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Zhang J, Liu L, Ning X, Lin M, Lai X. Isomer-specific analysis of nonylphenol and their transformation products in environment: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165982. [PMID: 37536583 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenols (NPs) are crucial fine chemicals widely employed in producing industrial and consumer surfactants that ultimately enter the environment through various pathways, leading to environmental pollution. NPs are suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals that may accumulate in the body over time, resulting in unusual reproductive function. Due to limitations in analytical methods, NPs have typically been quantified as a whole in some studies. However, NPs are a mixture of multibranched structures, and different NP isomers exhibit distinct environmental behaviors and toxic effects. Therefore, it is critical to analyze environmental and human biological samples at the isomer-specific level to elucidate the contamination characteristics, human exposure load, and toxic effects of NPs. Accurately analyzing NP samples with various isomers, metabolites, and transformation products presents a significant challenge. This review summarizes recent advances in analytical research on NPs in technical products, environmental, and human biological samples, particularly emphasizing the synthesis and separation of standards and the transformation of NP homolog isomers in samples. Finally, the review highlights the research gaps and future research directions in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Pollutant Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Pollutant Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xunan Ning
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Pollutant Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Meiqing Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Pollutant Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaojun Lai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Pollutant Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou 510006, China
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2
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Al Rashed N, Gerlach C, Guenther K. Determination of Nonylphenol in Selected Foods and Identification of Single Isomers in a Coffee Sample by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2023.2180018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Ivanova B, Spiteller M. Stochastic dynamic ultraviolet photofragmentation and high collision energy dissociation mass spectrometric kinetics of triadimenol and sucralose. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:32348-32370. [PMID: 36462070 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24259-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The major goal of the paper is to provide empirical proof of view that innovative stochastic dynamic mass spectrometric equation D″SD = 2.6388·10-17·(< I2 > - < I > 2) determines the exact analyte concentration in solution via quantifying experimental variable intensity (I) of an analyte ion per any short span of scan time of any measurement, which also appears applicable to quantify laser-induced ultraviolet photofragmentation and high energy collision dissociation mass spectrometric processes. Triadimenol (1) and sucralose (2) using positive and negative polarity are examined. Laser irradiation energy λex = 213 nm is utilized. The issue is of central importance for monitoring organic micro-pollutants in surface, ground, and drinking water as well as tasks of risk assessment for environment and human health from contamination with organics. Despite the significant importance of the topic, answering the question of functional kinetic relations of such processes is by no means straightforward, so far, due to a lack of in-depth knowledge of mechanistic aspects of fragment paths of analytes in environment and foods as well as kinetics of processes under ultraviolet laser irradiation. Although there is truth in the classical theory of first-order reaction kinetics, it does not describe all kinetic data on analytes (1) and (2). A new damped sine wave functional response to a large amount of kinetics is presented. High-resolution mass spectrometric data and chemometrics are used. The study provides empirical evidence for claim that temporal behavior of mass spectrometric variable intensity under negative polarity obeys a certain scientific law written by means of equation above. It is the same for positive and negative soft-ionization mass spectrometric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojidarka Ivanova
- Lehrstuhl Für Analytische Chemie, Institut Für Umweltforschung, Fakultät Für Chemie Und Chemische Biologie, Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221, Dortmund, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Lehrstuhl Für Analytische Chemie, Institut Für Umweltforschung, Fakultät Für Chemie Und Chemische Biologie, Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221, Dortmund, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
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4
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Peng C, Zhou S, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhang W, Ling S, Hu S. Dynamics and mechanisms of bioaccumulation and elimination of nonylphenol in zebrafish. Toxicology 2023; 483:153375. [PMID: 36375624 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) has been widely concerned for its endocrine disrupting effects. In this study, we investigated the accumulation and elimination of NP for the whole body and trunk of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results show that the LC50 values of NP in zebrafish ranged from 474 μg·L-1 (24-h exposure) to 238 μg·L-1 (96-h exposure). Meanwhile, the NP concentrations in zebrafish during the depuration stage fitted the first-order kinetic model well, and the depuration rate constant (K2) was reduced from 0.412 d-1 to 0.2827 d-1 with higher NP. The half-life (t1/2) of NP was 1.75-2.45 d in the whole fish and 0.56-0.86 d in the trunk under low to high NP, respectively. Both the accumulation and elimination of NP in trunk were faster than those in whole fish, indicating the preferential transfer from viscera to muscle and rapidly diffusion in reverse. The bioconcentration factors (BCFSS) of NP were 104-112 L·kg-1 in whole body and 76-104 L·kg-1 in trunk, respectively, suggesting that the muscle was a major position for NP storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shanqi Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yinjie Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hongchang Zhang
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Siyuan Ling
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shuangqing Hu
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.
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5
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Ringbeck B, Bury D, Lee I, Lee G, Alakeel R, Alrashed M, Tosepu R, Jayadipraja EA, Tantrakarnapa K, Kliengchuay W, Brüning T, Choi K, Koch HM. Biomarker-Determined Nonylphenol Exposure and Associated Risks in Children of Thailand, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:10229-10238. [PMID: 35801963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine disruptor and environmental contaminant. Yet, data on individual body burdens and potential health risks in humans, especially among children, are scarce. We analyzed two specific urinary NP metabolites, hydroxy-NP (OH-NP) and oxo-NP. In contrast to parent NP, OH-NP has a much higher urinary excretion fraction (Fue), and both are insusceptible to external contamination. We investigated spot urine samples from school children of Thailand (n = 104), Indonesia (n = 89), and Saudi Arabia (n = 108) and could quantify OH-NP in 100% of Indonesian and Saudi children (median concentrations: 8.12 and 8.57 μg/L) and in 76% of Thai children (1.07 μg/L). Median oxo-NP concentrations were 0.95, 1.10, and <0.25 μg/L, respectively, in line with its lower Fue. Median daily NP intakes (DIs), back-calculated from urinary OH-NP concentrations, were significantly higher in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia [0.47 and 0.36 μg/(kg bw·d), respectively] than in Thailand [0.06 μg/(kg bw·d)]. Maximum DIs were close to the preliminary tolerable DI of 5 μg/(kg bw·d) from the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. Dominant sources of exposure or relevant exposure pathways could not be readily identified by questionnaire analyses and also potentially varied by region. The novel biomarkers provide long-needed support to the quantitative exposure and risk assessment of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Ringbeck
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel Bury
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Inae Lee
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gowoon Lee
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Raid Alakeel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Alrashed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramadhan Tosepu
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia
| | | | - Kraichat Tantrakarnapa
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi 10400, Thailand
| | - Wissanupong Kliengchuay
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi 10400, Thailand
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kyungho Choi
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
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6
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Al Rashed N, Guenther K. Determination of Endocrine-Disrupting Nonylphenols and Nonylphenol Carboxylates by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Levels in German Food after Restriction. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1956515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Al Rashed
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Guenther
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-2), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
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Impact of Nonylphenols and Polyhalogenated Compounds in Follicular Fluid on the Outcome of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:2118-2128. [PMID: 33620705 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interfere with the mammalian hormone system and alter its endo- and paracrine regulation. The goal of the present study was to examine the presence of 14 EDCs, including the technical mixture of nonylphenols and Mirex, in human follicular fluid (FF) and to find a potential correlation between endocrine active substances and a possible impact on female fertility. Furthermore, potential sources of EDC exposition regarding patients' lifestyle and socioeconomic factors were investigated. Human FF was collected from a total of 210 women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection-treatment cycles because of male subfertility. The presence of EDCs was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Thirteen of the 14 investigated EDCs were present in every FF sample; compounds with the highest concentrations in FF were nonylphenol and Mirex. Nearly all kinds of EDCs led to significantly reduced maturation and fertilization rate. No significant influence of EDC concentration on the clinical pregnancy rate was observed for neither of the analyzed EDCs. Patients who obtained their clothes and textiles at fashion discounters displayed a higher amount of EDCs in their FF. In contrast, patients' residential area, source of food products, and nicotine or caffeine consumed were not associated with EDC accumulation. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01385605 (11 July 2011).
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Hung CH, Yuan C, Wu MH, Chang YC. Electrochemical degradation of ibuprofen-contaminated soils over Fe/Al oxidation electrodes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:1205-1213. [PMID: 30021285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBP) is one of the most known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Due to the high consumption and the several ways of discharge, both the aquifer and soil matrix were contaminated by IBP. This study examined the degradation of the IBP in a soil matrix over Fe/Al oxidation electrodes in an electrokinetic system with processing fluids of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS). The preparation of the Fe/Al oxidation electrode was carried out at a calcination temperature of 500, 550, and 600 °C, which accounted for Fe3+ coating rate of 3.89 ± 0.03%, 4.62 ± 0.04%, and 4.72 ± 0.04%, respectively. Results indicated the generation of hydroxyl radical was proportional to the coating rate of Fe3+ on the electrode. A 200 mg kg-1 of IBP-spiked soil sample was conducted in an electrokinetic system under a potential gradient of 2 V cm-1. The experimental parameters included electrode area of 11-33 cm2 and treatment time of 5-9 days. The remediation efficiency of IBP in the EK systems coupled with Fe/Al oxidation electrode was 70.1-94.6%, which was highly dependent on H2O2 addition, electrode area, and treatment time. Both addition of H2O2 and prolonging treatment time significantly enhanced the degradation of IBP. Whereas increasing electrode area was only favorable for removal mechanism of IBP. Five reaction mechanisms were clearly provided in this study. The aluminum plays an electron donner to trigger Fenton-like reaction continuously to produce hydroxyl radicals. This study confirmed that the electrokinetic process coupled with Fe/Al oxidation electrodes is a viable technique for the remediation of IBP-contaminated soil. Make good use of redox characteristic of aluminum to trigger the Fenton-like reaction in Fe2+-rich environment is a great success in this study. The use of Fe/Al electrodes effectively expands the application of electrochemical degradation in soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsuang Hung
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, University Rd., Yenchau Dist., Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan.
| | - Ching Yuan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, No. 700, Kaohsiung University Rd, Nan-Tzu Dist., Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Hao Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, No. 700, Kaohsiung University Rd, Nan-Tzu Dist., Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chuan Chang
- CENPRO Technology Co. Ltd., 8F, No. 286-8, Shin-Ya Rd., Chien-Chen Division, Kaohsiung City 806, Taiwan.
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9
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Acir IH, Guenther K. Endocrine-disrupting metabolites of alkylphenol ethoxylates - A critical review of analytical methods, environmental occurrences, toxicity, and regulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:1530-1546. [PMID: 29874777 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that metabolites of alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEO) are classified as hazardous substances, they continue to be released into the environment from a variety of sources and are not usually monitored. Their wide use has led to an increase in the possible exposure pathways for humans, which is cause for alarm. Moreover, there is a lack of knowledge about the behaviour of these metabolites with respect to the environment and toxicity, and their biological effects on human health. The aim of this work is to give an overview of the APEO metabolites and their analysis, occurrences and toxicity in various environmental and human samples. APEO metabolites have adverse effects on humans, wildlife, and the environment through their release into the environment. Currently, there are some reviews available on the behaviour of alkylphenols in soil, sediments, groundwater, surface water and food. However, none of these articles consider their toxicity in humans and especially their effect on the nervous and immune system. This work summarises the environmental occurrences of metabolites of APEOs in matrices, e.g. water, food and biological matrices, their effect on the immune and nervous systems, and isomer-specific issues. With that emphasis we are able to cover most common occurrences of human exposure, whether direct or indirect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail-H Acir
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Chemistry, Endenicher Allee 11-13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Guenther
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Chemistry, Endenicher Allee 11-13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Yuan C, Hung CH, Huang TY. Application of RuO 2/Ni foam electrodes for remediation of ibuprofen in soil matrix-the effect of electrokinetic parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5181-5190. [PMID: 28540552 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are an extraordinary and diverse group of chemicals used in veterinary medicine, agriculture, and for human health and cosmetics care. They are considered emerging contaminants and have raised great concern in recent years. Among the PPCPs, ibuprofen (IBP) is one of the most known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which has been found at a high concentration in irrigation water in the USA and showed harmful effect for organisms. This study examined IBP degradation performance by an electrokinetic process coupled with 24-96 cm2 of RuO2/Ni foam (RN) electrodes applied 1-3 V cm-1 potential gradient for 5-9 days. The electroosmosis permeabilities (k e) and the treatment efficiency of IBP increased from 1.5 × 10-4 to 1.8 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 and from 65.4 to 78.4%, respectively, as the potential gradient increased from 1 to 3 V cm-1. The k e values also increased with electrode area, but it was much less insignificant than that of the potential gradient. Prolonging the treatment time and increasing the electrode area only enhanced the IBP remediation efficiency by a trivial amount. The degradation mechanism was more critical for IBP remediation than was the electrokinetic (EK) removal mechanism. A cost analysis revealed that processing fluid accounted for 84.1-87.6% of the operation cost. The electrode characteristics and the treatment mechanism are also discussed. This study confirmed that the IBP-contaminated soil was successfully remediated by electrokinetic process coupled with RN electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Yuan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, No. 700, Kaohsiung University Rd, Nan-Tzu Dist., Kaohsiung City, 811, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Hsuang Hung
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, No. 1, University Rd., Yenchau Dist., Kaohsiung, 824, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yuan Huang
- MWH Americas Inc., Kaohsiung Division, Taiwan Branch, 5F-4, No. 597, Jiuru 2nd Rd., San-Ming Division, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
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11
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Molecular docking simulation on the interactions of laccase from Trametes versicolor with nonylphenol and octylphenol isomers. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 41:331-343. [PMID: 29185034 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The biodegradation of nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) isomers by laccase has attracted increasing concerns. However, the interaction mechanism between these isomers and laccase remains unclear, especially for fungal laccase. In this work, molecular docking was employed to study this issue. The results indicated that the structural characteristic of alkyl chain (position and branching degree) affected the interactions between Trametes versicolor (T. versicolor) laccase and isomers. The binding affinity between them was closely related to the position and branching degree of alkyl chain in isomers. The binding affinities between linear isomers and T. versicolor laccase were para-position < meta-position < ortho-position. For selected branched 4-NP, the isomers with bulky α-substituent in alkyl chain had higher binding affinities. In addition, hydrophobic contacts between T. versicolor laccase and NP or OP isomers were necessary, while H-bonds were optional. The isomers with similar structure may have more common residues involved in hydrophobic contacts. The H-bonds of selected NPs and OPs were all connected with phenolic hydroxyl. These findings provide an insight into detailed interaction mechanism between T. versicolor laccase and isomers of NP and OP. It is helpful to broaden the knowledge of degradation technology of NPs and OPs and provide theoretical basis on biological remediation of these contaminants.
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Liu X, Nie S, Yu Q, Wang X, Huang D, Xie M. Downregulation of steroid hormone receptor expression and activation of cell signal transduction pathways induced by a chiral nonylphenol isomer in mouse sertoli TM4 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:469-476. [PMID: 27086933 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenols (NPs) are considered as important environmental toxicants and potential endocrine disrupting compounds which can disrupt male reproductive system. 4-[1-Ethyl-1-methylhexy] phenol (4-NP65 ) is one of the main isomers of technical nonylphenol mixtures. In the present study, effect of NPs was evaluated from an isomer-specific viewpoint using 4-NP65 . Decreased mRNA expression levels of estrogen receptor (ER)-α, ER-β, androgen receptor (AR) and progesterone receptor (PR) were observed in the cells exposed to 4-NP65 for 24 h. Furthermore, 4-NP65 treatment evoked significant decrease in protein expression levels of ER-α and ER-β. Levels of mullerian inhibiting substance and transferrin were found to change significantly in 4-NP65 challenged cells. Additionally, JNK1/2-MAPK pathway was activated due to 4-NP65 exposure, but not ERK1/2 and p38-MAPK pathways. Meanwhile, 4-NP65 increased the p-Akt level and showed no effects on the Akt level which indicated that Akt pathway was activated by 4-NP65 . In conclusion, these findings have shown that 4-NP65 exposure affected expression of cell receptors and cell signaling pathways in Sertoli TM4 cells. We proposed that molecular mechanism of reproductive damage in Sertoli cells induced by NPs may be mediated by cell receptors and/or cell signal transduction pathways, and that the effects were dependent on the side chain of NP isomers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 469-476, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Danfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
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13
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Enantioselective separation of defined endocrine-disrupting nonylphenol isomers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:5601-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Lu Z, Gan J. Analysis, toxicity, occurrence and biodegradation of nonylphenol isomers: a review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 73:334-345. [PMID: 25222298 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, nonylphenols (NPs) have become to be known as a priority hazardous substance due primarily to its estrogenicity and ubiquitous occurrence in the environment. Nonylphenols are commonly treated as a single compound in the evaluation of their environmental occurrence, fate and transport, treatment or toxicity. However, technical nonylphenols (tNPs) are in fact a mixture of more than 100 isomers and congeners. Recent studies showed that some of these isomers behaved significantly differently in occurrence, estrogenicity and biodegradability. The most estrogenic isomer was about 2 to 4 times more active than tNP. Moreover, the half lives of the most recalcitrant isomers were about 3 to 4 times as long as those of readily-biodegradable isomers. Negligence of NP's isomer specificity may result in inaccurate assessment of its ecological and health effects. In this review, we summarized the recent publications on the analysis, occurrence, toxicity and biodegradation of NP at the isomer level and highlighted future research needs to improve our understanding of isomer-specificity of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 9252, United States.
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 9252, United States.
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Liu X, Nie S, Chen Y, Huang D, Xie M. Effects of 4-nonylphenol isomers on cell receptors and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. Toxicology 2014; 326:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Kulapina EG, Chernova RK, Makarova NM, Pogorelova ES. Methods for determining synthetic surfactants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079978013030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Boehme RM, Andries T, Dötz KH, Thiele B, Guenther K. Synthesis of defined endocrine-disrupting nonylphenol isomers for biological and environmental studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 80:813-821. [PMID: 20452641 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenols are very important environmentally relevant substances in the focus of the world-wide endocrine disrupter research for over 25 years. Thus, they are among the 10 priority hazardous substances of the new European Union Water Framework Directive. They consist of a very complex mixture of isomers representing therefore a multi-component problem like dioxins or PCBs. As estrogenic effect and degradation behavior in the environment of individual 4-nonylphenols are heavily dependent on the structure and bulkiness of the side chain, it is absolutely necessary to consider the nonylphenol problem from an isomer-specific viewpoint. Therefore a range of 28 differently branched nonylphenol isomers were synthesized for biological and environmental studies. Nonylphenols with a quaternary alpha-carbon, like 4-(1,1,3,4-tetramethylpentyl)phenol (4-NP(95)) and 4-(1-ethyl-1,3,3-trimethylbutyl)phenol (4-NP(170)), were obtained by Friedel-Crafts alkylation of anisole with tertiary nonyl bromides and demethylation with BI(3). Nonylphenols with a tertiary alpha-carbon, such as 4-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)phenol (4-NP(10)) and 4-(1,2,4-trimethylhexyl)phenol (4-NP(41)), were accessible via coupling of p-methoxyphenylmagnesium bromide with ketones. Nonylphenols bearing a quaternary beta-carbon, like 4-(2,2-dimethylheptyl)phenol (4-NP(15)) and 4-(1,2,2-trimethylhexyl)phenol (4-NP(39)), were synthesized starting from 4'-methoxyisobutyrophenone. The compounds were characterized by GC-MS and NMR-spectroscopy. The individual isomers were designated according to the Juelich Nomenclature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roswitha M Boehme
- Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere, ICG-3: Phytosphere, Research Centre Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
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Zhang H, Spiteller M, Guenther K, Boehmler G, Zuehlke S. Degradation of a chiral nonylphenol isomer in two agricultural soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2009; 157:1904-1910. [PMID: 19232801 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of a chiral nonylphenol isomer, 4-(1-ethyl-1,4-dimethylpentyl)phenol (NP(112)), in two agricultural soils from Monheim and Dortmund, Germany has been studied. The degradation of NP(112) and the formation of a nitro-nonylphenol metabolite were determined by means of GC-MS analysis. The degradation followed bi-exponential order kinetics, with half-life of less than 5 days in both soils. The nitro-metabolite was found at different concentration levels in the two soils. The nitro-metabolite of NP(112) was more persistent than its parent compound. After 150 days about 13% of the initially applied NP(112) remained in the Monheim soil as its nitro-metabolite. Results of the E-screen assay revealed that the nitro-NP(112) has oestrogenic potency of 85% of that of NP(112). Furthermore, the results of chiral GC-MS analysis revealed that no chiral degradation of NP(112) occurred in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Dortmund University of Technology, Otto-Hahn-Str.6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Hao R, Li J, Zhou Y, Cheng S, Zhang Y. Structure-biodegradability relationship of nonylphenol isomers during biological wastewater treatment process. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 75:987-994. [PMID: 19251303 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between nonylphenol (NP) isomer structure and its biodegradability within the wastewater treatment process of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was investigated. The GC-MS method was used for detecting the NP isomers existing in the SBR influent, activated sludge and effluent. Fifteen NP isomers were detected in the influent, with significant biodegradability variations being observed among these isomers. It was found that the NP isomers associated with retention time of 10.553, 10.646, 10.774, and 10.906 min in the GC-MS analysis showed higher biodegradability, while the isomers with retention time of 10.475, 10.800, and 10.857 min illustrated lower biodegradability. Through analyzing the mass spectrograms, the chemical structures of four selected NP isomers in the wastewater were further deduced. The higher correlation coefficients of 0.9421 and 0.9085 were observed between the NP isomer biodegradation rates and the molecular connectivity indexes with the order of two and four, respectively. Such correlation analysis indicated that a more complex side branch structure (such as a larger side carbon-chain branch or more branches in the nonyl) of NP isomer would lead to lower biodegradability, and a longer nonyl chain of the isomer would result in a higher biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Hao
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100022, China.
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Fernández-Alvarez P, Le Noir M, Guieysse B. Removal and destruction of endocrine disrupting contaminants by adsorption with molecularly imprinted polymers followed by simultaneous extraction and phototreatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 163:1107-1112. [PMID: 18768258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a method to regenerate molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) used for the selective removal of endocrine disrupting compounds from aqueous effluents. Regeneration was based on solvent extraction under UV irradiation to regenerate the polymer and the solvent while destroying the contaminants. Acetone was selected as the best solvent for irradiation of estrone (E1), 17beta-estradiol (E2) and ethinylestradiol (EE2) using either UVC (254 nm) or UV-vis. A MIP synthesized with E2 as template was then tested for the extraction of this compound from a 2 microg/L loaded aqueous solution. E2 was recovered by 73+/-11% and 46+/-13% from the MIPs and a non-imprinted control polymer synthesized under the same conditions, respectively, after a single step elution with acetone. The irradiated polymers and acetone were reused for an additional extraction-regeneration cycle and showed no capacity decrease.
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Zhang H, Oppel IM, Spiteller M, Guenther K, Boehmler G, Zuehlke S. Enantiomers of a nonylphenol isomer: Absolute configurations and estrogenic potencies. Chirality 2009; 21:271-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Indigenous microfungi and plants reduce soil nonylphenol contamination and stimulate resident microfungal communities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 82:359-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 12/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Reinscheid UM. Determination of the absolute configuration of two estrogenic nonylphenols in solution by chiroptical methods. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Katase T, Okuda K, Kim YS, Eun H, Takada H, Uchiyama T, Saito H, Makino M, Fujimoto Y. Estrogen equivalent concentration of 13 branched para-nonylphenols in three technical mixtures by isomer-specific determination using their synthetic standards in SIM mode with GC-MS and two new diasteromeric isomers. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 70:1961-1972. [PMID: 17997468 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2007] [Revised: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen isomers of branched para-nonylphenols (para-NP) in three technical mixtures were isomer-specifically determined using their synthesized standards by SIM of structurally specific ions, m/z 135, 149 or 163 with GC-MS. Of the 13 isomers, four isomers, 4-(2,4-dimethylheptan-4-yl)phenol, 4-(4-methyloctan-4-yl)phenol, 4-(3-ethyl-2-methylhexan-2-yl)phenol (3E22NP) and 4-(2,3-dimethylheptan-2-yl)phenol synthesized for their determinations were first used as standard substances. The 13 isomers in the technical mixtures individually occurred at mass percent portion of more than 2%. The total mass percent portions in the mixtures from Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI), Aldrich, and Fluka covered with 89+/-2%, 75+/-4% and 77+/-2%, respectively. The abundance of 4-(3,6-dimethylheptan-3-yl)phenol in the three mixtures was the largest with 11.1+/-2% to 9.9+/-0.3%, while that of 4-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)phenol was the smallest with 2.9+/-0.3% to 3.0+/-0.2%. Additionally, structures of four new isomers of more than 1% portion present in a technical mixture were elucidated as two pairs of diastereomeric isomers: two types of 4-(3,4-dimethylheptan-4-yl)phenol (344NP) and those of 4-(3,4-dimethylheptan-3-yl)phenol (343NP). By estrogenic assay of 13 isomers with yeast estrogen screen system, the activity of 3E22NP was the highest, while that of 4-(3-methyloctan-3-yl)phenol was the least. Their relative activities to that of 3E22NP were individually calculated. Estrogenic equivalent concentrations of the three technical mixtures were predictively evaluated. The ratio of the EEC to the conventional concentration, total mass percent portions of the 13 isomers in technical mixtures were 0.208 for TCI, 0.206 for Aldrich and 0.205 for Fluka. The predicted estrogenic activity of measured concentration of para-NP in technical mixtures was approximately 5-fold greater than the measured estrogen agonist activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Katase
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan.
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Laboratory intercomparison study for the analysis of nonylphenol and octylphenol in river water. Trends Analyt Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2007.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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