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Zhu J, Wang L. The Role of lncRNA-miR-26a-mRNA Network in Cancer Progression and Treatment. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:1443-1461. [PMID: 37730965 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The role of non-coding RNAs in regulating biological processes associated with cancer progression, such as proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, has been extensively studied. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a role in regulating these processes through various mechanisms, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications. In post-transcriptional regulation, lncRNAs can bind to specific miRNAs and affect their function, which can either promote or inhibit cancer development. The interaction between lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs forms a network known as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), which is involved in cancer progression or inhibition. One specific miRNA called miR-26a-5p has been identified as having tumor-suppressive properties. However, when lncRNAs bind to and inhibit miR-26a-5p, it can lead to cancer progression. Therefore, targeting this ceRNA network could be a promising strategy for preventing cancer development. This review will first discuss the anticancer effects of miR-26a-5p and then explore the involvement of the lncRNA-miR26a-5p-mRNA axis in cancer progression and potential targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Daye People's Hospital, Daye, Hubei, 435100, China.
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pengren Hospital, Daye, Hubei, 435100, China
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2
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Guan W, Chen Y, Fan Y. miR-26a is a Key Therapeutic Target with Enormous Potential in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Human Disease. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2550-2570. [PMID: 38204224 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673271808231116075056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA-26a (miR-26a) belongs to small non-coding regulatory RNA molecules emerging as fundamental post-transcriptional regulators inhibiting gene expression that plays vital roles in various processes of human diseases such as depression, renal ischemia and reperfusion injury, liver injury and some refractory cancer. In this review, we expound on the results of studies about miR-26a with emphasis on its function in animal models or in vitro cell culture to simulate the most common human disease in the clinic. Furthermore, we also illustrate the underlying mechanisms of miR-26a in strengthening the antitumor activity of antineoplastic drugs. Importantly, dysregulation of miR-26a has been related to many chronic and malignant diseases, especially in neurological disorders in the brain such as depression and neurodegenerative diseases as well as cancers such as papillary thyroid carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and so on. It follows that miR-26a has a strong possibility to be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neurological disorders and cancers. Although the research of miRNAs has made great progress in the last few decades, much is yet to be discovered, especially regarding their underlying mechanisms and roles in the complex diseases of humans. Consequently, miR-26a has been analyzed in chronic and malignant diseases, and we discuss the dysregulation of miR-26a and functional roles in the development and pathogenesis of these diseases, which is very helpful for understanding their mechanisms as new biomarkers for diagnosing and curing diseases in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Second People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Emami Meybodi SM, Soleimani N, Yari A, Javadifar A, Tollabi M, Karimi B, Emami Meybodi M, Seyedhossaini S, Brouki Milan P, Dehghani Firoozabadi A. Circulatory long noncoding RNAs (circulatory-LNC-RNAs) as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases: Implications for cardiovascular diseases complications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1049-1071. [PMID: 36414082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders with major global health consequences. The prevalence of CVDs continues to grow due to population-aging and lifestyle modifications. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as key regulators of cell signaling pathways have gained attention in the occurrence and development of CVDs. Exosomal-lncRNAs (exos-lncRNAs) are emerging biomarkers due to their high sensitivity and specificity, stability, accuracy and accessibility in the biological fluids. Recently, circulatory and exos-based-lncRNAs are emerging and novel bio-tools in various pathogenic conditions. It is worth mentioning that dysregulation of these molecules has been found in different types of CVDs. In this regard, we aimed to discuss the knowledge gaps and suggest research priorities regarding circulatory and exos-lncRNAs as novel bio-tools and therapeutic targets for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahdi Emami Meybodi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Nafiseh Soleimani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Yari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Mciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Amin Javadifar
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Disease Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Tollabi
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Karimi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Emami Meybodi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Seyedmostafa Seyedhossaini
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Schlosser S, Tümen D, Volz B, Neumeyer K, Egler N, Kunst C, Tews HC, Schmid S, Kandulski A, Müller M, Gülow K. HCC biomarkers - state of the old and outlook to future promising biomarkers and their potential in everyday clinical practice. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016952. [PMID: 36518320 PMCID: PMC9742592 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and deadly tumors worldwide. Management of HCC depends on reliable biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of the disease, as well as predicting response towards therapy and safety. To date, imaging has been the established standard technique in the diagnosis and follow-up of HCC. However, imaging techniques have their limitations, especially in the early detection of HCC. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reliable, non/minimal invasive biomarkers. To date, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the only serum biomarker used in clinical practice for the management of HCC. However, AFP is of relatively rather low quality in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Liquid biopsies as a source for biomarkers have become the focus of clinical research. Our review highlights alternative biomarkers derived from liquid biopsies, including circulating tumor cells, proteins, circulating nucleic acids, and exosomes, and their potential for clinical application. Using defined combinations of different biomarkers will open new perspectives for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karsten Gülow
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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5
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Malik J, Klammer M, Rolny V, Chan HLY, Piratvisuth T, Tanwandee T, Thongsawat S, Sukeepaisarnjaroen W, Esteban JI, Bes M, Köhler B, Swiatek-de Lange M. Comprehensive evaluation of microRNA as a biomarker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3917-3933. [PMID: 36157551 PMCID: PMC9367234 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i29.3917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Current guidelines for HCC management recommend surveillance of high-risk patients every 6 mo using ultrasonography. Serum biomarkers, like alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), protein induced by vitamin K absence/antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) and lectin-reactive AFP, show suboptimal performance for detection of HCC, which is crucial for successful resection or treatment. Thus, there is a significant need for new biomarkers to aid early diagnosis of HCC. Studies have shown that the expression level of human microRNAs (miRNAs), a small, non-coding RNA species released into the blood, can serve as an early marker for various diseases, including HCC.
AIM To evaluate the diagnostic role of miRNAs in HCC as single markers, signatures or in combination with known protein biomarkers.
METHODS Our prospective, multicenter, case-control study recruited 660 participants (354 controls with chronic liver disease and 306 participants with HCC) and employed a strategy of initial screening by two independent methods, real-time quantitative PCR (n = 60) and next-generation sequencing (n = 100), to assess a large number of miRNAs. The results from the next-generation sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR screening approaches were then combined to select 26 miRNAs (including two putative novel miRNAs). Those miRNAs were analyzed for their diagnostic potential as single markers or in combination with other miRNAs or established protein biomarkers AFP and PIVKA-II via real-time quantitative PCR in training (n = 200) and validation cohorts (n = 300).
RESULTS We identified 26 miRNAs that differentiated chronic liver disease controls from (early) HCC via two independent discovery approaches. Three miRNAs, miR-21-5p (miR-21), miR-320a and miR-186-5p, were selected by both methods. In the training cohort, only miR-21, miR-320d and miR-423 could significantly distinguish (Q < 0.05) between the HCC and chronic liver disease control groups. In the multivariate setting, miR-21 with PIVKA-II was selected as the best combination, resulting in an area under the curve of 0.87 for diagnosis and area under the curve of 0.74 for early diagnosis of HCC. In the validation cohort, only miR-21 and miR-423 could be confirmed as potential HCC biomarkers. A combination of miRNAs did not perform better than any single miRNA. Improvement of PIVKA-II performance through combination with miRNAs could not be confirmed in the validation panel. Two putative miRs, put-miR-6 and put-miR-99, were tested in the training and validation panels, but their expression could only be detected in very few samples and at a low level (cycle threshold between 31.24 and 34.97).
CONCLUSION miRNAs alone or as a signature in combination with protein biomarkers AFP and PIVKA-II do not improve the diagnostic performance of the protein biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henry Lik-Yuen Chan
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Teerha Piratvisuth
- NKC Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Songklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand
| | - Tawesak Tanwandee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Satawat Thongsawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | | | - Marta Bes
- Transfusion Safety Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona 08005, Spain
| | - Bruno Köhler
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a well-recognized system that plays an essential role in tumor initiation, development, and progression. Intense intercellular communication between tumor cells and other cells (especially macrophages) occurs in the TME and is mediated by cell-to-cell contact and/or soluble messengers. Emerging evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are critical regulators of the relationship between cells within the TME. In this review, we provide an update on the regulation of ncRNAs (primarily micro RNAs [miRNAs], long ncRNAs [lncRNAs], and circular RNAs [circRNAs]) in the crosstalk between macrophages and tumor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These ncRNAs are derived from macrophages or tumor cells and act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, contributing to tumor progression not only by regulating the physiological and pathological processes of tumor cells but also by controlling macrophage infiltration, activation, polarization, and function. Herein, we also explore the options available for clinical therapeutic strategies targeting crosstalk-related ncRNAs to treat HCC. A better understanding of the relationship between macrophages and tumor cells mediated by ncRNAs will uncover new diagnostic biomarkers and pharmacological targets in cancer.
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7
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Han Z, Li K, Wu J, Wang K, Qiu C, Ye H, Cui C, Song C, Wang K, Shi J, Wang P, Zhang J. Diagnostic value of RNA for hepatocellular carcinoma: a network meta-analysis. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1755-1767. [PMID: 34783583 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of RNA in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: A systematic review was conducted from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science databases via well-designed retrieval strategy. Subsequently, the network meta-analysis was performed by the STATA software. Results: Through statistical analysis, the three hypotheses of the network meta-analysis were established. In view of these hypotheses, the diagnostic efficacy of the three markers in HCC (HCC vs healthy people) may be consistent, and the cumulative ranking results showed such a trend: circular RNA >long noncoding RNA >microRNA. Conclusion: Circular RNA may be most effective for diagnosing HCC across the three types of RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Han
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Keming Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jinyu Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.,Henan Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Cuipeng Qiu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chi Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.,Henan Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.,Henan Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.,Henan Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Mir-21 Suppression Promotes Mouse Hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194983. [PMID: 34638467 PMCID: PMC8508272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent cancer of the liver with limited therapeutic options. MicroRNAs are a class of small molecules regulating a wide range of cellular processes that are important for cancer development. Among these microRNAs, miR-21 is strongly upregulated in almost all human cancers including HCC, and is considered as a strong driver of cancer development, suggesting that its pharmacological inhibition might represent a potential therapy. In this study, we show that deletion of miR-21 in genetically engineered mice promotes instead the development of HCC in several mouse models of this liver cancer. We further show that the lack of miR-21 is associated with increases in the expression of oncogenes such as Cdc25a, subtle deregulations of the MAPK, HiPPO, and STAT3 signaling pathways, as well as alterations of the inflammatory/immune anti-tumoral responses in the liver, which overtime contribute to enhanced tumorigenesis and progression toward malignancy. These results call for cautiousness when considering miR-21 inhibition for therapeutic purposes in HCC. Abstract The microRNA 21 (miR-21) is upregulated in almost all known human cancers and is considered a highly potent oncogene and potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In the liver, miR-21 was reported to promote hepatic steatosis and inflammation, but whether miR-21 also drives hepatocarcinogenesis remains poorly investigated in vivo. Here we show using both carcinogen (Diethylnitrosamine, DEN) or genetically (PTEN deficiency)-induced mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), total or hepatocyte-specific genetic deletion of this microRNA fosters HCC development—contrasting the expected oncogenic role of miR-21. Gene and protein expression analyses of mouse liver tissues further indicate that total or hepatocyte-specific miR-21 deficiency is associated with an increased expression of oncogenes such as Cdc25a, subtle deregulations of the MAPK, HiPPO, and STAT3 signaling pathways, as well as alterations of the inflammatory/immune anti-tumoral responses in the liver. Together, our data show that miR-21 deficiency promotes a pro-tumoral microenvironment, which over time fosters HCC development via pleiotropic and complex mechanisms. These results question the current dogma of miR-21 being a potent oncomiR in the liver and call for cautiousness when considering miR-21 inhibition for therapeutic purposes in HCC.
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Zhang H, Ding R, Chen D. Value of miR-21 levels as potential biomarkers in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma:a meta-analysis. Biomarkers 2021; 26:586-597. [PMID: 34266326 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1955976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have reported that miR-21 levels are different between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and healthy controls, which could be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for HCC. However, the diagnostic value of miR-21 for HCC varied greatly in previous studies. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to provide higher grade evidence to investigate the diagnostic value of miR-21 for HCC. METHODS The databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Chinese databases (CNKI and VIP) were searched. The indices of miR-21 in the diagnosis of HCC were pooled using bivariate random-effect models. QUADAS-2 was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. All statistical analyses were performed by STATA (12.0) software. RESULTS Totally, 1589 subjects from 14 publications were included in this study. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.83 (0.77-0.88), 0.80 (0.74-0.85), 4.12 (3.04-5.57), 0.21 (0.15-0.30), and 0.88 (0.85-0.91), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the AUC was higher in Non-China subgroup, qRT-PCR subgroup, and plasma subgroup than that in China subgroup, ddPCR subgroup, and serum subgroup, respectively. However, the AUC was not significantly different between the healthy control subgroup and chronic hepatitis control subgroup. Significant heterogeneity was found in this meta-analysis, while no evident publication bias was identified. CONCLUSIONS miR-21 is a valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Ding
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Daojun Chen
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Next-Generation Biomarkers for Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133222. [PMID: 34203269 PMCID: PMC8269024 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Early and non-invasive diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is still challenging, thus largely contributing to the increased mortality rates observed worldwide. Consequently, several efforts have been made in order to report novel biomarkers for CCA, that would aid on diagnosis and also to predict prognosis and therapy response. We herein aim to provide an in-depth and critical revision on the next-generation biomarkers for CCA that have been recently proposed. Abstract The increasing mortality rates of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) registered during the last decades are, at least in part, a result of the lack of accurate non-invasive biomarkers for early disease diagnosis, making the identification of patients who might benefit from potentially curative approaches (i.e., surgery) extremely challenging. The obscure CCA pathogenesis and associated etiological factors, as well as the lack of symptoms in patients with early tumor stages, highly compromises CCA identification and to predict tumor development in at-risk populations. Currently, CCA diagnosis is accomplished by the combination of clinical/biochemical features, radiological imaging and non-specific serum tumor biomarkers, although a tumor biopsy is still needed to confirm disease diagnosis. Furthermore, prognostic and predictive biomarkers are still lacking and urgently needed. During the recent years, high-throughput omics-based approaches have identified novel circulating biomarkers (diagnostic and prognostic) that might be included in large, international validation studies in the near future. In this review, we summarize and discuss the most recent advances in the field of biomarker discovery in CCA, providing new insights and future research directions.
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11
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Faraldi M, Gerosa L, Gomarasca M, Sansoni V, Perego S, Ziemann E, Banfi G, Lombardi G. A Physically Active Status Affects the Circulating Profile of Cancer-Associated miRNAs. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050820. [PMID: 33946605 PMCID: PMC8147229 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating miRNAs are ideal diagnostics and prognostics biomarkers in cancer since altered levels of specific miRNAs have been associated to development/progression of several cancers. Physical activity is a recognized preventive strategy against several cancers, but it may also modify the baseline levels of cancer-associated miRNAs and, hence, may act as a confounding pre-analytical variable. This study aimed at understanding whether physical activity-dependent changes in cancer-associated circulating miRNAs profile could act as a confounding variable. A panel comprising 179 miRNAs was assayed in plasma from 20 highly trained and 10 sedentary men. RT-qPCR data were analyzed with the 2−2ΔΔCT methods and normalized on hsa-miR-320d, as determined by bioinformatics analysis. miRNAs associated with the diagnosis of the most prevalent cancers were considered. Only those miRNAs, relevantly associated with cancers, found ≥2-fold up- or downregulated in highly trained subjects compared to sedentary were disclosed. The results reveal that chronic physical activity determined modifications altering the baseline level of several cancer-associated miRNAs and, hence, their diagnostic and prognostic potential. In conclusion, based on our results, a physically active status emerges as an important pre-analytical variable able to alter the basal level of circulating miRNAs, and these alterations might be considered as potentially misleading the analytical output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Faraldi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Laura Gerosa
- Gruppo San Donato Foundation, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02166214068
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
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Debes JD, Romagnoli PA, Prieto J, Arrese M, Mattos AZ, Boonstra A. Serum Biomarkers for the Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071681. [PMID: 33918270 PMCID: PMC8038187 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of global cancer death. Major etiologies of HCC relate to chronic viral infections as well as metabolic conditions. The survival rate of people with HCC is very low and has been attributed to late diagnosis with limited treatment options. Combining ultrasound and the biomarker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is currently one of the most widely used screening combinations for HCC. However, the clinical utility of AFP is controversial, and the frequency and operator-dependence of ultrasound lead to a variable degree of sensitivity and specificity across the globe. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the search for non-invasive serum biomarkers for early detection of HCC to improve prognosis and outcome for patients. We focus on tumor-associated protein markers, immune mediators (cytokines and chemokines), and micro-RNAs in serum or circulating extracellular vesicles and examine their potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- José D. Debes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Correspondence: (J.D.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Pablo A. Romagnoli
- Centro de Investigaciones en Medicina Translacional “Severo Amuchastegui” (CIMETSA), Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Córdoba 5016, Argentina;
| | - Jhon Prieto
- Centro de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas, Bogota CS412, Colombia;
| | - Marco Arrese
- Department of Gastroenterology, Escuela de Medicina, & Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile;
| | - Angelo Z. Mattos
- Graduate Program in Medicine: Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porte Alegre 90050-170, Brazil;
| | - André Boonstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (J.D.D.); (A.B.)
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13
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Abstract
This review provides epidemiological and translational evidence for milk and dairy intake as critical risk factors in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Large epidemiological studies in the United States and Europe identified total dairy, milk and butter intake with the exception of yogurt as independent risk factors of HCC. Enhanced activity of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a hallmark of HCC promoted by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). mTORC1 is also activated by milk protein-induced synthesis of hepatic insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), abundant constituents of milk proteins. Over the last decades, annual milk protein-derived BCAA intake increased 3 to 5 times in Western countries. In synergy with HBV- and HCV-induced secretion of hepatocyte-derived exosomes enriched in microRNA-21 (miR-21) and miR-155, exosomes of pasteurized milk as well deliver these oncogenic miRs to the human liver. Thus, milk exosomes operate in a comparable fashion to HBV- or HCV- induced exosomes. Milk-derived miRs synergistically enhance IGF-1-AKT-mTORC1 signaling and promote mTORC1-dependent translation, a meaningful mechanism during the postnatal growth phase, but a long-term adverse effect promoting the development of HCC. Both, dietary BCAA abundance combined with oncogenic milk exosome exposure persistently overstimulate hepatic mTORC1. Chronic alcohol consumption as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), two HCC-related conditions, increase BCAA plasma levels. In HCC, mTORC1 is further hyperactivated due to RAB1 mutations as well as impaired hepatic BCAA catabolism, a metabolic hallmark of T2DM. The potential HCC-preventive effect of yogurt may be caused by lactobacilli-mediated degradation of BCAAs, inhibition of branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase via production of intestinal medium-chain fatty acids as well as degradation of milk exosomes including their oncogenic miRs. A restriction of total animal protein intake realized by a vegetable-based diet is recommended for the prevention of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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14
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Song T, Li L, Wu S, Liu Y, Guo C, Wang W, Dai L, Zhang T, Wu H, Su B. Peripheral Blood Genetic Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:583714. [PMID: 33777736 PMCID: PMC7991745 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.583714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and has high mortality. Biomarkers related to HCC, such as alpha-fetoprotein, and imaging technology, such as ultrasound and computed tomography, have been used to screen and monitor HCC, but HCC is still difficult to diagnose effectively in the early stage due to the low sensitivity of the above mentioned traditional methods. There is an urgent need for noninvasive biomarkers to facilitate the screening and early diagnosis of HCC. With the advancement of next-generation sequencing, genetic biomarkers are becoming the core of cancer diagnosis. Genetic biomarkers such as peripheral blood circulating tumor DNA, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, and exosomes have become the focus of early HCC diagnostics. HCC genetic biomarkers have been implemented in clinical practice. In this review, we describe the available literature on peripheral blood genetic biomarkers in the diagnosis of early HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China.,Department of Hepatology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Center of Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Caiping Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
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15
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Melnik BC. Lifetime Impact of Cow's Milk on Overactivation of mTORC1: From Fetal to Childhood Overgrowth, Acne, Diabetes, Cancers, and Neurodegeneration. Biomolecules 2021; 11:404. [PMID: 33803410 PMCID: PMC8000710 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of cow's milk is a part of the basic nutritional habits of Western industrialized countries. Recent epidemiological studies associate the intake of cow's milk with an increased risk of diseases, which are associated with overactivated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. This review presents current epidemiological and translational evidence linking milk consumption to the regulation of mTORC1, the master-switch for eukaryotic cell growth. Epidemiological studies confirm a correlation between cow's milk consumption and birthweight, body mass index, onset of menarche, linear growth during childhood, acne vulgaris, type 2 diabetes mellitus, prostate cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, neurodegenerative diseases, and all-cause mortality. Thus, long-term persistent consumption of cow's milk increases the risk of mTORC1-driven diseases of civilization. Milk is a highly conserved, lactation genome-controlled signaling system that functions as a maternal-neonatal relay for optimized species-specific activation of mTORC1, the nexus for regulation of eukaryotic cell growth, and control of autophagy. A deeper understanding of milk´s impact on mTORC1 signaling is of critical importance for the prevention of common diseases of civilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7a, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
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16
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Aalami AH, Abdeahad H, Mesgari M. Circulating miR-21 as a potential biomarker in human digestive system carcinoma: a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis. Biomarkers 2021; 26:103-113. [PMID: 33434077 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1875504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) account for about a quarter of cancers. Lately, the circulating microRNAs as a non-invasive biomarker for identifying and monitoring diseases have been recognized. Several studies have examined the role of miR-21 in digestive system carcinoma. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic role of miR-21 in GICs.Methods: Seventeen studies involving 1700 individuals were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, AUC, SROC, and Q* index were calculated based on true-positive, true-negative, false-negative, and false-positive. Moreover, the subgroup analyses have been performed for miR-21 based on sample types (serum/plasma), normalized genes (U6, miR-16, and miR-39), and ethnicity.Results: The pooled sensitivity 0.722 (95% CI: 0.70-0.74), specificity 0.820 (95% CI: 0.801-0.838), PLR 4.375 (95% CI: 3.226-5.933), NLR 0.308 (95% CI: 0.239-0.398), DOR 16.06 (95% CI: 9.732-26.53) as well as AUC 0.86, and Q* index 0.79 represented the high-grade diagnostic precision of miR-21 in identifying GICs (ESCC, GC, CRC, HCC, and PC).Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that circulating miR-21 levels can be used to monitor the digestive system carcinomas. Therefore, miR-21 can be a useful biomarker of progression and fair diagnosis in GICs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Aalami
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdeahad
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Collogue of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mohammad Mesgari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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17
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Qian F, Wang J, Wang Y, Gao Q, Yan W, Lin Y, Shen L, Xie Y, Jiang X, Shen B. MiR-378a-3p as a putative biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and prognosis: Computational screening with experimental validation. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e307. [PMID: 33634974 PMCID: PMC7882078 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant disease with high morbidity and mortality, and the molecular mechanism for the genesis and progression is complex and heterogeneous. Biomarker discovery is crucial for the personalized and precision treatment of HCC. The accumulation of reported microRNA biomarkers makes it possible to combine computational identification with experimental validation to accelerate the discovery of novel biomarker. RESULTS In the present work, we applied a rational computer-aided biomarker discovery model to screen for the HCC diagnosis biomarker. Two HCC-associated networks were constructed based on the microRNA and mRNA expression profiles, and the potential microRNA biomarkers were identified based on their unique regulatory and influential power in the network. These putative biomarkers were then experimentally validated. One prominent example among these identified biomarkers is MiR-378a-3p: It was shown to independently regulate several important transcription factors such as PLAGL2 and β-catenin, affecting the β-catenin signaling. Such mechanism may indicate a potential tumor suppressor role of MiR-378a-3p and the impact of its abnormal expression on the cell growth and invasion of HCC. CONCLUSIONS A bioinformatics model with network topological and functional characterization was successfully applied to the identification of HCC biomarkers. The predicted microRNA biomarkers were than validated with experiments using human HCC cell lines, model animal, and clinical specimens. The results confirmed the prediction by our proposed model that miR-378a-3p was a putative biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuliang Qian
- Center for Systems BiologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of the First Biliary Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalNavy Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of the First Biliary Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalNavy Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Wenying Yan
- Center for Systems BiologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yuxin Lin
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Li Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yufeng Xie
- Center for Systems BiologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoqing Jiang
- Department of the First Biliary Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalNavy Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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18
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Paciorek P, Żuberek M, Grzelak A. Rola miRNA w rozwoju wybranych nowotworów – potencjalne zastosowanie w diagnostyce*. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.6578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streszczenie
MikroRNA (miRNA) są małymi cząsteczkami kwasu rybonukleinowego, które mimo że nie podlegają procesowi translacji, pełnią ważną funkcję regulacyjną w komórkach eukariotycznych. Ich fizjologiczną funkcją jest utrzymywanie homeostazy komórek. Zaburzona ekspresja miRNA może spowodować rozwój wielu chorób, w tym chorób nowotworowych. Działanie miRNA polega na hamowaniu tworzenia się białek, w tym białek o właściwościach onkogennych i antyonkogennych. Mutacje w miejscach kodowania miRNA mogą prowadzić do nadmiernego lub zmniejszonego wytwarzania wspomnianych białek. Odkrycie miRNA i poznanie ich roli w komórce otworzyło nowe możliwości dla diagnostyki chorób nowotworowych. Zmiany poziomu odpowiednich miRNA, w krwiobiegu lub innych płynach ustrojowych, mogą być markerem diagnostycznym chorób. Diagnostyka onkologiczna mogłaby przebiegać na podstawie badań profilu miRNA pacjenta i porównania go z opracowanymi wcześniej profilami zmian miRNA powiązanymi z występowaniem danego rodzaju choroby nowotworowej. Informacja o zmianach profilu miRNA podstawowych w regulacji ekspresji genów związanych z procesami nowotworzenia, mogłaby się przyczynić do opracowania terapii eksperymentalnych opartych na przywróceniu pierwotnego poziomu miRNA w komórkach, a tym samym, na przywróceniu prawidłowej regulacji ekspresji genów. Coraz nowsze metody wyciszania i włączania ekspresji miRNA mogą w przyszłości zaowocować skutecznymi rozwiązaniami terapeutycznymi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Paciorek
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Mariusz Żuberek
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Agnieszka Grzelak
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
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19
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Franck M, Thon C, Schütte K, Malfertheiner P, Link A. Circulating miR-21-5p level has limited prognostic value in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and is influenced by renal function. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:1031-1045. [PMID: 33312427 PMCID: PMC7701966 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested as biomarkers for malignant diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Specifically, hsa-miR-21-5p (miR-21) is among the most frequently deregulated miRNA in cancer. The diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-21 has been demonstrated in HCC tissue, mostly in the Asian population. Although the impact of various factors has been recently reported for circulating hsa-miR-122-5p (miR-122), at present only limited knowledge is available for miR-21.
AIM To evaluate the value of miR-21 for the assessment of prognosis in HCC patients and to delineate the influence of clinical and preanalytical factors on miR-21 level in sera.
METHODS Patients with confirmed HCC from our European cohort with predominantly alcohol-associated liver damage were included in the study. All subjects were characterized according to their clinical and laboratory work-up and overall survival data were obtained. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for miR-21 and spiked-in cel-miR-39-3p. The results were compared to previously reported miR-122 data.
RESULTS Survival of HCC patients was comparable between patients with low and high serum miR-21 concentration. No association was observed between miR-21 level in sera and Child-Pugh score, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system, or etiology of HCC/liver disease. Age, gender, or pretreatment had no association with miR-21 level. A positive correlation was observed between miR-21 and aspartate aminotransferase (r = 0.2854, P = 0.0061), serum miR-122 (r = 0.2624, P = 0.0120), and the International Normalized Ratio (r = 0.2065, P = 0.0496). Negative correlation of miR-21 with serum creatinine (r = -0.2215, P = 0.0348) suggests renal function as a potential influencing factor in miR-21 biogenesis in blood.
CONCLUSION The results from this work do not support clinically relevant prognostic value of circulating miR-21 in HCC patients in real-life settings. Following systematic evaluation, we identified renal function and aspartate aminotransferase as potential factors that may affect miR-21 concentration in blood. This knowledge should be considered in future miRNA-based biomarker studies not only for HCC but also for other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Franck
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Cosima Thon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schütte
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Niels-Stensen-Kliniken Marienhospital, Osnabrück 49074, Germany
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Alexander Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
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Yang L, Wei C, Li Y, He X, He M. miR-224 is an early-stage biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma with miR-224 and miR-125b as prognostic biomarkers. Biomark Med 2020; 14:1485-1500. [PMID: 33155836 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim was to systematically investigate the miRNA biomarkers for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials & methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of miRNA expression in HCC were performed. Results: A total of 4903 cases from 30 original studies were comprehensively analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of miR-224 in discriminating early-stage HCC patients from benign lesion patients were 0.868 and 0.792, which were superior to α-fetoprotein. Combined miR-224 with α-fetoprotein, the sensitivity and specificity were increased to 0.882 and 0.808. Prognostic survival analysis showed low expression of miR-125b and high expression of miR-224 were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: miR-224 had a prominent diagnostic efficiency in early-stage HCC, with miR-224 and miR-125b being valuable in the prognostic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chunmeng Wei
- Nanning Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yasi Li
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, NY 10003, USA
| | - Xiao He
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical School, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Min He
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.,Key Laboratory of High-Incidence Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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21
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Mocan T, Simão AL, Castro RE, Rodrigues CMP, Słomka A, Wang B, Strassburg C, Wöhler A, Willms AG, Kornek M. Liquid Biopsies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Are We Winning? J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051541. [PMID: 32443747 PMCID: PMC7291267 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. One of the major problems faced by researchers and clinicians in this area is the lack of reliable disease biomarkers, which would allow for an earlier diagnosis, follow-up or prediction of treatment response, among others. In this regard, the “HCC circulome”, defined as the pool of circulating molecules in the bloodstream derived from the primary tumor, represents an appealing target, the so called liquid biopsy. Such molecules encompass circulating tumor proteins, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), and circulating tumor nucleic acids, namely circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA). In this article, we summarize recent findings highlighting the promising role of liquid biopsies as novel potential biomarkers in HCC, emphasizing on its clinical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Mocan
- Octavian Fodor Institute for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iuliu Haţieganu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - André L. Simão
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.S.); (R.E.C.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Rui E. Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.S.); (R.E.C.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Cecília M. P. Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.S.); (R.E.C.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Artur Słomka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Bingduo Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (B.W.); (C.S.)
| | - Christian Strassburg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (B.W.); (C.S.)
| | - Aliona Wöhler
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital Koblenz, 56072 Koblenz, Germany; (A.W.); (A.G.W.)
| | - Arnulf G. Willms
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital Koblenz, 56072 Koblenz, Germany; (A.W.); (A.G.W.)
| | - Miroslaw Kornek
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (B.W.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Wu C, Tang G, Wang X, Zhang J, Chen S, Lu C, Zhang D, Li Y. Micro-RNA-21 rs1292037 A>G polymorphism can predict hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis (HCC), and plays a key role in cell proliferation and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in HCC cell model of IRI. Saudi Med J 2020; 41:383-392. [PMID: 32291425 PMCID: PMC7841620 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2020.4.24994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the predictive function of miR-21 rs1292037 A greater than G polymorphism in survival and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. METHODS The experiment was carried out between July 2018 and July 2019, whereas the prospective clinical study was carried out between January 2014 and January 2019. In this study, 62 HCC patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV), 17 HCC patients without HBV, and 13 healthy controls were investigated. Micro-RNA-21 levels in the blood were identified using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and allele specific PCR for miR-21 rs1292037. Partial hepatectomy was performed in all patients, and the tumor development indicators and survival time were evaluated in a subsequent follow-up. Cell-based simulated IRI model of HCC huh7 cell line was used to determine the functions of miR-21 with respect to IRI and proliferation. RESULTS Micro-RNA-21 levels were significantly increased in HCC patients. Furthermore, an miR- 21 rs1292037 A greater than G polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with HCC prognosis and severity of liver injury after hepatectomy. In vitro study revealed that miR-21 might prevent IRI from occurring, and can induce proliferation in HCC huh7 cells. These functions of miR-21 were demonstrated to be triggered by IL-12A inhibition. CONCLUSION Micro-RNA-21 rs1292037 A greater than G polymorphism can predict IRI and tumor progression by regulating the miR-21/IL-12A.axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China. E-mail.
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Jiang Y, He J, Li Y, Guo Y, Tao H. The Diagnostic Value of MicroRNAs as a Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5179048. [PMID: 31871941 PMCID: PMC6907051 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5179048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in diagnosing cancer has been attracted increasing attention. However, few miRNAs have been applied in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of miRNAs for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at early stages clinically. METHODS A literature search was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases. We explored the diagnostic value of miRNAs in distinguishing HCC from healthy individuals. The quality assessment was performed in Review Manager 5.3 software. The overall sensitivity and specificity and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained with random-effects models through Stata 14.0 software. And heterogeneity was assessed using Q test and I 2 statistics. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted based on the sample, nation, quality of studies, and miRNA profiling. The publication bias was evaluated through Deeks' funnel plot. RESULTS A total of 34 studies, involving in 2747 HCC patients and 2053 healthy individuals, met the inclusion criteria in the 33 included literature studies. In the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve, AUC was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.90-0.94), with 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79-0.88) sensitivity and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83-0.90) specificity. There was no publication bias (P=0.48). CONCLUSION miRNAs in vivo can be acted as a potential diagnostic biomarker for HCC, which can facilitate the early diagnosis of HCC in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jimin He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Yiqin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yongcan Guo
- Clinical Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hualin Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Qu J, Yang J, Chen M, Cui L, Wang T, Gao W, Tian J, Wei R. MicroRNA-21 as a diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pak J Med Sci 2019; 35:1466-1471. [PMID: 31489028 PMCID: PMC6717466 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.35.5.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is one of the oncogenic miRNAs which may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods We systematically searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus from inception to August 15, 2018, and reference lists of identified primary studies. Two independent investigators extracted patient and study characteristics. The sensitivity and specificity of microRNA-21 for HCC detection and were analyzed with a random effect model. The area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to estimate overall test performance. Results A total of 515 HCC patients, and 338 healthy or chronic hepatitis controls from six published studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis. All articles were published in English with moderate-to-high quality. The overall pooled sensitivity and specificity were 85.2% (73.3% to 88.4%) and 79.2% (68.4% to 87.0%), respectively. The AUC area was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.91). The studies had moderate heterogeneity (I2=70.11%). None of the subgroups investigated-ethnicity, controls, sample source-could account for the heterogeneity. Conclusion MiR-21 is a helpful biomarker for early diagnosis of HCC. Nevertheless, the results of the test must be interpreted carefully in the context of medical history, erological tests and imaging examinations for HCC surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Qu
- Juan Qu, Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Jizhi Yang
- Jizhi Yang, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chentangzhuang Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Ming Chen, Department of Hepatopathy and Hepatic Oncology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Lihong Cui
- Lihong Cui, Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Tianxi Wang
- Tianxi Wang, Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Wei Gao, Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Jingjing Tian, Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Rongna Wei
- Rongna Wei, Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
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Peng C, Ye Y, Wang Z, Guan L, Bao S, Li B, Li W. Circulating microRNAs for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2019; 51:621-631. [PMID: 30744930 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM There are no existing biomarkers that demonstrate very reliable performance in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially in the early stage. Studies have shown that numerous aberrantly expressed circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as a diagnostic tool for HCC; however, these studies have produced inconsistent results. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the diagnostic accuracy of circulating miRNAs, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and AFP combined with miRNAs in differentiating HCC patients from non-HCC controls, healthy controls and chronic liver disease controls. We also evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of circulating miRNAs for early-stage HCC. Furthermore, we systematically reviewed the diagnostic effectiveness of single miRNAs and individual miRNA panels. RESULTS Circulating miRNAs showed good diagnostic performance. Compared with single miRNAs, the diagnostic accuracy of miRNA panels was clearly better. The combination of AFP and miRNAs improved the diagnostic accuracy compared with the use of miRNAs or AFP alone. For early-stage HCC patients, circulating miRNAs exhibited relatively satisfactory diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Circulating miRNAs can be used as an early diagnostic marker of HCC. The combination of miRNAs and AFP has great potential as a novel strategy for the diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanshuo Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhanpeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianyue Guan
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Suriguga Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Inner Mongolia people's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Macias RIR, Kornek M, Rodrigues PM, Paiva NA, Castro RE, Urban S, Pereira SP, Cadamuro M, Rupp C, Loosen SH, Luedde T, Banales JM. Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Int 2019; 39 Suppl 1:108-122. [PMID: 30843325 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The high mortality rate of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is due, in part, to the lack of non-invasive approaches able to accurately detect this silent tumour at early stages, when therapeutic options can be potentially curative or may at least increase the overall survival of patients. The fact that the majority of CCA tumours are not linked to any known aetiological factor highly compromises the monitoring of patients at risk for tumour development and also their early diagnosis. Combination of clinical/biochemical features, imaging techniques and analysis of non-specific tumour biomarkers in serum are commonly used to help in the diagnosis of CCA, but tumour biopsy is usually required to confirm the diagnosis. Moreover, no prognostic biomarkers are currently used in the clinical setting, deserving more innovative research, and international validation and consensus. Important efforts have been made in the last few years to identify accurate non-invasive biomarkers, by using innovative techniques and high-throughput omics technologies. This review summarizes and discusses the advances in the investigation of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in CCA and envisions the future directions in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio I R Macias
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Centre for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miroslaw Kornek
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Pedro M Rodrigues
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nuno A Paiva
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Rui E Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sabine Urban
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephen P Pereira
- Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Christian Rupp
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven H Loosen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Centre for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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Jiang S, Jiang W, Xu Y, Wang X, Mu Y, Liu P. Serum miR-21 and miR-26a Levels Negatively Correlate with Severity of Cirrhosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. Microrna 2019; 8:86-92. [PMID: 30147020 DOI: 10.2174/2211536607666180821162850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Accurately evaluating the severity of liver cirrhosis is essential for clinical decision making and disease management. This study aimed to evaluate the value of circulating levels of microRNA (miR)-26a and miR-21 as novel noninvasive biomarkers in detecting severity of cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS Thirty patients with clinically diagnosed chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and 30 healthy individuals were selected. The serum levels of miR-26a and miR-21 were quantified by qRT-PCR. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the miRNAs for detecting the severity of cirrhosis. RESULTS Serum miR-26a and miR-21 levels were found to be significantly downregulated in patients with severe cirrhosis scored at Child-Pugh class C in comparison to healthy controls (miR-26a p<0.01, and miR-21 p<0.001, respectively). The circulating miR-26a and miR-21 levels in patients were positively correlated with serum albumin concentration but negatively correlated with serum total bilirubin concentration and prothrombin time. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that both serum miR-26a and miR-21 levels were associated with a high diagnostic accuracy for patients with cirrhosis scored at Child-Pugh class C (miR-26a Cut-off fold change at ≤0.4, Sensitivity: 84.62%, Specificity: 89.36%, P<0.0001; miR-21 Cut-off fold change at ≤0.6, Sensitivity: 84.62%, Specificity: 78.72%, P<0.0001). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the circulating levels of miR-26a and miR-21 are closely related to the extent of liver decompensation, and the decreased levels are capable of discriminating patients with cirrhosis at Child-Pugh class C from the whole cirrhosis cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shili Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongping Mu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.,E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Zhong XZ, Deng Y, Chen G, Yang H. Investigation of the clinical significance and molecular mechanism of miR-21-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review based on 24 studies and bioinformatics investigation. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:230-246. [PMID: 30655760 PMCID: PMC6313181 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prospective roles and the clinicopathological application of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the present review is based on 24 studies and bioinformatics investigation. Firstly, HCC-associated miR-21-5p data were aggregated from literature databases and two public genomic data repositories, including the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Potential target genes of miR-21-5p in HCC were identified using TCGA and GEO, Natural Language Processing and 14 online software packages. The oncogenic roles of these target genes was probed for understanding using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Hub genes were further investigated by protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis. Comprehensive meta-analysis, including 10 microarrays from GEO datasets, 13 literature studies and TCGA-based RNA sequencing data, indicated a reliable diagnostic capacity of miR-21-5p [area under the curve (AUC), 0.887; sensitivity, 0.78% and specificity, 0.79%]. The healthy control group (AUC, 0.926; sensitivity, 0.87% and specificity, 0.82%) demonstrated high diagnostic capacity of miR-21-5p compared with the chronic hepatitis B infection group (AUC, 0.904; sensitivity, 0.75% and specificity, 0.84%). A total of 10 significant enrichment pathways were indicated by KEGG analysis, with cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction exhibiting the highest score. A total of 5 genes, hepatocyte growth factor, forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), thrombospondin 1, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 were selected from 39 overlapping genes, according to the PPI network. Target genes were assembled in GO terms associated with ‘response to chemical stimulus’, ‘cell surface’ and ‘growth factor binding’. In particular, low expression of FOXO1 and ESR1 was associated with miR-21-5p expression. In conclusion, upregulated expression of miR-21-5p may be a functional regulator of the metabolism or apoptosis in HCC and a novel tumor marker for the early diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhu Zhong
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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29
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Guo G, Zhou J, Yang X, Feng J, Shao Y, Jia T, Huang Q, Li Y, Zhong Y, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. Role of MicroRNAs Induced by Chinese Herbal Medicines Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Brief Review. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1059-1067. [PMID: 30343602 PMCID: PMC6247546 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418805564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, noncoding small RNAs that regulate gene
expression, and consequently several important functions including early embryo
development, cell cycle, programmed cell death, cell differentiation, and
metabolism. While there are no effective treatments available against
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), some Chinese herbal medicines have been shown to
regulate growth, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis of HCC. Many studies
have shown that Chinese herbal medicines regulate the expression of miRNAs and
this may be associated with their ability to control the development of HCC. In
this article, the effects of Chinese herbal medicines on the expression of
miRNAs and their functions in the regulation of HCC have been reviewed and
discussed. miRNAs such as miRNA-221 and miRNA-222 mediated by Chinese herbal
medicines may be good biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guo
- 1 Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Juhua Zhou
- 1 Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogaung Yang
- 2 Hangzhou Hesti Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Feng
- 2 Hangzhou Hesti Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Shao
- 1 Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Jia
- 1 Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingrong Huang
- 1 Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Li
- 1 Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhong
- 3 University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Jones KR, Nabinger SC, Lee S, Sahu SS, Althouse S, Saxena R, Johnson MS, Chalasani N, Gawrieh S, Kota J. Lower expression of tumor microRNA-26a is associated with higher recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing surgical treatment. J Surg Oncol 2018; 118:431-439. [PMID: 30076741 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) exhibit lower tumor microRNA-26a (miR-26a) expression which is associated with worse outcomes. It is unknown if similar miR-26a loss occurs in HCC developed in other liver diseases. We examined tumor miR-26a expression and its impact on recurrence and mortality in a North American HCC cohort. METHODS MiR-26a levels from tumor and surrounding nontumor liver tissue in 186 subjects were collected. We defined lower tumor expression of miR-26a as <1-fold that of the adjacent nontumor liver tissue. RESULTS Viral hepatitis (42%; 40% hepatitis C and 2% HBV), alcohol (19%), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (18%) were the most common causes of liver disease. The prevalence of lower tumor miR-26a expression was 68%, and it was evident in HCCs arising in all etiologies (viral hepatitis 60%, alcohol 61%, and NAFLD 76%). Subjects with lower tumor miR-26a expression had significantly higher tumor recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 5.1; P = 0.016) and higher mortality of borderline significance (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 2.41; P = 0.086). CONCLUSION Reduced miR-26a expression is a common phenomenon in HCC arising in North American patients with different underlying liver diseases and may increase recurrence and mortality after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keaton R Jones
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sarah C Nabinger
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sangbin Lee
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Smiti Snigdha Sahu
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sandra Althouse
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Romil Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mathew S Johnson
- Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Naga Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Samer Gawrieh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Janaiah Kota
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Prospects of Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6579436. [PMID: 30148169 PMCID: PMC6083484 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6579436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health problem and one of the most common malignant tumors. Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These RNAs may be involved in a variety of pathological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, abnormal expression of ncRNAs in HCC may provide potential prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers. This review provides an overview of the role and potential applications of ncRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and snoRNAs in liver cancer.
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Pezzuto F, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Tornesello ML. The Role of Circulating Free DNA and MicroRNA in Non-Invasive Diagnosis of HBV- and HCV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1007. [PMID: 29597259 PMCID: PMC5979406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third and the fifth leading cause of cancer related death worldwide in men and in women, respectively. HCC generally has a poor prognosis, with a very low 5-year overall survival, due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Early tumour detection and timely intervention are the best strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality in HCC patients. Histological evaluation of liver biopsies is the gold standard for cancer diagnosis, although it is an invasive, time-consuming and expensive procedure. Recently, the analysis of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) and RNA molecules released by tumour cells in body fluids, such as blood serum, saliva and urine, has attracted great interest for development of diagnostic assays based on circulating liver cancer molecular biomarkers. Such "liquid biopsies" have shown to be useful for the identification of specific molecular signatures in nucleic acids released by cancer cells, such as gene mutations and altered methylation of DNA as well as variations in the levels of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Body fluids analysis may represent a valuable strategy to monitor liver disease progression in subjects chronically infected with hepatitis viruses or cancer relapse in HCC treated patients. Several studies showed that qualitative and quantitative assays evaluating molecular profiles of circulating cell-free nucleic acids could be successfully employed for early diagnosis and therapeutic management of HCC patients. This review describes the state of art on the use of liquid biopsy for cancer driver gene mutations, deregulated DNA methylation as well as miRNA levels in HCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pezzuto
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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Gao Y, Dai M, Liu H, He W, Lin S, Yuan T, Chen H, Dai S. Diagnostic value of circulating miR-21: An update meta-analysis in various cancers and validation in endometrial cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:68894-68908. [PMID: 27655698 PMCID: PMC5356598 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MiR-21 has been identified as one of the most common proto-oncogenes. It is hypothesized that up-regulated miR-21 could be served as a potential biomarker for human cancer diagnosis. However, inconsistencies or discrepancies about diagnostic accuracy of circulating miR-21 still remain. In this sense, miR-21′s diagnostic value needs to be fully validated. In this study, we performed an update meta-analysis to estimate the diagnostic value of circulating miR-21 in various human cancers. Additionally, we conducted a validation test on 50 endometrial cancer patients, 50 benign lesion patients and 50 healthy controls. A systematical literature search for relevant articles was performed in Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library. A total of 48 studies from 39 articles, involving 3,568 cancer patients and 2,248 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.76 (0.71-0.80), 0.82 (0.79-0.85), 4.3 (3.6-5.1), 0.29 (0.24-0.35), 15 (11-20) and 0.86 (0.83-0.89), respectively. In the validation test, the expression levels of serum miR-21 were significantly higher in benign lesion patients (p = 0.003) and endometrial cancer patients (p = 0.000) compared with that of healthy controls. Endometrial cancer patients showed higher miR-21 expression levels (p = 0.000) compared with benign lesion patients. In conclusion, the meta-analysis shows that circulating miR-21 has excellent performance on the diagnosis for various cancers and the validation test demonstrates that serum miR-21 could be served as a novel biomarker for endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gao
- Medical Science Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China
| | - Meiyu Dai
- Medical Science Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China
| | - Haihua Liu
- Medical Science Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China
| | - Wangjiao He
- Medical Science Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China
| | - Shengzhang Lin
- Medical Science Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China
| | - Tianzhu Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Haematology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China
| | - Shengming Dai
- Medical Science Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China
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34
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Moshiri F, Salvi A, Gramantieri L, Sangiovanni A, Guerriero P, De Petro G, Bassi C, Lupini L, Sattari A, Cheung D, Veneziano D, Nigita G, Shankaraiah RC, Portolani N, Carcoforo P, Fornari F, Bolondi L, Frassoldati A, Sabbioni S, Colombo M, Croce CM, Negrini M. Circulating miR-106b-3p, miR-101-3p and miR-1246 as diagnostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15350-15364. [PMID: 29632649 PMCID: PMC5880609 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer and second leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. Most HCCs occur in a damaged cirrhotic background and it may be difficult to discriminate between regenerative nodules and early HCCs. No dependable molecular biomarker exists for the early detection of HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted attention as potential blood-based biomarkers. To identify circulating miRNAs with diagnostic potential in HCC, we performed preliminary RNAseq studies on plasma samples from a small set of HCC patients, cirrhotic patients and healthy controls. Then, out of the identified miRNAs, we investigated miR-101-3p, miR-106b-3p, miR-1246 and miR-411-5p in plasma of independent HCC patients' cohorts. The use of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) confirmed the aberrant levels of these miRNAs. The diagnostic performances of each miRNA and their combinations were measured using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses: a classifier consisting of miR-101-3p, miR-1246 and miR-106b-3p produced the best diagnostic precision in plasma of HCC vs. cirrhotic patients (AUC = 0.99). A similar performance was found when the levels of miRNAs of HCC patients were compared to healthy controls (AUC = 1.00). We extended the analyses of the same miRNAs to serum samples. In serum of HCC vs. cirrhotic patients, the combination of miR-101-3p and miR-106b-3p exhibited the best diagnostic accuracy with an AUC = 0.96. Thus, circulating miR-101-3p, miR-106b-3p and miR-1246, either individually or in combination, exhibit a considerable potential value as diagnostic biomarkers of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Moshiri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Alessandro Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Gramantieri
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelo Sangiovanni
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Guerriero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Petro
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristian Bassi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Lupini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arash Sattari
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Douglas Cheung
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dario Veneziano
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ram C Shankaraiah
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nazario Portolani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Surgical Clinic, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Carcoforo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Fornari
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Bolondi
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Sabbioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Colombo
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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35
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Cai T, Guan X, Wang H, Fang Y, Long J, Xie X, Zhang Y. MicroRNA-26a regulates ANXA1, rather than DAL-1, in the development of lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5893-5902. [PMID: 29552220 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and role of microRNA-26a (miR-26a) in lung cancer, and to verify whether differentially expressed in adenocarcinoma of the lung (DAL-1) is the target protein of miR-26a. mRNA expression levels of miR-26a and DAL-1 were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression levels of DAL-1 and annexin A1 (ANXA1) were evaluated by western blot analysis. Cell Counting Kit-8, Transwell and wound scratch healing assays were used to characterize the function of miR-26a in lung cancer cells. The association of DAL-1 with miR-26a or ANXA1 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter or two-dimensional gel electrophoresis assays. miR-26a revealed decreased expression levels in lung cancer tissues compared with normal lung tissues, and decreased expression levels in lung cancer cells compared with 16HBE cells. Inhibition of miR-26a promoted lung cancer cell growth, migration and invasion. The DAL-1 protein exhibited downregulated expression levels in lung cancer tissues. DAL-1 was not the direct target gene of miR-26a. The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis assay confirmed that DAL-1 and ANXA1 were associated proteins. Expression levels of the ANXA1 protein were increased following DAL-1 gene silencing. The altered expression level of miR-26a affected the expression of ANXA1, and not of DAL-1. miR-26a demonstrated decreased expression levels in lung cancer cells, and it has an important effect on the biological function of lung cancer cells. However, DAL-1 was not a target gene of miR-26a. As a DAL-1 associated protein, ANXA1 was regulated by miR-26a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonghui Cai
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Guan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jie Long
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Xie
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
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36
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Yang X, Pang YY, He RQ, Lin P, Cen JM, Yang H, Ma J, Chen G. Diagnostic value of strand-specific miRNA-101-3p and miRNA-101-5p for hepatocellular carcinoma and a bioinformatic analysis of their possible mechanism of action. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 8:64-84. [PMID: 29321958 PMCID: PMC5757177 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that miRNA might serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for various types of cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of malignant lesion but the significance of miRNAs in HCC remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to establish the diagnostic value of miR-101-3p/5p in HCC and then further investigate the prospective molecular mechanism via a bioinformatic analysis. First, the miR-101 expression profiles and parallel clinical parameters from 362 HCC patients and 50 adjacent non-HCC tissue samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Second, we aggregated all miR-101-3p/5p expression profiles collected from published literature and the Gene Expression Omnibus and TCGA databases. Subsequently, target genes of miR-101-3p and miR-101-5p were predicted by using the miRWalk database and then overlapped with the differentially expressed genes of HCC identified by natural language processing. Finally, bioinformatic analyses were conducted with the overlapping genes. The level of miR-101 was significantly lower in HCC tissues compared with adjacent non-HCC tissues (P < 0.001), and the area under the curve of the low miR-101 level for HCC diagnosis was 0.925 (P < 0.001). The pooled summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) of miR-101-3p was 0.86, and the combined SROC curve of miR-101-5p was 0.80. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the target genes of both miR-101-3p and miR-101-5p are involved in several pathways that are associated with HCC. The hub genes for miR-101-3p and miR-101-5p were also found. Our results suggested that both miR-101-3p and miR-101-5p might be potential diagnostic markers in HCC, and that they exert their functions via targeting various prospective genes in the same pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- Department of Pathology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Yu-Yan Pang
- Department of Pathology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Ultrasonography First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Jie-Mei Cen
- Department of Medical Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Ultrasonography First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
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37
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Liang L, Zeng JH, Wang JY, He RQ, Ma J, Chen G, Cai XY, Hu XH. Down-regulation of miR-26a-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma: A qRT-PCR and bioinformatics study. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:1494-1509. [PMID: 29113686 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To practically verify the clinical value of miR-26a-5p and thoroughly explore its target genes as well as its potential functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS HCC and adjacent non-cancerous hepatic tissues of 95 HCC patients were collected for analysis using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). For the bioinformatics analysis, we identified potential target genes for miR-26a-5p from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets and miRWalk predicted database. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses were applied to analyze the prospective mechanisms of the predicted target genes. RESULTS MiR-26a-5p showed a significantly lower expression level in HCC tissues (1.56±1.07) than adjacent benign liver tissues (2.28±1.06, P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was 0.665 (95% CI: 0.588-0.743, P<0.001). Significant correlations between miR-26a-5p expression and clinicopathological features such as gender (r=0.275, P<0.01), clinical TNM stage (r=-0.306, P<0.01), and metastasis (r=-0.321, P<0.01) were observed. To examine potential target genes, we obtained 175 genes for further function analysis, by attaining the intersection of 2062 up-regulated DEGs and 1390 online-predicted target genes. The GO and KEGG pathway annotation indicated focal adhesion, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway as significant prospective mechanisms. The PPI network indicated that NRAS was the most essential hub gene in the whole network. CONCLUSION Down-regulated miR-26a-5p was closely correlated with the status of metastasis and the progression of HCC. MiR-26a-5p might play protective roles by targeting diverse genes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jiang-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yong Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Hua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China.
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38
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Okajima W, Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, Miyamae M, Ohashi T, Imamura T, Kiuchi J, Nishibeppu K, Arita T, Konishi H, Shiozaki A, Morimura R, Ikoma H, Okamoto K, Otsuji E. Liquid biopsy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Circulating tumor cells and cell-free nucleic acids. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:5650-5668. [PMID: 28883691 PMCID: PMC5569280 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i31.5650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with its high incidence and mortality rate, is one of the most common malignant tumors. Despite recent development of a diagnostic and treatment method, the prognosis of HCC remains poor. Therefore, to provide optimal treatment for each patient with HCC, more precise and effective biomarkers are urgently needed which could facilitate a more detailed individualized decision-making during HCC treatment, including the following; risk assessment, early cancer detection, prediction of treatment or prognostic outcome. In the blood of cancer patients, accumulating evidence about circulating tumor cells and cell-free nucleic acids has suggested their potent clinical utilities as novel biomarker. This concept, so-called “liquid biopsy” is widely known as an alternative approach to cancer tissue biopsy. This method might facilitate a more sensitive diagnosis and better decision-making by obtaining genetic and epigenetic aberrations that are closely associated with cancer initiation and progression. In this article, we review recent developments based on the available literature on both circulating tumor cells and cell-free nucleic acids in cancer patients, especially focusing on Hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Okajima
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mahito Miyamae
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takuma Ohashi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Taisuke Imamura
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Jun Kiuchi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Keiji Nishibeppu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ryo Morimura
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ikoma
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okamoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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39
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Circulating miRNAs as novel diagnostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma detection: a meta-analysis based on 24 articles. Oncotarget 2017; 8:66402-66413. [PMID: 29029522 PMCID: PMC5630422 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic value and suitability of circulating miRNAs for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma have been inconsistent in the literature. A meta-analysis is used to systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating miRNAs. Eligible studies were selected and the heterogeneity was assessed by subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and publication bias. After strictly and comprehensive screening, the source methods, internal reference and the cut-off values of the included miRNAs were first listed. Circulating miRNAs demonstrated a relatively good diagnostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma, In the subgroup analysis, diagnosis odds ratio showed a higher accuracy with multiple miRNAs than with a single miRNA as well as with serum types than plasma types. In addition, although miRNAs have many expression patterns, the high frequency expression miRNAs (miR-21, miR-199 and miR-122) might be more specific for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.The sources of heterogeneity might be related to the number of miRNAs and the specimen types in meta-regression. Furthermore, it’s surprised that the pooled studies were first demonstrated publication bias (P < 0.05). In conclusion, multiple miRNAs in serum have a better diagnostic value, and the publication bias was stable. To validate the potential applicability of miRNAs in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, more rigorous studies are needed to confirm these conclusions.
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40
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Larrea E, Sole C, Manterola L, Goicoechea I, Armesto M, Arestin M, Caffarel MM, Araujo AM, Araiz M, Fernandez-Mercado M, Lawrie CH. New Concepts in Cancer Biomarkers: Circulating miRNAs in Liquid Biopsies. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050627. [PMID: 27128908 PMCID: PMC4881453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective and efficient management of cancer patients relies upon early diagnosis and/or the monitoring of treatment, something that is often difficult to achieve using standard tissue biopsy techniques. Biological fluids such as blood hold great possibilities as a source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers that can act as surrogate markers to biopsy-based sampling. The non-invasive nature of these “liquid biopsies” ultimately means that cancer detection may be earlier and that the ability to monitor disease progression and/or treatment response represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of cancer patients. Below, we review one of the most promising classes of circulating cancer biomarkers: microRNAs (miRNAs). In particular, we will consider their history, the controversy surrounding their origin and biology, and, most importantly, the hurdles that remain to be overcome if they are really to become part of future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Larrea
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Carla Sole
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Lorea Manterola
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Ibai Goicoechea
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Armesto
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Arestin
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María M Caffarel
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Angela M Araujo
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Araiz
- Hematology Department, Donostia Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | | | - Charles H Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
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41
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Abstract
Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC is a suitable model of inflammation-induced cancer because more than 90% of HCC cases are caused by liver damage and chronic inflammation. Several inflammatory response pathways, such as NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways, play roles in the crosstalk between inflammation and HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved, short endogenous, non-coding single-stranded RNAs that are involved in various biological and pathological processes by regulating gene expression and protein translation. Evidence showed that miRNAs play a pivotal role in hepatitis virus infection and serve as promoters or inhibitors of inflammatory response. Aberrant miRNA was observed during liver inflammation and HCC. Many dysregulated miRNAs modulate the initiation and progression of inflammation-induced HCC. This review summarizes the role and functions of miRNAs in inflammation-associated HCC, as well as the designed therapeutics targeting miRNAs to treat liver inflammation and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huan
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lin-Hui Liang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiang-Huo He
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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