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Ajeeb TT, Gonzalez E, Solomons NW, Vossenaar M, Koski KG. Human milk microbiome: associations with maternal diet and infant growth. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1341777. [PMID: 38529196 PMCID: PMC10962684 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1341777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ingestion of human milk (HM) is identified as a significant factor associated with early infant gut microbial colonization, which has been associated with infant health and development. Maternal diet has been associated with the HM microbiome (HMM). However, a few studies have explored the associations among maternal diet, HMM, and infant growth during the first 6 months of lactation. Methods For this cross-sectional study, Mam-Mayan mother-infant dyads (n = 64) were recruited from 8 rural communities in the Western Highlands of Guatemala at two stages of lactation: early (6-46 days postpartum, n = 29) or late (109-184 days postpartum, n = 35). Recruited mothers had vaginally delivered singleton births, had no subclinical mastitis or antibiotic treatments, and breastfed their infants. Data collected at both stages of lactation included two 24-h recalls, milk samples, and infant growth status indicators: head-circumference-for-age-z-score (HCAZ), length-for-age-z-score (LAZ), and weight-for-age-z-score (WAZ). Infants were divided into subgroups: normal weight (WAZ ≥ -1SD) and mildly underweight (WAZ < -1SD), non-stunted (LAZ ≥ -1.5SD) and mildly stunted (LAZ < -1.5SD), and normal head-circumference (HCAZ ≥ -1SD) and smaller head-circumference (HCAZ < -1SD). HMM was identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing; amplicon analysis was performed with the high-resolution ANCHOR pipeline, and DESeq2 identified the differentially abundant (DA) HMM at the species-level between infant growth groups (FDR < 0.05) in both early and late lactation. Results Using both cluster and univariate analyses, we identified (a) positive correlations between infant growth clusters and maternal dietary clusters, (b) both positive and negative associations among maternal macronutrient and micronutrient intakes with the HMM at the species level and (c) distinct correlations between HMM DA taxa with maternal nutrient intakes and infant z-scores that differed between breast-fed infants experiencing growth faltering and normal growth in early and late lactation. Conclusion Collectively, these findings provide important evidence of the potential influence of maternal diet on the early-life growth of breastfed infants via modulation of the HMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara T. Ajeeb
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emmanuel Gonzalez
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Noel W. Solomons
- Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Marieke Vossenaar
- Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Guatemala City, Guatemala
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Jhamb I, Freeman A, Lotfi MR, VanOrmer M, Hanson C, Anderson-Berry A, Thoene M. Evaluation of Vitamin E Isoforms in Placental Tissue and Their Relationship with Maternal Dietary Intake and Plasma Concentrations in Mother-Infant Dyads. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1797. [PMID: 37891877 PMCID: PMC10604073 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
α-tocopherol is a vitamin E isoform with potent antioxidant activity, while the γ-tocopherol isoform of vitamin E exerts more pro-inflammatory effects. In maternal-fetal environments, increased plasma α-tocopherol concentrations are associated with positive birth outcomes, while higher γ-tocopherol concentrations are linked with negative pregnancy outcomes. However, little is known about tocopherol concentrations in placental tissue and their role in modulating placental oxidative stress, a process that is implicated in many complications of pregnancy. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the concentrations of α- and γ-tocopherol in placental tissue and assess relationships with maternal and umbilical cord plasma concentrations. A total of 82 mother-infant dyads were enrolled at the time of delivery, and maternal and umbilical cord blood samples and placenta samples were collected. α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations in these samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). γ-tocopherol concentrations demonstrated significant, positive correlations among all sample types (p-values < 0.001). Placental tissue had a significantly lower ratio of α:γ-tocopherol concentrations when compared to maternal plasma and umbilical cord plasma (2.9 vs. 9.9 vs. 13.2, respectively; p < 0.001). Additional research should explore possible mechanisms for tocopherol storage and transfer in placental tissue and assess relationships between placental tocopherol concentrations and measures of maternal-fetal oxidative stress and clinical outcomes of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Jhamb
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alyssa Freeman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Michelle R. Lotfi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Matthew VanOrmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Corrine Hanson
- College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ann Anderson-Berry
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Melissa Thoene
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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3
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Ajayi AF, Onaolapo MC, Omole AI, Adeyemi WJ, Oluwole DT. Mechanism associated with changes in male reproductive functions during ageing process. Exp Gerontol 2023; 179:112232. [PMID: 37315721 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a natural process with physiological changes in different body parts and has been associated with decreased reproductive capacity. Factors such as imbalance in the antioxidant defence system, vascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, accessory reproductive glands infection, obesity as well as buildup of toxic substances play a role in age-related male reproductive malfunction. Age is inversely proportional to volume of semen, sperm count, sperm progressive motility, sperm viability, normal sperm morphology. The observed negative correlation between ageing and semen indices contributes to male infertility and reproductive decline. Normal levels of ROS, plays crucial role in facilitating sperm function, such as capacitation, hyper-activation, acrosome reaction as well as sperm-oocyte fusion; however, a substantial elevation in the endogenous level of ROS, especially in reproductive tissues, usually instigates destruction of sperm cells and heightened male infertility. Contrarily, antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and micronutrients like zinc and folate, have been found by researchers to facilitate normal semen quality and male reproductive function. Furthermore, the role of hormonal imbalance as a result of the compromised hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, Sertoli and Leydig cells disorder, and nitric oxide-medicated erectile dysfunction during ageing cannot be undermined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Anchor Biomed Research Institute, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | | | - Ayomide Isaac Omole
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - David Tolulope Oluwole
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Crescent University, Abeokuta, Ogun-State, Nigeria
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Sánchez-Campillo M, Gázquez A, Serrano-Munuera A, Arnao MB, Avilés-Plaza F, Garcia-Serna AM, Noguera-Velasco JA, Martínez-López de Castro A, Martínez-Graciá C, Suárez-Martínez C, Santaella-Pascual M, Vioque J, Montoya-Hernández C, Ballesteros-Meseguer C, Sánchez-Ferrer M, Perez-Fernandez V, Morales E, García-Marcos L, Larqué E. Serum Vitamins A and E at Mid-Pregnancy and Their Relationships with Both Maternal and Cord Blood Antioxidant Status and Perinatal Conditions: The NELA Cohort. ANNALS OF NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2023; 79:313-325. [PMID: 37271133 DOI: 10.1159/000531239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most of the pregnant women do not achieve the recommended dietary intake of vitamins A and E. These vitamins may counteract oxidative stress involved in some adverse perinatal outcomes. We aimed to assess the associations between maternal vitamin A and E at mid-pregnancy with both maternal and fetal outcomes and to identify possible early biomarkers during pregnancy to predict and prevent oxidative stress in the offspring. METHODS Data on dietary and serum levels of vitamins A and E were collected from 544 pregnant women from the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) study, a prospective mother-child cohort set up in Spain. RESULTS There were large discrepancies between low dietary vitamin E intake (78% of the mothers) and low serum vitamin E levels (3%) at 24 weeks of gestation. Maternal serum vitamins A and E at mid-pregnancy were associated with higher antioxidant status not only in the mother at this time point (lower hydroperoxides and higher total antioxidant activity [TAA]) but also with the newborn at birth (higher TAA). Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was negatively associated with maternal serum vitamin A (OR: 0.95 CI: 0.91-0.99, p = 0.009) at mid-pregnancy. Nevertheless, we could not detect any association between GDM and oxidative stress parameters. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, maternal vitamin A and E serum levels may be used as an early potential biomarker of antioxidant status of the neonate at birth. Control of these vitamins during pregnancy could help avoid morbid conditions in the newborn caused by oxidative stress in GDM pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sánchez-Campillo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Gázquez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Marino B Arnao
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Avilés-Plaza
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Azahara M Garcia-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José A Noguera-Velasco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez-López de Castro
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-Graciá
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Clara Suárez-Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Montoya-Hernández
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ballesteros-Meseguer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marisa Sánchez-Ferrer
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Virginia Perez-Fernandez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Sociosanitary Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- ARADyAL Allergy Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Larqué
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
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Vitamin E Levels in Preterm and Full-Term Infants: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112257. [PMID: 35684057 PMCID: PMC9183035 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E deficiency (VED) is associated with clinical repercussions in preterm newborns (PTN), but low levels are also found in full-term newborns (TN). As this inadequacy can compromise neurogenesis in childhood, studies are needed to assess whether there is a difference in vitamin E status among newborns according to gestational age to provide support for neonatal monitoring protocols. This systematic review presents a synthesis of the available information on the vitamin E status among PTN and TN. The review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Observational studies that evaluated alpha-tocopherol levels were searched in the databases reported in the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021165152). The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality. Overall, 1809 articles were retrieved; 10 were included in the systematic review. In the PTN, the alpha-tocopherol levels ranged from 3.9 to 8.5 mmol/L, while in TN, they were 4.9 to 14.9 mmol/L, and VED ranged from 19% to 100% in newborns. Despite substantial heterogeneity in research methodology and VED classification, the results suggest that the alpha-tocopherol levels among preterm and full-term newborns is below the recommended levels. Our findings demonstrate that further investigations are needed to standardize this classification and to monitor vitamin E status in birth and postnatal with adequate bias control.
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D’Souza EE, Vyas R, Sisitsky M, Feldman HA, Gagoski B, Litt J, Larsen RJ, Kuchan MJ, Lasekan JB, Sutton BP, Grant PE, Ou Y, Morton SU. Increased Breastfeeding Proportion Is Associated with Improved Gross Motor Skills at 3-5 Years of Age: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:2215. [PMID: 35684014 PMCID: PMC9182886 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breastmilk provides key nutrients and bio-active factors that contribute to infant neurodevelopment. Optimizing maternal nutrition could provide further benefit to psychomotor outcomes. Our observational cohort pilot study aims to determine if breastfeeding extent and breastmilk nutrients correlate with psychomotor outcomes at school age. The breastfeeding proportion at 3 months of age and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3-5 years of age were recorded for 33 typically developing newborns born after uncomplicated pregnancies. The association between categorical breastfeeding proportion and neurodevelopmental outcome scores was determined for the cohort using a Spearman correlation with and without the inclusion of parental factors. Vitamin E and carotenoid levels were determined in breastmilk samples from 14 of the mothers. After the inclusion of parental education and income as covariates, motor skill scores positively correlated with breastmilk contents of α-tocopherol (Spearman coefficient 0.88, p-value = 0.02), translutein (0.98, p-value = 0.0007), total lutein (0.92, p-value = 0.01), and zeaxanthin (0.93, p-value = 0.0068). Problem solving skills negatively correlated with the levels of the RSR enantiomer of α-tocopherol (-0.86, p-value = 0.03). Overall, higher exposure to breastfeeding was associated with improved gross motor and problem-solving skills at 3-5 years of age. The potential of α-tocopherol, lutein, and zeaxanthin intake to provide neurodevelopmental benefit is worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica E. D’Souza
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.E.D.); (R.V.); (H.A.F.); (P.E.G.); (Y.O.)
| | - Rutvi Vyas
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.E.D.); (R.V.); (H.A.F.); (P.E.G.); (Y.O.)
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Michaela Sisitsky
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Henry A. Feldman
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.E.D.); (R.V.); (H.A.F.); (P.E.G.); (Y.O.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Borjan Gagoski
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.S.); (B.G.)
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan Litt
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Ryan J. Larsen
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (R.J.L.); (B.P.S.)
| | | | - John B. Lasekan
- Abbott Laboratories, Columbus, OH 43219, USA; (M.J.K.); (J.B.L.)
| | - Brad P. Sutton
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (R.J.L.); (B.P.S.)
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Patricia Ellen Grant
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.E.D.); (R.V.); (H.A.F.); (P.E.G.); (Y.O.)
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.S.); (B.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yangming Ou
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.E.D.); (R.V.); (H.A.F.); (P.E.G.); (Y.O.)
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.S.); (B.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah U. Morton
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.E.D.); (R.V.); (H.A.F.); (P.E.G.); (Y.O.)
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (M.S.); (B.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Abstract
In evaluating vitamin E (VE) nutritional status of preterm infants, it is essential that any data should be compared with those of healthy term infants, and never with those of adults. Moreover, it should be evaluated in terms of gestational age (GA), not birth weight (BW), because placental transfer of most nutrients from mother to fetus is dependent on GA, not BW. Judging from the limited data during the last 75 years, there was no significant correlation between GA and VE concentrations in circulation or in the red blood cells (RBCs), leukocytes, and buccal mucosal cells. In addition, the oxidizability of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in plasma or RBCs, as targets for protection by VE chain-breaking ability, was lower in preterm infants. However, because of the minimal information available about hepatic VE levels, which is considered a key determinant of whole body VE status, the decision on whether VE status of preterm infants is comparable with that of term infants should be postponed. Clinical trials of VE supplementation in preterm infants were repeatedly undertaken to investigate whether VE reduces severity or inhibits development of several diseases specific to preterm infants, namely retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and germinal matrix hemorrhage - intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH). Most of these trials resulted in a misfire, with a few exceptions for IVH prevention. However, almost all these studies were performed from 1980s to early 1990s, in the pre-surfactant era, and the study populations were composed of mid-preterm infants with GAs of approximately 30 weeks (wks). There is considerable difference in 'preterm infants' between the pre- and post-surfactant eras; modern neonatal medicine mainly treats preterm infants of 28 wks GA or less. Therefore, these results are difficult to apply in modern neonatal care. Before considering new trials of VE supplementation, we should fully understand modern neonatal medicine, especially the recent method of oxygen supplementation. Additionally, a deeper understanding of recent progress in pathophysiology and therapies for possible target diseases is necessary to decide whether VE administration is still worth re-challenging in modern neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). In this review, we present recent concepts and therapeutic trends in ROP, BPD, and GMH-IVH for those unfamiliar with neonatal medicine. Numerous studies have reported the possible involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage in relation to supplemental oxygen use, inflammation, and immature antioxidant defense in the development of both BPD and ROP. Various antioxidants effectively prevented the exacerbation of BPD and ROP in animal models. In the future, VE should be re-attempted as a complementary factor in combination with various therapies for BPD, ROP, and GMH-IVH. Because VE is a natural and safe supplement, we are certain that it will attract attention again in preterm medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Ogihara
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Makoto Mino
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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Wang J, Li M, Geng Z, Khattak S, Ji X, Wu D, Dang Y. Role of Oxidative Stress in Retinal Disease and the Early Intervention Strategies: A Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7836828. [PMID: 36275903 PMCID: PMC9586758 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7836828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The retina, owing to its cellular anatomy and physical location, is susceptible to generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are associated with several major retinal diseases. When ROS exceeds the body's natural antioxidants, the retina is in a state of oxidative stress, which is recognized as the pathogenesis of retinal diseases. The early stage of the pathogenic process is an adaptive change in which oxidative stress and endogenous defense mechanisms occur. If no treatment is applied, the retinal diseases will progress to the pathological stage with neuronal and vascular dysfunction or damage and even blindness. This review summarizes the role of oxidative stress in several common retinal diseases, including retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and retinopathy of prematurity. In addition, we discuss the early intervention strategies for these diseases. An outline is provided to identify potential intervention targets for further research. Early intervention for retinal diseases is necessary and urgent and may offer hope to improve patients' quality of life through functional vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengling Li
- College of Acu-Moxibustion and Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Ziyue Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xinying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dongdong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
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Kuchan MJ, DeMichele SJ, Schimpf KJ, Chen X. α-Tocopherol Stereoisomer Profiles in Matched Human Maternal and Umbilical Cord Plasma. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab073. [PMID: 34104848 PMCID: PMC8178107 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-Tocopherol (αT) is essential for fetal development. One study has shown that the human placenta preferentially transfers the natural stereoisomer, RRR-αT. But prenatal supplements generally contain synthetic αT (S-αT). OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine if umbilical cord plasma is enriched for RRR-αT in racially diverse neonates from both uncomplicated and complicated pregnancies and if cord RRR-αT enrichment is impacted by maternal αT stereoisomer profile. METHODS We measured αT and αT stereoisomers in plasma from a randomly selected subset of 66 predominantly black and Hispanic maternal-fetal pairs from the Camden Study involving control (n = 28) and complicated pregnancies (n = 38). We collected maternal plasma at study entry (week 16 gestation; w16) and week 28 gestation (w28) and cord plasma at birth. RESULTS RRR-αT was the predominant stereoisomer in all maternal and cord plasma samples, but S-αT stereoisomers were found in most samples and comprised a high percentage of αT in some maternal-neonate pairs. Cord plasma had a higher percentage RRR-αT (P < 0.05) and lower percentage S-αT (P < 0.0001) than w28 plasma. Pregnancy status did not impact maternal or cord plasma concentrations of αT, RRR-αT, or S-αT; except plasma from complicated pregnancies was higher in S-αT at w28 than at w16 (P < 0.05). Maternal w28 αT did not correlate with cord αT. However, both maternal w28 αT and S-αT positively correlated with both cord S-αT (r = 0.340, P = 0.0049; r = 0.538, P < 0.00001) and percentage S-αT (r = 0.399, P = 0.001; r = 0.786, P < 0.00001) but negatively correlated with cord percentage RRR-αT (r = -0.399, P = 0.0009; r = -0.786, P < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS The proportion of RRR-αT was higher in cord compared with maternal plasma in both uncomplicated and complicated pregnancies. Our data suggest that maternal S-αT raises cord S-αT and decreases the proportion of RRR-αT in the neonatal circulation. Because the bioactivities of RRR-αT and S-αT differ, this warrants future research to determine the importance of our observations to neonatal αT status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen J Schimpf
- Abbott Nutrition, Analytical Research and Development, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
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Thoene M, Van Ormer M, Yuil-Valdes A, Bruett T, Natarajan SK, Mukherjee M, Thompson M, Nordgren TM, Van Lippevelde W, Overby NC, Adu-Bonsaffoh K, Anderson-Berry A, Hanson C. Fat-soluble nutrients and Omega-3 fatty acids as modifiable factors influencing preterm birth risk. Placenta 2019; 98:38-42. [PMID: 33039030 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth is a leading cause of child morbidity and mortality, so strategies to reduce early birth must remain a priority. One key approach to enhancing birth outcomes is improving maternal dietary intake. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss mechanisms on perinatal status of fat-soluble nutrients (carotenoids, retinol, tocopherols) and omega-3 fatty acids and how they impact risk for preterm birth. Literature review demonstrates that maternal dietary intake and biological (blood and placental tissue) levels of fat-soluble nutrients during pregnancy may provide antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory health benefits. Omega-3 fatty acids also promote increased production of specialized pro-resolving mediators, subsequently mediating inflammation resolution. Combined effects of these nutrients support appropriate placental organogenesis and function. Consequently, fat-soluble nutrients and omega-3 fatty acids serve as strong influencers for preterm birth risk. As dietary intake remains a modifiable factor, future intervention would benefit from a focus on optimizing perinatal status of these specific nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Thoene
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Matthew Van Ormer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Ana Yuil-Valdes
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Taylor Bruett
- Department of Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
| | - Sathish Kumar Natarajan
- Department of Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
| | - Maheswari Mukherjee
- Cytotechnology Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Maranda Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Wendy Van Lippevelde
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Post-box 422, N-4604, Kristiansand, Norway; Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organization, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Nina C Overby
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Post-box 422, N-4604, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Kwame Adu-Bonsaffoh
- University of Ghana Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, P.O. Box GP 4236, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Ann Anderson-Berry
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Corrine Hanson
- Medical Nutrition Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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A Comparison of Vitamin E Status and Associated Pregnancy Outcomes in Maternal⁻Infant Dyads between a Nigerian and a United States Population. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091300. [PMID: 30223433 PMCID: PMC6163868 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and vitamin E has powerful anti-oxidant properties with the potential to impact health outcomes. Tocopherol isomers of vitamin E differ in their ability to modulate inflammation and vary in concentration in diets containing high proportions of processed versus unprocessed foods. The purpose of this study was to compare vitamin E status and associated pregnancy outcomes (mode of delivery, chorioamnionitis, APGARs (measure of appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration), gestational age at delivery, and fetal growth) between maternal–infant dyads in a developed and a developing nation to identify potentially modifiable differences that may impact pregnancy and neonatal outcomes and provide a way to improve maternal and neonatal health. Plasma tocopherol levels were evaluated in 189 Midwestern United States (US) mother–infant pairs and 99 Central Nigerian mother–infant pairs. Maternal and infant concentrations of α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol were measured using HPLC with diode-array detection. Descriptive statistics were calculated and tocopherol concentrations were associated with clinical outcomes such as mode of delivery, chorioamnionitis, APGARS, and fetal growth. Alpha- and γ-tocopherol levels were higher in the US mothers, (alpha: 12,357.9 (175.23–34,687.75) vs. 8333.1 (1576.59–16,248.40) (mcg/L); p < 0.001) (gamma: 340.7 (224.59–4385.95) vs. 357.5 (66.36–1775.31) (mcg/L); p < 0.001), while δ-tocopherol levels were higher in the Nigerian mothers (delta: 261.7 (24.70–1324.71) vs. 368.9 (43.06–1886.47) (mcg/L); p < 0.001). US infants had higher γ-tocopherol levels than Nigerian infants (203.1 (42.53–1953.23) vs. 113.8 (0.00–823.00) (mcg/L); p < 0.001), while both the Nigerian mothers and infants had higher α:γ-tocopherol ratios (8.5 vs. 26.2, and 8.9 vs. 18.8, respectively; p < 0.001). Our results in both populations show associations between increased circulating γ-tocopherol and negative outcomes like Caesarian sections, in contrast to the associations with positive outcomes such as vaginal delivery seen with increased α:γ-tocopherol ratios. Growth was positively associated with α- and γ-tocopherols in cord blood in the US population, and with cord blood δ-tocopherols in the Nigerian population. Tocopherol levels likely impact health outcomes in pregnancy in a complicated metabolism across the maternal–fetal axis that appears to be potentially influenced by culture and available diet.
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