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Armoon B, Mohammadi R, Griffiths MD. The Global Prevalence of Non-suicidal Self-injury, Suicide Behaviors, and Associated Risk Factors Among Runaway and Homeless Youth: A Meta-analysis. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:919-944. [PMID: 38451378 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was performed to determine pooled prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicide behaviors (including ideation, attempts), and associated risk factors among runaway and homeless youth (RHY). The databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies published from January 1995 to May 2023. Initially, 8465 papers were screened, resulting in 69 included studies. The results showed that among RHY, lifetime prevalence rates were 42% for NSSI, 38% for suicidal ideation, and 27% for suicide attempts. Lifetime prevalence of NSSI and suicide behaviors was higher among adolescent minors (aged 12-17 years) compared to young adults (aged 18-24 years). Also, NSSI and suicide behaviors were associated with having a childhood history of physical and sexual abuse. Developing an impactful community-based suicide prevention campaign tailored for RHY appears warranted. Peer groups and mentorship programs would provide invaluable support for young individuals, as supportive friendships protect against NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Armoon
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.
| | - Rasool Mohammadi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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Xiong A, Liao S, Luo B, Luo S, Tong Y, Li Z. Associations between problematic internet use, life satisfaction, and deliberate self-harm among Chinese adolescents: A multi-centered longitudinal study. Addict Behav 2023; 147:107808. [PMID: 37536220 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Problematic Internet use (PIU), which is associated with deliberate self-harm (DSH), has become a common problem among adolescents. Life satisfaction (LS) may be able to mitigate the negative influences of PIU and DSH. But the longitudinal associations among them are yet to be well-researched. METHODS A longitudinal study with three-wave data collection involving 6092 adolescents was carried out in China. PIU, LS, and DSH were assessed using the Young Internet Addiction Test, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory Nine-Item Version, respectively. A cross-lagged model was used to analyze the longitudinal interactions between them. Generalized Estimating Equations were adopted to identify their influential factors. RESULTS The prevalence of single DSH behaviors from wave 1 to wave 3 was 5.04%, 5.00%, and 4.67%, and the repeated DHS from wave 1 to wave 3 was 2.9%, 3.2%, and 3.4%, respectively. Bidirectional longitudinal predictive associations were revealed between PIU and LS (p<0.001), and LS and DSH (p<0.001). DSH could longitudinally predict PIU (p<0.001). Gender and age were associated with PIU, LS, and DSH (p<0.001), and PIU was influenced by ethnicity (p<0.001). CONCLUSION PIU and LS, LS and DSH were associated bidirectionally. Adolescents with more severe DSH behaviors were inclined to become addicted to the Internet, and adolescents with a history of DSH had a higher risk of recurring DSH. Parents, schools, and administrators need to improve the LS of adolescents, with a particular focus on older, female adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Xiong
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shujuan Liao
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Biru Luo
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiqi Luo
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunxuan Tong
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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De Oliveira JM, Dueñas JM, Morales-Vives F, Gallardo-Nieto E. Educational agents and institutions called into action in suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1213751. [PMID: 37780143 PMCID: PMC10539586 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1213751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Suicide is the second leading cause of death in the 15 to 29 age group worldwide, and is a severe public health problem. Adolescent and young adult individuals attend educational institutions which can play an essential role in detecting and preventing suicide. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to identify what educational institutions and agents are called into action in suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention. Methods The method of systematic review of the literature based on the PRISMA protocol was used. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020189127). The systematic review yielded 66 articles published between 1990 and February 2023. Results The results show that a wide variety of educational stakeholders are required to intervene for suicide prevention, interventions and postvention between primary education and college. The study describes the different programs that have been provided, the countries in which they have been implemented and the agents who have been targeted. It also identifies gaps in the research on suicide in the educational field. Discussion Overall, educational suicide initiatives report positive effects on participants' understanding, attitudes, and beliefs regarding suicide and suicide prevention, although some studies have expressed some caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge-Manuel Dueñas
- Research Center for Behavior Assessment, Psychology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fabia Morales-Vives
- Research Center for Behavior Assessment, Psychology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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Castro-Ramirez F, Paz-Pérez MA, McGuire TC, Rankin O, Alfaro MCG, Audirac AM, Campuzano MLG, Coady P, Núñez-Delgado M, Manana J, Hernández-de la Rosa C, Tambedou T, Vergara GA, Barranco LA, Cudris-Torres L, Nock MK, Naslund JA, Benjet C. A Qualitative Examination of the Impact of Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior on Help-Seeking Among University Students in Colombia and Mexico. JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL AND COGNITIVE THERAPY 2023; 33:67-80. [PMID: 37680902 PMCID: PMC10482072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbct.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examined descriptions of suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB) to identify risk and protective factors that may present in clinical settings among university students from Latin America. Our focus was on answering the following key questions: How are suicidal thoughts and behavior described? What are reasons for wanting to die and for living? What impact do STBs have on motivations to seek or avoid psychological treatment? To this end, 55 qualitative interviews were completed with university students from Colombia and Mexico who recently endorsed emotional difficulties in the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) surveys. Interviews were coded to identify themes specific to STBs. Findings revealed insight on symptom presentations and consequences of STBs. Participants described uncontrollable somatic symptoms during periods of high suicide risk, which serves as a relevant clinical marker for health providers. An important reason for living was to avoid suffering for family, which was protective against suicide and motivates familial involvement in treatment planning. Participants sought solutions to emotional problems after experiencing STBs, including psychological treatment. Cultural stigma of mental illness induced feelings of shame and burden, which led to avolition, avoidance, and nondisclosure of symptom severity. This study provides insight into the utility of evaluating cultural context in (a) detecting antecedents to STBs frequently reported as somatic symptoms, (b) identifying protective factors against suicide, and (c) recognizing how stigma of mental illness and suicide, shame avoidance, and familism might influence personal motivations to seek or avoid help for emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Osiris Rankin
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States
| | | | | | | | - Parker Coady
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States
| | | | | | | | - Tida Tambedou
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States
| | | | | | | | - Matthew K Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States
| | - John A Naslund
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Corina Benjet
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México City, México
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Darrow SM, Maliken AC, Piatigorsky A, Stuart BK, Todd N, Yaeger AM, Londahl-Shaller EA. Effectiveness of the family-based model of dialectical behavior therapy for both suicidal adolescents and young adults in an academic medical center. J Clin Psychol 2022; 78:1422-1435. [PMID: 35080775 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is an effective approach to decreasing suicidal behaviors; the adapted, family-based model for adolescents (through 18 years old; DBT-A) also demonstrates efficacy. Data on higher dropout rates based on age, initial research on DBT with young adults in the community, and the theory that underlies DBT suggest that adaptations may also be appropriate for young adults. This study examines the effectiveness of DBT-A, presents preliminary data on delivering DBT-A to young adults (ages 18-26), and compares clinical characteristics, service utilization, and outcomes to adolescent clients (ages 13-17) to guide clinical considerations and future research on implementing DBT-A. METHODS Data were collected from a DBT-A clinic and included results from semi-structured diagnostic interviews, chart review, and scores on self-report measures. The Suicide Ideation Questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), given at program entry, after completion of one rotation through the skills modules, and at graduation, were used to evaluate outcomes. Outcomes were benchmarked against prior DBT-A trials. Adolescents' and young adults' clinical characteristics, service utilization, and outcomes were compared. RESULTS The effect size observed was smaller than in efficacy trials. Few differences were observed between teens (n = 87) and young adults (n = 45). Young adults were more likely to have participated in intensive services before DBT-A. They participated in fewer family sessions and graduated in fewer months compared to teens. CONCLUSION This study supports the use of the family-based model of DBT for suicidal teens and young adults although future research is needed to improve the effectiveness of this model when implemented in real-world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina M Darrow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ashley C Maliken
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Auran Piatigorsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Barbara K Stuart
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Natalie Todd
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alison M Yaeger
- McLean Hospital & Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Esme A Londahl-Shaller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Bishop AS, Walker SC, Herting JR, Hill KG. Neighborhoods and health during the transition to adulthood: A scoping review. Health Place 2020; 63:102336. [PMID: 32543425 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that neighborhoods play an important role in shaping health outcomes across the life course, but the neighborhood-health link during the transition to adulthood period (18-29 years) is not well studied. A scoping review of 24 studies used thematic analysis to examine the theoretical and methodological approaches of the neighborhood-health literature during this period. Themes illustrate the varied approaches used in this research, including diversity in how neighborhood is defined, theoretical variation regarding the importance of the transition period and the neighborhood-health link, and the importance of gender and race/ethnicity to this area of study. While the literature on this topic is fragmented, with varied definitions and minimal theoretical coherence, all studies found some degree of support for the relationship between neighborhoods and health during the transition to adulthood. Our analysis suggests that future research should focus on developing a theoretical foundation for these relationships in order to clarify key concepts and advance a science to better understand how and why neighborhoods affect health during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia S Bishop
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, 4101 15th Avenue N.E. Seattle, Washington, 98105, USA.
| | - Sarah C Walker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Suite BB1538 Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA.
| | - Jerald R Herting
- Department of Sociology, University of Washington, Savery Hall, 410 Spokane Lane, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Karl G Hill
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Colorado University-Boulder, 1440 15th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
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Abstract
Transitional age youth with a history of mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder, are uniquely vulnerable to clinical destabilization and relapse in the context of life transition. Moving from a structured adolescence to a more independent and potentially more demanding young adult life can result in worsening symptoms and barriers to effective help-seeking. Transitional age youth newly diagnosed are exposed to their first course of treatment of a potentially chronic condition. This article describes the challenges inherent in navigating this life transition, and also offers strategies to promote a successful "launch" into adulthood.
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Preliminary examination of gray and white matter structure and longitudinal structural changes in frontal systems associated with future suicide attempts in adolescents and young adults with mood disorders. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:1139-1148. [PMID: 30699858 PMCID: PMC6487887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders are major risk factors for suicidal behavior. While cross-sectional studies implicate frontal systems, data to aid prediction of suicide-related behavior in mood disorders are limited. Longitudinal research on neuroanatomical mechanisms underlying suicide risk may assist in developing targeted interventions. Therefore, we conducted a preliminary study investigating baseline gray and white matter structure and longitudinal structural changes associated with future suicide attempts. METHODS High-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and suicide-related behavioral assessment data for 46 adolescents and young adults with mood disorders [baseline agemean = 18 years; 61% female] were collected at baseline and at follow-up (intervalmean = 3 years). Differences in baseline and longitudinal changes in gray matter volume and white matter fractional anisotropy in frontal systems that distinguished the participants who made future attempts from those who did not were investigated. RESULTS Seventeen (37%) of participants attempted suicide within the follow-up period. Future attempters (those attempting suicide between their baseline and follow-up assessment), compared to those who did not, showed lower baseline ventral and rostral prefrontal gray matter volume and dorsomedial frontal, anterior limb of the internal capsule, and dorsal cingulum fractional anisotropy, as well as greater decreases over time in ventral and dorsal frontal fractional anisotropy (p < 0.005, uncorrected). LIMITATIONS Sample size was modest. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest abnormalities of gray and white matter in frontal systems and differences in developmental changes of frontal white matter may increase risk of suicide-related behavior in youths with mood disorders. Findings provide potential new leads for early intervention and prevention strategies.
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