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Kim KH, Lee JE, Lee JC, Maharjan R, Oh H, Lee K, Kim NA, Jeong SH. Optimization of HPLCCAD method for simultaneous analysis of different lipids in lipid nanoparticles with analytical QbD. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464375. [PMID: 37734240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Since lipid nanoparticles (LNP) have emerged as a potent drug delivery system, the objective of this study was to develop and optimize a robust high-performance liquid chromatography with charged aerosol detectors (HPLCCAD) method to simultaneously quantify different lipids in LNPs using the analytical quality by design (AQbD) approach. After defining analytical target profile (ATP), critical method attributes (CMAs) were established as a resolution between the closely eluting lipid peaks and the total analysis time. Thus, potential high-risk method parameters were identified through the initial risk assessment. These parameters were screened using Plackett-Burman design, and three critical method parameters (CMPs)-MeOH ratio, flow rate, and column temperature-were selected for further optimization. Box-Behnken design was employed to develop the quadratic models that explain the relationship between the CMPs and CMAs and to determine the optimal operating conditions. Moreover, to ensure the robustness of the developed method, a method operable design region (MODR) was established using the Monte Carlo simulation. The MODR was identified within the probability map, where the risk of failure to achieve the desired CMAs was less than 1%. The optimized method was validated according to the ICH guidelines (linearity: R2 > 0.995, accuracy: 97.15-100.48% recovery, precision: RSD < 5%) and successfully applied for the analysis of the lipid in the LNP samples. The development of the analytical method to quantify the lipids is essential for the formulation development and quality control of LNP-based drugs since the potency of LNPs is significantly dependent on the compositions and contents of the lipids in the formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Kim
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Chul Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ravi Maharjan
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Oh
- Inventage Lab Inc., Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13438, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Ah Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Fait F, Wagner S, Steinbach JC, Kandelbauer A, Mayer HA. Tailoring the Morphology of Monodisperse Mesoporous Silica Particles Using Different Alkoxysilanes as Silica Precursors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11729. [PMID: 37511487 PMCID: PMC10380632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The hard template method for the preparation of monodisperse mesoporous silica microspheres (MPSMs) has been established in recent years. In this process, in situ-generated silica nanoparticles (SNPs) enter the porous organic template and control the size and pore parameters of the final MPSMs. Here, the sizes of the deposited SNPs are determined by the hydrolysis and condensation rates of different alkoxysilanes in a base catalyzed sol-gel process. Thus, tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), tetrapropyl orthosilicate (TPOS) and tetrabutyl orthosilicate (TBOS) were sol-gel processed in the presence of amino-functionalized poly (glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (p(GMA-co-EDMA)) templates. The size of the final MPSMs covers a broad range of 0.5-7.3 µm and a median pore size distribution from 4.0 to 24.9 nm. Moreover, the specific surface area can be adjusted between 271 and 637 m2 g-1. Also, the properties and morphology of the MPSMs differ according to the SNPs. Furthermore, the combination of different alkoxysilanes allows the individual design of the morphology and pore parameters of the silica particles. Selected MPSMs were packed into columns and successfully applied as stationary phases in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the separation of various water-soluble vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Fait
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Reutlingen Research Institute, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstrasse 150, 72762 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Wagner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia C Steinbach
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Reutlingen Research Institute, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstrasse 150, 72762 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kandelbauer
- Process Analysis and Technology (PA&T), Reutlingen Research Institute, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstrasse 150, 72762 Reutlingen, Germany
- Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable Materials, Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering (MAP), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann A Mayer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Diffusion of gold nanoparticles in porous silica monoliths determined by dynamic light scattering. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 641:251-264. [PMID: 36933471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The applicability of the dynamic light scattering method for the determination of particle diffusivity under confinement without applying refractive index matching was not adequately explored so far. The confinement effect on particle diffusion in a porous material which is relevant for particle chromatography has also not yet been fully characterized. EXPERIMENTS Dynamic light scattering experiments were performed for unimodal dispersions of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid-capped gold nanoparticles. Diffusion coefficients of gold nanoparticles in porous silica monoliths were determined without limiting refractive index matching fluids. Comparative experiments were also performed with the same nanoparticles and porous silica monolith but applying refractive index matching. FINDINGS Two distinct diffusivities could be determined inside the porous silica monolith, both smaller than that in free media, showing a slowing-down of the diffusion processes of nanoparticles under confinement. While the larger diffusivity can be related to the slightly slowed-down diffusion of particles in the bulk of the pores and in the necks connecting individual pores, the smaller diffusivity might be related to the diffusion of particles near the pore walls. It shows that the dynamic light scattering method with a heterodyne detection scheme can be used as a reliable and competitive tool for determining particle diffusion under confinement.
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Song Y, Dong X, Shang D, Zhang X, Li X, Liang X, Wang S. Unusual Nanofractal Microparticles for Rapid Protein Capture and Release. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102802. [PMID: 34322996 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ion exchange porous microparticles are widely used for protein separation, but their totally porous structure often leads to slow diffusion rate and long separation time. Here unusual nanofractal microparticles synthesized by a strategy of electrostatic interaction regulated emulsion interfacial polymerization are demonstrated that exhibit excellent capability of rapid protein capture, release, and separation. The growth of nanostructures at nanofractal microparticle surface can be controlled by changing electrostatic repulsion between ion groups from weak to strong. The nanofractal microparticles provide a 3D contact model between ion groups and proteins, enable fast protein diffusion rate at initial capture and release stage, and realize rapid and efficient separation of similarly sized proteins as a proof of concept, superior to porous microparticles. This strategy offers an effective and general way for the synthesis of microparticles towards rapid and efficient separation in various fields of biomedicine, environment, and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xuefang Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Danyi Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Efficient Sub-1 Minute Analysis of Selected Biomarker Catecholamines by Core-Shell Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC) with Nanomolar Detection at a Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) Electrode. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8080124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid, sensitive method for the separation of catecholamine biomarkers (CAs), of importance in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and in Parkinson’s disease (PD), has been successfully developed using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). Dopamine (DA), epinephrine (EPI), and norepinephrine (NE) are known to be three to fivefold elevated above normal in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. HILIC facilitates the rapid and efficient separation of these polar biomarkers, which can be poorly retained by reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), while electrochemical detection (ECD) at the boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode provides enhanced nanomolar detection. Three HILIC columns were compared, namely the superficially porous (core-shell) Z-HILIC column and the Z-cHILIC and Z-HILIC fully porous columns. The core-shell Z-HILIC showed the highest efficiency with a rapid separation within 60 s. The HILIC method utilizing the core-shell Z-HILIC column was initially optimized for the simultaneous analysis of DA, EPI, and NE using UV detection. The advantages of using the BDD electrode over UV detection were explored, and the improved limits of detection (LODs, S/N = 3) measured were 40, 50, and 50 nM for DA, EPI, and NE, respectively. Method validation is reported in terms of the linearity, repeatability, reproducibility, and LODs. Furthermore, the proposed method was successfully applied to the real sample analysis of urinary CAs following phenylboronic acid (PBA) solid phase extraction (SPE) pretreatment.
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Lardeux H, Duivelshof BL, Colas O, Beck A, McCalley DV, Guillarme D, D’Atri V. Alternative mobile phase additives for the characterization of protein biopharmaceuticals in liquid chromatography – Mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1156:338347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Luo C, DeStefano JJ, Langlois TJ, Boyes BE, Schuster SA, Godinho JM. Fundamental to achieving fast separations with high efficiency: A review of chromatography with superficially porous particles. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5087. [PMID: 33566360 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Types of particles have been fundamental to LC separation technology for many years. Originally, LC columns were packed with large-diameter (>100 μm) calcium carbonate, silica gel, or alumina particles that prohibited fast mobile-phase speeds because of the slow diffusion of sample molecules inside deep pores. During the birth of HPLC in the 1960s, superficially porous particles (SPP, ≥30 μm) were developed as the first high-speed stationary-phase support structures commercialized, which permitted faster mobile-phase flowrates due to the fast movement of sample molecules in/out of the thin shells. These initial SPPs were displaced by smaller totally porous particles (TPP) in the mid-1970s. But SPP history repeated when UHPLC emerged in the 2000s. Stationary-phase support structures made from sub-3-μm SPPs were introduced to chromatographers in 2006. The initial purpose of this modern SPP was to enable chromatographers to achieve fast separations with high efficiency using conventional HPLCs. Later, the introduction of sub-2-μm SPPs with UHPLC instruments pushed the separation speed and efficiency to a very fast zone. This review aims at providing readers a comprehensive and up-to-date view on the advantages of SPP materials over TPPs historically and theoretically from the material science angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuping Luo
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | | | | | - Barry E Boyes
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
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Broeckhoven K, Desmet G. Advances and Innovations in Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phase Supports. Anal Chem 2020; 93:257-272. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Broeckhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemical Engineering (CHIS), Faculty of Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G. Desmet
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemical Engineering (CHIS), Faculty of Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Bagge J, Enmark M, Leśko M, Limé F, Fornstedt T, Samuelsson J. Impact of stationary-phase pore size on chromatographic performance using oligonucleotide separation as a model. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1634:461653. [PMID: 33171435 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A combined experimental and theoretical study was performed to understand how the pore size of packing materials with pores 60-300 Å in size affects the separation of 5-50-mer oligonucleotides. For this purpose, we developed a model in which the solutes were described as thin rods to estimate the accessible surface area of the solute as a function of the pore size and solute size. First, an analytical investigation was conducted in which we found that the selectivity increased by a factor of 2.5 when separating 5- and 15-mer oligonucleotides using packing with 300 Å rather than 100 Å pores. We complemented the analytical investigation by theoretically demonstrating how the selectivity is dependent on the column's accessible surface area as a function of solute size. In the preparative investigation, we determined adsorption isotherms for oligonucleotides using the inverse method for separations of a 9- and a 10-mer. We found that preparative columns with a 60 Å-pore-size packing material provided a 10% increase in productivity as compared with a 300 Å packing material, although the surface area of the 60 Å packing is as much as five time larger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Bagge
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Martin Enmark
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Marek Leśko
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | | | - Torgny Fornstedt
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden.
| | - Jörgen Samuelsson
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden.
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Gumustas M, Zalewski P, Ozkan SA, Uslu B. The History of the Core–Shell Particles and Applications in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Via Liquid Chromatography. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Chen J, Zhu L, Ren L, Teng C, Wang Y, Jiang B, He J. Fabrication of Monodisperse Porous Silica Microspheres with a Tunable Particle Size and Pore Size for Protein Separation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:604-612. [PMID: 34996193 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monodisperse porous silica microspheres with a tunable particle size and pore size were fabricated by utilizing porous polymer microspheres as a novel hard template during the sol-gel process followed by calcination to remove the polymer. The particle size and pore size could be simply tuned by the feature of the polymer template and reaction conditions such as different functionalization of the parent polymer template, particle size of polymer template, and amount of TEOS during the sol-gel process. EDA (ethylenediamine), APTES (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, and TMA (trimethylamine hydrochloride) functionalization of porous poly(GMA-co-EGDMA) microspheres were carried out to study their effect on the synthesized porous silica microspheres. The TMA-functionalized polymer microspheres led to a higher yield, smaller silica nanoparticles, and no self-nucleation of TEOS due to their positive surface charge. Furthermore, no addition of NaOH during TMA functionalization and the amount of TEOS during the sol-gel process played key roles in determining the pore size and particle size of porous silica microspheres. Then, through poly(aspartic acid) coating of the APTES-functionalized monodisperse porous silica microspheres, the modified monodisperse porous silica microspheres were explored as the stationary phase of HPLC for protein separation. The effects of particle size and pore size on the chromatographic behavior were discussed. When the protein mixture composed of transferrin, hemoglobin, ribonuclease A, cytochrome C, and lysozyme was used as the model analytes, the as-prepared silica microspheres exhibited an excellent separation performance with a high protein recovery and good reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbing Ren
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Teng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Biwang Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Weiguang Biological Products Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
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12
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Chen W, Mack A, Sachok B, Jiang K, Wang X. Performance of Optimized Wide Pore Superficially Porous Particles for Separation of Proteins and Immunoglobulin G Antibodies. J Chromatogr Sci 2018. [PMID: 29522182 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmy016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we studied the chromatographic performance of this newly developed wide pore superficially porous particles (SPPs) with 3.5 μm particle size and 450 Å pore size, for the separation of proteins and Immunoglobulin G antibodies. We studied the selectivity of different phases (C4, SB-C18 and Diphenyl), the effect of temperature, column carryover and column chemical lifetime. We also compared our SPPs with other wide pore SPPs in similar particle sizes and sub 2 µ wide pore totally porous particles by van Deemter studies and gradient separations of proteins and immunoglobulin G antibodies. The results showed that the SPPs containing larger pore size gave better chromatographic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Chen
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2850 Centerville Road, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA
| | - Anne Mack
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2850 Centerville Road, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA
| | - Bo Sachok
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2850 Centerville Road, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA
| | - Kunqiang Jiang
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2850 Centerville Road, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2850 Centerville Road, Wilmington, DE 19808, USA
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Synthesis of SiO 2 @SiO 2 core-shell microspheres using urea-formaldehyde polymers as the templates for fast separation of small solutes and proteins. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Intraparticle and interstitial flow in wide-pore superficially porous and fully porous particles. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Ahmed A, Skinley K, Herodotou S, Zhang H. Core-shell microspheres with porous nanostructured shells for liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:99-124. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haifei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
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16
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Brusotti G, Calleri E, Colombo R, Massolini G, Rinaldi F, Temporini C. Advances on Size Exclusion Chromatography and Applications on the Analysis of Protein Biopharmaceuticals and Protein Aggregates: A Mini Review. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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17
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Wagner BM, Schuster SA, Boyes BE, Shields TJ, Miles WL, Haynes MJ, Moran RE, Kirkland JJ, Schure MR. Superficially porous particles with 1000Å pores for large biomolecule high performance liquid chromatography and polymer size exclusion chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1489:75-85. [PMID: 28213987 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To facilitate mass transport and column efficiency, solutes must have free access to particle pores to facilitate interactions with the stationary phase. To ensure this feature, particles should be used for HPLC separations which have pores sufficiently large to accommodate the solute without restricted diffusion. This paper describes the design and properties of superficially porous (also called Fused-Core®, core shell or porous shell) particles with very large (1000Å) pores specifically developed for separating very large biomolecules and polymers. Separations of DNA fragments, monoclonal antibodies, large proteins and large polystyrene standards are used to illustrate the utility of these particles for efficient, high-resolution applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Wagner
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Rd., Ste. 1-K, Quillen Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - Stephanie A Schuster
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Rd., Ste. 1-K, Quillen Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA.
| | - Barry E Boyes
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Rd., Ste. 1-K, Quillen Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - Taylor J Shields
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Rd., Ste. 1-K, Quillen Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - William L Miles
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Rd., Ste. 1-K, Quillen Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - Mark J Haynes
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Rd., Ste. 1-K, Quillen Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - Robert E Moran
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Rd., Ste. 1-K, Quillen Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - Joseph J Kirkland
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Rd., Ste. 1-K, Quillen Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - Mark R Schure
- Theoretical Separation Science Laboratory, Kroungold Analytical, Inc., 1299 Butler Pike, Blue Bell, PA 19422, USA
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Schure MR, Moran RE. Size exclusion chromatography with superficially porous particles. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1480:11-19. [PMID: 28007299 PMCID: PMC5266604 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A comparison is made using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) of synthetic polymers between fully porous particles (FPPs) and superficially porous particles (SPPs) with similar particle diameters, pore sizes and equal flow rates. Polystyrene molecular weight standards with a mobile phase of tetrahydrofuran are utilized for all measurements conducted with standard HPLC equipment. Although it is traditionally thought that larger pore volume is thermodynamically advantageous in SEC for better separations, SPPs have kinetic advantages and these will be shown to compensate for the loss in pore volume compared to FPPs. The comparison metrics include the elution range (smaller with SPPs), the plate count (larger for SPPs), the rate production of theoretical plates (larger for SPPs) and the specific resolution (larger with FPPs). Advantages to using SPPs for SEC are discussed such that similar separations can be conducted faster using SPPs. SEC using SPPs offers similar peak capacities to that using FPPs but with faster operation. This also suggests that SEC conducted in the second dimension of a two-dimensional liquid chromatograph may benefit with reduced run time and with equivalently reduced peak width making SPPs advantageous for sampling the first dimension by the second dimension separator. Additional advantages are discussed for biomolecules along with a discussion of optimization criteria for size-based separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Schure
- Theoretical Separation Science Laboratory, Kroungold Analytical, Inc., 1299 Butler Pike, Blue Bell, PA, 19422 USA.
| | - Robert E Moran
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Road, Suite 1-K, Quillen Building, Wilmington, DE, 19810, USA
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19
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Zhou M, Shen L, Lin X, Hong Y, Feng Y. Design and pharmaceutical applications of porous particles. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06829h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous particles have been developed as a novel carrier to improve drug delivery, dissolution, tableting, and so on, which can be prepared by many methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhou
- College of Chinese Materia Medica
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education
| | - Lan Shen
- College of Chinese Materia Medica
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Chinese Materia Medica
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yanlong Hong
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yi Feng
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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20
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Mant CT, Hodges RS. Separation of Peptides on HALO 2‐Micron Particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 85:11.6.1-11.6.16. [DOI: 10.1002/cpps.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin T. Mant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine Aurora Colorado
| | - Robert S. Hodges
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine Aurora Colorado
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21
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Core-Shell Columns in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Food Analysis Applications. Int J Anal Chem 2016; 2016:3189724. [PMID: 27143972 PMCID: PMC4842074 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3189724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased separation efficiency provided by the new technology of column packed with core-shell particles in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has resulted in their widespread diffusion in several analytical fields: from pharmaceutical, biological, environmental, and toxicological. The present paper presents their most recent applications in food analysis. Their use has proved to be particularly advantageous for the determination of compounds at trace levels or when a large amount of samples must be analyzed fast using reliable and solvent-saving apparatus. The literature hereby described shows how the outstanding performances provided by core-shell particles column on a traditional HPLC instruments are comparable to those obtained with a costly UHPLC instrumentation, making this novel column a promising key tool in food analysis.
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22
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Close ED, Nwokeoji AO, Milton D, Cook K, Hindocha DM, Hook EC, Wood H, Dickman MJ. Nucleic acid separations using superficially porous silica particles. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1440:135-144. [PMID: 26948761 PMCID: PMC4801196 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ion pair reverse-phase liquid chromatography has been widely employed for nucleic acid separations. A wide range of alternative stationary phases have been utilised in conjunction with ion pair reverse-phase chromatography, including totally porous particles, non-porous particles, macroporous particles and monolithic stationary phases. In this study we have utilised superficially porous silica particles in conjunction with ion pair reverse-phase liquid chromatography for the analysis of nucleic acids. We have investigated a range of different pore-sizes and phases for the analysis of a diverse range of nucleic acids including oligonucleotides, oligoribonucleotides, phosphorothioate oligonucleotides and high molecular weight dsDNA and RNA. The pore size of the superficially porous silica particles was shown to significantly affect the resolution of the nucleic acids. Optimum separations of small oligonucleotides such as those generated in RNase mapping experiments were obtained with 80Å pore sizes and can readily be interfaced with mass spectrometry analysis. Improved resolution of larger oligonucleotides (>19mers) was observed with pore sizes of 150Å. The optimum resolution for larger dsDNA/RNA molecules was achieved using superficially porous silica particles with pore sizes of 400Å. Furthermore, we have utilised 150Å pore size solid-core particles to separate typical impurities of a fully phosphorothioated oligonucleotide, which are often generated in the synthesis of this important class of therapeutic oligonucleotide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth D Close
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Alison O Nwokeoji
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Dafydd Milton
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Stafford House, Boundary Way, Hemel Hempstead HP2 7GE, UK
| | - Ken Cook
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Stafford House, Boundary Way, Hemel Hempstead HP2 7GE, UK
| | - Darsha M Hindocha
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Elliot C Hook
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Helen Wood
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Mark J Dickman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
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23
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Fekete S, Rodriguez-Aller M, Cusumano A, Hayes R, Zhang H, Edge T, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Prototype sphere-on-sphere silica particles for the separation of large biomolecules. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1431:94-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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24
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Tanaka N, McCalley DV. Core–Shell, Ultrasmall Particles, Monoliths, and Other Support Materials in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2015; 88:279-98. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David V. McCalley
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Frenchay, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K
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25
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Chen W, Jiang K, Mack A, Sachok B, Zhu X, Barber WE, Wang X. Synthesis and optimization of wide pore superficially porous particles by a one-step coating process for separation of proteins and monoclonal antibodies. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1414:147-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Gritti F, Guiochon G. The quantitative impact of the mesopore size on the mass transfer mechanism of the new 1.9 μm fully porous Titan-C18 particles II – Analysis of biomolecules. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1392:10-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Comparison of core–shell particles and sub-2μm fully porous particles for use as ultrafast second dimension columns in two-dimensional liquid chtomatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1386:31-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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28
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Core–shell particles: Preparation, fundamentals and applications in high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1357:36-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Nischang I. Impact of biomolecule solute size on the transport and performance characteristics of analytical porous polymer monoliths. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1354:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Determination of the pore size distribution of high-performance liquid chromatography stationary phases via inverse size exclusion chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1339:110-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Kim H, Terazono H, Takei H, Yasuda K. DNA hybridization efficiency on concave surface nano-structure in hemispherical Janus nanocups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:1272-1280. [PMID: 24512025 DOI: 10.1021/la403557g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of a concave structure on DNA hybridization efficiency using an inner surface of hemispherical Janus nanocups in the range from 140 to 800 nm. Target DNA was specifically immobilized onto the inner cup surface, hybridized with complementary DNA-attached 20 nm Au probes, and the number of the hybridized probes was counted by scanning electron microscopy. The hybridization density of the attached Au probes on 800 nm nanocups was 255 μm(-2), which was 0.57 times that on a flat surface, 449 μm(-2), and increased to 394 μm(-2) on a 140 nm cup, 0.88 times of a flat surface, as the cup size decreased. The local density of attached Au probes within the central 25% at the bottom of the 800 nm nanocups was 444 μm(-2), which was closer to that on a flat surface, and the tendency was the same for all sizes of cups, indicating that the size dependency of DNA hybridization efficiency on the concave structures were mostly affected by the lower efficiency of side wall hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyonchol Kim
- Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology , KSP East 310, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan
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32
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Sepsey A, Bacskay I, Felinger A. Molecular theory of size exclusion chromatography for wide pore size distributions. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1331:52-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Borges EM, Rostagno MA, Meireles MAA. Sub-2 μm fully porous and partially porous (core–shell) stationary phases for reversed phase liquid chromatography. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45418e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for increased throughput and superior performance has increased the demand for stationary phases with improved kinetic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endler M. Borges
- Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC)
- Núcleo Biotecnológico. Rua Paese
- Videira-SC, Brasil
| | - Mauricio A. Rostagno
- LASEFI
- Department of Food Engineering
- School of Food Engineering
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
- Campinas, Brazil
| | - M. Angela A. Meireles
- LASEFI
- Department of Food Engineering
- School of Food Engineering
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
- Campinas, Brazil
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34
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Li Q, Tu X, Ye J, Bie Z, Bi X, Liu Z. Nanoconfining affinity materials for pH-mediated protein capture–release. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01269k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the nanoconfinement effect, two new affinity materials that have a pH-responsive capture–release ability for proteins were developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xueying Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zijun Bie
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiaodong Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
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35
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Chambers EE, Fountain KJ, Smith N, Ashraf L, Karalliedde J, Cowan D, Legido-Quigley C. Multidimensional LC-MS/MS Enables Simultaneous Quantification of Intact Human Insulin and Five Recombinant Analogs in Human Plasma. Anal Chem 2013; 86:694-702. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403055d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Chambers
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins
Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
- Waters Centre for Innovation in Separation Science, Analytical & Environmental Science Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth J. Fountain
- Waters Corporation, 34 Maple
Street, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | - Norman Smith
- Waters Centre for Innovation in Separation Science, Analytical & Environmental Science Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Leah Ashraf
- Cardiovascular
Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford
Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Janaka Karalliedde
- Cardiovascular
Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford
Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - David Cowan
- Drug Control Centre, Analytical & Environmental Science Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Legido-Quigley
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins
Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
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36
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Schuster SA, Wagner BM, Boyes BE, Kirkland JJ. Optimized superficially porous particles for protein separations. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1315:118-26. [PMID: 24094750 PMCID: PMC8214819 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Continuing interest in larger therapeutic molecules by pharmaceutical and biotech companies provides the need for improved tools for examining these molecules both during the discovery phase and later during quality control. To meet this need, larger pore superficially porous particles with appropriate surface properties (Fused-Core(®) particles) have been developed with a pore size of 400 Å, allowing large molecules (<500 kDa) unrestricted access to the bonded phase. In addition, a particle size (3.4 μm) is employed that allows high-efficiency, low-pressure separations suitable for potentially pressure-sensitive proteins. A study of the shell thickness of the new fused-core particles suggests a compromise between a short diffusion path and high efficiency versus adequate retention and mass load tolerance. In addition, superior performance for the reversed-phase separation of proteins requires that specific design properties for the bonded-phase should be incorporated. As a result, columns of the new particles with unique bonded phases show excellent stability and high compatibility with mass spectrometry-suitable mobile phases. This report includes fast separations of intact protein mixtures, as well as examples of very high-resolution separations of larger monoclonal antibody materials and associated variants. Investigations of protein recovery, sample loading and dynamic range for analysis are shown. The advantages of these new 400 Å fused-core particles, specifically designed for protein analysis, over traditional particles for protein separations are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Schuster
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Road, Suite 1-K, Quillen Building, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA.
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37
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Fekete S, Dong MW, Zhang T, Guillarme D. High resolution reversed phase analysis of recombinant monoclonal antibodies by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography column coupling. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 83:273-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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38
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Guijarro-Díez M, García MC, Marina ML, Crego AL. LC-ESI-TOF MS method for the evaluation of the immunostimulating activity of soybeans via the determination of the functional peptide soymetide. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3611-8. [PMID: 23495886 DOI: 10.1021/jf305159m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides content in foodstuffs can seriously vary with many factors such as crop variety, food processing, animal breeding, etc. Because of this variability, quantitative methodologies are required to evaluate the content of bioactive peptides in foodstuffs. Progress in liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry technologies offer a great opportunity for the quantitation of bioactive peptides. This study undertook the development of a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry method using a fused-core technology column for the sensitive and unambiguous determination of the immunostimulating peptide soymetide in soybean varieties. Soymetide precursor protein (α' subunit of β-conglycinin) was extracted with a Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) containing urea and digested with trypsin. Soymetide separation conditions by reversed phase liquid chromatography (ion-pairing reagent, organic modifier, separation column, and elution gradient) and detection by MS were optimized, and a study of soymetide stability was also conducted. The method selectivity having been demonstrated, the linearity, accuracy, precision, and limits of detection and quantitation were evaluated. The developed method enabled the detection and quantitation of soymetide concentrations in the ppb range (7.5 ng/mL and 25 ng/mL, respectively), and about 30 times lower than those detected and determined in a previous work by capillary liquid chromatography with UV detection. These values could allow the quantitation of only 17 μg of soymetide per gram of soybean. The developed methodology was applied to the quantitation of soymetide in different soybean varieties from Europe, Japan, and USA observing great differences in soymetide content that ranged from 40 to 600 μg per gram of soybean depending on the soybean variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Guijarro-Díez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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39
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Kirkland JJ, Schuster SA, Johnson WL, Boyes BE. Fused-core particle technology in high-performance liquid chromatography: An overview. J Pharm Anal 2013; 3:303-312. [PMID: 29403832 PMCID: PMC5760966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of superficially porous particles (SPPs) for packed HPLC columns has changed the way that many practitioners have approached the problem of developing needed separations. The very high efficiency of such columns, combined with convenient operating conditions, modest back pressures and the ability to use conventional HPLC instruments has resulted in intense basic studies of SPP technology, and widespread applications in many sciences. This report contains an overview of the SPP technology first developed in 2006 by Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., for sub-3-μm particles, then expanded into a family of SPP products with different particle sizes, pore sizes and other physical parameters. This approach was designed so that each particle of the family could be optimized for separating a particular group of compounds, usually based on solute size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Kirkland
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Road, Suite 1-K, Quillen Building, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - Stephanie A Schuster
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Road, Suite 1-K, Quillen Building, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - William L Johnson
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Road, Suite 1-K, Quillen Building, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA
| | - Barry E Boyes
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., 3521 Silverside Road, Suite 1-K, Quillen Building, Wilmington, DE 19810, USA.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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