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Das B, Islam MA, Tamim U, Ahmed FT, Hossen MB. Heavy metal analysis of water and sediments of the Kaptai Lake in Bangladesh: Contamination and concomitant health risk assessment. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 210:111358. [PMID: 38776733 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, concentrations of 9 heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) in water and sediments of the Kaptai Lake were determined by neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry techniques to study their distribution and contamination in the lake. Average concentrations of Cr and Co in sediments, and Fe and Pb in water were higher than those of some international guideline values. Different environmental pollution indexes (individual and synergistic) suggested that the sediments of Kaptai Lake are minorly enriched by As and Zn, and have low severity of contamination at most of the sampling sites. For residential receptors exposed to the heavy metals in lake water, both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic hazards were assessed which indicated that there is no carcinogenic risk for As while Cr shows a slightly carcinogenic risk. Moreover, estimated potential ecological risks and different SQGs suggested low ecotoxicological risks in the sediments of Kaptai Lake. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed the correlation among the studied heavy metals and indicated that the origin of most of the metals is mainly lithogenic and a small number of metals (Cu and Pb) from anthropogenic sources. The results of this study will be helpful in developing a pollution control strategy for the lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Das
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong, 4349, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Amirul Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Umma Tamim
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Farah Tasneem Ahmed
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Belal Hossen
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong, 4349, Bangladesh
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2
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Basir MS, Khan R, Akhi SZ, Ullah AKMA, Islam MA, Naher K, Idris AM, Khan MHR, Aldawood S, Saha N. Source specific sedimentary response towards the differential anthropogenic impacts in terms of potentially toxic elements in an urban river. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116425. [PMID: 38705004 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the interplay between varying anthropogenic activities and sediment dynamics in an urban river (Turag, Bangladesh), this study involved 37-sediment samples from 11 different sections of the river. Neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry were utilized to quantify the concentrations of 14 metal(oid)s (Al, Ti, Co, Fe, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn). This study revealed significant toxic metal trends, with Principal coordinate analysis explaining 62.91 % of the variance from upstream to downstream. The largest RSDs for Zn(287 %), Mn(120 %), and Cd(323 %) implies an irregular regional distribution throughout the river. The UNMIX-model and PMF-model were utilized to identify potential sources of metal(oid)s in sediments. ∼63.65-66.7 % of metal(oid)s in sediments originated from anthropogenic sources, while remaining attributed to natural sources in both models. Strikingly, all measured metal(oid)s' concentrations surpassed the threshold effect level, with Zn and Ni exceeding probable effect levels when compared to SQGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Samium Basir
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Sayma Zahan Akhi
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Atique Ullah
- Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Ramna, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Amirul Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Naher
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saad Aldawood
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, P.O. BOX 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Narottam Saha
- Center for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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3
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Naaz N, Pandey J. Spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment in the Ganga River: source diagnostics and health risk assessment on dietary exposure through a common carp fish Labeo rohita. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:196. [PMID: 38695954 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated spatial distribution and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediments at four selected sites of the Ganga River. Also, we measured PAHs in muscle tissues of Rohu (Labeo rohita), the most common edible carp fish of the Ganga River and potential human health risk was addressed. Total concentration of PAHs (∑PAHs) in water was highest at Manika Site (1470.5 ng/L) followed by Knuj (630.0 ng/L) and lowest at Adpr (219.0 ng/L). A similar trend was observed for sediments with highest concentration of ∑PAHs at Manika (461.8 ng/g) and lowest at Adpr Site (94.59 ng/g). Among PAHs, phenanthrene (Phe) showed highest concentration in both water and sediment. Of the eight major carcinogenic contributors (∑PAH8C), Indeno (1,2,3-C,D) pyrene (InP) did appear the most dominant component accounting for 42% to this group at Manika Site. Isomer ratios indicated vehicular emission and biomass combustion as major sources of PAHs. The ∑PAHs concentrations in fish tissue ranged from 117.8 to 758.0 ng/g (fresh weight basis) where low molecular weight PAHs assumed predominance (above 80%). The risk level in fish tissues appeared highest at Manika Site and site-wise differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The ILCR (> 10-4) indicated carcinogenic risk in adults and children associated with BaP and DBahA at Manika Site and with BaP at Knuj Site. Overall, the concentrations exceeding permissible limit, carcinogenic potential and BaP equivalent all indicated carcinogenic risks associated with some individual PAHs. This merits attention because the Ganga River is a reservoir of fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Naaz
- Ganga River Ecology Research Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Jitendra Pandey
- Ganga River Ecology Research Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Xiongyi M, Longli C, Yupei H, Jing A, Tiantian X, Wei B, Xingyou C, Xiangen L, Yincai X. The variations of heavy metals sources varied their aggregated concentration and health risk in sediments of karst rivers - A case study in Liujiang River Basin, Southwest China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116171. [PMID: 38401390 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The sources and health risk variation of heavy metals (HMs) in sediments of Liujiang River Basin were investigated seasonally to clear the control of HMs contamination in karst rivers. The results revealed the exogenous input of HMs should be more prominent in wet season, due to the higher concentration and EF values. PMF identified HMs were mainly from natural, mining and industrial sources. The input of exogenous HMs were influenced by mining and industrial sources in wet season, but primarily by industrial sources in dry season. HI values were overall below 1, suggesting the relatively low non-carcinogenic risk. The TCR values of HMs were generally beyond 10-6, particularly those of As and Cr even exceeded 10-4 for children, which expressed a high carcinogenic risk. The sources components of As and Cr suggested preventing the migration of mining contaminants and limiting industrial emission should be essential to Liujiang River Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xiongyi
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Chen Longli
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Hao Yupei
- Department of Modern Engineering, Anshun Technical College, Anshun 561000, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - An Jing
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xu Tiantian
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Bao Wei
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Chen Xingyou
- Department of Modern Engineering, Anshun Technical College, Anshun 561000, China
| | - Liao Xiangen
- Department of Modern Engineering, Anshun Technical College, Anshun 561000, China
| | - Xie Yincai
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China.
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Habib MA, Akhi SZ, Khan R, Phoungthong K, Basir MS, Anik AH, Islam ARMT, Idris AM. Elevated levels of environmental radioactivity in fluvial sediment: origin and health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:555-581. [PMID: 38305448 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00455d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
To study the geogenic processes of naturally occurring radioactive materials' (NORMs') distribution, a transboundary Himalayan river (Punarbhaba) is chosen due to its trivial anthropogenic impacts. In explaining the genesis of radionuclides, transition elements (Sc, Ti, V, and Fe), rare-earth-elements (REEs: La, Eu, Ce, Yb, Sm, and Lu), Ta, Hf, Th, and U were analysed in 30 riverbed sediments collected from the Bangladeshi portion of the river. Elemental abundances and NORMs' activity were measured by neutron activation analysis and HPGe-gamma-spectrometry, respectively. Averagen=30 radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra (68.4 Bq kg-1), 232Th (85.7 Bq kg-1), and 40K (918 Bq kg-1) were 2.0-2.3-fold higher, which show elevated results compared to the corresponding world mean values. Additionally, mean-REE abundances were 1.02-1.38-times higher than those of crustal origin. Elevated (relative to earth-crust) ratios of Th/U (=3.95 ± 1.84) and 232Th/40K and statistical demonstrations invoke Th-dominant heavy minerals, indicating the role of kaolinite clay mineral abundance/granitic presence. However, Th/Yb, La/V, Hf/Sc, and Th/Sc ratios reveal the presence of felsic abundances, hydrodynamic sorting, and recycling of sedimentary minerals. Geo-environmental indices demonstrated the enrichment of chemical elements in heavy minerals, whereas radiological indices presented ionizing radiation concerns, e.g., the average absorbed-gamma-dose rate (123.1 nGy h-1) was 2.24-fold higher compared to the threshold value which might cause chronic health impacts depending on the degree of exposure. The mean excess lifetime cancer risk value for carcinogen exposure was 5.29 × 10-4 S v-1, which is ∼2-times greater than the suggested threshold. Therefore, plausible extraction of heavy minerals and using residues as building materials can alleviate the two-reconciling problems: (1) radiological risk management and (2) fluvial navigability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ahosan Habib
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sayma Zahan Akhi
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
| | - Md Samium Basir
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - A R M Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
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Khan R, Habib MA, Tamim U, Kormoker T, Khan MHR, Rashid MB, Idris AM, Aldawood S, Hossain SM, Islam MS. Fractionation of environmental radioactivity in road dust from a megacity: external and internal health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:8254-8273. [PMID: 38175520 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31657-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs: 232Th, 226Ra, 40K) can reach our respiratory system by breathing of road dust which can cause severe health risks. Targeting the pioneering consideration of health risks from the NORMs in road dust, this work reveals the radioactivity abundances of NORMs in road dust from a megacity (Dhaka) of a developing country (Bangladesh). Bulk chemical compositions of U, Th, and K obtained from neutron activation analysis were converted to the equivalent radioactivities. Radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in road dust ranged from 60-106, 110-159, and 488-709 Bq kg-1 with an average of 84.4 ± 13.1, 126 ± 11, and 549 ± 48 Bq kg-1, respectively. Estimated 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radioactivities were, respectively, 1.7-3.0-, 3.7-5.3-, and 1.2-1.8-folds greater than the affiliated world average values. Mechanistic pathway of NORMs' enrichment and fractionation relative to the major origin (pedosphere) were evaluated concerning the water logging, relative solubility-controlled leaching and translocation, climatic conditions, and aerodynamic fractionations (dry and wet atmospheric depositions). Computation of customary radiological risk indices invokes health risks. Noticing the ingress of NOMR-holding dust into the human respiratory system along with the associated ionizing radiations, the computed radiological indices represent only the least probable health hazards. Nevertheless, in real situations, α-particles from the radioactive decay products of 232Th and 238U can create acute radiation damages of respiratory system. Policymakers should emphasize on limiting the dust particle evolution, and public awareness is required to alleviate the health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Ahosan Habib
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Umma Tamim
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | | | - Md Bazlar Rashid
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Aldawood
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mohammod Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
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Khan R, Siddique MAB, Chowdhury YF, Ahmed MN, Ullah AKMA, Khan MHR, Islam ARMT, Habib MA, Khan AHAN, Aldawood S, Idris AM. Fluvial responses towards the tannery effluent: Tracing the anthropogenic foot-prints. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122673. [PMID: 37793543 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Tannery-effluent is one of the top-ranked hazardous waste which is generally discharged into the river. To study the fluvial response toward the tannery-effluents and to trace anthropogenic foot-prints in the fluvial-system, a suite of systematically collected sediment and water samples were analyzed for radioactive (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) and non-radioactive elements (Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Hg, and Pb). Neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectroscopy were used for elemental analysis, whereas HPGe-gamma-detector was used for measuring the primordial-radionuclides. Ranges of Cr-abundances in sediment and water were 63-4373 μg.g-1 and 15.6-52.2 μg.L-1, respectively which were ∼4-14 times higher than the geological background. Radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K ranged from 17.7-48.5, 36.1-81.6, and 687-1041 Bq.kg-1, respectively which were significantly depleted in effluent discharge point. Hence, primordial-radionuclides were used as natural tracers for tracing anthropogenic foot-prints which were explained in terms of dilution effect, redox environment and differential geo-environmental events/characteristics. From statistical-approaches and geochemical reasoning, elemental sources and responses in fluvial system were explored. Surprisingly, ecological & radiological risks were reduced while sediment quality guideline-based ecotoxicity & water-mediated health risks were increased by the incorporation of tannery effluents. This study describes the sedimentary response toward the received tannery effluents which is particularly explored by the primordial radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Yeamin Faria Chowdhury
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nakir Ahmed
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Atique Ullah
- Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil Internaitonal University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahosan Habib
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Hadi Al Nafi Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Saad Aldawood
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
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Marrugo-Negrete J, Pinedo-Hernández J, Marrugo-Madrid S, Paternina-Uribe R, Ruiz-Fernández AC, Sanchez-Cabeza JA. Vertical distribution and trace element contamination in sediment cores affected by gold mining in Colombia. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139744. [PMID: 37567269 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The vertical distribution, level of contamination, potential ecological risks, and historical fluxes of trace elements (Pb, As, and Hg) were evaluated from 210Pb-dated sediment cores in three different areas with gold mining impacts in northern Colombia: the Atrato River (AR), the Delicias Marsh (DM) and the Encaramada Marsh (EM). All cores spanned ∼100 years; the mass accumulation rates followed the order AR > DM > EM. The average trace elements concentrations in the sediment cores were: Pb 2.41 ± 0.72, As 0.65 ± 0.32, Hg 0.07 ± 0.02 μg g-1 in the Atrato River; Pb 23.49 ± 2.59, As 2.46 ± 0.88, Hg 0.10 ± 0.02 μg g-1 in the Delicias Marsh; and Pb 9.76 ± 4.18, As 2.44 ± 1.26, Hg 0.17 ± 0.06 μg g-1 in the Encaramada Marsh. Sediments are classified according to the contamination factor (CF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) as low to very highly contaminated. The Pollution load index (PLI) indicates environmental deterioration (PLI> 1), and the Sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) indicate that only Hg may produce adverse biological effects in the EM core. This study is an example of the reconstruction of temporal changes in pollution levels and impacts of potentially toxic elements caused by gold mining in remote ecosystems, which can be reproduced in other areas where environmental monitoring is scarce or non-existent.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marrugo-Negrete
- University of Córdoba, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Management, Montería, Colombia.
| | - José Pinedo-Hernández
- University of Córdoba, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Management, Montería, Colombia.
| | - Siday Marrugo-Madrid
- University of Córdoba, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Management, Montería, Colombia; Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDÆA-CSIC, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberth Paternina-Uribe
- University of Córdoba, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Management, Montería, Colombia
| | - Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica, Mazatlán, Mexico
| | - Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica, Mazatlán, Mexico
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9
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Habib MA, Islam ARMT, Varol M, Phoungthong K, Khan R, Islam MS, Hasanuzzaman M, Mia MY, Costache R, Pal SC. Receptor model-based source-specific health risks of toxic metal(loid)s in coal basin-induced agricultural soil in northwest Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8539-8564. [PMID: 37646918 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metal(loid)s (TMLs) in agricultural soils cause detrimental effects on ecosystem and human health. Therefore, source-specific health risk apportionment is very crucial for the prevention and control of TMLs in agricultural soils. In this study, 149 surface soil samples were taken from a coal mining region in northwest Bangladesh and analyzed for 12 TMLs (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Cu, As, Se, and Hg). Positive matrix factorization (PMF) and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) receptor models were employed to quantify the pollution sources of soil TMLs. Both models identified five possible sources of pollution: agrochemical practice, industrial emissions, coal-power-plant, geogenic source, and atmospheric deposition, while the contribution rates of each source were calculated as 28.2%, 17.2%, 19.3%, 19% and 16.3% in APCS-MLR, 22.2%, 13.4%, 24.3%, 15.1% and 25.1% in PMF, respectively. Agrochemical practice was the major source of non-carcinogenic risk (NCR) (adults: 32.37%, children: 31.54%), while atmospheric deposition was the highest source of carcinogenic risk (CR) (adults: 48.83%, children: 50.11%). NCR and CR values for adults were slightly higher than for children. However, the trends in NCR and CR between children and adults were similar. As a result, among the sources of pollution, agrochemical practices and atmospheric deposition have been identified as the primary sources of soil TMLs, so prevention and control strategies should be applied primarily for these pollution sources in order to protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ahosan Habib
- Industrial Ecology in Energy Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, 10 Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, 153 Pioneer Road, Seghunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
- Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Memet Varol
- Agriculture Faculty, Department of Aquaculture, Malatya Turgut Özal University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Industrial Ecology in Energy Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, 10 Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Yousuf Mia
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Romulus Costache
- Department of Civil Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, 5, TurnuluiStr, 500152, Brasov, Romania
- Danube Delta National Institute for Research and Development, 165 Babadag Street, 820112, Tulcea, Romania
| | - Subodh Chandra Pal
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, West Bengal, 713104, India
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10
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Khan R, Basir MS, Akhi SZ, Anik AH, Hossain S, Islam HMT, Islam ARMT, Idris AM, Khan MHR, Aldawood S, Tareq SM. Radiation exposure and health concerns associated with the environmental geochemistry of relatively higher radioactivity in a fresh water basin. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115588. [PMID: 37806014 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out on a negligible anthropogenically impacted Indo-Bangla transboundary river basin (Atrai, Bangladesh) to elicit radionuclides' and elemental distributions. Thirty sediment samples were collected from the Bangladesh portion of the river, and instrumental neutron activation analysis and HPGe γ-Spectrometry techniques were used to determine environmental radionuclides (e.g., 232Th, 226Ra, 40K) and associated elemental concentrations, respectively. Metal concentrations (Sc, V, Fe, Eu, Sm, La, Yb, Ce, Lu, Ta, Hf) were determined to comprehend the genesis of greater radioactivity. Recognizing the mean concentration of absorbed gamma dose rate (158.7 hGyh-1) is 2.88-times more than the recommended value (55 hGyh-1) that describes ionizing radiation concerns regarding potential health risks to the surrounding communities and the houses of native residents, which are constructed by Atrai river sediment. This work will assist relevant policymakers in exploring valuable heavy minerals and provide information regarding radiological health risks from a fluvial system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Samium Basir
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sayma Zahan Akhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shabiha Hossain
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - H M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - A R M Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil Internaitonal University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saad Aldawood
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, P.O. BOX 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafi M Tareq
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
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11
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Khan R, Anik AH, Hossain S, Phoungthong K, Islam ARMT, Saha N, Idris AM, Khan MHR, Aldawood S, Alam M. Receptor model-based source tracing and risk assessment of elements in sediment of a transboundary Himalayan River. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139733. [PMID: 37544528 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
This study utilized surface sediments from a potentially less polluted transboundary Himalayan River (Brahmaputra: China-India-Bangladesh) to investigate the abundance of 15 geochemically and ecologically significant elements and to predict their sources and ecological consequences. INAA was applied to determine the elemental concentrations. The average abundances (μg.g-1) of Rb (94.20), Cs (4.49), Th (20.31), & U (2.73) were 1.12-2.26 folds elevated than shale. Environmental indices disclosed a pollution status ranging from "uncontaminated to moderately contaminated," with minimal Rb, U, and Th enrichment in the downstream zone. Consensus-based sediment quality guideline (SQG) threshold values suggested that only Cr (60% samples > TEL) may impose rare biological effects. Ecological risk indices suggested "minor to no" possible eco-toxicological risks for the accounted elements (Cr, Co, Mn, Zn, Sb, & As). The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model predicated the predominance of geogenic or crustal contributions (∼72.69%) for Al, K, Na, Ti, Co, Zn, Ba, Cs, As, Rb, Th, & U derived from elemental fractionations, mineral weathering, and bio-geo-chemical mobilization. The relative contributions of anthropogenic sources (∼27.31%; such as the construction of roads, settlement expansion, litter disposal, municipal waste discharge, mining activities, agricultural encroachment, etc.) on elemental distribution were significantly lower. The abundance of Cr and Mn was mainly influenced by anthropogenic sources. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of utilizing geo-environmental guidelines and receptor models in discriminating the natural & anthropogenic origins of metals in the complex riverine sediments of a less anthropogenically affected river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shabiha Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | | | - Narottam Saha
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, Center for Mined Land Rehabilitation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saad Aldawood
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahbub Alam
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
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12
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Proshad R, Dey HC, Khan MSU, Baroi A, Kumar S, Idris AM. Source-oriented risks apportionment of toxic metals in river sediments of Bangladesh: a national wide application of PMF model and pollution indices. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6769-6792. [PMID: 36633753 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Intense human activities, particularly industrial and agricultural output, has enriched metal(loid)s in riverine sediment and endangered aquatic ecosystems and human health. Promoting proper river management requires an assessment of the possible ecological hazards and pollution posed by metal(loid)s in sediments. However, there are limited large-scale risk assessments of metal(loid)s contamination in riverine sediment in heavily populated nations like Bangladesh. This study compiled data on sediment metal(loid)s, for example, Cd, As, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Mn, and Zn, from 24 major rivers located across Bangladesh between 2011 and 2022 and applied positive matrix factorization (PMF) to identify the critical metal(loid)s sources and PMF model-based ecological risks. Based on studied metal(loid)s, 12-78% of rivers posed higher contents than the upper continental crust and 8% of the river sediments for Cr and Ni, whereas 4% for Cd and As exceeded probable effect concentration. Cr and Ni in the sum of toxic units (STU), whereas Mn, As and Cd in potential ecological risk (PER) posed the highest contribution to contaminate sediments. In the studied rivers, sediment contaminant Mn derived from natural sources; Zn and Ni originated from mixed sources; Cr and Cu were released from the tannery and industrial emissions and Cd originated from agricultural practices. Source-based PER and NIRI indicated that mixed source (4% rivers) and tannery and industrial emission (4% rivers) posed very high risks in sediments. For the creation of macroscale policies and the restoration of contaminated rivers, our national-scale comprehensive study offers helpful references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hridoy Chandra Dey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shihab Uddine Khan
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Artho Baroi
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sazal Kumar
- University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Parvez MS, Nawshin S, Sultana S, Hossain MS, Rashid Khan MH, Habib MA, Nijhum ZT, Khan R. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil Samples around Rampal, Bangladesh. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15990-15999. [PMID: 37179636 PMCID: PMC10173447 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Rising soil pollution has recently emerged as a significant global issue as a result of increased industrialization, urbanization, and inadequate waste management. In Rampal Upazila, soil contamination with heavy metals resulted in a significant deterioration of quality of life and life expectancy, so the study's goal is to appraise the level of heavy metal contamination in soil samples. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry was used to identify 13 heavy metals (Al, Na, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Ca, Zn, and K) from 17 soil samples that were collected at random from Rampal. Enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index, elemental fractionation, and potential ecological risk analysis were used to evaluate the level of pollution and sources of metal. The average concentration of heavy metals implies that they are below in the permissible limit except for Pb. Environmental indices also showed the same result for Pb. The ecological risk index (RI) for six elements-Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, Cu, and Pb-is 26.575. For investigating the behavior and origin of elements, multivariate statistical analysis was also applied. From the EF, Na, Cr, Fe, and Mg are in the anthropogenic region, and Al, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Ca, K, and Zn are minorly polluted, but Pb is highly contaminated in the Rampal area. The geo-accumulation index exhibits that Pb is slightly contaminated but others are not, while CF shows no contamination in this region. From the ecological RI, the value which is below 150 is called uncontaminated, which indicates that our studied area is ecologically free. There are various classifications of heavy metal contamination in the study area. Therefore, regular monitoring of soil pollution is required, and the public awareness needs to be raised to ensure a safe environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sayma Nawshin
- Physics
Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sadiya Sultana
- Physics
Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | - Rahat Khan
- Reactor
and Neutron Physics Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
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14
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Abedin MJ, Khan R, Siddique MAB, Khan AHAN, Islam MT, Rashid MB. Metal(loid)s in tap-water from schools in central Bangladesh (Mirpur): Source apportionment, water quality, and health risks appraisals. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15747. [PMID: 37206050 PMCID: PMC10189184 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the health risks originating from the exposure of metal(loid)s in tap-water and the concomitant vulnerability of school-going students, 25 composite tap water samples from different schools and colleges of central Bangladesh (Mirpur, Dhaka) were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopic technique. Elemental abundances of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in the studied tap water samples varied from 4520 to 62250, 2760-29580, 210-3000, 15780-78130, 1.54-5.32, 7.00-196, 2.00-450, 0.04-1.45, 8.23-24.4, 0.10-813, 0.10-10.5, 0.002-0.212, and 1.55-15.8 μgL-1, respectively. Dissolved metal(loid)s' concentrations were mostly within the national and international threshold values with few exceptions which were also consistent with the entropy-based water quality assessment. Multivariate statistical approaches demonstrated that hydro-geochemical processes like water-rock interactions mostly govern the major elemental (Na, Mg, K, Ca) compositions in tap water. However, anthropogenic processes typically control the trace elemental compositions where supply pipeline scaling was identified as the major source. Cluster analysis on sampling sites separated two groups of schools and colleges depending on their establishment years where tap water from older schools and colleges possesses relatively higher levels of metal(loid)s. Hence, gradual pipeline scaling on a temporal scale augmented the metal(loid)s' concentrations in tap-water. In terms of non-carcinogenic health risks estimation, studied tap-water seems to be safe, whereas elemental abundances of Pb and As can cause carcinogenic risks to school-going people. However, progressive deterioration of water quality by pipeline scaling will be supposed to cause significant health risks in the future, for which preventative measures should be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Joynal Abedin
- Centre for Higher Studies and Research, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur Cantonment, Mirpur, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Md. Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Hadi Al Nafi Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tariqul Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Bazlar Rashid
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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15
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Khan R, Hossain S, Anik AH, Phoungthong K, Islam ARMT, Saha N, Idris AM, Alam M. Indexical and statistical approaches to investigate the integrated origins of elements in the sediment of Teesta River, Bangladesh: sediment quality and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:832-849. [PMID: 36897614 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00475e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates ecological consequences from the combined provenance (natural and manmade) of fifteen metal(oid)s (Na, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, Th, and U) from a major Indo-Bangla transboundary river (Teesta). Instrumental neutron activation analysis has been performed to calculate the elemental concentration for a total of thirty sediment samples which accumulated from the upper, middle and downstream section of the Teesta River. In comparison with the crustal origin Rb, Th, and U were 1.5-2.8 times elevated. Elements from upstream and midstream sediments showed greater spatial variability than those from downstream sediments in terms of Na, Rb, Sb, Th, and U. Statistical approaches suggested the dominance of geogenic sources (Na, K, Al, Ti, Co, and Ba) of elements over anthropogenic sources (Cr and Zn). Alkali feldspar and aluminosilicates release lithophilic minerals into the sediments under the redox condition (U/Th = 0.18). Site-specific ecotoxicological indices advocated that some specific locations are highly hazardous relative to Cr and Zn. From SQG-based guidelines, Cr showed higher potential toxicity in some upstream locations relative to Zn, Mn, and As. In order to attain the knowledge limitation of northern transboundary rivers from Bangladesh, this study of origin and relative environmental impact will be beneficial for policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Industrial Ecology in Energy Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Shabiha Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Industrial Ecology in Energy Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
| | | | - Narottam Saha
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, Center for Mined Land Rehabilitation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahbub Alam
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
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16
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Nasiruddin M, Islam ARMT, Siddique MAB, Hasanuzaman M, Hassan MM, Akbor MA, Hasan M, Islam MS, Khan R, Al Amin M, Pal SC, Idris AM, Kumar S. Distribution, sources, and pollution levels of toxic metal(loid)s in an urban river (Ichamati), Bangladesh using SOM and PMF modeling with GIS tool. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:20934-20958. [PMID: 36264457 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Indexical assessment coupled with a self-organizing map (SOM) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) modeling of toxic metal(loid)s in sediment and water of the aquatic environment provides valuable information from the environmental management perspective. However, in northwest Bangladesh, indexical and modeling assessments of toxic metal(loid)s in surface water and sediment are still rare. Toxic metal(loid)s were measured in sediment and surface water from an urban polluted river (Ichamati) in northwest Bangladesh using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer to assess distribution, pollution levels, sources, and potential environmental risks to the aquatic environment. The mean concentrations (mg/kg) of metal(loid)s in water are as follows: Fe (871) > Mn (382) > Cr (72.4) > Zn (34.2) > Co (20.8) > Pb (17.6) > Ni (16.7) > Ag (14.9) > As (9.0) > Cu (5.63) > Cd (2.65), while in sediment, the concentration follows the order, Fe (18,725) > Mn (551) > Zn (213) > Cu (47.6) > Cr (30.2) > Ni (24.2) > Pb (23.8) > Co (9.61) > As (8.23) > Cd (0.80) > Ag (0.60). All metal concentrations were within standard guideline values except for Cr and Pb for water and Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, and As for sediment. The outcomes of eco-environmental indices, including contamination and enrichment factors and geo-accumulation index, differed spatially, indicating that most of the sediment sites were moderately to highly polluted by Cd, Zn, and As. Cd and Zn content can trigger ecological risks. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model recognized three probable sources of sediment, i.e., natural source (49.39%), industrial pollution (19.72%), and agricultural source (30.92%), and three possible sources of water, i.e., geogenic source (45.41%), industrial pollution (22.88%), and industrial point source (31.72%), respectively. SOM analysis identified four spatial patterns, e.g., Fe-Mn-Ag, Cd-Cu, Cr-Pb-As-Ni, and Zn-Co in water and three patterns, e.g., Mn-Co-Ni-Cr, Cd-Cu-Pb-Zn, and As-Fe-Ag in sediment. The spatial distribution of entropy water quality index values shows that the southwestern area possesses "poor" quality water. Overall, the levels of metal(loid) pollution in the investigated river surpassed a critical threshold, which might have serious consequences for the river's aquatic biota and human health in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nasiruddin
- Department of Chemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasanuzaman
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahedi Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahedul Akbor
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al Amin
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Subodh Chandra Pal
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Abubakr Mustafa Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62629, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satendra Kumar
- School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Private Bag, Suva, Fiji
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17
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Hossain S, Khan R, Anik AH, Siddique MAB, Tamim U, Islam ARMT, Idris AM, Khaleque MA. Natural and anthropogenic contributions to the elemental compositions and subsequent ecological consequences of a transboundary river's sediments (Punarbhaba, Bangladesh). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114444. [PMID: 36179881 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An anthropogenically less affected transboundary river (Punarbhaba, Bangladesh) was studied to detect associated risks from the combined origin(s) of geochemically and toxicologically significant elements in benthic sediments. A total of 30 river bed sediments were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis targeting the 15 chemical elements viz., Na, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, Th, and U. Among the estimated elements, the mean abundances (μg/g) of Rb (136), Sb (0.66), Cs (6.66), Th (14.6), and U (3.92) were 1.4-1.7 times higher than the crustal origin. These elements are primarily responsible for the contaminated state of the Punarbhaba River. The studied area is 'moderately polluted' (Igeo: 2.01 to 0.02) and possesses 'minor enrichment' (EF: 1.98 to 0.48) in terms of the measured elements. The output of statistical analyses projected that the studied elements are geochemically fractionated in an oxidizing environment (U/Th = 0.44) and mostly originated from felsic sources, thus confirming the mineral is comprised of aluminosilicates and alkali feldspar. However, SQGs-based and ecological risk indices invoked minor (Cr: 6.67%) to no potential ecotoxicological threats for Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, and Sb. Nonetheless, altered distribution patterns caused by geogenic activities increased Cr and Zn in the environment which may cause toxicity (Cr: 22-53%, Zn: 35-70%), and pose potential ecological risks, specifically in upstream locations (P-2, P-3, P-5). Further, this study broadened the perspective of sediment deposition from fractionation, fluvial transportation, and weathering events beyond the industrial disintegration of elements, which will aid researchers and policymakers to comprehend combined risks from suspended sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabiha Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Umma Tamim
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | | | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Abdul Khaleque
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, Independent University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
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18
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Miao X, Liang J, Hao Y, Zhang W, Xie Y, Zhang H. The Influence of the Reduction in Clay Sediments in the Level of Metals Bioavailability-An Investigation in Liujiang River Basin after Wet Season. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14988. [PMID: 36429705 PMCID: PMC9690423 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The seasonal elevation of metals' bioavailability can aggravate the threat of metal contamination in the aquatic environment. Nevertheless, their regulations have rarely been studied, particularly the connections between metals' transformation and environmental variations. Therefore, the catchment area of Liujiang River was taken as an example in this study, their seasonal variations in metals' bioavailability in sediments, especially during the wet season, was investigated to recover the processes associated with metals' speciations and multiple environmental factors. The results revealed that the concentration of metals in sediments were high overall in the wet season, but low in the dry season. The significantly reduced ratio of metals in non-residual forms was largely related to the overall reduction in metals in oxidizable and reducible forms after the wet season. However, the elevated BI indexes of most metals suggested their increased bioavailability in the dry season, which should be closely related to their corresponding elevations in carbonate-bound and exchangeable forms after the wet season. The variations in metals' bioavailability were primarily related to their predominance of exchangeable and carbonate-bound form. The higher correlation coefficients suggested the destabilization of the oxidizable form should be treated as a critical approach to the impact of metals' bioavailability after the wet season. In view of that, sediments' coarsening would pose the impacts on the destabilization of exogenous metals in sediments, the reduction in clay sediments should be responsible for the elevation of metals bioavailability after the wet season. Therefore, the monitoring of metals' bioavailability in sediments should be indispensable to prevent metal contamination from enlarging the scope of their threat to the aquatic environment of the river, especially after the wet season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongyi Miao
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jianping Liang
- Guilin Meteorological Bureau of Guangxi, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yupei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yincai Xie
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hucai Zhang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
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Nargis A, Habib A, Islam MN, Chen K, Sarker MSI, Al-Razee ANM, Liu W, Liu G, Cai M. Source identification, contamination status and health risk assessment of heavy metals from road dusts in Dhaka, Bangladesh. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 121:159-174. [PMID: 35654507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were determined in road dusts collected from different locations in Dhaka to assess source, contamination status and health risk. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to determine Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb and their mean concentrations were 162.27 ± 29.46, 721.18 ± 180.14, 35.65 ± 12.55, 104.56 ± 128.33, 515.32 ± 321.90, BDL, and 342.82 ± 591.20 mg/kg, respectively. Among the heavy metals, highest concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb were found at urban sites-7 (municipal waste dumping) and 8 (medical waste incineration). Highest concentration of Cr followed by Cu and Zn was found at site-5 (Tejgaon, urban). Principal component analysis revealed that anthropogenic activities are the potential sources for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb while earth crust for Mn. Pollution index and pollution load index results suggested that all the sites were contaminated and/or degraded by Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb except sites-9 (urban), 10 (sub-urban), 11 (rural) while sites-7 and 8 (urban) were extremely degraded. For noncarcinogenic health risk, hazard quotient values for dermal were higher compared to that of inhalation/ingestion. Though hazard index values were less than 1 at all the sites, these were at least one order of magnitude higher for children group than that of adult group, thus the children group may face more noncarcinogenic health risk at sites-7 and 8. Values of incremental lifetime cancer risk were from 10-9 to 10-11 showed no carcinogenic health risk by road dusts contaminated with the heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aklima Nargis
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute & State Key laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ahsan Habib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Nazrul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Kai Chen
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute & State Key laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam Sarker
- Central Chemical Laboratory, Department of Narcotics Control, Ministry of Home Affairs, Dhaka 1204, Bangladesh
| | - A N M Al-Razee
- Department of Analytical Chemistry & Environmental Science, Training Institute for Chemical Industries, Polash, Narsingdi 1611, Bangladesh
| | - Wenbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Minggang Cai
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute & State Key laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Abedin MJ, Khan R. Primordial radionuclides in the dust samples from the educational institutions of central Bangladesh: radiological risk assessment. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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21
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Anik AH, Khan R, Hossain S, Siddique MAB, Tamim U, Islam ARMT, Idris AM, Tareq SM. Reconciling the geogenic and non-crustal origins of elements in an Indo-Bangla transboundary river, Atrai: Pollution status, sediment quality, and preliminary risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114134. [PMID: 35998696 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study has been conducted on an anthropogenically less influenced transboundary river (Atrai: Indo-Bangladesh) to comprehend the inherent geochemistry and identify potential elemental sources. In doing so, across the Bangladeshi portion, 30 river-bed samples were culled and studied by neutron activation analysis to quantify the abundances of 15 geochemically and toxicologically significant elementals (Na, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, Th, and U). The results revealed that the mean concentrations (μg/g) of Rb (154.6), Cs (7.53), Th (20.90), and U (4.88) were 1.5-2.0 times higher than crustal values. Besides, geo-environmental indices revealed 'uncontaminated to moderately contaminated' pollution status with minor enrichment or contamination for Rb, Th, Sb, U, and Cs, relatively concentrated in the mid-to-downstream zone possessed geogenic and non-crustal origins. The positive matrix factorization and other statistical approaches revealed predominant geogenic enrichment of Na, K, Al, Ti, Zn, Cs, Rb, As, Th, and U from differential mineralogical compositions via weathering, elemental fractionations, and biogeochemical mobilization. Contrariwise, several anthropogenic sources (for Cr, Sb, Co, Mn, Th) were also ascertained in the vicinity of Atari River. However, sediment characterization based on SQG threshold values manifested that Cr and Mn possess rare biological effects on local aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, SQGs-based and ecological risk indices invoked minor to no potential ecotoxicological intimidations for the considered metal(oid)s (Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, and Sb). Hence, this study manifested the usefulness of a less anthropogenically affected river to reckon geogenic and non-crustal elemental origins in the compounded riverine sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Shabiha Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Umma Tamim
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - A R M Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shafi M Tareq
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
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22
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Khanna K, Kohli SK, Kumar P, Ohri P, Bhardwaj R, Alam P, Ahmad P. Arsenic as hazardous pollutant: Perspectives on engineering remediation tools. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155870. [PMID: 35568183 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is highly toxic metal (loid) that impairs plant growth and proves fatal towards human population. It disrupts physiological, biochemical and molecular attributes of plants associated with water/nutrient uptake, redox homeostasis, photosynthetic machineries, cell/membrane damage, and ATP synthesis. Numerous transcription factors are responsive towards As through regulating stress signaling, toxicity and resistance. Additionally, characterization of specific genes encoding uptake, translocation, detoxification and sequestration has also explained their underlying mechanisms. Arsenic within soil enters the food chain and cause As-poisoning. Plethora of conventional methods has been used since decades to plummet As-toxicity, but the success rate is quite low due to environmental hazards. Henceforth, exploration of effective and eco-friendly methods is aimed for As-remediation. With the technological advancements, we have enumerated novel strategies to address this concern for practicing such techniques on global scale. Novel strategies such as bioremediation, phytoremediation, mycorrhizae-mediated remediation, biochar, algal-remediation etc. possess extraordinary results. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO), a signaling molecule has also been explored in relieving As-stress through reducing oxidative damages and triggering antioxidative responses. Other strategies such as role of plant hormones (salicylic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, jasmonic acid) and micro-nutrients such as selenium have also been elucidated in As-remediation from soil. This has been observed through stimulated antioxidant activities, gene expression of transporters, defense genes, cell-wall modifications along with the synthesis of chelating agents such as phytochelatins and metallothioneins. This review encompasses the updated information about As toxicity and its remediation through novel techniques that serve to be the hallmarks for stress revival. We have summarised the genetic engineering protocols, biotechnological as well as nanotechnological applications in plants to combat As-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; Department of Microbiology, D.A.V University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar 144001, Punjab, India.
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, D.A.V University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar 144001, Punjab, India
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU), Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Khan R, Islam HMT, Apon MAS, Islam ARMT, Habib MA, Phoungthong K, Idris AM, Techato K. Environmental geochemistry of higher radioactivity in a transboundary Himalayan river sediment (Brahmaputra, Bangladesh): potential radiation exposure and health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57357-57375. [PMID: 35349070 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study of a downstream segment (Brahmaputra, Bangladesh) of one of the longest transboundary (China-India-Bangladesh) Himalayan rivers reveals elevated radioactivity compared to other freshwater basins across the world. Naturally occurring radioactive nuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) and metal contents (transition metals, Fe, Ti, Sc, and V; rare earth elements, La, Ce, Eu, Sm, Dy, Yb, and Lu; high field strength elements, Ta and Hf; and actinides, Th and U) in thirty sediment samples were measured by HPGe γ-spectrophotometry and research reactor-based neutron activation analysis, respectively. We systematically investigated the mechanism of the deposition of higher radioactivity concentrations and rare earth elements (REEs) associated with heavy minerals (HMs) and photomicrograph-based mineralogical analysis. The results show that total REEs (∑REE) and Ta, Hf, U, and Th are generally 1.5- to 3.0-fold elevated compared to crustal values associated with -δEu and -δCe anomalies, suggesting a felsic source provenance. The enrichment of light REEs (×1.5 upper continental crust (UCC)) and Th (×1.9 UCC), besides Th/U (=7.74 ± 2.35) and 232Th/40K ratios, along with the micrographic and statistical approaches, revealed the elevated presence of HMs. Fluvial suspended sedimentary transportation (from upstream) followed by mineralogical recycling and sorting enriched the HM depositions in this basin. Bivariate plots, including La/Th-Hf, La/Th-Th/Yb, and La/V-Th/Yb, revealed significant contributions of felsic source rock compared to mafic sources. The assessment of radiological hazards demonstrates ionizing-radiation-associated health risks to the local residents and people inhabiting houses made from Brahmaputra River sediments (as construction material).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Hossain Mohammad Touhidul Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Adnan Sarker Apon
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Ahosan Habib
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuaanan Techato
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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Mineralogical Fingerprint of Iron Ore Tailings in Paraopeba River Bedload Sediments after the B1 Dam Failure in Brumadinho, MG (Brazil). MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12060716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study presents SEM-based automated mineralogy to distinguish between natural sediments and iron ore tailings deposits from the Paraopeba River, after the failure of B1 Dam in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Samples were obtained from borehole cores drilled over channel bars and banks eight months after the failure. After preliminary facies description, sediments from 54 chosen intervals were subjected to density measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM-based automated mineralogy (QEMSCAN) analysis and determination of geochemical major components. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed six main mineral associations governed by different contents and ratios of quartz, kaolinite and hematite. Natural sediments are predominantly composed of mineral associations containing kaolinite, quartz and quartz + hematite with density values ranging from 2.5 to 3.3 g/cm3. Tailings deposits have density values higher than 3.5 g/cm3 and are mainly composed of hematite with occasional occurrences of kaolinite + hematite. Because of geological complexity and historical terrain occupation and usage, geochemical anomalies are common in the Paraopeba River sediments. Our data suggests that mineralogical oriented studies should precede detailed geochemical investigations, to enhance the understanding of the source of such anomalies and the environmental jeopardy associated to the occurrence. In this sense, SEM-based mineralogy has an enormous potential in environment studies.
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Kumar S, Islam ARMT, Hasanuzzaman M, Salam R, Islam MS, Khan R, Rahman MS, Pal SC, Ali MM, Idris AM, Gustave W, Elbeltagi A. Potentially toxic elemental contamination in Wainivesi River, Fiji impacted by gold-mining activities using chemometric tools and SOM analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022. [PMID: 35088286 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-941620/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic element (PTE) contamination in Wainivesi River, Fiji triggered by gold-mining activities is a major public health concern deserving attention. However, chemometric approaches and pattern recognition of PTEs in surface water and sediment are yet hardly studied in Pacific Island countries like Fijian urban River. In this study, twenty-four sediment and eight water sampling sites from the Wainivesi River, Fiji were explored to evaluate the spatial pattern, eco-environmental pollution, and source apportionment of PTEs. This analysis was done using an integrated approach of self-organizing map (SOM), principle component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and indexical approaches. The PTE average concentration is decreasing in the order of Fe > Pb > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Mn > Co > Cd for water and Fe > Zn > Pb > Mn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Co > Cd for sediment, respectively. Outcomes of eco-environmental indices including contamination and enrichment factors, and geo-accumulation index differed spatially indicated that majority of the sediment sites were highly polluted by Zn, Cd, and Ni. Cd and Ni contents can cause both ecological and human health risks. According to PCA, both mixed sources (geogenic and anthropogenic such as mine wastes discharge and farming activities) of PTEs for water and sediment were identified in the study area. The SOM analysis identified three spatial patterns, e.g., Cr-Co-Zn-Mn, Fe-Cd, and Ni-Pb-Cu in water and Zn-Cd-Cu-Mn, Cr-Ni and Fe, Co-Pb in sediment. Spatial distribution of entropy water quality index (EWQI) values depicted that northern and northwestern areas possess "poor" to "extremely poor" quality water. The entropy weights indicated Zn, Cd, and Cu as the major pollutants in deteriorating the water quality. This finding provides a baseline database with eco-environmental and health risk measures for the Wainivesi river contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satendra Kumar
- School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Private Bag, Suva, Fiji.
| | | | - Md Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Roquia Salam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - M Safiur Rahman
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, 4 -Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Subodh Chandra Pal
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, Pin: 713104, India
| | - Mir Mohammad Ali
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Williamson Gustave
- School of Chemistry, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of the Bahamas, New Province, Nassau, Bahamas
| | - Ahmed Elbeltagi
- Agricultural Engineering Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Kumar S, Islam ARMT, Hasanuzzaman M, Salam R, Islam MS, Khan R, Rahman MS, Pal SC, Ali MM, Idris AM, Gustave W, Elbeltagi A. Potentially toxic elemental contamination in Wainivesi River, Fiji impacted by gold-mining activities using chemometric tools and SOM analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:42742-42767. [PMID: 35088286 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18734-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic element (PTE) contamination in Wainivesi River, Fiji triggered by gold-mining activities is a major public health concern deserving attention. However, chemometric approaches and pattern recognition of PTEs in surface water and sediment are yet hardly studied in Pacific Island countries like Fijian urban River. In this study, twenty-four sediment and eight water sampling sites from the Wainivesi River, Fiji were explored to evaluate the spatial pattern, eco-environmental pollution, and source apportionment of PTEs. This analysis was done using an integrated approach of self-organizing map (SOM), principle component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and indexical approaches. The PTE average concentration is decreasing in the order of Fe > Pb > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Mn > Co > Cd for water and Fe > Zn > Pb > Mn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Co > Cd for sediment, respectively. Outcomes of eco-environmental indices including contamination and enrichment factors, and geo-accumulation index differed spatially indicated that majority of the sediment sites were highly polluted by Zn, Cd, and Ni. Cd and Ni contents can cause both ecological and human health risks. According to PCA, both mixed sources (geogenic and anthropogenic such as mine wastes discharge and farming activities) of PTEs for water and sediment were identified in the study area. The SOM analysis identified three spatial patterns, e.g., Cr-Co-Zn-Mn, Fe-Cd, and Ni-Pb-Cu in water and Zn-Cd-Cu-Mn, Cr-Ni and Fe, Co-Pb in sediment. Spatial distribution of entropy water quality index (EWQI) values depicted that northern and northwestern areas possess "poor" to "extremely poor" quality water. The entropy weights indicated Zn, Cd, and Cu as the major pollutants in deteriorating the water quality. This finding provides a baseline database with eco-environmental and health risk measures for the Wainivesi river contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satendra Kumar
- School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Private Bag, Suva, Fiji.
| | | | - Md Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Roquia Salam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - M Safiur Rahman
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, 4 -Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Subodh Chandra Pal
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, Pin: 713104, India
| | - Mir Mohammad Ali
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Williamson Gustave
- School of Chemistry, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of the Bahamas, New Province, Nassau, Bahamas
| | - Ahmed Elbeltagi
- Agricultural Engineering Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Kormoker T, Kabir MH, Khan R, Islam MS, Shammi RS, Al MA, Proshad R, Tamim U, Sarker ME, Taj MTI, Akter A, Idris AM. Road dust-driven elemental distribution in megacity Dhaka, Bangladesh: environmental, ecological, and human health risks assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22350-22371. [PMID: 34782979 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Road dust, which reflects ambient air quality, receives various pollutants including toxic metal(oid)s from several natural and/or anthropogenic sources. This manuscript reports a comprehensive evaluation of the levels of seventeen metal(oid)s in road dust of a megacity (Dhaka, Bangladesh). Different evaluation approaches were implemented including statistical analysis and GIS mapping, besides environmental, ecological, and human health risk indices. From 30 sampling sites, representative samples were collected, which were analyzed by neutron activation analysis. The average concentrations (± SD) of Na, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, and W were 11,738 ± 560 µg g-1, 12,410 ± 1249 µg g-1, 62,127 ± 5937 µg g-1, 8.89 ± 0.47 µg g-1, 5224 ± 1244 µg g-1, 66 ± 8 µg g-1, 66.7 ± 6.9 µg g-1, 547 ± 110 µg g-1, 25,150 ± 1723 µg g-1, 8.39 ± 0.65 µg g-1, 125 ± 17 µg g-1, 3.63 ± 0.56 µg g-1, 87 ± 9 µg g-1, 0.75 ± 0.28 µg g-1, 4.40 ± 0.48 µg g-1, 397 ± 87 µg g-1, and 3.82 ± 1.77 µg g-1, respectively. The distance-based redundancy analysis showed that the northern region was enriched with Na, Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, and Rb, while the southern region was enriched with Fe, Al, Ti, Cr, and Mg. The GIS mapping shows hot spots of Sc, Cr, Zn, and Cs were observed mostly in heavy traffic areas. Significant positive correlations of Fe-Sc, Al-Mg, V-Mg, V-Al, Cs-Rb, Cs-Sc, Rb-Sc, As-Na, and Cs-Rb invoked their inter-dependency and persistence in road dust. Depending on a set of environmental and ecological index-based calculation, the degree of metal(oid) pollution followed the descending order as W > Sb > Zn > Cr > As > Ti > Sc > V, while no pollution was recorded by Mn, Fe, Al, Rb, Cs, Co, and Ba. Importantly, the total hazard index values for adults and children were higher than unity, indicating potential non-carcinogenic health risks from exposure of road dust. Furthermore, the total carcinogenic risks from Cr and As through ingestion and dermal contact exceeded the standard guideline values. The implementation of different evaluation approaches strengthens the findings of metal(oid) source apportionment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Humayun Kabir
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Rifat Shahid Shammi
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Mamun Abdullah Al
- Aquatic Eco-Health Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Umma Tamim
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Eusuf Sarker
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ayesha Akter
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 9004, Saudi Arabia.
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.
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Redistributions of NORMs in and around a gas-field (Shabazpur, Bangladesh): radiological risks assessment. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kumar S, Islam ARMT, Hasanuzzaman M, Salam R, Khan R, Islam MS. Preliminary assessment of heavy metals in surface water and sediment in Nakuvadra-Rakiraki River, Fiji using indexical and chemometric approaches. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113517. [PMID: 34388550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
River water and sediment embody environmental characteristics that give valuable environmental management information. However, indexical and chemometric appraisal of heavy metals (HMs) in river water and sediment is very scarce in Island countries including Fiji. In this research, forty-five sediment and fifteen water samples from the Nakuvadra-Rakiraki River, Fiji were analyzed for appraising spatial distribution, pollution, and source identification of selected heavy metals (HMs) using the coupling tools of self-organizing map (SOM), compositional data analysis (CDA), and sediment and water quality indices. The mean concentration of HMs increased in the order of Cd < Co < Pb < Cu < Zn < Ni < Cr < Mn < Fe for sediment and Cd < Pb < Cu < Ni < Zn < Co < Cr < Fe < Mn for water, respectively. The outcomes of the enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index and contamination factor index varied spatially and most of the sediment samples were polluted by Pb, Mn, and Cu. The potential ecological risk recognized Cd, and Pb as ecological and public health risks to the surrounding communities. Based on SOM and CDA, three potential sources (e.g., point, nonpoint and lithological sources) of HMs for sediment and two sources (e.g., geogenic and human-induced sources) of HMs for water were identified. The spatial patterns of EWQI values revealed that the northern and northeast zones of the studied area possess a high degree of water pollution. The entropy weight indicated Ni and Cd as the main pollutants degrading the water quality. This study gives a baseline dataset for combined eco-environmental measures for the river's water and sediment pollution as well as contributes to an inclusive appraisal of HMs contamination in global rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satendra Kumar
- School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Private Bag, Suva, Fiji
| | | | - Md Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Roquia Salam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
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Haque MM, Hossain N, Jolly YN, Tareq SM. Probabilistic health risk assessment of toxic metals in chickens from the largest production areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:51329-51341. [PMID: 33982252 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13534-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chicken is one of the major protein sources and more affordable for the population of Bangladesh. Its quality monitoring is of high priority for food safety and public health risk assessment. This study determined metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Ni, Cr, Sr, Hg, and Pb) in chickens from different farms of a high production area of Dhaka, Bangladesh, using an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer to calculate the health risk through chickens consumption. In most cases, the toxic metals (As, Ni, Cr, Hg, and Pb) showed very high concentrations in different parts of chickens, especially livers that contained several times higher concentrations than the maximum allowable concentration (MAC). Analytical results showed some feed and water contain high concentrations of As and Cr that might be bioaccumulated in chicken. The estimated daily intake (EDI) for all metals was below the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) values except As and Fe in few farms. Target hazard quotients (THQs) for most metals were less than 1 but THQs of As and Cr of few farms were higher than 1, indicating that the consumer would possess As- and Cr-based health hazards. Total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) of 42% for composite and 36% for body parts samples were > 1, suggesting potential health risk. The probabilistic risk and individual samples cancer risk (TR) were exceeded the acceptable level (10-4) for As and 75% of composite and 58% of body parts of chicken showed acceptable limit (10-6 to 10-4) for Pb, indicating that the peoples might be exposed to lifetime cancer risk in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Morshedul Haque
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Nur Hossain
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin N Jolly
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, 4-Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Shahbag, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shafi M Tareq
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
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Kabir MH, Kormoker T, Islam MS, Khan R, Shammi RS, Tusher TR, Proshad R, Islam MS, Idris AM. Potentially toxic elements in street dust from an urban city of a developing country: ecological and probabilistic health risks assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:57126-57148. [PMID: 34089159 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14581-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities in and around the urban highways followed by aerodynamic processing generate street dusts, which can cause adverse health effects through different exposure pathways. Hence, considering the high degree of industrialization, concomitant unplanned urbanization, and rapid demographic augmentation, street dust samples from an urban city (Gazipur, Bangladesh) were investigated in terms of potentially toxic elements (using ICP-MS) to evaluate their ecological and health risks. Mean concentrations (± SD) of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and arsenic (As) in the analyzed air-dried samples were 40.9 ± 13.6, 44.9 ± 15.4, 83.3 ± 19.0, 9.1 ± 5.4, 239.1 ± 34.7, 33.5 ± 10.4, and 2.1 ± 0.8 mg/kg, respectively with heterogeneous distribution which were 0.2 (As) to 82.7 (Cd) times higher than the available internationally recommended limits. Element-specific environmental indices revealed that contamination levels followed the descending order as Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Ni > As, whereas individual ecological risks followed the descending order as Cd > Cu > Pb > Ni > Zn > Cr > As. Sampling site-specific composite indices indicated that sampling sites with high loadings of traffic, population, industrialization, and urbanization were mostly polluted. Multivariate statistical approaches also deduced the similar origins of the studied elements. In terms of the investigated elements, the study site possessed high potential ecological risks, although non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks through different pathway's exposures seem insignificant, where children are more vulnerable than adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Humayun Kabir
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Rifat Shahid Shammi
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tanmoy Roy Tusher
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 9004, Saudi Arabia
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Kumar S, Islam ARMT, Islam HMT, Hasanuzzaman M, Ongoma V, Khan R, Mallick J. Water resources pollution associated with risks of heavy metals from Vatukoula Goldmine region, Fiji. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112868. [PMID: 34089960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Although mining is essential for human economic development, is amongst the most polluting anthropogenic sources that influence seriously in water resources. Thus, understanding the presence and concentration of heavy metals in water and sediment in the vicinity of mines is important for the sustainability of the ecosystem. In this work, a multidisciplinary approach was developed to characterize the contamination level, source apportionment, co-existence, and degree of ecological and human health risks of HMs on water resources in the Vatukoula Goldmine region (VGR), Fiji. The outcomes suggested significant contamination by Cd (range: 0.01-0.95 g/L), Pb (range: 0.03-0.53 g/L), and Mn (range: 0.01-3.66 g/L) in water samples surpassed the level set by Fiji and international laws, whereas higher concentration of Cd (range: 2.60-23.16 mg/kg), Pb (range: 28.50-200.90 mg/kg) and Zn (range: 36.50-196.66 mg/kg) were detected in sediment samples. Lead demonstrated a strong significant co-existence network with other metals (e.g., Mn, Ni). Source apportionment recognized four source patterns (Cd, Pb, Ni, and Mn) for water and (Cr, Cd-Pb, Mn, and Zn) for sediment which was further confirmed by principal component analysis. The mine inputs source mainly contributed to Cd (66.07%) for water, while mineral processing mostly contributed to Zn (76.10%) for sediment. High non-carcinogenic (>1) and carcinogenic (>10-4) health risks, particularly in children, are related to the elevated Cd, Pb and Cr contents from the VGR. Uncertainty analysis demonstrates that the 90th quantile of Cd led to higher carcinogenic risk. Pollution indices disclosed a moderate to extremely contamination status mainly along the Toko dam which poses high ecological risks identified by index calculation. However, sediment quality indicators based on probable effect levels showed that there was a 75% of likelihood that the concentrations of Cd and Pb adjacent to the VGR have a severe toxic impact on aquatic lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satendra Kumar
- School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Private Bag, Suva, Fiji
| | | | - H M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Victor Ongoma
- International Water Research Institute, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir, 43150, Morocco
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Javed Mallick
- Department of Civil Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
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Kabir MH, Kormoker T, Shammi RS, Tusher TR, Islam MS, Khan R, Omor MZU, Sarker ME, Yeasmin M, Idris AM. A comprehensive assessment of heavy metal contamination in road dusts along a hectic national highway of Bangladesh: spatial distribution, sources of contamination, ecological and human health risks. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1952436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Humayun Kabir
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Rifat Shahid Shammi
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tanmoy Roy Tusher
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zohir Uddin Omor
- Remote Sensing Analyst Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Eusuf Sarker
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Marjana Yeasmin
- Global Innovative Centre For Advance Nanomaterials, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Rahman MS, Kumar S, Nasiruddin M, Saha N. Deciphering the origin of Cu, Pb and Zn contamination in school dust and soil of Dhaka, a megacity in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:40808-40823. [PMID: 33772469 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13565-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, anthropogenic activities have resulted in road dust and roadside soil hosted metal(oid)s pollution in the urban environment. In the South-Asian megacity "Dhaka", schools are situated in the areas with high population density and high traffic emissions. As the school-going children are the most vulnerable receptor, school premises in Dhaka city represent an important yet overlooked exposure point to contaminated dust and soil. Therefore, the present study investigated the metal(oid)s (Cu, Pb, Zn and As) pollution in dust and soil at school compounds, explored their possible sources and estimated the associated human health risk. This study revealed that dust contained higher concentration of metal(oid)s than soil, and the Azimpur Govt. Girls School & College was identified as the most contaminated site. The enrichment of school dust with Cu, Zn and Pb were strictly related to the dense population and substantial traffic activity in the study areas. Arsenic content in school soil was several folds higher than its concentration in the upper crust. Natural and anthropogenic activities possibly posed a synergistic effect on such high soil As. The multivariate statistics suggested that Cu, Zn and Pb were likely to be originated from traffic-related activities, while Zr, Fe, Ti and Rb from natural sources, and K, Sr and Ca from industrial activities. The assessment of health risk suggested the children as a vulnerable receptor and ingestion was identified as the dominant pathway of dust and soil exposure. The hazard index (HI) values were lower than unity, suggesting no possible non-cancer health risk. Arsenic posed a lifetime carcinogenic risk to the population in the study area through soil ingestion and dermal adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Safiur Rahman
- Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, 4-Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Shahbag, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sazal Kumar
- Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 1000049, China
| | - Md Nasiruddin
- Department of Chemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Narottam Saha
- Center for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Rakib MRJ, Jolly YN, Enyoh CE, Khandaker MU, Hossain MB, Akther S, Alsubaie A, Almalki ASA, Bradley DA. Levels and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dried fish consumed in Bangladesh. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14642. [PMID: 34282166 PMCID: PMC8290005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a cheap source of high-quality protein, healthy fats and essential nutrients, dried fish is a common item in the daily diet of the Bangladesh populace. In this study, ten types of widely consumed dried fish (H. neherius, T. lepturu, P.chinensis, P. affinis, A. mola, P. microdon, I. megaloptera, C. dussumieri, L. calcarifer, and G. chapra) were analyzed for Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Hg, Pb, Ni and As by using an Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. The concentration of the studied metals was found in the order Fe > Zn > Hg > Cu > Se > Cr > Mn > Co > Rb > Pb, while As and Ni were below the limit of detection. All fish species showed moderate to high pollution, where the species H. Neherius and P. Chinensis are the most and least polluted ones, respectively. The probable source of contamination is the leaching from the drying pans into the fish samples, atmospheric deposition, anthropogenic contamination, etc. of the water body where these fish were harvested. The calculated hazard index for the general population was below the maximum limiting value (i.e., < 1) except for Hg to children. The carcinogenic risk showed values lower than the acceptable limit for cancer risks (10–6 to 10–4). Periodic monitoring of trace metals in the aquatic organisms along with fish is recommended to avoid any unexpected health hazards caused by the toxic heavy metals via fish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Refat Jahan Rakib
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
| | - Y N Jolly
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division Atomic Energy Centre , Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Christian Ebere Enyoh
- Group Research in Analytical Chemistry, Environment and Climate Change (GRACE&CC), Department of Chemistry, Imo State University (IMSU), PMB 2000, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Center for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - M Belal Hossain
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.,School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shirin Akther
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division Atomic Energy Centre , Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Alsubaie
- Department of Physics, College of Khurma, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - D A Bradley
- Center for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
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Khan R, Islam HMT, Islam ARMT. Mechanism of elevated radioactivity in Teesta river basin from Bangladesh: Radiochemical characterization, provenance and associated hazards. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128459. [PMID: 33032211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a river basin (Teesta River, Bangladesh) which possesses significantly higher radioactivity compared to other freshwater basins around the globe. A total of thirty sediment samples were collected to determine the naturally occurring radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 4 K)and elemental abundances using the HPGe gamma spectrometry and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), respectively. To understand the provenance of higher radioactivity, the compositional elements (Sc, Ti, V, Fe, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Dy, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Th, and U) of heavy minerals are thoroughly studied, where ∑REEs (rare earth elements), Hf, Ta, Th, and U are ∼2 times higher than the crustal values with negative Ce and Eu anomalies. Mechanism to co-occurrence among radioactivity concentrations and REEs has been explored in this work. Enrichment of light rare earth elements ( × 2.01 UCC) and thorium ( × 2.8 UCC), and Th/U (=5.54 ± 1.05), 232Th/4 K ratio and statistical analyses demonstrate the presence of heavy minerals with monazite predominance. Accumulations of these minerals are most likely due to the fluvial suspended sediments transported by the hydrodynamic forces from up-stream. Elemental ratios including La/V, Th/Yb, Th/Sc, and Hf/Sc confirm the dominance of felsic-source over the mafic-components and the source of sediment has experienced major recycling and sorting during transportation. Evaluation of radiological risks invokes ionizing radiation related hazards to the local inhabitants and the householders residing in the buildings comprised with sandy river sediments. However, minute probability of REEs, Th, and U entrance to the human body through food chain can cause trivial health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - H M Touhidul Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
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Environmental Impacts of Coal-Mining and Coal-Fired Power-Plant Activities in a Developing Country with Global Context. ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63422-3_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Marrugo-Negrete J, Pinedo-Hernández J, Marrugo-Madrid S, Díez S. Assessment of trace element pollution and ecological risks in a river basin impacted by mining in Colombia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:201-210. [PMID: 32803612 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trace element pollution in rivers by anthropogenic activities is an increasing problem worldwide. In this study, the contamination and ecological risk by several trace elements were evaluated along a 100-km stretch of the San Jorge River in Colombia, impacted by different mining activities. The increase of average concentration levels and range of trace elements in sediments (in μg/g) was as follows: Cu 6656 (454-69,702) > Cd 1159 (0.061-16,227) > Zn 1064 (102-13,483) > Ni 105 (31-686) > Pb 7.2 (5.1-11.7) > As 1.8 (1.0-3.2) > Hg 0.31 (0.12-1.37). Results showed that surface sediments could be classified as very high ecological risk index (RI > 600), associated with high contamination of Hg, Cd, and Cu, in stations close mining activities. Values for pollution load index indicate an environmental deterioration (PLI > 1), and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) suggested that Cu, Ni, Zn, and Hg caused adverse biological effects. We further used pollution indices such as contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) to assess the extent of contamination. According to these indices, discharges of hazardous chemicals over many years have resulted in a high degree of pollution for Cu, Pb, and Cd, with critical values in stations receiving wastes from mining activities. Multivariate statistical analysis suggested that Hg, Cd, Cu, and Zn derived from gold and coal mining, Ni and As were related from the mining of ferronickel and coal, respectively, whereas the high Pb load was attributed to diffuse source of pollution. In sum, our study provided the first detailed database on metal concentration and ecological risks to organisms in sediments of the San Jorge River Basin, and the current results also suggested future research for public health action.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marrugo-Negrete
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Management, University of Córdoba, Montería, Colombia.
| | - José Pinedo-Hernández
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Management, University of Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
| | - Siday Marrugo-Madrid
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Management, University of Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
| | - Sergi Díez
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDÆA-CSIC, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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Rodriguez R, Vargas S. Critical flocculation concentration for polyvalent ions using silica nanoparticles; a new version of Schulze-Hardy rule. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0263617420957827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical Flocculation Concentration (CFC) is an important quantity because allows to know the optimal amount of flocculant required to remove (adsorb) specific quantities of metal ions in aqueous solution allowing to reduce both, the flocculation time and the excess of unreacted flocculant; this unreacted material produces, by itself, an additional contamination. The results reported here show that the standard Schulze-Hardy-Rule (SHR), based only in the valence z, is not longer valid to obtain the right values of CFC. In this work it is reported a correct determination of CFC for di- and tri-valent ions using different types of silica nanoparticles. Both, the initial pH slope (-pHo) and the valence z are required to determine correctly the CFC. The proposed modified version for CFC is CFC ∝ [(-pHo)z]−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Rodriguez
- Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Susana Vargas
- Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
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Distribution, sources and ecological risk of trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from a polluted urban river in central Bangladesh. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Water management projects have an important role in regional environmental protection and socio-economic development. Environmental policies, strategies, and special measures are designed in order to balance the use and non-use values arising for the local communities. The region of Serres in Northern Greece hosts two wetland management projects—the artificial Lake Kerkini and the re-arrangement of Strymonas River. The case study aims to investigate the residents’ views and attitudes regarding these two water resources management projects, which significantly affect their socio-economic performance and produce several environmental impacts for the broader area. Simple random sampling was used and, by the application of reality and factor analyses along with the logit model support, significant insights were retrieved. The findings revealed that gender, age, education level, and marital status affect the residents’ perceived values for both projects and their contribution to local growth and could be utilized in policy making for the better organization of wetland management.
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Islam MA, Das B, Quraishi SB, Khan R, Naher K, Hossain SM, Karmaker S, Latif SA, Hossen MB. Heavy metal contamination and ecological risk assessment in water and sediments of the Halda river, Bangladesh: A natural fish breeding ground. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111649. [PMID: 33181930 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the mass fractions of Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, As, Ni, Cu, Cd, Hg, and Pb in water and sediments of the Halda river, Bangladesh, and studies the distribution, contamination, and potential ecological risks of the metals and metalloid. The average mass fractions of As, Cd, and Pb are relatively higher in sediments compared to those in background values, whereas Al, Fe, Mn, and Pb concentration fractions in water are higher than the international guideline values. The results of the different contamination indices indicate that Halda river sediments are minorly contaminated by As and Pb and moderately to considerably contaminated by Cd. The ecological risk assessments indicate considerable to high ecological risk due to Cd. Multivariate statistical analysis reveals the origin of the contaminants in the river, and indicate that Cr, Zn, Pb, and Cd are from anthropogenic activities while the other metals originate from natural lithogenic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amirul Islam
- Reactor and Neutron Physics Division, Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, AERE, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Biplob Das
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong 4349, Bangladesh
| | - Shamshad Begum Quraishi
- Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, 4 Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Reactor and Neutron Physics Division, Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, AERE, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Naher
- Reactor and Neutron Physics Division, Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, AERE, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Mohammod Hossain
- Reactor and Neutron Physics Division, Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, AERE, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Shanjib Karmaker
- Nuclear Power and Energy Division, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, E-12/A Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Shaikh Abdul Latif
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Belal Hossen
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong 4349, Bangladesh
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D Azeredo Orlando MT, Galvão ES, Sant Ana Cavichini A, Gabrig Turbay Rangel CV, Pinheiro Orlando CG, Grilo CF, Soares J, Santos Oliveira KS, Sá F, Junior AC, Bastos AC, da Silva Quaresma V. Tracing iron ore tailings in the marine environment: An investigation of the Fundão dam failure. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127184. [PMID: 32526464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to characterize, in mineral and chemical terms, the ore tailings related to the Mariana disaster (MG, Brazil), occurred on 5 November 2015, and assess its correlation with sediments found in the continental shelf adjacent to the Doce River mouth (ES, Brazil). This study uses samples of tailings and seabed sediments collected at the mouth of the Doce River from 2012 to 2019. Elemental compositions of all samples were determined by X-ray fluorescence measurements; however, Synchrotron Resonant X-Ray Diffraction proved to be a remarkable technique to characterize the crystallographic phases of iron present in sediments. Studies and analyzes of the sediment samples showed that the tailings have a notable feature of the iron-crystallographic phases, mainly observed in the period after the Fundão dam failure, as compared with sediments collected in the period before. This set of iron-containing mineral phases, here called the Iron Mineralogical Set (IMS), consists of the main phases of hematite and magnetite and the minority phases of goethite and greenalite and it is used as a marker of tailings. Mass ac magnetic susceptibility measures supported the concept of the IMS as a marker. It is suggested a relationship between the content of the IMS in the sediment samples as a function of the measures of mass magnetic susceptibility. The IMS had shown the influence of tailings on the sea bed sediment indicating that there is no possibility, at the current stage, of predicting how many years this material will still be at the seabed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fabian Sá
- Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
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Towfiqul Islam ARM, Hasanuzzaman M, Touhidul Islam HM, Mia MU, Khan R, Habib MA, Rahman MM, Siddique MAB, Moniruzzaman M, Rashid MB. Quantifying Source Apportionment, Co-occurrence, and Ecotoxicological Risk of Metals from Upstream, Lower Midstream, and Downstream River Segments, Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:2041-2054. [PMID: 32633828 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model was used for the first time to quantify the source contributions to heavy metal pollution of sediment on a national basin scale in the upstream, midstream, and downstream rivers (Teesta and Kortoya-Shitalakkah and Meghna-Rupsha and Pasur) of Bangladesh. The metal contamination status, co-occurrence, and ecotoxicological risk were also investigated. Sediment samples were collected from 30 sites at a depth range of 0 to 20 cm for analysis of 9 metals using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The mean concentrations of metals varied for upstream, lower midstream, and downstream river segments. The results showed that chromium (Cr) exhibited a strong significant co-occurrence network with other metals (e.g., manganese [Mn], iron [Fe], and nickel [Ni]). Monte Carlo simulation results of the geo-accumulation index (Igeo; 63.3%) and risk indices (48.5%) showed that cadmium (Cd) was the main contributor to sediment pollution. However, the cumulative probabilities of sediments being polluted by metals were ranked as "moderate to heavily polluted" (Igeo 46.6%; risk index 16.7%). Toxicity unit results revealed that zinc (Zn) and Cd were the key toxic contributors to sediments. The PMF model predicted metal concentrations and identified 4 potential sources. The agricultural source (factor 1) mostly contributed to copper (Cu; 78.9%) and arsenic (As; 62.8%); Ni (96.9%) and Mn (83.5%) exhibited industrial point sources (factor 2), with 2 hot spots in northwestern and southwestern regions. Cadmium (93.5%) had anthropogenic point sources (factor 3), and Fe (64.3%) and Cr (53.5%) had a mixed source (factor 4). Spatially, similar patterns between PMF apportioning factors and predicted metal sources were identified, showing the efficiency of the model for river systems analysis. The degree of metal contamination in the river segments suggests an alarming condition for biotic components of the ecosystem. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2041-2054. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - H M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Uzzal Mia
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahosan Habib
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Bazlar Rashid
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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46
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Islam ARMT, Islam HMT, Mia MU, Khan R, Habib MA, Bodrud-Doza M, Siddique MAB, Chu R. Co-distribution, possible origins, status and potential health risk of trace elements in surface water sources from six major river basins, Bangladesh. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126180. [PMID: 32086063 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we appraised the concentrations of 8 major trace elements (TEs) in surface water sources from six river basins, Bangladesh: Meghna, Kartoya, Sitalakha, Teesta, Pashur and Rupsha River basins. Co-distribution, the status of water quality and potential health risks were assessed using statistical analyses, the entropy water quality index (EWQI), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), spatial autocorrelation index (SAI), hazard index (HI), and Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation. The spatial variations of TEs concentrations differed notably among the studied river basins. The average concentrations of TEs (except Ni, As, and Zn) in six river basins exceeded the drinking water quality guidelines. About 20% of water samples in six basins were categorized as undrinkable to poor qualities for drinking uses, while good water quality for irrigation purposes. The entropy theory identified that Cr, Pb, and As are the key pollutants influencing the water quality. According to the results of non-carcinogenic risk, the hazard index (HI) values for adults and children surpassed the allowable limit (>1), demonstrating detrimental health effects on humans. The carcinogenic risk values of chromium (Cr) were much higher than As and Cd exposures which exceeded the benchmark recommended by US EPA (>10-6 to 10-4), with an elevated risk for adults than children through the oral intake as the primary exposure route. Overall, the results suggest that the local population exposed to surface water may pose an adverse health effect, thus, strict regulation and efficient management should be focused on Cr, Cd and As monitoring and appraisal in these basins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Uzzal Mia
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahosan Habib
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Ronghao Chu
- Anhui Public Meteorological Service Center, Anhui Meteorological Bureau, Hefei 230031, China
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Hossain MS, Ahmed MK, Sarker S, Rahman MS. Seasonal variations of trace metals from water and sediment samples in the northern Bay of Bengal. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110347. [PMID: 32114239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to determine the temporal variation of trace metals concentrations in surface water and surface sediment samples at Kutubdia Channel, Bangladesh. Trace metals of samples were detected using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) method. The lowest concentration of metals was found in water samples during post-monsoon season and the highest during pre-monsoon season (Cu: 0.030 ± 0.001 μg/L in pre-monsoon and 0.026 ± 0.002 μg/L in post-monsoon, Zn: 0.087 ± 0.003 μg/L in pre-monsoon and 0.073 ± 0.002 μg/L in post-monsoon, Fe: 0.080 ± 0.001 μg/L in pre-monsoon and 0.055 ± 0.001 μg/L in post-monsoon). In contrast, metal concentration in surface sediment samples were higher in post-monsoon than in pre-monsoon season i.e. Cr 11 mg/kg in pre-monsoon and 12 mg/kg in post-monsoon, Mn 571 mg/kg in pre-monsoon and 606 mg/kg in post-monsoon, As (8 mg/kg in pre-monsoon and 10 mg/kg in post-monsoon, Pb (22 mg/kg in pre-monsoon and 24 mg/kg in post-monsoon, and Fe 2317 mg/kg in pre-monsoon and 2435 mg/kg in post-monsoon. We found a spatial gradient of high to medium to low in trace metal concentration from river to river mouth to offshore area. Considering the sources of metals, land erosion by waves and tidal action, an influx of water and sediment from the surrounding rivers, agricultural waste, industrial effluent and sewage are the most likely sources of metal pollution in the study area. We conclude that proper management strategies should be adopted to control the pollution and conserve the ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Solaiman Hossain
- Department of Oceanography, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; Department of Oceanography, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Kawser Ahmed
- Department of Oceanography, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Subrata Sarker
- Department of Oceanography, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - M Safiur Rahman
- Environmental and Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
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Whitehead PG, Bussi G, Peters R, Hossain MA, Softley L, Shawal S, Jin L, Rampley CPN, Holdship P, Hope R, Alabaster G. Modelling heavy metals in the Buriganga River System, Dhaka, Bangladesh: Impacts of tannery pollution control. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134090. [PMID: 32380601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution from tanneries is a global problem in many rapidly developing economies. Effluent discharges into rivers cause serious problems for water quality, damaging ecology and threatening the livelihoods of people, especially in developing urban centres which often have a high concentration of factories. The industry intensive capital area of Bangladesh is impacted with high levels of metals pollution in rivers in the Greater Dhaka Watershed. Sampling and modelling studies have been undertaken to assess pollution in the Buriganga River System in Dhaka. The process based, dynamic model INCA (Integrated Catchments) model has been used to simulate metals along the Buriganga River System in Central Dhaka. Observed and simulated metals concentrations are high, and the model shows that the proposed transfer of the tannery industry upstream helps to reduce the pollution significantly downstream. However, moving the industry upstream may be counterproductive as it is discharged into the upper reaches of the river. This will create pollution upstream unless the newly constructed effluent treatment system can operate at a high level.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Whitehead
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK; Oxford Molecular Biosensors, Centre for Innovation and Enterprise, Begbroke, Oxford OX5 1PF, UK.
| | - G Bussi
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
| | - R Peters
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
| | - M A Hossain
- Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM), Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - L Softley
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
| | - S Shawal
- Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM), Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - L Jin
- Geology Department, State University of New York College at Cortland, Cortland, NY 13045, USA
| | - C P N Rampley
- Oxford Molecular Biosensors, Centre for Innovation and Enterprise, Begbroke, Oxford OX5 1PF, UK
| | - P Holdship
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Parks Road, OX1 3AN, UK
| | - R Hope
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
| | - G Alabaster
- United Nations Human Settlements Programme, Waste Management and Sanitation Division, Palais des Nations, Avenue de la Paix, 8-14, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
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49
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Elemental abundances, natural radioactivity and physicochemical records of a southern part of Bangladesh: Implication for assessing the environmental geochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2019.100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Jiao W, Niu Y, Niu Y, Li B, Zhao M. Quantitative identification of anthropogenic trace metal sources in surface river sediments from a hilly agricultural watershed, East China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:32266-32275. [PMID: 31598924 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative identification of anthropogenic trace metal sources in surface river sediments is vital for watershed pollution control and environmental safety. In this study, we developed a reliable approach by integrating enrichment factor (EF), multiple linear regression of absolute principal component scores (MLR-APCS), and Pb stable isotopes, and applied it to a typical hilly agricultural watershed in Eastern China. Results showed that trace metals have accumulated in the river sediments during long-term agricultural development, with special concern of Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr that may pose adverse biological effects. Among them, Pb was the most anthropogenically impacted trace metal due to its high EF value, but its excessive concentration still did not exceed background concentration. Based on the excessive trace metal concentrations, atmospheric deposition, livestock manure, and chemical fertilizer were identified as the three major anthropogenic pollution sources, and their respective contributions were further estimated by using MLR-APCS model. Together with natural contributions, atmospheric deposition contributed on average 35.3%, 43.1%, and 30.4% of total Ni, Pb, and Cr concentrations in the sediments, respectively. Similarly, livestock manure contributed 41.0% of total Cu and 40.6% of total Zn concentrations, while chemical fertilizer was responsible for 44.3% of total Cd concentration. For Pb, the source contribution of atmospheric deposition to sediment pollution was also quantitatively assessed by isotopic analysis, which was generally close to the value of 43.1% and therefore verified the EF and MLR-APCS results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
- Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yuan Niu
- Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yong Niu
- Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Bao Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
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