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Huang X, Huang J, Lu M, Liu Y, Jiang G, Chang M, Xu W, Dai Z, Zhou C, Hong P, Li C. In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the detection of nanoplastics: A novel approach inspired by the aging of nanoplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174249. [PMID: 38936740 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) present a hidden risk to organisms and the environment via migration and enrichment. Detecting NPs remains challenging because of their small size, low ambient concentrations, and environmental variability. There is an urgency to exploit detection approaches that are more compatible with real-world environments. Herein, this study provides a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique for the in situ reductive generation of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), which is based on photoaging-induced modifications in NPs. The feasibility of generating Ag NPs on the surface of NPs was derived by exploring the photoaging mechanism, which was then utilized to SERS detection. The approach was applied successfully for the detection of polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) NPs with excellent sensitivity (e.g., as low as 1 × 10-6 mg/mL for PVC NPs, and an enhancement factor (EF) of up to 2.42 × 105 for small size PS NPs) and quantitative analytical capability (R2 > 0.95579). The method was successful in detecting NPs (PS NPs) in lake water. In addition, satisfactory recoveries (93.54-105.70 %, RSD < 12.5 %) were obtained by spiking tap water as well as lake water, indicating the applicability of the method to the actual environment. Therefore, the proposed approach offers more perspectives for testing real environmental NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jinchan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Meilin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Guangzheng Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Min Chang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Wenhui Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhenqing Dai
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China.
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Chengyong Li
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment for South China Sea Marine Ranching, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Tropical Ocean Environment in Western Coastal Water, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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2
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Tuncelli G, Can Tuncelli I, Dagsuyu E, Turkyilmaz IB, Yanardag R, Erkan N. The effect of different types of microplastic and acute cadmium exposure on the Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 936:173505. [PMID: 38797408 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is a pressing issue for both environmental health and the safety of human food sources. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of MPs on Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck 1819), focusing on the food safety risks associated with MP and cadmium (Cd) exposure in these organisms intended for consumption. The retention of different polymer types of MPs in mussels was specifically evaluated, and the influence of Cd on MP retention across these polymers was investigated. Mussels were exposed to polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MPs individually and in combination with the toxic metal Cd for a duration of 7 days. Antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress parameters, and digestive system enzyme activities, selected as biomarkers for Cd and MPs pollution, were assessed. Furthermore, human consumption risk evaluations and limits regarding mussel intake were analysed in terms of food safety. The results suggest that exposure to Cd, MPs, or their combination induces oxidative stress, tissue damage, and neurotoxicity. Alterations in digestive enzyme activities could impact the mussels' energy acquisition from food and their capacity to conserve energy reserves. The estimated daily intake (EDI), provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and target cancer risk (TCR) levels for all groups surpassed established limits, implying a significant health risk for humans consuming these products. These results underscore the potential health risks for humans associated with consuming mussels exposed to Cd and/or MPs and provide valuable data for monitoring pollution levels and ecological risks in aquatic organisms. Additionally, our findings reveal that the retention of Cd in mussel tissues varies significantly after exposure, with combinations of PET and Cd showing lower levels of Cd accumulation compared to other groups, suggesting a differential interaction that influences Cd retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Tuncelli
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Department of Aquaculture and Fish Diseases, Aquaculture Programme, 34134 Fatih, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Idil Can Tuncelli
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Seafood Processing Technology, Seafood Processing Technology Programme, 34134 Fatih, Istanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Eda Dagsuyu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ismet Burcu Turkyilmaz
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nuray Erkan
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Seafood Processing Technology, Food Safety Programme, 34134 Fatih, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Curi LM, Barrios CE, Attademo AM, Caramello C, Peltzer PM, Lajmanovich RC, Sánchez S, Hernández DR. A realistic combined exposure scenario: effect of microplastics and atrazine on Piaractus mesopotamicus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29794-29810. [PMID: 38592632 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics, considered emerging environmental contaminants resulting from plastic degradation, are discovered in diverse aquatic ecosystems and can be unintentionally ingested by fish. Therefore, it is essential to characterize their interaction with other contaminants, such as agrochemicals, in aquatic environments. This study aimed to assess histological, enzymatic, and genotoxic biomarkers in juvenile pacú (Piaractus mesopotamicus) exposed to polyethylene (PE) microplastic particles and the herbicide atrazine, individually or combined, for 15 days. Four treatments were used: a negative control (CON), PE in the fish diet (0.1% w/w, FPE), atrazine through water (100 μg L-1, ATZ), and the mixture (ATZ+FPE). Results confirmed histological alterations in gills (edema and lamellar fusion) and liver (necrotic areas and congestion) of fish exposed to ATZ and ATZ+FPE. The number of goblet cells increased in the posterior intestine of fish under ATZ+FPE compared to CON and FPE. Enzyme activities (CAT, GST, AChE, and BChE) significantly increased in ATZ+FPE compared to CON. However, no genotoxic effect was demonstrated. These findings provide insights into the complex impacts of simultaneous exposure to atrazine and microplastics, emphasizing the need for continued research to guide effective environmental management strategies against these contaminants that represent a risk to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Marilén Curi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Materiales de Misiones (IMAM). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (FCEQyN), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNAM-CONICET), Félix de Azara, 1552, Posadas, Argentina.
| | - Carlos Eduardo Barrios
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste (INICNE). Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral, 2139, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Andrés Maximiliano Attademo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB -UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje "El Pozo", RNN 168, Km, 472, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Cynthia Caramello
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Materiales de Misiones (IMAM). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (FCEQyN), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNAM-CONICET), Félix de Azara, 1552, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Paola Mariela Peltzer
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB -UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje "El Pozo", RNN 168, Km, 472, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Rafael Carlos Lajmanovich
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB -UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje "El Pozo", RNN 168, Km, 472, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Sánchez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste (INICNE). Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral, 2139, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - David Roque Hernández
- Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste (INICNE). Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral, 2139, Corrientes, Argentina
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4
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de Ruijter VN, Hof M, Kotorou P, van Leeuwen J, van den Heuvel-Greve MJ, Roessink I, Koelmans AA. Microplastic Effect Tests Should Use a Standard Heterogeneous Mixture: Multifarious Impacts among 16 Benthic Invertebrate Species Detected under Ecologically Relevant Test Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19430-19441. [PMID: 37992256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics require a risk assessment framework that takes their multidimensionality into account while exclusively considering robust data. Therefore, effect tests should use a diverse, environmentally relevant microplastic (ERMP) standard material that adheres to high-quality requirements. In this study, we provide chronic dose-effect relationships and effect thresholds for 16 benthic species exposed to ERMP. The ERMP was created from plastic items collected from natural sources and cryogenically milled to represent the diversity of microplastics. The test design met 20 previously published quality assurance and quality control criteria. Adverse effect thresholds (EC10) were determined at ERMP concentrations of 0.11 ± 0.17% sediment dry weight (Gammarus pulex, growth), 0.49 ± 0.68% sediment dry weight (Lumbriculus variegatus, growth), and 1.90 ± 1.08% sediment dry weight (L. variegatus, reproduction). A positive effect of microplastics, such as decreased mortality, was observed for Cerastoderma edule (EC10 = 0.021 ± 0.027% sediment dry weight) and Sphaerium corneum (EC10 = 7.67 ± 3.41% sediment dry weight), respectively. Several of these laboratory-based single-species effect thresholds for ERMP occurred at concentrations lower than those found in the environment. For other species, no significant effects were detected up to an ERMP dose of 10% dry weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera N de Ruijter
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Post Office Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Matthias Hof
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Post Office Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Petranta Kotorou
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Post Office Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jesse van Leeuwen
- Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University & Research, Post Office Box 77, 4400 AB Yerseke, Netherlands
| | | | - Ivo Roessink
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Post Office Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Albert A Koelmans
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Post Office Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
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5
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Abbasi A, Sadeghi P, Taghizadeh Rahmat Abadi Z. Characterization of microplastics in digestive tract of commercial fish species from the Oman Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 197:115769. [PMID: 37976585 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) content of the digestive tract of two commercial fish from the northern shores of the Oman Sea were investigated. The MPs were characterized by optical microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, and SEM-EDX for their number, shape, size, and color. Polymer composition was analyzes using micro-Raman spectroscopy (RMS). MPs were recovered in all fish samples (100 %), with an average of 43.16 ± 8.23 items/individual in Otolithes ruber, and 29.9 ± 2.73 items/individual in Acanthopagrus latus. The predominant shape of MPs in both fishes was fiber (46 %) with black, transparent, and white colors. The majority of MPs were <1000 μm (75 %), and half of the MPs were smaller than 300 μm in size. Their synthetic nature was confirmed by Nile Red staining and determination of the elemental composition of selected items. Polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) were the dominant plastic polymers in the fish digestive tracts. This study reveals abundance distribution of MPs in digestive tract of commercial marine fish. High number of ingested MPs can alarm the accumulation of MPs in the northern of Oman Sea ecosystem with anthropogenic activities and raises issues in public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abbasi
- Marine Biology Department, Marine Science Faculty, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran
| | - Parvin Sadeghi
- Marine Biology Department, Marine Science Faculty, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran.
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6
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Maes T, Preston-Whyte F, Lavelle S, Gomiero A, Booth AM, Belzunce-Segarra MJ, Bellas J, Brooks S, Bakir A, Devriese LI, Pham CK, De Witte B. A recipe for plastic: Expert insights on plastic additives in the marine environment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115633. [PMID: 37864860 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The production and consumption of plastic products had been steadily increasing over the years, leading to more plastic waste entering the environment. Plastic pollution is ubiquitous and comes in many types and forms. To enhance or modify their properties, chemical additives are added to plastic items during manufacturing. The presence and leakage of these additives, from managed and mismanaged plastic waste, into the environment are of growing concern. In this study, we gauged, via an online questionnaire, expert knowledge on the use, characteristics, monitoring and risks of plastic additives to the marine environment. We analysed the survey results against actual data to identify and prioritise risks and gaps. Participants also highlighted key factors for future consideration, including gaining a deeper understanding of the use and types of plastic additives, how they leach throughout the entire lifecycle, their toxicity, and the safety of alternative options. More extensive chemical regulation and an evaluation of the essentiality of their use should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Maes
- GRID-Arendal, Teaterplassen 3, 4836 Arendal, Norway.
| | | | | | - Alessio Gomiero
- NORCE Climate and Environment dep, Mekjarvik 12, 4072 Randaberg, Norway
| | - Andy M Booth
- SINTEF Ocean, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Juan Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro 50, Vigo 36390, Spain
| | - Steven Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - Adil Bakir
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Lisa I Devriese
- Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), InnovOcean Campus, Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Christopher Kim Pham
- Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar - OKEANOS, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Bavo De Witte
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Marine Research (ILVO-Marine), Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium
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7
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Nuamah F, Tulashie SK, Debrah JS, Pèlèbè ROE. Microplastics in the Gulf of Guinea: An analysis of concentrations and distribution in sediments, gills, and guts of fish collected off the coast of Ghana. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116567. [PMID: 37422113 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs, <5 mm) accumulate in marine environments, impacting marine organism health. This study examined MPs in sediment and two pelagic fish species (S. maderensis and I. africana) in Ghana's Gulf of Guinea. The study found an average concentration of 0.144 ± 0.061 items/g (dry weight) in the sediment, with pellets and transparent particles being the most common types. The concentration of MPs in contaminated fish ranged from 8.35 to 20.95, with fibers and pellets being the most abundant plastic-type in fish. Individual organ concentrations of MPs varied. In fish gills, concentrations ranged from 1 to 26 MPs/individual for I. africana and 1-22 MPs/individual for S. maderensis. Concentrations in the fish guts ranged from 1 to 29 MPs/individual for I. africana and 2-24 MPs/individual for S. maderensis. Results from the study highlight the importance of both gills and guts as important organs in terms of microplastic contamination and emphasize the significance of monitoring microplastic contamination in fish gills and guts. This offers valuable insight into the impact of MPs on the marine environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Nuamah
- Centre for Coastal Management (Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience, ACECoR), University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; University of Cape Coast, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Industrial Chemistry Unit, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Samuel Kofi Tulashie
- Centre for Coastal Management (Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience, ACECoR), University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; University of Cape Coast, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Department, Industrial Chemistry Unit, Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - Joseph Sefah Debrah
- University of Cape Coast, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ghana
| | - Rodrigue Orobiyi Edéya Pèlèbè
- Centre for Coastal Management (Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience, ACECoR), University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
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8
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Gulizia AM, Philippa B, Zacharuk J, Motti CA, Vamvounis G. Plasticiser leaching from polyvinyl chloride microplastics and the implications for environmental risk assessment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115392. [PMID: 37690404 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics in aquatic environments is a growing concern, particularly due to the leaching of chemical additives such as plasticisers. To develop comprehensive environmental risk assessments (ERAs) of high-concern polymers and plasticisers, an understanding of their leachability is required. This work investigated diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol A (BPA) leaching from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics (average diameter = 191 μm) under simulated marine conditions. Leaching behaviours were quantified using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and the polymer's physiochemical properties analysed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and optical microscopy. Experimental data were fitted to a diffusion and boundary layer model, which found that BPA leaching was temperature-dependent (diffusion-limited), whereas DEHP leaching was controlled by surface rinsing. Model predictions also highlighted the importance of microplastic size on leaching dynamics. These data contribute towards greater accuracy in ERAs of microplastics, with implications for water quality and waste management, including decommissioning of plastic infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Gulizia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, QLD 4811, Australia; AIMS@JCU, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Bronson Philippa
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, QLD 4811, Australia.
| | - Jessica Zacharuk
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, QLD 4811, Australia; AIMS@JCU, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Cherie A Motti
- AIMS@JCU, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - George Vamvounis
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, QLD 4811, Australia.
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9
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Gedik K, Eryaşar AR, Emanet M, Şahin C, Ceylan Y. Monthly microplastics change in European anchovy's (Engraulis encrasicolus) gastrointestinal tract in the Black Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115303. [PMID: 37478786 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
To contribute to a better understanding of the regional dynamics of MP pollution and its potential effects on the anchovy population and human health, here we assessed the presence and characterization of microplastics (MPs) in European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), which is the most caught/consumed species in the Black Sea and is of vital importance to the ecosystem. A total of 360 individuals (30 per month) were sampled from the eastern Black Sea continental shelf all year round (monthly from September 20 to Aug 21). We extracted and digested the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of the samples with H2O2 and characterized the MPs in the GITs by stereomicroscope and ATR-FTIR. MPs varied between 0 and 0.43 MP individual-1. The morphological structure of MPs was composed of 51 % fiber > fragment (32.7 %) > film (12.2 %) > foam (4.1 %) and polymer types as PP (42.9 %) and PE (22.4 %). In the prevalence of MP colors, black (26.5 %) > white (24.5 %) > red (22.5 %) was observed. The mean MP size was 735.32 ± 836.62 μm, with no significant correlation between the abundance and size of ingested MPs and anchovy height/weight and GIT weight. We determined that MP abundance showed substantial differences between the fishing season (0.18 ± 0.05 MP ind-1) and the banned season (0.05 ± 0.03 MP ind-1). It is essential to develop effective waste management strategies to protect the vulnerable marine ecosystems of the Black Sea and ensure sustainable exploitation of living resources in this region. These strategies should be accompanied by robust monitoring and enforcement measures to guarantee their effectiveness and compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Gedik
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Türkiye.
| | - Ahmet Raif Eryaşar
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Türkiye
| | - Muhammet Emanet
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Fisheries, 53100 Rize, Türkiye
| | - Cemalettin Şahin
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Fisheries, 53100 Rize, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Ceylan
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Fisheries, 53100 Rize, Türkiye
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10
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Trindade PAA, Brabo LDM, Andrades R, Azevedo-Santos VM, Andrade MC, Candore L, Cabigliera SB, Chelazzi D, Cincinelli A, Jeffres CA, Giarrizzo T. First record of plastic ingestion by a freshwater stingray. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 880:163199. [PMID: 37004767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The abundance and dispersion of plastic particles in aquatic ecosystems has become pervasive resulting in the incorporation of these materials into food webs. Here we describe the first record of plastic ingestion by the freshwater white-blotched river stingray Potamotrygon leopoldi (Potamotrygonidae), an endemic and threatened species in the Xingu River, Amazon basin. Potamotrygonidae stingrays inhabit exclusively Neotropical rivers, occupying rocky substrate habitats and feeding mainly on benthic macroinvertebrates. The gastrointestinal tract of 24 stingrays were analyzed, 16 (66.6 %) of which contained plastic particles. In total, 81 plastic particles were recorded and consisted of microplastics (< 5 mm, n = 57) and mesoplastics (5-25 mm, n = 24). The plastic particles found were classified into fibers (64.2 %, n = 52) and fragments (35.8 %, n = 29). The predominant color was blue (33.3 %, n = 27), followed by yellow (18.5 %, n = 15), white (14.8 %, n = 12), black (13.6 %, n = 11), green (6.2 %, n = 5), transparent (4.9 %, n = 4), pink, grey and brown (2.5 %, n = 2, each) and orange (1.2 %, n = 1). No significant correlation was observed between the number of plastic particles and the body size. Eight types of polymers were identified in the plastic particles analyzed using 2D FTIR Imaging. The most frequent polymer was artificial cellulose fiber. This is the first report of plastic ingestion by freshwater elasmobranchs in the world. Plastic waste has become an emerging problem in aquatic ecosystems globally and our results provide an important datapoint for freshwater stingrays in the Neotropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A A Trindade
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Guamá (PCT Guamá), Belém, Pará, Brazil; Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia-NEAP, Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Lúcio D M Brabo
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Guamá (PCT Guamá), Belém, Pará, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ryan Andrades
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Guamá (PCT Guamá), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Valter M Azevedo-Santos
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Guamá (PCT Guamá), Belém, Pará, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Tocantins-UFT, CEP 77500-000, Porto Nacional, Tocantins, Brazil; Faculdade Eduvale de Avaré, Avaré, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Andrade
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia-NEAP, Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Humanas, Naturais, Saúde e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65200-000 Pinheiro, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Laura Candore
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Serena B Cabigliera
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Carson A Jeffres
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Guamá (PCT Guamá), Belém, Pará, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
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11
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Brehm J, Ritschar S, Laforsch C, Mair MM. The complexity of micro- and nanoplastic research in the genus Daphnia - A systematic review of study variability and a meta-analysis of immobilization rates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131839. [PMID: 37348369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of publications on nano- and microplastic particles (NMPs) effects on freshwater organisms has increased rapidly. Freshwater crustaceans of the genus Daphnia are widely used in ecotoxicological research as model organisms for assessing the impact of NMPs. However, the diversity of experimental designs in these studies makes conclusions about the general impact of NMPs on Daphnia challenging. To approach this, we systematically reviewed the literature on NMP effects on Daphnia and summarized the diversity of test organisms, experimental conditions, NMP properties and measured endpoints to identify gaps in our knowledge of NMP effects on Daphnia. We use a meta-analysis on mortality and immobilization rates extracted from the compiled literature to illustrate how NMP properties, study parameters and the biology of Daphnia can impact outcomes in toxicity bioassays. In addition, we investigate the extent to which the available data can be used to predict the toxicity of untested NMPs based on the extracted parameters. Based on our results, we argue that focusing on a more diverse set of NMP properties combined with a more detailed characterization of the particles in future studies will help to fill current research gaps, improve predictive models and allow the identification of NMP properties linked to toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Brehm
- Animal Ecology I, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sven Ritschar
- Animal Ecology I, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Animal Ecology I, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany; Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Magdalena M Mair
- Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), Bayreuth, Germany; Statistical Ecotoxicology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
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12
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Khan ML, Hassan HU, Khan FU, Ghaffar RA, Rafiq N, Bilal M, Khooharo AR, Ullah S, Jafari H, Nadeem K, Siddique MAM, Arai T. Effects of microplastics in freshwater fishes health and the implications for human health. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e272524. [PMID: 37283392 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.272524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of microplastics in aquatic environments has raised concerns about their abundance and potential hazards to aquatic organisms. This review provides insight into the problem that may be of alarm for freshwater fish. Plastic pollution is not confined to marine ecosystems; freshwater also comprises plastic bits, as the most of plastic fragments enter oceans via rivers. Microplastics (MPs) can be consumed by fish and accumulated due to their size and poor biodegradability. Furthermore, it has the potential to enter the food chain and cause health problems. Evidence of MPs s ingestion has been reported in >150 fish species from both freshwater and marine systems. However, microplastic quantification and toxicity in freshwater ecosystems have been underestimated, ignored, and not reported as much as compared to the marine ecosystem. However, their abundance, influence, and toxicity in freshwater biota are not less than in marine ecosystems. The interaction of MPs with freshwater fish, as well as the risk of human consumption, remains a mystery. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the impacts of MPs on freshwater fish is still very limited. This study detailed the status of the toxicity of MPs in freshwater fish. This review will add to our understanding of the ecotoxicology of microplastics on freshwater fish and give subsequent research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Khan
- Kohat University of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H U Hassan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
- Government of Pakistan, Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Fisheries Development Board, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F U Khan
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Zoology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R A Ghaffar
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Rafiq
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - M Bilal
- Government College University Lahore, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A R Khooharo
- University of Karachi, Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- University of Swabi, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H Jafari
- University of Karachi, Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - K Nadeem
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M A M Siddique
- Noakhali Science and Technology University, Department of Oceanography, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - T Arai
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Faculty of Science, Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Gadong, Brunei
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13
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Kurniawan TA, Haider A, Ahmad HM, Mohyuddin A, Umer Aslam HM, Nadeem S, Javed M, Othman MHD, Goh HH, Chew KW. Source, occurrence, distribution, fate, and implications of microplastic pollutants in freshwater on environment: A critical review and way forward. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138367. [PMID: 36907482 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The generation of microplastics (MPs) has increased recently and become an emerging issue globally. Due to their long-term durability and capability of traveling between different habitats in air, water, and soil, MPs presence in freshwater ecosystem threatens the environment with respect to its quality, biotic life, and sustainability. Although many previous works have been undertaken on the MPs pollution in the marine system recently, none of the study has covered the scope of MPs pollution in the freshwater. To consolidate scattered knowledge in the literature body into one place, this work identifies the sources, fate, occurrence, transport pathways, and distribution of MPs pollution in the aquatic system with respect to their impacts on biotic life, degradation, and detection techniques. This article also discusses the environmental implications of MPs pollution in the freshwater ecosystems. Certain techniques for identifying MPs and their limitations in applications are presented. Through a literature survey of over 276 published articles (2000-2023), this study presents an overview of solutions to the MP pollution, while identifying research gaps in the body of knowledge for further work. It is conclusive from this review that the MPs exist in the freshwater due to an improper littering of plastic waste and its degradation into smaller particles. Approximately 15-51 trillion MP particles have accumulated in the oceans with their weight ranging between 93,000 and 236,000 metric ton (Mt), while about 19-23 Mt of plastic waste was released into rivers in 2016, which was projected to increase up to 53 Mt by 2030. A subsequent degradation of MPs in the aquatic environment results in the generation of NPs with size ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. It is expected that this work facilitates stakeholders to understand the multi-aspects of MPs pollution in the freshwater and recommends policy actions to implement sustainable solutions to this environmental problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahtisham Haider
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Mohyuddin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Umer Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Nadeem
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Javed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Hui Hwang Goh
- School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore
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14
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Mancia A, Abelli L, Palladino G, Candela M, Lucon-Xiccato T, Bertolucci C, Fossi MC, Baini M, Panti C. Sorbed environmental contaminants increase the harmful effects of microplastics in adult zebrafish, Danio rerio. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 259:106544. [PMID: 37105865 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic animals ingest Microplastics (MPs) which have the potential to affect the uptake and bioavailability of sorbed co-contaminants. However, the effects on living organisms still need to be properly understood. The present study was designed to assess the combined effects of MPs and environmental contaminants on zebrafish (Danio rerio) health and behavior. Adult specimens were fed according to three different protocols: 1) untreated food (Control group); 2) food supplemented with 0.4 mg/L pristine polyethylene-MPs (PE-MPs; 0.1-0.3 mm diameter) (PEv group); 3) food supplemented with 0.4 mg/L PE-MPs previously incubated (PEi group) for 2 months in seawater. Analysis of contaminants in PEi detected trace elements, such as lead and copper. After 15 days of exposure, zebrafish underwent behavioral analysis and were then dissected to sample gills and intestine for histology, and the latter also for microbiome analysis. Occurrence of PEv and PEi in the intestine and contaminants in the fish carcass were analyzed. Both PEv- and PEi-administered fish differed from controls in the assays performed, but PEi produced more harmful effects in most instances. Overall, MPs after environmental exposure revealed higher potential to alter fish health through combined effects (e.g. proportion of microplastics, pollutants and/or microorganisms).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalaura Mancia
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Luigi Abelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Giorgia Palladino
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro, 6, Bologna 40126, Italy; Fano Marine Center, the Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, vialeAdriatico 1/N, Fano, Pesaro Urbino 61032, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro, 6, Bologna 40126, Italy; Fano Marine Center, the Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, vialeAdriatico 1/N, Fano, Pesaro Urbino 61032, Italy
| | - Tyrone Lucon-Xiccato
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bertolucci
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Fossi
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli, 4, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Matteo Baini
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli, 4, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Cristina Panti
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli, 4, Siena 53100, Italy
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15
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Nam SH, Kim SA, Lee TY, An YJ. Understanding hazardous concentrations of microplastics in fresh water using non-traditional toxicity data. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130532. [PMID: 36495642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution has become a major environmental problem, indicating the need to implement quantitative governance standards in combination with reducing or banning single-use plastic. Previous studies have predicted no-effect concentrations for limited microplastic-based toxicity data but have not considered environmentally relevant sizes, shapes, or polymers. To provide high quantity and quality data for microplastics of different sizes, shapes, or polymer compositions, non-traditional and traditional toxicity data may need to be considered in combination. In this study, we reviewed toxicity data for microplastics in freshwaters from 2018 to 2022 and analyzed the toxicity data using traditional and non-traditional methods. Based on 166 chronic traditional toxicity data points, the hazard concentration (HC) values calculated from non-traditional toxicity endpoints or all toxicity endpoints were lower than those calculated from traditional toxicity endpoints. Based on 398 chronic traditional plus non-traditional toxicity data points, the HC values calculated from traditional plus non-traditional values were higher than those calculated from traditional toxicity values. With these results, we developed a new framework for deriving microplastic-specific hazardous concentrations, one that especially considers non-traditional toxicity endpoints and values for microplastics. Overall, this study offers a basis for future management strategies and associated frameworks for mitigating microplastic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hwa Nam
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Sang A Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Tae-Yang Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea.
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16
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Huang L, Zhang W, Zhou W, Chen L, Liu G, Shi W. Behaviour, a potential bioindicator for toxicity analysis of waterborne microplastics: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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17
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Sun T, Wu H. Reconciling the actual and nominal exposure concentrations of microplastics in aqueous phase: Implications for risk assessment and deviation control. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130246. [PMID: 36327840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The deviation between actual and nominal concentrations of microplastics (MPs), as a long-standing issue, has been critically commented. However, there is still a lack of quantitative assessment and reconciling practice on the deviation. In this study, a total of 210 deviations were recompiled to thoroughly examine this issue. It was shown that up to 81 (39%) deviations exceeded the recommended ± 20% variation specification, highlighting that the deviation of MPs should not be neglected. This study attempted to reconcile the deviation based on the most prominent driving factors. Specifically, the game theory-based SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) algorithm identified that the particle size was the most important factor affecting the deviation. Subsequently, at each size magnitude, a significant linear correlation between the logarithmic actual and nominal concentrations was determined, which provided a sound basis for estimating the actual concentration from the nominal one. Furthermore, deviations of different size classes were simulated through 10, 000 points, suggesting that the ± 20% deviation variation could be well maintained within a specific concentration range. Moreover, the potential interaction effects between factors were quantified by SHAP interaction values, with more detailed conversion bases proposed. Additionally, several control measures were recommended to reduce the deviation of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
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18
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Zeng Q, Yang Q, Chai Y, Wei W, Luo M, Li W. Polystyrene microplastics enhanced copper-induced acute immunotoxicity in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114432. [PMID: 38321696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Not only can it be ingested by animals, but it can easily become a carrier of other pollutants, forming a composite pollutant with potentially toxic effects on organisms. We investigated the effect of Cu on the accumulation of polystyrene microplastics (PS) in the gills of Procambarus clarkii and whether PS exacerbated the immune toxicity of Cu to P. clarkii were exposed to Cu, PS and PS+Cu for 48 h, the accumulation of PS in gill and hepatopancreas immune and antioxidant indices were analyzed. The objective was to investigate the toxic effects of Ps and Cu compound pollutants on P. clarkii and whether the accumulated pollutants would cause food safety problems. The results showed that microplastic particles adhered to each other and aggregated in the PS+Cu group, and the number of microplastic particles in gill in the PS+Cu group was significantly lower than that in the PS group. Compared with the other two treatment groups, SOD, CAT, GPx activities and MDA content increased significantly in the PS+Cu group and were relatively delayed. At 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h, the SOD mRNA expression levels in the PS+Cu group were all significantly lower than those in the Cu group (P < 0.05). At 24 h and 48 h, CAT mRNA expression in the PS+Cu group was significantly higher than that in the Cu group (P < 0.05). Crustin 4 mRNA expressions in the PS+Cu group was significantly higher than that in the Cu group at 12 h and 36 h (P < 0.05). The results demonstrate that the PS and Cu compound reduced the accumulation of microplastic particles in the gill. PS particles delayed Cu entry into P. clarkii for a short time (12 h) and reduced the toxic effect, but with the increase of exposure time (24 h and 48 h), the toxic effect of PS and Cu complexes on P. clarkii increases, and the large accumulation of PS and Cu complexes may cause food safety problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiufeng Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yi Chai
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Mingzhong Luo
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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19
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Chen H, Chen H, Nan S, Liu H, Chen L, Yu L. Investigation of Microplastics in Digestion System: Effect on Surface Microstructures and Probiotics. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:882-892. [PMID: 35920852 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There are increasingly attentions on the pollution from microplastics, especially the impact on human health. This work focuses on one hand the effect of digestion system on the surface microstructures of microplastics from the most popular sources such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride. On the other hand, how these microplastic affect probiotics in digestion system was also investigated to evaluate their toxicity on health. All the samples were treated by in vitro simulating digestion consisting of three phases: oral, gastric and intestinal. There were no physical differences observed by both Scanning Electronic Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy, and no significant chemical changes detected by both Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy after digestion treatment. The effect of these microplastics on tested strains were investigated by in vitro culture method and results showed that polystyrene microplastics could inhibit the growth of the Lactobacillus significantly. The results indicated that the digestion system could not decompose microplastics, even on the surfaces, since plastics are inert due to their low chemical reactivity, but the microplastics might lead to imbalance of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Centre for Polymers From Renewable Resources, School of Food Science and Engineering, SCUT, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Centre for Polymers From Renewable Resources, School of Food Science and Engineering, SCUT, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shugang Nan
- Centre for Polymers From Renewable Resources, School of Food Science and Engineering, SCUT, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Centre for Polymers From Renewable Resources, School of Food Science and Engineering, SCUT, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Centre for Polymers From Renewable Resources, School of Food Science and Engineering, SCUT, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Long Yu
- Centre for Polymers From Renewable Resources, School of Food Science and Engineering, SCUT, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Guangzhou, China.
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Sridharan S, Kumar M, Saha M, Kirkham MB, Singh L, Bolan NS. The polymers and their additives in particulate plastics: What makes them hazardous to the fauna? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153828. [PMID: 35157873 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increasing concerns on global ecosystems and human health, the environmental risks posed by microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have become an important topic of research. Their ecological impacts on various faunal species have been extensively researched and reviewed. However, the majority of those studies perceive these micro(nano)-plastics (MNPs) as a single entity rather than a collective term for a group of chemically distinct polymeric particulates. Each of the plastic polymers can possess unique physical and chemical behavior, which, in turn, can determine the possible environmental impacts. Furthermore, many studies explore the adsorption, absorption, and release of other environmental pollutants by MNPs. But only a handful of them explore the leaching of additives possessed by these polymers. Data on the environmental behavior and toxicity of individual additives associated with different polymer particulates are scarce. Knowledge about the leachability and ecotoxicity of the additives associated with environmental MNPs (unlike large plastic particles) remains limited. The ecological impacts of different MNPs together with their additives and the basis of their toxicity have not been explored yet. The present review systematically explores the potential implications of environmentally predominant polymers and their associated additives and discusses their physicochemical characteristics. The review ultimately aims to provide novel insights on what components precisely make MNPs hazardous to the fauna. The paper also discusses the major challenges proposed in the available literature along with recommendations for future research to throw light on possible solutions to overcome the hazards of MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinidhi Sridharan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahua Saha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403004, Goa, India
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States of America
| | - Lal Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The UWA Institute of Agriculture, M079, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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21
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da Silva JVF, Lansac-Tôha FM, Segovia BT, Amadeo FE, Braghin LDSM, Velho LFM, Sarmento H, Bonecker CC. Experimental evaluation of microplastic consumption by using a size-fractionation approach in the planktonic communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153045. [PMID: 35033570 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing amount of plastic particles introduced into continental aquatic environments has drawn the attention of researchers around the globe. These particles can be assimilated by a wide range of aquatic organisms, from microorganisms to fish, causing detrimental effects on trophic webs. Using an experimental approach, we investigated the effect of microplastic particles of different sizes on the planktonic trophic chain by sampling natural plankton communities from a lake located in the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Zooplankton samples were collected at the beginning of the experiment and after 36 h of incubation. Microplastic particles (MP) samples were taken every 12 h. The effect of MP particle consumption from the control and treatment groups indicates significant effects by all plankton size fractions (p < 0.05). We demonstrated that the presence of MP particles can significantly affect the trophic web, furthermore, we detected the effect of higher consumption effect of smaller size MP particles. This study suggest that the largest MP consumption effects come from the lower trophic levels of the trophic chain, such as protists. The competitive effect of large predators is a crucial factor in controlling the abundance of populations, and although they did not directly consume MP particles, they ingest them indirectly through prey capable of absorbing these compounds in the environment. Our findings warn that MP particles enter the food webs of tropical regions when exposed to these pollutants, and that the presence of these particles should not be neglected when studying freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Vitor Fonseca da Silva
- Graduate Program of Compared Biology (PGB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Miranda Lansac-Tôha
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bianca Trevizan Segovia
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Felipe Emiliano Amadeo
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Louizi de Souza Magalhães Braghin
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Machado Velho
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Graduate Program of Clean Technology, Cesumar University Center (UNICESUMAR), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Hydrobiology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Costa Bonecker
- Graduate Program of Compared Biology (PGB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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22
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Ateia M, Ersan G, Alalm MG, Boffito DC, Karanfil T. Emerging investigator series: microplastic sources, fate, toxicity, detection, and interactions with micropollutants in aquatic ecosystems - a review of reviews. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:172-195. [PMID: 35081190 PMCID: PMC9723983 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00443c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of review studies have been published focusing on microplastics (MPs) and their environmental impacts. With the microbiota colonization of MPs being firmly established, MPs became an important carrier for contaminants to step inside the food web all the way up to humans. Thus, the continuous feed of MPs into the ecosystem has sparked a multitude of scientific concerns about their toxicity, characterization, and interactions with microorganisms and other contaminants. The reports of common subthemes have agreed about many findings and research gaps but also showed contradictions about others. To unravel these equivocal conflicts, we herein compile all the major findings and analyze the paramount discrepancies among these review papers. Furthermore, we systematically reviewed all the highlights, research gaps, concerns, and future needs. The covered focus areas of MPs' literature include the sources, occurrence, fate, existence, and removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), toxicity, interaction with microbiota, sampling, characterization, data quality, and interaction with other co-contaminants. This study reveals that many mechanisms of MPs' behavior in aquatic environments like degradation and interaction with microbiota are yet to be comprehended. Furthermore, we emphasize the critical need to standardize methods and parameters for MP characterization to improve the comparability and reproducibility of the incoming research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ateia
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Environmental Solutions & Emergency Response, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Gamze Ersan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA.
| | - Mohamed Gar Alalm
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal, H3C 3A7 Québec, Canada
- Department of Public Works Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Daria Camilla Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal, H3C 3A7 Québec, Canada
| | - Tanju Karanfil
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA.
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23
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Zhao T, Tan L, Han X, Wang X, Zhang Y, Ma X, Lin K, Wang R, Ni Z, Wang J, Wang J. Microplastic-induced apoptosis and metabolism responses in marine Dinoflagellate, Karenia mikimotoi. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150252. [PMID: 34798757 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) occur widely in marine environments, and disturb the balance of aquatic ecosystems. In this study, programmed cell apoptosis in marine dinoflagellate, Karenia mikimotoi exposed to 10 mg L-1 micro/nanoplastics (MPs/NPs; polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate) for 72 h was assessed. Prior to the toxicity assay, MPs/NPs were dialyzed to remove possible additives. Cell viability, membrane integrity, cell apoptosis, and total DNA concentration were measured to assess programmed cell apoptosis in K. mikimotoi following exposure to MPs/NPs. A transcriptome analysis was used to explore the potential toxic mechanism of MPs to K. mikimotoi. Programmed cell apoptosis was related to the size of MPs/NPs, and NPs could more easily impair cell viability, and reduced cell membrane integrity and DNA concentration. NP particles caused continuous apoptosis of K. mikimotoi compared to MP particles. Size had the greatest effect on toxicity in K. mikimotoi. In conclusion, the results evidenced that both MPs and NPs have a negative impact on the marine dinoflagellate, K. mikimotoi. However, NPs were more harmful to K mikimotoi than MPs, highlighting the potential ecological problems associated with exposure to NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center, Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment Administration, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, PCR, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Liju Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaotian Han
- Changjiang River Estuary Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xutao Wang
- Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center, Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment Administration, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, PCR, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Yafeng Zhang
- Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center, Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment Administration, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, PCR, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | | | - Kun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Ziqi Ni
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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24
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Zhang Y, Su X, Tam NF, Lao X, Zhong M, Wu Q, Lei H, Chen Z, Li Z, Fu J. An insight into aggregation kinetics of polystyrene nanoplastics interaction with metal cations. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Xue YH, Feng LS, Xu ZY, Zhao FY, Wen XL, Jin T, Sun ZX. The time-dependent variations of zebrafish intestine and gill after polyethylene microplastics exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1997-2010. [PMID: 34529203 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are common environmental contaminants that present a growing health concern due to their increasing presence in aquatic and human systems. However, the mechanisms behind MP effects on organisms are unclear. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used as an in vivo model to investigate the potential risks and molecular mechanisms of the toxic effects of polyethylene MPs (45-53 μm). In the zebrafish intestine, 6, 5, and 186 genes showed differential expression after MP treatment for 1, 5, and 10 days, respectively. In the gills, 318, 92, and 484 genes showed differential expression after MP treatment for 1, 5, and 10 days, respectively. In both the intestine and the gills, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation showed that the main enriched terms were biological regulation, cellular process, metabolic process, cellular anatomical entity, and binding. KEGG enrichment analysis on DEGs revealed that the dominant pathways were carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism, which were strongly influenced by MPs in the intestine. The dominant pathways in the gills were immune and lipid metabolism. The respiratory rate of gills, the activity of SOD and GSH in the intestine significantly increased after exposure to MPs compared with the control (p < 0.05), while the activity of SOD did not change in the gills. GSH activity was only significantly increased after MP exposure for 5 days. Also, the MDA content was not changed in the intestine but was significantly decreased in the gills after MP exposure. The activity of AChE significantly decreased only after MPs exposure for 5 days. Overall, these results indicated that MPs pollution significantly induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, increased respiratory rate, disturbed energy metabolism and stimulated immune function in fish, displaying an environmental risk of MPs to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hao Xue
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, PR China
| | - Liang-Shan Feng
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yu Xu
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, PR China
| | - Feng-Yan Zhao
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, PR China
| | - Xin-Li Wen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Tuo Jin
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, PR China
| | - Zhan-Xiang Sun
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, PR China.
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26
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Owen S, Cureton S, Szuhan M, McCarten J, Arvanitis P, Ascione M, Truong VK, Chapman J, Cozzolino D. Microplastic adulteration in homogenized fish and seafood - a mid-infrared and machine learning proof of concept. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 260:119985. [PMID: 34058667 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the ability of utilizing attenuated total reflection mid-infrared (ATR-MIR) spectroscopy in combination with machine learning techniques to classify the presence of different types of microplastics in artificially adulterated fish and seafood samples. Different polymers namely poly-vinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP) and low (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were mixed with homogenized fish and seafood samples. Homogenized samples were analyzed using MIR spectroscopy and classification models developed using machine learning algorithms such as partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results of this study revealed that it was possible to identify between adulterated and non-adulterated samples as well as the different microplastic types added to the homogenized samples using ATR-MIR spectroscopy. This study confirmed the ability of combining machine learning methods with ATR-MIR spectroscopy to directly analyze microplastic adulteration in fleshy foods such as fish and seafood. This proof-of-concept study can be utilized and extended to monitor the presence of plastics either in a wide range of fleshy foods or along the entire food value chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Owen
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Samuel Cureton
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Mathew Szuhan
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Joel McCarten
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Panagiota Arvanitis
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Max Ascione
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - James Chapman
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- 2 Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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27
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Khatmullina L, Chubarenko I. Thin synthetic fibers sinking in still and convectively mixing water: laboratory experiments and projection to oceanic environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117714. [PMID: 34265557 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic fibers with diameters of several tens of micrometers are the most abundant type of microplastics in the marine environment, yet the most unknown regarding dynamics in the water column. Experiments proposed here are a proof-of-concept of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of fibers' motion in still water and in the presence of thermal convection. For 12 sets of fine fibers (nylon (1.12 g/cm3) and polyester (1.35 g/cm3), 1.9-14.8 mm long, diameters 13 and 20 μm), 84 measurements of sinking velocity in still water were acquired. In still conditions, fibers settled smoothly and slowly, preserving their initial (accidental) orientation. Sinking rates of fibers with lengths <5 mm varied between 0.5 and 3.7 mm/s (the bulk mean of 1.6 mm/s). Fibers with similar properties showed 4-fold different sinking velocity, which is supposed to be the effect of their different orientation while settling: vertically oriented fibers (19% in the experiments) settled faster than those with inclined orientation (48%), and horizontally oriented fibers (33%) settled with the smallest velocities. Convective mixing of water, heated from below, principally changed the manner of sinking of fibers: their motions became unsteady and 3-dimensional. In 78 measurements for 4-mm long nylon fibers (using the "light knife" technique), only about 56% of fibers showed downward velocity component (mean 1.33 ± 0.78 mm/s), which was twice as small as in still water, however the ratio of max/min values increased up to 14. Fibers could move in different directions and follow circular motions of a convective cell. Our findings suggest two possible mechanisms retaining fibers in the water column: entrainment of some particles in horizontal and vertical motions and slowed sinking due to unsteady flow around the fiber. The retention of fibers leads to decrease in integral downward particle flux (up to 4 times in our experiments).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Khatmullina
- Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nahimovskiy Prospect, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Irina Chubarenko
- Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nahimovskiy Prospect, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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28
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Ockenden A, Tremblay LA, Dikareva N, Simon KS. Towards more ecologically relevant investigations of the impacts of microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148507. [PMID: 34465042 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is a major environmental concern and the subject of a rapidly growing body of research. Much of this research has focused on the direct effects of microplastics on single species and there is limited information on how microplastics affect different functional groups of organisms, multi-species interactions, and ecosystem processes. We focused on freshwater systems and reviewed 146 studies of microplastic effects on freshwater biota and recorded features including particle characteristics, study designs, functional types of species tested and ecotoxicological endpoints measured. Study species were categorized based on their ecosystem role/functional feeding group rather than taxonomy. We found that most studies were conducted on single species (95%) and focused on a narrow range of functional groups of organisms (mostly filter feeders, 37% of studies). Very few studies have investigated multi-species interactions and ecosystem processes. In many studies, certain characteristics of microplastics, such as polymer type were not well matched with the feeding and habitat ecology of test species, potentially reducing their ecological relevance. Median laboratory study test concentrations were 5-6 orders of magnitude higher than those reported in the field and few studies considered the effects of chemical additives in plastics (6%). We recommend that studies addressing the ecological effects of microplastics need to address neglected functional groups of organisms, design experiments to better match the ecology of test species, and increase in experimental scale and complexity to identify any indirect effects on species interactions and ecosystem processes. We suggest that examining microplastics through an ecological lens that better integrates the feeding and habitat ecology of test organisms will advance our understanding of the effects microplastics have in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ockenden
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Science Centre, Building 302, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland CBD, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Louis A Tremblay
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Building 110, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland CBD, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street, The Wood, Nelson 7010, New Zealand.
| | - Nadia Dikareva
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Science Centre, Building 302, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland CBD, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Kevin S Simon
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Science Centre, Building 302, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland CBD, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
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29
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Huang W, Zhao T, Zhu X, Ni Z, Guo X, Tan L, Wang J. The effects and mechanisms of polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate with different sizes and concentrations on Gymnodinium aeruginosum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117626. [PMID: 34426372 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Gymnodinium aeruginosum was exposed to polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) of three particle sizes (0.1 μm, 1.0 μm and 100 μm) and two concentrations (10 mg/L and 75 mg/L) for 96 h. The density of algae cells, the endpoints that reactive oxygen species (ROS), total protein (TP), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) were used to explore the toxicity mechanism to the microalgae. At a concentration of 75 mg/L, the 96 h inhibition ratios (IR) with particle sizes of 0.1 μm, 1.0 μm and 100 μm on G. aeruginosum were 55.9%, 63.7% and 6.0% for PS, respectively, and 3.0%, 4.1% and -0.6% for PMMA, respectively. The most significant changes in ROS, TP, MDA, SOD and CAT were observed at 75 mg/L 1.0 μm of PS when treated for 96 h. When exposed to nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs), the algae cells were damaged, and the antioxidant system was activated. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) could help to detoxify the algae. In general, PS was more toxic than PMMA. The toxicity of small MNPs (0.1 μm and 1.0 μm) was related to the concentrations, while large MNPs (100 μm) did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Ziqi Ni
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Liju Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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30
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Cai H, Chen M, Du F, Matthews S, Shi H. Separation and enrichment of nanoplastics in environmental water samples via ultracentrifugation. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117509. [PMID: 34388497 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics are an emerging contaminant in aquatic environments. However, analytical methods for the separation, concentration, and identification of nanoplastics, which are essential to assess nanoplastic presence in the environment, are lacking. Here, we developed a new and easy-to-use method to separate and enrich nanoplastics in field water samples with ultracentrifugation. River water was spiked with polystyrene fragments (< 1000 nm) at an environmentally relevant concentration (108-109 particles/L). The polystyrene fragments were successfully separated and enriched by a factor of nearly 50 times with a high recovery rate (87.1%) after undergoing our process. Particles were then characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and enhanced darkfield microscopy with a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) spectrometer. These techniques are non-destructive and allow the assessment of plastic concentration, morphology, and polymer type. Our method can potentially be applied to other water samples to supply clean, enriched nanoplastic samples that can facilitate their identification in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Mengdi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Fangni Du
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Sara Matthews
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada.
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Do Freshwater Fish Eat Microplastics? A Review with A Focus on Effects on Fish Health and Predictive Traits of MPs Ingestion. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13162214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have received increasing attention in the last decade and are now considered among the most concerning emerging pollutants in natural environments. Here, the current knowledge on microplastic ingestion by wild freshwater fish is reviewed with a focus on the identification of possible factors leading to the ingestion of MPs and the consequences on fish health. Within the literature, 257 species of freshwater fishes from 32 countries have been documented to ingest MPs. MPs ingestion was found to increase with rising level of urbanization, although a direct correlation with MPs concentration in the surrounding water has not been identified. MPs ingestion was detected in all the published articles, with MPs presence in more than 50% of the specimens analyzed in one study out of two. Together with the digestive tract, MPs were also found in the gills, and there is evidence that MPs can translocate to different tissues of the organism. Strong evidence, therefore, exists that MPs may represent a serious risk for ecosystems, and are a direct danger for human health. Moreover, toxicological effects have also been highlighted in wild catches, demonstrating the importance of this problem and suggesting the need for laboratory experiments more representative of the environmental situation.
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Ho WK, Leung KSY. The crucial role of heavy metals on the interaction of engineered nanoparticles with polystyrene microplastics. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 201:117317. [PMID: 34130085 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite continuous research on microplastics (MPs), studies exploring the complexity of interaction between MPs and other aqueous constituents in multi-solute systems are scarce. In this study, the uptake and release of nanoceria (CeNPs) by various polystyrene MPs (PSMPs) were investigated. Results showed that PSMPs in the presence of heavy metals (HMs) exhibited a substantially higher sorption affinity for isotropic charged CeNPs than PSMPs alone; this enhanced affinity was attributed to the formation of PSMP-HM-CeNP complexes. FE-SEM imaging reaffirmed that CeNP clusters adhered to PSMP surfaces in the presence of HMs. Such attachment varied dependent on valence state, atomic size of coexisting metal cations, surface texture, and functionalities of MPs. The HM-mediated complex formation on PSMP particles was suppressed at higher ionic strength because of competitive sorption and double-layer compression. Subsequent release of MP-adhered CeNPs and HMs varied significantly between aquatic media and various simulated digestive fluids, verifying the crucial role of MPs for transfer of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) from natural environments into biota via ingestion of MPs and trophic transfer. Our results highlight the enhanced potential for MPs to accumulate and to transport ENPs when metallic contaminants are present, which adds to the current understanding of the environmental fate and adverse effects of MPs along with various waterborne contaminants in actual environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Kit Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, HKSAR, P.R.China
| | - Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, HKSAR, P.R.China; HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen, P.R.China.
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Mallik A, Xavier KAM, Naidu BC, Nayak BB. Ecotoxicological and physiological risks of microplastics on fish and their possible mitigation measures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146433. [PMID: 33743469 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed and extensively found within marine ecosystems, and approximately 8 million tons of plastics are being dumped into the sea annually. Once reached the marine environment, plastics tend to get fragmented into smaller particles through photo-degradation, mechanical and biological processes. These MPs have raised concerns globally due to their potential toxic impacts on a wide variety of aquatic fauna and humans. Ingested microplastics can cause severe health implications in fishes, including reduced feeding intensity, improper gill functioning, immuno-suppression, and compromised reproducibility. Several studies were also conducted to scrutinize MPs trophic transfer through the food chain from primary producers to top predators and their bioaccumulation. This paper briefly summarizes all the possible sources, routes, bioavailability, trophic transfer, and consequences of microplastics in fishes. The review article also intended to highlight various mitigation strategies like implementing Four R's concept (refuse, reduce, reuse, and recycle), integrated strategies, ban on single-use plastics, use bioplastics, and create behavioural changes with public awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Mallik
- Fishery Resource Harvest and Postharvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - K A Martin Xavier
- Fishery Resource Harvest and Postharvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Bejawada Chanikya Naidu
- Fishery Resource Harvest and Postharvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- Fishery Resource Harvest and Postharvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
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34
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Sun L, Sun S, Bai M, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Huang Q, Hu C, Li X. Internalization of polystyrene microplastics in Euglena gracilis and its effects on the protozoan photosynthesis and motility. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 236:105840. [PMID: 33945909 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, effects of polystyrene microplastics (MPS) on Euglena gracilis were investigated via examination on its photosynthesis and motility, two typical properties of the protozoan. No adverse effects were observed after 4-d exposure except for decrease in motility at two high MPS concentrations (5 and 25 mg/L). After 8-d duration, MPS at 1 mg/L had no obvious effects on E. gracilis, but two higher concentrations (5 and 25 mg/L) of MPS inhibited protozoan growth, motility, and photosynthesis. The reduced protozoan photosynthetic activity was reflected by changes in Fv/Fm (the maximum photochemical yield of PSII), ΔFIP (difference between FP and FI) and PIABS (the performance index), indicative of reduced quantum yield of electron transport and enhanced energy dissipation. A dose-dependent effect of MPS on E. gracilis was found in protozoan growth, photosynthesis and motility, especially photosynthetic indices. MPS of small size (75 nm) seemed more toxic to the protozoa than large size (1000 nm). Internalization of MPS in the cells and chloroplasts was observed clearly for the first time, likely responsible for their toxicity. Analysis on photosynthetic process and motility of E. gracilis could provide more comprehensive understanding of MPS toxicity in the aquatic environment, and may potentially serve as a biomonitoring tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P.R. China; College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P.R. China
| | - Shiqing Sun
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P.R. China
| | - Ming Bai
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P.R. China
| | - Zhengjun Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P.R. China
| | - Yongjun Zhao
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P.R. China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia 30223, United States
| | - Changwei Hu
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P.R. China.
| | - Xi Li
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P.R. China
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35
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Vieira KS, Baptista Neto JA, Crapez MAC, Gaylarde C, Pierri BDS, Saldaña-Serrano M, Bainy ACD, Nogueira DJ, Fonseca EM. Occurrence of microplastics and heavy metals accumulation in native oysters Crassostrea Gasar in the Paranaguá estuarine system, Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 166:112225. [PMID: 33677332 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of contaminants in the marine environment is considered a global threat to marine organisms. Heavy metals and microplastics are two distinct classes of pollutants but there are interactions between these two stressors that are still poorly understood. We examined the potential relationship between heavy metals (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ba, Hg, Pb) and microplastic particles in oysters sampled along the Paranaguá Estuarine System. The results suggested high levels of As and Zn in the bivalves, which are destined for human consumption. Microplastic particles were found in oysters from all sampled locations, demonstrating the spread of this pollutant in the marine environment and its ability to bioaccumulate in oysters. However, our data did not demonstrate a direct relationship between microplastics and heavy metals, suggesting that these particles are not the main route for heavy metal contamination of oysters in the Paranaguá Estuarine System.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khauê Silva Vieira
- Laboratory of Marine Geology, Institute of Geosciences, Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR, Fluminense Federal University, Avenida Litorânea s/n, 24210-340 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - José Antônio Baptista Neto
- Laboratory of Marine Geology, Institute of Geosciences, Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR, Fluminense Federal University, Avenida Litorânea s/n, 24210-340 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Miriam Araujo Carlos Crapez
- Laboratory of Marine Geology, Institute of Geosciences, Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR, Fluminense Federal University, Avenida Litorânea s/n, 24210-340 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Christine Gaylarde
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Oklahoma University, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Bruno da Silva Pierri
- Laboratory of Fish Nutrition/LABNUTRI, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Miguel Saldaña-Serrano
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry/LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry/LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Diego José Nogueira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Estefan Monteiro Fonseca
- Laboratory of Marine Geology, Institute of Geosciences, Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR, Fluminense Federal University, Avenida Litorânea s/n, 24210-340 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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36
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Ho WK, Law JCF, Zhang T, Leung KSY. Effects of Weathering on the Sorption Behavior and Toxicity of Polystyrene Microplastics in Multi-solute Systems. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 187:116419. [PMID: 32980607 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that weathering modifies the physicochemical properties and sorption behavior of microplastics (MPs). However, little is known about the effects of such weathering on the simultaneous sorption by MPs of different organic pollutants in multi-solute systems. In this study, the role of cosolute properties in the formation of solute multilayers with a hydrophobic primary solute (4-MBC) on pristine and various weathered polystyrene MPs (PSMPs) was examined. Three weathered PSMPs were studied namely, UV-irradiated PS (UV-PS), microbially degraded PS (MD-NPS), and UV-irradiated PS with subsequent microbial degradation (MD-UV-PS). The weathered PSMPs generally exhibited higher degree of oxygenated functionalities with less surface hydrophobicity than pristine particles. Our findings showed that the formation of solute multilayers with hydrophobic cosolutes was drastically suppressed in UV-PS due to more severe competition at hydrophobic sorption sites. Nevertheless, hydrophilic cosolutes contributed to solute multilayer formation with 4-MBC on PSMPs after UV irradiation, probably due to the stronger sorption of hydrophilic compounds to the oxidized surfaces of these particles via enhanced H-bonding. Strikingly, the sorption of 4-MBC by MD-UV-PS was notably enhanced when hydrophobic cosolutes were present. The observed synergistic sorption indicates that adhered biofilms and/or organic matter on MD-UV-PS could sorb the hydrophobic cosolute molecules, and eventually promote sorption of 4-MBC. Our further toxicity tests revealed that such solute multilayers formed on PSMPs inhibited microalgal growth. These results suggest that the fate and biological effects of MP-mediated chemical exposure could be strongly affected by weathering processes and coexistence of multiple organic contaminants in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Kit Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, HKSAR, P.R.China
| | - Japhet Cheuk-Fung Law
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, HKSAR, P.R.China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, P.R.China
| | - Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, HKSAR, P.R.China; HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen, P.R.China.
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37
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Kutralam-Muniasamy G, Pérez-Guevara F, Elizalde-Martínez I, Shruti VC. An overview of recent advances in micro/nano beads and microfibers research: Critical assessment and promoting the less known. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:139991. [PMID: 32559531 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Uptake and toxicity of microplastics (<5 mm) on organisms has merited substantial attention from scientific and research communities. Micro- (1-5000 μm) and nano- (<1 μm) beads have been recognized as promising polymeric particles globally to assess risks for organisms after ingestion. Microfibers (<5 mm) are abundant worldwide, but studies demonstrating their impacts on organisms are only emerging and remain poorly understood. The goal of this review is to facilitate the research of microfibers towards risk assessments and understanding of their health effects on organisms. This paper examines the abundance, size, shapes, colors, and polymer types of micro/nano beads and microfibers in different environments as well as summarizes the existing knowledge related to the potential effects on organisms demonstrated from laboratory-based studies. It therefore also reviews and compares current methodologies used to synthesize microfibers for ingestion studies and further, documents their effects on organisms, critically assessing the knowledge gaps that need urgent attention in this rapidly developing research field. Taking together, this article will be useful to the microplastic scientific community and provide helpful referential information to those currently engaged in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurusamy Kutralam-Muniasamy
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Fermín Pérez-Guevara
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Program, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - I Elizalde-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMP+L), Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - V C Shruti
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMP+L), Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340 México, D.F., Mexico.
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38
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Salaberria I, Nadvornik-Vincent C, Monticelli G, Altin D, Booth AM. Microplastic dispersal behavior in a novel overhead stirring aqueous exposure system. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111328. [PMID: 32658693 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using nominal dose metrics to describe exposure conditions in laboratory-based microplastic uptake and effects studies may not adequately represent the true exposure to the organisms in the test system, making data interpretation challenging. In the current study, a novel overhead stirring method using flocculators was assessed for maintaining polystyrene (PS) microbeads (Ø10.4 μm; 1.05 g cm-3) in suspension in seawater during 24 h and then compared with static and rotational exposure setups. Under optimized conditions, the system was able to maintain 59% of the initial PS microbeads in suspension after 24 h, compared to 6% using a static system and 100% using a rotating plankton wheel. Our findings document for the first time that overhead stirring as well as other, commonly used exposure systems (static) are unable to maintain constant microplastic exposure conditions in laboratory setups whereas rotation is very effective. This suggests toxicological studies employing either static or overhead stirring systems may be greatly overestimating the true microplastic exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iurgi Salaberria
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Colette Nadvornik-Vincent
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Trondheim, Norway; Université Grenoble Alpes, Faculty of Pharmacy, La Tronche, France.
| | - Giovanna Monticelli
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Trondheim, Norway; Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Ancona, Italy.
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39
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Lanctôt CM, Bednarz VN, Melvin S, Jacob H, Oberhaensli F, Swarzenski PW, Ferrier-Pagès C, Carroll AR, Metian M. Physiological stress response of the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata exposed to polyethylene microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114559. [PMID: 32325355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated physiological responses including calcification, photosynthesis and alterations to polar metabolites, in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata exposed to different concentrations of polyethylene microplastics. Results showed that at high plastic concentrations (50 particles/mL nominal concentration) the photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II in the coral symbiont was affected after 4 weeks of exposure. Both moderate and high (5 and 50 particles/mL nominal) concentrations of microplastics caused subtle but significant alterations to metabolite profiles of coral, as determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Specifically, exposed corals were found to have increased levels of phosphorylated sugars and pyrimidine nucleobases that make up nucleotides, scyllo-inositol and a region containing overlapping proline and glutamate signals, compared to control animals. Together with the photo-physiological stress response observed and previously published literature, these findings support the hypothesis that microplastics disrupt host-symbiont signaling and that corals respond to this interference by increasing signaling and chemical support to the symbiotic zooxanthellae algae. These findings are also consistent with increased mucus production in corals exposed to microplastics described in previous studies. Considering the importance of coral reefs to marine ecosystems and their sensitivity to anthropogenic stressors, more research is needed to elucidate coral response mechanisms to microplastics under realistic exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal M Lanctôt
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a, Quai Antoine Ier, 98000, Monaco; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4215, Australia.
| | - Vanessa N Bednarz
- CSM - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Equipe Ecophysiologie corallienne, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, 98000, Monaco.
| | - Steven Melvin
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4215, Australia.
| | - Hugo Jacob
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a, Quai Antoine Ier, 98000, Monaco.
| | - François Oberhaensli
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a, Quai Antoine Ier, 98000, Monaco.
| | - Peter W Swarzenski
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a, Quai Antoine Ier, 98000, Monaco.
| | - Christine Ferrier-Pagès
- CSM - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Equipe Ecophysiologie corallienne, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, 98000, Monaco.
| | - Anthony R Carroll
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia; Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Marc Metian
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a, Quai Antoine Ier, 98000, Monaco.
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40
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Van Melkebeke M, Janssen C, De Meester S. Characteristics and Sinking Behavior of Typical Microplastics Including the Potential Effect of Biofouling: Implications for Remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:8668-8680. [PMID: 32551546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are ubiquitous pollutants within the marine environment, predominantly (>90%) accumulating in sediments worldwide. Despite the increasing global concern regarding these anthropogenic pollutants, research into the remediation of microplastics is lacking. Here, we examine those characteristics of microplastics that are essential to adequately evaluate potential remediation techniques such as sedimentation and (air) flotation techniques. We analyzed the sinking behavior of typical microplastics originating from real plastic waste samples and identified the best-available drag model to quantitatively describe their sinking behavior. Particle shape is confirmed to be an important parameter strongly affecting the sinking behavior of microplastics. Various common shape descriptors were experimentally evaluated on their ability to appropriately characterize frequently occurring particle shapes of typical microplastics such as spheres, films, and fibers. This study is the first in this field to include film particles in its experimental design, which were found to make up a considerable fraction of marine pollution and are shown to significantly affect the evaluation of shape-dependent drag models. Circularity χ and sphericity Φ are found to be appropriate shape descriptors in this context. We also investigated the effect of biofouling on the polarity of marine plastics and estimated its potential contribution to the settling motion of initially floating microplastics based on density-modification. It is found that biofouling alters the polarity of plastics significantly; this is from (near) hydrophobic (i.e., water contact angles from 70 to 100°) to strong hydrophilic (i.e., water contact angles from 30 to 40°) surfaces, rendering them more difficult to separate from sediment based on polarity as a primary separation factor. Thus, besides providing a better understanding of the fate and behavior of typical marine microplastics, these findings serve as a fundamental stepping-stone to the development of the first large-scale sediment remediation technique for microplastics to address the global microplastic accumulation issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Van Melkebeke
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Colin Janssen
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven De Meester
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
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41
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Gardon T, Huvet A, Paul-Pont I, Cassone AL, Sham Koua M, Soyez C, Jezequel R, Receveur J, Le Moullac G. Toxic effects of leachates from plastic pearl-farming gear on embryo-larval development in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 179:115890. [PMID: 32402865 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Pearl-farming leads to significant plastic pollution in French Polynesia (FP) as the end of life of most farming gear is currently poorly managed. Plastic debris released into the aquatic environment accumulates, with potentially detrimental effects on the lagoon ecosystem and pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera, a species of ecological, commercial and social value. Here, we tested the effects of leachates from new (N) and aged (A) plastic pearl-farming gear (spat collector and synthetic rope) obtained after 24 h and 120 h incubation, on the embryo-larval development of the pearl oyster using an in-vitro assay. Embryos were exposed for 24 h and 48 h to a negative control (0) and the leachate from 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 g of plastic. L-1. After 24 h exposure to leachate at 100 g.L-1, effects were observed on embryo development (-38% to -60% of formed larvae) and mortality (+72% to +82%). Chemical analyses of plastic gear indicated the presence of 26 compounds, consisting of organic contaminants (PAHs) and additives (mainly phthalates). Screening of leachates demonstrated that these compounds leach into the surrounding seawater with an additional detection of pesticides. Higher levels of phthalates were measured in leachates obtained from new (6.7-9.1 μg.L-1) than from aged (0.4-0.5 μg.L-1) plastics, which could be part of the explanation of the clear difference in toxicity observed after 48 h exposure at lower concentrations (0.1-10 g.L-1), associated with mortality ranging from 26 to 86% and 17-28%, respectively. Overall, this study suggests that plastic gear used in the pearl-farming industry releases significant amounts of hazardous chemicals over their lifetime, which may affect pearl oyster development that call for in-situ exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Gardon
- Ifremer, Institut Louis-Malardé, IRD, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française, France.
| | - Arnaud Huvet
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France.
| | - Ika Paul-Pont
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | | | - Manaarii Sham Koua
- Ifremer, Institut Louis-Malardé, IRD, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française, France
| | - Claude Soyez
- Ifremer, Institut Louis-Malardé, IRD, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française, France
| | - Ronan Jezequel
- CEDRE - 715 Rue Alain Colas, 29218, BREST Cedex 2, France
| | | | - Gilles Le Moullac
- Ifremer, Institut Louis-Malardé, IRD, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie française, France
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42
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Sıkdokur E, Belivermiş M, Sezer N, Pekmez M, Bulan ÖK, Kılıç Ö. Effects of microplastics and mercury on manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum: Feeding rate, immunomodulation, histopathology and oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114247. [PMID: 32120258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution, which is one of the most important environmental problems at the present time, has been understood recently, and the effects of this pollution on ecosystem and biota are becoming a growing problem, especially in the aquatic ecosystems. Direct or indirect exposure to those particles leads to adverse effects on marine organisms. In the marine environment, plastic materials interact with other pollutants such as metals, thereby affecting the uptake levels of those pollutants in marine organisms. In the present study, the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum was exposed to polyethylene microbeads and mercury chloride in single, combined and incubated form at environmentally relative concentrations for one week in controlled laboratory conditions. The uptake and tissue distribution of both stressors as well as the vector role of microplastics on mercury uptake in the organisms were investigated. Filtration rates, biomarkers for immunomodulation and oxidative stress, and histological alterations were also evaluated. Microplastics were ingested by the clams, and translocated to the various tissues. However, contaminated microplastics displayed a negligible vector role in terms of mercury bioaccumulation in the clams. The single and interactive exposure of the stressors reduced the filtration rate in the clams. Both pollutants affected the immune system of the organisms. Histological alterations were determined in the gill and digestive gland tissues of the clams among the treatment groups, although oxidative stress biomarkers remained unchanged. This study suggests that the vector role of polyethylene microplastics in mercury uptake is negligible and reveals that the single and interactive one-week exposure of two pollutants induce toxicity in the manila clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Sıkdokur
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Suleymaniye, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Belivermiş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narin Sezer
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Pekmez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömür Karabulut Bulan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Önder Kılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
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43
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Heinrich P, Hanslik L, Kämmer N, Braunbeck T. The tox is in the detail: technical fundamentals for designing, performing, and interpreting experiments on toxicity of microplastics and associated substances. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22292-22318. [PMID: 32335837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 10 years, there has been a plethora of experimental studies estimating the potential of microplastic particles (MPs) to exert toxic effects in the environment, many specifically focusing on their postulated capacity to enhance the transfer of environmental pollutants into organisms after ingestion. Obviously, there is little to no consensus on appropriate experimental design, which is mainly owing to the novelty, the interdisciplinarity of the subject, and the complexity of parameters involved. This results in fundamental discrepancies regarding the materials applied, the approach for spiking MPs with pollutants, and the exact exposure scenario. Aiming for a non-chemist audience and providing illustrative, representative, and comparative examples, this review first outlines the theoretical essentials of processes involved in sorption. Also, it discusses the implications for designing experimental approaches using MPs and interpreting the results obtained under consideration of their relevance for environmental conditions. It may help to improve the interpretation of studies on MP toxicity already published, while also calling experimenters' attention to various aspects important to consider when designing and performing environmentally relevant experiments with MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Heinrich
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lisa Hanslik
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Kämmer
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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44
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O'Connor JD, Mahon AM, Ramsperger AFRM, Trotter B, Redondo‐Hasselerharm PE, Koelmans AA, Lally HT, Murphy S. Microplastics in Freshwater Biota: A Critical Review of Isolation, Characterization, and Assessment Methods. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2020; 4:1800118. [PMID: 35910491 PMCID: PMC9332120 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201800118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater systems provide key pathways for microplastic (MP) pollution, and although existing studies have demonstrated the susceptibility of freshwater biota to ingestion, translocation, and trophic transfer, specific challenges pertaining to methodological standardization remain largely unresolved, particularly with respect to isolating, characterizing, and assessing MPs. Here, a critical review is performed outlining the challenges and limitations currently faced by freshwater MP researchers, which may well apply across the MP research spectrum. Recommendations are provided for methodological standardization, particularly in MP characterization, quality assurance, and quality control (QA/QC) procedures as well as reporting. Considerations for the assessment of MPs in freshwater biota as a means of improving comparisons between studies are discussed. Technological advancements, including the improvement of laboratory infrastructure for identifying MPs within the smaller size range as well as methodological standardization are essential in providing policy makers with tools and measures necessary to determine the distribution of MPs within freshwater ecosystems, while also allowing for comparability and providing compliance for future monitoring requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. O'Connor
- Marine and Freshwater Research CentreDepartment of Natural ScienceSchool of Science & ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyDublin RoadGalwayH91 T8NWIreland
| | - Anne Marie Mahon
- Marine and Freshwater Research CentreDepartment of Natural ScienceSchool of Science & ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyDublin RoadGalwayH91 T8NWIreland
| | - Anja F. R. M. Ramsperger
- Biological Physics GroupUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
- Department of Animal Ecology and BayCEERUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Benjamin Trotter
- Department of Animal Ecology and BayCEERUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Paula E. Redondo‐Hasselerharm
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupDepartment of Environmental ScienceWageningen University & Research CentreP.O. Box 476700AAWageningenNetherlands
| | - Albert A. Koelmans
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupDepartment of Environmental ScienceWageningen University & Research CentreP.O. Box 476700AAWageningenNetherlands
| | - Heather T. Lally
- Marine and Freshwater Research CentreDepartment of Natural ScienceSchool of Science & ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyDublin RoadGalwayH91 T8NWIreland
| | - Sinéad Murphy
- Marine and Freshwater Research CentreDepartment of Natural ScienceSchool of Science & ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyDublin RoadGalwayH91 T8NWIreland
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45
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Zhao T, Tan L, Zhu X, Huang W, Wang J. Size-dependent oxidative stress effect of nano/micro-scaled polystyrene on Karenia mikimotoi. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 154:111074. [PMID: 32319905 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of polystyrene (PS) of different sizes of diameter (65 nm, 100 nm and 1 μm) with different treat concentrations (control, 1 mg L-1 and 10 mg L-1) on growth and oxidative stress for K. mikimotoi were assessed across PS short-term exposures (3 d) and long-term exposures (13 d). The endpoints of physiological parameters such as cell density, antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD and CAT, the content of MDA and ROS level were monitored. The results showed that the CAT activity, SOD activity, MDA content and the relative ROS level reached to 377 U mgprot-1, 164 U mgprot-1, 157 nmol mgprot-1 and 10.8% when treated with 10 mg L-1 PS of 65 nm diameter; the CAT activity, SOD activity and MDA content in single K. mikimotoi reached to 0.46 U mgprot-1, 0.36 U mgprot-1 and 0.16 nmol mgprot-1 under 10 mg L-1 PS of 65 nm diameter on the third day. The relative ROS level in single K. mikimotoi was 71% under 10 mg L-1 PS of 100 nm diameter on the 13th day. The works found that the size of nano/micro-PS was a key factor that cannot be ignored. Smaller size had more serious negative effects on the growth, oxidative stress and cell microstructure. The potential cytotoxicity mechanisms were that monodisperse nanoscaled PS crossed the biological barriers and the agglomerate nanoparticles caused physical blockage, while microscaled PS may not have such an equally strong negative effects. Visualized SEM images also proved that exposing to nano/micro-PS of varies diameters led to apparent size-dependent effects. The arms race of systematic oxidative defensive and offensive between K. mikimotoi and nano/micro-PS would have considerable value in deliberating the relationship between nano/microplastics and marine phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liju Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Wenqiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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46
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Jacob H, Besson M, Swarzenski PW, Lecchini D, Metian M. Effects of Virgin Micro- and Nanoplastics on Fish: Trends, Meta-Analysis, and Perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4733-4745. [PMID: 32202766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental plastic pollution is a major ecological and societal concern today. Over the past decade, a broad range of laboratory and experimental studies have complemented field observations in the hope of achieving a better understanding of the fate and impact of micro- and/or nanoplastics (MP/NP) on diverse organisms (e.g., birds, fish, and mammals). However, plastic pollution remains challenging to monitor in the environment and to control under laboratory conditions, and plastic particles are often naturally or experimentally co-contaminated with diverse chemical pollutants. Therefore, our understanding of the effects of virgin MP/NP in freshwater and marine fish is still limited. Here, we performed a systematic review of the most up-to-date literature on the effects of virgin MP/NP on fish under laboratory conditions. A total of 782 biological endpoints investigated in 46 studies were extracted. Among these endpoints, 32% were significantly affected by exposure to virgin MP/NP. More effects were observed for smaller plastic particles (i.e., size ≤20 μm), affecting fish behavioral and neurological functions, intestinal permeability, metabolism, and intestinal microbiome diversity. In addition, we propose suggestions for new research directions to lead toward innovative, robust, and scientifically sound experiments in this field. This review of experimental studies reveals that the toxicity of virgin MP/NP on fish should be more systematically evaluated using rigorous laboratory-based methods and aims toward a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of this toxicity to fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Jacob
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco
- PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Marc Besson
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco
| | - Peter W Swarzenski
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco
| | - David Lecchini
- PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence, CORAIL, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Marc Metian
- Environment Laboratories, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Monaco
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47
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Elizalde-Velázquez A, Carcano AM, Crago J, Green MJ, Shah SA, Cañas-Carrell JE. Translocation, trophic transfer, accumulation and depuration of polystyrene microplastics in Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113937. [PMID: 31952101 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, reports of plastic debris in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of fish have been well documented in the scientific literature. This, in turn, increased concerns regarding human health exposure to microplastics through the consumption of contaminated fish. Most of the available research regarding microplastic toxicity has focused on marine organisms through direct feeding or waterborne exposures at the individual level. However, little is known about the trophic transfer of microplastics through the aquatic food chain. Freshwater zooplankton Daphnia magna (hereafter Daphnia), and the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas (FHM), are well-known model species used in standard toxicological studies and ecological risk assessments that provide a simple model for trophic transfer. The aim of this study was to assess the tissue translocation, trophic transfer, and depuration of two concentrations (20 and 2000-part ml-1) of 6 μm polystyrene (PS) microplastics particles between Daphnia and FHM. Bioconcentration factors (BCF) and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were determined. Fluorescent microscopy was used to determine the number of particles in the water media and within the organs of both species. Throughout the five days of exposure, PS particles were only found within the GI tract of both species. The BCF for Daphnia was 0.034 ± 0.005 for the low concentration and 0.026 ± 0.006 for the high concentration. The BAF for FHM was 0.094 ± 0.037 for the low concentration and 0.205 ± 0.051 for the high concentration. Between 72 and 96 h after exposure all microplastic particles were depurated from both species. The presence of food had a significant effect on the depuration of microplastic particles from Daphnia but not for FHM. Based on the low BCF and BAF values for both species, rapid depuration rates, and null translocation of microplastic particles to organs and tissues from the GI tract, there is a low probability that microplastics will bioconcentrate and bioaccumulate under environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Elizalde-Velázquez
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Analicia M Carcano
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Jordan Crago
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Micah J Green
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Smit A Shah
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jaclyn E Cañas-Carrell
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
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48
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Wang W, Ge J, Yu X. Bioavailability and toxicity of microplastics to fish species: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:109913. [PMID: 31735369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of microplastics in aquatic environments has raised concerns about their availability and risks to aquatic biota. Since fish is an important source of animal protein for human beings, the occurrence and potential impacts of microplastics in fishes deserve special attention. Although there have been an increasing number of studies concerning microplastics ingestion and effects in fish, review papers specifically focusing on this issue are few. This review summarized the current knowledge about the bioavailability and toxicity of microplastics to fish species. By collating literatures, it can be concluded that microplastics contamination could occur in almost all types of aquatic habitats around the globe. Both field and laboratory studies suggest that fishes are very susceptible to microplastics ingestion. Compared with marine species, freshwater fishes have been less studied. Microplastics alone or in combination with other contaminants could cause various health problems to fish after exposure. There still exist some debates over the environmental relevance of the laboratory-based effect studies and the relative contribution of microplastics in increasing the exposure of fish to hazardous chemicals. Hopefully, this review could extend the current knowledge on the ecotoxicological impacts of microplastics contamination to fish and provide guidance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xiangyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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49
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Meaza I, Toyoda JH, Wise JP. Microplastics in Sea Turtles, Marine Mammals and Humans: A One Environmental Health Perspective. FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2020; 8:575614. [PMID: 34765609 PMCID: PMC8579821 DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2020.575614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are ubiquitous pollutants in the marine environment and a health concern. They are generated directly for commercial purposes or indirectly from the breakdown of larger plastics. Examining a toxicological profile for microplastics is a challenge due to their large variety of physico-chemical properties and toxicological behavior. In addition to their concentration, other parameters such as polymer type, size, shape and color are important to consider in their potential toxicity. Microplastics can adsorb pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or metals on their surface and are likely to contain plastic additives that add to their toxicity. The observations of microplastics in seafood increased concern for potential human exposure. Since literature considering microplastics in humans is scarce, using a One Environmental Health approach can help better inform about potential human exposures. Marine mammals and sea turtles are long-lived sentinel species regularly used for biomonitoring the health status of the ocean and share trophic chain and habitat with humans. This review considers the available research regarding microplastic and plastic fiber exposures in humans, marine mammals and turtles. Overall, across the literature, the concentration of microplastics, size, color, shape and polymer types found in GI tract and feces from sea turtles, marine mammals and humans are similar, showing that they might be exposed to the same microplastics profile. Additionally, even if ingestion is a major route of exposure due to contaminated food and water, dermal and inhalation studies in humans have provided data showing that these exposures are also health concerns and more effort on these routes of exposures is needed. In vitro studies looked at a variety of endpoints showing that microplastics can induce immune response, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, alter membrane integrity and cause differential expression of genes. However, these studies only considered three polymer types and short-term exposures, whereas, due to physiological relevance, prolonged exposures might be more informative.
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50
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Porter A, Smith KE, Lewis C. The sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus as a bioeroder of plastic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133621. [PMID: 31634994 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is increasingly recognised that plastic pollution of the marine environment is highly dynamic in nature. Larger plastic items are fragmented or eroded into smaller and smaller pieces as its moves through marine ecosystems and small particles can be fouled or flocculate into larger aggregates. Whilst physical processes play a major part in photo- and oxidative degradation of plastic debris, biological process may also contribute to the breakdown of larger plastic items into smaller particulates, yet this has not been studied well to date. Here, we demonstrate the potential for the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus to act as bioeroders of macroplastics. We found that urchins readily graze on a plastic surface, with this grazing activity generating microplastics, when held in experimental systems together. On average each urchin produced 91.7 (±33.8 pieces) smaller plastic pieces (118-15,797 μm) from one macroplastic item over a ten day period. This plastic fragmentation by the urchins grazing activity was strongly influenced by the additional availability of natural food and by the presence of fouling of the macroplastic surface. Fragmentation of macroplastic by urchins dropped by 97% when urchins were exposed to virgin plastic in the presence of natural food (kelp). However, when macroplastic was biofouled urchins acted to fragment this plastic irrespective of the presence of additional food. The majority of fragments produced were negatively buoyant due to both the biofouling process and indeed the fouling by faecal matter, sinking to the bottom of the exposure systems. This smaller size range of plastic would then bioavailable to a much wider suite of species than the original macroplastic item; hence this bioerosion process has the potential to contribute to the transfer plastic fragments through benthic food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Porter
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
| | - Kathryn E Smith
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Ceri Lewis
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
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