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Ye J, Liu M, Chen L, Jing L, Qi H, Wu B, Wang W, Zheng H, Zhang ZF, Huang J, Shi J, Chen X, Xiao W, Wang S, Li YF, Cai M. Air-sea exchange of PAHs in the Taiwan Strait: Seasonal dynamics and regulation mechanisms revealed by machine learning approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134792. [PMID: 38838523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, to understand the seasonal dynamics of air-sea exchange and its regulation mechanisms, we investigated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at the air-sea interface in the western Taiwan Strait in combination with measurements and machine learning (ML) predictions. For 3-ring PAHs and most of 4- to 6-ring, volatilization and deposition fluxes were observed, respectively. Seasonal variations in air-sea exchange flux suggest the influence of monsoon transitions. Results of interpretable ML approach (XGBoost) indicated that volatilization of 3-ring PAHs was significantly controlled by dissolved PAH concentrations (contributed 24.0 %), and the gaseous deposition of 4- to 6-ring PAHs was related to more contaminated air masses originating from North China during the northeast monsoon. Henry's law constant emerged as a secondary factor, influencing the intensity of air-sea exchange, particularly for low molecular weight PAHs. Among environmental parameters, notably high wind speed emerges as the primary factor and biological pump's depletion of PAHs in surface seawater amplifies the gaseous deposition process. The distinct dynamics of exchanges at the air-water interface for PAHs in the western TWS can be attributed to variations in primary emission intensities, biological activity, and the inconsistent pathways of long-range atmospheric transport, particularly within the context of the monsoon transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lingkun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huaiyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Bizhi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Haowen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jiajin Huang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingwen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xuke Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wupeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shanlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Minggang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Li C, Liu C, Xu W, Han Y, Gao Z, Bing Y, Li Q, Yu J. Control approach and evaluation framework of scaling in drinking water distribution systems: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174836. [PMID: 39029761 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals call for innovative proposals to ensure access to clean water and sanitation. While significant strides have been made in enhancing drinking water purification technologies, the role of drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) in maintaining water quality safety has increasingly become a focal point of concern. The presence of scale within DWDS can impede the secure and efficient functioning of the drinking water supply system, posing risks to the safety of drinking water quality. Previous research has identified that the primary constituents of scale in DWDS are insoluble minerals, such as calcium and magnesium carbonate. Elevated levels of hardness and alkalinity in the water can exacerbate scale formation. To address the scaling issue, softening technologies like induced crystallization, nanofiltration/reverse osmosis, and ion exchange are currently in widespread use. These methods effectively mitigate the scaling in DWDS by reducing the water's hardness and alkalinity. However, the application of softening technologies not only alters the hardness and alkalinity but also induces changes in the fundamental characteristics of water quality, leading to transition effects within the DWDS. This article reviews the impact of various softening technologies on the intrinsic properties of water quality and highlights the merits of electrochemical characteristic indicators in the assessment of water quality stability. Additionally, the paper delves into the factors that influence the transition effects in DWDS. It concludes with a forward-looking proposal to leverage artificial intelligence, specifically machine learning and neural networks, to develop an evaluation and predictive framework for the stability of drinking water quality and the transition effects observed in DWDS. This approach aims to provide a more accurate and proactive method for managing and predicting the impacts of water treatment processes on distribution system integrity and water quality over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China.
| | - Weibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Yun Han
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Zhipeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Yan Bing
- Jiangsu Heqinghaiyan Environment Co., LTD., Suqian 223815, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jimmy Yu
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
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Zhou X, Luo X, Liu K, Zheng T, Ling P, Huang J, Chen W, Huang Q. Importance of soil ecoenzyme stoichiometry for efficient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142348. [PMID: 38759803 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Efficient remediation of soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is challenging. To determine whether soil ecoenzyme stoichiometry influences PAH degradation under biostimulation and bioaugmentation, this study initially characterized soil ecoenzyme stoichiometry via a PAH degradation experiment and subsequently designed a validation experiment to answer this question. The results showed that inoculation of PAH degradation consortia ZY-PHE plus vanillate efficiently degraded phenanthrene with a K value of 0.471 (depending on first-order kinetics), followed by treatment with ZY-PHE and control. Ecoenzyme stoichiometry data revealed that the EEAC:N, vector length and angle increased before day five and decreased during the degradation process. In contrast, EEAN:P decreased and then increased. These results indicated that the rapid PAH degradation period induced more C limitation and organic P mineralization. Correlation analysis indicated that the degradation rate K was negatively correlated with vector length, EEAC:P, and EEAN:P, suggesting that C limitation and relatively less efficient P mineralization could inhibit biodegradation. Therefore, incorporating liable carbon and acid phosphatase or soluble P promoted PAH degradation in soils with ZY-PHE. This study provides novel insights into the relationship between soil ecoenzyme stoichiometry and PAH degradation. It is suggested that soil ecoenzyme stoichiometry be evaluated before designing bioremeiation stragtegies for PAH contanminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xuesong Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kangzhi Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tianao Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ping Ling
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Deng X, Mao L, Peng M, Cai Y, Wang T, Luo Z, Kumar A. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal rivers in Jiangsu Province, China: Spatial distribution, source apportionment and human impacts. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133576. [PMID: 38278070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The ocean is the ultimate sink for all pollutants, rivers are important channels for land-based pollutants to enter the oceans. Riverine transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to coastal seas in China poses environmental threats. This study examined the spatial and temporal distribution of PAHs in coastal rivers in Yancheng City in Jiangsu Province of China, with the aim of identifying their likely sources, concentrations, and influencing factors. Surface sediments were taken from the Xinyanggang River (XYR) and the Sheyang River (SYR). The concentrations of Ʃ16PAHs in river sediments were measured on average 477.05 ng/g dry weight (dw), with values varying from 2.18 to 6351.42 ng/g, indicating a moderate pollution level, with a dominance of high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs. The XYR exhibited significantly higher PAHs concentrations compared to the SYR. The key sources of PAHs were vehicle emissions (47.87%), coal and natural gas combustion (35.07%). Geographically weighted regression and redundancy analysis linked PAHs pollution to distinct land use patterns and socioeconomic indicators, highlighting urban land as the major contributor, driven by high urbanization and industrialization (70.91%). In XYR, industrial activities and transport emissions were major contributors, while in SYR, agricultural activities predominantly influenced PAHs pollution. Urgent mitigation strategies are needed to reduce PAHs pollution in river sediments, mitigating ecological and human risks associated with these contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Deng
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Longjiang Mao
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Mo Peng
- Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Yuqi Cai
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhuhua Luo
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Hydrology and Water resources, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhang A, Yang L, Wei C, Chen Y, Liu Z, Li Z. Occurrence characteristics, environmental trend, and source analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the water environment of industrial zones. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118053. [PMID: 38160976 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The middle reaches of the Yellow River are rich in energy resources, with the Kuye River, a first-class river in this region, serving as a vital hub for the coal chemical industry within China. This study investigated the occurrence patterns, environmental trends, and ecological risks associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Kuye River Basin, offering insights into the environmental dynamics of regions. The findings indicated that the river sediments primarily contained PAHs with medium to high-molecular weights, exhibiting levels ranging from 402.92 ng/g dw to 16,783.72 ng/g dw, while water bodies predominantly featured PAHs with low to medium molecular weights, ranging from 299.34 ng/L to 10,930.9 ng/L. The source analysis of PAHs indicated that industrial and traffic exhaust emissions were the primary contributors to PAHs in the Kuye basin, with sediments serving as a secondary release source based on fugacity fraction. The content of PAHs in sediment correlated closely with the environmental factors, and the PAHs inventory of the basin was 19.97 tons. The increased overall PAH concentration in the basin posed significant ecological and public health concerns, necessitating urgent attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Aining Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Chunxiao Wei
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yan Xiang Road. No.97, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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Chen R, Tabeta S. Dynamic multimedia approach for source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141036. [PMID: 38151061 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the variable indicators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) source apportionment by using an unsteady-state multimedia model. The identical indicators have been used in different environmental bulks for more than 20 years, which resulted in huge errors in source apportionment. Generated through four emission arrays, the diagnostic ratios for indicators revealed dimensionless OR, in air/soil and seawater/sediment reached ∼3.63 and ∼0.24 for Fla/Pyr, and for Ant/Phe the ratio was ∼0.31 and ∼0.18, and coastal OR for air/seawater was higher than the offshore, suggesting both compartmental and spatial divergences. The PCA indicated similar loading distribution and primary factors, shared by emission, atmosphere, and seawater arrays, whereas the slow transport between air/water and soil/sediment, weak degradation, and original concentration level might result in factors in soil and sediment separated or merged in dynamic conditions. The physicochemical divergence of indicators could be intensified after long-term environmental transport, misleading the source apportionment. Therefore, the result elucidated the essential evaluation of additional inorganic indicators and necessary verification by simultaneous sampling measurement on vertical compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruize Chen
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8563 Japan.
| | - Shigeru Tabeta
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8563 Japan
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Mei K, Shi M, Chen N, Wang D. Dynamics and geochemical responses of dissolved metals (Mn and Cu) in a subtropical estuary, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:6082-6093. [PMID: 38147242 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The research delved into the occurrence and dynamics of dissolved metals, specifically manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu), within the Jiulong River Estuary, South China, a medium-sized subtropical estuary. Our findings unveiled a nuanced seasonal and spatial variability of dissolved metals throughout the entire estuarine system. Notably, dissolved Mn concentrations peaked (~ 3.5 μM) in the upper estuary, diminishing sharply along the salinity gradient, with a modest rise in the middle estuary and outer Xiamen Bay. In the upper estuary, heightened concentrations of dissolved Mn occurred in spring due to augmented terrestrial particle inputs, followed by suboxically reductive releases; conversely, concentrations were low in summer, attributed to dilution from increased freshwater discharges and particle scavenging. In contrast, dissolved Cu exhibited differently, with elevated concentrations (29.2-37.5 nM) in the upper and middle estuaries, driven by reductive dissolution of Mn particles and chloride-induced ion exchanges, respectively. Concurrently, heightened inputs of nutrients and metals correlated with elevated phytoplankton productivity (indicated by chlorophyll a) in the upper and outer estuary regions. Our analysis underscored the sensitivity of dissolved metals to environmental parameters, including temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. The integration of compiled historical data underscored the dynamic nature of dissolved metals, particularly Cu, in response to geochemical processes.The elevated ion levels indicated intensified ion releases from particles and sediments, attributable to increased anthropogenic perturbation and climatic changes (e. g. ocean warming).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Mengqiu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Nengwang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Deli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Singh V, Negi R, Jacob M, Gayathri A, Rokade A, Sarma H, Kalita J, Tasfia ST, Bharti R, Wakid A, Suthar S, Kolipakam V, Qureshi Q. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aquatic ecosystem exposed to the 2020 Baghjan oil spill in upper Assam, India: Short-term toxicity and ecological risk assessment. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293601. [PMID: 38019821 PMCID: PMC10686499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the short-term contamination and associated risks arising from the release of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to the 2020 Baghjan oil blowout in upper Assam, India. Shortly after the Baghjan oil blowout, samples were collected from water, sediment, and fish species and examined for PAHs contents. The results of the analysis revealed ΣPAHs concentrations ranged between 0.21-691.31 μg L-1 (water); 37.6-395.8 μg Kg-1 (sediment); 104.3-7829.6 μg Kg-1 (fish). The prevalence of 3-4 ring low molecular weight PAHs compounds in water (87.17%), sediment (100%), and fish samples (93.17%) validate the petrogenic source of origin (oil spill). The geographic vicinity of the oil blowout is rich in wildlife; thus, leading to a significant mass mortality of several eco-sensitive species like fish, plants, microbes, reptiles, amphibians, birds and mammals including the Gangetic River dolphin. The initial ecological risk assessment suggested moderate to high-risk values (RQ >1) of majority PAHs concerning fish, daphnia, and algae species. This study highlights the need for recognizing the potential for short-term exposure to local species. To safeguard local ecosystems from potential future environmental disasters, it is imperative for the government to adopt a precautionary strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Singh
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ranjana Negi
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Merin Jacob
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Aaranya Gayathri
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Rokade
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hiyashri Sarma
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jitul Kalita
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | | | - Abdul Wakid
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Aaranyak, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Surindra Suthar
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Qamar Qureshi
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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9
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Ye J, Zheng H, Liu M, Tanli Y, Qi H, Jing L, Huang J, Hossain KB, Ke H, Wang C, Wang S, Cai M. Upwelling impact and lateral transport of dissolved PAHs in the Taiwan Strait and adjacent South China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165159. [PMID: 37385490 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution and depth profile of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the western Taiwan Strait (TWS) and northeastern South China Sea (SCS) during the southwest monsoon for a comprehensive study of spatial distribution, potential sources, upwelling, and lateral PAHs transport flux to assess the impacts of oceanic processes. The concentrations of ∑14PAHs were 33 ± 14 ng L-1 and 23 ± 11 ng L-1 in western TWS and northeastern SCS, respectively. A minor difference in potential sources in different areas was shown in principle component analysis results, which illustrated mixed sources (petrogenic and pyrogenic) in western TWS and petrogenic sources in northeastern SCS. An "enrichment in surface or deep but depletion in medium water" distribution pattern of PAHs depth profile during summertime was observed in Taiwan Bank, which was potentially influenced by the upwelling. The greatest lateral ∑14PAHs transport flux was found along the Taiwan Strait Current area (43.51 g s-1), followed by those along South China Sea Warm Current and Guangdong Coastal Current areas. Though the oceanic response to PAHs varied relatively slowly, the ocean current was a less-dominant pathway for PAHs exchange between the SCS and the East China Sea (ECS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haowen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yina Tanli
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huaiyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lingkun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiajin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kazi Belayet Hossain
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hongwei Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shanlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Minggang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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10
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Chen Y, Song R, Li P, Wang Y, Tan Y, Ma Y, Yang L, Wu L, Du Z, Qi X, Zhang Z. Spatiotemporal distribution, sources apportionment and ecological risks of PAHs: a study in the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7405-7424. [PMID: 36788152 PMCID: PMC9928594 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the sources, contamination and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on their spatiotemporal distribution in aquatic environment in the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River (WYR). The fugacity ratio evaluation indicated that sediment was secondary release sources of two- and three-ring PAHs and sinks of four- and five-ring PAHs. The total concentrations of PAHs (Σ16PAHs) ranged from 2.51 to 102.5 ng/L in water with the dominant contribution of 47.8% by two-ring PAHs. Σ16PAHs in sediments varied from 5.90 to 2926 ng/g with the contribution of 35.4% by four-ring PAHs. The higher levels of PAHs occurred around developed industrial areas during the wet season, which was related to local industrial emissions and influenced by rainfall/runoff. Annual flux of Σ16PAHs was estimated of 28.77 t. The PMF model analysis revealed that petroleum and industrial emissions were the dominant sources in water accounting for 58.5% of the total pollution, although traffic emission was the main source for sediment accounting for 44.6%. Risk assessments showed that PAHs in water were at low risks, whereas about 44% of the sediments were identified as medium risks. Therefore, energy structure adjustment and further implement of regulation and monitoring are necessary to reduce PAH emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ranran Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-UK Water and Soil Resources Sustainable Utilization Joint Research Centre, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Yile Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongfei Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lie Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhenjie Du
- China-UK Water and Soil Resources Sustainable Utilization Joint Research Centre, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Xuebin Qi
- China-UK Water and Soil Resources Sustainable Utilization Joint Research Centre, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Zulin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK.
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11
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Xu R, Liu S, Chen H, Hao QW, Hu YX, Li HX, Lin L, Hou R, Hong B, Yu S, Xu XR. An effective tool for tracking steroids and their metabolites at the watershed level: Combining fugacity modeling and a chemical indicator. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 326:121499. [PMID: 36972813 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Steroids have attracted concern worldwide because of their potential carcinogenicity and severe adverse effects on aquatic organisms. However, the contamination status of various steroids, particularly their metabolites, at the watershed level remains unknown. This was the first study to employ field investigations to elucidate the spatiotemporal patterns, riverine fluxes, and mass inventories, and conduct a risk assessment of 22 steroids and their metabolites. This study also developed an effective tool for predicting the target steroids and their metabolites in a typical watershed based on the fugacity model combined with a chemical indicator. Thirteen steroids in the river water and seven steroids in sediments were identified with total concentrations of 1.0-76 ng/L and <LOQ-121 ng/g, respectively. In water, the levels of steroids were higher in the dry season, but the opposite trend was observed in sediments. Approximately 89 kg/a flux of steroids were transported from the river to the estuary. Mass inventories indicated that sediments acted as crucial sinks for steroids. Steroids in rivers might pose low to medium risks to aquatic organisms. Importantly, the fugacity model combined with a chemical indicator effectively simulated the steroid monitoring results within an order of magnitude at the watershed level, and various key sensitivity parameter settings provided reliable steroid concentration predictions under different circumstances. Our results should benefit environmental management and pollution control of steroids and their metabolites at the watershed level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Qin-Wei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yong-Xia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Heng-Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Lang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Bing Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Shen Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
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12
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Zhao L, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Zhang P. Seasonal variation, spatial distribution, and sources of PAHs in surface seawater from Zhanjiang bay influenced by land-based inputs. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 188:106028. [PMID: 37267664 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out for a comprehensive understanding of the concentrations, seasonal variation, spatial distribution, sources, and land-based inputs of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface seawater from Zhanjiang Bay (ZJB). Although the PAHs were ubiquitous, their concentrations were relatively low, and significant seasonal trends and spatial distributions were observed. Based on the diagnostic ratios and composition profiles, the PAHs found in this study mainly originated from coal/biomass burning, and petroleum and its combustion played an important role in the wet seasons. Furthermore, the PAHs from land-based inputs had seasonal variations, spatial distributions, sources, and composition profiles similar to those in ZJB seawater. By combining the cases of energy structure, residential and industrial layouts, maritime traffic, and activities related to ports and mariculture, this study concluded that PAHs in ZJB seawater are greatly influenced by land-based inputs, atmospheric deposition and human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zike Zhao
- Analysis and Test Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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13
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Hu H, Li Y, Lu G, Wang WX, Li H, You J. Spatiotemporal trends of ultraviolet absorbents in oysters from the Pearl River Estuary, south China during 2015-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121298. [PMID: 36804145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet absorbents (UVAs) are widely used in various industrial materials, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products, resulting in their frequent occurrences in sediment, water, and biota. However, our understanding of the spatiotemporal characteristics and long-term contamination status of UVAs is still limited. Here, a 6-year biomonitoring study with oysters during wet and dry seasons was conducted to examine the annual, seasonal, and spatial characteristics of UVAs in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), China. The concentrations of Σ6UVA ranged from 9.1 to 119 (geometric mean ± standard deviation: 31 ± 22) ng/g dry wt. and peaked in 2018. Significant spatiotemporal variations in UVA contamination were observed. The concentrations of UVAs in oysters during the wet season were higher than the dry season, and concentrations in the more industrialized eastern coast were higher than the western coast (p < 0.05). Environmental factors, including precipitation, temperature, and salinity in water significantly impacted the UVA bioaccumulation in the oysters. The present study highlights that long-term biomonitoring with oysters provided valuable insight in the magnitude and seasonal variation of UVAs in this highly dynamic estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
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14
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Li F, Mai Z, Qiu C, Long L, Hu A, Huang S. Dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes from the Pearl River Estuary to adjacent coastal areas. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 188:105978. [PMID: 37087846 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is a growing concern over the world's various environments. Coastal environments may receive pollutants from land runoffs via estuaries. However, the impact of ARG contamination from estuarine regions to coastal areas is rarely reported. This study used high-throughput quantitative PCR to examine the diversity and abundance of ARGs in Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and adjacent coastal areas. We found that the distribution of ARGs in seawater exhibited the distance-decay phenomenon from the estuary to coastal areas, while the sediment samples did not exhibit an obvious distribution pattern. The estuarine water was found to be the hotspot of ARGs, with 74 ARG species detected and absolute abundance being 5.93 × 105 copies per mL, on average, while less species and lower abundance of ARGs were detected in coastal waters. Ordination analysis showed that estuarine ARG communities were significantly different from coastal ARG communities for water samples. SourceTracker analysis revealed that ARGs from the estuarine environment contributed only a minor fraction of ARG contamination to downstream coastal areas (1.5%-7.4% for water samples, and 0.7-1.8% for sediment samples), indicating the strong dilution effect of seawater. Mantel tests, redundancy analysis and random forest model analysis identified salinity, nutrients, microbial community structure and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) as important factors influencing ARG distribution. Partial least squares-path model revealed that, among all environmental factors, MGEs directly affected the distribution of ARGs, while other factors indirectly contributed by affecting the MGEs assemblage. Our study provides insight into the dissemination of ARGs from the PRE to adjacent coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Zhimao Mai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Lijuan Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Anyi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Sijun Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
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15
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Qin D, Li Y, Chen N, Hu A, Yu CP. Response and recovery mechanisms of river microorganisms to gradient concentrations of estrogen. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1109311. [PMID: 36846800 PMCID: PMC9944024 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1109311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important ecological system on the earth, rivers have been influenced by the rapid development of urbanization, industrialization, and anthropogenic activities. Increasingly more emerging contaminants, such as estrogens, are discharged into the river environment. In this study, we conducted river water microcosmic experiments using in situ water to investigate the response mechanisms of microbial community when exposed to different concentrations of target estrogen (estrone, E1). Results showed that both exposure time and concentrations shaped the diversity of microbial community when exposed to E1. Deterministic process played a vital role in influencing microbial community over the entire sampling period. The influence of E1 on microbial community could last for a longer time even after the E1 has been degraded. The microbial community structure could not be restored to the undisturbed state by E1, even if disturbed by low concentrations of E1(1 μg/L and 10 μg/L) for a short time. Our study suggests that estrogens could cause long-term disturbance to the microbial community of river water ecosystem and provides a theoretical basis for assessing the environmental risk of estrogens in rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China,*Correspondence: Dan Qin, ✉
| | - Yan Li
- School of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Nengwang Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Anyi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Chang-Ping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
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16
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Cai Y, Mao L, Deng X, Zhou C, Zhang Y. Trace elements in surface sediments from Xinyanggang River of Jiangsu Province, China: Spatial distribution, risk assessment and source appointment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114550. [PMID: 36608478 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Xinyanggang River in Yancheng City, one of the essential rivers entering the Yellow sea, has imported abundant pollutants to the coast of Jiangsu Province. Trace elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Pb, Th, U, Sc, Ga, Se, Zr, Nb, and Sn) in surface sediments in the Xinyanggang River were measured to analyze the spatial distribution, risk assessment, and source appointment. The results showed that the parts of 17 trace elements presented high average values in river sediments, such as Zr (309.19 mg/kg), Sr (182.72 mg/kg), Zn (77.67 mg/kg), and Cr (70.63 mg/kg). Compared with some coastal rivers, the Xinyanggang River was polluted by certain trace elements, such as Cr, Zn, and As. Based on the analysis of the enrichment factor (EF), the contamination factor (CF), the pollution load index (PLI), and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), trace elements in sediments showed unpolluted to moderate contamination and mild to moderate enrichment. Among them, Zn, Pb, and Sn were highly polluted. The multivariate analysis, the principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model, and the Unmix model identified four contributing trace element sources. Cr, Th, U, Se, Zr, and Nb originated from manufacturing industries and hydrodynamic transport erosion. Ni, Rb, Sc, and Ga were attributed to natural source. Cu, Zn, Mo, Pb, and Sn were contributed from mixed sources including industrial wastewater and transportation emissions. As and Sr were associated mainly with mixed sources of agriculture and combustion. These four sources of metals accounted for 22.5 %, 5.7 %, 15.3 %, and 11.1 % by using the APCS-MLR model, whereas 22.9 %, 39.7 %, 17.5 %, and 19.9 % by using the Unmix model, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Cai
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Longjiang Mao
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Deng
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Chaofan Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Yuanzhi Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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17
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Xiong S, Wang K, Yan H, Hou D, Wang Y, Li M, Zhang D. Geographic patterns and determinants of antibiotic resistomes in coastal sediments across complex ecological gradients. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:922580. [PMID: 36406438 PMCID: PMC9669582 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.922580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coastal areas are highly influenced by terrestrial runoffs and anthropogenic disturbances, commonly leading to ecological gradients from bay, nearshore, to offshore areas. Although the occurrence and distribution of sediment antibiotic resistome are explored in various coastal environments, little information is available regarding geographic patterns and determinants of coastal sediment antibiotic resistomes across ecological gradients at the regional scale. Here, using high-throughput quantitative PCR, we investigated the geographic patterns of 285 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in coastal sediments across a ~ 200 km scale in the East China Sea. Sediment bacterial communities and physicochemical properties were characterized to identify the determinants of sediments antibiotic resistome. Higher richness and abundance of ARGs were detected in the bay samples compared with those in nearshore and offshore samples, and significant negative correlations between the richness and/or abundance of ARGs and the distance to coastline (DTC) were identified, whereas different types of ARGs showed inconsistency in their relationships with DTC. The composition of antibiotic resistome showed significant correlations with nutrition-related variables (including NH4 +-N, NO3 --N, and total phosphorus) and metals/metalloid (including As, Cu, Ni, and Zn), suggesting that terrestrial disturbances largely shape the antibiotic resistome. The Bipartite network showed strong associations between ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and Partial Least Squares Path Modeling further revealed that terrestrial disturbance strength (as indicated by DTC) directly affected abiotic environmental conditions and bacterial community composition, and indirectly affected antibiotic resistome via MGEs. These findings provide insights into regional variability of sediment antibiotic resistome and its shaping path across complex ecological gradients, highlighting terrestrial disturbances as determinative forces in shaping coastal sediment antibiotic resistomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangling Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo, China
| | - Huizhen Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dandi Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Demin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo, China
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18
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Lyu L, He Y, Dong C, Li G, Wei G, Shao Z, Zhang S. Characterization of chlorinated paraffin-degrading bacteria from marine estuarine sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 440:129699. [PMID: 35963094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study explored chlorinated paraffin (CP)-degrading bacteria from the marine environment. Aequorivita, Denitromonas, Parvibaculum, Pseudomonas and Ignavibacterium were selected as the dominant genera after enrichment with chlorinated paraffin 52 (CP52) as the sole carbon source. Eight strains were identified as CP degraders, including Pseudomonas sp. NG6 and NF2, Erythrobacter sp. NG3, Castellaniella sp. NF6, Kordiimonas sp. NE3, Zunongwangia sp. NF12, Zunongwangia sp. NH1 and Chryseoglobus sp. NF13, and their degradation efficiencies ranged from 6.4% to 19.0%. In addition to Pseudomonas, the other six genera of bacteria were first reported to have the degradation ability of CPs. Bacterial categories, carbon-chain lengths and chlorination degrees were three crucial factors affecting the degradation efficiencies of CPs, with their influential ability of chlorinated degrees > bacterial categories > carbon-chain lengths. CP degradation can be performed by producing chlorinated alcohols, chlorinated olefins, dechlorinated alcohols and lower chlorinated CPs. This study will provide valuable information on CP biotransformation and targeted bacterial resources for studying the transformation processes of specific CPs in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yufei He
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chunming Dong
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guizhen Li
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guangshan Wei
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zongze Shao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China.
| | - Si Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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19
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Li CG, Liu C, Xu WH, Shan MG, Wu HX. Formation mechanisms and supervisory prediction of scaling in water supply pipelines: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118922. [PMID: 35932708 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The scaling problem in the water supply pipeline will increase the resistance coefficient of the pipeline and the pressure of the water supply pipeline, which will not only affect the operation safety of the water supply pipeline, but also cause energy waste. The scale in the pipeline will also enrich heavy metal ions and pathogenic microorganisms, affecting the safety of water supply water quality and causing secondary pollution of water quality. At present, a lot of research has been done on the composition structure and crystallization process of the scale. The study found that calcite is the main component of the scale; the scale process is a heterogeneous nucleation process induced by heavy metal particles and their corrosion products in the pipeline. The introduction of electrochemical detection technology, density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulation has greatly improved the accuracy and timeliness of water scaling conditions detection and realized the visualization of scaling mechanism. In this paper, the measurement methods of the scale in the water supply pipeline and the corresponding material composition and crystal structure characteristics are reviewed, and the mechanism of the scale and the water quality conditions are summarized. At the end of this paper, based on summarizing the existing water quality scaling tendency evaluation methods, it is proposed to establish a water quality potential scaling risk assessment framework based on Puckorius scaling index (PSI) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Geng Li
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Wen-Hui Xu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ming-Gang Shan
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Hai-Xia Wu
- Jiangsu Heqinghaiyan Environment Co., LTD., Suqian 223800, China
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20
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Dai Q, Wang Y, Chen L, Li P, Xia S, Huang Q. Contamination of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban source water at the tidal reach of the Yangtze River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61222-61235. [PMID: 35438400 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To explore the occurrence, source, and risk of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban source water at the tidal reach of the Yangtze River, eighty-nine surface water samples were collected in 8 field campaigns from July 2018 to November 2019. Fifteen of 16 PAHs except for dibenz(a,h)anthracene (DBA) were found in the water. Detection frequencies were observed between 53 and 72% for PAHs with 4 rings, while most of other PAHs were less detected, e.g., benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) in 31% of samples. The total concentrations of 16 priority PAHs reached up to 2.8 µg·L-1 and increased during the tidal transitions from flood to ebb. The average concentrations of PAHs in ebb tides were higher than those in flood tides. PAH concentrations and compositions showed great variation with different sampling campaigns, and higher levels and more components were observed in the rainy months and cold months. Those priority PAHs in the tidal water source are mainly from combustion activities (especially fossil fuel combustion), but the contribution from oil spills/leakage is also important in rainy months. High-molecular-weight PAHs in this tidal water source may pose risks to aquatic life, while they pose no carcinogenic risk to human health via ingestion of drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Pan Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shengji Xia
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qinghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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21
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Zhang X, Zhang ZF, Zhang X, Zhu FJ, Li YF, Cai M, Kallenborn R. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Marine Atmosphere from the Western Pacific to the Southern Ocean: Spatial Variability, Gas/Particle Partitioning, and Source Apportionment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6253-6261. [PMID: 35476391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The spatial variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the marine atmosphere contributes to the understanding of the global sources, fate, and impact of this contaminant. Few studies conducted to measure PAHs in the oceanic atmosphere have covered a large scale, especially in the Southern Ocean. In this study, high-volume air samples were taken along a cross-section from China to Antarctica and analyzed for gaseous and particulate PAHs. The data revealed the spatial distribution, gas-particle partitioning, and source contributions of PAHs in the Pacific, Indian, and Southern Oceans. The median concentration (gaseous + particulate) of ∑24PAHs was 3900 pg/m3 in the Pacific Ocean, 2000 pg/m3 in the Indian Ocean, and 1200 pg/m3 in the Southern Ocean. A clear latitudinal gradient was observed for airborne PAHs from the western Pacific to the Southern Ocean. Back trajectories (BTs) analysis showed that air masses predominantly originated from populated land had significantly higher concentrations of PAHs than those from the oceans or Antarctic continents/islands. The air mass origins and temperature have significant influences on the gas-particle partitioning of PAHs. Source analysis by positive matrix factorization (PMF) showed that the highest contribution to PAHs was from coal combustion emissions (52%), followed by engine combustion emissions (27%) and wood combustion emissions (21%). A higher contribution of PAHs from wood combustion was found in the eastern coastal region of Australia. In contrast, engine combustion emissions primarily influenced the sites in Southeast Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Fu-Jie Zhu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
- IJRC-PTS-NA, Toronto, Ontario M2N 6X9, Canada
| | - Minghong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Roland Kallenborn
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology & Food Sciences (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås NO-1432, Norway
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22
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Zhang Y, Cheng D, Lei Y, Song J, Xia J. Spatiotemporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments of a typical river located in the Loess Plateau, China: Influence of human activities and land-use changes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127744. [PMID: 34839980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Loess Plateau, as the key energy base of China, has sensitive responses to the global changes, and receives polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from anthropogenic activities. However, understanding how anthropogenic and climate factors affect synergistically the PAHs distribution in this vulnerable ecological environment is deficient. Here the spatiotemporal distribution of PAHs in sediments from a typical river of the Loess Plateau were investigated. The PAHs were mainly from coal combustion in the range of 194-514 ng g-1, and their concentrations were generally higher in normal season than wet season as the dilution effect of high river discharge and strong precipitation. The interactive effects of land-use and precipitation showed PAHs enriched in forest-grass land were transferred into rivers through surface and subsurface runoff during light rainfall, resulting in the increase of the PAHs concentrations in river sediments. In contrast, large precipitation in wet season would obscure any spatial variations. In addition, human activities, especially energy production, directly enhanced PAHs accumulation in river sediments due to the emission from the production processing of oil and coal, and indirectly influenced the PAHs by impacting the per capita GDP. These findings had important implications for the management and prediction of PAH accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Dandong Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Yali Lei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; SINOMA International Engineering CO., LTD., Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Jinxi Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Jun Xia
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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23
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Zeng X, Liu Y, Xu L, Hu Q, Hu J, Yu Z. Co-occurrence and potential ecological risk of parent and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal sediments of the Taiwan Strait. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:113093. [PMID: 34744012 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-two surface sediment samples, collected from the Taiwan Strait (TWS), were investigated for the occurrence, composition profile, and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs). PAHs were ubiquity in the TWS with a total concentration (∑PAHs, excluding naphthalene due to its high volatility) ranging from 17.8-213 ng g-1. Benzo[b] fluoranthene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, and pyrene were the predominant PAHs. Also, eight OPAHs were detected, having a cumulative concentration range (∑OPAHs) of 10.5-118 ng g-1, predominated by anthraquinone and 6H-Benzo[c,d]Pyren-6-one. Higher concentrations of ∑PAHs and ∑OPAHs were detected at sampling sites adjacent to the mainland and in the northwest part of the TWS. The results suggested important continental input, and particle sedimentation under the specific hydrodynamic conditions of the region. Based on the measured concentrations and sediment quality guidelines, PAHs had a limited ecological impact on the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Jiangxi Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences and Planning, Nanchang 330039, China
| | - Qiongpu Hu
- Hangzhou PuYu Technology Development Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 311305, China
| | - Jianfang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
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24
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Li Y, Lu G, Wang WX, Li H, You J. Temporal and spatial characteristics of PAHs in oysters from the Pearl River Estuary, China during 2015-2020. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148495. [PMID: 34166900 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Estuary connects the inland freshwater and open seawater, which may become a sink for pollutants from land-derived outflows, especially for persistent organic pollutants (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs). Due to complex fluctuation in estuary, it's difficult to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the pollution characteristics by grabbed environmental samples. Oysters serve as efficient biomonitors of pollution status in highly dynamic and anthropogenically impacted estuaries, like the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), South China. Here, we investigated the annual, seasonal, and spatial variations of PAHs in the soft tissues of oysters from the PRE over the last six years (2015-2020) and quantitatively analyzed the influence of environmental factors on PAH occurrence in the oysters. The concentrations of Σ15PAH in oysters ranged from 74 to 1164 (337 ± 218) ng/g dry wt., with a peak occurrence in 2017. Highly seasonal and geographical variations in PAH pollution were documented in the PRE, with higher concentrations in oysters during the wet season than dry season, and in the eastern coast than western coast. Furthermore, geographical variation in PAH levels in the oysters was enhanced during the wet season, indicating a possible contribution of heavy rainfall flushing from the Pearl River. In addition to precipitation, water temperature and salinity also significantly influenced PAH levels in the oysters from the PRE by changing the bioavailability and biokinetics. Long-term biomonitoring using oysters in the current study reflected the pollution status and variation trends of PAHs in the highly dynamic PRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
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25
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Sun Q, Lu FH, Ni HG. Microplastic-water partitioning of two states halogenated PAHs: Solute and sol. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111634. [PMID: 34242673 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The complex interactions of contaminants with microplastics significantly affect ecological risk assessments. Studies of the sorption behavior of freely dissolved hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) on microplastics are common. However, concentrations of HOCs in the actual aquatic environment sometimes exceed their water solubility. A possible explanation is that a microplastic-sol-water three-phase medium (TPM) is formed in the actual water environment. Both states HOCs (in solute and sol) have the potential to migrate to particles suspended in water. To confirm this view, four kinds of microplastics and eight halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HPAHs) were selected to examine the partitioning of HPAHs between microplastics and water (sol and solute). Both monolayer and multilayer coverage of HPAHs onto microplastics occurred, and chemical sorption dominated the pseudo-sorption mechanism. The microplastic-water partition ratios of HPAHs (0.12-0.74) were approximately four to five orders of magnitude lower than their corresponding KOW values, suggesting that mechanisms other than sorption were involved. Apparently, the sol HPAHs contributed almost identically large increments to both microplastics and water, and closed the gap. For microplastic-supported HPAHs, the contribution of the sol fraction was more than triple that of the dissolved fraction; the key influencing factor was the water solubility of HPAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng-Hui Lu
- Shunde Polytechnic, Shunde, 528300, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Gang Ni
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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26
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Li W, Zhang Z, Zhang R, Sun A, Lu Y, Chen J, Shi X. Spatiotemporal occurrence, sources and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a typical mariculture ecosystem. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 204:117632. [PMID: 34536686 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal variations, influencing factors and potential sources, as well as the ecological/health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were systematically investigated in seawater, sediment, and fish from Xiangshan Bay, China, one of the most important and oldest domestic marine aquaculture bases. The average concentrations of ΣPAHs in seawater, sediment and fish were 150 ± 70.0 ng/L, 276 ± 271 μg/kg (dry weight, dw), and 434 ± 151 μg/kg (dw), respectively. Naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, benzo(b)fluoranthene and pyrene were the dominant contaminants in all samples. The highest PAH concentrations in the seawater and sediment samples occurred in the inner bay where the mariculture and industry are clustered. Seasonal differences were observed in the seawater samples but not in the sediment samples. Among all 15 fish species, large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) (775 μg/kg (dw)), red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) (749 μg/kg (dw)), and flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) (637 μg/kg (dw)) had relatively high PAH accumulation concentrations in muscle tissue. According to the molecular diagnostic ratio method, the PAHs in seawater mainly originated from a mixed source of petroleum and combustion, whereas biomass/coal combustion sources were identified for sediment. The results obtained from the risk quotient (for seawater), sediment quality guidelines and toxic equivalence quotients (for seawater and sediment) methods showed that the ecological risks posed by PAHs were generally at a low to moderate level. Potentially toxic effects existed from PAH-contaminated fish consumption, and the resulting potential carcinogenic risk was also slightly higher than the recommended guidelines (10-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Zeming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Aili Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Yin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
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Ya M, Wu Y, Xu L, Li Y, Chen H, Wang X. Compound-specific radiocarbon reveals sources and land-sea transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban estuary. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 198:117134. [PMID: 33901842 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As typical chemical indicators of the Anthropocene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their environmental behavior in urban estuaries can reveal the influence of anthropogenic activities on coastal zones worldwide. In contrast to conventional approaches based on concentration datasets, we provide a compound-specific radiocarbon (14C) perspective to quantitatively evaluate the sources and land‒sea transport of PAHs in an estuarine‒coastal surficial sedimentary system impacted by anthropogenic activities and coastal currents. Compound-specific 14C of PAHs and their 14C end-member mixing models showed that 67-73% of fluoranthene and pyrene and 76-80% of five- and six-ring PAHs in the Jiulong River Estuary (JRE, China) originated from fossil fuels (e.g., coal, oil spill, and petroleum-related emissions). In the adjacent Western Taiwan Strait (WTS), the contributions of fossil fuel to these PAH groups were higher at 74-79% and 84-87%, respectively. Furthermore, as a significant biomarker for source allocation of terrigenous organic matter, perylene, a typical five-ring PAH, and its land‒sea transport from the basin through the JRE and finally to the WTS was quantitatively evaluated based on the 14C transport models. In the JRE, fluvial erosions and anthropogenic emissions affected the 14C signature of perylene (Δ14Cperylene, -535 ± 5‰) with contributions of > 38% and < 62%, respectively. From the JRE to the WTS, the decreased Δ14Cperylene (-735 ± 4‰) could be attributed to the long‒range transport of "ocean current-driven" perylene (-919 ± 53‰) with a contribution of 53 ± 8%. This compound-specific 14C approach and PAH transport model help provide a valuable reference for accurately quantifying land‒sea transport and burial of organic pollutants in estuarine‒coastal sedimentary systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaolei Ya
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Li Xu
- National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Yongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hanzhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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28
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Zhao Z, Gong X, Zhang L, Jin M, Cai Y, Wang X. Riverine transport and water-sediment exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) along the middle-lower Yangtze River, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123973. [PMID: 33265014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We examined the riverine transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on their spatial-temporal distributions in water and sediments from the mainstream along the middle and lower Yangtze River. According to the fugacity fraction (ff) estimation, sediments performed as a secondary emission source of two-, three-, and four-ringed PAHs and as a sink for five- and six-ringed congeners, leading to higher ecological and human health risks especially towards the lower reaches. The higher PAH levels observed in the more developed delta and megacities were highly linked to economic parameters. This was further supported by the source apportionment performed using the principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) model, which showed major contributions of coal and coke combustions along with vehicle emissions. The spatial-temporal distribution revealed that water runoff was the major contribution to PAHs transport along the middle-lower Yangtze River, whereas a sharp decrease in sediment discharge due to the dam impoundment along the upper reaches would lead to an increase in the catchment retention effect of PAHs. Hence, the biogeochemical processes of PAHs and their impacts on the fragile ecosystems as a consequence of the further modification of the sedimentary system in rivers need to be fully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Xionghu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Miao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongjiu Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Huang Q, Zhu Y, Wu F, Zhang Y. Parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of mangrove wetlands across Taiwan Strait, China: Characteristics, sources and ecological risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 265:129168. [PMID: 33307504 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics, distributions and sources of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and alkyl-PAHs (A-PAHs) as well as their ecological risk were explored in six mangrove wetlands across the Taiwan Strait, China. A-PAHs fingerprinting information, combined with PAHs diagnostic ratios and a positive matrix factorization model, were used to identify the sources of PAHs in the mangrove wetland surface sediment samples. The results showed that the total concentration of the 36 PAHs in the sediment samples varied from 186.2 to 2469.2 ng⸱g-1. Furthermore, the total concentration of PAHs would be underestimated about 37.1%-80.6% when only the concentrations of 16 priority PAHs were examined in the sediment samples. Coal combustion (32.7%) and petroleum combustion (24.6%) were identified as important contributing sources in the Yunxiao, Fugong, and Quanzhou mangrove wetlands, whereas the main source was mainly petroleum combustion (49.1%) in the Guandu, Zhuwei and Waziwei mangrove wetlands. In addition, the guidelines for assessing the ecological risk of individual A-PAHs need to be developed due to lack of criteria for most individual A-PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Fang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
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Fuchte HE, Schäffer A, Booij K, Smith KEC. Kinetic Passive Sampling: In Situ Calibration Using the Contaminant Mass Measured in Parallel Samplers with Different Thicknesses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:15759-15767. [PMID: 33213141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of single-phase passive samplers is a common method for sampling bioavailable concentrations of hydrophobic aquatic pollutants. Often such samplers are used in the kinetic stage, and in situ calibration is necessary. Most commonly, exchange kinetics are derived from the release rates of performance reference compounds (PRCs). In this study, a complementary calibration approach was developed, in which measuring the contaminant mass ratio (CMR) from two samplers with different thicknesses allows the dissolved concentrations to be determined. This new CMR calibration was tested (1) in a laboratory experiment with defined and constant concentrations and (2) in the field, at a storm water retention site. Silicone passive samplers with different thicknesses were used to sample a range of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In the laboratory study, the concentrations derived from the CMR calibration were compared with those from water extraction and passive dosing and differences below a factor 2 were found. In the field study, CMR-derived concentrations were compared to those from PRC calibration. Here, differences ranged by only a factor 1 to 3 between both methods. These findings indicate that the CMR calibration can be applied as a stand-alone or complementary calibration method for kinetic passive sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna E Fuchte
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Kees Booij
- Passive Sampling of Organic Compounds (PaSOC), 8821LV Kimswerd, The Netherlands
| | - Kilian E C Smith
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Chen YR, Guo XP, Niu ZS, Lu DP, Sun XL, Zhao S, Hou LJ, Liu M, Yang Y. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their associated environmental factors in the Yangtze Estuary, China: From inlet to outlet. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111360. [PMID: 32573452 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their associated environmental factors in estuaries are poorly understood. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed ARGs in both water and sediments from inlet to outlet of the Yangtze Estuary, China. The relative abundances of ARGs were higher in the turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) than other sites, implying that suspended particulate matter (SPM) was the major reservoir for ARGs in water. ARGs showed an increasing trend from inlet to outlet in sediments. Positively correlation between intI1 and sul1 in both water and sediments indicated that sul1 may be regulated by intI1. Correlation analysis and redundancy analysis showed that the spatial variations of estuarine ARGs were positively correlated with sample properties (e.g., temperature, SPM, pH) and chemical pollutants (e.g., heavy metals and antibiotic residues), among which chemical pollutants were the major drivers for the ARG distribution in both water and sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xing-Pan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zuo-Shun Niu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Da-Pei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao-Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li-Jun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Estuaries of Two Rivers of the Sea of Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176019. [PMID: 32824924 PMCID: PMC7503489 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The seasonal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) variability was studied in the estuaries of the Partizanskaya River and the Tumen River, the largest transboundary river of the Sea of Japan. The PAH levels were generally low over the year; however, the PAH concentrations increased according to one of two seasonal trends, which were either an increase in PAHs during the cold period, influenced by heating, or a PAH enrichment during the wet period due to higher run-off inputs. The major PAH source was the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass, but a minor input of petrogenic PAHs in some seasons was observed. Higher PAH concentrations were observed in fresh and brackish water compared to the saline waters in the Tumen River estuary, while the PAH concentrations in both types of water were similar in the Partizanskaya River estuary, suggesting different pathways of PAH input into the estuaries. The annual riverine PAH mass flux amounted to 0.028 t/year and 2.5 t/year for the Partizanskaya River and the Tumen River, respectively. The riverine PAH contribution to the coastal water of the Sea of Japan depends on the river discharge rather than the PAH level in the river water.
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Cao Y, Xin M, Wang B, Lin C, Liu X, He M, Lei K, Xu L, Zhang X, Lu S. Spatiotemporal distribution, source, and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the urbanized semi-enclosed Jiaozhou Bay, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 717:137224. [PMID: 32062240 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coastal contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a worldwide issue. Nevertheless, the spatiotemporal distribution of PAHs in the urbanized semi-enclosed bays in China remains relatively uncharacterized. Here we present measurements of 15 priority PAHs in the water and sediment of the Jiaozhou Bay, as well the assessment of their spatiotemporal distribution, sources and ecological risk. The total PAH (ΣPAH) concentrations ranged from 23.6 to 86.2 ng L -1 in the water and from 37.7 to 290.9 ng g-1 in the sediment. The average ΣPAH concentration in the water was significantly higher in the winter (52.8 ng L -1) than in the spring (30.4 ng L -1) (α = 0.05 level). Average concentration of phenanthrene in the water was 8.9 ng L-1 in the spring and 15.7 ng L-1 in the winter and the highest of PAHs, contributing about 29.4% to ΣPAHs. Compared with three-ring PAHs, four- and five-ring PAHs were more tended to accumulate in the sediment, and the partitioning into sediment was influenced by the water salinity. The spatial distribution of ΣPAH concentrations in the water were controlled by water exchange capability. Organic matter content and sediment texture played important roles in determining the spatial distribution of ΣPAHs in the sediment. Molecular diagnostic ratio analysis indicated that pyrogenic source was the main source for PAHs in the Bay. Specifically, the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model indicated that vehicle emission, biomass combustion, coal combustion, and petrogenic sources contributed for 41.6, 20.2, 20, and 18.2% of ΣPAHs, respectively. The risk assessment by sediment quality guidelines suggested that adverse biological effects are expected to occur rarely in the sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ming Xin
- The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Baodong Wang
- The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Chunye Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mengchang He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Kai Lei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ling Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Xie Q, Gui D, Liu W, Wu Y. Risk for Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) and human health related to the heavy metal levels in fish from the Pearl River Estuary, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 240:124844. [PMID: 31550584 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cetaceans and humans shared the same route of exposure to many anthropogenic contaminants via fish consumption. To assess the health risks associated with heavy metal levels in fishes from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and the seasonal dynamics, 13 fish species (n = 675) consumed by the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) and humans were analyzed for concentrations of nine heavy metals. Heavy metal levels vary significantly by species and by season in the PRE fishes. The two eel goby species were the most contaminated fish species, which had the highest levels of Cu, Pb, Hg, Mn and Se. Levels of non-essential metals (As and Pb) in many different fish species were all found significantly higher in dry season than in wet season, which may reflect the dilution effect on contaminant levels in the PRE waters in rainy season. For essential metals, Cu, Cr and Se in many fish species were significantly higher in dry season compared to wet season, while Se and Mn in the other fish species showed an opposite pattern, since essential metal accumulation could be influenced by several physiological processes in life. Risk assessment for dolphins showed that inorganic-As levels in all fishes exceeded the safe limits, whereas a more conservative approach indicated that the levels of all metals in all fish samples had toxic effects on dolphins, except for Hg. Human health risk analysis showed that inorganic-As levels in tonguesole (all year) and sillago (dry season) and Cr levels in pomfret (dry season) exceeded the acceptable values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Duan Gui
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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