1
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Yang Z, Peng L, Yang L, Fu M, Ye D, Chen P. Low-temperature NH 3 abatement via selective oxidation over a supported copper catalyst with high Cu + abundance. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 143:12-22. [PMID: 38644010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Selective catalytic NH3-to-N2 oxidation (NH3-SCO) is highly promising for abating NH3 emissions slipped from stationary flue gas after-treatment devices. Its practical application, however, is limited by the non-availability of low-cost catalysts with high activity and N2 selectivity. Here, using defect-rich nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNT-AW) as the support, we developed a highly active and durable copper-based NH3-SCO catalyst with a high abundance of cuprous (Cu+) sites. The obtained Cu/NCNT-AW catalyst demonstrated outstanding activity with a T50 (i.e. the temperature to reach 50% NH3 conversion) of 174°C in the NH3-SCO reaction, which outperformed not only the Cu catalyst supported on N-free O-functionalized CNTs (OCNTs) or NCNT with less surface defects, but also those most active Cu catalysts in open literature. Reaction kinetics measurements and temperature-programmed surface reactions using NH3 as a probe molecule revealed that the NH3-SCO reaction on Cu/NCNT-AW follows an internal selective catalytic reaction (i-SCR) route involving nitric oxide (NO) as a key intermediate. According to mechanistic investigations by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, the superior NH3-SCO performance of Cu/NCNT-AW originated from a synergy of surface defects and N-dopants. Specifically, surface defects promoted the anchoring of CuO nanoparticles on N-containing sites and, thereby, enabled efficient electron transfer from N to CuO, increasing significantly the fraction of SCR-active Cu+ sites in the catalyst. This study puts forward a new idea for manipulating and utilizing the interplay of defects and N-dopants on carbon surfaces to fabricate Cu+-rich Cu catalysts for efficient abatement of slip NH3 emissions via selective oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Leneng Yang
- Guangdong Chengyi Environmental Technology Corp., Shaoguan 512158, China
| | - Mingli Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Daiqi Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peirong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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2
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Zeng Y, Lee BH, Kim KM, Kim MW, Lee YJ, Choi YC, Choi JW, Jeon CH. Simulation of a Multistaggered Baffle Scrubber to Enhance the Efficiency of Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrification. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:15372-15382. [PMID: 38585094 PMCID: PMC10993386 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we conduct simulation research on simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification in a multistaggered baffle spray scrubber. By employing two-phase flow simulations within the Euler-Lagrange framework and calculating the gas-liquid mass transfer rate with user-defined functions, we comprehensively analyzed the effects of various operational parameters. Initially, we validated our simulation model by comparing the simulation results with experimental data. Under conditions of a 0.2 mm droplet diameter, a liquid-to-gas ratio (L/G) of 12 L/m3, and a gas flow rate of 5 CMM using a full cone nozzle, the simulation indicated a desulfurization efficiency of 99.90 versus 99.84% obtained experimentally and a denitrification efficiency of 92.01 versus 90.67% obtained experimentally. This comparison confirmed the reliability of the simulation model. Our findings indicate that a droplet size of 2 mm is optimal, enhancing the desulfurization efficiency from 99.90 to 99.98% and the denitrification efficiency from 92.01 to 99.76%. However, when the droplet size exceeds 2 mm, efficiencies marginally decrease. Increasing the liquid-to-gas ratio to 16 L/m3 further improves desulfurization and denitrification efficiencies to 99.98 and 99.80%, respectively. In contrast, higher inlet flue gas flow rates reduce these efficiencies, with a decline observed from 100% to as low as 93.90% for denitrification with 2 mm droplets. Additionally, the use of a swirl cone nozzle, compared to full or hollow cone nozzles, better disperses droplets, enhancing the gas-liquid contact and achieving efficiencies of 99.99% for desulfurization and 99.81% for denitrification with 2 mm droplets. These insights are valuable for optimizing operational conditions in industrial-scale spray scrubbers, significantly contributing to mitigating the environmental impacts of industrial emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zeng
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National
University, Busan 46241, Republic
of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hwa Lee
- Pusan
Clean Energy Research Institute, Pusan National
University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Min Kim
- Korea
Electric Power Research Institute, Daejeon 34056, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Woo Kim
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National
University, Busan 46241, Republic
of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Lee
- Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Republic
of Korea
| | - Young-Chan Choi
- Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jong Won Choi
- Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Republic
of Korea
| | - Chung-Hwan Jeon
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National
University, Busan 46241, Republic
of Korea
- Pusan
Clean Energy Research Institute, Pusan National
University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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3
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Wang Y, Wu P, Wang Y, He H, Huang L. Dendritic mesoporous nanoparticles for the detection, adsorption, and degradation of hazardous substances in the environment: State-of-the-art and future prospects. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118629. [PMID: 37499417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Equipped with hierarchical pores and three-dimensional (3D) center-radial channels, dendritic mesoporous nanoparticles (DMNs) make their pore volumes extremely large, specific surface areas super-high, internal spaces especially accessible, and so on. Other entities (like organic moieties or nanoparticles) can be modified onto the interfaces or skeletons of DMNs, accomplishing their functionalization for desirable applications. This comprehensive review emphasizes on the design and construction of DMNs-based systems which serve as sensors, adsorbents and catalysts for the detection, adsorption, and degradation of hazardous substances, mainly including the construction procedures of brand-new DMNs-based materials and the involved hazardous substances (like industrial chemicals, chemical dyes, heavy metal ions, medicines, pesticides, and harmful gases). The sensitive, adsorptive, or catalytic performances of various DMNs have been compared; correspondingly, the reaction mechanisms have been revealed strictly. It is honestly anticipated that the profound discussion could offer scientists certain enlightenment to design novel DMNs-based systems towards the detection, adsorption, and degradation of hazardous substances, respectively or comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, PR China; Institute for Triazine Compounds & Hierarchical Porous Materials, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Peng Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yanni Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hua He
- Institute for Triazine Compounds & Hierarchical Porous Materials, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Liangzhu Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, PR China; Institute for Triazine Compounds & Hierarchical Porous Materials, Shaanxi, PR China
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4
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Cao T, Zheng Y, Dong H. Control of odor emissions from livestock farms: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115545. [PMID: 36822532 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Odor emission seriously affects human and animal health, and the ecological environment. Nevertheless, a systematic summary regarding the control technology for odor emissions in livestock breeding is currently lacking. This paper summarizes odor control technology, highlighting its applicability, advantages, and limitations, which can be used to evaluate and identify the most appropriate methods in livestock production management. Odor control technologies are divided into four categories: dietary manipulation (low-crude protein diet and enzyme additives in feed), in-housing management (separation of urine from feces, adsorbents used as litter additive, and indoor environment/manure surface spraying agent), manure management (semi-permeable membrane-covered, reactor composting, slurry cover, and slurry acidification), and end-of-pipe measures for air treatment (wet scrubbing of the exhaust air from animal houses and biofiltration of the exhaust air from animal houses or composting). Findings of this paper provide a theoretical basis for the application of odor control technology in livestock farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Cao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Yunhao Zheng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Hongmin Dong
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
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5
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Long X, Gong L, Li C. Regeneration of [Fe(
II
)‐
NTA
]
−
catalyzed by activated carbon in the simultaneous removal of sulphur dioxide and nitric oxide. CAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Li Long
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
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6
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Song L, Wei Y, Deng C, Yang J, Sui H, Guo F, Meng L, Zhao X, Wei S, Sun D, Han Z, Xu M, Pan X. A Novel Method Based on Hydrodynamic Cavitation for Improving Nitric Oxide Removal Performance of NaClO 2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3684. [PMID: 36834379 PMCID: PMC9959747 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the removal of nitric oxide (NO) by sodium chlorite (NaClO2), the NaClO2 concentration is usually increased, and an alkaline absorbent is added to improve the NO removal efficiency. However, this increases the cost of denitrification. This study is the first to use hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) combined with NaClO2 for wet denitrification. Under optimal experimental conditions, when 3.0 L of NaClO2 with a concentration of 1.00 mmol/L was used to treat NO (concentration: 1000 ppmv and flow rate: 1.0 L/min), 100% of nitrogen oxides (NOx) could be removed in 8.22 min. Furthermore, the NO removal efficiency remained at 100% over the next 6.92 min. Furthermore, the formation of ClO2 by NaClO2 is affected by pH. The initial NOx removal efficiency was 84.8-54.8% for initial pH = 4.00-7.00. The initial NOx removal efficiency increases as the initial pH decreases. When the initial pH was 3.50, the initial NOx removal efficiency reached 100% under the synergistic effect of HC. Therefore, this method enhances the oxidation capacity of NaClO2 through HC, realizes high-efficiency denitrification with low NaClO2 concentration (1.00 mmol/L), and has better practicability for the treatment of NOx from ships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Song
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
- Liaoning Research Center for Marine Internal Combustion Engine Energy-Saving, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Yuhang Wei
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Chengqi Deng
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Jingang Yang
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Hao Sui
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Lingrun Meng
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Xingda Zhao
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Shiping Wei
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Deping Sun
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Zhitao Han
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
- Liaoning Research Center for Marine Internal Combustion Engine Energy-Saving, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Minyi Xu
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
- Liaoning Research Center for Marine Internal Combustion Engine Energy-Saving, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Xinxiang Pan
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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7
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Peng J, Yang Z, Lian P. Kinetics of uncatalyzed oxidation of ammonium sulfite from wet ammonia desulfurization. INT J CHEM KINET 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Peng
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Peichao Lian
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
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8
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Mohammedsaleh Katubi K, Saqib M, Rehman A, Murtaza S, Hussain S, Alrowaili Z, Al-Buriahi M. Theoretical designing of small molecule donors for organic solar cells: Analyzing the effect of molecular polarity through structural engineering at terminal position. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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9
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Energy Level Prediction of Organic Semiconductors for Photodetectors and Mining of a Photovoltaic Database to Search for New Building Units. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031240. [PMID: 36770904 PMCID: PMC9920193 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the large versatility in organic semiconductors, selecting a suitable (organic semiconductor) material for photodetectors is a challenging task. Integrating computer science and artificial intelligence with conventional methods in optimization and material synthesis can guide experimental researchers to develop, design, predict and discover high-performance materials for photodetectors. To find high-performance organic semiconductor materials for photodetectors, it is crucial to establish a relationship between photovoltaic properties and chemical structures before performing synthetic procedures in laboratories. Moreover, the fast prediction of energy levels is desirable for designing better organic semiconductor photodetectors. Herein, we first collected large sets of data containing photovoltaic properties of organic semiconductor photodetectors reported in the literature. In addition, molecular descriptors that make it easy and fast to predict the required properties were used to train machine learning models. Power conversion efficiency and energy levels were also predicted. Multiple models were trained using experimental data. The light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) regression model and Hist gradient booting regression model are the best models. The best models were further tuned to achieve better prediction ability. The reliability of our designed approach was further verified by mining the photovoltaic database to search for new building units. The results revealed that good consistency is obtained between experimental outcomes and model predictions, indicating that machine learning is a powerful approach to predict the properties of photodetectors, which can facilitate their rapid development in various fields.
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10
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Mohammedsaleh Katubi K, Naeem S, Yasir Mehboob M, Alrowaili Z, Al-Buriahi M. A data mining assisted designing of quinoxaline-based small molecule acceptors for photovoltaic applications and quantum chemical calculations assisted molecular characterization. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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11
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Schmid D, Hupa M, Paavola M, Vuorinen I, Lehikoinen A, Karlström O. Role of Thiosulfate in NO 2 Absorption in Aqueous Sulfite Solutions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schmid
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Paavola
- Valmet Technologies Oy, Lentokentänkatu 11, 33900Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilari Vuorinen
- Valmet Technologies Oy, Lentokentänkatu 11, 33900Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Lehikoinen
- Valmet Technologies Oy, Lentokentänkatu 11, 33900Tampere, Finland
| | - Oskar Karlström
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500Turku, Finland
- Industrial Engineering and Management, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500Turku, Finland
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12
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Statistical analysis and visualization of data of non-fullerene small molecule acceptors from Harvard organic photovoltaic database. Structural similarity analysis with famous non-fullerene small molecule acceptors to search new building blocks. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Ajmal Z, Haq MU, Naciri Y, Djellabi R, Hassan N, Zaman S, Murtaza A, Kumar A, Al-Sehemi AG, Algarni H, Al-Hartomy OA, Dong R, Hayat A, Qadeer A. Recent advancement in conjugated polymers based photocatalytic technology for air pollutants abatement: Cases of CO 2, NO x, and VOCs. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136358. [PMID: 36087730 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
According to World Health Organization (WHO) survey, air pollution has become the major reason of several fatal diseases, which had led to the death of 7 million peoples around the globe. The 9 people out of 10 breathe air, which exceeds WHO recommendations. Several strategies are in practice to reduce the emission of pollutants into the air, and also strict industrial, scientific, and health recommendations to use sustainable green technologies to reduce the emission of contaminants into the air. Photocatalysis technology recently has been raised as a green technology to be in practice towards the removal of air pollutants. The scientific community has passed a long pathway to develop such technology from the material, and reactor points of view. Many classes of photoactive materials have been suggested to achieve such a target. In this context, the contribution of conjugated polymers (CPs), and their modification with some common inorganic semiconductors as novel photocatalysts, has never been addressed in literature till now for said application, and is critically evaluated in this review. As we know that CPs have unique characteristics compared to inorganic semiconductors, because of their conductivity, excellent light response, good sorption ability, better redox charge generation, and separation along with a delocalized π-electrons system. The advances in photocatalytic removal/reduction of three primary air-polluting compounds such as CO2, NOX, and VOCs using CPs based photocatalysts are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the synergetic effects, obtained in CPs after combining with inorganic semiconductors are also comprehensively summarized in this review. However, such a combined system, on to better charges generation and separation, may make the Adsorb & Shuttle process into action, wherein, CPs may play the sorbing area. And, we hope that, the critical discussion on the further enhancement of photoactivity and future recommendations will open the doors for up-to-date technology transfer in modern research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Ajmal
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710072, China; MoA Key Laboratory for Clean Production and Utilization of Renewable Energy, MoST National Center for International Research of BioEnergy Science and Technology, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mahmood Ul Haq
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yassine Naciri
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Environnement LME, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Zohr, BP, Cité Dakhla, Agadir, 8106, Morocco
| | - Ridha Djellabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain.
| | - Noor Hassan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, PR, 100081, China
| | - Shahid Zaman
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Adil Murtaza
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Mesoscopic Physics of Shaanxi Province, School of Physics, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, GLA, University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed Algarni
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Al-Hartomy
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Dong
- MoA Key Laboratory for Clean Production and Utilization of Renewable Energy, MoST National Center for International Research of BioEnergy Science and Technology, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Asif Hayat
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China; College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Abdul Qadeer
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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14
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Fu C, Pan C, Chen T, Peng D, Liu Y, Wu F, Xu J, You Z, Li J, Luo L. Adsorption-enforced Fenton-like process using activated carbon-supported iron oxychloride catalyst for wet scrubbing of airborne dichloroethane. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136193. [PMID: 36037963 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wet scrubbing is a low-cost process for disposing of air pollutants. Nevertheless, this method is rarely used for the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) because of their poor water solubility. In this study, we used a unique wet scrubbing system containing H2O2 and activated carbon (AC)-supported iron oxychloride (FeOCl) nanoparticles to remove airborne dichloroethane (DCE). The operating conditions of the wet scrubber were optimized, and the mechanism was explored. The results showed that the adsorption of dissolved DCE onto AC promoted its transfer from air to water, while the accumulation of DCE on AC facilitated its oxidation by •OH generated on FeOCl catalyst. The wet scrubber performed well at pH 3 and low H2O2 concentrations. By pulsed or continuous dosing H2O2, the cooperative adsorption-catalytic oxidation allowed long-term DCE removal from air. Benefiting from satisfactory cost-effectiveness, avoidance of toxic byproduct formation, and less corrosion and catalyst poisoning, wet scrubbers coupled with cooperative adsorption and heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes could have broad application potentials in VOC control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchong Fu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Cong Pan
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Deqin Peng
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhixiong You
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jinjun Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Liting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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15
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Zhao J, Wei Q, Bi D, Liu L, Wang S, Ren X. A brand new two-phase wet oxidation absorption system for the simultaneous removal of SO 2 and NO X from simulated marine exhaust gas. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135830. [PMID: 35944677 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Marine engine exhaust emissions are increasingly harmful to the natural environment and human health and must be controlled. A self-synthesized amide (BAD, C12H25NO) in the laboratory shows a strong absorption capacity of nitric acid and nitrous acid, which may solve the problem that only using chlorine-based oxidant as an absorbent cannot completely absorb or retain NO2 produced by NO oxidation in previous studies. Based on Multiwfn and VMD (Visual Molecular Dynamics) program calculation, the formation mechanism of hydrogen bonds between BAD with nitric acid and nitrous acid was revealed by electrostatic potential (ESP) analysis and further confirmed by FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectra research. Subsequently, simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOX from simulated flue gas was carried out by using NaClO/BAD as a two-phase composite absorbent, and the maximum removal efficiencies of SO2 and NOX were 98.9% and 86.6%, respectively. The recycling experiments and the engineering experiments showing that NaClO/BAD can solve the problem of absorption of NO2, and it can be a promising composite absorbent in wet desulfurization and denitrification of marine engine exhaust gas in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiong Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China; Shandong Institute of Shipbuilding Technology, Institute of Shipping Oil Residue and Oily Sewage Clean Technology, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Qifeng Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China; Shandong Institute of Shipbuilding Technology, Institute of Shipping Oil Residue and Oily Sewage Clean Technology, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Dongkui Bi
- Weihai Survey Station, China Classification Society, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China; Shandong Institute of Shipbuilding Technology, Institute of Shipping Oil Residue and Oily Sewage Clean Technology, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China; Shandong Institute of Shipbuilding Technology, Institute of Shipping Oil Residue and Oily Sewage Clean Technology, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiulian Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China; Shandong Institute of Shipbuilding Technology, Institute of Shipping Oil Residue and Oily Sewage Clean Technology, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China.
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16
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Machine Learning Assisted Prediction of Power Conversion Efficiency of All-Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells: A Data Visualization and Statistical Analysis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185905. [PMID: 36144642 PMCID: PMC9502131 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Organic solar cells are famous for their cheap solution processing. Their industrialization needs fast designing of efficient materials. For this purpose, testing of large number of materials is necessary. Machine learning is a better option due to cheaper prediction of power conversion efficiencies. In the present work, machine learning was used to predict power conversion efficiencies. Experimental data were collected from the literature to feed the machine learning models. A detailed data visualization analysis was performed to study the trends of the dataset. The relationship between descriptors and power conversion efficiency was quantitatively determined by Pearson correlations. The importance of features was also determined using feature importance analysis. More than 10 machine learning models were tried to find better models. Only the two best models (random forest regressor and bagging regressor) were selected for further analysis. The prediction ability of these models was high. The coefficient of determination (R2) values for the random forest regressor and bagging regressor models were 0.892 and 0.887, respectively. The Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) method was used to identify the impact of descriptors on the output of models.
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17
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Sharif HMA, Ali M, Mahmood A, Asif MB, Din MAU, Sillanpää M, Mahmood A, Yang B. Separation of Fe from wastewater and its use for NO x reduction; a sustainable approach for environmental remediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135103. [PMID: 35623439 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen and sulphur oxide (NOx and SO2) emissions are causing a serious threat to the existence of life on earth, requiring their effective removal for a sustainable future. Among various approaches, catalytic or electrochemical reduction of air pollutants (NOx) has gained much attention due to its high efficiency and the possibility of converting these gases into valuable products. However, the required catalysts are generally synthesized from lab-grade chemicals, which may not be a sustainable approach. Herein, a sustainable approach is presented to synthesize an efficient iron-based catalyst directly from industrial/lake wastewater (WW) for NOx-reduction. According to the theoretical calculations and experimental results, Fe-ions could be readily recovered from wastewater because it has the best adsorption efficiency among all other co-existing metals (Ni2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+). The subsequent experimental investigations confirmed the preferential Fe adsorption from different WW streams to develop Fe3O4@EDTA-Fe composite, whereby Fe3O4 could be used due to its high recycling ability, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) acted as a chelating agent to adsorb Fe-metal from effluents. The Fe3O4@EDTA-Fe exhibited high efficiency (≥87%) for NOx reduction even in the presence of high-degree oxygen contents (10-12%). Moreover, Fe3O4-EDTA-Fe showed excellent long-term stability for 24 h and maintained more than 80% NOx reduction. The fabricated catalyst has a great potential for executing a dual role simultaneously for Fe-recovery and NOx removal, promoting the circular economy concept and providing a potentially sustainable remediation approach for large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moazzam Ali
- Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayyaz Mahmood
- College of Physics and Optical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Asif
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPMC), Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Asif Mahmood
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China.
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18
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Investigating the Optimization Design of Internal Flow Fields Using a Selective Catalytic Reduction Device and Computational Fluid Dynamics. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15041451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and denitrification are the best technologies for nitrogen oxides (NOx) control in coal-fired power plants, and their denitration efficiency and ammonia escape rate are closely related to their internal flow characteristics. By adding a deflector to the SCR device, the flow field in the curve can be effectively improved, and the stable and efficient operation of the SCR device can be realized. Based on the numerical simulation method, the SCR system of a coking coal-fired boiler in a steel plant was simulated using k-ε (the turbulence model), and three design schemes of deflectors were proposed and numerically simulated simultaneously. After optimization, the ammonia injection grid’s downstream velocity variance coefficient CV was 6.69, the catalyst upper cross-section velocity variance coefficient was 11.84, the cross-sectional temperature average was 499 K, the maximum temperature deviation was 9 °C, the maximum-to-minimum temperature interval span was 15 °C, the cross-sectional NH3/NOx molar ratio average value was 0.8122, the coefficient of variance was 4.67, and the pressure loss was 1855 Pa. The findings of this work will help improve the denitration efficiency and provide an important reference for the actual transformation design.
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19
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Xu Z, Ao Z, Yang M, Wang S. Recent progress in single-atom alloys: Synthesis, properties, and applications in environmental catalysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127427. [PMID: 34678562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysts have made outstanding advancements in pollutants elimination as well as energy and materials production over the past decades. Single-atom alloys (SAAs) are novel environmental catalysts prepared by dispersing single metal atoms on other metals. Integrating the advantages of single atom and alloys, SAAs can maximize atom utilization, reduce the use of noble metals and enhance catalytic performances. The synergistic, electronic and geometric effects of SAAs are effective to modulate the activation energy and adsorption strength, consequently breaking linear scaling relationship as well as offering an excellent catalytic activity and selectivity. Moreover, SAAs possess clear atomic structure, active sites and reaction mechanisms, providing an opportunity to tailor catalytic properties and develop effective environmental catalysts. In this review, we provide the recent progress on synthetic strategies, catalytic properties and catalyst design of SAAs. Furthermore, the applications of SAAs in environmental catalysis are introduced towards catalytic conversion and elimination of different air pollutants in many important reactions including (electrochemical) oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), dehydrogenation of VOCs, CO2 conversion, NOx reduction, CO oxidation, SO3 decomposition, etc. Finally, challenges and opportunities of SAAs in a broad environmental field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Xu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; SINOPEC Maoming Petrochemical Company, Maoming 525011, China
| | - Zhimin Ao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Mei Yang
- SINOPEC Maoming Petrochemical Company, Maoming 525011, China
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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20
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Recent Breakthroughs and Advancements in NO x and SO x Reduction Using Nanomaterials-Based Technologies: A State-of-the-Art Review. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123301. [PMID: 34947650 PMCID: PMC8703905 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen and sulpher oxides (NOx, SOx) have become a global issue in recent years due to the fastest industrialization and urbanization. Numerous techniques are used to treat the harmful exhaust emissions, including dry, traditional wet and hybrid wet-scrubbing techniques. However, several difficulties, including high-energy requirement, limited scrubbing-liquid regeneration, formation of secondary pollutants and low efficiency, limit their industrial utilization. Regardless, the hybrid wet-scrubbing technology is gaining popularity due to low-costs, less-energy consumption and high-efficiency removal of air pollutants. The removal/reduction of NOx and SOx from the atmosphere has been the subject of several reviews in recent years. The goal of this review article is to help scientists grasp the fundamental ideas and requirements before using it commercially. This review paper emphasizes the use of green and electron-rich donors, new breakthroughs, reducing GHG emissions, and improved NOx and SOx removal catalytic systems, including selective/non-catalytic reduction (SCR/SNCR) and other techniques (functionalization by magnetic nanoparticles; NP, etc.,). It also explains that various wet-scrubbing techniques, synthesis of solid iron-oxide such as magnetic (Fe3O4) NP are receiving more interest from researchers due to the wide range of its application in numerous fields. In addition, EDTA coating on Fe3O4 NP is widely used due to its high stability over a wide pH range and solid catalytic systems. As a result, the Fe3O4@EDTA-Fe catalyst is projected to be an optimal catalyst in terms of stability, synergistic efficiency, and reusability. Finally, this review paper discusses the current of a heterogeneous catalytic system for environmental remedies and sustainable approaches.
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21
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Uri-Carreño N, Nielsen PH, Gernaey KV, Flores-Alsina X. Long-term operation assessment of a full-scale membrane-aerated biofilm reactor under Nordic conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146366. [PMID: 33752004 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) technology is an exciting alternative to conventional activated sludge, with promising results in bench and pilot-scale systems. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of long-term and full-scale data under different operational conditions. This study aims to report the performance of a full-scale hybrid MABR located in the North of Europe. Influent, effluent, and exhaust data were collected for 1 year (September 2019 to September 2020) using online sensors/gas-analyzers and off-line laboratory analysis. Next, oxygen transfer rate (OTR), oxygen transfer efficiency (OTE), and nitrification rates (NR) were quantified as process indicators. Finally, multivariate methods were used to find patterns among monitored variables. Observations revealed that lower airflows achieved higher OTE at the same values of OTR and OTR was strongly correlated to ammonia/um concentration in the MABR tank (NHx,eff). The dynamics between oxygen concentration in the exhaust (O2,exh) and NHx,eff indicated that a nitrifying biofilm was established within 3 weeks. Average NR were calculated using four different methods and ranged between 1 and 2 g N m-2d-1. Principal component analysis (PCA) explained 81.4% of the sample variance with the first three components and cluster analysis (CA) divided the yearly data into five distinctive periods. Hence, it was possible to identify typical Nordic episodes with high frequency of heavy rain, low temperature, and high variations in pollution load. The study concludes that nitrification capacity obtained with MABR is robust during cold weather conditions, and its volumetric value is comparable to other well-established biofilm-based technologies. Moreover, the aeration efficiency (AE) obtained in this study, 5.8 kg O2 kW h-1, would suppose an average reduction in energy consumption of 55% compared to fine pore diffused aeration and 74% to the existing surface aeration at the facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Uri-Carreño
- Vandcenter Syd A/S, Vandværksvej 7, Odense 5000, Denmark; Process and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 228A, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark.
| | - Per H Nielsen
- Vandcenter Syd A/S, Vandværksvej 7, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Krist V Gernaey
- Process and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 228A, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Xavier Flores-Alsina
- Process and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 228A, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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