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Soliman MM, Alotaibi KS, Albattal SB, Althobaiti S, Al-Harthi HF, Mehmood A. Ameliorative impacts of astaxanthin against atrazine-induced renal toxicity through the modulation of ionic homeostasis and Nrf2 signaling pathways in mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae071. [PMID: 38720817 PMCID: PMC11074709 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (ASX), a red pigment belonging to carotenoids, has antioxidant activity and anti-oxidative stress effect. Atrazine (ATZ), a frequently used herbicide, whose degradation products are the cause for nephrosis and other oxidative stress associated diseases. This study was aimed to reveal the potential protective mechanism of astaxanthin against atrazine-induced nephrosis. Atrazine was orally given (250 mg/kg bw) to the mice along with astaxanthin (100 mg/kg bw) for 28 days. Serum biochemical indicators, oxidative stress biomarkers, ATPase activities, ion concentration, histomorphology, and various renal genes expression linked with apoptosis, Nrf2 signaling pathway, and aquaporins (AQPs) were assessed. It was found that serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and MDA levels were significantly increased after the treatment of atrazine, whereas serum renal oxidative stress indicators like CAT, GSH, T-AOC, SOD decreased. Renal histopathology showed that atrazine significantly damaged renal tissues. The activities of Ca 2+-Mg 2+-ATPase were increased whereas Na +-K +-ATPase decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Moreover, results confirmed that the expression of AQPs, Nrf2, and apoptosis genes were also altered after atrazine administration. Interestingly, astaxanthin supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) improved atrazine-induced nephrotoxicity via decreasing SCr, BUN, oxidative stress, ionic homeostasis and reversing the changes in AQPs, Nrf2, and apoptosis gene expression. These findings collectively suggested that astaxanthin has strong potential ameliorative impact against atrazine induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Turabah, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Alotaibi
- General Science and English Language Department, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 71666, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shatha B Albattal
- General Science and English Language Department, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 71666, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saed Althobaiti
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Turabah, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Helal F Al-Harthi
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Turabah, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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2
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Chang J, Fang W, Chen L, Zhang P, Zhang G, Zhang H, Liang J, Wang Q, Ma W. Toxicological effects, environmental behaviors and remediation technologies of herbicide atrazine in soil and sediment: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136006. [PMID: 35973488 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine has become one of the most popular applied triazine herbicides in the world due to its high herbicidal efficiency and low price. With its large-dosage and long-term use on a global scale, atrazine can cause widespread and persistent contamination of soil and sediment. This review systematically evaluates the toxicological effects, environmental risks, environmental behaviors (adsorption, transport and transformation, and bioaccumulation) of atrazine, and the remediation technologies of atrazine-contaminated soil and sediment. For the adsorption behavior of atrazine on soil and sediment, the organic matter content plays an extremely important role in the adsorption process. Various models and equations such as the multi-media fugacity model and solute transport model are used to analyze the migration and transformation process of atrazine in soil and sediment. It is worth noting that certain transformation products of atrazine in the environment even have stronger toxicity and mobility than its parent. Among various remediation technologies, the combination of microbial remediation and phytoremediation for atrazine-contaminated soil and sediment has wide application prospects. Although other remediation technologies such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) can also efficiently remove atrazine from soil, some potential problems still need to be further clarified. Finally, some related challenges and prospects are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Chang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Le Chen
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Panyue Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Jinsong Liang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qingyan Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weifang Ma
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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3
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Luo S, Zhen Z, Zhu X, Ren L, Wu W, Zhang W, Chen Y, Zhang D, Song Z, Lin Z, Liang YQ. Accelerated atrazine degradation and altered metabolic pathways in goat manure assisted soil bioremediation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112432. [PMID: 34166937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The intensive and long-term use of atrazine in agriculture has resulted in serious environmental pollution and consequently endangered ecosystem and human health. Soil microorganisms play an important role in atrazine degradation. However, their degradation efficiencies are relatively low due to their slow growth and low abundance, and manure amendment as a practice to improve soil nutrients and microbial activities can solve these problems. This study investigated the roles of goat manure in atrazine degradation performance, metabolites and bacterial community structure. Our results showed that atrazine degradation efficiencies in un-amended soils were 26.9-35.7% and increased to 60.9-84.3% in goat manure amended treatments. Hydroxyatrazine pathway was not significantly altered, whereas deethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine pathways were remarkably enhanced in treatments amended with manure by encouraging the N-dealkylation of atrazine side chains. In addition, goat manure significantly increased soil pH and contents of organic matters and humus, explaining the change of atrazine metabolic pathway. Nocardioides, Sphingomonas and Massilia were positively correlated with atrazine degradation efficiency and three metabolites, suggesting their preference in atrazine contaminated soils and potential roles in atrazine degradation. Our findings suggested that goat manure acts as both bacterial inoculum and nutrients to improve soil microenvironment, and its amendment is a potential practice in accelerating atrazine degradation at contaminated sites, offering an efficient, cheap, and eco-friendly strategy for herbicide polluted soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Luo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- The Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute, Guangzhou 510000, PR China
| | - Lei Ren
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Weijian Wu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Weijian Zhang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Yijie Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Dayi Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zhiguang Song
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, PR China
| | - Zhong Lin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, PR China.
| | - Yan-Qiu Liang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China.
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Deng S, Jothinathan L, Cai Q, Li R, Wu M, Ong SL, Hu J. FeO x@GAC catalyzed microbubble ozonation coupled with biological process for industrial phenolic wastewater treatment: Catalytic performance, biological process screening and microbial characteristics. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116687. [PMID: 33279753 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are common ccontaminants in industrial effluents. In this study, a combined catalytic microbubble ozonation and biological process was developed and applied for efficient industrial phenolic wastewater (PWW) treatment. Catalytic activity of an iron-oxides (FeOx) doped granular activated carbon (GAC) catalyst (FeOx@GAC) in microbubble ozonation for PWW treatment was investigated. The results demonstrated that the FeOx@GAC catalyzed microbubble ozonation (O3/FeOx@GAC) obtained significantly higher reaction rate constant (k1 = 0.023 min-1) in TOC removal compared to the bare GAC catalyzed microbubble ozonation (O3/GAC, k1 = 0.013 min-1) and ordinary microbubble ozonation (k1 = 0.008 min-1). Destruction rate constant of phenolic compounds (k2) was improved from 0.014 min-1 (ordinary microbubble ozonation) to 0.025 min-1 (O3/FeOx@GAC). The 60-min pretreatment of PWW by O3/FeOx@GAC process enhanced BOD5/COD ratio from 0.31 to 0.76 and reduced the acute bio-toxicity by 79.2%. Screening and characterization of biological post-treatment processes were conducted among activated sludge process (ASP), up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and membrane bioreactor (MBR). UASB and ASP showed limited phenolic compounds removal of 35.4% and 57.0% with lower bio-toxicity resistance than MBR (94.9% phenolic compounds removal). The combined process O3/FeOx@GAC-MBR was thus developed and achieved high COD removal (98.0%) and phenolic compounds degradation (99.4%). PWW pretreatment by O3/FeOx@GAC process decreased membrane fouling rate of MBR by 88.2% by reducing proteins/polysaccharides accumulation in both extracellular polymeric substances and soluble microbial products. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing revealed the predominance of phylum Proteobacteria, class Alphaproteobacteria and genera Mycobacterium, Gordonia, Pedomicrobium & Defluviimonas in biological PWW treatment bio-systems. Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA analysis verified that Mycobacterium possessed high bio-toxicity resistance and was the main contributor to the biodegradation of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Deng
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Lakshmi Jothinathan
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Qinqing Cai
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Rui Li
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Mengyuan Wu
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Say Leong Ong
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Jiangyong Hu
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
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5
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Dou R, Sun J, Deng F, Wang P, Zhou H, Wei Z, Chen M, He Z, Lai M, Ye T, Zhu L. Contamination of pyrethroids and atrazine in greenhouse and open-field agricultural soils in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134916. [PMID: 31726407 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A national-scale survey was conducted to assess the levels and distribution of two extensively used pesticides (pyrethroids and atrazine) in greenhouse and open-field soils in 20 provinces across China. Concentrations between 1.30 and 113 ng/g and 0.51-85.4 ng/g for the total pyrethroids (PYs) and of LOD-137 ng/g and LOD-134 ng/g for atrazine were found in greenhouse and open-field soils, respectively. Higher contaminations were found in the greenhouse than in the open fields. The levels of total pyrethroids in 80% of the greenhouses and of atrazine in 60% of the greenhouses were significantly higher than those in the nearby open-field soils (p < 0.05), respectively. The contamination of PYs and atrazine was generally more serious in the northern provinces of China, such as Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Beijing, and Hebei. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the contamination of PYs was significantly correlated with the soil total organic carbon (TOC) value in both greenhouse and open-field soils. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that PYs might have an impact on the microbial alpha diversity, while cyhalothrin and cypermethrin may be the key factors affecting the microbial community in the greenhouse and open-field soils. The soil samples containing pesticide residues showed distinct taxonomic and functional communities, where an increased diversity and abundance of microorganisms able to degrade pesticides was observed with high-level PYs contamination. These findings provide useful information for evaluating PYs and atrazine pollution and for contamination management in greenhouse agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongni Dou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Jianteng Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Fucai Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Pingli Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Haijun Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Zi Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Meiqin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Zhenxian He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Menglan Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Tiancai Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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6
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Zhang JJ, Wang YK, Zhou JH, Xie F, Guo QN, Lu FF, Jin SF, Zhu HM, Yang H. Reduced phytotoxicity of propazine on wheat, maize and rapeseed by salicylic acid. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:42-50. [PMID: 29960913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Propazine belongs to the triazine herbicide family and widely used in the farmland for crop production. Recent studies have shown that the residue of propazine in environment is accumulative. This inevitably results in accumulation of propazine in crops. Therefore, reduction of propazine toxicity and accumulation in crops is critically important. In this study, the growth of wheat, maize and rapeseed was significantly inhibited by 2, 8 and 0.4 mg kg-1 propazine in soils. The chlorophyll content of the three crops also showed significant decrease, while the electrolyte permeability, a biomarker of cellular damage, increased in the plant cells. However, when plants were sprayed with 5 mg L-1 of salicylic acid (SA), the propazine phytotoxicity of the crops was relieved, with increased chlorophyll content and reduced electrolyte permeability of all crops. Meanwhile, the activities of peroxidase (POD) and glutathione transferase (GST) remained lower. The propazine accumulation in the crops and the residues in the soil were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The concentration of propazine in plants and soils treated by SA was less than that of the untreated control. Six propazine degraded products (derivatives) in rhizosphere of wheat were characterized using ultraperformance liquid chromatography with a quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer. Our work indicates that the improved growth of crops was possibly due to the acceleration of propazine degradation by salicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ya Kun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Hua Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qian Nan Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Fan Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - She Feng Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Mei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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7
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Growth of Paenarthrobacter aurescens strain TC1 on atrazine and isopropylamine during osmotic stress. ANN MICROBIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-018-1364-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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8
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Igiehon NO, Babalola OO. Rhizosphere Microbiome Modulators: Contributions of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria towards Sustainable Agriculture. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040574. [PMID: 29570619 PMCID: PMC5923616 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbiome which has been shown to enhance plant growth and yield are modulated or influenced by a few environmental factors such as soil type, plant cultivar, climate change and anthropogenic activities. In particular, anthropogenic activity, such as the use of nitrogen-based chemical fertilizers, is associated with environmental destruction and this calls for a more ecofriendly strategy to increase nitrogen levels in agricultural land. This feat is attainable by harnessing nitrogen-fixing endophytic and free-living rhizobacteria. Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum and Bacillus, have been found to have positive impacts on crops by enhancing both above and belowground biomass and could therefore play positive roles in achieving sustainable agriculture outcomes. Thus, it is necessary to study this rhizosphere microbiome with more sophisticated culture-independent techniques such as next generation sequencing (NGS) with the prospect of discovering novel bacteria with plant growth promoting traits. This review is therefore aimed at discussing factors that can modulate rhizosphere microbiome with focus on the contributions of nitrogen fixing bacteria towards sustainable agricultural development and the techniques that can be used for their study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ozede Igiehon
- Food Security and Safety Niche, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, Private Mail Bag X2046, North West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Niche, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, Private Mail Bag X2046, North West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
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9
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Zhou Q, Chen L, Wang Z, Wang J, Ni S, Qiu J, Liu X, Zhang X, Chen X. Fast atrazine degradation by the mixed cultures enriched from activated sludge and analysis of their microbial community succession. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22152-22157. [PMID: 28455570 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, fast atrazine degradation by the mixed bacterial cultures from sewage sludge was investigated. The acquired activated cultures showed great capability in atrazine degradation. The biodegradation process was well fitted into a pseudo-first reaction kinetic model. Atrazine could inhibit the propagation of ammonium oxidation bacteria and nitrite oxidation bacteria, decreasing the ammonium removal rate and the accumulation of nitrite. Only 162-172 reads of Nitrosomonadaceae and no Nitrospirales were detected after atrazine was exposed to the mixed cultures. The bacterial community structures in the cultures under different inoculation conditions (with or without atrazine) were investigated to explore the mechanism of atrazine degradation. Our results show that the genera Thiobacillus and Ferruginibacter were the most possible candidates responsible for the degradation of atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Zhou
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Processing Technology of Agricultural Product, 202# Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Chen
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Processing Technology of Agricultural Product, 202# Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Wang
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Processing Technology of Agricultural Product, 202# Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouqing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiying Qiu
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Processing Technology of Agricultural Product, 202# Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Processing Technology of Agricultural Product, 202# Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Processing Technology of Agricultural Product, 202# Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyan Chen
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Processing Technology of Agricultural Product, 202# Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
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Ding X, Wang S, Shen W, Mu Y, Wang L, Chen H, Zhang L. Fe@Fe 2O 3 promoted electrochemical mineralization of atrazine via a triazinon ring opening mechanism. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 112:9-18. [PMID: 28110246 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an electrochemical/electro-Fenton oxidation (EC/EF) system was designed to degrade atrazine, by utilizing boron-doped diamond (BDD) and Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires loaded active carbon fiber (Fe@Fe2O3/ACF) as the anode and the cathode, respectively. This EC/EF system exhibited much higher degradation rate, decholorination and mineralization efficiency of atrazine than the electrochemical (EC) and electrochemical/traditional electro-Fenton (EC/TEF) oxidation counterpart systems without Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires. Active species trapping experiment revealed that Fe@Fe2O3 could activate molecular oxygen to produce more OH through Fenton reaction, which favored the atrazine degradation. High performance liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were applied to probe the decomposition and mineralization of atrazine during this novel EC/EF process, which revealed that two intermediates of triazinons (the isomerization of hydroxylated atrazine) were generated during the electrochemical/electro-Fenton oxidation of atrazine in the presence of Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires. The experimental and theoretical calculation results suggested that atrazine might be degraded via a triazinon ring opening mechanism, while the presence of Fe@Fe2O3 notably accelerated the decholorination process, and produced more hydroxylated products to promote the generation of trazinons and the subsequent ring cleavage as well as the final complete mineralization. This work provides a deep insight into the triazine ring opening mechanism and the design of efficient electrochemical advanced oxidation technologies (EAOTs) for persistent organic pollutant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shengyao Wang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wanqiu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, PR China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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11
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Sun JT, Pan LL, Zhan Y, Tsang DCW, Zhu LZ, Li XD. Atrazine contamination in agricultural soils from the Yangtze River Delta of China and associated health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2017; 39:369-378. [PMID: 27435488 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is one of the most widely applied and persistent herbicides in the world. In view of limited information on the regional contamination of atrazine in soils in China, this study investigated the spatial distribution and environmental impacts of atrazine in agricultural soils collected from the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) as an illustrative analysis of rapidly developing regions in the country. The results showed that the concentrations of atrazine in the YRD agricultural soils ranged from <1.0 to 113 ng/g dry weight, with a mean of 5.7 ng/g, and a detection rate of 57.7 % in soils. Pesticide factory might be a major source for the elevated levels of atrazine in Zhejiang Province. The contamination of atrazine was closely associated with land use types. The concentrations and detection rates of atrazine were higher in corn fields and mulberry fields than in rice paddy fields. There was no significant difference in compositions of soil microbial phospholipids fatty acids among the areas with different atrazine levels. Positive relationship (R = 0.417, p < 0.05, n = 30) was observed between atrazine and total microbial biomass. However, other factors, such as soil type and land management practice, might have stronger influences on soil microbial communities. Human health risks via exposure to atrazine in soils were estimated according to the methods recommended by the US EPA. Atrazine by itself in all the soil samples imposed very low carcinogenic risks (<10-6) and minimal non-cancer risks (hazard index <1) to adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Sun
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - L L Pan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - L Z Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - X D Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Pereira ARB, Pereira PM, de França ADS, da Silva M, Ferreira-Leitão VS. Propazine degradation by intra- and extracellular enzymes from Pleurotus ostreatus INCQS 40310. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2016.1227795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Fang H, Lian J, Wang H, Cai L, Yu Y. Exploring bacterial community structure and function associated with atrazine biodegradation in repeatedly treated soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 286:457-65. [PMID: 25603295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Substantial application of the herbicide atrazine in agriculture leads to persistent contamination, which may damage the succeeding crops and pose potential threats to soil ecology and environmental health. Here, the degradation characteristics of atrazine and dynamic change of soil bacterial community structure and function as well as their relations were studied during three repeated treatments at the recommended, double, and five-fold doses. The results showed that the degradation half-life of atrazine obviously decreased with increased treatment frequency. Soil microbial functional diversity displayed a variation trend of suppression-recovery-stimulation, which was associated with increased degradation rate of atrazine. 16S amplicon sequencing was conducted to explore bacterial community structure and correlate the genus to potential atrazine degradation. A total of seven potentially atrazine-degrading bacterial genera were found including Nocardioides, Arthrobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Burkholderia, Methylobacterium, Mycobacterium, and Clostridium. These bacterial genera showed almost complete atrazine degradation pathways including dechlorination, dealkylation, hydroxylation, and ring cleavage. Furthermore, the relative abundance of four of them (i.e., Nocardioides, Arthrobacter, Methylobacterium, and Bradyrhizobium) increased with treatment frequency and atrazine concentration, suggesting that they may participate in atrazine degradation during repeated treatments. Our findings reveal the potential relationship between atrazine degradation and soil bacterial community structure in repeatedly treated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianjun Lian
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunlong Yu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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14
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Wang L, Cao M, Ai Z, Zhang L. Dramatically enhanced aerobic atrazine degradation with Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires by tetrapolyphosphate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:3354-3362. [PMID: 24527762 DOI: 10.1021/es404741x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of an inorganic ligand tetrapolyphosphate on the molecular oxygen activation and the subsequent aerobic atrazine degradation by Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires were investigated systematically at a circumneutral to alkaline pH range (pH 6.0-9.0). We interestingly found that the addition of tetrapolyphosphate could enhance the aerobic atrazine degradation rate 955 times, which was even 10 times that of the traditional organic ligand ethylenediamine tetraacetate. This tetrapolyphosphate induced dramatic aerobic atrazine degradation enhancement could be attributed to two factors. One was that the presence of tetrapolyphosphate strongly suppressed hydrogen evolution from the reduction of proton by Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires through proton confinement, leaving over more electrons for the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) and the subsequent molecular oxygen activation. The other was that the complexation of tetrapolyphosphate with ferrous ions not only guaranteed enough soluble Fe(II) for Fenton reaction, but also provided another route to produce more •OH in the solution via the single-electron molecular oxygen reduction pathway. We employed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the atrazine degradation intermediates and proposed a possible aerobic atrazine degradation pathway. This study not only sheds light on the promotion effects of ligands on the molecular oxygen activation by nanoscale zerovalent iron, but also offers a facile and green iron-based method for the oxidative atrazine removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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15
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Baghapour MA, Nasseri S, Derakhshan Z. Atrazine removal from aqueous solutions using submerged biological aerated filter. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2013; 11:6. [PMID: 24499572 PMCID: PMC3776298 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-11-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is widely used in the agriculture as an herbicide. Due to its high mobility, Atrazine leaks into the groundwaters, surface waters, and drinking water wells. Many physical and chemical methods have been suggested for removing Atrazine from aquatic environments. However, these methods are very costly, have many performance problems, produce a lot of toxic intermediates which are very harmful and dangerous, and cannot completely mineralize Atrazine. In this study, biodegradation of Atrazine by microbial consortium was evaluated in the aquatic environment. In order to assess the Atrazine removal from the aquatic environment, submerged biological aerated filter (SBAF) was fed with synthetic wastewater based on sucrose and Atrazine at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The maximum efficiencies for Atrazine and Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (SCOD) removal were 97.9% and 98.9%, respectively. The study findings showed that Stover-Kincannon model had very good fitness (R2 > 99%) in loading Atrazine in the biofilter and by increasing the initial concentration of Atrazine, the removal efficiency increased. Aerobic mixed biofilm culture was observed to be suitable for the treatment of Atrazine from aquatic environment. There was no significant inhibition effect on mixed aerobic microbial consortia. Atrazine degradation depended on the strength of wastewater and the amount of Atrazine in the influent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Baghapour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Simin Nasseri
- Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Derakhshan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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16
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Morgante V, Flores C, Fadic X, González M, Hernández M, Cereceda-Balic F, Seeger M. Influence of microorganisms and leaching on simazine attenuation in an agricultural soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2012; 95 Suppl:S300-S305. [PMID: 21802195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Simazine is an s-triazine herbicide world widely used for the control of broadleaf weeds. The influence of leaching and microorganisms on simazine attenuation in an agricultural soil long-term treated with this herbicide was studied. To elucidate the leaching potential of simazine in this soil, undisturbed soil columns amended with simazine were placed in a specially designed system and an artificial precipitation was simulated. To evaluate the simazine removal by soil microorganisms, three soil microcosm sets were established: i) control soil; ii) soil subjected to gamma irradiation (γ-soil) and iii) γ-soil inoculated with the simazine-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain MHP41. The simazine-degrading microorganisms in soil were estimated using an indicator for respiration combined with MPN enumeration. The simazine removal in soil was monitored by GC-ECD and HPLC. In this agricultural soil the leaching of the applied simazine was negligible. The gamma irradiation decreased in more than one order of magnitude the cultivable heterotrophic bacteria and reduced the simazine-degrading microorganisms. Simazine was almost completely depleted (97%) in control soil by natural attenuation after 23 d, whereas in γ-soil only 70% of simazine was removed. The addition of the simazine-degrading strain MHP41 to γ-soil restored and upheld high stable simazine catabolic microorganisms as well as increased the simazine removal (87%). The results indicated that simazine is subjected to microbial degradation with negligible leaching in this agricultural soil and pointed out the crucial role of native microbiota in the herbicide removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Morgante
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Center for Nanotechnology and Systems Biology, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida Espana 1680, Valparaíso, Chile
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17
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Ho L, Grasset C, Hoefel D, Dixon MB, Leusch FDL, Newcombe G, Saint CP, Brookes JD. Assessing granular media filtration for the removal of chemical contaminants from wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:3461-3472. [PMID: 21529882 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Granular media filtration was evaluated for the removal of a suite of chemical contaminants that can be found in wastewater. Laboratory- and pilot-scale sand and granular activated carbon (GAC) filters were trialled for their ability to remove atrazine, estrone (E1), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA). In general, sand filtration was ineffective in removing the contaminants from a tertiary treated wastewater, with the exception of E1 and EE2, where efficient removals were observed after approximately 150 d. Batch degradation experiments confirmed that the removal of E1 was through biological activity, with a pseudo-first-order degradation rate constant of 7.4 × 10(-3) h(-1). GAC filtration was initially able to effectively remove all contaminants; although removals decreased over time due to competition with other organics present in the water. The only exception was atrazine where removal remained consistently high throughout the experiment. Previously unreported differences were observed in the adsorption of the three nitrosamines, with the ease of removal following the trend, NDEA > NMOR > NDMA, consistent with their hydrophobic character. In most instances the removals from the pilot-scale filters were generally in agreement with the laboratory-scale filter, suggesting that there is potential in using laboratory-scale filters as monitoring tools to evaluate the performance of pilot- and possibly full-scale sand and GAC filters at wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Ho
- Australian Water Quality Centre, SA Water Corporation, 250 Victoria Square, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.
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18
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A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for atrazine and its main metabolites in the adult male C57BL/6 mouse. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2010; 251:16-31. [PMID: 21094656 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is a chlorotriazine herbicide that is widely used and relatively persistent in the environment. In laboratory rodents, excessive exposure to ATR is detrimental to the reproductive, immune, and nervous systems. To better understand the toxicokinetics of ATR and to fill the need for a mouse model, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for ATR and its main chlorotriazine metabolites (Cl-TRIs) desethyl atrazine (DE), desisopropyl atrazine (DIP), and didealkyl atrazine (DACT) was developed for the adult male C57BL/6 mouse. Taking advantage of all relevant and recently made available mouse-specific data, a flow-limited PBPK model was constructed. The ATR and DACT sub-models included blood, brain, liver, kidney, richly and slowly perfused tissue compartments, as well as plasma protein binding and red blood cell binding, whereas the DE and DIP sub-models were constructed as simple five-compartment models. The model adequately simulated plasma levels of ATR and Cl-TRIs and urinary dosimetry of Cl-TRIs at four single oral dose levels (250, 125, 25, and 5mg/kg). Additionally, the model adequately described the dose dependency of brain and liver ATR and DACT concentrations. Cumulative urinary DACT amounts were accurately predicted across a wide dose range, suggesting the model's potential use for extrapolation to human exposures by performing reverse dosimetry. The model was validated using previously reported data for plasma ATR and DACT in mice and rats. Overall, besides being the first mouse PBPK model for ATR and its Cl-TRIs, this model, by analogy, provides insights into tissue dosimetry for rats. The model could be used in tissue dosimetry prediction and as an aid in the exposure assessment to this widely used herbicide.
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Panuwet P, Wade EL, Nguyen JV, Montesano MA, Needham LL, Barr DB. Quantification of cyanuric acid residue in human urine using high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:2916-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Arbeli Z, Fuentes C. Prevalence of the gene trzN and biogeographic patterns among atrazine-degrading bacteria isolated from 13 Colombian agricultural soils. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 73:611-23. [PMID: 20597985 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The following study evaluated the diversity and biogeography of 83 new atrazine-degrading bacteria and the composition of their atrazine degradation genes. These strains were isolated from 13 agricultural soils and grouped according to rep-PCR genomic fingerprinting into 11 major clusters, which showed biogeographic patterns. Three clusters (54 strains) belonged to the genus Arthrobacter, seven clusters (28 strains) were similar to the genus Nocardioides and only one strain was a gram-negative from the genus Ancylobacter. PCR assays for the detection of the genes atzA, B, C, D, E, F and trzN conducted with each of the 83 strains revealed that 82 strains (all gram positive) possessed trzN, 74 of them possessed the combination of trzN, atzB and atzC, while only the gram-negative strain had atzA. A similar PCR assay for the two analogous genes, atzA and trzN, responsible for the first step of atrazine degradation, was performed with DNA extracted directly from the enrichment cultures and microcosms spiked with atrazine. In these assays, the gene trzN was detected in each culture, while atzA was detected in only six out of 13 soils. These results raise an interesting hypothesis on the evolutionary ecology of the two atrazine chlorohydrolase genes (i.e. atzA and trzN) and about the biogeography of atrazine-degrading bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Arbeli
- Faculty of Agronomy, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Jason Krutz L, Shaner DL, Weaver MA, Webb RM, Zablotowicz RM, Reddy KN, Huang Y, Thomson SJ. Agronomic and environmental implications of enhanced s-triazine degradation. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2010; 66:461-481. [PMID: 20127867 DOI: 10.1002/ps.1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Novel catabolic pathways enabling rapid detoxification of s-triazine herbicides have been elucidated and detected at a growing number of locations. The genes responsible for s-triazine mineralization, i.e. atzABCDEF and trzNDF, occur in at least four bacterial phyla and are implicated in the development of enhanced degradation in agricultural soils from all continents except Antarctica. Enhanced degradation occurs in at least nine crops and six crop rotation systems that rely on s-triazine herbicides for weed control, and, with the exception of acidic soil conditions and s-triazine application frequency, adaptation of the microbial population is independent of soil physiochemical properties and cultural management practices. From an agronomic perspective, residual weed control could be reduced tenfold in s-triazine-adapted relative to non-adapted soils. From an environmental standpoint, the off-site loss of total s-triazine residues could be overestimated 13-fold in adapted soils if altered persistence estimates and metabolic pathways are not reflected in fate and transport models. Empirical models requiring soil pH and s-triazine use history as input parameters predict atrazine persistence more accurately than historical estimates, thereby allowing practitioners to adjust weed control strategies and model input values when warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jason Krutz
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Crop Production Systems Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
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