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Rutz A, Wolfender JL. Automated Composition Assessment of Natural Extracts: Untargeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolite Profiling Integrating Semiquantitative Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18010-18023. [PMID: 37949451 PMCID: PMC10683005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling allow unprecedented qualitative coverage of complex biological extract composition. However, the electrospray ionization used in metabolite profiling generates multiple artifactual signals for a single analyte. This leads to thousands of signals per analysis without satisfactory means of filtering those corresponding to abundant constituents. Generic approaches are therefore needed for the qualitative and quantitative annotation of a broad range of relevant constituents. For this, we used an analytical platform combining liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD). We established a generic metabolite profiling for the concomitant recording of qualitative MS data and semiquantitative CAD profiles. The MS features (recorded in high-resolution tandem MS) are grouped and annotated using state-of-the-art tools. To efficiently attribute features to their corresponding extracted and integrated CAD peaks, a custom signal pretreatment and peak-shape comparison workflow is built. This strategy allows us to automatically contextualize features at both major and minor metabolome levels, together with a detailed reporting of their annotation including relevant orthogonal information (taxonomy, retention time). Signals not attributed to CAD peaks are considered minor metabolites. Results are illustrated on an ethanolic extract of Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst., a bitter plant of industrial interest, exhibiting the typical complexity of plant extracts as a proof of concept. This generic qualitative and quantitative approach paves the way to automatically assess the composition of single natural extracts of interest or broader collections, thus facilitating new ingredient registrations or natural-extracts-based drug discovery campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Rutz
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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2
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Neto JCR, Vieira LR, de Aquino Ribeiro JA, de Sousa CAF, Júnior MTS, Abdelnur PV. Metabolic effect of drought stress on the leaves of young oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plants using UHPLC-MS and multivariate analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18271. [PMID: 34521943 PMCID: PMC8440612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The expansion of the oil palm in marginal areas can face challenges, such as water deficit, leading to an impact on palm oil production. A better understanding of the biological consequences of abiotic stresses on this crop can result from joint metabolic profiling and multivariate analysis. Metabolic profiling of leaves was performed from control and stressed plants (7 and 14 days of stress). Samples were extracted and analyzed on a UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-HRMS system. Acquired data were processed using XCMS Online and MetaboAnalyst for multivariate and pathway activity analysis. Metabolism was affected by drought stress through clear segregation between control and stressed groups. More importantly, metabolism changed through time, gradually from 7 to 14 days. The pathways most affected by drought stress were: starch and sucrose metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. The analysis of the metabolic profile were efficient to correlate and differentiate groups of oil palm plants submitted to different levels of drought stress. Putative compounds and their affected pathways can be used in future multiomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Candido Rodrigues Neto
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.,Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rios Vieira
- Graduate Program of Plant Biotechnology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil.,Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
| | | | | | - Manoel Teixeira Souza Júnior
- Graduate Program of Plant Biotechnology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil.,Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Verardi Abdelnur
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil. .,Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil.
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Saleem H, Khurshid U, Sarfraz M, Tousif MI, Alamri A, Anwar S, Alamri A, Ahmad I, Abdallah HH, Mahomoodally FM, Ahemad N. A comprehensive phytochemical, biological, toxicological and molecular docking evaluation of Suaeda fruticosa (L.) Forssk.: An edible halophyte medicinal plant. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112348. [PMID: 34144099 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Suaeda fruticosa is an edible medicinal halophyte known for its traditional uses. In this study, methanol and dichloromethane extracts of S. fruticosa were explored for phytochemical, biological and toxicological parameters. Total phenolic and flavonoid constituents were determined by using standard aluminum chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, and UHPLC-MS analysis of methanol extract was performed for tentative identification of secondary metabolites. Different standard methods like DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and metal chelation assays were utilized to find out the antioxidant potential of extracts. Enzyme inhibition studies of extracts against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, α-amylase and, α-glucosidase enzymes were also studied. Likewise, the cytotoxicity was also assessed against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and DU-145 cell lines. The higher phenolic and flavonoids contents were observed in methanol extracts which can be correlated to its higher radical scavenging potential. Similarly, 11 different secondary metabolites were tentatively identified by UHPLC profiling. Both the extract showed significant inhibition against all the enzymes except for α-glucosidase. Moreover, docking studies were also performed against the tested enzymes. In the case of cytotoxicity, both the samples were found moderately toxic against the tested cell lines. This plant can be explored further for its potential therapeutic and edible uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Saleem
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan; School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Umair Khurshid
- Bahawalpur College of Pharmacy, Bahawalpur Medical and Dental College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Abdulwahab Alamri
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhakeem Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hassan H Abdallah
- Chemistry Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Fawzi M Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Mauritius
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Rodrigues-Neto JC, Correia MV, Souto AL, Ribeiro JADA, Vieira LR, Souza MT, Rodrigues CM, Abdelnur PV. Metabolic fingerprinting analysis of oil palm reveals a set of differentially expressed metabolites in fatal yellowing symptomatic and non-symptomatic plants. Metabolomics 2018; 14:142. [PMID: 30830392 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1436-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oil palm (E. guineensis), the most consumed vegetable oil in the world, is affected by fatal yellowing (FY), a condition that can lead to the plant's death. Although studies have been performed since the 1980s, including investigations of biotic and abiotic factors, FY's cause remains unknown and efforts in researches are still necessary. OBJECTIVES This work aims to investigate the metabolic expression in plants affected by FY using an untargeted metabolomics approach. METHOD Metabolic fingerprinting analysis of oil palm leaves was performed using ultra high liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS). Chemometric analysis, using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), was applied to data analysis. Metabolites identification was performed by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), MS/MS experiments and comparison with databases and literature. RESULTS Metabolomics analysis based on MS detected more than 50 metabolites in oil palm leaf samples. PCA and PLS-DS analysis provided group segregation and classification of symptomatic and non-symptomatic FY samples, with a great external validation of the results. Nine differentially expressed metabolites were identified as glycerophosphorylcholine, arginine, asparagine, apigenin 6,8-di-C-hexose, tyramine, chlorophyllide, 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, proline and malvidin 3-glucoside-5-(6″-malonylglucoside). Metabolic pathways and biological importance of those metabolites were assigned. CONCLUSION Nine metabolites were detected in a higher concentration in non-symptomatic FY plants. Seven are related to stress factors i.e. plant defense and nutrient absorption, which can be affected by the metabolic depression of these compounds. Two of those metabolites (glycerophosphorylcholine and 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine) are presented as potential biomarkers, since they have no known direct relation to plant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Candido Rodrigues-Neto
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, W3 Norte, PqEB, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Mauro Vicentini Correia
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, W3 Norte, PqEB, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Augusto Lopes Souto
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, W3 Norte, PqEB, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia Rios Vieira
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, W3 Norte, PqEB, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Manoel Teixeira Souza
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, W3 Norte, PqEB, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Clenilson Martins Rodrigues
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, W3 Norte, PqEB, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Verardi Abdelnur
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agroenergy, W3 Norte, PqEB, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil.
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.
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Liang Y, Zhao W, Wang C, Wang Z, Wang Z, Zhang J. A Comprehensive Screening and Identification of Genistin Metabolites in Rats Based on Multiple Metabolite Templates Combined with UHPLC-HRMS Analysis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081862. [PMID: 30049985 PMCID: PMC6222673 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Genistin, an isoflavone belonging to the phytoestrogen family, has been reported to possess various therapeutic effects. In the present study, the genistin metabolites in rats were investigated by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometer in both positive and negative ion modes. Firstly, the data sets were obtained based on data-dependent acquisition method and then 10 metabolite templates were established based on the previous reports. Then diagnostic product ions (DPIs) and neutral loss fragments (NLFs) were proposed to efficiently screen and ascertain the major-to-trace genistin metabolites. Meanwhile, the calculated Clog P values were used to identify the positional isomers with different retention times. Consequently, a total of 64 metabolites, including prototype drug, were positively or putatively characterized. Among them, 40 metabolites were found according to the templates of genistin and genistein, which was the same as the previous research method. After using other metabolite templates, 24 metabolites were added. The results demonstrated that genistin mainly underwent methylation, hydrogenation, hydroxylation, glucosylation, glucuronidation, sulfonation, acetylation, ring-cleavage and their composite reactions in vivo biotransformation. In conclusion, the research not only revealed the genistein metabolites and metabolic pathways in vivo comprehensively, but also proposed a method based on multiple metabolite templates to screen and identify metabolites of other natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyue Liang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Chenxiao Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zijian Wang
- Beijing Research Institution of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Beijing Research Institution of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Beijing Research Institution of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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7
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Ghosson H, Schwarzenberg A, Jamois F, Yvin JC. Simultaneous untargeted and targeted metabolomics profiling of underivatized primary metabolites in sulfur-deficient barley by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. PLANT METHODS 2018; 14:62. [PMID: 30061918 PMCID: PMC6056915 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomics based on mass spectrometry analysis are increasingly applied in diverse scientific domains, notably agronomy and plant biology, in order to understand plants' behaviors under different stress conditions. In fact, these stress conditions are able to disrupt many biosynthetic pathways that include mainly primary metabolites. Profiling and quantifying primary metabolites remain a challenging task because they are poorly retained in reverse phase columns, due to their high polarity and acid-base properties. The aim of this work is to develop a simultaneous untargeted/targeted profiling of amino acids, organic acids, sulfur metabolites, and other several metabolites. This method will be applied on sulfur depleted barley, in order to study this type of stress, which is difficult to detect at early stage. Also, this method aims to explore the impact of this stress on barley's metabolome. RESULTS Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry-based method was successfully applied to real samples allowing to discriminate, detect, and quantify primary metabolites in short-runs without any additional sampling step such as derivatization or ion pairing. The retention of polar metabolites was successfully achieved using modified C18 columns with high reproducibility (relative standard deviation below 10%). The quantification method showed a high sensitivity and robustness. Furthermore, high resolution mass spectrometry detection provided reliable quantification based on exact mass, eliminating potential interferences, and allowing the simultaneous untargeted metabolomics analysis. The untargeted data analysis was conducted using Progenesis QI software, performing alignment, peak picking, normalization and multivariate analysis. The simultaneous analysis provided cumulative information allowing to discriminate between two plant batches. Thus, discriminant biomarkers were identified and validated. Simultaneously, quantification confirmed coherently the relative abundance of these biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS A fast and innovated simultaneous untargeted/targeted method has successfully been developed and applied to sulfur deficiency on barley. This work opens interesting perspectives in both fundamental and applied research. Biomarker discovery give precious indication to understand plant behavior during a nutritional deficiency. Thus, direct or indirect measurement of these compounds allows a real time fertilization management and encounter the challenges of sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmat Ghosson
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation Roullier (CMI), 18 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 35400 Saint-Malo, France
- 2UFR Sciences et Propriétés de la Matière, Université de Rennes 1, 2 rue du Thabor, CS 46510, 35065 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Adrián Schwarzenberg
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation Roullier (CMI), 18 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 35400 Saint-Malo, France
| | - Frank Jamois
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation Roullier (CMI), 18 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 35400 Saint-Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation Roullier (CMI), 18 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 35400 Saint-Malo, France
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8
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La Barbera G, Capriotti AL, Cavaliere C, Montone CM, Piovesana S, Samperi R, Zenezini Chiozzi R, Laganà A. Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry for the analysis of phytochemicals in vegetal-derived food and beverages. Food Res Int 2017; 100:28-52. [PMID: 28873689 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The recent years witnessed a change in the perception of nutrition. Diet does not only provide nutrients to meet the metabolic requirements of the body, but it also constitutes an active way for the consumption of compounds beneficial for human health. Fruit and vegetables are an excellent source of such compounds, thus the growing interest in characterizing phytochemical sources, structures and activities. Given the interest for phytochemicals in food, the development of advanced and suitable analytical techniques for their identification is fundamental for the advancement of food research. In this review, the state of the art of phytochemical research in food plants is described, starting from sample preparation, throughout extract clean-up and compound separation techniques, to the final analysis, considering both qualitative and quantitative investigations. In this regard, from an analytical point of view, fruit and vegetable extracts are complex matrices, which greatly benefit from the use of modern hyphenated techniques, in particular from the combination of high performance liquid chromatography separation and high resolution mass spectrometry, powerful tools which are being increasingly used in the recent years. Therefore, selected applications to real samples are presented and discussed, in particular for the analysis of phenols, polyphenols and phenolic acids. Finally, some hot points are discussed, such as waste characterization for high value-compounds recovery and the untargeted metabolomics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia La Barbera
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Samperi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Laganà
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Si-Hung L, Causon TJ, Hann S. Comparison of fully wettable RPLC stationary phases for LC-MS-based cellular metabolomics. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2287-2295. [PMID: 28691762 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Reversed-phase LC combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is one of the most popular methods for cellular metabolomics studies. Due to the difficulties in analyzing a wide range of polarities encountered in the metabolome, 100%-wettable reversed-phase materials are frequently used to maximize metabolome coverage within a single analysis. Packed with silica-based sub-3 μm diameter particles, these columns allow high separation efficiency and offer a reasonable compromise for metabolome coverage within a single analysis. While direct performance comparison can be made using classical chromatographic characterization approaches, a comprehensive assessment of the column's performance for cellular metabolomics requires use of a full LC-HRMS workflow in order to reflect realistic study conditions used for cellular metabolomics. In this study, a comparison of several reversed-phase LC columns for metabolome analysis using such a dedicated workflow is presented. All columns were tested under the same analytical conditions on an LC-TOF-MS platform using a variety of authentic metabolite standards and biotechnologically relevant yeast cell extracts. Data on total workflow performance including retention behavior, peak capacity, coverage, and molecular feature extraction repeatability from these columns are presented with consideration for both nontargeted screening and differential metabolomics workflows using authentic standards and Pichia pastoris cell extract samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Si-Hung
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU Vienna), Vienna, Austria
| | - Tim J Causon
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU Vienna), Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Hann
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU Vienna), Vienna, Austria
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Farag MA, Ammar NM, Kholeif TE, Metwally NS, El-Sheikh NM, Wessjohann LA, Abdel-Hamid AZ. Rats' urinary metabolomes reveal the potential roles of functional foods and exercise in obesity management. Food Funct 2017; 8:985-996. [PMID: 28197590 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01753c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of the metabolic changes in obese individuals still presents a challenge for the understanding of obesity-related metabolic disruptions and for obesity management. In this study, a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based metabolomics approach targeting urine metabolism has been applied to assess the potential roles of functional foods and exercise for obesity management in rats. Male albino rats diagnosed as obese via histopathology and biochemical assays were administered functional foods in common use for obesity management including pomegranate, grapefruit, and red cabbage juice extracts in parallel with swimming exercise. Urine samples were collected from these rats, and likewise from healthy control animals, for metabolite analysis using (GC-MS) coupled to multivariate data analysis. The results revealed a significant elevation in oxalate and phosphate levels in obese rat urine concurrent with lower lactate levels as compared to the control group. Furthermore, and to pinpoint the bioactive agents in the administered functional foods, ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) was employed for secondary metabolite profiling. The different phenolic classes found in the examined functional foods, viz. ellagitannins in pomegranate, flavanones in grapefruit and flavonols in red cabbage, are likely to mediate their anti-obesity effects. The results indicate that these functional foods and exercise were quite effective in reverting obesity-related metabolic disruptions back to normal status, as revealed by orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - N M Ammar
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - T E Kholeif
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
| | - N S Metwally
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N M El-Sheikh
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Dept. Bioorganic Chemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - A Z Abdel-Hamid
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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de Villiers A, Venter P, Pasch H. Recent advances and trends in the liquid-chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of flavonoids. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1430:16-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Panusa A, Petrucci R, Marrosu G, Multari G, Gallo FR. UHPLC-PDA-ESI-TOF/MS metabolic profiling of Arctostaphylos pungens and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi. A comparative study of phenolic compounds from leaf methanolic extracts. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 115:79-88. [PMID: 25702282 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to get a rapid metabolic fingerprinting and to gain insight into the metabolic profiling of Arctostaphylos pungens H. B. K., a plant morphologically similar to Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. (bearberry) but with a lower arbutin (Arb) content. According to the European Pharmacopoeia the Arb content in the dried leaf of A. uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. must be at least 7% (wt/wt) but other species, like A. pungens, are unintentionally or fraudulently marketed instead of it. Therefore, methanolic leaf extracts of nine A. uva-ursi and six A. pungens samples labeled and marketed as "bearberry leaf" have been analyzed. A five-minute gradient with a UHPLC-PDA-ESI-TOF/MS on an Acquity BEH C18 (50×2.1 mm i.d.) 1.7 μm analytical column has been used for the purpose. A comprehensive assignment of secondary metabolites has been carried out in a comparative study of the two species. Among twenty-nine standards of natural compounds analyzed, fourteen have been identified, while other fifty-five metabolites have been tentatively assigned. Moreover, differences in both metabolic fingerprinting and profiling have been evidenced by statistical multivariate analysis. Specifically, main variations have been observed in the relative content for Arb, as expected, and for some galloyl derivative like tetra- and pentagalloylglucose more abundant in A. uva-ursi than in A. pungens. Furthermore, differences in flavonols profile, especially in myricetin and quercetin glycosilated derivatives, were observed. Based on principal component analysis myricetrin, together with a galloyl arbutin isomer and a disaccharide are herein proposed as distinctive metabolites for A. pungens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Panusa
- Dipartimento del Farmaco, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Rita Petrucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria SBAI, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via del Castro Laurenziano 7, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Marrosu
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria SBAI, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via del Castro Laurenziano 7, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Multari
- Dipartimento del Farmaco, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Gallo
- Dipartimento del Farmaco, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy
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Liu H, Jeong J, Kao YH, Zhang YT. Characterization of free thiol variants of an IgG1 by reversed phase ultra high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 109:142-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Wolfender JL, Marti G, Thomas A, Bertrand S. Current approaches and challenges for the metabolite profiling of complex natural extracts. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1382:136-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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16
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Kaufmann A. Combining UHPLC and high-resolution MS: A viable approach for the analysis of complex samples? Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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17
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Farag MA, Mohsen M, Heinke R, Wessjohann LA. Metabolomic fingerprints of 21 date palm fruit varieties from Egypt using UPLC/PDA/ESI–qTOF-MS and GC–MS analyzed by chemometrics. Food Res Int 2014; 64:218-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Farag MA, Abdelfattah MS, Badr SE, Wessjohann LA. Profiling the chemical content of Ficus lyrata extracts via UPLC-PDA-qTOF-MS and chemometrics. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:1549-56. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.926353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini 11562, Egypt
| | | | - Sherif E.A. Badr
- Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agriculture Researchers Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ludger A. Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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19
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Spaggiari D, Fekete S, Eugster PJ, Veuthey JL, Geiser L, Rudaz S, Guillarme D. Contribution of various types of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry instruments to band broadening in fast analysis. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1310:45-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Coupling ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry: Constraints and possible applications. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1292:2-18. [PMID: 23062879 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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21
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Tchoumtchoua J, Njamen D, Mbanya JC, Skaltsounis AL, Halabalaki M. Structure-oriented UHPLC-LTQ Orbitrap-based approach as a dereplication strategy for the identification of isoflavonoids from Amphimas pterocarpoides crude extract. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:561-575. [PMID: 23674281 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hyphenated techniques and especially ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) are nowadays widely employed in natural products research. However, the complex nature of plant extracts complicates considerably the analysis and the identification of their constituents. Nevertheless, new MS analyzers with increased resolving power and accuracy such as the orbital trap (Orbitrap) could facilitate drastically this process. The objective of this study is the development of a new structure-oriented approach based on fast UHPLC-high-resolution (HR)MS and HRMS/MS methodologies for the identification of isoflavonoids in crude extracts. In addition, aims to assist dereplication procedures, to decrease the laborious isolation steps and orient the focused isolation of compounds of interest. As a proof of concept, the methanol extract of the stem bark of Amphimas pterocarpoides (Leguminosae) was selected. Based on chromatographic (retention time, polarity) and spectrometric features (ultraviolet spectra, accurate m/z, proposed elemental composition, ring double bond equivalent, and relative isotopic abundance) as well as HRMS/MS spectra, several isoflavonoids were identified. In order to verify the proposed structures, 11 isoflavonoids were selectively isolated and unambiguously identified using 1&2D nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Moreover, the isolated isoflavonoids were studied in HRMS/MS level, employing electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization sources, in both modes. Useful information regarding their fragmentation patterns was obtained, and characteristic diagnostic ions were defined for the identification of methoxylated isoflavones, dihydroisoflavones and 5-hydroxylated isoflavonoids. Based on the current results, the proposed dereplication strategy was verified and could comprise a novel approach for the analysis of crude extracts in the future not only for isoflavonoids but also for other chemical classes of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Job Tchoumtchoua
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
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22
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Detection of metabolite induction in fungal co-cultures on solid media by high-throughput differential ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry fingerprinting. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1292:219-28. [PMID: 23466199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Access to new biological sources is a key element of natural product research. A particularly large number of biologically active molecules have been found to originate from microorganisms. Very recently, the use of fungal co-culture to activate the silent genes involved in metabolite biosynthesis was found to be a successful method for the induction of new compounds. However, the detection and identification of the induced metabolites in the confrontation zone where fungi interact remain very challenging. To tackle this issue, a high-throughput UHPLC-TOF-MS-based metabolomic approach has been developed for the screening of fungal co-cultures in solid media at the petri dish level. The metabolites that were overexpressed because of fungal interactions were highlighted by comparing the LC-MS data obtained from the co-cultures and their corresponding mono-cultures. This comparison was achieved by subjecting automatically generated peak lists to statistical treatments. This strategy has been applied to more than 600 co-culture experiments that mainly involved fungal strains from the Fusarium genera, although experiments were also completed with a selection of several other filamentous fungi. This strategy was found to provide satisfactory repeatability and was used to detect the biomarkers of fungal induction in a large panel of filamentous fungi. This study demonstrates that co-culture results in consistent induction of potentially new metabolites.
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Profiling of phenolic constituents in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. by combination of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1292:121-31. [PMID: 23246090 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and effective method was developed for characterization of phenolic constituents in the roots of Polygonum multiflorum by combination of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap). Stilbenes, anthraquinones, tannins and naphthalenes were differentiated by diagnostic fragment ions with accurate mass measurements and characteristic fragmentation pathways. Based on the proposed strategy, fifty-nine constituents were characterized or tentatively identified, of which twenty-two constituents were the first to be reported in P. multiflorum and twelve compounds were characterized as potential new compounds. The identification and structure elucidation of these chemicals provided essential data for further phytochemical studies and quality control of P. multiflorum. The results also demonstrated that our novel method can be extended to screen and characterize other phenolic constituents and their metabolites in botanical extracts.
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24
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Peak capacity optimisation for high resolution peptide profiling in complex mixtures by liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Application to the Conus consors cone snail venom. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1259:187-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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25
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Al-Massarani SM, Bertrand S, Nievergelt A, El-Shafae AM, Al-Howiriny TA, Al-Musayeib NM, Cuendet M, Wolfender JL. Acylated pregnane glycosides from Caralluma sinaica. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 79:129-40. [PMID: 22595360 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Caralluma sinaica is sold on local markets of Saudi Arabia for various health benefits however no phytochemical study has specifically been performed on this species. NMR and UHPLC-ESI-TOF-MS profilings of the ethanolic extract of the whole plant reveal a very complex phytochemical composition dominated by pregnanes. Detailed information on its constituents was obtained after isolation. Six pregnane glycosides were obtained and characterized based on the extensive spectroscopic analysis (including IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and MS data), in addition to ten known compounds (seven pregnanes and three flavonoids). The compounds were identified as 12β-O-benzoyl-20-O-acetyl boucerin-3-O-6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside, 12β-O-tigloyl-20-O-acetyl boucerin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside, 12β-O-benzoyl-20-O-acetyl boucerin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-digitalopyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside, 12β-O-benzoyl-20-O-acetyl boucerin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-hevetopyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside, 12β-O-benzoyl-20-O-tigloyl boucerin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside, 12β-20-O-dibenzoyl boucerin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1-->4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside. Finally, the isolated compounds were evaluated for their quinone reductase induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaza M Al-Massarani
- King Saud University, College of Pharmacy, Dept. of Pharmacognosy, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Fekete S, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. New trends in reversed-phase liquid chromatographic separations of therapeutic peptides and proteins: theory and applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 69:9-27. [PMID: 22475515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical field, there is considerable interest in the use of peptides and proteins for therapeutic purposes. There are various ways to characterize such complex samples, but during the last few years, a significant number of technological developments have been brought to the field of RPLC and RPLC-MS. Thus, the present review focuses first on the basics of RPLC for peptides and proteins, including the inherent problems, some possible solutions and some directions for developing a new RPLC method that is dedicated to biomolecules. Then the latest advances in RPLC, such as wide-pore core-shell particles, fully porous sub-2 μm particles, organic monoliths, porous layer open tubular columns and elevated temperature, are described and critically discussed in terms of both kinetic efficiency and selectivity. Numerous applications with real samples are presented that confirm the relevance of these different strategies. Finally, one of the key advantages of RPLC for peptides and proteins over other historical approaches is its inherent compatibility with MS using both MALDI and ESI sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Fekete
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Bd d'Yvoy 20, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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27
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Yang Y, Grubb MF, Luk CE, Humphreys WG, Josephs JL. Quantitative estimation of circulating metabolites without synthetic standards by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/high resolution accurate mass spectrometry in combination with UV correction. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:3245-3251. [PMID: 22006386 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An early assessment of metabolite exposure in preclinical species can provide quantitative estimation on possible active or toxic metabolites. Frequently, synthetic metabolite standards are not available at the preclinical stage, precluding the quantitation of metabolites by means of calibration curves and quality control (QC) samples. We present here an approach to determine the extent of circulating metabolites using 'metabolite standards' generated by in vitro incubations in combination with the correction for mass spectrometry response based on UV response. The study was done by coupling ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) to LTQ-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the quantitation was based on full scan high-resolution accurate mass analysis in combination with retention time. First, we investigated the separation capacity of a 10.5 min UHPLC method and the quantitative capability of an LTQ-Orbitrap for full scan accurate mass quantitation by spiking chemical standards of buspirone and its six metabolites in blank plasma. Then we demonstrated the use of a UV correction approach to quantitatively estimate buspirone and its metabolites in plasma samples from a rat pharmacokinetics study. We compared the concentration versus time profiles of buspirone and its six metabolites in rat plasma samples obtained using three different approaches, including using UV correction, using individual standard curves for each metabolite prepared from the synthetic standard, and using a calibration curve of the parent compound buspirone. We demonstrated the estimated metabolite exposure of buspirone using this UV correction approach resulted in rank ordering of metabolite exposure within three-fold of the value obtained with metabolite standards, in contrast to eight-fold without UV correction. The approach presented in this paper provides a practical solution to an unmet bioanalytical need for quantitative information on metabolites without standards in preclinical in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanou Yang
- Biotransformation Department, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, NJ 08534, USA.
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Calza P, Medana C, Raso E, Giancotti V, Minero C. Characterization of phenazone transformation products on light-activated TiO2 surface by high-resolution mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:2923-2932. [PMID: 21913271 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The paper examines the transformation of phenazone (2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one), a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug, under simulated solar irradiation in pure water, using titanium dioxide, and in river water. High-resolution mass spectrometry was employed to monitor the evolution of photoinduced processes. Initially, laboratory experiments were performed to simulate drug-transformation pathways in aqueous solution, using TiO(2) as photocatalyst. Thirteen main phenazone transformation products were detected, and full analysis of their MS and MS(n) spectra identified the diverse isobaric species. All these transformation products were themselves easily degraded, and no compounds were recognized to remain until 1h of irradiation. From these findings, a tentative degradation pathway is proposed to account for the photoinduced transformation of phenazone in natural waters. These simulation experiments were verified in the field, seeking phenazone in River Po water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Calza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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29
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Ito T, Odake T, Katoh H, Yamaguchi Y, Aoki M. High-throughput profiling of microbial extracts. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:983-988. [PMID: 21495658 DOI: 10.1021/np100859a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Microbial culture extracts are used for natural products screening in the drug lead discovery process. An extract of a microbial culture is a complex mixture of organic compounds, making it difficult to evaluate the diversity and redundancy of the compounds. However, having a diverse extract library is a key to success in generating a lead for drug discovery. We have developed a high-throughput and robust LC-MS analysis and data processing method for visualizing sample profile and diversity. In the LC-MS analysis of 16 025 microbial culture extracts, positive and negative ions were acquired simultaneously with an electrospray ionization source. The raw data were processed using ACD IntelliXtract, and peak lists of each extract were generated and stored in the database. The peak list data were binned by nominal mass (m/z 150-1350) and retention time. How frequently the binned peaks, termed peak identifiers, appeared in the extracts library was calculated, and these data were visualized by scattered plots in Spotfire. From 4 to 115 peaks were observed in each sample. As it is easy to eliminate the ubiquitous peaks shown in most samples and simplify the plots, the unique or redundant compounds could be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ito
- Discovery Science & Technology Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa 247-8530 Japan.
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30
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Causon TJ, Broeckhoven K, Hilder EF, Shellie RA, Desmet G, Eeltink S. Kinetic performance optimisation for liquid chromatography: Principles and practice. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:877-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Uliyanchenko E, Schoenmakers PJ, van der Wal S. Fast and efficient size-based separations of polymers using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1509-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Cunliffe JM, Dreyer DP, Hayes RN, Clement RP, Shen JX. Using temperature to optimize resolution and reduce analysis times for bioanalytical diastereomer LC–MS/MS separations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 54:179-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ruta J, Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL. Comparison of columns packed with porous sub-2 microm particles and superficially porous sub-3 microm particles for peptide analysis at ambient and high temperature. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2465-77. [PMID: 20658489 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate various chromatographic approaches for peptide analysis. Initially, the ultra-HPLC (UHPLC) strategy, which consists of using columns packed with sub-2 microm particles at a maximal pressure of 1000 bar, was tested. To limit the backpressure generated by small particles, columns packed with superficially porous sub-3 microm particles (fused-core technology) that should theoretically improve mass transfer, particularly beneficial for large biomolecules, were investigated. To evaluate these claims, kinetic plots were constructed in both isocratic and gradient modes at ambient and elevated temperature (up to 90 degrees C). For peptide analysis, both UHPLC and fused-core technologies showed a significant gain in peak capacity when compared with conventional HPLC using 5 mum particles and monolithic supports. Additionally, it has been shown that high temperature was of utmost interest to further improve kinetic performance and peak shape due to the improvement of secondary interaction kinetics. Finally, the best conditions developed for UHPLC using the gradient kinetic plot methodology were applied to the analysis of a complex tryptic digest of various proteins. The expected and experimental peak capacity values obtained were similar. In addition, the resolving power of UHPLC at 60 degrees C was appropriate for resolving complex mixtures of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Ruta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
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Nicoli R, Martel S, Rudaz S, Wolfender JL, Veuthey JL, Carrupt PA, Guillarme D. Advances in LC platforms for drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2010; 5:475-89. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441003733874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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35
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High-efficiency hydrophilic interaction chromatography by coupling 25cm×4.6mm ID×5μm silica columns and operation at 80°C. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:514-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2009] [Revised: 11/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Guillarme D, Ruta J, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL. New trends in fast and high-resolution liquid chromatography: a critical comparison of existing approaches. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 397:1069-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 11/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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37
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Wolfender JL, Glauser G, Boccard J, Rudaz S. MS-based Plant Metabolomic Approaches for Biomarker Discovery. Nat Prod Commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0900401019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics, which aims at the comprehensive and quantitative analysis of wide arrays of metabolites in biological samples, is playing an increasingly important role in plant science. Various biological issues have been successfully studied by this holistic approach that includes global metabolite composition assessment, mutant characterization, taxonomy, developmental processes, stress response, interaction with environment, quality control assessment and mode of action of herbal medicine. This review summarizes the main mass spectrometry methods used for performing these studies and discusses the potential, but also the current limitations of the various approaches. The intention is not to cover exhaustively the field, which has considerably grown over about one decade, but to give a brief insight into the methods commonly employed and discuss some applications that reveal the potential of metabolomics in phytochemistry and systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Wolfender
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 30, quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Gaetan Glauser
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 30, quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 20, Bd d'Yvoy, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Julien Boccard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 20, Bd d'Yvoy, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 20, Bd d'Yvoy, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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