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Yoon S, Yang J, Wang J, Boettner B, Browning C. Child maltreatment and youth exposure to risky environments: Latent class analysis of youth activity spaces. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 154:106952. [PMID: 39053221 PMCID: PMC11349082 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child maltreatment may alter the way that adolescents engage in and interact within the places they visit in their daily routines, namely youth activity spaces. Thus, it is important to understand how maltreatment experiences are linked to adolescents' exposure to environmental and contextual risks within their activity spaces. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to explore the associations between child maltreatment and patterns of risk exposures within youth activity spaces among adolescents. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Study participants were 1364 adolescents between the ages of 11 and 17, living in a Midwest state in the United States. METHODS We linked data from the Adolescent Health and Development in Context (AHDC) study and the Statewide Automated Child Welfare Information System (SACWIS). A three-step latent class analysis (LCA) was employed. RESULTS Three contextual risk exposure classes were identified: 1) The aggression/violence class (7.7 %); 2) The smoking and drinking class (12.3 %); and 3) The non-risk class (80.0 %). Adolescents with more maltreatment reports were more likely to be in the aggression/violence class compared to the non-risk class. CONCLUSIONS Capitalizing on the novel linkage between administrative child welfare records and ecological momentary assessment (EMA)-based youth spatial/environmental exposure data, we found a positive link between the number of maltreatment reports made to child protective services and membership in the aggression/violence class. Intervention efforts should be directed toward youths with a history of child maltreatment, ensuring that they have access to safe, structured, and non-violent environments during their daily routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Yoon
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, USA; Department of Social Welfare, College of Social Sciences, Ewha Woman's University, South Korea.
| | - Junyeong Yang
- Graduate School of Education, Kyung Hee University, South Korea
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Division of Social Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR
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Estrada S, Baskin-Sommers A. Trajectories of parental harshness and exposure to community violence differentially predict externalizing and internalizing mental health problems in legal system-involved youth. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:589-600. [PMID: 36734222 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Youth with legal system involvement are especially likely to experience parental harshness (PH) and exposure to community violence (ETV), two common forms of life stress. However, most studies examine these stressors separately or collapse across them in ways that preclude examination of their co-occurrence. Consequently, it is unclear 1) how PH and ETV simultaneously fluctuate across development and 2) how these fluctuations predict future mental health problems in legal system-involved youth. We used group-based multi-trajectory modeling to estimate simultaneous trajectories of PH and ETV in 1027 legal system-involved youth and regression analyses to understand how trajectory membership predicted mental health problems three years later. Four trajectories of co-occurrence were identified (1: Low; 2: Moderate and Decreasing; 3: Moderate PH/High ETV; 4: High PH/Moderate ETV). Compared to the Low trajectory, all trajectories with PH/ETV elevations predicted violent crime and substance problems; trajectory 3 (Moderate PH/High ETV) predicted nonviolent crime and depression/anxiety symptoms; trajectory 4 (High PH/Moderate ETV) predicted depression diagnosis. These results elucidate how PH and ETV typically co-occur across adolescence for legal system-involved youth. They also reveal important commonalities and dissociations among types of mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Estrada
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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3
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Nguyen PT, Gordon CT, Owens EB, Hinshaw SP. Patterns of Childhood Adversity among Women with and without Childhood ADHD: Links to Adult Psychopathology and Global Functioning. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:1813-1825. [PMID: 36399241 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We examine the outcomes associated with childhood adversity for women with and without carefully diagnosed childhood ADHD, via an ethnically diverse sample of 140 participants with ADHD (Mage = 9.7) and 88 age- and ethnicity-matched comparisons (Mage = 9.4). At adult follow-up, we retained 211 of the original 228 participants (92.6%; Mage = 25.6). We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of childhood adversity and examine their association with adult global functioning and psychopathology. Key findings: (1) Four childhood adversity classes emerged (Low Exposure, Familial Dysfunction, Emotional Maltreatment, Pervasive Exposure); (2) Childhood ADHD predicted membership in the Emotional Maltreatment class; and (3) Childhood adversity classes were differently associated with adult outcomes, such that membership in both the Emotional Maltreatment and Pervasive Exposure classes predicted significantly higher internalizing and externalizing symptoms as well as significantly lower global functioning than women in the Low Exposure class. Furthermore, compared to the Emotional Maltreatment class, the Familial Dysfunction class had lower externalizing symptoms, whereas the Pervasive Exposure class had lower global functioning and higher internalizing symptoms by adulthood. Findings provide information about girls and women who could be targeted for intervention in terms of ADHD behavior patterns plus adverse experiences in childhood. Beyond limitations, we discuss the need to investigate the confluence of neurodevelopmental conditions and adverse child events with respect to maladaptive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuc T Nguyen
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Chanelle T Gordon
- Child and Family Translational Research Center, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Stephen P Hinshaw
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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T Nguyen P, Basson D, Perry D. Patterns of Trauma Among Youth Seeking Mental Health Services at a Community-Based Clinic: A Latent Class Analysis Approach. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:1827-1838. [PMID: 36401776 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00998-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We examine the association between trauma patterns, gender identity, ethnicity, foster care involvement, and mental health needs in a sample of low-income youth. Our community sample included 2,175 clients aged 6 or older (Mage = 11.9), has a closely-even gender ratio (55% female and 45% male and others) and is ethnically diverse (37% Black, 31% Multiracial, 14% Latinx, 9% White, 10% Others). 61% of youth in this sample have involvement with the foster care system. Latent class analysis was used to identify trauma patterns, explore predictors of latent class membership, and estimate the cumulative mental health needs for each trauma class. Results revealed four trauma patterns (Low Trauma, Caregiving Disruption, Community Violence, and Multiple Trauma). Girls were more likely than boys to be in the high-trauma groups. Compared to Black youth, Latinx youth were more likely to be in the Multiple Trauma class, whereas White youth were less likely to be in the high trauma classes. Youth with past or current involvement with the foster care system were more likely than those without to be in the high-trauma classes. Mental health needs for youth in Low Trauma and Caregiving Disruption were comparable, but were highest for those in Community Violence. Contrary to expectation, the Multiple Trauma group did not have the highest-level mental health needs. Interventions for low-income youth can benefit from knowing which trauma patterns are associated with various levels of mental health needs. Newer models of care focusing on building healthy communities may be the way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuc T Nguyen
- WestCoast Children's Clinic, Oakland, CA, 94601, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Danna Basson
- WestCoast Children's Clinic, Oakland, CA, 94601, USA.
| | - David Perry
- WestCoast Children's Clinic, Oakland, CA, 94601, USA
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Pierce J, Harte SE, Afari N, Bradley CS, Griffith JW, Kim J, Lutgendorf S, Naliboff BD, Rodriguez LV, Taple BJ, Williams D, Harris RE, Schrepf A. Mediators of the association between childhood trauma and pain sensitivity in adulthood: a Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain Research Network analysis. Pain 2023; 164:1995-2008. [PMID: 37144687 PMCID: PMC10440258 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) is a complex, debilitating condition in which patients often report nonpelvic pain in addition to localized pelvic pain. Understanding differential predictors of pelvic pain only vs widespread pain may provide novel pathways for intervention. This study leveraged baseline data from the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network's Symptom Pattern Study to investigate the impact of childhood sexual and nonsexual violent trauma on pelvic and nonpelvic pain sensitivity among adult patients with UCPPS, as well as potential mediators of this association. Study participants who met inclusion criteria for UCPPS completed questionnaires assessing childhood and recent trauma, affective distress, cognitive dysfunction, and generalized sensory sensitivity. Experimental pain sensitivity was also evaluated using standardized pressure pain applied to the pubic region and the arm. Bivariate analyses showed that childhood violent trauma was associated with more nonviolent childhood trauma, more recent trauma, poorer adult functioning, and greater pain sensitivity at the pubic region, but not pain sensitivity at the arm. Path analysis suggested that childhood violent trauma was indirectly associated with pain sensitivity at both sites and that this indirect association was primarily mediated by generalized sensory sensitivity. More experiences of recent trauma also contributed to these indirect effects. The findings suggest that, among participants with UCPPS, childhood violent trauma may be associated with heightened pain sensitivity to the extent that trauma history is associated with a subsequent increase in generalized sensory sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Pierce
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Steven E Harte
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Niloofar Afari
- VA Center for Excellence for Stress & Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Catherine S Bradley
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, Carver College of Medicine, and Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - James W Griffith
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Susan Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Department of Urology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Bruce D Naliboff
- Department of Medicine, Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience and Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Larissa V Rodriguez
- Institute of Urology, University of Southern California, Beverly Hills, CA, United States
| | - Bayley J Taple
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Richard E Harris
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Andrew Schrepf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Shaw ZA, Handley ED, Warmingham JM, Starr LR. Patterns of life stress and the development of ruminative brooding in adolescence: A person-centered approach. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37589100 PMCID: PMC10873479 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Research links life stressors, including acute, chronic, and early life stress, to the development of ruminative brooding. However, singular forms of life stress rarely occur in isolation, as adolescents typically encounter stressors that vary on important dimensions (e.g., types, timings, quantities) across development. The current study employs latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify natural clusters of life stress that, over time, may be differently associated with ruminative brooding. Evaluations of episodic, chronic, and early life stress were conducted with community-recruited mid-adolescents (N = 241, Mage = 15.90 years, 53% female) and their parents using the UCLA Life Stress Interview and lifetime adversity portions of the Youth Life Stress Interview. Analyses identified four distinct patterns: low stress, high peer stress, moderate home / family stress, and multifaceted / high school stress. Adolescents in the high peer stress and moderate home / family stress profiles were at highest risk for developing a brooding style over time. Despite high overall levels of stress, teens in the multifaceted / high school stress profile were at not at elevated risk for developing a brooding style. Findings demonstrate the utility of person-centered approaches to identify patterns of stress exposure that heighten risk for brooding over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoey A Shaw
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer M Warmingham
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa R Starr
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Panlilio CC, Dube SR, Corr C. A framework for promoting learning and development in the context of adversity: An introduction to the special issue. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 142:106176. [PMID: 37059648 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlomagno C Panlilio
- Department of Educational Psychology, Counseling, and Special Education, Child Maltreatment Solutions Network, Social Science Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Shanta R Dube
- Department of Public Health, Levine College of Health Sciences, Wingate University, Wingate, NC, USA
| | - Catherine Corr
- Department of Special Education, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
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Valtolina GG, Polizzi C, Perricone G. Improving the Early Assessment of Child Neglect Signs-A New Technique for Professionals. Pediatr Rep 2023; 15:390-395. [PMID: 37368368 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric15020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper grants some considerations on a critical phenomenon for child health: child neglect. It is an omission-type form of childhood maltreatment, which is widespread but very hard to intercept. For the assessment of child neglect, the Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.) has developed and validated a specific assessment technique (the C.N.A. technique). It is supposed to be for parents of children between 3 and 9 years old. It is based on a paradigm that identifies the dysregulation of parental competence as the cause of neglect. It can occur in hypo- or hyperactivation of three fundamental factors (recognition, stimulation, and care). The child neglect assessment technique (C.N.A.) differs from the retrospective tools available in the literature since it allows for interception of the "signs" of possible child neglect when negligence occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Giulio Valtolina
- Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology (S.I.P.Ped.), 90121 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 20121 Milan, Italy
| | - Concetta Polizzi
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 20121 Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement (SPPEFF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Perricone
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 20121 Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement (SPPEFF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Alto ME, Warmingham JM, Handley ED, Manly JT, Cicchetti D, Toth SL. The Association Between Patterns of Trauma Exposure, Family Dysfunction, and Psychopathology Among Adolescent Females With Depressive Symptoms From Low-Income Contexts. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2023; 28:130-140. [PMID: 34989275 PMCID: PMC9256854 DOI: 10.1177/10775595211050303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Distinguishing profiles of trauma exposure among low-income adolescent females with depressive symptoms is important for understanding comorbidity, family relationships, and treatment. Specifically, child maltreatment is essential to examine in comparison to other traumas. Participants included 170 adolescent females (65.3% Black; 21.2% White; 13.5% other race; 14.1% Latina/x) with depressive symptoms and their primary caregiver from low-income families. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified three trauma classes. Probabilities of endorsing different subtypes of maltreatment (physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse), number of subtypes of maltreatment, and non-maltreatment traumas (accident, experiencing or witnessing physical assault, death or injury of loved one, medical trauma) varied among groups. Higher levels of family dysfunction and traumatic stress symptoms were reported in both classes with maltreatment exposure as compared to the class with only non-maltreatment trauma exposure. Findings have implications for family-focused interventions for maltreated adolescent females with depressive symptoms from low-income contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Alto
- Mt. Hope Family Center, 6927University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Jody Todd Manly
- Mt. Hope Family Center, 6927University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Sheree L Toth
- Mt. Hope Family Center, 6927University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Sauvé M, Cyr C, St-Laurent D, Amédée LM, Dubois-Comtois K, Tarabulsy GM, Bernier A, Moss E. Transmission of parental childhood trauma to child behavior problems: Parental Hostile/Helpless state of mind as a moderator. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 128:104885. [PMID: 33422283 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little attention has been given to intergenerational transmission of risk, mainly whether caregivers' history of childhood maltreatment is linked to behavioral symptoms in their children and which protective/risk factors are involved in this transmission process. OBJECTIVE This study examined if parental Hostile/Helpless (H/H) state of mind with respect to attachment moderated the association between parental childhood trauma and behavior problems in maltreated children. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The sample included 61 parents and their children victims or at very high risk of maltreatment, aged between 1 and 6 years old. METHOD Parents retrospectively reported their childhood trauma and completed a measure of their children's behavior problems. Independent observers assessed H/H attachment representations. RESULTS Among parents with H/H states of mind, more severe traumatic childhood experiences were associated with more externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in their children. Among non-H/H parents, associations between parental childhood trauma and child behavior problems were not significant. CONCLUSIONS In the context of trauma, this study suggests that the absence of a H/H state of mind in parents (i.e., the presence of an organized attachment state of mind) is a protective factor for child adjustment. H/H mental representations of self and attachment experiences as targets of intervention for parents with histories of maltreatment may help reduce the transmission of risk in maltreating families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Sauvé
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
| | - Chantal Cyr
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada; Institut-Universitaire Jeunes en Difficulté, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Canada.
| | - Diane St-Laurent
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada; Centre de Recherche Universitaire sur les Jeunes et les Familles, CIUSSS de la Capitale Nationale
| | | | - Karine Dubois-Comtois
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada; Centre de recherche, CIUSSS du-Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Canada
| | - George M Tarabulsy
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Canada; Centre de Recherche Universitaire sur les Jeunes et les Familles, CIUSSS de la Capitale Nationale
| | - Annie Bernier
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada; Centre de Recherche Universitaire sur les Jeunes et les Familles, CIUSSS de la Capitale Nationale
| | - Ellen Moss
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
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Charting a Course, Weathering Storms, and Making Lemonade: A Person-Centered Mixed Methods Analysis of Emotional Wellbeing and Dispositional Strengths following University Graduation. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-022-09394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Park DH, Meltendorf T, Kahl KG, Kamp JC, Richter MJ, Gall H, Ghofrani HA, Hoeper MM, Olsson KM, Fuge J. Childhood Trauma in Patients With PAH-Prevalence, Impact on QoL, and Mental Health-A Preliminary Report. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:812862. [PMID: 35222119 PMCID: PMC8866231 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.812862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Child maltreatment is associated with increased risk of psychological consequences, contributes to morbidity and has long lasting effects on mental health and quality of life. Child maltreatment has not been assessed in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We examined the prevalence of child maltreatment and determined their impact on disease severity in patients with PAH. METHODS A cross-sectional observational multicenter study at two PH centers in Germany was conducted. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAH were given a self-administered questionnaire. Child maltreatment using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), quality of life (QoL), anxiety, depression, and lifestyle factors were assessed and enhanced by clinical parameters 6-min walk distance (6MWD), WHO functional class (WHO FC), and serum levels of N-terminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Prevalence rates of child maltreatment were compared to the general population and impact of child maltreatment on disease severity was calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Two-hundred and seventeen patients, 71% female and a median age of 56 years were enrolled in this study. Patients with PAH had higher rates of emotional abuse and lower rates of physical neglect compared to the German population while rates of emotional neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse did not differ between patients and German population. Patients with any form of child maltreatment were more likely to be active smokers, had a worse QoL and more anxiety or depression. Moderate associations between child maltreatment, mental health, QoL, lifestyle factors and clinical parameters could be observed. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant impact of CTQ-total score on disease severity with an OR of 1.022 (95%-CI: 1.001-1.042, p = 0.035). CONCLUSION We found a higher rate of child maltreatment in patients with PAH in comparison to the German population. Correlations suggest moderate associations between CTQ-scores and mental health as well as QoL. Child maltreatment had significant impact on disease severity. However, effects were moderate. We conclude that child maltreatment has effects on mental health and quality of life in patients with PAH and may have limited effect on disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hee Park
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tanja Meltendorf
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kai G. Kahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan C. Kamp
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manuel J. Richter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Henning Gall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein A. Ghofrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marius M. Hoeper
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karen M. Olsson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Fuge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
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Downey C, Crummy A. The impact of childhood trauma on children's wellbeing and adult behavior. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Lev-Wiesel R, Ramot O, Niv H, Daniel E, Gosh Y, Dahan A, Weinger S. Physical Versus Sexual Abuse as Reflected in Adolescents' Self-Figure Drawings: A Preliminary Study. JOURNAL OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE 2022; 31:33-50. [PMID: 33416014 DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2020.1856993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Based on the lack of validated assessment tools to detect past physical or sexual abuse, the current study examines to what extent the experience of either sexual or physical abuse is reflected in self-figure drawings of adolescents at-risk. A convenience sample consists of 93 adolescents at risk between the ages of 12-17 recruited from Welfare institutes divided into three groups: Group 1 included adolescents who experienced sexual abuse, Group 2 included adolescents who experienced physical abuse but not sexual abuse, Group 3 included adolescents who experienced neither sexual abuse nor physical abuse. A self-report anonymous questionnaire that consisted of demographics, traumatic events questionnaire, and the Medical Somatic Dissociation Questionnaire (MSDQ) was administered following Ethical approval and signing of consent forms. Participants were asked to draw themselves on an A4 sheet of paper using a pencil. Five social workers who were unaware of participants' experiences assessed the drawings independently for the level of obviousness of the following indicators: face line, eyes, nose, ears, hair stand, forehead, lower body, arms, and hands. Results yielded differences in pictorial indicators (nose, hair stand, lower body) among the groups. MSDQ score was found significantly higher among sexually abused victims.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oren Ramot
- The Academic College of Tel-Hai, Tel Hai, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Hagar Niv
- The Academic College of Tel-Hai, Tel Hai, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Einav Daniel
- The Academic College of Tel-Hai, Tel Hai, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Yoav Gosh
- The Academic College of Tel-Hai, Tel Hai, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Amir Dahan
- The Academic College of Tel-Hai, Tel Hai, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
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15
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Abstract
Despite sufficient evidence to conclude that maltreatment exposure affects the risk of crime and delinquency, we conclude that the unique effects of child maltreatment on crime and delinquency, and the mechanisms through which those effects operate, remain poorly identified. Key challenges include insufficient attention to the overlap of child maltreatment with various forms of family dysfunction and adversity and a lack of comprehensive measurement of the multiple, often comorbid, forms of child maltreatment. We then consider potential impacts of the child welfare system on the maltreatment-crime link. Because the child welfare system typically provides voluntary, short-term services of unknown quality, it likely neither increases nor reduces risks of delinquency and crime for most children who encounter it. For the comparatively small subset of children experiencing foster care, impacts on delinquency and crime likely vary by the quality of environments within and after their time in care - issues that, to date, have received too little attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Font
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Sociology and Criminology, 612 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Reeve Kennedy
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Sociology and Criminology
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16
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Rajan S. School safety and violence: Drawing on a public health approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOANALYTIC STUDIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aps.1726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Rajan
- Department of Health and Behavior Studies Teachers College Columbia University New York New York USA
- Department of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University New York New York USA
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17
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MATTA RMD, RAMOS DG. The effectiveness of Sandplay Therapy in children who are victims of maltreatment with internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. ESTUDOS DE PSICOLOGIA (CAMPINAS) 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0275202138e200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect of Sandplay Therapy on the treatment of children who are victims of mistreatment with internalizing and/or externalizing behavioral problems. Method: The Child Behavior Check List instrument was applied to all children between 6 years 6 months and 10 years 11 months from 24 institutions. All of them presented clinical and/or borderline levels of behavior concern. The institutions where the children would compose a control group, those where they would receive Sandplay Therapy treatment (experimental group), and those where they would receive Placebo treatment were determined by drawing lot. The same instrument was applied after the treatments, or 20 weeks; in the experimental group, a test was applied after six months. The results show that the children in the experimental group showed significant improvements. These changes remained six months after the end of therapy and were verified by analyzing Sandplay scenarios.
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18
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Rosen C, McCarthy-Jones S, Chase KA, Jones N, Luther L, Melbourne JK, Sudhalkar N, Sharma RP. The role of inner speech on the association between childhood adversity and 'hearing voices'. Psychiatry Res 2020; 286:112866. [PMID: 32088506 PMCID: PMC10731775 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences are associated with later development of psychosis, particularly auditory verbal hallucinations and delusions. Although auditory hallucinations have been proposed to be misattributed inner speech, the relation between childhood adversity and inner speech has not been previously investigated. The first aim was to test whether childhood adversity is associated with inner speech in persons with psychosis. The second aim was to test for the influence of inner speech on the association between childhood adversity and auditory hallucinations. Our final aim was to test for evidence that would falsify the null hypothesis that inner speech does not impact the relationship between childhood adversity and delusions. In persons with psychosis, we found a positive association between childhood adversity and dialogic inner speech. There was a significant total effect of childhood adversity on auditory hallucinations, including an indirect effect of childhood adversity on auditory hallucinations via dialogic inner speech. There was also a significant total effect of childhood adversity on delusions, but no evidence of any indirect effect via inner speech. These findings suggest that childhood adversities are associated with inner speech and psychosis. The relation between childhood adversity and auditory hallucination severity could be partially influenced by dialogic inner speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherise Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | | - Kayla A Chase
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nev Jones
- Department of Mental Health Law & Policy, University of South Florida, Florida, USA
| | - Lauren Luther
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Niyati Sudhalkar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rajiv P Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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19
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Shorey RC, Cohen JR, Kolp H, Fite PJ, Stuart GL, Temple JR. Predicting sexual behaviors from mid-adolescence to emerging adulthood: The roles of dating violence victimization and substance use. Prev Med 2019; 129:105844. [PMID: 31525388 PMCID: PMC6892170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether dating violence victimization (psychological, physical, and sexual) and substance use (alcohol and marijuana) predicted sexual behaviors that increase risk for poor outcomes from ages 15-19. Adolescents (N = 1042; 56% female) were recruited from high schools in Southeast Texas in 2010 and followed annually for six years. The mean age of the sample at baseline was 15.09 (SD = 0.79). Participants primarily identified as Hispanic (31.4%), White (29.4%), and Black/African American (27.9%). Participants completed measures of dating violence victimization, substance use, and sexual behaviors annually. We examined unique and interactive associations between substance use and dating violence victimization with sexual behaviors that increase risk for poor outcomes. Multilevel modeling demonstrated that, when examining predictors simultaneously, marijuana use and psychological victimization predicted sexual behaviors over time for males. For females, marijuana use, and physical and psychological victimization all predicted sexual behaviors over time, with marijuana exerting the strongest effect, particularly among females who also used alcohol. Prevention efforts for adolescent sexual behaviors that increase risk for poor outcomes should include a focus on reducing substance use, particularly marijuana, and the effects of dating violence victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Shorey
- University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, United States of America.
| | | | - Haley Kolp
- University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, United States of America
| | | | | | - Jeff R Temple
- University of Texas Medical Branch - Galveston, United States of America
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20
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Vogel AC, Jackson JJ, Barch DM, Tillman R, Luby JL. Excitability and irritability in preschoolers predicts later psychopathology: The importance of positive and negative emotion dysregulation. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:1067-1083. [PMID: 31109387 PMCID: PMC7059859 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emotion dysregulation is a risk factor for the development of a variety of psychopathologic outcomes. In children, irritability, or dysregulated negative affect, has been the primary focus, as it predicts later negative outcomes even in very young children. However, dysregulation of positive emotion is increasingly recognized as a contributor to psychopathology. Here we used an exploratory factor analysis and defined four factors of emotion dysregulation: irritability, excitability, sadness, and anhedonia, in the preschool-age psychiatric assessment collected in a sample of 302 children ages 3-5 years enriched for early onset depression. The irritability and excitability factor scores defined in preschoolers predicted later diagnosis of mood and externalizing disorders when controlling for other factor scores, social adversity, maternal history of mood disorders, and externalizing diagnoses at baseline. The preschool excitability factor score predicted emotion lability in late childhood and early adolescence when controlling for other factor scores, social adversity, and maternal history. Both excitability and irritability factor scores in preschoolers predicted global functioning into the teen years and early adolescence, respectively. These findings underscore the importance of positive, as well as negative, affect dysregulation as early as the preschool years in predicting later psychopathology, which deserves both further study and clinical consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alecia C. Vogel
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
| | - Joshua J. Jackson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Rebecca Tillman
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
| | - Joan L. Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
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21
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Cohen JR, Thomsen KN, Racioppi A, Ballespi S, Sheinbaum T, Kwapil TR, Barrantes-Vidal N. Emerging Adulthood and Prospective Depression: A Simultaneous Test of Cumulative Risk Theories. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 48:1353-1364. [PMID: 30949796 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Past research indicates that a history of depression and exposure to abuse and neglect represent some of the most robust predictors of depression in emerging adults. However, studies rarely test the additive or interactive risk associated with these distinct risk factors. In response, the present study explored how these three risk factors (prior depression, abuse, and neglect) synergistically predicted prospective depressive symptoms in a sample of 214 emerging adults (Mage = 21.4 years; SDage = 2.4; 78% females). Subtypes of maltreatment and lifetime history of depression were assessed through semi-structured interviews, and depressive symptoms were assessed annually for three years via self-report measures. The results indicated that for both males and females, a lifetime history of depression, abuse, and neglect-exposure uniquely conferred risk for elevated depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the interaction between neglect and prior depression forecasted increasing depressive symptoms, and a history of abuse also predicted increasing depressive symptoms, but only in females. These findings are contextualized within extant developmental psychopathology theories, and translational implications for trauma-informed depression prevention efforts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Kari N Thomsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Anna Racioppi
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Ballespi
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tamara Sheinbaum
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Thomas R Kwapil
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, USA
| | - Neus Barrantes-Vidal
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Sant Pere Claver - Fundació Sanitària, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Hicks LM, Dayton CJ. Mindfulness and trauma symptoms predict child abuse potential in risk-exposed, men and women during pregnancy. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2019; 90:43-51. [PMID: 30738238 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly a third of adults report childhood trauma in their youth and approximately 700,000 cases of child maltreatment were reported in 2016. Both history of childhood trauma and current trauma symptoms in adults are linked to child maltreatment, although many trauma-exposed individuals are warm and nurturing parents. Identifying resiliency factors in adults with risk factors for harsh parenting may illuminate new pathways to sensitive parenting. Mindfulness is reported to improve trauma and mental health symptoms but the relationship between mindfulness, trauma, and child abuse potential is not yet understood. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between mindfulness, childhood trauma experiences, trauma symptoms and child abuse potential. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Our participants were 102 expectant parents recruiting from obstetric clinics and agencies Detroit, MI (58.8% African American, 27.5% Caucasian). METHOD Bivariate correlations were examined using validated, self-report questionnaires. Significant variables were included in a hierarchical linear regression to identify predicting factors that contribute to child abuse potential scores. RESULTS Significant correlations between child abuse potential with current trauma symptoms (r = .53, p < .01) and mindfulness (r = -.32, p < .01) were found, but no link with past childhood trauma experiences and child abuse potential were identified. The model significantly predicts child abuse potential (ΔR2 = .10, F(5, 96), = 12.48, p < .001). Trauma symptoms (B = .09, p < .001, 95% confidence interval [CI][-.40, -.07]) and mindfulness nonreactivity (B = -.24, p < .01, 95% CI[.05, .14]) predicted higher potential for child abuse scores. CONCLUSION Findings suggest increased mindfulness, especially nonreactivity to one's own thoughts, may be an important factor to protect against child abuse potential. Interventions to increase parental mindfulness may reduce child abuse potential and improve child well-being, but further mechanistic research is needed to determine this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel M Hicks
- Wayne State University, School of Social Work, Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Carolyn J Dayton
- Wayne State University, School of Social Work, Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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