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Zhang J, Li K, Xie M, Han Q, Feng L, Qu D, Zhang L, Wang K. A new insight into the low membrane fouling tendency of liquid-liquid hollow fiber membrane contactor capturing ammonia from human urine. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 233:119795. [PMID: 36871380 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To unravel the low membrane fouling tendency and underlying membrane fouling mechanism of liquid-liquid hollow fiber membrane contactor (LL-HFMC) capturing ammonia from human urine, the ammonia flux decline trend, membrane fouling propensity, foulant-membrane thermodynamic interaction energy and microscale force analysis at different feed urine pH were comprehensively investigated. The 21-d continuous experiments showed that the ammonia flux decline trend and membrane fouling propensity significantly strengthened with the decrease of feed urine pH. The calculated foulant-membrane thermodynamic interaction energy decreased with the decreasing feed urine pH and agreed with the ammonia flux decline trend and membrane fouling propensity. The microscale force analysis showed that the absence of hydrodynamic water permeate drag force resulted in the foulant located at long distance from the membrane were difficult to approach the membrane surface, thus considerably alleviating membrane fouling. Additionally, the vital thermodynamic attractive force near the membrane surface increased with the decrease of feed urine pH, which made the membrane fouling further relieved at high pH condition. Therefore, the absence of water permeate drag force and operating at high pH condition minimized the membrane fouling during the LL-HFMC ammonia capture process. The obtained results provide a new insight into the low membrane tendency mechanism of LL-HFMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kuiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Mengfei Xie
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, 25th Floor, Xinsheng Building, 1299 Xinluo Street, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Qi Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Dan Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China
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2
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Adsorption and conformation of polyethylene imine on the SiC/water interface and effects on the dispersion stability of slurry. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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3
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The effect of organic impurities on the efficiency of strontium removal by sorbents based on manganese oxide. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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4
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Cai YH, Gopalakrishnan A, Deshmukh KP, Schäfer AI. Renewable energy powered membrane technology: Implications of adhesive interaction between membrane and organic matter on spontaneous osmotic backwash cleaning. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118752. [PMID: 35810632 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Organic matter (OM) in surface and ground waters may cause membrane fouling that is laborious to clean once established. Spontaneous osmotic backwash (OB) induced by solar irradiance fluctuation has been demonstrated for early mineral scaling/organic fouling control in decentralised small-scale photovoltaic powered-nanofiltration/reverse osmosis (PV-NF/RO) membrane systems. However, various OM types will interact differently with membranes which in turn affects the effectiveness of OB. This work evaluates the suitability of spontaneous OB cleaning for eleven OM types (covering low-molecular-weight organics (LMWO), humic substances, polyphenolic compounds and biopolymers) regarding adhesive interactions with NF/RO membranes. The adhesive interactions were quantified by an asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation coupled with an organic carbon detector (FFFF-OCD). The underlying mechanism of OM-membrane adhesive interactions affecting OB cleaning was elucidated. The results indicate that humic acid (a typical humic substance) and tannic acid (a typical polyphenolic compound) induced stronger adhesive interaction with NF/RO membranes than biopolymers and LMWO. When the mass loss of an OM due to adhesion was below a critical range, the spontaneous OB is most effective (>85% flux recovery); and above this range, the OB becomes ineffective (<50% flux recovery). Polyphenolic compounds and humic substances resulted in lower OB cleaning efficiency, due to their higher aromatic content, enhancing hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Calcium-facilitated adhesion of some OM types (such as humic substances, polyphenolics and biopolymers) increased irreversible organic fouling potential and weakened OB cleaning, which was verified by both FFFF-OCD and membrane filtration results. This work provides a guidance to formulate strategies to enhance spontaneous OB cleaning, such as first identifying the adhesion of OM in feedwater (surface and ground waters) using FFFF-OCD, and then removing "sticky" OM using suitable pre-treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hui Cai
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Akhil Gopalakrishnan
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Kaumudi Pradeep Deshmukh
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andrea I Schäfer
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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5
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Palamarchuk M, Egorin A, Golikov A, Trukhin I, Bratskaya S. Hydrothermal oxidation of pre-dissolved resorcinol-formaldehyde resins as a new approach to safe processing of spent cesium-selective organic ion-exchangers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125880. [PMID: 34492820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Here we report a new approach to predisposal processing of spent resorcinol-formaldehyde resins (RFR) selective to cesium radionuclides via dissolution and hydrothermal oxidation (HTO) with the mineralization efficiency above 85%. Using a combination of potentiometric and colloid titration, we have shown that dissolution of RFR by consecutive treatment with nitric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions at optimal concentrations of 3-5 mol/L and 1 mol/L, respectively, yields colloid solutions of partially depolymerized and oxidized RFR. The efficiency of HTO of resorcinol and RFR solutions with hydrogen peroxide was investigated in a flow-type stainless steel reactor in the temperature range 165-250 °С and at linear flow rates of 1-3 cm/min. It was demonstrated that HTO allowed efficient resorcinol mineralization using hydrogen peroxide at H2O2: resorcinol molar ratios above 10 at 195 °С and a linear flow rate of 2 cm/min. Due to the colloidal nature of organics in RFR solution, its efficient decomposition occurred at higher temperature or molar excess of the oxidizer as compared to resorcinol, but in both cases HTO was the most efficient in acidic media yielding acetic acid as the main oxidation resistant product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Palamarchuk
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Andrey Egorin
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Alexey Golikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Ivan Trukhin
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Svetlana Bratskaya
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-letya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
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6
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Caltran I, Rietveld LC, Shorney-Darby HL, Heijman SGJ. Separating NOM from salts in ion exchange brine with ceramic nanofiltration. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 179:115894. [PMID: 32408185 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In drinking water treatment, natural organic matter (NOM) is effectively removed from surface water using ion exchange (IEX). A main drawback of using IEX for NOM removal is the production of spent IEX regeneration brine, a polluting waste that is expensive to discharge. In this work, we studied ceramic nanofiltration as a treatment for the spent NOM-rich brine, with the aim to reduce the volume of this waste and to recycle salt. Compared to polymeric nanofiltration, the fouling was limited. When NOM is rejected and concentrated, a clean permeate with the regeneration salt (NaCl) could be produced and reused in the IEX regeneration process. Bench scale studies revealed that NOM could be effectively separated from the NaCl solution by steric effects. However, the separation of NaCl from other salts present in the brine, such as Na2SO4, was not sufficient for reuse purposes. The low sulphate rejection was mainly due to the low zeta potential of the membrane at the high ionic strength of the brine. The permeate of the ceramic nanofiltration should be treated further to obtain a sodium chloride quality that can be recycled as a regenerant solution for ion exchange. Further treatment steps will benefit from the removal of NOM from the brine.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Caltran
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Water Management, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - L C Rietveld
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Water Management, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands
| | | | - S G J Heijman
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Water Management, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands
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7
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Li X, Dutta A, Saha S, Lee HS, Lee J. Recovery of dissolved methane from anaerobically treated food waste leachate using solvent-based membrane contactor. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 175:115693. [PMID: 32203817 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The difficulty of dissolved methane recovery remains a major hurdle for mainstream anaerobic wastewater treatment processes. We recently proposed solvent-based membrane contactor (SMC) for high (>90%) methane recovery over a wide temperature range and net-energy production. Here, we investigate the methane recovery efficacy of the SMC process by using an AnMBR effluent from treating food waste leachate. We observed almost identical methane transfer kinetics to the process employing foulant-free methane-saturated feed solutions, with >92% methane recoveries, showing that organic foulants have insignificant impacts on the methane transport in the SMC. We then performed two different membrane contactor experiments: direct-contact membrane-distillation (DCMD, with transmembrane water vapor flow) and SMC (no water vapor flow). From the negligible fouling observed in the SMC experiment, opposite to the DCMD, we elucidate that the absence of water vapor flow renders the SMC process intrinsically robust to membrane fouling. With the low fouling propensity of the SMC process under highly fouling environments, our study highlights the feasibility of SMC processes to enhance the energy production in mainstream anaerobic wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Abhishek Dutta
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Swakshar Saha
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hyung-Sool Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jongho Lee
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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8
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McCarter CPR, Rezanezhad F, Gharedaghloo B, Price JS, Van Cappellen P. [Not Available]. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2019; 225:103497. [PMID: 31102982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2019.103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The dual-porosity structure of peat and the extremely high organic matter content give rise to a complex medium that typically generates prolonged tailing and early 50% concentration breakthrough in the breakthrough curves (BTCs) of chloride (Cl-) and other anions. Untangling whether these observations are due to rate-limited (physical) diffusion into inactive pores, (chemical) adsorption or anion exclusion remains a critical question in peat hydrogeochemistry. This study aimed to elucidate whether Cl- is truly conservative in peat, as usually assumed, and whether the prolonged tailing and early 50% concentration breakthrough of Cl- observed is due to diffusion, adsorption, anion exclusion or a combination of all three. The mobile-immobile (MiM) dual-porosity model was fit to BTCs of Cl- and deuterated water measured on undisturbed cores of the same peat soils, and equilibrium Cl- adsorption batch experiments were conducted. Adsorption of Cl- to undecomposed and decomposed peat samples in batch experiments followed Freundlich isotherms but did not exhibit any trends with the degree of peat decomposition and sorption became negligible below aqueous Cl- concentrations of ~310 mg L-1. The dispersivity determined by fitting the Cl- BTCs whether assuming adsorption or no adsorption were significantly different than determined by the deuterated water (p < .0001). However, no statistical differences in dispersivity (p = .27) or immobile water content (p = .97) was observed between deuterated water and Cl- when accounting for anion exclusion. A higher degree of decomposition significantly increased anion exclusion (p < .0001) but did not influence the diffusion of either tracer into the immobile porosity. Contrary to previous assumptions, Cl- is not truly conservative in peat due to anion exclusion, and adsorption at higher aqueous concentrations, but the overall effect of anion exclusion on transport is likely minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P R McCarter
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - F Rezanezhad
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - B Gharedaghloo
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - J S Price
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - P Van Cappellen
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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9
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Rijnaarts T, Moreno J, Saakes M, de Vos W, Nijmeijer K. Role of anion exchange membrane fouling in reverse electrodialysis using natural feed waters. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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El Fallah R, Rouillon R, Vouvé F. Spectral characterization of the fluorescent components present in humic substances, fulvic acid and humic acid mixed with pure benzo(a)pyrene solution. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 199:71-79. [PMID: 29571093 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fate of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a ubiquitous contaminant reported to be persistent in the environment, is largely controlled by its interactions with the soil organic matter. In the present study, the spectral characteristics of fluorophores present in the physical fractions of the soil organic matter were investigated in the presence of pure BaP solution. After extraction of humic substances (HSs), and their fractionation into fluvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA), two fluorescent compounds (C1 and C2) were identified and characterized in each physical soil fraction, by means of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (FEEMs) and Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC). Then, to each type of fraction having similar DOC content, was added an increasing volume of pure BaP solution in attempt to assess the behavior of BaP with the fluorophores present in each one. The application of FEEMs-PARAFAC method validated a three-component model that consisted of the two resulted fluorophores from HSs, FA and HA (C1 and C2) and a BaP-like fluorophore (C3). Spectral modifications were noted for components C2HSs (C2 in humic substances fraction) (λex/λem: 420/490-520 nm), C2FA (C2 in fulvic acid fraction) (λex/λem: 400/487(517) nm) and C1HA (C1 in humic acid fraction) (λex/λem: 350/452(520) nm). We explored the impact of increasing the volume of the added pure BaP solution on the scores of the fluorophores present in the soil fractions. It was found that the scores of C2HSs, C2FA, and C1HA increased when the volume of the added pure BaP solution increased. Superposition of the excitation spectra of these fluorophores with the emission spectrum of BaP showed significant overlaps that might explain the observed interactions between BaP and the fluorescent compounds present in SOM physical fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawa El Fallah
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement, 66860 Perpignan, France; Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, USR 3579 Sorbonne Universités (UPMC) Paris 6 et CNRS Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Régis Rouillon
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement, 66860 Perpignan, France; Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, USR 3579 Sorbonne Universités (UPMC) Paris 6 et CNRS Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Florence Vouvé
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement, 66860 Perpignan, France; Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, USR 3579 Sorbonne Universités (UPMC) Paris 6 et CNRS Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France.
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11
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Klučáková M. Characterization of pH-fractionated humic acids with respect to their dissociation behaviour. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:7722-7731. [PMID: 26746402 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Humic acids were divided into several fractions using buffer solutions as extraction agents with different pH values. Two methods of fractionation were used. The first one was subsequent dissolution of bulk humic acids in buffers adjusted to different pH. The second one was sequential dissolution in buffers with increasing pH values. Experimental data were compared with hypothesis of partial solubility of humic acids in aqueous solutions. Behaviour of humic fractions obtained by sequential dissolution, original bulk sample and residual fractions obtained by subsequent dissolution at pH 10 and 12 agrees with the hypothesis. Results demonstrated that regardless the common mechanism, solubility and dissociation degree of various humic fractions may be very different and can be estimated using parameters of the model based on the proposed mechanism. Presented results suggest that dissolving of solid humic acids in water environment is more complex than conventional solubility behaviour of sparingly soluble solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Klučáková
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials Research Centre, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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12
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Neubauer E, Köhler SJ, von der Kammer F, Laudon H, Hofmann T. Effect of pH and stream order on iron and arsenic speciation in boreal catchments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:7120-8. [PMID: 23692297 DOI: 10.1021/es401193j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Riverine transport of iron (Fe) and arsenic (As) is affected by their associations with natural organic matter (NOM) and suspended iron (oxy)hydroxides. Speciation has a strong influence on element transport from the headwaters to the ocean because NOM may be transported over longer distances compared to iron (oxy)hydroxides. We show that Fe speciation changes along the flow path of a boreal watercourse, as water moves from NOM-rich, acidic first-order streams with pH as low as 3.9 to less acidic higher-order systems (up to pH 6.4). Analysis by Flow Field-Flow Fractionation and chemical equilibrium modeling revealed that Fe from wetland-dominated headwaters was mainly exported as Fe-NOM complexes; in catchments with a stream order >1 and with higher pH, Fe was present in Fe-NOM complexes and precipitated as nanoparticulate iron(oxy)hydroxides which aggregated as the pH increased, with their size eventually exceeding the membrane filters cutoff (0.2 μm). The measured NOM-bound Fe decreased with increasing pH, from 0.38 to 0.16 mmol Fe·g(NOM)(-1). The high concentrations of NOM-bound Fe emphasize the importance of boreal catchments to Fe export to the oceans. Concentrations of As in the <0.2 μm fraction but larger than what is usually considered "truly dissolved" (<1000 g·mol(-1)), decreased from 75% to 26% with increasing pH. The As in this size range was mainly associated with NOM but at pH >4.5 became associated with iron(oxy)hydroxides, and its transport thus became more coupled to that of the iron(oxy)hydroxides downstream in the circumneutral streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Neubauer
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Bataller R, Campos I, Laguarda-Miro N, Alcañiz M, Soto J, Martínez-Máñez R, Gil L, García-Breijo E, Ibáñez-Civera J. Glyphosate detection by means of a voltammetric electronic tongue and discrimination of potential interferents. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2012; 12:17553-68. [PMID: 23250277 PMCID: PMC3571853 DOI: 10.3390/s121217553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new electronic tongue to monitor the presence of glyphosate (a non-selective systemic herbicide) has been developed. It is based on pulse voltammetry and consists in an array of three working electrodes (Pt, Co and Cu) encapsulated on a methacrylate cylinder. The electrochemical response of the sensing array was characteristic of the presence of glyphosate in buffered water (phosphate buffer 0.1 mol · dm-3, pH 6.7). Rotating disc electrode (RDE) studies were carried out with Pt, Co and Cu electrodes in water at room temperature and at pH 6.7 using 0.1 mol · dm-3 of phosphate as a buffer. In the presence of glyphosate, the corrosion current of the Cu and Co electrodes increased significantly, probably due to the formation of Cu2+ or Co2+ complexes. The pulse array waveform for the voltammetric tongue was designed by taking into account some of the redox processes observed in the electrochemical studies. The PCA statistical analysis required four dimensions to explain 95% of variance. Moreover, a two-dimensional representation of the two principal components differentiated the water mixtures containing glyphosate. Furthermore, the PLS statistical analyses allowed the creation of a model to correlate the electrochemical response of the electrodes with glyphosate concentrations, even in the presence of potential interferents such as humic acids and Ca2+. The system offers a PLS prediction model for glyphosate detection with values of 098, -2.3 × 10-5 and 0.94 for the slope, the intercept and the regression coefficient, respectively, which is in agreement with the good fit between the predicted and measured concentrations. The results suggest the feasibility of this system to help develop electronic tongues for glyphosate detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Román Bataller
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
| | - Inmaculada Campos
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mails: (I.C.); (J.S.); (R.M.M.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nano medicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Laguarda-Miro
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
| | - Miguel Alcañiz
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Camino de Vera, s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mails: (M.A.); (L.G.); (E.G.B.); (J.I.C.)
| | - Juan Soto
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mails: (I.C.); (J.S.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mails: (I.C.); (J.S.); (R.M.M.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nano medicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luís Gil
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Camino de Vera, s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mails: (M.A.); (L.G.); (E.G.B.); (J.I.C.)
| | - Eduardo García-Breijo
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Camino de Vera, s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mails: (M.A.); (L.G.); (E.G.B.); (J.I.C.)
| | - Javier Ibáñez-Civera
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mail:
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Camino de Vera, s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain; E-Mails: (M.A.); (L.G.); (E.G.B.); (J.I.C.)
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Michałowski T, Asuero AG. New Approaches in Modeling Carbonate Alkalinity and Total Alkalinity. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2012.660067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Iglesias A, López R, Gondar D, Antelo J, Fiol S, Arce F. Effect of pH and ionic strength on the binding of paraquat and MCPA by soil fulvic and humic acids. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 76:107-113. [PMID: 19269671 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Revised: 02/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effect of pH and ionic strength on the interaction between pesticides (paraquat and MCPA) and humic substances (soil extracted humic acid and fulvic acid) was interpreted with a simple electrostatic model. Potentiometric titrations were carried out, the charge curves for the humic substances were obtained for three values of ionic strength, and the parameters that define proton binding to humic and fulvic acid were calculated by application of the NICA-Donnan model. The binding isotherms were obtained for paraquat-humic acid and paraquat-fulvic acid at three different pH values and two ionic strengths, and the MCPA-fulvic acid binding isotherms for two pH values and two ionic strengths. Binding experiments were carried out by use of a membrane dialysis technique and the concentrations of pesticide were measured by HPLC. The amount of paraquat bound to the humic substances increased with pH, decreased with increasing ionic strength, decreased in the presence of Ca(2+) and was greater for humic acid than for fulvic acid. Much less binding was observed with MCPA than with paraquat, and therefore the isotherms were not well defined. The application of a simple electrostatic model enabled us to conclude that the effect of pH and ionic strength on binding of paraquat to humic substances is due to the effect that these parameters have on the humic substance charge, and the model provided an excellent reproduction of the experimental binding isotherms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iglesias
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Adsorption of Pb(II) on diatomite as affected via aqueous solution chemistry and temperature. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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