. We found significantly lower plasma tau concentrations in patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.017, partial eta-squared = 0.061). Tau was not associated with antipsychotic use or the antipsychotic dosage. Among patients but not healthy controls, tau levels were positively correlated with the cortical orbitofrontal surface area (p = 0.013, R-squared = 0.24). The results are suggestive of a tau-related neurodevelopmental disturbance in adolescent psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Andreou
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stener Nerland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Runar Elle Smelror
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten Wedervang-Resell
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cecilie Haggag Johannessen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Margrethe Myhre
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Wen K, Zhao Y, Gong Q, Zhu Z, Li Q, Pan N, Fu S, Radua J, Vieta E, Kumar P, Kemp GJ, Biswal BB. Cortical thickness abnormalities in patients with first episode psychosis: a meta-analysis of psychoradiologic studies and replication in an independent sample. PSYCHORADIOLOGY 2021; 1:185-198. [PMID: 35156043 PMCID: PMC8826222 DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities of cortical thickness (CTh) in patients with their first episode psychosis (FEP) have been frequently reported, but findings are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE To define the most consistent CTh changes in patients with FEP by meta-analysis of published whole-brain studies. METHODS The meta-analysis used seed-based d mapping (SDM) software to obtain the most prominent regional CTh changes in FEP, and meta-regression analyses to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics. The meta-analysis results were verified in an independent sample of 142 FEP patients and 142 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs), using both a vertex-wise and a region of interest analysis, with multiple comparisons correction. RESULTS The meta-analysis identified lower CTh in the right middle temporal cortex (MTC) extending to superior temporal cortex (STC), insula, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in FEP compared with HCs. No significant correlations were identified between CTh alterations and demographic or clinical variables. These results were replicated in the independent dataset analysis. CONCLUSION This study identifies a robust pattern of cortical abnormalities in FEP and extends understanding of gray matter abnormalities and pathological mechanisms in FEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Wen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Youjin Zhao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiqin Fu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Barcelona 08036, Catalonia, Spain
- Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna 171-77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Barcelona 08036, Catalonia, Spain
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders and Depressive Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Poornima Kumar
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont 02478, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Graham J Kemp
- Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Bharat B Biswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark 07102, NJ, USA
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
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22
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Mattoni M, Wilson S, Olino TM. Identifying profiles of brain structure and associations with current and future psychopathology in youth. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 51:101013. [PMID: 34555784 PMCID: PMC8461345 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain structure is often studied as a marker of youth psychopathology by examining associations between volume or thickness of individual regions and specific diagnoses. However, these univariate approaches do not address whether the effect of a particular region may depend on the structure of other regions. Here, we identified subgroups of individuals with distinct profiles of brain structure and examined how these profiles were associated with concurrent and future youth psychopathology. We used latent profile analysis to identify distinct neuroanatomical profiles of subcortical region volume and orbitofrontal cortical thickness in the ABCD study (N = 9376, mean age = 9.91, SD = 0.62). We identified a five-profile solution consisting of a reduced subcortical volume profile, a reduced orbitofrontal thickness profile, a reduced limbic and elevated striatal volume profile, an elevated orbitofrontal thickness and reduced striatal volume profile, and an elevated orbitofrontal thickness and subcortical volume profile. While controlling for age, sex, and intracranial volume, profiles exhibited differences in concurrent psychopathology measured dimensionally and categorically and in psychopathology at 1-year follow-up measured dimensionally. Results show that profiles of brain structure have incremental validity for associations with youth psychopathology beyond intracranial volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Mattoni
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| | - Sylia Wilson
- University of Minnesota, Institute of Child Development, 1 E River Rd, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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23
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MRI-Based Markers of Changes in the Supragranular Cortical Layer in Individuals at Clinically High Risk of Endogenous Psychosis. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 171:483-488. [PMID: 34553301 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed morphometric MRI parameters indirectly attesting to structural changes in the supragranular layer in 33 non-converted individuals at clinical high risk for endogenous psychosis (follow-up period of 6.7±0.6 years) and in 34 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. In the group of clinical high-risk individuals, changes indicative of potential predominance of supragranular thinning in comparison with a decrease of infragranular cortical layer thickness were revealed. The results are discussed in the context of the concepts of resilience and risk markers of developing endogenous psychosis.
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24
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Early magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Toward a fetal imaging perspective. Dev Psychopathol 2021; 33:899-913. [PMID: 32489161 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579420000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is mounting evidence to implicate the intrauterine environment as the initial pathogenic stage for neuropsychiatric disease. Recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging technology are making a multimodal analysis of the fetal central nervous system a reality, allowing analysis of structural and functional parameters. Exposures to a range of pertinent risk factors whether preconception or in utero can now be indexed using imaging techniques within the fetus' physiological environment. This approach may determine the first "hit" required for diseases that do not become clinically manifest until adulthood, and which only have subtle clinical markers during childhood and adolescence. A robust characterization of a "multi-hit" hypothesis may necessitate a longitudinal birth cohort; within this investigative paradigm, the full range of genetic and environmental risk factors can be assessed for their impact on the early developing brain. This will lay the foundation for the identification of novel biomarkers and the ability to devise methods for early risk stratification and disease prevention. However, these early markers must be followed over time: first, to account for neural plasticity, and second, to assess the effects of postnatal exposures that continue to drive the individual toward disease. We explore these issues using the schizophrenia spectrum disorders as an illustrative paradigm. However, given the potential richness of fetal magnetic resonance imaging, and the likely overlap of biomarkers, these concepts may extend to a range of neuropsychiatric conditions.
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25
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Smaller subcortical volumes and enlarged lateral ventricles are associated with higher global functioning in young adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome with prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2021; 301:113979. [PMID: 33993037 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a developmental genetic syndrome associated with a 30% risk for developing schizophrenia. Lateral ventricles and subcortical structures are abnormal in this syndrome as well as in schizophrenia. Here, we investigated whether these structures are related in young adults with 22q11DS with and without prodromal symptoms (PS) for schizophrenia and whether abnormalities in volumes are associated with global functioning. MR images were acquired on a 3T scanner from 51 individuals with 22q11DS and 30 healthy controls (mean age: 21±2 years). Correlations were performed to evaluate the relationship between ventricular and subcortical volumes, with Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) in each group. Lateral ventricular volumes correlated negatively with subcortical volumes in individuals with 22q11DS. In individuals with 22q11DS with PS only, GAF correlated positively with volumes of the lateral ventricles and negatively with subcortical volumes. PAS correlated negatively with lateral ventricle volumes, and positively with volumes of subcortical structures. The results suggest a common neurodevelopmental mechanism related to the growth of these brain structures. Further, the ratio between the volumes and clinical measures could potentially be used to characterize individuals with 22q11DS and those from the general population for the risk of the development of schizophrenia.
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Guo H, Xiao Y, Sun D, Yang J, Wang J, Wang H, Pan C, Li C, Zhao P, Zhang Y, Wu J, Zhang X, Wang F. Early-Stage Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Altered Posterior-Anterior Cerebrum Effective Connectivity in Methylazoxymethanol Acetate Rats. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:652715. [PMID: 34093113 PMCID: PMC8176023 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.652715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was to investigate the potential mechanism of schizophrenia through the posterior-anterior cerebrum imbalance in methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) rats and to evaluate the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as an early-stage intervention. The rats were divided into four groups: the MAM-sham group, vehicle-sham group, MAM-rTMS group, and vehicle-rTMS group. The rTMS treatment was targeted in the visual cortex (VC) in adolescent rats. Granger Causality Analysis (GCA) was used to evaluate the effective connectivity between regions of interest. Results demonstrated a critical right VC-nucleus accumbens (Acb)-orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) pathway in MAM rats; significant differences of effective connectivity (EC) were found between MAM-sham and vehicle-sham groups (from Acb shell to OFC: t = -2.553, p = 0.021), MAM-rTMS and MAM-sham groups (from VC to Acb core: t = -2.206, p = 0.043; from Acb core to OFC: t = 4.861, p < 0.001; from Acb shell to OFC: t = 4.025, p = 0.001), and MAM-rTMS and vehicle-rTMS groups (from VC to Acb core: t = -2.482, p = 0.025; from VC to Acb shell: t = -2.872, p = 0.012; from Acb core to OFC: t = 4.066, p = 0.001; from Acb shell to OFC: t = 3.458, p = 0.004) in the right hemisphere. Results of the early-stage rTMS intervention revealed that right nucleus accumbens played the role as a central hub, and VC was a potentially novel rTMS target region during adolescent schizophrenia. Moreover, the EC of right nucleus accumbens shell and orbitofrontal cortex was demonstrated to be a potential biomarker. To our knowledge, this was the first resting-state fMRI study using GCA to assess the deficits of a visual-reward neural pathway and the effectiveness of rTMS treatment in MAM rats. More randomized controlled trials in both animal models and schizophrenia patients are needed to further elucidate the disease characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunyu Pan
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, The Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), University of Alberta, Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Jinfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan, China
| | - Xizhe Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Del Re EC, Stone WS, Bouix S, Seitz J, Zeng V, Guliano A, Somes N, Zhang T, Reid B, Lyall A, Lyons M, Li H, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Keshavan M, Seidman LJ, McCarley RW, Wang J, Tang Y, Shenton ME, Niznikiewicz MA. Baseline Cortical Thickness Reductions in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Brain Regions Associated with Conversion to Psychosis Versus Non-Conversion as Assessed at One-Year Follow-Up in the Shanghai-At-Risk-for-Psychosis (SHARP) Study. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:562-574. [PMID: 32926141 PMCID: PMC8480195 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) of frontal, temporal, and parietal brain regions in a large clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) sample, and to identify cortical brain abnormalities in CHR who convert to psychosis and in the whole CHR sample, compared with the healthy controls (HC). METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging, clinical, and cognitive data were acquired at baseline in 92 HC, 130 non-converters, and 22 converters (conversion assessed at 1-year follow-up). CT and SA at baseline were calculated for frontal, temporal, and parietal subregions. Correlations between regions showing group differences and clinical scores and age were also obtained. RESULTS CT but not SA was significantly reduced in CHR compared with HC. Two patterns of findings emerged: (1) In converters, CT was significantly reduced relative to non-converters and controls in the banks of superior temporal sulcus, Heschl's gyrus, and pars triangularis and (2) CT in the inferior parietal and supramarginal gyrus, and at trend level in the pars opercularis, fusiform, and middle temporal gyri was significantly reduced in all high-risk individuals compared with HC. Additionally, reduced CT correlated significantly with older age in HC and in non-converters but not in converters. CONCLUSIONS These results show for the first time that fronto-temporo-parietal abnormalities characterized all CHR, that is, both converters and non-converters, relative to HC, while CT abnormalities in converters relative to CHR-NC and HC were found in core auditory and language processing regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta C Del Re
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston
Healthcare System, Brockton Division, and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA
| | - William S Stone
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA
| | - Johanna Seitz
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA
| | - Victor Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anthony Guliano
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nathaniel Somes
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, SHARP
Program, Shanghai China
| | - Benjamin Reid
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA
| | - Amanda Lyall
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Monica Lyons
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Huijun Li
- Florida A&M University, Department of Psychology,
Tallahassee, FL
| | | | - Matcheri Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Larry J Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Robert W McCarley
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston
Healthcare System, Brockton Division, and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, SHARP
Program, Shanghai China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, SHARP
Program, Shanghai China
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Research and Development, VA Boston Healthcare System,
Boston, MA
| | - Margaret A Niznikiewicz
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston
Healthcare System, Brockton Division, and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed; e-mail:
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Are Schizophrenic disorders with or without early cannabis use neurobiologically distinct disease entities? A meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies. Psychiatry Res 2021; 297:113731. [PMID: 33493730 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis use is considered an important risk factor for the development of psychotic illness and is associated with worse outcomes of the disorder. This study aimed to determine through a meta-analytic approach whether patients at the onset of schizophrenia with comorbid cannabis use (SCH CU+) show a different pattern of brain abnormalities as compared to patients with no comorbid cannabis use (SCH CU-). Ten Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies were identified as suitable for analysis leading to the inclusion of n= 465 patients with schizophrenia (n= 227 SCH CU+ and n= 238 SCH CU-) and n= 366 healthy controls. Compared to healthy controls, both SCH CU+ and SCH CU- patients showed reduction of whole brain, total grey matter and hippocampal volumes. The direct comparison of SCH CU+ and SCH CU- patients, including up to 5 independent studies, did not demonstrate significant differences of brain volumes between the two groups even though total and regional grey matter volume deficits were more prominent in SCH CU+ patients. The available literature data indicate that, essentially, there is an overlap of brain abnormalities in SCH CU+ and SCH CU- patients at the onset of schizophrenia. The common vs specific trajectories of brain pathomorphology in SCH CU+ and SCH CU- patients are discussed.
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Haatveit B, Mørch-Johnsen L, Alnæs D, Engen MJ, Lyngstad SH, Færden A, Agartz I, Ueland T, Melle I. Divergent relationship between brain structure and cognitive functioning in patients with prominent negative symptomatology. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 307:111233. [PMID: 33340940 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Investigating commonalities in underlying pathology of cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms in schizophrenia is important, as both are core features of the disorder and linked to brain structure abnormalities. We aimed to explore the relationship between cognition, negative symptoms and brain structure in schizophrenia. A total of 225 patients with Schizophrenia spectrum disorder and 283 healthy controls from the Norwegian Thematically Organized Psychosis (TOP) cohort were included in this study. Patients were categorized into four patient subgroups based on severity of negative symptoms: no-negative- (NNS), threshold-negative- (TNS), moderate-negative- (MNS), and prominent-negative (PNS) subgroups. MRI measures of brain volume, mean cortical thickness and surface area from pre-selected brain regions were tested for relationships with general cognitive ability and negative symptom subgroups. Positive associations were found between brain volume, thickness, surface area and cognition in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), fusiform gyrus (FG) and the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), but with no differences between subgroups. In the PNS subgroup, cognition was conversely negatively associated with brain volume in the left ACC. These results indicate that patients with prominent negative symptoms have different associations between cognition and brain structure in the left ACC, which may point to abnormal neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beathe Haatveit
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Lynn Mørch-Johnsen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Graalum, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnus Johan Engen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv Hege Lyngstad
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann Færden
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Acute Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0319 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torill Ueland
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Grey-matter abnormalities in clinical high-risk participants for psychosis. Schizophr Res 2020; 226:120-128. [PMID: 31740178 PMCID: PMC7774586 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the presence of abnormalities in cortical grey-matter (GM) in a sample of clinical high-risk (CHR) participants and examined relationships with psychosocial functioning and neurocognition. CHR-participants (n = 114), participants who did not fulfil CHR-criteria (CHR-negative) (n = 39) as well as a group of healthy controls (HC) (n = 49) were recruited. CHR-status was assessed using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State (CAARMS) and the Schizophrenia Proneness Interview, Adult Version (SPI-A). The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia Battery (BACS) as well as tests for emotion recognition, working memory and attention were administered. In addition, role and social functioning as well as premorbid adjustment were assessed. No significant differences in GM-thickness and intensity were observed in CHR-participants compared to CHR-negative and HC. Circumscribed abnormalities in GM-intensity were found in the visual and frontal cortex of CHR-participants. Moreover, small-to-moderate correlations were observed between GM-intensity and neuropsychological deficits in the CHR-group. The current data suggest that CHR-participants may not show comprehensive abnormalities in GM. We discuss the implications of these findings for the pathophysiological theories of early stage-psychosis as well as methodological issues and the impact of different recruitment strategies.
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31
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Passchier RV, Stein DJ, Uhlmann A, van der Merwe C, Dalvie S. Schizophrenia Polygenic Risk and Brain Structural Changes in Methamphetamine-Associated Psychosis in a South African Population. Front Genet 2020; 11:1018. [PMID: 33133134 PMCID: PMC7566162 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genetic architecture of psychotic disorders is complex, with hundreds of genetic risk loci contributing to a polygenic model of disease. Overlap in the genetics of psychotic disorders and brain measures has been found in European populations, but has not been explored in populations of African ancestry. The aim of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between a schizophrenia-derived PRS and (i) methamphetamine associated psychosis (MAP), and (ii) brain structural measures, in a South African population. Methods The study sample consisted of three participant groups: 31 individuals with MAP, 48 with apsychotic methamphetamine dependence, and 49 healthy controls. Using PRSice, PRS was generated for each of the participants with GWAS summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Schizophrenia working group (PGC-SCZ2) as the discovery dataset. Regression analyses were performed to determine associations of PRS, with diagnosis, whole brain, and regional gray and white matter measures. Results Schizophrenia-derived PRS did not significantly predict MAP diagnosis. After correction for multiple testing, no significant associations were found between PRS and brain measures across all groups. Discussion The lack of significant associations here may indicate that the study is underpowered, that brain volumes in MAP are due to factors other than polygenic risk for schizophrenia, or that PRS derived from a largely European discovery set has limited utility in individuals of African ancestry. Larger studies, that include diverse populations, and more nuanced brain measures, may help elucidate the relationship between schizophrenia-PRS, brain structural changes, and psychosis. Conclusion This research presents the first PRS study to investigate shared genetic effects across psychotic disorders and brain structural measures in an African population. Ancestrally comparable discovery datasets may be useful for future African genetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth V Passchier
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dan J Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Celia van der Merwe
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Rodrigues-Amorim D, Rivera-Baltanás T, Del Carmen Vallejo-Curto M, Rodriguez-Jamardo C, de Las Heras E, Barreiro-Villar C, Blanco-Formoso M, Fernández-Palleiro P, Álvarez-Ariza M, López M, García-Caballero A, Olivares JM, Spuch C. Plasma β-III tubulin, neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein are associated with neurodegeneration and progression in schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14271. [PMID: 32868793 PMCID: PMC7459108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a progressive disorder characterized by multiple psychotic relapses. After every relapse, patients may not fully recover, and this may lead to a progressive loss of functionality. Pharmacological treatment represents a key factor to minimize the biological, psychological and psychosocial impact of the disorder. The number of relapses and the duration of psychotic episodes induce a potential neuronal damage and subsequently, neurodegenerative processes. Thus, a comparative study was performed, including forty healthy controls and forty-two SZ patients divided into first-episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic SZ (CSZ) subgroups, where the CSZ sub group was subdivided by antipsychotic treatment. In order to measure the potential neuronal damage, plasma levels of β-III tubulin, neurofilament light chain (Nf-L), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were performed. The results revealed that the levels of these proteins were increased in the SZ group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, multiple comparison analysis showed highly significant levels of β-III tubulin (P = 0.0002), Nf-L (P = 0.0403) and GFAP (P < 0.015) in the subgroup of CSZ clozapine-treated. In conclusion, β-III tubulin, Nf-L and GFAP proteins may be potential biomarkers of neurodegeneration and progression in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rodrigues-Amorim
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanás
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Vallejo-Curto
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Cynthia Rodriguez-Jamardo
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Elena de Las Heras
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Carolina Barreiro-Villar
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Blanco-Formoso
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Palleiro
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Álvarez-Ariza
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta López
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Olivares
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain.
- Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute - IISGS, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Carlos Spuch
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain.
- Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute - IISGS, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212, Vigo, Spain.
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Zhang W, Lei D, Keedy SK, Ivleva EI, Eum S, Yao L, Tamminga CA, Clementz BA, Keshavan MS, Pearlson GD, Gershon ES, Bishop JR, Gong Q, Lui S, Sweeney JA. Brain gray matter network organization in psychotic disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:666-674. [PMID: 31812151 PMCID: PMC7021697 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal neuroanatomic brain networks have been reported in schizophrenia, but their characterization across patients with psychotic disorders, and their potential alterations in nonpsychotic relatives, remain to be clarified. Participants recruited by the Bipolar and Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes consortium included 326 probands with psychotic disorders (107 with schizophrenia (SZ), 87 with schizoaffective disorder (SAD), 132 with psychotic bipolar disorder (BD)), 315 of their nonpsychotic first-degree relatives and 202 healthy controls. Single-subject gray matter graphs were extracted from structural MRI scans, and whole-brain neuroanatomic organization was compared across the participant groups. Compared with healthy controls, psychotic probands showed decreased nodal efficiency mainly in bilateral superior temporal regions. These regions had altered morphological relationships primarily with frontal lobe regions, and their network-level alterations were associated with positive symptoms of psychosis. Nonpsychotic relatives showed lower nodal centrality metrics in the prefrontal cortex and subcortical regions, and higher nodal centrality metrics in the left cingulate cortex and left thalamus. Diagnosis-specific analysis indicated that individuals with SZ had lower nodal efficiency in bilateral superior temporal regions than controls, probands with SAD only exhibited lower nodal efficiency in the left superior and middle temporal gyrus, and individuals with psychotic BD did not show significant differences from healthy controls. Our findings provide novel evidence of clinically relevant disruptions in the anatomic association of the superior temporal lobe with other regions of whole-brain networks in patients with psychotic disorders, but not in their unaffected relatives, suggesting that it is a disease-related trait. Network disorganization primarily involving frontal lobe and subcortical regions in nonpsychotic relatives may be related to familial illness risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Du Lei
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sarah K Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elena I Ivleva
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Seenae Eum
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Li Yao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elliot S Gershon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bishop
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - John A Sweeney
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Kaleda VG, Bozjko OV, Akhadov TA, Tomyshev AS, Tikhonov DV, Lebedeva IS, Savvateeva NY. [Neuroanatomical brain profile of juvenile shiftlike schizophrenia: morphometry of grey matter in the prefrontal cortex and subcortical structures]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 119:7-11. [PMID: 31626164 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20191190817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine neuroanatomical peculiarities of grey matter in some regions of the prefrontal cortex and several subcortical structures in patients with juvenile shift like schizophrenia (F20 ICD-10). MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-three young male patients and 54 mentally healthy men without family history of mental diseases underwent structural MRI with T1 high resolution images. RESULTS As compared to mentally healthy subjects, there was a decrease of grey matter thickness in all tested regions of the prefrontal cortex in patients. No between-group differences in subcortical structures volumes were found. No correlations between structural changes and psychopathological symptoms were observed. CONCLUSION Structural abnormalities of the frontal lobes in juvenile shift like schizophrenia are not associated with severity of psychopathological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Kaleda
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Bozjko
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - T A Akhadov
- Research Institute of emergency child surgery and traumatology, Moscow, Russia
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Sawada T, Chater TE, Sasagawa Y, Yoshimura M, Fujimori-Tonou N, Tanaka K, Benjamin KJM, Paquola ACM, Erwin JA, Goda Y, Nikaido I, Kato T. Developmental excitation-inhibition imbalance underlying psychoses revealed by single-cell analyses of discordant twins-derived cerebral organoids. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2695-2711. [PMID: 32764691 PMCID: PMC7577852 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive genetic and neuroimaging studies, detailed cellular mechanisms underlying schizophrenia and bipolar disorder remain poorly understood. Recent progress in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies enables identification of cell-type-specific pathophysiology. However, its application to psychiatric disorders is challenging because of methodological difficulties in analyzing human brains and the confounds due to a lifetime of illness. Brain organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of the patients are a powerful avenue to investigate the pathophysiological processes. Here, we generated iPSC-derived cerebral organoids from monozygotic twins discordant for psychosis. scRNA-seq analysis of the organoids revealed enhanced GABAergic specification and reduced cell proliferation following diminished Wnt signaling in the patient, which was confirmed in iPSC-derived forebrain neuronal cells. Two additional monozygotic twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia also confirmed the excess GABAergic specification of the patients' neural progenitor cells. With a well-controlled genetic background, our data suggest that unbalanced specification of excitatory and inhibitory neurons during cortical development underlies psychoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyo Sawada
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan. .,Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Thomas E. Chater
- grid.474690.8Laboratory for Synaptic Plasticity and Connectivity, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - Yohei Sasagawa
- grid.508743.dLaboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - Mika Yoshimura
- grid.508743.dLaboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - Noriko Fujimori-Tonou
- grid.474690.8Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- grid.508743.dLaboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - Kynon J. M. Benjamin
- grid.429552.dLieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Apuã C. M. Paquola
- grid.429552.dLieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Jennifer A. Erwin
- grid.429552.dLieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Yukiko Goda
- grid.474690.8Laboratory for Synaptic Plasticity and Connectivity, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - Itoshi Nikaido
- grid.508743.dLaboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama Japan ,grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Functional Genome Informatics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo Japan ,grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Master’s/Doctoral Program in Life Science Innovation (Bioinformatics), Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Quarmley M, Gur RC, Turetsky BI, Watters AJ, Bilker WB, Elliott MA, Calkins ME, Kohler CG, Ruparel K, Rupert P, Gur RE, Wolf DH. Reduced safety processing during aversive social conditioning in psychosis and clinical risk. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:2247-2253. [PMID: 31112989 PMCID: PMC6898578 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Social impairment occurs across the psychosis spectrum, but its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that reduced differential responses (aversive vs. neutral) in neural circuitry underpinning aversive conditioning of social stimuli characterizes the psychosis spectrum. Participants age 10-30 included a healthy control group (HC, analyzed n = 36) and a psychosis spectrum group (PSY, n = 71), including 49 at clinical risk for psychosis and 22 with a frank psychotic disorder. 3T fMRI utilized a passive aversive conditioning paradigm, with neutral faces as conditioned stimuli (CS) and a scream as the unconditioned stimulus. fMRI conditioning was indexed as the activation difference between aversive and neutral trials. Analysis focused on amygdala, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior insula, regions previously implicated in aversive and social-emotional processing. Ventromedial prefrontal cortex activated more to neutral than aversive CS; this "safety effect" was driven by HC and reduced in PSY, and correlated with subjective emotional ratings following conditioning. Insula showed the expected aversive conditioning effect, and although no group differences were found, its activation in PSY correlated with anxiety severity. Unexpectedly, amygdala did not show aversive conditioning; its activation trended greater for neutral than aversive CS, and did not differ significantly based on group or symptom severity. We conclude that abnormalities in social aversive conditioning are present across the psychosis spectrum including clinical risk, linked to a failure of safety processing. Aversive and safety learning provide translational paradigms yielding insight into pathophysiology of psychosis risk, and providing potential targets for therapeutic and preventative interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Quarmley
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Bruce I. Turetsky
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Anna J. Watters
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Warren B. Bilker
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Mark A. Elliott
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Monica E. Calkins
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Christian G. Kohler
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Petra Rupert
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Daniel H. Wolf
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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Do cognitive and neuropsychological functioning deficits coincide with hippocampal alteration during first-psychotic episode? CNS Spectr 2019; 24:472-478. [PMID: 30507369 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852918001293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies shown that structural hippocampal alterations are present in subjects at high risk of developing psychosis or schizophrenia. These findings indicate that in a subset of patients undergoing first-psychosis episode (FPE), hippocampal volume alterations are accompanied by associated cognitive and neuropsychological deficits. The combination of psychological deficits and neuroanatomical alterations, in turn, appears to increase treatment complexity and worsen clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aim to determine whether cognitive and neuropsychological functioning deficits precede or follow hippocampal alterations during early onset psychosis. METHODS This cross-sectional study describes 3 case-studies of adolescent subjects, ages 16-17, admitted at the child and adolescent inpatient psychiatric unit in lieu of first psychotic episode. We conducted detailed structured clinical psychiatric interviews, anatomical-structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), sleep-deprived electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings, laboratory testing, and a comprehensive battery of psychological testing to better understand their clinical pictures. RESULTS Psychological testing in each patient demonstrated the presence of low to borderline intellectual functioning coupled with neuropsychological deficits in different psychiatric domains. Interestingly, these changes coincided with structural MRI alterations in the hippocampal area. CONCLUSIONS Our case report adds to the armamentarium of literature signifying that radiologically detectable alterations of the hippocampus may occur either concomitantly or closely following the development of early cognitive deficits in patients with FPE.
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Romain K, Eriksson A, Onyon R, Kumar M. The psychosis risk timeline: can we improve our preventive strategies? Part 3: primary common pathways and preventive strategies. BJPSYCH ADVANCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1192/bja.2019.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYPsychosis is a recognised feature of several psychiatric disorders and it causes patients significant distress and morbidity. It is therefore important to keep knowledge of possible risk factors for psychosis up to date and to have an overview model on which further learning can be structured. This article concludes a three-part series. It gives a review of evidence regarding common pathways by which many risk factors come together to influence the development of psychosis and finalises our suggested overview model, a psychosis risk timeline. The three primary pathways considered are based on the major themes identified in this narrative review of recent literature and they focus on neurological, neurochemical and inflammatory changes. We link each back to the factors discussed in the first and second parts of this series that alter psychosis risk through different mechanisms and at different stages throughout life. We then consider and summarise key aspects of this complex topic with the aim of providing current and future clinicians with a model on which to build their knowledge and begin to access and understand current psychosis research and implications for future preventive work.LEARNING OBJECTIVESAfter reading this article you will be able to:
•give an overview of common pathways thought to link identified risk factors with psychosis development•understand neurochemical, neurostructural and inflammatory changes associated with psychosis•demonstrate increased knowledge of possible preventive strategies.DECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.
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Popov MM, Pluzhnikov IV, Kaleda VG. [Procognitive effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the light of neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:120-126. [PMID: 31089106 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2019119031120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a relatively new method of non-invasive therapy of mental and neurological diseases that has great potential of therapeutic and diagnostic application. In schizophrenia, TMS may exert a positive effect on cognitive deficit. However this issue remains open. The authors analyze recent studies focused on the dynamics of neurocognitive deficit in TMS therapy and consider clinical effects of TMS in schizophrenia. The analysis has shown that TMS is successfully implemented in treatment of auditory positive symptoms and studies on its effect on negative symptoms of schizophrenia are perspective. Procognitive effect was found in working memory domain, and partially in perception domain within the perception of faces and facial expressions. The data on regulative functions, attention, speech, and nondeclarative memory remains controversial. It has been concluded that further research is needed to clarify the place of TMS in schizophrenia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Popov
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - V G Kaleda
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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40
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Tomyshev AS, Lebedeva IS, Akhadov TA, Omelchenko MA, Rumyantsev AO, Kaleda VG. Alterations in white matter microstructure and cortical thickness in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis: A multimodal tractography and surface-based morphometry study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 289:26-36. [PMID: 31132567 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence of white matter (WM) and grey matter pathology in subjects at ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR), although a limited number of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) studies have revealed anatomically inconsistent results. The present multimodal study applies tractography and SBM to analyze WM microstructure, whole-brain cortical anatomy, and potential interconnections between WM and grey matter abnormalities in UHR subjects. Thirty young male UHR patients and 30 healthy controls underwent DW-MRI and T1-weighted MRI. Fractional anisotropy; mean, radial, and axial diffusivity in 18 WM tracts; and vertex-based cortical thickness, area, and volume were analyzed. We found increased radial diffusivity in the left anterior thalamic radiation and reduced bilateral thickness across the frontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. No correlations between WM and grey matter abnormalities were identified. These results provide further evidence that WM microstructure abnormalities and cortical anatomical changes occur in the UHR state. Disruption of structural connectivity in the prefrontal-subcortical circuitry, likely caused by myelin pathology, and cortical thickness reduction affecting the networks presumably involved in processing and coordination of external and internal information streams may underlie the widespread deficits in neurocognitive and social functioning that are consistently reported in UHR subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Tomyshev
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis, Mental Health Research Center, 34 Kashirskoe shosse, 115522 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Irina S Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis, Mental Health Research Center, 34 Kashirskoe shosse, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tolibdzhon A Akhadov
- Department of Radiology, Children's Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Surgery and Trauma, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Omelchenko
- Department of Endogenous Mental Disorders, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey O Rumyantsev
- Department of Endogenous Mental Disorders, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy G Kaleda
- Department of Endogenous Mental Disorders, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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Acar E, Schenker C, Levin-Schwartz Y, Calhoun VD, Adali T. Unraveling Diagnostic Biomarkers of Schizophrenia Through Structure-Revealing Fusion of Multi-Modal Neuroimaging Data. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:416. [PMID: 31130835 PMCID: PMC6509223 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusing complementary information from different modalities can lead to the discovery of more accurate diagnostic biomarkers for psychiatric disorders. However, biomarker discovery through data fusion is challenging since it requires extracting interpretable and reproducible patterns from data sets, consisting of shared/unshared patterns and of different orders. For example, multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) signals from multiple subjects can be represented as a third-order tensor with modes: subject, time, and channel, while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data may be in the form of subject by voxel matrices. Traditional data fusion methods rearrange higher-order tensors, such as EEG, as matrices to use matrix factorization-based approaches. In contrast, fusion methods based on coupled matrix and tensor factorizations (CMTF) exploit the potential multi-way structure of higher-order tensors. The CMTF approach has been shown to capture underlying patterns more accurately without imposing strong constraints on the latent neural patterns, i.e., biomarkers. In this paper, EEG, fMRI, and structural MRI (sMRI) data collected during an auditory oddball task (AOD) from a group of subjects consisting of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, are arranged as matrices and higher-order tensors coupled along the subject mode, and jointly analyzed using structure-revealing CMTF methods [also known as advanced CMTF (ACMTF)] focusing on unique identification of underlying patterns in the presence of shared/unshared patterns. We demonstrate that joint analysis of the EEG tensor and fMRI matrix using ACMTF reveals significant and biologically meaningful components in terms of differentiating between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls while also providing spatial patterns with high resolution and improving the clustering performance compared to the analysis of only the EEG tensor. We also show that these patterns are reproducible, and study reproducibility for different model parameters. In comparison to the joint independent component analysis (jICA) data fusion approach, ACMTF provides easier interpretation of EEG data by revealing a single summary map of the topography for each component. Furthermore, fusion of sMRI data with EEG and fMRI through an ACMTF model provides structural patterns; however, we also show that when fusing data sets from multiple modalities, hence of very different nature, preprocessing plays a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Acar
- Machine Intelligence Department, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carla Schenker
- Machine Intelligence Department, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yuri Levin-Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Tülay Adali
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Reframing schizophrenia and autism as bodily self-consciousness disorders leading to a deficit of theory of mind and empathy with social communication impairments. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 103:401-413. [PMID: 31029711 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prior observations and studies suggest self-consciousness disorders in schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), two neurodevelopmental disorders sharing social communication impairments. First, the relationships between schizophrenia and autism are explored regarding social communication impairments. Then, self-consciousness disorders in schizophrenia and autism are described and discussed in relation with impairments of body self leading to impairments of self-other differentiation, a deficit of theory of mind and empathy, and their consequences on social communication. Also, neurological dysfunction involved possibly in self-consciousness disorders in schizophrenia and autism is presented. In conclusion, a new model is proposed integrating results of studies presented here and stating the existence of bodily self-consciousness disorders in schizophrenia and autism associated with altered/absent intermodal sensory integration (especially visual-kinesthetic-tactile integration). This would result in problems of self-other differentiation, leading in turn to a deficit of theory of mind and empathy as well as social communication impairments. This model opens new perspectives to understand better self-consciousness disorders and social communication impairments in schizophrenia and ASD and to develop therapeutic strategies.
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43
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Xia Y, Lv D, Liang Y, Zhang H, Pei K, Shao R, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Guo J, Lv L, Guo S. Abnormal Brain Structure and Function in First-Episode Childhood- and Adolescence-Onset Schizophrenia: Association with Clinical Symptoms. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:522-526. [PMID: 30852802 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00359-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Xia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Institute of Mental health, School of Psychiatry, Qiqihaer Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Yinghui Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Haisan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Keyang Pei
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Rongrong Shao
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Yali Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Yuling Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Luxian Lv
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Suqin Guo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxaing Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China.
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Kwak YB, Kim M, Cho KIK, Lee J, Lee TY, Kwon JS. Reduced cortical thickness in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis and clinical attributes. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2019; 53:219-227. [PMID: 30369245 DOI: 10.1177/0004867418807299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although neuroanatomical abnormalities in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis have been considered a putative biomarker of psychosis, relevance of cortical thickness alterations remains contested due to discrepant findings. Inconsistencies persist in Asian clinical high risk studies, despite their advantageous settings well-controlled for confounds. Attributes of cortical thickness alterations in clinical high risk subjects warrant further examination. METHODS We examined cortical thickness at the whole-brain level in 74 clinical high risk subjects and 34 demographically matched healthy controls recruited from Seoul Youth Clinic, South Korea. Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms, and their associations with cortical thickness were explored using partial correlation analysis. RESULTS Compared to healthy control, clinical high risk exhibited significant cortical thinning in bilateral prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal lobule clusters. Reduced thickness in the left prefrontal cortex cluster was associated with more severe Scale of Prodromal Symptoms general symptoms scores and the right inferior parietal lobule cluster with Scale of Prodromal Symptoms disorganization symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Thickness deficits found in the present clinical high risk sample demonstrated a degree of consistency with those reported in the previous Seoul Youth Clinic study. While inconsistencies reported between the present and previous Seoul Youth Clinic samples may reflect markedly decreased rate of converters, consistencies may be relevant to clinical attributes beyond transition, such as the prevalence of comorbidities. Particular recruitment strategies employed for sample selections should also be considered for findings in Asian clinical high risk samples. Our results suggest potential utility of cortical thickness alterations in clinical high risk subjects beyond the frame of transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Bin Kwak
- 1 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Kim
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Ik Kevin Cho
- 1 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,3 Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yong Lee
- 4 Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- 1 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,3 Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Konishi J, Del Re EC, Bouix S, Blokland GAM, Mesholam-Gately R, Woodberry K, Niznikiewicz M, Goldstein J, Hirayasu Y, Petryshen TL, Seidman LJ, Shenton ME, McCarley RW. Abnormal relationships between local and global brain measures in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis: a pilot study. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 12:974-988. [PMID: 28815390 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether abnormal volumes of several brain regions as well as their mutual associations that have been observed in patients with schizophrenia, are also present in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for developing psychosis. 3T magnetic resonance imaging was acquired in 19 CHR and 20 age- and handedness-matched controls. Volumes were measured for the body and temporal horns of the lateral ventricles, hippocampus and amygdala as well as total brain, cortical gray matter, white matter, and subcortical gray matter volumes. Relationships between volumes as well as correlations between volumes and cognitive and clinical measures were explored. Ratios of lateral ventricular volume to total brain volume and temporal horn volume to total brain volume were calculated. Volumetric abnormalities were lateralized to the left hemisphere. Volumes of the left temporal horn, and marginally, of the body of the left lateral ventricle were larger, while left amygdala but not hippocampal volume was significantly smaller in CHR participants compared to controls. Total brain volume was also significantly smaller and the ratio of the temporal horn/total brain volume was significantly higher in CHR than in controls. White matter volume correlated positively with higher verbal fluency score while temporal horn volume correlated positively with a greater number of perseverative errors. Together with the finding of larger temporal horns and smaller amygdala volumes in the left hemisphere, these results indicate that the ratio of temporal horns volume to brain volume is abnormal in CHR compared to controls. These abnormalities present in CHR individuals may constitute the biological basis for at least some of the CHR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Konishi
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Elisabetta C Del Re
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabriëlla A M Blokland
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raquelle Mesholam-Gately
- Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristen Woodberry
- Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret Niznikiewicz
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill Goldstein
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Boston, MA, USA.,Health and Gender Biology, Boston, MA, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoshio Hirayasu
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tracey L Petryshen
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Larry J Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Research and Development, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert W McCarley
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Development of Neuroimaging-Based Biomarkers in Psychiatry. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1192:159-195. [PMID: 31705495 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9721-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This chapter presents an overview of accumulating neuroimaging data with emphasis on translational potential. The subject will be described in the context of three disease states, i.e., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, and for three clinical goals, i.e., disease risk assessment, subtyping, and treatment decision.
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Ferri J, Ford JM, Roach BJ, Turner JA, van Erp TG, Voyvodic J, Preda A, Belger A, Bustillo J, O'Leary D, Mueller BA, Lim KO, McEwen SC, Calhoun VD, Diaz M, Glover G, Greve D, Wible CG, Vaidya JG, Potkin SG, Mathalon DH. Resting-state thalamic dysconnectivity in schizophrenia and relationships with symptoms. Psychol Med 2018; 48:2492-2499. [PMID: 29444726 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171800003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder associated with disrupted connectivity within the thalamic-cortico-cerebellar network. Resting-state functional connectivity studies have reported thalamic hypoconnectivity with the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex as well as thalamic hyperconnectivity with sensory cortical regions in SZ patients compared with healthy comparison participants (HCs). However, fundamental questions remain regarding the clinical significance of these connectivity abnormalities. METHOD Resting state seed-based functional connectivity was used to investigate thalamus to whole brain connectivity using multi-site data including 183 SZ patients and 178 matched HCs. Statistical significance was based on a voxel-level FWE-corrected height threshold of p < 0.001. The relationships between positive and negative symptoms of SZ and regions of the brain demonstrating group differences in thalamic connectivity were examined. RESULTS HC and SZ participants both demonstrated widespread positive connectivity between the thalamus and cortical regions. Compared with HCs, SZ patients had reduced thalamic connectivity with bilateral cerebellum and anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, SZ patients had greater thalamic connectivity with multiple sensory-motor regions, including bilateral pre- and post-central gyrus, middle/inferior occipital gyrus, and middle/superior temporal gyrus. Thalamus to middle temporal gyrus connectivity was positively correlated with hallucinations and delusions, while thalamus to cerebellar connectivity was negatively correlated with delusions and bizarre behavior. CONCLUSIONS Thalamic hyperconnectivity with sensory regions and hypoconnectivity with cerebellar regions in combination with their relationship to clinical features of SZ suggest that thalamic dysconnectivity may be a core neurobiological feature of SZ that underpins positive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ferri
- Department of Psychiatry,University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,USA
| | - J M Ford
- Department of Psychiatry,University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,USA
| | - B J Roach
- San Francisco VA Health Care System,San Francisco, CA,USA
| | - J A Turner
- The Mind Research Network,Albuquerque, NM,USA
| | - T G van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior,University of California,Irvine, Irvine, CA,USA
| | - J Voyvodic
- Department of Psychiatry,Duke University,Raleigh-Durham, NC,USA
| | - A Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior,University of California,Irvine, Irvine, CA,USA
| | - A Belger
- Department of Psychiatry,University of North Carolina,Chapel Hill, NC,USA
| | - J Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry,University of New Mexico,Albuquerque, NM,USA
| | - D O'Leary
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Iowa,Iowa City, IA,USA
| | - B A Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis, MN,USA
| | - K O Lim
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis, MN,USA
| | - S C McEwen
- Department of Psychiatry,University of California,Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,USA
| | - V D Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network,Albuquerque, NM,USA
| | - M Diaz
- Department of Psychiatry,Duke University,Raleigh-Durham, NC,USA
| | - G Glover
- Department of Radiology,Stanford University,Stanford, CA,USA
| | - D Greve
- Department of Radiology,Massachusetts General Hospital,Boston, MA,USA
| | - C G Wible
- Department of Psychiatry,Harvard University,Boston, MA,USA
| | - J G Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Iowa,Iowa City, IA,USA
| | - S G Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior,University of California,Irvine, Irvine, CA,USA
| | - D H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry,University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,USA
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48
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Association between mismatch negativity and voxel-based brain volume in schizophrenia. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:1899-1906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Sandini C, Scariati E, Padula MC, Schneider M, Schaer M, Van De Ville D, Eliez S. Cortical Dysconnectivity Measured by Structural Covariance Is Associated With the Presence of Psychotic Symptoms in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2018; 3:433-442. [PMID: 29735153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the third-largest known genetic risk factor for the development of psychosis. Dysconnectivity has consistently been implicated in the physiopathology of psychosis. Structural covariance of cortical morphology is a method of exploring connectivity among brain regions that to date has not been employed in 22q11DS. METHODS In the present study we employed structural covariance of cortical thickness to explore connectivity alterations in a group of 108 patients with 22q11DS compared with 96 control subjects. We subsequently divided patients into two subgroups of 31 subjects each according to the presence of attenuated psychotic symptoms. FreeSurfer software was used to obtain the mean cortical thickness in 148 brain regions from T1-weighted 3T images. For each population we reconstructed a brain graph using Pearson correlation between the average thickness of each couple of brain regions, which we characterized in terms of mean correlation strength and in terms of network architecture using graph theory. RESULTS Patients with 22q11DS presented increased mean correlation strength, but there was no difference in global architecture compared with control subjects. However, symptomatic patients presented increased mean correlation strength coupled with increased segregation and decreased integration compared with both control subjects and nonsymptomatic patients. They also presented increased centrality for a cluster of anterior cingulate and dorsomedial prefrontal regions. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm the importance of cortical dysconnectivity in the physiopathology of psychosis. Moreover they support the significance of aberrant anterior cingulate connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Sandini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland.
| | - Elisa Scariati
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland
| | - Maria Carmela Padula
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland
| | - Maude Schneider
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland; Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marie Schaer
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland; Stanford Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland
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50
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Woods SW, Powers AR, Taylor JH, Davidson CA, Johannesen JK, Addington J, Perkins DO, Bearden CE, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Cornblatt BA, Seidman LJ, Tsuang MT, Walker EF, McGlashan TH. Lack of Diagnostic Pluripotentiality in Patients at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Specificity of Comorbidity Persistence and Search for Pluripotential Subgroups. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:254-263. [PMID: 29036402 PMCID: PMC5814797 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
More than 20 years after the clinical high risk syndrome for psychosis (CHR) was first articulated, it remains controversial whether the CHR syndrome predicts onset of psychosis with diagnostic specificity or predicts pluripotential diagnostic outcomes. Recently, analyses of observational studies, however, have suggested that the CHR syndrome is not pluripotential for emergent diagnostic outcomes. The present report conducted additional analyses in previously reported samples to determine (1) whether comorbid disorders were more likely to persist in CHR patients compared to a comparison group of patients who responded to CHR recruitment efforts but did not meet criteria, termed help-seeking comparison subjects (HSC); and (2) whether clinically defined pluripotential CHR subgroups could be identified. All data were derived from 2 multisite studies in which DSM-IV structured diagnostic interviews were conducted at baseline and at 6-month intervals. Across samples we observed persistence of any nonpsychotic disorder in 80/147 CHR cases (54.4%) and in 48/84 HSC cases (57.1%, n.s.). Findings with persistence of anxiety, depressive, and bipolar disorders considered separately were similar. Efforts to discover pluripotential CHR subgroups were unsuccessful. These findings add additional support to the view that the CHR syndrome is not pluripotential for predicting various diagnostic outcomes but rather is specific for predicting emergent psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Woods
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Albert R Powers
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Jerome H Taylor
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Charlie A Davidson
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jason K Johannesen
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Diana O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Larry J Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, UCSD, San Diego, CA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elaine F Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Thomas H McGlashan
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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