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Takiguchi T, Vu HT, Nishino Y. Effects of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans, and Dioxin-like PCBs on Teeth and Bones in Animals and Humans. TOXICS 2022; 11:7. [PMID: 36668733 PMCID: PMC9866321 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bone metabolism is regulated by endocrine systems, so people exposed to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) may suffer adverse effects on bones and teeth. We reviewed previous publications in which effects of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls on the teeth and bones of animals and humans were found. The aim was to identify future research directions, particularly for epidemiological studies of populations exposed to PCDD/Fs in the environment. Exposure of fetuses to PCDD/Fs may affect odontogenesis, particularly enamel formation, but the effects of PCDD/Fs on bone genesis are limited to palatine bone. Exposure to PCDD/Fs in milk may affect both teeth and bones, but the effects on bones may be reversible. Exposure to high PCDD/F concentrations even during adulthood may adversely affect teeth. Exposure to PCDD/Fs may induce osteogenesis and improve bone properties because the disrupting effects of PCDD/Fs cause bone remodeling and vitamin D activation. More studies involving humans are required to investigate previously found associations between the PCDD/F concentrations humans are exposed to and biological markers for teeth and bones, including metabolites of vitamin D.
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Tian Y, Cheng J, Li S, Geng H, Huang C, Zhou Q, Liu W, Ma J. Recent Progress in the Determination of Polychlorodibenzo- p-Dioxins and Polychlorodibenzofurans by Mass Spectrometry: A Minireview. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2112046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tian
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiawen Cheng
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongshuai Geng
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Chaonan Huang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Environmental Technical Research Institute of Everbright Technology (Qingdao) Co., Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Weixun Liu
- Environmental Technical Research Institute of Everbright Technology (Qingdao) Co., Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiping Ma
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
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Yang R, Chen Z, Hu Y. Associations of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with bone mineral density at specific body sites in U.S. adults, NHANES 2001-2004. Endocr Pract 2022; 28:867-874. [PMID: 35764250 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the association between certain types of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and bone mineral density (BMD) at specific sites of the body. METHODS A total of 2,978 eligible participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2001-2004) were included in this study. Data of eight urinary PAHs and BMDs of three skeleton sites and the total body were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to explore the association between urinary PAHs and BMDs. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and body mass index (BMI) were also performed. RESULTS After adjustment for all confounders, elevated 3-fluorene [β=0.046; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.007-0.084] and 2-fluorene (β=0.054; 95%CI, 0.007-0.100) were associated with greater left arm BMD, while no statistical differences were observed in the relationship between other PAHs and BMDs (all P>0.05). Higher 3-fluorene and 2-fluorene levels were still associated with increased left arm BMD in males (P<0.05), while higher 2-phenanthrene was related to decreased left arm BMD [β=-0.062; 95%CI, -0.105-(-0.019)], right arm BMD [β=-0.059; 95%CI, -0.091-(-0.027)], and total BMD [β=-0.065; 95%CI, -0.119-(-0.012] in females. Similar results were also found in different BMI populations (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION Certain urinary PAHs are associated with BMDs at specific body sites. Future studies are needed to illustrate the mechanisms behind the association to establish a causal relationship and explain the variations in the associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyuan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zonglin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanghua Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Mindong Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China.
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Herlin M, Sánchez-Pérez I, Esteban J, Korkalainen M, Barber X, Finnilä MAJ, Hamscher G, Joseph B, Viluksela M, Håkansson H. Bone toxicity induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and the retinoid system: A causality analysis anchored in osteoblast gene expression and mouse data. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:25-43. [PMID: 34363983 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dioxin exposures impact on bone quality and osteoblast differentiation, as well as retinoic acid metabolism and signaling. In this study we analyzed associations between increased circulating retinol concentrations and altered bone mineral density in a mouse model following oral exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Additionally, effects of TCDD on differentiation marker genes and genes involved with retinoic acid metabolism were analysed in an osteoblast cell model followed by benchmark dose-response analyses of the gene expression data. Study results show that the increased trabecular and decreased cortical bone mineral density in the mouse model following TCDD exposure are associated with increased circulating retinol concentrations. Also, TCDD disrupted the expression of genes involved in osteoblast differentiation and retinoic acid synthesis, degradation, and nuclear translocation in directions compatible with increasing cellular retinoic acid levels. Further evaluation of the obtained results in relation to previously published data by the use of mode-of-action and weight-of-evidence inspired analytical approaches strengthened the evidence that TCDD-induced bone and retinoid system changes are causally related and compatible with an endocrine disruption mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Herlin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ismael Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Javier Esteban
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Merja Korkalainen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Xavier Barber
- Centro de Investigación Operativa, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Mikko A J Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics, and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Gerd Hamscher
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 10 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Bertrand Joseph
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Matti Viluksela
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland; School of Pharmacy (Toxicology) and Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Helen Håkansson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Furue M, Ishii Y, Tsukimori K, Tsuji G. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Dioxin-Related Health Hazards-Lessons from Yusho. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020708. [PMID: 33445793 PMCID: PMC7828254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poisoning by high concentrations of dioxin and its related compounds manifests variable toxic symptoms such as general malaise, chloracne, hyperpigmentation, sputum and cough, paresthesia or numbness of the extremities, hypertriglyceridemia, perinatal abnormalities, and elevated risks of cancer-related mortality. Such health hazards are observed in patients with Yusho (oil disease in Japanese) who had consumed rice bran oil highly contaminated with 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polychlorinated quaterphenyls in 1968. The blood concentrations of these congeners in patients with Yusho remain extremely elevated 50 years after onset. Dioxins exert their toxicity via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this review article, we discuss the pathogenic implication of AHR in dioxin-induced health hazards. We also mention the potential therapeutic use of herbal drugs targeting AHR and ROS in patients with Yusho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
| | - Yuji Ishii
- Division of Pharmaceutical Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Kiyomi Tsukimori
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatal Center, Fukuoka Children’s Hospital, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan;
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Simhadri JJ, Loffredo CA, Trnovec T, Murinova LP, Nunlee-Bland G, Koppe JG, Schoeters G, Jana SS, Ghosh S. Biomarkers of metabolic disorders and neurobehavioral diseases in a PCB- exposed population: What we learned and the implications for future research. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110211. [PMID: 32937175 PMCID: PMC7658018 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one of the original twelve classes of toxic chemicals covered by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP), an international environmental treaty signed in 2001. PCBs are present in the environment as mixtures of multiple isomers at different degree of chlorination. These compounds are manmade and possess useful industrial properties including extreme longevity under harsh conditions, heat absorbance, and the ability to form an oily liquid at room temperature that is useful for electrical utilities and in other industrial applications. They have been widely used for a wide range of industrial purposes over the decades. Despite a ban in production in 1979 in the US and many other countries, they remain persistent and ubiquitous in environment as contaminants due to their improper disposal. Humans, independent of where they live, are therefore exposed to PCBs, which are routinely found in random surveys of human and animal tissues. The prolonged exposures to PCBs have been associated with the development of different diseases and disorders, and they are classified as endocrine disruptors. Due to its ability to interact with thyroid hormone, metabolism and function, they are thought to be implicated in the global rise of obesity diabetes, and their potential toxicity for neurodevelopment and disorders, an example of gene by environmental interaction (GxE). The current review is primarily intended to summarize the evidence for the association of PCB exposures with increased risks for metabolic dysfunctions and neurobehavioral disorders. In particular, we present evidence of gene expression alterations in PCB-exposed populations to construct the underlying pathways that may lead to those diseases and disorders in course of life. We conclude the review with future perspectives on biomarker-based research to identify susceptible individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothirmai J Simhadri
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Christopher A Loffredo
- Departments of Oncology and of Biostatistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tomas Trnovec
- Department of Pediatrics, EKZ-AMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Gail Nunlee-Bland
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Janna G Koppe
- Department of Pediatrics, EKZ-AMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium & Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Somiranjan Ghosh
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA; Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
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Banjabi AA, Li AJ, Kumosani TA, Yousef JM, Kannan K. Serum concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances and their association with osteoporosis in a population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109676. [PMID: 32485360 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) is widespread and has received considerable attention in recent years due to their link with adverse health outcomes, including bone health. Nevertheless, no earlier studies have reported serum PFAS concentrations, and their association with incident osteoporosis in populations in Saudi Arabia. In this clinical case-control study, serum samples collected from 208 individuals (n = 100 cases and n = 108 controls) aged 40-89 years from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, were analyzed for 17 PFASs. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for association between serum PFAS concentrations and osteoporosis, stratified by gender, age, serum calcium and vitamin D, previous history of fractures and thyroid disorders. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluoro-n-pentanoic acid (PFPeA) and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) were detected in >80% of serum samples analyzed. PFOS (overall median concentration: 5.08 ng/mL), PFHxS (1.49 ng/mL), PFOA (1.33 ng/mL) and PFNA (0.55 ng/mL) accounted for 94% and 80% of the total serum PFASs concentrations in cases and controls, respectively. Serum PFOA, PFNA and PFUnDA concentrations increased with age in Saudi women. Results from the crude models showed that individuals in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartiles of serum PFAS concentrations had 2.3-96-fold increase in odds of diagnosis for osteoporosis compared with those in the 1st quartile (rank order: PFUnDA > PFOA > PFNA > PFOS > PFHxS). Our results suggest that exposure to PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFHxS and PFUnDA was associated with osteoporosis in this sample of adult Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A Banjabi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adela Jing Li
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12201, USA
| | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Production of Bio-products for Industrial Applications Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad M Yousef
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12201, USA; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Fukushi JI, Tsushima H, Matsumoto Y, Mitoma C, Furue M, Miyahara H, Nakashima Y. Influence of dioxin-related compounds on physical function in Yusho incident victims. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02702. [PMID: 31687523 PMCID: PMC6820256 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Few studies have examined the influence of dioxin-related compounds on human physical function, and existing results are inconsistent. In 1968, accidental human exposure to rice oil contaminated with dioxin-related compounds resulted in the development of Yusho oil disease in Japan. We aimed to determine whether the degree of exposure to dioxin-related compounds was associated with physical function in Yusho patients. Methods In 2016, 65 men (average age: 65.7 years) and 77 women (average age: 64.7 years) participated in a nationwide health examination in Fukuoka prefecture. Functional reach, gait speed, hand grip strength, and toe grip strength were evaluated as part of physical function. The serum levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and non-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls were measured using high-resolution gas chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. We examined the association between physical function tests and serum toxic equivalency (TEQ) values. Results A 10-fold increase in serum TEQ levels was negatively associated with functional reach (adjusted b = -4.07, p = 0.017) and hand grip strength (adjusted b = -2.20, p = 0.0245) in men. No association was observed between serum TEQ level and physical function in women. Conclusion Our findings suggest that dioxin-related compounds have a negative influence on physical function in men. However, these findings should be interpreted carefully. Future studies examining additional data on musculoskeletal disorders are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Fukushi
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Jigyohama1-8-1, Chuoh-ku, Fukuoka 810-8583, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tsushima
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Jigyohama1-8-1, Chuoh-ku, Fukuoka 810-8583, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Chikage Mitoma
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Miyahara
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Jigyohama1-8-1, Chuoh-ku, Fukuoka 810-8583, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Kawasaki G, Yoshitomi I. Effect of dioxin-related compounds on oral pigmentation in patients affected by the Yusho incident. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 102:244-248. [PMID: 31085466 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Toxins such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins dramatically affect patients even decades after exposure. Patients with Yusho, a condition caused by exposure to PCBs and dioxins, have diverse mental and physical complaints, even though it is almost 50 years since the Yusho incident. Oral pigmentation is one of the major symptoms in Yusho patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 183 participants in the Yusho health study were examined. Oral examinations, including recording the prevalence of oral pigmentation, were performed by two oral surgeons. Demographic and clinical characteristics, including blood concentration of PCB and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibezofuran (2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF), which are the major causes of Yusho, were obtained from the results of recent surveys conducted by the Yusho Study Group. RESULTS The mean serum PCB and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF levels of the 183 Yusho patients were 1.59 ± 1.25 ppb and 29.0 ± 42.9 pg/g lipid, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the levels of PCB and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF (r = 0.64, p < 0.01). The rate of oral pigmentation in Yusho patients (25.7%) was significant higher than among potential victims of Yusho (13 of 183, 7.1%) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of oral pigmentation was still significantly higher in Yusho patients, even 50 years after exposure, although blood PCB levels have decreased in that time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goro Kawasaki
- Department of Clinical Oral Oncology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Izumi Yoshitomi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
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Huang WY, Ngo HH, Lin C, Vu CT, Kaewlaoyoong A, Boonsong T, Tran HT, Bui XT, Vo TDH, Chen JR. Aerobic co-composting degradation of highly PCDD/F-contaminated field soil. A study of bacterial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 660:595-602. [PMID: 30641388 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated bacterial communities during aerobic food waste co-composting degradation of highly PCDD/F-contaminated field soil. The total initial toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) of the soil was 16,004 ng-TEQ kg-1 dry weight. After 42-day composting and bioactivity-enhanced monitored natural attenuation (MNA), the final compost product's TEQ reduced to 1916 ng-TEQ kg-1 dry weight (approximately 75% degradation) with a degradation rate of 136.33 ng-TEQ kg-1 day-1. Variations in bacterial communities and PCDD/F degraders were identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Thermophilic conditions of the co-composting process resulted in fewer observed bacteria and PCDD/F concentrations. Numerous organic compound degraders were identified by NGS, supporting the conclusion that PCDD/Fs were degraded during food waste co-composting. Bacterial communities of the composting process were defined by four phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes). At the genus level, Bacillus (Firmicutes) emerged as the most dominant phylotype. Further studies on specific roles of these bacterial strains are needed, especially for the thermophiles which contributed to the high degradation rate of the co-co-composting treatment's first 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yen Huang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Huu-Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Thanh Vu
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
| | - Acharee Kaewlaoyoong
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Totsaporn Boonsong
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Huu-Tuan Tran
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Xuan-Thanh Bui
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Technology, Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Renn Chen
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
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Knutsen HK, Alexander J, Barregård L, Bignami M, Brüschweiler B, Ceccatelli S, Cottrill B, Dinovi M, Edler L, Grasl-Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Nebbia CS, Oswald IP, Petersen A, Rose M, Roudot AC, Schwerdtle T, Vleminckx C, Vollmer G, Wallace H, Fürst P, Håkansson H, Halldorsson T, Lundebye AK, Pohjanvirta R, Rylander L, Smith A, van Loveren H, Waalkens-Berendsen I, Zeilmaker M, Binaglia M, Gómez Ruiz JÁ, Horváth Z, Christoph E, Ciccolallo L, Ramos Bordajandi L, Steinkellner H, Hoogenboom LR. Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in feed and food. EFSA J 2018; 16:e05333. [PMID: 32625737 PMCID: PMC7009407 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and DL-PCBs in feed and food. The data from experimental animal and epidemiological studies were reviewed and it was decided to base the human risk assessment on effects observed in humans and to use animal data as supportive evidence. The critical effect was on semen quality, following pre- and postnatal exposure. The critical study showed a NOAEL of 7.0 pg WHO2005-TEQ/g fat in blood sampled at age 9 years based on PCDD/F-TEQs. No association was observed when including DL-PCB-TEQs. Using toxicokinetic modelling and taking into account the exposure from breastfeeding and a twofold higher intake during childhood, it was estimated that daily exposure in adolescents and adults should be below 0.25 pg TEQ/kg bw/day. The CONTAM Panel established a TWI of 2 pg TEQ/kg bw/week. With occurrence and consumption data from European countries, the mean and P95 intake of total TEQ by Adolescents, Adults, Elderly and Very Elderly varied between, respectively, 2.1 to 10.5, and 5.3 to 30.4 pg TEQ/kg bw/week, implying a considerable exceedance of the TWI. Toddlers and Other Children showed a higher exposure than older age groups, but this was accounted for when deriving the TWI. Exposure to PCDD/F-TEQ only was on average 2.4- and 2.7-fold lower for mean and P95 exposure than for total TEQ. PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs are transferred to milk and eggs, and accumulate in fatty tissues and liver. Transfer rates and bioconcentration factors were identified for various species. The CONTAM Panel was not able to identify reference values in most farm and companion animals with the exception of NOAELs for mink, chicken and some fish species. The estimated exposure from feed for these species does not imply a risk.
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Mitoma C, Uchi H, Tsukimori K, Todaka T, Kajiwara J, Shimose T, Akahane M, Imamura T, Furue M. Current state of yusho and prospects for therapeutic strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16472-16480. [PMID: 29197056 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The mass food poisoning incident yusho occurred in Japan in 1968. It was caused by the ingestion of rice bran oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls and various dioxins and dioxin-like compounds including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Notably, PCDFs were found to contribute to approximately 65% of the total toxicity equivalent in the blood of yusho patients. Lipophilic dioxins are retained in the body for a longer period than previously estimated. Victims suffered from characteristic skin manifestations associated with non-specific systemic symptoms, neurological symptoms, and respiratory symptoms. The severe symptoms seen in the initial phase subsequently faded, but recently, improvements have scarcely been observed. The Yusho Group has been researching treatments for this condition. Several clinical trials with chelating agents or dietary fibers aimed at accelerating the excretion of compounds. While some treatments increased dioxin excretion, none provided satisfactory symptom relief. Concurrently, various phytochemicals and herbal extracts have been found to possess biological activities that suppress dioxin-induced toxicity via aryl hydrocarbon receptor or activate the antioxidant nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) signal pathway, making them promising therapeutic candidates. Here, we summarize the current status of yusho and findings of clinical trials for yusho patients and discuss the treatment prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikage Mitoma
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Uchi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Tsukimori
- Department of Obstetrics, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, 813-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Todaka
- Kitakyushu Life Science Center, Public Interest Incorporated Foundation, Fukuoka, 804-0003, Japan
| | - Jumboku Kajiwara
- Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Fukuoka, 818-0135, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shimose
- Clinical Research Support Center Kyushu, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Manabu Akahane
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Imamura
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Khan Z, Zheng Y, Jones TL, Delaney AA, Correa LF, Shenoy CC, Khazaie K, Daftary GS. Epigenetic Therapy: Novel Translational Implications for Arrest of Environmental Dioxin-Induced Disease in Females. Endocrinology 2018; 159:477-489. [PMID: 29165700 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increased toxicant exposure and resultant environmentally induced diseases are a tradeoff of industrial productivity. Dioxin [2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)], a ubiquitous byproduct, is associated with a spectrum of diseases including endometriosis, a common, chronic disease in women. TCDD activates cytochrome (CYP) p450 metabolic enzymes that alter organ function to cause disease. In contrast, the transcription factor, Krüppel-like factor (KLF) 11, represses these enzymes via epigenetic mechanisms. In this study, we characterized these opposing mechanisms in vitro and in vivo as well as determining potential translational implications of epigenetic inhibitor therapy. KLF11 antagonized TCDD-mediated activation of CYP3A4 gene expression and function in endometrial cells. The repression was pharmacologically replicated by selective use of an epigenetic histone acetyltransferase inhibitor (HATI). We further showed phenotypic relevance of this mechanism using an animal model for endometriosis. Fibrotic extent in TCDD-exposed wild-type animals was similar to that previously observed in Klf11-/- animals. When TCDD-exposed animals were treated with a HATI, Cyp3 messenger RNA levels and protein expression decreased along with disease progression. Fibrotic progression is ubiquitous in environmentally induced chronic, untreatable diseases; this report shows that relentless disease progression can be arrested through targeted epigenetic modulation of protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaraq Khan
- Laboratory of Translational Epigenetics in Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ye Zheng
- Laboratory of Translational Epigenetics in Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tiffanny L Jones
- Laboratory of Translational Epigenetics in Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Abigail A Delaney
- Laboratory of Translational Epigenetics in Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Luiz F Correa
- Laboratory of Translational Epigenetics in Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Chandra C Shenoy
- Laboratory of Translational Epigenetics in Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Khashayarsha Khazaie
- Laboratory of Translational Epigenetics in Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gaurang S Daftary
- Laboratory of Translational Epigenetics in Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Persistent Threats by Persistent Pollutants: Chemical Nature, Concerns and Future Policy Regarding PCBs-What Are We Heading For? TOXICS 2017; 6:toxics6010001. [PMID: 29267240 PMCID: PMC5874774 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated sites around the world affect human health for many years, showing long latency periods of health effects. The impact of the different PCB congeners on human health should not be underestimated, as they are ubiquitous, stable molecules and reactive in biological tissues, leading to neurological, endocrine, genetic, and systemic adverse effects in the human body. Moreover, bioaccumulation of these compounds in fatty tissues of animals (e.g., fish and mammals) and in soils/sediments, results in chronic exposure to these substances. Efficient destruction methods are important to decontaminate polluted sites worldwide. This paper provides an in-depth overview of (i) the history and accidents with PCBs in the 20th century, (ii) the mechanisms that are responsible for the hazardous effects of PCBs, and (iii) the current policy regarding PCB control and decontamination. Contemporary impacts on human health of historical incidents are discussed next to an up to date overview of the health effects caused by PCBs and their mechanisms. Methods to decontaminate sites are reviewed. Steps which lead to a policy of banning the production and distribution of PCBs are overviewed in a context of preventing future accidents and harm to the environment and human health.
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Nguyen CH, Nakahama T, Dang TT, Chu HH, Van Hoang L, Kishimoto T, Nguyen NT. Expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, inflammatory cytokines, and incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in Vietnamese dioxin-exposed people. J Immunotoxicol 2017; 14:196-203. [DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2017.1377323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hung Nguyen
- National Key Laboratory of Gene Technology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Taisuke Nakahama
- Department of RNA Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Truong Tien Dang
- Anatomy Department, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Ha Chu
- National Key Laboratory of Gene Technology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Luong Van Hoang
- Biopharmaceutical Medical Research Center, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nam Trung Nguyen
- National Key Laboratory of Gene Technology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Ju L, Zhou Z, Jiang B, Lou Y, Zhang Z. miR-21 is involved in skeletal deficiencies of zebrafish embryos exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:886-891. [PMID: 27761858 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure increases the incidence and severity of skeletal diseases, but little is known about the mechanisms that mediate this relationship. We exposed zebrafish embryos to PCB1254 and assessed the changes in bone morphology protein receptor II (BMPRII), which is involved in bone formation and embryonic development, miRNA-21, for which BMPRII is a known target, and calcium metabolism. PCB1254 upregulated the expression of miR-21 and suppressed BMPRII expression. The inhibition of miR-21 reversed the downregulation of BMPRII and alleviated the PCB1254-induced loss of calcium. These findings suggest new biomarkers of developmental defects of the skeleton caused by PCBs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bone Diseases, Developmental/chemically induced
- Bone Diseases, Developmental/embryology
- Bone Diseases, Developmental/metabolism
- Bone Diseases, Developmental/pathology
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II/genetics
- Calcium/metabolism
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/abnormalities
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/pathology
- Embryonic Development/drug effects
- Embryonic Development/genetics
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Polychlorinated Biphenyls/toxicity
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ju
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Lou
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqun Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
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