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Heng JG, Zhang J, Bonetti L, Lim WPH, Vuust P, Agres K, Chen SHA. Understanding music and aging through the lens of Bayesian inference. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105768. [PMID: 38908730 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Bayesian inference has recently gained momentum in explaining music perception and aging. A fundamental mechanism underlying Bayesian inference is the notion of prediction. This framework could explain how predictions pertaining to musical (melodic, rhythmic, harmonic) structures engender action, emotion, and learning, expanding related concepts of music research, such as musical expectancies, groove, pleasure, and tension. Moreover, a Bayesian perspective of music perception may shed new insights on the beneficial effects of music in aging. Aging could be framed as an optimization process of Bayesian inference. As predictive inferences refine over time, the reliance on consolidated priors increases, while the updating of prior models through Bayesian inference attenuates. This may affect the ability of older adults to estimate uncertainties in their environment, limiting their cognitive and behavioral repertoire. With Bayesian inference as an overarching framework, this review synthesizes the literature on predictive inferences in music and aging, and details how music could be a promising tool in preventive and rehabilitative interventions for older adults through the lens of Bayesian inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Gladys Heng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Centre for Research and Development in Learning, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Leonardo Bonetti
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus, Aalborg, Denmark; Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Peter Vuust
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kat Agres
- Centre for Music and Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Yong Siew Toh Conservatory of Music, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shen-Hsing Annabel Chen
- School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Centre for Research and Development in Learning, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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2
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Sendesen E, Colak H. Neural markers associated with improved tinnitus perception after tinnitus retraining therapy. Int J Audiol 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39037049 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2024.2378800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) has been widely used in tinnitus management. However, its efficacy is often assessed through subjective methods. Here, we aimed to assess potential neural changes following TRT using mismatch negativity (MMN). DESIGN Chronic tinnitus (>6 months) patients participated in a six-month TRT program. We collected tinnitus psychoacoustic features and gathered the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) before and after TRT. We also used a multi-featured paradigm, including frequency, intensity, duration, location and silent gap deviants, to elicit MMN response before and after TRT. Data were analyzed retrospectively. STUDY SAMPLE The study involved 26 chronic tinnitus patients. RESULTS Post-TRT measurements showed that MMN amplitudes significantly increased for all deviant conditions (p ≤ .03). However, we did not find a significant difference in MMN latencies for all deviant conditions (p ≥ .13). The THI scores of the patients significantly decreased following the TRT program (p < 0.001). Our results reveal improved subjective tinnitus perception following the TRT program. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that TRT might be a viable alternative in tinnitus management. The greater MMN amplitudes and improved subjective tinnitus perception raise the possibility that MMN can be a useful tool in tinnitus research and tinnitus patient follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eser Sendesen
- Department of Audiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Colak
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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3
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Ebert S, Buffet T, Sermet BS, Marre O, Cessac B. Temporal pattern recognition in retinal ganglion cells is mediated by dynamical inhibitory synapses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6118. [PMID: 39033142 PMCID: PMC11271269 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A fundamental task for the brain is to generate predictions of future sensory inputs, and signal errors in these predictions. Many neurons have been shown to signal omitted stimuli during periodic stimulation, even in the retina. However, the mechanisms of this error signaling are unclear. Here we show that depressing inhibitory synapses shape the timing of the response to an omitted stimulus in the retina. While ganglion cells, the retinal output, responded to an omitted flash with a constant latency over many frequencies of the flash sequence, we found that this was not the case once inhibition was blocked. We built a simple circuit model and showed that depressing inhibitory synapses were a necessary component to reproduce our experimental findings. A new prediction of our model is that the accuracy of the constant latency requires a sufficient amount of flashes in the stimulus, which we could confirm experimentally. Depressing inhibitory synapses could thus be a key component to generate the predictive responses observed in the retina, and potentially in many brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ebert
- INRIA Biovision Team, Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France.
- Institute for Modeling in Neuroscience and Cognition (NeuroMod), Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut De La Vision, Paris, France.
| | - Thomas Buffet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut De La Vision, Paris, France
| | - B Semihcan Sermet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut De La Vision, Paris, France
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Marre
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut De La Vision, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Cessac
- INRIA Biovision Team, Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
- Institute for Modeling in Neuroscience and Cognition (NeuroMod), Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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4
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Savalle E, Pillette L, Won K, Argelaguet F, Lécuyer A, J-M Macé M. Towards electrophysiological measurement of presence in virtual reality through auditory oddball stimuli. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:046015. [PMID: 38936392 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad5cc2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Presence is an important aspect of user experience in virtual reality (VR). It corresponds to the illusion of being physically located in a virtual environment (VE). This feeling is usually measured through questionnaires that disrupt presence, are subjective and do not allow for real-time measurement. Electroencephalography (EEG), which measures brain activity, is increasingly used to monitor the state of users, especially while immersed in VR.Approach.In this paper, we present a way of evaluating presence, through the measure of the attention dedicated to the real environment via an EEG oddball paradigm. Using breaks in presence, this experimental protocol constitutes an ecological method for the study of presence, as different levels of presence are experienced in an identical VE.Main results.Through analysing the EEG data of 18 participants, a significant increase in the neurophysiological reaction to the oddball, i.e. the P300 amplitude, was found in low presence condition compared to high presence condition. This amplitude was significantly correlated with the self-reported measure of presence. Using Riemannian geometry to perform single-trial classification, we present a classification algorithm with 79% accuracy in detecting between two presence conditions.Significance.Taken together our results promote the use of EEG and oddball stimuli to monitor presence offline or in real-time without interrupting the user in the VE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Savalle
- Univ. Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, F35000 Rennes, France
| | - Léa Pillette
- Univ. Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, F35000 Rennes, France
| | - Kyungho Won
- Inria, Univ. Rennes, IRISA, CNRS, F35000 Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Marc J-M Macé
- Univ. Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, F35000 Rennes, France
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Lindner E, Desantis A, Cheng FPH, Gail A. Violation of identity-specific action-effect prediction increases pupil size and attenuates auditory event-related potentials at P2 latencies when action-effects are behaviorally relevant. Neuroimage 2024; 297:120717. [PMID: 38971482 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-initiated sensory action effects are widely assumed to lead to less intense perception and reduced neural responses compared to externally triggered stimuli (sensory attenuation). However, it is unclear if sensory attenuation occurs in all cases of action-effect prediction. Specifically, when predicted action-effects are relevant to determine follow-up actions attenuation could be detrimental. We quantified auditory event-related potentials (ERP) in electroencephalography (EEG) when human participants created two-sound sequences by pressing two keys on a keyboard associated with different pitch, giving rise to identity-specific action-effect prediction after the first keypress. The first sound corresponded to (congruent) or violated (incongruent) the predicted pitch and was either relevant for the selection of the second keypress to correctly complete the sequence (Relevance) or irrelevant (Control Movement), or there was only one keypress and sound (Baseline). We found a diminished P2-timed ERP component in incongruent compared to congruent trials when the sound was relevant for the subsequent action. This effect of action-effect prediction was due to an ERP reduction for incongruent relevant sounds compared to incongruent irrelevant sounds at P2 latencies and correlated negatively with modulations of pupil dilation. Contrary to our expectation, we did not observe an N1 modulation by congruency in any condition. Attenuation of the N1 component seems absent for predicted identity-specific auditory action effects, while P2-timed ERPs as well as pupil size are sensitive to predictability, at least when action effects are relevant for the selection of the next action. Incongruent relevant stimuli thereby take a special place and seem to be subject to attentional modulations and error processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Lindner
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August University, Wilhelm-Weber-Str. 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Andrea Desantis
- The French Aerospace Lab ONERA, Département Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes, BA 701 13661 Salon Cedex AIR, 13661 Salon-de-Provence, France; Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (UMR 7289), CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, 27, boulevard Jean Moulin, F-13005 Marseille, France; INCC - Integrative Neuroscience & Cognition Center UMR 8002, CNRS, Université de Paris, 45 Rue des Saint-Pères, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Felicia Pei-Hsin Cheng
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Germany
| | - Alexander Gail
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August University, Wilhelm-Weber-Str. 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Criel Y, Depuydt E, Miatton M, Santens P, van Mierlo P, De Letter M. Cortical Generators and Connections Underlying Phoneme Perception: A Mismatch Negativity and P300 Investigation. Brain Topogr 2024:10.1007/s10548-024-01065-z. [PMID: 38958833 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-024-01065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The cortical generators of the pure tone MMN and P300 have been thoroughly studied. Their nature and interaction with respect to phoneme perception, however, is poorly understood. Accordingly, the cortical sources and functional connections that underlie the MMN and P300 in relation to passive and active speech sound perception were identified. An inattentive and attentive phonemic oddball paradigm, eliciting a MMN and P300 respectively, were administered in 60 healthy adults during simultaneous high-density EEG recording. For both the MMN and P300, eLORETA source reconstruction was performed. The maximal cross-correlation was calculated between ROI-pairs to investigate inter-regional functional connectivity specific to passive and active deviant processing. MMN activation clusters were identified in the temporal (insula, superior temporal gyrus and temporal pole), frontal (rostral middle frontal and pars opercularis) and parietal (postcentral and supramarginal gyrus) cortex. Passive discrimination of deviant phonemes was aided by a network connecting right temporoparietal cortices to left frontal areas. For the P300, clusters with significantly higher activity were found in the frontal (caudal middle frontal and precentral), parietal (precuneus) and cingulate (posterior and isthmus) cortex. Significant intra- and interhemispheric connections between parietal, cingulate and occipital regions constituted the network governing active phonemic target detection. A predominantly bilateral network was found to underly both the MMN and P300. While passive phoneme discrimination is aided by a fronto-temporo-parietal network, active categorization calls on a network entailing fronto-parieto-cingulate cortices. Neural processing of phonemic contrasts, as reflected by the MMN and P300, does not appear to show pronounced lateralization to the language-dominant hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Criel
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Emma Depuydt
- Medical Imaging and Signal Processing Group, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marijke Miatton
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Santens
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter van Mierlo
- Medical Imaging and Signal Processing Group, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miet De Letter
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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7
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Hauswald A, Benz KR, Hartmann T, Demarchi G, Weisz N. Carrier-frequency specific omission-related neural activity in ordered sound sequences is independent of omission-predictability. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:3812-3820. [PMID: 38711271 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Regularities in our surroundings lead to predictions about upcoming events. Previous research has shown that omitted sounds during otherwise regular tone sequences elicit frequency-specific neural activity related to the upcoming but omitted tone. We tested whether this neural response is depending on the unpredictability of the omission. Therefore, we recorded magnetencephalography (MEG) data while participants listened to ordered or random tone sequences with omissions occurring either ordered or randomly. Using multivariate pattern analysis shows that the frequency-specific neural pattern during omission within ordered tone sequences occurs independent of the regularity of the omissions. These results suggest that the auditory predictions based on sensory experiences are not immediately updated by violations of those expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Hauswald
- Center of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Kaja Rosa Benz
- Center of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Hartmann
- Center of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gianpaolo Demarchi
- Center of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nathan Weisz
- Center of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Clinic, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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8
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Tast V, Schröger E, Widmann A. Suppression and omission effects in auditory predictive processing-Two of the same? Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:4049-4062. [PMID: 38764129 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent theories describe perception as an inferential process based on internal predictive models that are adjusted by prediction violations (prediction error). Two different modulations of the auditory N1 event-related brain potential component are often discussed as an expression of auditory predictive processing. The sound-related N1 component is attenuated for self-generated sounds compared to the N1 elicited by externally generated sounds (N1 suppression). An omission-related component in the N1 time-range is elicited when the self-generated sounds are occasionally omitted (omission N1). Both phenomena were explained by action-related forward modelling, which takes place when the sensory input is predictable: prediction error signals are reduced when predicted sensory input is presented (N1 suppression) and elicited when predicted sensory input is omitted (omission N1). This common theoretical account is appealing but has not yet been directly tested. We manipulated the predictability of a sound in a self-generation paradigm in which, in two conditions, either 80% or 50% of the button presses did generate a sound, inducing a strong or a weak expectation for the occurrence of the sound. Consistent with the forward modelling account, an omission N1 was observed in the 80% but not in the 50% condition. However, N1 suppression was highly similar in both conditions. Thus, our results demonstrate a clear effect of predictability for the omission N1 but not for the N1 suppression. These results imply that the two phenomena rely (at least in part) on different mechanisms and challenge prediction related accounts of N1 suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Tast
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute for Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Erich Schröger
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute for Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Widmann
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute for Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Castejón J, Chen F, Yasoda-Mohan A, Ó Sé C, Vanneste S. Chronic pain - A maladaptive compensation to unbalanced hierarchical predictive processing. Neuroimage 2024; 297:120711. [PMID: 38942099 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability to perceive pain presents an interesting evolutionary advantage to adapt to an ever-changing environment. However, in the case of chronic pain (CP), pain perception hinders the capacity of the system to adapt to changing sensory environments. Similar to other chronic perceptual disorders, CP is also proposed to be a maladaptive compensation to aberrant sensory predictive processing. The local-global oddball paradigm relies on learning hierarchical rules and processing environmental irregularities at a local and global level. Prediction errors (PE) between actual and predicted input typically trigger an update of the forward model to limit the probability of encountering future PEs. It has been hypothesised that CP hinders forward model updating, reflected in increased local deviance and decreased global deviance. In the present study, we used the local-global paradigm to examine how CP influences hierarchical learning relative to healthy controls. As hypothesised, we observed that deviance in the stimulus characteristics evoked heightened local deviance and decreased global deviance of the stimulus-driven PE. This is also accompanied by respective changes in theta phase locking that is correlated with the subjective pain perception. Changes in the global deviant in the stimulus-driven-PE could also be explained by dampened attention-related responses. Changing the context of the auditory stimulus did not however show a difference in the context-driven PE. These findings suggest that CP is accompanied by maladaptive forward model updating where the constant presence of pain perception disrupts local deviance in non-nociceptive domains. Furthermore, we hypothesise that the auditory-processing based biomarker identified here could be a marker of domain-general dysfunction that could be confirmed by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Castejón
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Senior MSK Physiotherapist CompassPhysio LTD, Ireland
| | - Feifan Chen
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anusha Yasoda-Mohan
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colum Ó Sé
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
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10
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Del Fante E, Piovesan F, Sarasso P, Barbieri P, Villa MC, Sacco K, Ronga I. Virtual Social Interaction in a Multiplayer-Online Video Game Increases Implicit Learning: An EEG Study. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024. [PMID: 38905139 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
It is well known that social interaction enhances learning processes, improving abilities such as attention and memorization. However, it is not clear whether similar advantages may be obtained even in virtual environments. Here, we investigate whether virtual interactions in a video game, similarly to real-life social interactions, may improve individuals' performance in a subsequent implicit learning task. Twenty-one healthy participants were asked to play a cooperative video game for 20 minutes in three different gaming modalities: alone (Single-Player); together with someone without verbal interactions (Multi-Player -); and with someone with verbal interactions (Multi-Player +). After each gaming session, participants were presented with an EEG paradigm directed to measure mismatch negativity (MMN) responses, a well-validated index of implicit learning. MMN responses were significantly larger following Multi-Player +, as compared with Single-Player, and Multi-Player - conditions. No significant difference was found between Single-Player, and Multi-Player - conditions. These results indicate that implicit learning processes are enhanced following communicative virtual interactions. Verbal interaction in a virtual environment seems necessary to elicit social copresence and its positive effects on learning performances. This finding may have important implications for the design of virtual rehabilitation protocols and distance learning programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Del Fante
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and behavior changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- "Play Better" Association, Ome, Italy
| | - Francesca Piovesan
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and behavior changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Sarasso
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and behavior changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Barbieri
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and behavior changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria-Chiara Villa
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and behavior changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Katiuscia Sacco
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and behavior changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Irene Ronga
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and behavior changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
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11
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Casanova AF, Ort A, Smallridge JW, Preller KH, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX. The influence of psilocybin on subconscious and conscious emotional learning. iScience 2024; 27:110034. [PMID: 38883812 PMCID: PMC11177198 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics hold promise as a treatment modality for various psychiatric disorders and are currently applied in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. We investigated the learning effects of the serotonin receptor agonist psilocybin in a probabilistic cue-reward task with emotional cues in the form of neutral or fearful faces, presented either consciously or subconsciously. This study represents the first investigation into reinforcement learning with psilocybin. Across different dosages, psilocybin preserved learning effects and was statistically noninferior compared to placebo, while suggesting a higher exploratory behavior. Notably, the 20 mg group exhibited significantly better learning rates against the placebo group. Psilocybin induced inferior results with subconscious cues compared to placebo, and better results with conscious neutral cues in some conditions. These findings suggest that modulating serotonin signaling in the brain with psilocybin sufficiently preservers reinforcement learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F Casanova
- Neurophenomenology of Consciousness Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andres Ort
- Neurophenomenology of Consciousness Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John W Smallridge
- Neurophenomenology of Consciousness Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin H Preller
- Neurophenomenology of Consciousness Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Neurophenomenology of Consciousness Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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12
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Carbajal GV, Casado-Román L, Malmierca MS. Two Prediction Error Systems in the Nonlemniscal Inferior Colliculus: "Spectral" and "Nonspectral". J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1420232024. [PMID: 38627089 PMCID: PMC11154860 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1420-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the predictive processing framework, perception emerges from the reciprocal exchange of predictions and prediction errors (PEs) between hierarchically organized neural circuits. The nonlemniscal division of the inferior colliculus (IC) is the earliest source of auditory PE signals, but their neuronal generators, properties, and functional relevance have remained mostly undefined. We recorded single-unit mismatch responses to auditory oddball stimulation at different intensities, together with activity evoked by two sequences of alternating tones to control frequency-specific effects. Our results reveal a differential treatment of the unpredictable "many-standards" control and the predictable "cascade" control by lemniscal and nonlemniscal IC neurons that is not present in the auditory thalamus or cortex. Furthermore, we found that frequency response areas of nonlemniscal IC neurons reflect their role in subcortical predictive processing, distinguishing three hierarchical levels: (1) nonlemniscal neurons with sharply tuned receptive fields exhibit mild repetition suppression without signaling PEs, thereby constituting the input level of the local predictive processing circuitry. (2) Neurons with broadly tuned receptive fields form the main, "spectral" PE signaling system, which provides dynamic gain compensation to near-threshold unexpected sounds. This early enhancement of saliency reliant on spectral features was not observed in the auditory thalamus or cortex. (3) Untuned neurons form an accessory, "nonspectral" PE signaling system, which reports all surprising auditory deviances in a robust and consistent manner, resembling nonlemniscal neurons in the auditory cortex. These nonlemniscal IC neurons show unstructured and unstable receptive fields that could result from inhibitory input controlled by corticofugal projections conveying top-down predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo V Carbajal
- Cognitive and Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory (CANELAB), Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCYL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Lorena Casado-Román
- Cognitive and Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory (CANELAB), Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCYL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Manuel S Malmierca
- Cognitive and Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory (CANELAB), Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCYL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
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13
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Muñoz-Caracuel M, Muñoz V, Ruiz-Martínez FJ, Vázquez Morejón AJ, Gómez CM. Systemic neurophysiological signals of auditory predictive coding. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14544. [PMID: 38351668 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Predictive coding framework posits that our brain continuously monitors changes in the environment and updates its predictive models, minimizing prediction errors to efficiently adapt to environmental demands. However, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of these predictive phenomena remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the systemic neurophysiological correlates of predictive coding processes during passive and active auditory processing. Electroencephalography (EEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and autonomic nervous system (ANS) measures were analyzed using an auditory pattern-based novelty oddball paradigm. A sample of 32 healthy subjects was recruited. The results showed shared slow evoked potentials between passive and active conditions that could be interpreted as automatic predictive processes of anticipation and updating, independent of conscious attentional effort. A dissociated topography of the cortical hemodynamic activity and distinctive evoked potentials upon auditory pattern violation were also found between both conditions, whereas only conscious perception leading to imperative responses was accompanied by phasic ANS responses. These results suggest a systemic-level hierarchical reallocation of predictive coding neural resources as a function of contextual demands in the face of sensory stimulation. Principal component analysis permitted to associate the variability of some of the recorded signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Muñoz-Caracuel
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Mental Health Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | - Vanesa Muñoz
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Antonio J Vázquez Morejón
- Mental Health Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos M Gómez
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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14
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Sarkar S, Martinez Reyes C, Jensen CM, Gavornik JP. M2 receptors are required for spatiotemporal sequence learning in mouse primary visual cortex. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:1213-1225. [PMID: 38629848 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00016.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that plays a variety of roles in the central nervous system. It was previously shown that blocking muscarinic receptors with a nonselective antagonist prevents a form of experience-dependent plasticity termed "spatiotemporal sequence learning" in the mouse primary visual cortex (V1). Muscarinic signaling is a complex process involving the combined activities of five different G protein-coupled receptors, M1-M5, all of which are expressed in the murine brain but differ from each other functionally and in anatomical localization. Here we present electrophysiological evidence that M2, but not M1, receptors are required for spatiotemporal sequence learning in mouse V1. We show in male mice that M2 is highly expressed in the neuropil in V1, especially in thalamorecipient layer 4, and colocalizes with the soma in a subset of somatostatin-expressing neurons in deep layers. We also show that expression of M2 receptors is higher in the monocular region of V1 than it is in the binocular region but that the amount of experience-dependent sequence potentiation is similar in both regions and that blocking muscarinic signaling after visual stimulation does not prevent plasticity. This work establishes a new functional role for M2-type receptors in processing temporal information and demonstrates that monocular circuits are modified by experience in a manner similar to binocular circuits.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are required for multiple forms of plasticity in the brain and support perceptual functions, but the precise role of the five subtypes (M1-M5) are unclear. Here we show that the M2 receptor is specifically required to encode experience-dependent representations of spatiotemporal relationships in both monocular and binocular regions of mouse V1. This work identifies a novel functional role for M2 receptors in coding temporal information into cortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susrita Sarkar
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Catalina Martinez Reyes
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Cambria M Jensen
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Gavornik
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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15
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Coy N, Bendixen A, Grimm S, Roeber U, Schröger E. Conditional deviant repetition in the oddball paradigm modulates processing at the level of P3a but not MMN. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14545. [PMID: 38366704 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The auditory system has an amazing ability to rapidly encode auditory regularities. Evidence comes from the popular oddball paradigm, in which frequent (standard) sounds are occasionally exchanged for rare deviant sounds, which then elicit signs of prediction error based on their unexpectedness (e.g., MMN and P3a). Here, we examine the widely neglected characteristics of deviants being bearers of predictive information themselves; naive participants listened to sound sequences constructed according to a new, modified version of the oddball paradigm including two types of deviants that followed diametrically opposed rules: one deviant sound occurred mostly in pairs (repetition rule), the other deviant sound occurred mostly in isolation (non-repetition rule). Due to this manipulation, the sound following a first deviant (either the same deviant or a standard) was either predictable or unpredictable based on its conditional probability associated with the preceding deviant sound. Our behavioral results from an active deviant detection task replicate previous findings that deviant repetition rules (based on conditional probability) can be extracted when behaviorally relevant. Our electrophysiological findings obtained in a passive listening setting indicate that conditional probability also translates into differential processing at the P3a level. However, MMN was confined to global deviants and was not sensitive to conditional probability. This suggests that higher-level processing concerned with stimulus selection and/or evaluation (reflected in P3a) but not lower-level sensory processing (reflected in MMN) considers rarely encountered rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Coy
- Wilhelm-Wundt-Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexandra Bendixen
- Cognitive Systems Lab, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Sabine Grimm
- Cognitive Systems Lab, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
- Physics of Cognition Lab, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Urte Roeber
- Wilhelm-Wundt-Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Erich Schröger
- Wilhelm-Wundt-Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany
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16
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Bonetti L, Fernández-Rubio G, Carlomagno F, Dietz M, Pantazis D, Vuust P, Kringelbach ML. Spatiotemporal brain hierarchies of auditory memory recognition and predictive coding. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4313. [PMID: 38773109 PMCID: PMC11109219 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Our brain is constantly extracting, predicting, and recognising key spatiotemporal features of the physical world in order to survive. While neural processing of visuospatial patterns has been extensively studied, the hierarchical brain mechanisms underlying conscious recognition of auditory sequences and the associated prediction errors remain elusive. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we describe the brain functioning of 83 participants during recognition of previously memorised musical sequences and systematic variations. The results show feedforward connections originating from auditory cortices, and extending to the hippocampus, anterior cingulate gyrus, and medial cingulate gyrus. Simultaneously, we observe backward connections operating in the opposite direction. Throughout the sequences, the hippocampus and cingulate gyrus maintain the same hierarchical level, except for the final tone, where the cingulate gyrus assumes the top position within the hierarchy. The evoked responses of memorised sequences and variations engage the same hierarchical brain network but systematically differ in terms of temporal dynamics, strength, and polarity. Furthermore, induced-response analysis shows that alpha and beta power is stronger for the variations, while gamma power is enhanced for the memorised sequences. This study expands on the predictive coding theory by providing quantitative evidence of hierarchical brain mechanisms during conscious memory and predictive processing of auditory sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bonetti
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark.
- Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - G Fernández-Rubio
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark
| | - F Carlomagno
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Dietz
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - D Pantazis
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - P Vuust
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark
| | - M L Kringelbach
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark
- Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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17
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Ishida K, Ishida T, Nittono H. Decoding predicted musical notes from omitted stimulus potentials. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11164. [PMID: 38750185 PMCID: PMC11096333 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61989-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrophysiological studies have investigated predictive processing in music by examining event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by the violation of musical expectations. While several studies have reported that the predictability of stimuli can modulate the amplitude of ERPs, it is unclear how specific the representation of the expected note is. The present study addressed this issue by recording the omitted stimulus potentials (OSPs) to avoid contamination of bottom-up sensory processing with top-down predictive processing. Decoding of the omitted content was attempted using a support vector machine, which is a type of machine learning. ERP responses to the omission of four target notes (E, F, A, and C) at the same position in familiar and unfamiliar melodies were recorded from 25 participants. The results showed that the omission N1 were larger in the familiar melody condition than in the unfamiliar melody condition. The decoding accuracy of the four omitted notes was significantly higher in the familiar melody condition than in the unfamiliar melody condition. These results suggest that the OSPs contain discriminable predictive information, and the higher the predictability, the more the specific representation of the expected note is generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ishida
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Ishida
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nittono
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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18
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Yasoda-Mohan A, Faubert J, Ost J, Kropotov JD, Vanneste S. Investigating sensitivity to multi-domain prediction errors in chronic auditory phantom perception. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11036. [PMID: 38744906 PMCID: PMC11094085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The perception of a continuous phantom in a sensory domain in the absence of an external stimulus is explained as a maladaptive compensation of aberrant predictive coding, a proposed unified theory of brain functioning. If this were true, these changes would occur not only in the domain of the phantom percept but in other sensory domains as well. We confirm this hypothesis by using tinnitus (continuous phantom sound) as a model and probe the predictive coding mechanism using the established local-global oddball paradigm in both the auditory and visual domains. We observe that tinnitus patients are sensitive to changes in predictive coding not only in the auditory but also in the visual domain. We report changes in well-established components of event-related EEG such as the mismatch negativity. Furthermore, deviations in stimulus characteristics were correlated with the subjective tinnitus distress. These results provide an empirical confirmation that aberrant perceptions are a symptom of a higher-order systemic disorder transcending the domain of the percept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Yasoda-Mohan
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jocelyn Faubert
- Faubert Lab, School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jan Ost
- Brain Research Center for Advanced International Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Juri D Kropotov
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Brain Research Center for Advanced International Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Ghent, Belgium.
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19
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Wynn JK, Green MF. An EEG-Based Neuroplastic Approach to Predictive Coding in People With Schizophrenia or Traumatic Brain Injury. Clin EEG Neurosci 2024:15500594241252897. [PMID: 38711326 DOI: 10.1177/15500594241252897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Despite different etiologies, people with schizophrenia (SCZ) or with traumatic brain injury (TBI) both show aberrant neuroplasticity. One neuroplastic mechanism that may be affected is prediction error coding. We used a roving mismatch negativity (rMMN) paradigm which uses different lengths of standard tone trains and is optimized to assess predictive coding. Twenty-five SCZ, 22 TBI (mild to moderate), and 25 healthy controls were assessed. We used a frequency-deviant rMMN in which the number of standards preceding the deviant was either 2, 6, or 36. We evaluated repetition positivity to the standard tone immediately preceding a deviant tone (repetition positivity [RP], to assess formation of the memory trace), deviant negativity to the deviant stimulus (deviant negativity [DN], which reflects signaling of a prediction error), and the difference wave between the 2 (the MMN). We found that SCZ showed reduced DN and MMN compared with healthy controls and with people with mild to moderate TBI. We did not detect impairments in any index (RP, DN, or MMN) in people with TBI compared to controls. Our findings suggest that prediction error coding assessed with rMMN is aberrant in SCZ but intact in TBI, though there is a suggestion that severity of head injury results in poorer prediction error coding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Wynn
- Center on Enhancement of Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael F Green
- Center on Enhancement of Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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20
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Matchin W, Almeida D, Hickok G, Sprouse J. Cortical networks responsive to phrase structure and subject island violations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.05.592579. [PMID: 38746262 PMCID: PMC11092748 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.05.592579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In principle, functional neuroimaging provides uniquely informative data in addressing linguistic questions, because it can indicate distinct processes that are not apparent from behavioral data alone. This could involve adjudicating the source of unacceptability via the different patterns of elicited brain responses to different ungrammatical sentence types. However, it is difficult to interpret brain activations to syntactic violations. Such responses could reflect processes that have nothing intrinsically related to linguistic representations, such as domain-general executive function abilities. In order to facilitate the potential use of functional neuroimaging methods to identify the source of different syntactic violations, we conducted an fMRI experiment to identify the brain activation maps associated with two distinct syntactic violation types: phrase structure (created by inverting the order of two adjacent words within a sentence) and subject islands (created by extracting a wh-phrase out of an embedded subject). The comparison of these violations to control sentences surprisingly showed no indication of a generalized violation response, with almost completely divergent activation patterns. Phrase structure violations seemingly activated regions previously implicated in verbal working memory and structural complexity in sentence processing, whereas the subject islands appeared to activate regions previously implicated in conceptual-semantic processing, broadly defined. We review our findings in the context of previous research on syntactic and semantic violations using event-related potentials. We suggest that functional neuroimaging is a potentially fruitful technique in unpacking the distinct sets of cognitive processes elicited by theoretically-relevant syntactic violations, when interpreted with care and paired with appropriate control conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Matchin
- Dept. of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina
| | | | - Gregory Hickok
- Dept. of Cognitive Sciences and Dept. of Language Science, University of California, Irvine
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21
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Kong Y, Zhao C, Li D, Li B, Hu Y, Liu H, Woolgar A, Guo J, Song Y. Auditory change detection and visual selective attention: association between MMN and N2pc. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae175. [PMID: 38700440 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
While the auditory and visual systems each provide distinct information to our brain, they also work together to process and prioritize input to address ever-changing conditions. Previous studies highlighted the trade-off between auditory change detection and visual selective attention; however, the relationship between them is still unclear. Here, we recorded electroencephalography signals from 106 healthy adults in three experiments. Our findings revealed a positive correlation at the population level between the amplitudes of event-related potential indices associated with auditory change detection (mismatch negativity) and visual selective attention (posterior contralateral N2) when elicited in separate tasks. This correlation persisted even when participants performed a visual task while disregarding simultaneous auditory stimuli. Interestingly, as visual attention demand increased, participants whose posterior contralateral N2 amplitude increased the most exhibited the largest reduction in mismatch negativity, suggesting a within-subject trade-off between the two processes. Taken together, our results suggest an intimate relationship and potential shared mechanism between auditory change detection and visual selective attention. We liken this to a total capacity limit that varies between individuals, which could drive correlated individual differences in auditory change detection and visual selective attention, and also within-subject competition between the two, with task-based modulation of visual attention causing within-participant decrease in auditory change detection sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Chenguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Dongwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, 18 Jinfeng Road, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Bingkun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Alexandra Woolgar
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Jialiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
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22
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Ghosh P, Talwar S, Banerjee A. Unsupervised Characterization of Prediction Error Markers in Unisensory and Multisensory Streams Reveal the Spatiotemporal Hierarchy of Cortical Information Processing. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0251-23.2024. [PMID: 38702194 PMCID: PMC11069433 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0251-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Elicited upon violation of regularity in stimulus presentation, mismatch negativity (MMN) reflects the brain's ability to perform automatic comparisons between consecutive stimuli and provides an electrophysiological index of sensory error detection whereas P300 is associated with cognitive processes such as updating of the working memory. To date, there has been extensive research on the roles of MMN and P300 individually, because of their potential to be used as clinical markers of consciousness and attention, respectively. Here, we intend to explore with an unsupervised and rigorous source estimation approach, the underlying cortical generators of MMN and P300, in the context of prediction error propagation along the hierarchies of brain information processing in healthy human participants. The existing methods of characterizing the two ERPs involve only approximate estimations of their amplitudes and latencies based on specific sensors of interest. Our objective is twofold: first, we introduce a novel data-driven unsupervised approach to compute latencies and amplitude of ERP components accurately on an individual-subject basis and reconfirm earlier findings. Second, we demonstrate that in multisensory environments, MMN generators seem to reflect a significant overlap of "modality-specific" and "modality-independent" information processing while P300 generators mark a shift toward completely "modality-independent" processing. Advancing earlier understanding that multisensory contexts speed up early sensory processing, our study reveals that temporal facilitation extends to even the later components of prediction error processing, using EEG experiments. Such knowledge can be of value to clinical research for characterizing the key developmental stages of lifespan aging, schizophrenia, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Ghosh
- Cognitive Brain Dynamics Lab, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon 122052, India
| | - Siddharth Talwar
- Cognitive Brain Dynamics Lab, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon 122052, India
| | - Arpan Banerjee
- Cognitive Brain Dynamics Lab, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon 122052, India
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23
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Whelan TP, Daly E, Puts NA, Smith P, Allison C, Baron-Cohen S, Malievskaia E, Murphy DGM, McAlonan GM. The 'PSILAUT' protocol: an experimental medicine study of autistic differences in the function of brain serotonin targets of psilocybin. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:319. [PMID: 38658877 PMCID: PMC11044362 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying neurobiology of the complex autism phenotype remains obscure, although accumulating evidence implicates the serotonin system and especially the 5HT2A receptor. However, previous research has largely relied upon association or correlation studies to link differences in serotonin targets to autism. To directly establish that serotonergic signalling is involved in a candidate brain function our approach is to change it and observe a shift in that function. We will use psilocybin as a pharmacological probe of the serotonin system in vivo. We will directly test the hypothesis that serotonergic targets of psilocybin - principally, but not exclusively, 5HT2A receptor pathways-function differently in autistic and non-autistic adults. METHODS The 'PSILAUT' "shiftability" study is a case-control study autistic and non-autistic adults. How neural responses 'shift' in response to low doses (2 mg and 5 mg) of psilocybin compared to placebo will be examined using multimodal techniques including functional MRI and EEG. Each participant will attend on up to three separate visits with drug or placebo administration in a double-blind and randomized order. RESULTS This study will provide the first direct evidence that the serotonin targets of psilocybin function differently in the autistic and non-autistic brain. We will also examine individual differences in serotonin system function. CONCLUSIONS This work will inform our understanding of the neurobiology of autism as well as decisions about future clinical trials of psilocybin and/or related compounds including stratification approaches. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05651126.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias P Whelan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- COMPASS Pathfinder Ltd, London, UK
| | - Eileen Daly
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nicolaas A Puts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paula Smith
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carrie Allison
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Declan G M Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR-Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Grainne M McAlonan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
- NIHR-Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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24
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Hu M, Bianco R, Hidalgo AR, Chait M. Concurrent Encoding of Sequence Predictability and Event-Evoked Prediction Error in Unfolding Auditory Patterns. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1894232024. [PMID: 38350998 PMCID: PMC10993036 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1894-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human listeners possess an innate capacity to discern patterns within rapidly unfolding sensory input. Core questions, guiding ongoing research, focus on the mechanisms through which these representations are acquired and whether the brain prioritizes or suppresses predictable sensory signals. Previous work, using fast auditory sequences (tone-pips presented at a rate of 20 Hz), revealed sustained response effects that appear to track the dynamic predictability of the sequence. Here, we extend the investigation to slower sequences (4 Hz), permitting the isolation of responses to individual tones. Stimuli were 50 ms tone-pips, ordered into random (RND) and regular (REG; a repeating pattern of 10 frequencies) sequences; Two timing profiles were created: in "fast" sequences, tone-pips were presented in direct succession (20 Hz); in "slow" sequences, tone-pips were separated by a 200 ms silent gap (4 Hz). Naive participants (N = 22; both sexes) passively listened to these sequences, while brain responses were recorded using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Results unveiled a heightened magnitude of sustained brain responses in REG when compared to RND patterns. This manifested from three tones after the onset of the pattern repetition, even in the context of slower sequences characterized by extended pattern durations (2,500 ms). This observation underscores the remarkable implicit sensitivity of the auditory brain to acoustic regularities. Importantly, brain responses evoked by single tones exhibited the opposite pattern-stronger responses to tones in RND than REG sequences. The demonstration of simultaneous but opposing sustained and evoked response effects reveals concurrent processes that shape the representation of unfolding auditory patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Hu
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
| | - Roberta Bianco
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
- Neuroscience of Perception & Action Lab, Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Rome 00161, Italy
| | | | - Maria Chait
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
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25
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Wagner-Altendorf TA, Rein M, Skeries VM, Cirkel A, Münte TF, Heldmann M. Tracking the habituation of the event-related EEG potential in automatic change detection using an auditory two-tone oddball paradigm. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae157. [PMID: 38615240 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The mismatch negativity and the P3a of the event-related EEG potential reflect the electrocortical response to a deviant stimulus in a series of stimuli. Although both components have been investigated in various paradigms, these paradigms usually incorporate many repetitions of the same deviant, thus leaving open whether both components vary as a function of the deviant's position in a series of deviant stimuli-i.e. whether they are subject to qualitative/quantitative habituation from one instantiation of a deviant to the next. This is so because the detection of mismatch negativity/P3a in the event-related EEG potential requires an averaging over dozens or hundreds of stimuli, i.e. over many instantiations of the deviant per participant. The present study addresses this research gap. We used a two-tone oddball paradigm implementing only a small number of (deviant) stimuli per participant, but applying it to a large number of participants (n > 230). Our data show that the mismatch negativity amplitude exhibits no decrease as a function of the deviant's position in a series of (standard and) deviant stimuli. Importantly, only after the very first deviant stimulus, a distinct P3a could be detected, indicative of an orienting reaction and an attention shift, and thus documenting a dissociation of mismatch negativity and P3a.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marlitt Rein
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Valentina M Skeries
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anna Cirkel
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas F Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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26
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Brilliant, Yaar-Soffer Y, Herrmann CS, Henkin Y, Kral A. Theta and alpha oscillatory signatures of auditory sensory and cognitive loads during complex listening. Neuroimage 2024; 289:120546. [PMID: 38387743 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuronal signatures of sensory and cognitive load provide access to brain activities related to complex listening situations. Sensory and cognitive loads are typically reflected in measures like response time (RT) and event-related potentials (ERPs) components. It's, however, strenuous to distinguish the underlying brain processes solely from these measures. In this study, along with RT- and ERP-analysis, we performed time-frequency analysis and source localization of oscillatory activity in participants performing two different auditory tasks with varying degrees of complexity and related them to sensory and cognitive load. We studied neuronal oscillatory activity in both periods before the behavioral response (pre-response) and after it (post-response). Robust oscillatory activities were found in both periods and were differentially affected by sensory and cognitive load. Oscillatory activity under sensory load was characterized by decrease in pre-response (early) theta activity and increased alpha activity. Oscillatory activity under cognitive load was characterized by increased theta activity, mainly in post-response (late) time. Furthermore, source localization revealed specific brain regions responsible for processing these loads, such as temporal and frontal lobe, cingulate cortex and precuneus. The results provide evidence that in complex listening situations, the brain processes sensory and cognitive loads differently. These neural processes have specific oscillatory signatures and are long lasting, extending beyond the behavioral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brilliant
- Department of Experimental Otology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Y Yaar-Soffer
- Department of Communication Disorder, Tel Aviv University, 5262657 Tel Aviv, Israel; Hearing, Speech and Language Center, Sheba Medical Center, 5265601 Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - C S Herrmann
- Experimental Psychology Division, University of Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Y Henkin
- Department of Communication Disorder, Tel Aviv University, 5262657 Tel Aviv, Israel; Hearing, Speech and Language Center, Sheba Medical Center, 5265601 Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - A Kral
- Department of Experimental Otology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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27
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López-Caballero F, Auksztulewicz R, Howard Z, Rosch RE, Todd J, Salisbury DF. Computational Synaptic Modeling of Pitch and Duration Mismatch Negativity in First-Episode Psychosis Reveals Selective Dysfunction of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor. Clin EEG Neurosci 2024:15500594241238294. [PMID: 38533562 DOI: 10.1177/15500594241238294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) to pitch (pMMN) and to duration (dMMN) deviant stimuli is significantly more attenuated in long-term psychotic illness compared to first-episode psychosis (FEP). It was recently shown that source-modeling of magnetically recorded MMN increases the detection of left auditory cortex MMN deficits in FEP, and that computational circuit modeling of electrically recorded MMN also reveals left-hemisphere auditory cortex abnormalities. Computational modeling using dynamic causal modeling (DCM) can also be used to infer synaptic activity from EEG-based scalp recordings. We measured pMMN and dMMN with EEG from 26 FEP and 26 matched healthy controls (HCs) and used a DCM conductance-based neural mass model including α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid, N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA), and Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors to identify any changes in effective connectivity and receptor rate constants in FEP. We modeled MMN sources in bilateral A1, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). No model parameters distinguished groups for pMMN. For dMMN, reduced NMDA receptor activity in right IFG in FEP was detected. This finding is in line with literature of prefrontal NMDA receptor hypofunction in chronic schizophrenia and suggests impaired NMDA-induced synaptic plasticity may be present at psychosis onset where scalp dMMN is only moderately reduced. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of impaired NMDA receptor activity in FEP found through computational modeling of dMMN and shows the potential of DCM to non-invasively reveal synaptic-level abnormalities that underly subtle functional auditory processing deficits in early psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F López-Caballero
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Auksztulewicz
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Z Howard
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - R E Rosch
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Todd
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - D F Salisbury
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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28
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Bellet ME, Gay M, Bellet J, Jarraya B, Dehaene S, van Kerkoerle T, Panagiotaropoulos TI. Spontaneously emerging internal models of visual sequences combine abstract and event-specific information in the prefrontal cortex. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113952. [PMID: 38483904 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
When exposed to sensory sequences, do macaque monkeys spontaneously form abstract internal models that generalize to novel experiences? Here, we show that neuronal populations in macaque ventrolateral prefrontal cortex jointly encode visual sequences by separate codes for the specific pictures presented and for their abstract sequential structure. We recorded prefrontal neurons while macaque monkeys passively viewed visual sequences and sequence mismatches in the local-global paradigm. Even without any overt task or response requirements, prefrontal populations spontaneously form representations of sequence structure, serial order, and image identity within distinct but superimposed neuronal subspaces. Representations of sequence structure rapidly update following single exposure to a mismatch sequence, while distinct populations represent mismatches for sequences of different complexity. Finally, those representations generalize across sequences following the same repetition structure but comprising different images. These results suggest that prefrontal populations spontaneously encode rich internal models of visual sequences reflecting both content-specific and abstract information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie E Bellet
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Marion Gay
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joachim Bellet
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bechir Jarraya
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Versailles, France; Neuromodulation Pole, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Stanislas Dehaene
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Collège de France, Université Paris-Sciences-Lettres (PSL), Paris, France
| | - Timo van Kerkoerle
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Department of Neurophysics, Donders Center for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Neurobiology and Aging, Biomedical Primate Research Center, Rijswijk, the Netherlands
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29
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Dercksen TT, Widmann A, Noesselt T, Wetzel N. Somatosensory omissions reveal action-related predictive processing. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26550. [PMID: 38050773 PMCID: PMC10915725 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate relation between action and somatosensory perception has been studied extensively in the past decades. Generally, a forward model is thought to predict the somatosensory consequences of an action. These models propose that when an action is reliably coupled to a tactile stimulus, unexpected absence of the stimulus should elicit prediction error. Although such omission responses have been demonstrated in the auditory modality, it remains unknown whether this mechanism generalizes across modalities. This study therefore aimed to record action-induced somatosensory omission responses using EEG in humans. Self-paced button presses were coupled to somatosensory stimuli in 88% of trials, allowing a prediction, or in 50% of trials, not allowing a prediction. In the 88% condition, stimulus omission resulted in a neural response consisting of multiple components, as revealed by temporal principal component analysis. The oN1 response suggests similar sensory sources as stimulus-evoked activity, but an origin outside primary cortex. Subsequent oN2 and oP3 responses, as previously observed in the auditory domain, likely reflect modality-unspecific higher order processes. Together, findings straightforwardly demonstrate somatosensory predictions during action and provide evidence for a partially amodal mechanism of prediction error generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjerk T. Dercksen
- Research Group Neurocognitive DevelopmentLeibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburgGermany
- Center for Behavioral Brain SciencesMagdeburgGermany
| | - Andreas Widmann
- Research Group Neurocognitive DevelopmentLeibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburgGermany
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute for PsychologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Tömme Noesselt
- Center for Behavioral Brain SciencesMagdeburgGermany
- Department of Biological PsychologyOtto‐von‐Guericke‐University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
| | - Nicole Wetzel
- Research Group Neurocognitive DevelopmentLeibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburgGermany
- Center for Behavioral Brain SciencesMagdeburgGermany
- University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg‐StendalStendalGermany
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30
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Pelentritou A, Pfeiffer C, Schwartz S, De Lucia M. Cardio-audio synchronization elicits neural and cardiac surprise responses in human wakefulness and sleep. Commun Biol 2024; 7:226. [PMID: 38396068 PMCID: PMC10891147 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The human brain can encode auditory regularities with fixed sound-to-sound intervals and with sound onsets locked to cardiac inputs. Here, we investigated auditory and cardio-audio regularity encoding during sleep, when bodily and environmental stimulus processing may be altered. Using electroencephalography and electrocardiography in healthy volunteers (N = 26) during wakefulness and sleep, we measured the response to unexpected sound omissions within three regularity conditions: synchronous, where sound and heartbeat are temporally coupled, isochronous, with fixed sound-to-sound intervals, and a control condition without regularity. Cardio-audio regularity encoding manifested as a heartbeat deceleration upon omissions across vigilance states. The synchronous and isochronous sequences induced a modulation of the omission-evoked neural response in wakefulness and N2 sleep, the former accompanied by background oscillatory activity reorganization. The violation of cardio-audio and auditory regularity elicits cardiac and neural responses across vigilance states, laying the ground for similar investigations in altered consciousness states such as coma and anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andria Pelentritou
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Pfeiffer
- Robotics and Perception Group, University of Zurich, 8050, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Schwartz
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marzia De Lucia
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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31
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Sarasso P, Ronga I, Piovesan F, Barbieri P, Del Fante E, De Luca D, Bechis L, Osello A, Sacco K. Shared attention in virtual immersive reality enhances electrophysiological correlates of implicit sensory learning. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3767. [PMID: 38355691 PMCID: PMC10866920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Shared attention effects on learning and memory demonstrate that experiences are amplified when we are not alone. Virtual reality poses new challenges to the study of co-presence. Above all, is coattending together with someone else's avatar in an immersive VR setting comparable with shared experiences at a neural processing level? In the present study we investigate shared attention effects in VR for the first time. We recorded mismatch negativities (MMN) during an auditory roving paradigm, a well-known index of implicit perceptual learning. EEG responses to deviant and standard sounds were registered while subjects were alone (Solo condition) or together (Other condition) with a virtual avatar (Virtual scenario) or physically present confederate (Physical scenario). We found an overall main effect of co-presence on MMN revealed by a point-by-point 2 × 2 ANOVA, thereby replicating previous studies on physical co-presence. Additionally, we found no significant interaction between the scenario (Physical vs. Virtual) and co-presence (Solo vs. Other). Our results indicate that virtual immersive co-presence mimics physical co-presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Sarasso
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Verdi, 10, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Ronga
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Verdi, 10, 10124, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesca Piovesan
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Verdi, 10, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Barbieri
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Verdi, 10, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Del Fante
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Verdi, 10, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela De Luca
- VR@POLITO, Department of Structural, Geotechnical and Building Engineering (DISEG), Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ludovico Bechis
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Verdi, 10, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Osello
- VR@POLITO, Department of Structural, Geotechnical and Building Engineering (DISEG), Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Katiuscia Sacco
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Verdi, 10, 10124, Turin, Italy
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32
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Asko O, Blenkmann AO, Leske SL, Foldal MD, LLorens A, Funderud I, Meling TR, Knight RT, Endestad T, Solbakk AK. Altered hierarchical auditory predictive processing after lesions to the orbitofrontal cortex. eLife 2024; 13:e86386. [PMID: 38334469 PMCID: PMC10876214 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is classically linked to inhibitory control, emotion regulation, and reward processing. Recent perspectives propose that the OFC also generates predictions about perceptual events, actions, and their outcomes. We tested the role of the OFC in detecting violations of prediction at two levels of abstraction (i.e., hierarchical predictive processing) by studying the event-related potentials (ERPs) of patients with focal OFC lesions (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 14) while they detected deviant sequences of tones in a local-global paradigm. The structural regularities of the tones were controlled at two hierarchical levels by rules defined at a local (i.e., between tones within sequences) and at a global (i.e., between sequences) level. In OFC patients, ERPs elicited by standard tones were unaffected at both local and global levels compared to controls. However, patients showed an attenuated mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a to local prediction violation, as well as a diminished MMN followed by a delayed P3a to the combined local and global level prediction violation. The subsequent P3b component to conditions involving violations of prediction at the level of global rules was preserved in the OFC group. Comparable effects were absent in patients with lesions restricted to the lateral PFC, which lends a degree of anatomical specificity to the altered predictive processing resulting from OFC lesion. Overall, the altered magnitudes and time courses of MMN/P3a responses after lesions to the OFC indicate that the neural correlates of detection of auditory regularity violation are impacted at two hierarchical levels of rule abstraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olgerta Asko
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Alejandro Omar Blenkmann
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Sabine Liliana Leske
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Musicology, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Maja Dyhre Foldal
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Anais LLorens
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Université de Franche-Comté, SUPMICROTECH, CNRS, Institut FEMTO-STBesançonFrance
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Team TURCParisFrance
| | - Ingrid Funderud
- Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland HospitalMosjøenNorway
- Regional Department of Eating Disorders, Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | | | - Robert T Knight
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Tor Endestad
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland HospitalMosjøenNorway
| | - Anne-Kristin Solbakk
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland HospitalMosjøenNorway
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway
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33
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De Filippo R, Schmitz D. Synthetic surprise as the foundation of the psychedelic experience. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 157:105538. [PMID: 38220035 PMCID: PMC10839673 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Psychedelic agents, such as LSD and psilocybin, induce marked alterations in consciousness via activation of the 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2ARs). We hypothesize that psychedelics enforce a state of synthetic surprise through the biased activation of the 5-HTRs system. This idea is informed by recent insights into the role of 5-HT in signaling surprise. The effects on consciousness, explained by the cognitive penetrability of perception, can be described within the predictive coding framework where surprise corresponds to prediction error, the mismatch between predictions and actual sensory input. Crucially, the precision afforded to the prediction error determines its effect on priors, enabling a dynamic interaction between top-down expectations and incoming sensory data. By integrating recent findings on predictive coding circuitry and 5-HT2ARs transcriptomic data, we propose a biological implementation with emphasis on the role of inhibitory interneurons. Implications arise for the clinical use of psychedelics, which may rely primarily on their inherent capacity to induce surprise in order to disrupt maladaptive patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Filippo
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Einstein Center for Neuroscience, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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Pentz AB, O'Connel KS, van Jole O, Timpe CMF, Slapø NB, Melle I, Lagerberg TV, Steen NE, Westlye LT, Haukvik UK, Moberget T, Jönsson EG, Andreassen OA, Elvsåshagen T. Mismatch negativity and polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:314-326. [PMID: 38215567 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) impairment is a candidate endophenotype in psychotic disorders, yet the genetic underpinnings remain to be clarified. Here, we examined the relationships between auditory MMN and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for individuals with psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and bipolar disorder (BD) and in healthy controls (HC). METHODS Genotyped and clinically well-characterized individuals with psychotic disorders (n = 102), including SSD (n = 43) and BD (n = 59), and HC (n = 397) underwent a roving MMN paradigm. In addition MMN, we measured the memory traces of the repetition positivity (RP) and the deviant negativity (DN), which is believed to reflect prediction encoding and prediction error signals, respectively. SCZ and BD PRS were computed using summary statistics from the latest genome-wide association studies. The relationships between the MMN, RP, and DN and the PRSs were assessed with linear regressions. RESULTS We found no significant association between the SCZ or BD PRS and grand average MMN in the psychotic disorders group or in the HCs group (all p > 0.05). SCZ PRS and BD PRS were negatively associated with RP in the psychotic disorders group (β = -0.46, t = -2.86, p = 0.005 and β = -0.29, t = -0.21, p = 0.034, respectively). No significant associations were found between DN and PRS. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that genetic variants associated with SCZ and BD may be associated with MMN subcomponents linked to predictive coding among patients with psychotic disorders. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and further elucidate the genetic underpinnings of MMN impairment in psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atle Bråthen Pentz
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kevin Sean O'Connel
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Oda van Jole
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Clara Maria Fides Timpe
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Nora Berz Slapø
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Vik Lagerberg
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unn K Haukvik
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Forensic Psychiatry Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Health - Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University - OsloMet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Sciences, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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35
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Tzovara A, Fedele T, Sarnthein J, Ledergerber D, Lin JJ, Knight RT. Predictable and unpredictable deviance detection in the human hippocampus and amygdala. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad532. [PMID: 38216528 PMCID: PMC10839835 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Our brains extract structure from the environment and form predictions given past experience. Predictive circuits have been identified in wide-spread cortical regions. However, the contribution of medial temporal structures in predictions remains under-explored. The hippocampus underlies sequence detection and is sensitive to novel stimuli, sufficient to gain access to memory, while the amygdala to novelty. Yet, their electrophysiological profiles in detecting predictable and unpredictable deviant auditory events remain unknown. Here, we hypothesized that the hippocampus would be sensitive to predictability, while the amygdala to unexpected deviance. We presented epileptic patients undergoing presurgical monitoring with standard and deviant sounds, in predictable or unpredictable contexts. Onsets of auditory responses and unpredictable deviance effects were detected earlier in the temporal cortex compared with the amygdala and hippocampus. Deviance effects in 1-20 Hz local field potentials were detected in the lateral temporal cortex, irrespective of predictability. The amygdala showed stronger deviance in the unpredictable context. Low-frequency deviance responses in the hippocampus (1-8 Hz) were observed in the predictable but not in the unpredictable context. Our results reveal a distributed network underlying the generation of auditory predictions and suggest that the neural basis of sensory predictions and prediction error signals needs to be extended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Tzovara
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, 450 Li Ka Shing Biomedical Center, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, United States
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Bern, Neubrückstrasse 3012, Switzerland
- Center for Experimental Neurology - Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center | NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Freiburgstrasse 3010, Switzerland
| | - Tommaso Fedele
- Neurosurgery Department, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Frauenklinikstrasse 8091, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Sarnthein
- Neurosurgery Department, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Frauenklinikstrasse 8091, Switzerland
| | - Debora Ledergerber
- Swiss Epilepsy Center, Klinik Lengg, Zürich, Bleulerstrasse 8008, Switzerland
| | - Jack J Lin
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Folsom Boulevard, Davis, CA 95816, USA
- The Center of Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Cousteau Pl, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Robert T Knight
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, 450 Li Ka Shing Biomedical Center, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA
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36
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Gillon CJ, Pina JE, Lecoq JA, Ahmed R, Billeh YN, Caldejon S, Groblewski P, Henley TM, Kato I, Lee E, Luviano J, Mace K, Nayan C, Nguyen TV, North K, Perkins J, Seid S, Valley MT, Williford A, Bengio Y, Lillicrap TP, Richards BA, Zylberberg J. Responses to Pattern-Violating Visual Stimuli Evolve Differently Over Days in Somata and Distal Apical Dendrites. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1009232023. [PMID: 37989593 PMCID: PMC10860604 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1009-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Scientists have long conjectured that the neocortex learns patterns in sensory data to generate top-down predictions of upcoming stimuli. In line with this conjecture, different responses to pattern-matching vs pattern-violating visual stimuli have been observed in both spiking and somatic calcium imaging data. However, it remains unknown whether these pattern-violation signals are different between the distal apical dendrites, which are heavily targeted by top-down signals, and the somata, where bottom-up information is primarily integrated. Furthermore, it is unknown how responses to pattern-violating stimuli evolve over time as an animal gains more experience with them. Here, we address these unanswered questions by analyzing responses of individual somata and dendritic branches of layer 2/3 and layer 5 pyramidal neurons tracked over multiple days in primary visual cortex of awake, behaving female and male mice. We use sequences of Gabor patches with patterns in their orientations to create pattern-matching and pattern-violating stimuli, and two-photon calcium imaging to record neuronal responses. Many neurons in both layers show large differences between their responses to pattern-matching and pattern-violating stimuli. Interestingly, these responses evolve in opposite directions in the somata and distal apical dendrites, with somata becoming less sensitive to pattern-violating stimuli and distal apical dendrites more sensitive. These differences between the somata and distal apical dendrites may be important for hierarchical computation of sensory predictions and learning, since these two compartments tend to receive bottom-up and top-down information, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen J Gillon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mila, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jason E Pina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Timothy M Henley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Eric Lee
- Allen Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Kyla Mace
- Allen Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Kat North
- Allen Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Sam Seid
- Allen Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Yoshua Bengio
- Mila, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département d'informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Learning in Machines and Brains Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy P Lillicrap
- DeepMind, Inc., London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Computation, Mathematics and Physics in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Blake A Richards
- Mila, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Learning in Machines and Brains Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joel Zylberberg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Learning in Machines and Brains Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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37
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Kobayashi K, Shiba Y, Honda S, Nakajima S, Fujii S, Mimura M, Noda Y. Short-Term Effect of Auditory Stimulation on Neural Activities: A Scoping Review of Longitudinal Electroencephalography and Magnetoencephalography Studies. Brain Sci 2024; 14:131. [PMID: 38391706 PMCID: PMC10887208 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Explored through EEG/MEG, auditory stimuli function as a suitable research probe to reveal various neural activities, including event-related potentials, brain oscillations and functional connectivity. Accumulating evidence in this field stems from studies investigating neuroplasticity induced by long-term auditory training, specifically cross-sectional studies comparing musicians and non-musicians as well as longitudinal studies with musicians. In contrast, studies that address the neural effects of short-term interventions whose duration lasts from minutes to hours are only beginning to be featured. Over the past decade, an increasing body of evidence has shown that short-term auditory interventions evoke rapid changes in neural activities, and oscillatory fluctuations can be observed even in the prestimulus period. In this scoping review, we divided the extracted neurophysiological studies into three groups to discuss neural activities with short-term auditory interventions: the pre-stimulus period, during stimulation, and a comparison of before and after stimulation. We show that oscillatory activities vary depending on the context of the stimuli and are greatly affected by the interplay of bottom-up and top-down modulational mechanisms, including attention. We conclude that the observed rapid changes in neural activitiesin the auditory cortex and the higher-order cognitive part of the brain are causally attributed to short-term auditory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanon Kobayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shiba
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shiori Honda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujii
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-0816, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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38
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Lacroix A, Harquel S, Mermillod M, Garrido M, Barbosa L, Vercueil L, Aleysson D, Dutheil F, Kovarski K, Gomot M. Sex modulation of faces prediction error in the autistic brain. Commun Biol 2024; 7:127. [PMID: 38273091 PMCID: PMC10810845 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that autistic females may have superior socio-cognitive abilities compared to autistic males, potentially contributing to underdiagnosis in females. However, it remains unclear whether these differences arise from distinct neurophysiological functioning in autistic males and females. This study addresses this question by presenting 41 autistic and 48 non-autistic adults with a spatially filtered faces oddball paradigm. Analysis of event-related potentials from scalp electroencephalography reveal a neurophysiological profile in autistic females that fell between those of autistic males and non-autistic females, highlighting sex differences in autism from the initial stages of face processing. This finding underscores the urgent need to explore neurophysiological sex differences in autism and encourages efforts toward a better comprehension of compensation mechanism and a clearer definition of what is meant by camouflaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Lacroix
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Sylvain Harquel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, EPFL, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martial Mermillod
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marta Garrido
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Computational Psychiatry Lab, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Graeme Clark Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Leonardo Barbosa
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Laurent Vercueil
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - David Aleysson
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, WittyFit, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Klara Kovarski
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Lettres, INSPE, Paris, France
- LaPsyDÉ, Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Marie Gomot
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
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39
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Molnár H, Marosi C, Becske M, Békési E, Farkas K, Stefanics G, Czigler I, Csukly G. A comparison of visual and acoustic mismatch negativity as potential biomarkers in schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:992. [PMID: 38200103 PMCID: PMC10782025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an event-related potential (ERP) component generated when an unexpected deviant stimulus occurs in a pattern of standard stimuli. Several studies showed that the MMN response to both auditory and visual stimuli is attenuated in schizophrenia. While previous studies investigated auditory and visual MMN in different cohorts, here we examined the potential clinical utility of MMN responses to auditory and visual stimuli within the same group of patients. Altogether 39 patients with schizophrenia and 39 healthy controls matched in age, gender, and education were enrolled. We recorded EEG using 64 channels in eight experimental blocks where we presented auditory and visual stimulus sequences. Mismatch responses were obtained by subtracting responses to standard from the physically identical deviant stimuli. We found a significant MMN response to the acoustic stimuli in the control group, whereas no significant mismatch response was observed in the patient group. The group difference was significant for the acoustic stimuli. The 12 vane windmill pattern evoked a significant MMN response in the early time window in the control group but not in the patient group. The 6 vane windmill pattern evoked MMN only in the patient group. However, we found no significant difference between the groups. Furthermore, we found no correlation between the clinical variables and the MMN amplitudes. Our results suggest that predictive processes underlying mismatch generation in patients with schizophrenia may be more affected in the acoustic compared to the visual domain. Acoustic MMN tends to be a more promising biomarker in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajnalka Molnár
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Marosi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Becske
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emese Békési
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga Farkas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Stefanics
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Czigler
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, RCNS, HU-RES, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Csukly
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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40
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Babaie-Janvier T, Gabay NC, McInnes A, Robinson PA. Neural field theory of adaptive effects on auditory evoked responses and mismatch negativity in multifrequency stimulus sequences. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 17:1282924. [PMID: 38234595 PMCID: PMC10791997 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1282924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Physiologically based neural field theory (NFT) of the corticothalamic system, including adaptation, is used to calculate the responses evoked by trains of auditory stimuli that differ in frequency. In oddball paradigms, fully distinguishable frequencies lead to different standard (common stimulus) and deviant (rare stimulus) responses; the signal obtained by subtracting the standard response from the deviant is termed the mismatch negativity (MMN). In this analysis, deviant responses are found to correspond to unadapted cortex, whereas the part of auditory cortex that processes the standard stimuli adapts over several stimulus presentations until the final standard response form is achieved. No higher-order memory processes are invoked. In multifrequency experiments, the deviant response approaches the standard one as the deviant frequency approaches that of the standard and analytic criteria for this effect to be obtained. It is shown that these criteria can also be used to understand adaptation in random tone sequences. A method of probing MMNs and adaptation in random tone sequences is suggested to makes more use of such data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Babaie-Janvier
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natasha C. Gabay
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Peter A. Robinson
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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41
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Dheerendra P, Grent-'t-Jong T, Gajwani R, Gross J, Gumley AI, Krishnadas R, Lawrie SM, Schwannauer M, Schultze-Lutter F, Uhlhaas PJ. Intact Mismatch Negativity Responses in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis and First-Episode Psychosis: Evidence From Source-Reconstructed Event-Related Fields and Time-Frequency Data. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:121-131. [PMID: 37778724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined whether mismatch negativity (MMN) responses are impaired in participants at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and whether MMN deficits predict clinical outcomes in CHR-Ps. METHODS Magnetoencephalography data were collected during a duration-deviant MMN paradigm for a group of 116 CHR-P participants, 33 FEP patients (15 antipsychotic-naïve), clinical high risk negative group (n = 38) with substance abuse and affective disorder, and 49 healthy control participants. Analysis of group differences of source-reconstructed event-related fields as well as time-frequency and intertrial phase coherence focused on the bilateral Heschl's gyri and bilateral superior temporal gyri. RESULTS Significant magnetic MMN responses were found across participants in the bilateral Heschl's gyri and bilateral superior temporal gyri. However, MMN amplitude as well as time-frequency and intertrial phase coherence responses were intact in CHR-P participants and FEP patients compared with healthy control participants. Furthermore, MMN deficits were not related to persistent attenuated psychotic symptoms or transitions to psychosis in CHR-P participants. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that magnetic MMN responses in magnetoencephalography data are not impaired in early-stage psychosis and may not predict clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Dheerendra
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruchika Gajwani
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Münster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Andrew I Gumley
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rajeev Krishnadas
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Schwannauer
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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42
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Saurels BW, Johnston A, Yarrow K, Arnold DH. Event Probabilities Have a Different Impact on Early and Late Electroencephalographic Measures Regarded as Metrics of Prediction. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:187-199. [PMID: 37902587 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The oddball protocol has been used to study the neural and perceptual consequences of implicit predictions in the human brain. The protocol involves presenting a sequence of identical repeated events that are eventually broken by a novel "oddball" presentation. Oddball presentations have been linked to increased neural responding and to an exaggeration of perceived duration relative to repeated events. Because the number of repeated events in such protocols is circumscribed, as more repeats are encountered, the conditional probability of a further repeat decreases-whereas the conditional probability of an oddball increases. These facts have not been appreciated in many analyses of oddballs; repeats and oddballs have rather been treated as binary event categories. Here, we show that the human brain is sensitive to conditional event probabilities in an active, visual oddball paradigm. P300 responses (a relatively late component of visually evoked potentials measured with EEG) tended to be greater for less likely oddballs and repeats. By contrast, P1 responses (an earlier component) increased for repeats as a goal-relevant target presentation neared, but this effect occurred even when repeat probabilities were held constant, and oddball P1 responses were invariant. We also found that later, more likely oddballs seemed to last longer, and this effect was largely independent of the number of preceding repeats. These findings speak against a repetition suppression account of the temporal oddball effect. Overall, our data highlight an impact of event probability on later, rather than earlier, electroencephalographic measures previously related to predictive processes-and the importance of considering conditional probabilities in sequential presentation paradigms.
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Cheng CH, Hsieh YW, Chang CC, Hsiao FJ, Chen LF, Wang PN. Effects of 6-Month Combined Physical Exercise and Cognitive Training on Neuropsychological and Neurophysiological Function in Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 100:175-192. [PMID: 38848174 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Multidomain intervention may delay or ameliorate cognitive decline in older adults at risk of Alzheimer's disease, particularly in the memory and inhibitory functions. However, no study systematically investigates the changes of brain function in cognitively-normal elderly with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) when they receive multidomain intervention. Objective We aimed to examine whether a multidomain intervention could improve neuropsychological function and neurophysiological activities related to memory and inhibitory function in SCD subjects. Methods Eight clusters with a total of 50 community-dwelling SCD older adults were single-blind, randomized into intervention group, which received physical and cognitive training, or control group, which received treatment as usual. For the neuropsychological function, a composite Z score from six cognitive tests was calculated and compared between two groups. For the neurophysiological activities, event-related potentials (ERPs) of memory function, including mismatch negativity (MMN) and memory-P3, as well as ERPs of inhibitory function, including sensory gating (SG) and inhibition-P3, were measured. Assessments were performed at baseline (T1), end of the intervention (T2), and 6 months after T2 (T3). Results For the neuropsychological function, the effect was not observed after the intervention. For the neurophysiological activities, improved MMN responses of ΔT2-T1 were observed in the intervention group versus the control group. The multidomain intervention produced a sustained effect on memory-P3 latencies of ΔT3-T1. However, there were no significant differences in changes of SG and inhibition-P3 between intervention and control groups. Conclusions While not impactful on neuropsychological function, multidomain intervention enhances specific neurophysiological activities associated with memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics - BIND Lab, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chih Chang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Jung Hsiao
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fen Chen
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ning Wang
- Department of Neurological Institute, Division of General Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang K, Li K, Zhang C, Li X, Han S, Lv C, Xie J, Xia X, Bie L, Guo Y. The accuracy of different mismatch negativity amplitude representations in predicting the levels of consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1293798. [PMID: 38178839 PMCID: PMC10764429 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1293798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The mismatch negativity (MMN) index has been used to evaluate consciousness levels in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). Indeed, MMN has been validated for the diagnosis of vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) and minimally conscious state (MCS). In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of different MMN amplitude representations in predicting levels of consciousness. Methods Task-state electroencephalography (EEG) data were obtained from 67 patients with DoC (35 VS and 32 MCS). We performed a microstate analysis of the task-state EEG and used four different representations (the peak amplitude of MMN at electrode Fz (Peak), the average amplitude within a time window -25- 25 ms entered on the latency of peak MMN component (Avg for peak ± 25 ms), the average amplitude of averaged difference wave for 100-250 ms (Avg for 100-250 ms), and the average amplitude difference between the standard stimulus ("S") and the deviant stimulus ("D") at the time corresponding to Microstate 1 (MS1) (Avg for MS1) of the MMN amplitude to predict the levels of consciousness. Results The results showed that among the four microstates clustered, MS1 showed statistical significance in terms of time proportion during the 100-250 ms period. Our results confirmed the activation patterns of MMN through functional connectivity analysis. Among the four MMN amplitude representations, the microstate-based representation showed the highest accuracy in distinguishing different levels of consciousness in patients with DoC (AUC = 0.89). Conclusion We discovered a prediction model based on microstate calculation of MMN amplitude can accurately distinguish between MCS and VS states. And the functional connection of the MS1 is consistent with the activation mode of MMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jilin Province People’s Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Chunyun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Siping Central People’s Hospital, Siping, China
| | - Shuai Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chuanxiang Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Seventh Medical Center of Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Bie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongkun Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain Computer Interface Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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Carroll EE, Der-Nigoghossian C, Alkhachroum A, Appavu B, Gilmore E, Kromm J, Rohaut B, Rosanova M, Sitt JD, Claassen J. Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Electrophysiology Working Group. Neurocrit Care 2023; 39:578-585. [PMID: 37606737 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-023-01795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroencephalography (EEG) has long been recognized as an important tool in the investigation of disorders of consciousness (DoC). From inspection of the raw EEG to the implementation of quantitative EEG, and more recently in the use of perturbed EEG, it is paramount to providing accurate diagnostic and prognostic information in the care of patients with DoC. However, a nomenclature for variables that establishes a convention for naming, defining, and structuring data for clinical research variables currently is lacking. As such, the Neurocritical Care Society's Curing Coma Campaign convened nine working groups composed of experts in the field to construct common data elements (CDEs) to provide recommendations for DoC, with the main goal of facilitating data collection and standardization of reporting. This article summarizes the recommendations of the electrophysiology DoC working group. METHODS After assessing previously published pertinent CDEs, we developed new CDEs and categorized them into "disease core," "basic," "supplemental," and "exploratory." Key EEG design elements, defined as concepts that pertained to a methodological parameter relevant to the acquisition, processing, or analysis of data, were also included but were not classified as CDEs. RESULTS After identifying existing pertinent CDEs and developing novel CDEs for electrophysiology in DoC, variables were organized into a framework based on the two primary categories of resting state EEG and perturbed EEG. Using this categorical framework, two case report forms were generated by the working group. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the recommendations outlined by the electrophysiology working group in the resting state EEG and perturbed EEG case report forms will facilitate data collection and sharing in DoC research on an international level. In turn, this will allow for more informed and reliable comparison of results across studies, facilitating further advancement in the realm of DoC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E Carroll
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, MHB 8 Center, Room 300, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Brian Appavu
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Emily Gilmore
- Divisions of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology and Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julie Kromm
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Benjamin Rohaut
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Neurosciences, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Mario Rosanova
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacobo Diego Sitt
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Jan Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, MHB 8 Center, Room 300, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
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Grundei M, Schmidt TT, Blankenburg F. A multimodal cortical network of sensory expectation violation revealed by fMRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5871-5891. [PMID: 37721377 PMCID: PMC10619418 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is subjected to multi-modal sensory information in an environment governed by statistical dependencies. Mismatch responses (MMRs), classically recorded with EEG, have provided valuable insights into the brain's processing of regularities and the generation of corresponding sensory predictions. Only few studies allow for comparisons of MMRs across multiple modalities in a simultaneous sensory stream and their corresponding cross-modal context sensitivity remains unknown. Here, we used a tri-modal version of the roving stimulus paradigm in fMRI to elicit MMRs in the auditory, somatosensory and visual modality. Participants (N = 29) were simultaneously presented with sequences of low and high intensity stimuli in each of the three senses while actively observing the tri-modal input stream and occasionally reporting the intensity of the previous stimulus in a prompted modality. The sequences were based on a probabilistic model, defining transition probabilities such that, for each modality, stimuli were more likely to repeat (p = .825) than change (p = .175) and stimulus intensities were equiprobable (p = .5). Moreover, each transition was conditional on the configuration of the other two modalities comprising global (cross-modal) predictive properties of the sequences. We identified a shared mismatch network of modality general inferior frontal and temporo-parietal areas as well as sensory areas, where the connectivity (psychophysiological interaction) between these regions was modulated during mismatch processing. Further, we found deviant responses within the network to be modulated by local stimulus repetition, which suggests highly comparable processing of expectation violation across modalities. Moreover, hierarchically higher regions of the mismatch network in the temporo-parietal area around the intraparietal sulcus were identified to signal cross-modal expectation violation. With the consistency of MMRs across audition, somatosensation and vision, our study provides insights into a shared cortical network of uni- and multi-modal expectation violation in response to sequence regularities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miro Grundei
- Neurocomputation and Neuroimaging UnitFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Berlin School of Mind and BrainHumboldt Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | | | - Felix Blankenburg
- Neurocomputation and Neuroimaging UnitFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Berlin School of Mind and BrainHumboldt Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
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Lago S, Pezzetta R, Gastaldon S, Peressotti F, Arcara G. Trial-by-trial fluctuations of pre-stimulus alpha power predict language ERPs. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14388. [PMID: 37477167 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Anticipatory mechanisms are known to play a key role in language, but they have been mostly investigated with violation paradigms, which only consider what happens after predictions have been (dis)confirmed. Relatively few studies focused on the pre-stimulus interval and found that stronger expectations are associated with lower pre-stimulus alpha power. However, alpha power also fluctuates spontaneously, in the absence of experimental manipulations; and in the attention and perception domains, spontaneously low pre-stimulus power is associated with better behavioral performance and with event-related potential (ERPs) with shorter latencies and higher amplitudes. Importantly, little is known about the role of alpha fluctuations in other domains, as it is in language. To this aim, we investigated whether spontaneous fluctuations in pre-stimulus alpha power modulate language-related ERPs in a semantic congruence task. Electrophysiology data were analyzed using Generalized Additive Mixed Models to model nonlinear interactions between pre-stimulus alpha power and EEG amplitude, at the single-trial level. We found that the N400 and the late posterior positivity/P600 were larger in the case of lower pre-stimulus alpha power. Still, while the N400 was observable regardless of the level of pre-stimulus power, a late posterior positivity/P600 effect was only observable for low pre-stimulus alpha power. We discuss these findings in light of the different, albeit connected, functional interpretations of pre-stimulus alpha and the ERPs according to both a nonpredictive interpretation focused on attentional mechanisms and under a predictive processing framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lago
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Centre (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Simone Gastaldon
- Padova Neuroscience Centre (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology (DPSS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Peressotti
- Padova Neuroscience Centre (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology (DPSS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "I-APPROVE - International Auditory Processing Project in Venice", Venice, Italy
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Poublan-Couzardot A, Lecaignard F, Fucci E, Davidson RJ, Mattout J, Lutz A, Abdoun O. Time-resolved dynamic computational modeling of human EEG recordings reveals gradients of generative mechanisms for the MMN response. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1010557. [PMID: 38091350 PMCID: PMC10752554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite attempts to unify the different theoretical accounts of the mismatch negativity (MMN), there is still an ongoing debate on the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying this complex brain response. On one hand, neuronal adaptation to recurrent stimuli is able to explain many of the observed properties of the MMN, such as its sensitivity to controlled experimental parameters. On the other hand, several modeling studies reported evidence in favor of Bayesian learning models for explaining the trial-to-trial dynamics of the human MMN. However, direct comparisons of these two main hypotheses are scarce, and previous modeling studies suffered from methodological limitations. Based on reports indicating spatial and temporal dissociation of physiological mechanisms within the timecourse of mismatch responses in animals, we hypothesized that different computational models would best fit different temporal phases of the human MMN. Using electroencephalographic data from two independent studies of a simple auditory oddball task (n = 82), we compared adaptation and Bayesian learning models' ability to explain the sequential dynamics of auditory deviance detection in a time-resolved fashion. We first ran simulations to evaluate the capacity of our design to dissociate the tested models and found that they were sufficiently distinguishable above a certain level of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In subjects with a sufficient SNR, our time-resolved approach revealed a temporal dissociation between the two model families, with high evidence for adaptation during the early MMN window (from 90 to 150-190 ms post-stimulus depending on the dataset) and for Bayesian learning later in time (170-180 ms or 200-220ms). In addition, Bayesian model averaging of fixed-parameter models within the adaptation family revealed a gradient of adaptation rates, resembling the anatomical gradient in the auditory cortical hierarchy reported in animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Poublan-Couzardot
- Cente de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), CNRS UMRS5292, INSERM U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Françoise Lecaignard
- Cente de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), CNRS UMRS5292, INSERM U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Enrico Fucci
- 2 Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Sweden
| | - Richard J. Davidson
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jérémie Mattout
- Cente de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), CNRS UMRS5292, INSERM U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Antoine Lutz
- Cente de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), CNRS UMRS5292, INSERM U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Oussama Abdoun
- Cente de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), CNRS UMRS5292, INSERM U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
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Zora H, Wester J, Csépe V. Predictions about prosody facilitate lexical access: Evidence from P50/N100 and MMN components. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 194:112262. [PMID: 37924955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.112262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Research into the neural foundation of perception asserts a model where top-down predictions modulate the bottom-up processing of sensory input. Despite becoming increasingly influential in cognitive neuroscience, the precise account of this predictive coding framework remains debated. In this study, we aim to contribute to this debate by investigating how predictions about prosody facilitate speech perception, and to shed light especially on lexical access influenced by simultaneous predictions in different domains, inter alia, prosodic and semantic. Using a passive auditory oddball paradigm, we examined neural responses to prosodic changes, leading to a semantic change as in Dutch nouns canon ['kaːnɔn] 'canon' vs kanon [kaː'nɔn] 'cannon', and used acoustically identical pseudowords as controls. Results from twenty-eight native speakers of Dutch (age range 18-32 years) indicated an enhanced P50/N100 complex to prosodic change in pseudowords as well as an MMN response to both words and pseudowords. The enhanced P50/N100 response to pseudowords is claimed to indicate that all relevant auditory information is still processed by the brain, whereas the reduced response to words might reflect the suppression of information that has already been encoded. The MMN response to pseudowords and words, on the other hand, is best justified by the unification of previously established prosodic representations with sensory and semantic input respectively. This pattern of results is in line with the predictive coding framework acting on multiple levels and is of crucial importance to indicate that predictions about linguistic prosodic information are utilized by the brain as early as 50 ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Zora
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310 6500, AH, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Janniek Wester
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310 6500, AH, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valéria Csépe
- HUN-REN Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Brain Imaging Centre, P.O. Box 286 1519, Budapest, Hungary
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50
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Hauke DJ, Charlton CE, Schmidt A, Griffiths JD, Woods SW, Ford JM, Srihari VH, Roth V, Diaconescu AO, Mathalon DH. Aberrant Hierarchical Prediction Errors Are Associated With Transition to Psychosis: A Computational Single-Trial Analysis of the Mismatch Negativity. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:1176-1185. [PMID: 37536567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mismatch negativity reductions are among the most reliable biomarkers for schizophrenia and have been associated with increased risk for conversion to psychosis in individuals who are at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P). Here, we adopted a computational approach to develop a mechanistic model of mismatch negativity reductions in CHR-P individuals and patients early in the course of schizophrenia. METHODS Electroencephalography was recorded in 38 CHR-P individuals (15 converters), 19 patients early in the course of schizophrenia (≤5 years), and 44 healthy control participants during three different auditory oddball mismatch negativity paradigms including 10% duration, frequency, or double deviants, respectively. We modeled sensory learning with the hierarchical Gaussian filter and extracted precision-weighted prediction error trajectories from the model to assess how the expression of hierarchical prediction errors modulated electroencephalography amplitudes over sensor space and time. RESULTS Both low-level sensory and high-level volatility precision-weighted prediction errors were altered in CHR-P individuals and patients early in the course of schizophrenia compared with healthy control participants. Moreover, low-level precision-weighted prediction errors were significantly different in CHR-P individuals who later converted to psychosis compared with nonconverters. CONCLUSIONS Our results implicate altered processing of hierarchical prediction errors as a computational mechanism in early psychosis consistent with predictive coding accounts of psychosis. This computational model seems to capture pathophysiological mechanisms that are relevant to early psychosis and the risk for future psychosis in CHR-P individuals and may serve as predictive biomarkers and mechanistic targets for the development of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hauke
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Colleen E Charlton
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - André Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John D Griffiths
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Judith M Ford
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Vinod H Srihari
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Volker Roth
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreea O Diaconescu
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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