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Xu P, Kong Y, Palmer ND, Ng MCY, Zhang B, Das SK. Integrated multi-omic analyses uncover the effects of aging on cell-type regulation in glucose-responsive tissues. Aging Cell 2024:e14199. [PMID: 38932492 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging significantly influences cellular activity and metabolism in glucose-responsive tissues, yet a comprehensive evaluation of the impacts of aging and associated cell-type responses has been lacking. This study integrates transcriptomic, methylomic, single-cell RNA sequencing, and metabolomic data to investigate aging-related regulations in adipose and muscle tissues. Through coexpression network analysis of the adipose tissue, we identified aging-associated network modules specific to certain cell types, including adipocytes and immune cells. Aging upregulates the metabolic functions of lysosomes and downregulates the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) degradation pathway. Additionally, aging-associated changes in cell proportions, methylation profiles, and single-cell expressions were observed in the adipose. In the muscle tissue, aging was found to repress the metabolic processes of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, along with reduced gene activity of fast-twitch type II muscle fibers. Metabolomic profiling linked aging-related alterations in plasma metabolites to gene expression in glucose-responsive tissues, particularly in tRNA modifications, BCAA metabolism, and sex hormone signaling. Together, our multi-omic analyses provide a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of aging on glucose-responsive tissues and identify potential plasma biomarkers for these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yimeng Kong
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Swapan K Das
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Talari NK, Mattam U, Kaminska D, Sotomayor-Rodriguez I, Rahman AP, Péterfy M, Pajukanta P, Pihlajamäki J, Chella Krishnan K. Hepatokine ITIH3 protects against hepatic steatosis by downregulating mitochondrial bioenergetics and de novo lipogenesis. iScience 2024; 27:109709. [PMID: 38689636 PMCID: PMC11059128 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that liver secretory proteins, also known as hepatokines, regulate normal development, obesity, and simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression. Using a panel of ∼100 diverse inbred strains of mice and a cohort of bariatric surgery patients, we found that one such hepatokine, inter-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 3 (ITIH3), was progressively lower in severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) disease states highlighting an inverse relationship between Itih3/ITIH3 expression and NAFLD severity. Follow-up animal and cell culture models demonstrated that hepatic ITIH3 overexpression lowered liver triglyceride and lipid droplet accumulation, respectively. Conversely, ITIH3 knockdown in mice increased the liver triglyceride in two independent NAFLD models. Mechanistically, ITIH3 reduced mitochondrial respiration and this, in turn, reduced liver triglycerides, via downregulated de novo lipogenesis. This was accompanied by increased STAT1 signaling and Stat3 expression, both of which are known to protect against NAFLD/NASH. Our findings indicate hepatokine ITIH3 as a potential biomarker and/or treatment for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noble Kumar Talari
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ushodaya Mattam
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dorota Kaminska
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irene Sotomayor-Rodriguez
- Medical Sciences Baccalaureate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Afra P. Rahman
- Medical Sciences Baccalaureate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Miklós Péterfy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Päivi Pajukanta
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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3
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Chand S, Tripathi AS, Dewani AP, Sheikh NWA. Molecular targets for management of diabetes: Remodelling of white adipose to brown adipose tissue. Life Sci 2024; 345:122607. [PMID: 38583857 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterised metabolic dysfunction that results in elevated glucose level in the bloodstream. Diabetes is of two types, type1 and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is considered as one of the major reasons intended for incidence of diabetes hence it turns out to be essential to study about the adipose tissue which is responsible for fat storage in body. Adipose tissues play significant role in maintaining the balance between energy stabilization and homeostasis. The three forms of adipose tissue are - White adipose tissue (WAT), Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and Beige adipose tissue (intermediate form). The amount of BAT gets reduced, and WAT starts to increase with the age. WAT when exposed to certain stimuli gets converted to BAT by the help of certain transcriptional regulators. The browning of WAT has been a matter of study to treat the metabolic disorders and to initiate the expenditure of energy. The three main regulators responsible for the browning of WAT are PRDM16, PPARγ and PGC-1α via various cellular and molecular mechanism. Presented review article includes the detailed elaborative aspect of genes and proteins involved in conversion of WAT to BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushmita Chand
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Shiomurti Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology, ERA College of Pharmacy, ERA University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anil P Dewani
- Department of Pharmacology, P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India
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4
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Zhang L, Cai X, Ma F, Qiao X, Ji J, Ma JA, Vergnes L, Zhao Y, Yao Y, Wu X, Boström KI. Two-step regulation by matrix Gla protein in brown adipose cell differentiation. Mol Metab 2024; 80:101870. [PMID: 38184275 PMCID: PMC10832489 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is intricately involved in adipose tissue development. BMP7 together with BMP4 have been implicated in brown adipocyte differentiation but their roles during development remains poorly specified. Matrix Gla protein (MGP) inhibits BMP4 and BMP7 and is expressed in endothelial and progenitor cells. The objective was to determine the role of MGP in brown adipose tissue (BAT) development. METHODS The approach included global and cell-specific Mgp gene deletion in combination with RNA analysis, immunostaining, thermogenic activity, and in vitro studies. RESULTS The results revealed that MGP directs brown adipogenesis at two essential steps. Endothelial-derived MGP limits triggering of white adipogenic differentiation in the perivascular region, whereas MGP derived from adipose cells supports the transition of CD142-expressing progenitor cells to brown adipogenic maturity. Both steps were important to optimize the thermogenic function of BAT. Furthermore, MGP derived from both sources impacted vascular growth. Reduction of MGP in either endothelial or adipose cells expanded the endothelial cell population, suggesting that MGP is a factor in overall plasticity of adipose tissue. CONCLUSION MGP displays a dual and cell-specific function in BAT, essentially creating a "cellular shuttle" that coordinates brown adipogenic differentiation with vascular growth during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA.
| | - Xinjiang Cai
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojing Qiao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Jaden Ji
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Jocelyn A Ma
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Xiuju Wu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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5
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Zhou M, Tamburini I, Van C, Molendijk J, Nguyen CM, Chang IYY, Johnson C, Velez LM, Cheon Y, Yeo R, Bae H, Le J, Larson N, Pulido R, Nascimento-Filho CHV, Jang C, Marazzi I, Justice J, Pannunzio N, Hevener AL, Sparks L, Kershaw EE, Nicholas D, Parker BL, Masri S, Seldin MM. Leveraging inter-individual transcriptional correlation structure to infer discrete signaling mechanisms across metabolic tissues. eLife 2024; 12:RP88863. [PMID: 38224289 PMCID: PMC10945578 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Inter-organ communication is a vital process to maintain physiologic homeostasis, and its dysregulation contributes to many human diseases. Given that circulating bioactive factors are stable in serum, occur naturally, and are easily assayed from blood, they present obvious focal molecules for therapeutic intervention and biomarker development. Recently, studies have shown that secreted proteins mediating inter-tissue signaling could be identified by 'brute force' surveys of all genes within RNA-sequencing measures across tissues within a population. Expanding on this intuition, we reasoned that parallel strategies could be used to understand how individual genes mediate signaling across metabolic tissues through correlative analyses of gene variation between individuals. Thus, comparison of quantitative levels of gene expression relationships between organs in a population could aid in understanding cross-organ signaling. Here, we surveyed gene-gene correlation structure across 18 metabolic tissues in 310 human individuals and 7 tissues in 103 diverse strains of mice fed a normal chow or high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet. Variation of genes such as FGF21, ADIPOQ, GCG, and IL6 showed enrichments which recapitulate experimental observations. Further, similar analyses were applied to explore both within-tissue signaling mechanisms (liver PCSK9) and genes encoding enzymes producing metabolites (adipose PNPLA2), where inter-individual correlation structure aligned with known roles for these critical metabolic pathways. Examination of sex hormone receptor correlations in mice highlighted the difference of tissue-specific variation in relationships with metabolic traits. We refer to this resource as gene-derived correlations across tissues (GD-CAT) where all tools and data are built into a web portal enabling users to perform these analyses without a single line of code (gdcat.org). This resource enables querying of any gene in any tissue to find correlated patterns of genes, cell types, pathways, and network architectures across metabolic organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Ian Tamburini
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Cassandra Van
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Jeffrey Molendijk
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Christy M Nguyen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | | | - Casey Johnson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Leandro M Velez
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Youngseo Cheon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Reichelle Yeo
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealthOrlandoUnited States
| | - Hosung Bae
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Johnny Le
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Natalie Larson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Ron Pulido
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Carlos HV Nascimento-Filho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Ivan Marazzi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Jamie Justice
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC)Los AngelesUnited States
| | - Nicholas Pannunzio
- Divison of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC Irvine HealthIrvineUnited States
| | - Andrea L Hevener
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
- Iris Cantor-UCLA Women’s Health Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Lauren Sparks
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealthOrlandoUnited States
| | - Erin E Kershaw
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of PittsburgPittsburghUnited States
| | - Dequina Nicholas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Benjamin L Parker
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Selma Masri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
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6
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Ung CY, Correia C, Li H, Adams CM, Westendorf JJ, Zhu S. Multiorgan locked-state model of chronic diseases and systems pharmacology opportunities. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103825. [PMID: 37967790 PMCID: PMC11109989 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
With increasing human life expectancy, the global medical burden of chronic diseases is growing. Hence, chronic diseases are a pressing health concern and will continue to be in decades to come. Chronic diseases often involve multiple malfunctioning organs in the body. An imminent question is how interorgan crosstalk contributes to the etiology of chronic diseases. We conceived the locked-state model (LoSM), which illustrates how interorgan communication can give rise to body-wide memory-like properties that 'lock' healthy or pathological conditions. Next, we propose cutting-edge systems biology and artificial intelligence strategies to decipher chronic multiorgan locked states. Finally, we discuss the clinical implications of the LoSM and assess the power of systems-based therapies to dismantle pathological multiorgan locked states while improving treatments for chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong Yong Ung
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Cristina Correia
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer J Westendorf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shizhen Zhu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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7
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Savić R, Yang J, Koplev S, An MC, Patel PL, O'Brien RN, Dubose BN, Dodatko T, Rogatsky E, Sukhavasi K, Ermel R, Ruusalepp A, Houten SM, Kovacic JC, Stewart AF, Yohn CB, Schadt EE, Laberge RM, Björkegren JLM, Tu Z, Argmann C. Integration of transcriptomes of senescent cell models with multi-tissue patient samples reveals reduced COL6A3 as an inducer of senescence. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113371. [PMID: 37938972 PMCID: PMC10955802 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells are a major contributor to age-dependent cardiovascular tissue dysfunction, but knowledge of their in vivo cell markers and tissue context is lacking. To reveal tissue-relevant senescence biology, we integrate the transcriptomes of 10 experimental senescence cell models with a 224 multi-tissue gene co-expression network based on RNA-seq data of seven tissues biopsies from ∼600 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. We identify 56 senescence-associated modules, many enriched in CAD GWAS genes and correlated with cardiometabolic traits-which supports universality of senescence gene programs across tissues and in CAD. Cross-tissue network analyses reveal 86 candidate senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, including COL6A3. Experimental knockdown of COL6A3 induces transcriptional changes that overlap the majority of the experimental senescence models, with cell-cycle arrest linked to modulation of DREAM complex-targeted genes. We provide a transcriptomic resource for cellular senescence and identify candidate biomarkers, SASP factors, and potential drivers of senescence in human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav Savić
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Jialiang Yang
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Simon Koplev
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mahru C An
- UNITY Biotechnology, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tetyana Dodatko
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Eduard Rogatsky
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Katyayani Sukhavasi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and The Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Raili Ermel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and The Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Arno Ruusalepp
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and The Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sander M Houten
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | | | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Zhidong Tu
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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8
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Allayee H, Farber CR, Seldin MM, Williams EG, James DE, Lusis AJ. Systems genetics approaches for understanding complex traits with relevance for human disease. eLife 2023; 12:e91004. [PMID: 37962168 PMCID: PMC10645424 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative traits are often complex because of the contribution of many loci, with further complexity added by environmental factors. In medical research, systems genetics is a powerful approach for the study of complex traits, as it integrates intermediate phenotypes, such as RNA, protein, and metabolite levels, to understand molecular and physiological phenotypes linking discrete DNA sequence variation to complex clinical and physiological traits. The primary purpose of this review is to describe some of the resources and tools of systems genetics in humans and rodent models, so that researchers in many areas of biology and medicine can make use of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Allayee
- Departments of Population & Public Health Sciences, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
- Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Charles R Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleUnited States
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleUnited States
- Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Evan Graehl Williams
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg
| | - David E James
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneyCamperdownAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneyCamperdownAustralia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of SydneyCamperdownAustralia
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine of UCLALos AngelesUnited States
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9
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Bennett H, Troutman TD, Zhou E, Spann NJ, Link VM, Seidman JS, Nickl CK, Abe Y, Sakai M, Pasillas MP, Marlman JM, Guzman C, Hosseini M, Schnabl B, Glass CK. Discrimination of cell-intrinsic and environment-dependent effects of natural genetic variation on Kupffer cell epigenomes and transcriptomes. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1825-1838. [PMID: 37735593 PMCID: PMC10602851 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01631-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding genetic variation drives phenotypic diversity, but underlying mechanisms and affected cell types are incompletely understood. Here, investigation of effects of natural genetic variation on the epigenomes and transcriptomes of Kupffer cells derived from inbred mouse strains identified strain-specific environmental factors influencing Kupffer cell phenotypes, including leptin signaling in Kupffer cells from a steatohepatitis-resistant strain. Cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous effects of genetic variation were resolved by analysis of F1 hybrid mice and cells engrafted into an immunodeficient host. During homeostasis, non-cell-autonomous trans effects of genetic variation dominated control of Kupffer cells, while strain-specific responses to acute lipopolysaccharide injection were dominated by actions of cis-acting effects modifying response elements for lineage-determining and signal-dependent transcription factors. These findings demonstrate that epigenetic landscapes report on trans effects of genetic variation and serve as a resource for deeper analyses into genetic control of transcription in Kupffer cells and macrophages in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Bennett
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ty D Troutman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Enchen Zhou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathanael J Spann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Verena M Link
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason S Seidman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christian K Nickl
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yohei Abe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mashito Sakai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Martina P Pasillas
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin M Marlman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Carlos Guzman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mojgan Hosseini
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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10
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Massa MG, Scott RL, Cara AL, Cortes LR, Vander PB, Sandoval NP, Park JW, Ali SL, Velez LM, Wang HB, Ati SS, Tesfaye B, Reue K, van Veen JE, Seldin MM, Correa SM. Feeding neurons integrate metabolic and reproductive states in mice. iScience 2023; 26:107918. [PMID: 37817932 PMCID: PMC10561062 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Balance between metabolic and reproductive processes is important for survival, particularly in mammals that gestate their young. How the nervous system coordinates this balance is an active area of study. Herein, we demonstrate that somatostatin (SST) neurons of the tuberal hypothalamus alter feeding in a manner sensitive to metabolic and reproductive states in mice. Whereas chemogenetic activation of SST neurons increased food intake across sexes, ablation decreased food intake only in female mice during proestrus. This ablation effect was only apparent in animals with low body mass. Fat transplantation and bioinformatics analysis of SST neuronal transcriptomes revealed white adipose as a key modulator of these effects. These studies indicate that SST hypothalamic neurons integrate metabolic and reproductive cues by responding to varying levels of circulating estrogens to modulate feeding differentially based on energy stores. Thus, gonadal steroid modulation of neuronal circuits can be context dependent and gated by metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan G. Massa
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Doctoral Program, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rachel L. Scott
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexandra L. Cara
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laura R. Cortes
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Paul B. Vander
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Norma P. Sandoval
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jae W. Park
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sahara L. Ali
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Leandro M. Velez
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Huei-Bin Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shomik S. Ati
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bethlehem Tesfaye
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - J. Edward van Veen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marcus M. Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California – Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Correa
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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11
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Zhou M, Tamburini IJ, Van C, Molendijk J, Nguyen CM, Chang IYY, Johnson C, Velez LM, Cheon Y, Yeo RX, Bae H, Le J, Larson N, Pulido R, Filho C, Jang C, Marazzi I, Justice JN, Pannunzio N, Hevener A, Sparks LM, Kershaw EE, Nicholas D, Parker B, Masri S, Seldin M. Leveraging inter-individual transcriptional correlation structure to infer discrete signaling mechanisms across metabolic tissues. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.10.540142. [PMID: 37214953 PMCID: PMC10197628 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.10.540142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract/IntroductionInter-organ communication is a vital process to maintain physiologic homeostasis, and its dysregulation contributes to many human diseases. Beginning with the discovery of insulin over a century ago, characterization of molecules responsible for signal between tissues has required careful and elegant experimentation where these observations have been integral to deciphering physiology and disease. Given that circulating bioactive factors are stable in serum, occur naturally, and are easily assayed from blood, they present obvious focal molecules for therapeutic intervention and biomarker development. For example, physiologic dissection of the actions of soluble proteins such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) have yielded among the most promising therapeutics to treat cardiovascular disease and obesity, respectively1–4. A major obstacle in the characterization of such soluble factors is that defining their tissues and pathways of action requires extensive experimental testing in cells and animal models. Recently, studies have shown that secreted proteins mediating inter-tissue signaling could be identified by “brute-force” surveys of all genes within RNA-sequencing measures across tissues within a population5–9. Expanding on this intuition, we reasoned that parallel strategies could be used to understand how individual genes mediate signaling across metabolic tissues through correlative analyses of gene variation between individuals. Thus, comparison of quantitative levels of gene expression relationships between organs in a population could aid in understanding cross-organ signaling. Here, we surveyed gene-gene correlation structure across 18 metabolic tissues in 310 human individuals and 7 tissues in 103 diverse strains of mice fed a normal chow or HFHS diet. Variation of genes such asFGF21, ADIPOQ, GCGandIL6showed enrichments which recapitulate experimental observations. Further, similar analyses were applied to explore both within-tissue signaling mechanisms (liverPCSK9) as well as genes encoding enzymes producing metabolites (adiposePNPLA2), where inter-individual correlation structure aligned with known roles for these critical metabolic pathways. Examination of sex hormone receptor correlations in mice highlighted the difference of tissue-specific variation in relationships with metabolic traits. We refer to this resource asGene-DerivedCorrelationsAcrossTissues (GD-CAT) where all tools and data are built into a web portal enabling users to perform these analyses without a single line of code (gdcat.org). This resource enables querying of any gene in any tissue to find correlated patterns of genes, cell types, pathways and network architectures across metabolic organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ian J. Tamburini
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra Van
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Molendijk
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christy M Nguyen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Casey Johnson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Leandro M. Velez
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Youngseo Cheon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Reichelle X. Yeo
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Hosung Bae
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Johnny Le
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Natalie Larson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ron Pulido
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Filho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ivan Marazzi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jamie N. Justice
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Pannunzio
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Hevener
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Iris Cantor-UCLA Women’s Health Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lauren M. Sparks
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Erin E. Kershaw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dequina Nicholas
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Parker
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Selma Masri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Marcus Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
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12
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Michoel T, Zhang JD. Causal inference in drug discovery and development. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103737. [PMID: 37591410 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
To discover new drugs is to seek and to prove causality. As an emerging approach leveraging human knowledge and creativity, data, and machine intelligence, causal inference holds the promise of reducing cognitive bias and improving decision-making in drug discovery. Although it has been applied across the value chain, the concepts and practice of causal inference remain obscure to many practitioners. This article offers a nontechnical introduction to causal inference, reviews its recent applications, and discusses opportunities and challenges of adopting the causal language in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Michoel
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Postboks 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Jitao David Zhang
- Pharma Early Research and Development, Roche Innovation Centre Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Basel, Spiegelgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
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13
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Lorenzo Ó, Acharjee A. Editorial: A year in review: discussions in systems endocrinology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1236837. [PMID: 37745702 PMCID: PMC10513054 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Medicine Department, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - Animesh Acharjee
- Institute of Cancer & Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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14
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Xiong C, Zhou Y, Han Y, Yi J, Pang H, Zheng R, Zhou Y. IntiCom-DB: A Manually Curated Database of Inter-Tissue Communication Molecules and Their Communication Routes. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:833. [PMID: 37372118 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Inter-tissue communication (ITC) is critical for maintaining the physiological functions of multiple tissues and is closely related to the onset and development of various complex diseases. Nevertheless, there is no well-organized data resource for known ITC molecules with explicit ITC routes from source tissues to target tissues. To address this issue, in this work, we manually reviewed nearly 190,000 publications and identified 1408 experimentally supported ITC entries in which the ITC molecules, their communication routes, and their functional annotations were included. To facilitate our work, these curated ITC entries were incorporated into a user-friendly database named IntiCom-DB. This database also enables visualization of the expression abundances of ITC proteins and their interaction partners. Finally, bioinformatics analyses on these data revealed common biological characteristics of the ITC molecules. For example, tissue specificity scores of ITC molecules at the protein level are often higher than those at the mRNA level in the target tissues. Moreover, the ITC molecules and their interaction partners are more abundant in both the source tissues and the target tissues. IntiCom-DB is freely available as an online database. As the first comprehensive database of ITC molecules with explicit ITC routes to the best of our knowledge, we hope that IntiCom-DB will benefit future ITC-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxian Xiong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiran Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingkun Yi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huai Pang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruimao Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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15
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Chella Krishnan K, El Hachem EJ, Keller MP, Patel SG, Carroll L, Vegas AD, Gerdes Gyuricza I, Light C, Cao Y, Pan C, Kaczor-Urbanowicz KE, Shravah V, Anum D, Pellegrini M, Lee CF, Seldin MM, Rosenthal NA, Churchill GA, Attie AD, Parker B, James DE, Lusis AJ. Genetic architecture of heart mitochondrial proteome influencing cardiac hypertrophy. eLife 2023; 12:e82619. [PMID: 37276142 PMCID: PMC10241513 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an important role in both normal heart function and disease etiology. We report analysis of common genetic variations contributing to mitochondrial and heart functions using an integrative proteomics approach in a panel of inbred mouse strains called the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP). We performed a whole heart proteome study in the HMDP (72 strains, n=2-3 mice) and retrieved 848 mitochondrial proteins (quantified in ≥50 strains). High-resolution association mapping on their relative abundance levels revealed three trans-acting genetic loci on chromosomes (chr) 7, 13 and 17 that regulate distinct classes of mitochondrial proteins as well as cardiac hypertrophy. DAVID enrichment analyses of genes regulated by each of the loci revealed that the chr13 locus was highly enriched for complex-I proteins (24 proteins, P=2.2E-61), the chr17 locus for mitochondrial ribonucleoprotein complex (17 proteins, P=3.1E-25) and the chr7 locus for ubiquinone biosynthesis (3 proteins, P=6.9E-05). Follow-up high resolution regional mapping identified NDUFS4, LRPPRC and COQ7 as the candidate genes for chr13, chr17 and chr7 loci, respectively, and both experimental and statistical analyses supported their causal roles. Furthermore, a large cohort of Diversity Outbred mice was used to corroborate Lrpprc gene as a driver of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded gene regulation, and to show that the chr17 locus is specific to heart. Variations in all three loci were associated with heart mass in at least one of two independent heart stress models, namely, isoproterenol-induced heart failure and diet-induced obesity. These findings suggest that common variations in certain mitochondrial proteins can act in trans to influence tissue-specific mitochondrial functions and contribute to heart hypertrophy, elucidating mechanisms that may underlie genetic susceptibility to heart failure in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiUnited States
| | - Elie-Julien El Hachem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Field Systems Biology, Sciences Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Mark P Keller
- Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Sanjeet G Patel
- Department of Surgery/Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Luke Carroll
- Metabolic Systems Biology Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Alexis Diaz Vegas
- Metabolic Systems Biology Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | | | - Christine Light
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityUnited States
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Karolina Elżbieta Kaczor-Urbanowicz
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of DentistryLos AngelesUnited States
- UCLA Institute for Quantitative and Computational BiosciencesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Varun Shravah
- Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Diana Anum
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- UCLA Institute for Quantitative and Computational BiosciencesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Chi Fung Lee
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityUnited States
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityUnited States
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Center for Epigenetics and MetabolismIrvineUnited States
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvineUnited States
| | | | | | - Alan D Attie
- Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Benjamin Parker
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - David E James
- Metabolic Systems Biology Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Department of Human Genetics, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
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16
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Yuan F, Zhou Z, Wu S, Jiao F, Chen L, Fang L, Yin H, Hu X, Jiang X, Liu K, Xiao F, Jiang H, Chen S, Liu Z, Shu Y, Guo F. Intestinal activating transcription factor 4 regulates stress-related behavioral alterations via paraventricular thalamus in male mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215590120. [PMID: 37126693 PMCID: PMC10175747 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215590120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress induces depression- and anxiety-related behaviors, which are common mental disorders accompanied not only by dysfunction of the brain but also of the intestine. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a stress-induced gene, and we previously show that it is important for gut functions; however, the contribution of the intestinal ATF4 to stress-related behaviors is not known. Here, we show that chronic stress inhibits the expression of ATF4 in gut epithelial cells. ATF4 overexpression in the colon relieves stress-related behavioral alterations in male mice, as measured by open-field test, elevated plus-maze test, and tail suspension test, whereas intestine-specific ATF4 knockout induces stress-related behavioral alterations in male mice. Furthermore, glutamatergic neurons are inhibited in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) of two strains of intestinal ATF4-deficient mice, and selective activation of these neurons alleviates stress-related behavioral alterations in intestinal ATF4-deficient mice. The highly expressed gut-secreted peptide trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is chosen from RNA-Seq data from ATF4 deletion mice and demonstrated decreased in gut epithelial cells, which is directly regulated by ATF4. Injection of TFF3 reverses stress-related behaviors in ATF4 knockout mice, and the beneficial effects of TFF3 are blocked by inhibiting PVT glutamatergic neurons using DREADDs. In summary, this study demonstrates the function of ATF4 in the gut-brain regulation of stress-related behavioral alterations, via TFF3 modulating PVT neural activity. This research provides evidence of gut signals regulating stress-related behavioral alterations and identifies possible drug targets for the treatment of stress-related behavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Yuan
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Ziheng Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Shangming Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Fuxin Jiao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Leilei Fang
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Hanrui Yin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Xiaoxue Jiang
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Kan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Haizhou Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Shanghai Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Yousheng Shu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Feifan Guo
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
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17
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Kumar T, Sethuraman R, Mitra S, Ravindran B, Narayanan M. MultiCens: Multilayer network centrality measures to uncover molecular mediators of tissue-tissue communication. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011022. [PMID: 37093889 PMCID: PMC10159362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
With the evolution of multicellularity, communication among cells in different tissues and organs became pivotal to life. Molecular basis of such communication has long been studied, but genome-wide screens for genes and other biomolecules mediating tissue-tissue signaling are lacking. To systematically identify inter-tissue mediators, we present a novel computational approach MultiCens (Multilayer/Multi-tissue network Centrality measures). Unlike single-layer network methods, MultiCens can distinguish within- vs. across-layer connectivity to quantify the "influence" of any gene in a tissue on a query set of genes of interest in another tissue. MultiCens enjoys theoretical guarantees on convergence and decomposability, and performs well on synthetic benchmarks. On human multi-tissue datasets, MultiCens predicts known and novel genes linked to hormones. MultiCens further reveals shifts in gene network architecture among four brain regions in Alzheimer's disease. MultiCens-prioritized hypotheses from these two diverse applications, and potential future ones like "Multi-tissue-expanded Gene Ontology" analysis, can enable whole-body yet molecular-level systems investigations in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
- The Centre for Integrative Biology and Systems medicinE (IBSE), IIT Madras, Chennai, India
- Robert Bosch Center for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (RBCDSAI), IIT Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | - Sanga Mitra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Balaraman Ravindran
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
- The Centre for Integrative Biology and Systems medicinE (IBSE), IIT Madras, Chennai, India
- Robert Bosch Center for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (RBCDSAI), IIT Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Manikandan Narayanan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
- The Centre for Integrative Biology and Systems medicinE (IBSE), IIT Madras, Chennai, India
- Robert Bosch Center for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (RBCDSAI), IIT Madras, Chennai, India
- Multiscale Digital Neuroanatomy (MDN), IIT Madras, Chennai, India
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18
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Ansaryan S, Liu YC, Li X, Economou AM, Eberhardt CS, Jandus C, Altug H. High-throughput spatiotemporal monitoring of single-cell secretions via plasmonic microwell arrays. Nat Biomed Eng 2023:10.1038/s41551-023-01017-1. [PMID: 37012313 PMCID: PMC10365996 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Methods for the analysis of cell secretions at the single-cell level only provide semiquantitative endpoint readouts. Here we describe a microwell array for the real-time spatiotemporal monitoring of extracellular secretions from hundreds of single cells in parallel. The microwell array incorporates a gold substrate with arrays of nanometric holes functionalized with receptors for a specific analyte, and is illuminated with light spectrally overlapping with the device's spectrum of extraordinary optical transmission. Spectral shifts in surface plasmon resonance resulting from analyte-receptor bindings around a secreting cell are recorded by a camera as variations in the intensity of the transmitted light while machine-learning-assisted cell tracking eliminates the influence of cell movements. We used the microwell array to characterize the antibody-secretion profiles of hybridoma cells and of a rare subset of antibody-secreting cells sorted from human donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells. High-throughput measurements of spatiotemporal secretory profiles at the single-cell level will aid the study of the physiological mechanisms governing protein secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Ansaryan
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yen-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Agora Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christiane Sigrid Eberhardt
- Center for Vaccinology, University Hospitals Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Woman, Child and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Agora Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hatice Altug
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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19
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Jurrjens AW, Seldin MM, Giles C, Meikle PJ, Drew BG, Calkin AC. The potential of integrating human and mouse discovery platforms to advance our understanding of cardiometabolic diseases. eLife 2023; 12:e86139. [PMID: 37000167 PMCID: PMC10065800 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases encompass a range of interrelated conditions that arise from underlying metabolic perturbations precipitated by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. While obesity, dyslipidaemia, smoking, and insulin resistance are major risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, individuals still present in the absence of such traditional risk factors, making it difficult to determine those at greatest risk of disease. Thus, it is crucial to elucidate the genetic, environmental, and molecular underpinnings to better understand, diagnose, and treat cardiometabolic diseases. Much of this information can be garnered using systems genetics, which takes population-based approaches to investigate how genetic variance contributes to complex traits. Despite the important advances made by human genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in this space, corroboration of these findings has been hampered by limitations including the inability to control environmental influence, limited access to pertinent metabolic tissues, and often, poor classification of diseases or phenotypes. A complementary approach to human GWAS is the utilisation of model systems such as genetically diverse mouse panels to study natural genetic and phenotypic variation in a controlled environment. Here, we review mouse genetic reference panels and the opportunities they provide for the study of cardiometabolic diseases and related traits. We discuss how the post-GWAS era has prompted a shift in focus from discovery of novel genetic variants to understanding gene function. Finally, we highlight key advantages and challenges of integrating complementary genetic and multi-omics data from human and mouse populations to advance biological discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W Jurrjens
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Corey Giles
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Brian G Drew
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna C Calkin
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Ung CY, Correia C, Billadeau DD, Zhu S, Li H. Manifold epigenetics: A conceptual model that guides engineering strategies to improve whole-body regenerative health. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1122422. [PMID: 36866271 PMCID: PMC9971008 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1122422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the promising advances in regenerative medicine, there is a critical need for improved therapies. For example, delaying aging and improving healthspan is an imminent societal challenge. Our ability to identify biological cues as well as communications between cells and organs are keys to enhance regenerative health and improve patient care. Epigenetics represents one of the major biological mechanisms involving in tissue regeneration, and therefore can be viewed as a systemic (body-wide) control. However, how epigenetic regulations concertedly lead to the development of biological memories at the whole-body level remains unclear. Here, we review the evolving definitions of epigenetics and identify missing links. We then propose our Manifold Epigenetic Model (MEMo) as a conceptual framework to explain how epigenetic memory arises and discuss what strategies can be applied to manipulate the body-wide memory. In summary we provide a conceptual roadmap for the development of new engineering approaches to improve regenerative health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong Yong Ung
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Cristina Correia
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Shizhen Zhu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States,*Correspondence: Shizhen Zhu, ; Hu Li,
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States,*Correspondence: Shizhen Zhu, ; Hu Li,
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21
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Cao Y, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Pan C, Jiang L, Zhou Z, Meng Y, Charugundla S, Li T, Allayee H, Seldin MM, Lusis AJ. Liver-heart cross-talk mediated by coagulation factor XI protects against heart failure. Science 2022; 377:1399-1406. [PMID: 36137043 PMCID: PMC9639660 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-tissue communication by endocrine factors is a vital mechanism for physiologic homeostasis. A systems genetics analysis of transcriptomic and functional data from a cohort of diverse, inbred strains of mice predicted that coagulation factor XI (FXI), a liver-derived protein, protects against diastolic dysfunction, a key trait of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. This was confirmed using gain- and loss-of-function studies, and FXI was found to activate the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD1/5 pathway in the heart. The proteolytic activity of FXI is required for the cleavage and activation of extracellular matrix-associated BMP7 in the heart, thus inhibiting genes involved in inflammation and fibrosis. Our results reveal a protective role of FXI in heart injury that is distinct from its role in coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhenqi Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yonghong Meng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sarada Charugundla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Departments of Population and Public Health Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Marcus M. Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Corresponding author.
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22
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Lee H, Lim Y. The Potential Role of Myokines/Hepatokines in the Progression of Neuronal Damage in Streptozotocin and High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071521. [PMID: 35884825 PMCID: PMC9312977 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is highly prevalent, and the number of patients with diabetic sarcopenia and cognitive impairment has grown, leading to decreased quality of life. Although the exact mechanisms between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment have not been elucidated, it is speculated that muscle and liver-derived mediators might contribute to brain function. This study examined the molecular mechanisms associated with muscle-brain interaction accompanied by insulin resistance (IR) caused by aberrant energy metabolism via myokines/hepatokines in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice. Methods: T2DM was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. Behavior tests were conducted to analyze grip strength and cognitive function. Histopathological changes in skeletal muscle and brain tissue were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and the protein levels of biomarkers related to energy metabolism via myokines/hepatokines were measured by western blot. Results: T2DM caused peripheral and central IR. Furthermore, T2DM led to aberrant energy metabolism through the reduced fibroblast growth factor 21 dependent AMP-activated kinase (AMPK)/surtuin1/proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α pathway in T2DM. Subsequently, reduced circulating myokines/hepatokines were in accordance with their levels with hippocampal neuronal markers in T2DM mice. Accordingly, skeletal muscle (muscle strength: 2.83 ± 0.39 vs. 2.187 ± 0.51, p = 0.004) and brain function (PAT: 38.5 ± 57.91 vs. 11.556 ± 12.03, p = 0.02) impairment and morphological changes (muscle cross-sectional area: 872.43 ± 242.87 vs. 743.68 ± 169.31, p = 0.01; density of neurons in hippocampus: 145 ± 15.13 vs. 77 ± 35.51, p = 0.05; density of neurons in cortex: 138.333 ± 6.66 vs. 78 ± 17.35, p = 0.05) were shown in T2DM mice. In addition, the working ability demonstrated by Y-maze was positively correlated with % lean mass (p = 0.046, R = 0.3426). Conclusions: T2DM led to aberrant energy in skeletal muscle and brain via myokines/hepatokines. This study suggested that myokines and hepatokines might have potential roles in skeletal muscle and central metabolic functions which can mediate cognitive function in T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunsook Lim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-0262; Fax: +82-2-961-0260
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23
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Green Coffee Bean Extract Normalize Obesity-Induced Alterations of Metabolic Parameters in Rats by Upregulating Adiponectin and GLUT4 Levels and Reducing RBP-4 and HOMA-IR. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050693. [PMID: 35629362 PMCID: PMC9144088 DOI: 10.3390/life12050693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious public health issue worldwide. Finding safe and efficacious products to reverse obesity has proven to be a difficult challenge. This study showed the effects of Coffea arabica or green coffee bean extract (GCBE) on obesity disorders and the improvement of obesity-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. The active constituents of GCBE were identified via high-performance liquid chromatography. Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats were divided into two groups. The first group (Group I) was fed a control diet, whereas the second group was fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks till obesity induction. The second group was equally subdivided into Group II, which received HFD, and Group III, which received HFD + GCBE for another eight weeks. The body and organ weights of the animals were measured, and blood and adipose tissue samples were collected for analysis. The results indicated that the administration of GCBE significantly decreased the body and organ weights. Furthermore, it had an ameliorative effect on serum biochemical parameters. It dramatically reduced total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and insulin levels. In addition, an improvement in homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and an enhancement of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were observed compared with the HFD group. In addition, the group treated with GCBE exhibited a marked increase in serum levels of adiponectin (an anti-inflammatory adipokine). In addition, a considerable reduction in adipocyte hypertrophy was found following GCBE treatment. Remarkably, the administration of GCBE resulted in a remarkable decrease in the expression of RBP4 (a pro-inflammatory cytokine), whereas an increase in GLLUT4 expression was observed in the adipose tissue. This improved insulin resistance in GCBE-administered HFD rats compared with other HFD rats. Our study showed that GCBE exhibits anti-obesity activity and may be used as a natural supplement to prevent and treat obesity and its associated disorders.
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24
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Srivastava H, Pozzoli M, Lau E. Defining the Roles of Cardiokines in Human Aging and Age-Associated Diseases. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:884321. [PMID: 35821831 PMCID: PMC9261440 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.884321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years an expanding collection of heart-secreted signaling proteins have been discovered that play cellular communication roles in diverse pathophysiological processes. This minireview briefly discusses current evidence for the roles of cardiokines in systemic regulation of aging and age-associated diseases. An analysis of human transcriptome and secretome data suggests the possibility that many other cardiokines remain to be discovered that may function in long-range physiological regulations. We discuss the ongoing challenges and emerging technologies for elucidating the identity and function of cardiokines in endocrine regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himangi Srivastava
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Marina Pozzoli
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Edward Lau
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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25
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Yildiz I, Yildiz BS. Computational Analysis of the Inhibition Mechanism of NOTUM by the ONIOM Method. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13333-13342. [PMID: 35474786 PMCID: PMC9026088 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Notum is a member of serine hydrolyses that cleaves the palmitoleate moiety from Wingless-related integration site (Wnt) ligands. This enzyme plays crucial functions through modulating the Wnt signaling pathway. Inhibition of Notum carries therapeutic effects against a number of maladies including osteoporosis, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Recently, a class of irreversible inhibitors based on esters of 4-(indolin-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid have been reported. Using the crystal structures of enzyme-4-(indolin-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoate adduct and 4-(indolin-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid-enzyme complex, we studied computationally the proposed inhibition mechanism using model systems based on the own n-layered integrated molecular orbital and molecular mechanics (ONIOM) method. In the first place, model systems were formulated to investigate the transesterification between the catalytic serine residue, Ser-232, and the methyl ester of 4-(indolin-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoate. In the second place, the hydrolysis mechanism of the resultant enzyme-inhibitor adduct was studied. The energetics of these steps were analyzed using a density functional theory functional in the ONIOM method. In addition, the roles of active-site residues during these steps were highlighted. It was found that the hydrolysis of the covalent adduct is highly endergonic corroborating the irreversible inhibition mechanism. These results will shed light not only on the inhibition mechanism but also on the catalytic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Yildiz
- Chemistry
Department, Khalifa University, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 00000, UAE
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26
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Velez LM, Van C, Moore T, Zhou Z, Johnson C, Hevener AL, Seldin MM. Genetic variation of putative myokine signaling is dominated by biological sex and sex hormones. eLife 2022; 11:e76887. [PMID: 35416774 PMCID: PMC9094747 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays an integral role in coordinating physiological homeostasis, where signaling to other tissues via myokines allows for coordination of complex processes. Here, we aimed to leverage natural genetic correlation structure of gene expression both within and across tissues to understand how muscle interacts with metabolic tissues. Specifically, we performed a survey of genetic correlations focused on myokine gene regulation, muscle cell composition, cross-tissue signaling, and interactions with genetic sex in humans. While expression levels of a majority of myokines and cell proportions within skeletal muscle showed little relative differences between males and females, nearly all significant cross-tissue enrichments operated in a sex-specific or hormone-dependent fashion; in particular, with estradiol. These sex- and hormone-specific effects were consistent across key metabolic tissues: liver, pancreas, hypothalamus, intestine, heart, visceral, and subcutaneous adipose tissue. To characterize the role of estradiol receptor signaling on myokine expression, we generated male and female mice which lack estrogen receptor α specifically in skeletal muscle (MERKO) and integrated with human data. These analyses highlighted potential mechanisms of sex-dependent myokine signaling conserved between species, such as myostatin enriched for divergent substrate utilization pathways between sexes. Several other putative sex-dependent mechanisms of myokine signaling were uncovered, such as muscle-derived tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) enriched for stronger inflammatory signaling in females compared to males and GPX3 as a male-specific link between glycolytic fiber abundance and hepatic inflammation. Collectively, we provide a population genetics framework for inferring muscle signaling to metabolic tissues in humans. We further highlight sex and estradiol receptor signaling as critical variables when assaying myokine functions and how changes in cell composition are predicted to impact other metabolic organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro M Velez
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Cassandra Van
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Timothy Moore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Zhenqi Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Casey Johnson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Andrea L Hevener
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
- Iris Cantor-UCLA Women’s Health Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California IrvineIrvineUnited States
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Poschmann G, Bahr J, Schrader J, Stejerean-Todoran I, Bogeski I, Stühler K. Secretomics—A Key to a Comprehensive Picture of Unconventional Protein Secretion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:878027. [PMID: 35392176 PMCID: PMC8980719 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.878027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, leaderless secreted proteins (LLSP) were neglected as artifacts derived from dying cells. It is now generally accepted that secretion of LLSP–as a part of the collective term unconventional protein secretion (UPS) - is an evolutionarily conserved process and that these LLSP are actively and selectively secreted from living cells bypassing the classical endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi pathway. However, the mechanism of UPS pathways, as well as the number of LLSP and which part of a protein is involved in the selection of LLSPs for secretion, are still enigmatic and await clarification. Secretomics-a proteomics-based approach to identify and quantify all proteins secreted by a cell-is inherently unbiased toward a particular secretion pathway and offers the opportunity to shed light on the UPS. Here, we will evaluate and present recent results of proteomic workflows allowing to obtain high-confident secretome data. Additionally, we address that cell culture conditions largely affect the composition of the secretome. This has to be kept in mind to control cell culture induced artifacts and adaptation stress in serum free conditions. Evaluation of click chemistry for secretome analysis of cells under serum-containing conditions showed a significant change in the cellular proteome with longer incubation time upon treatment with non-canonical amino acid azidohomoalanine. Finally, we showed that the number of LLSP far exceeds the number of secreted proteins annotated in Uniprot and ProteinAtlas. Thus, secretomics in combination with sophisticated microbioanalytical and sample preparation methods is well suited to provide a comprehensive picture of UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gereon Poschmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jasmin Bahr
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ioana Stejerean-Todoran
- Molecular Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Molecular Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological Medical Research Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kai Stühler,
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Koplev S, Seldin M, Sukhavasi K, Ermel R, Pang S, Zeng L, Bankier S, Di Narzo A, Cheng H, Meda V, Ma A, Talukdar H, Cohain A, Amadori L, Argmann C, Houten SM, Franzén O, Mocci G, Meelu OA, Ishikawa K, Whatling C, Jain A, Jain RK, Gan LM, Giannarelli C, Roussos P, Hao K, Schunkert H, Michoel T, Ruusalepp A, Schadt EE, Kovacic JC, Lusis AJ, Björkegren JLM. A mechanistic framework for cardiometabolic and coronary artery diseases. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:85-100. [PMID: 36276926 PMCID: PMC9583458 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-021-00009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Coronary atherosclerosis results from the delicate interplay of genetic and exogenous risk factors, principally taking place in metabolic organs and the arterial wall. Here we show that 224 gene-regulatory coexpression networks (GRNs) identified by integrating genetic and clinical data from patients with (n = 600) and without (n = 250) coronary artery disease (CAD) with RNA-seq data from seven disease-relevant tissues in the Stockholm-Tartu Atherosclerosis Reverse Network Engineering Task (STARNET) study largely capture this delicate interplay, explaining >54% of CAD heritability. Within 89 cross-tissue GRNs associated with clinical severity of CAD, 374 endocrine factors facilitated inter-organ interactions, primarily along an axis from adipose tissue to the liver (n = 152). This axis was independently replicated in genetically diverse mouse strains and by injection of recombinant forms of adipose endocrine factors (EPDR1, FCN2, FSTL3 and LBP) that markedly altered blood lipid and glucose levels in mice. Altogether, the STARNET database and the associated GRN browser (http://starnet.mssm.edu) provide a multiorgan framework for exploration of the molecular interplay between cardiometabolic disorders and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Koplev
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus Seldin
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics and Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Katyayani Sukhavasi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and the Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Raili Ermel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and the Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Shichao Pang
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Lingyao Zeng
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sean Bankier
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Antonio Di Narzo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Haoxiang Cheng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vamsidhar Meda
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angela Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Husain Talukdar
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ariella Cohain
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Letizia Amadori
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sander M. Houten
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oscar Franzén
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Mocci
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Omar A. Meelu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kiyotake Ishikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carl Whatling
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anamika Jain
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and the Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rajeev Kumar Jain
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and the Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Li-Ming Gan
- Early Clinical Development, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chiara Giannarelli
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Tom Michoel
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arno Ruusalepp
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and the Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
- Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric E. Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Jason C. Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aldon J. Lusis
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics and Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johan L. M. Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
- Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to Johan L. M. Björkegren.
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29
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Choi RB, Bullock WA, Hoggatt AM, Horan DJ, Pemberton EZ, Hong JM, Zhang X, He X, Robling AG. Notum Deletion From Late-Stage Skeletal Cells Increases Cortical Bone Formation and Potentiates Skeletal Effects of Sclerostin Inhibition. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:2413-2425. [PMID: 34223673 PMCID: PMC8688238 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays a vital role in the cell biology of skeletal patterning, differentiation, and maintenance. Notum is a secreted member of the α/β-hydrolase superfamily that hydrolyzes the palmitoleoylate modification on Wnt proteins, thereby disrupting Wnt signaling. As a secreted inhibitor of Wnt, Notum presents an attractive molecular target for improving skeletal health. To determine the cell type of action for Notum's effect on the skeleton, we generated mice with Notum deficiency globally (Notum-/- ) and selectively (Notumf/f ) in limb bud mesenchyme (Prx1-Cre) and late osteoblasts/osteocytes (Dmp1-Cre). Late-stage deletion induced increased cortical bone properties, similar to global mutants. Notum expression was enhanced in response to sclerostin inhibition, so dual inhibition (Notum/sclerostin) was also investigated using a combined genetic and pharmacologic approach. Co-suppression increased cortical properties beyond either factor alone. Notum suppressed Wnt signaling in cell reporter assays, but surprisingly also enhanced Shh signaling independent of effects on Wnt. Notum is an osteocyte-active suppressor of cortical bone formation that is likely involved in multiple signaling pathways important for bone homeostasis © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy B. Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Whitney A. Bullock
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - April M. Hoggatt
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel J. Horan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Emily Z. Pemberton
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jung Min Hong
- Division of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xinjun Zhang
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xi He
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander G. Robling
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University–Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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30
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Chella Krishnan K, Vergnes L, Acín-Pérez R, Stiles L, Shum M, Ma L, Mouisel E, Pan C, Moore TM, Péterfy M, Romanoski CE, Reue K, Björkegren JLM, Laakso M, Liesa M, Lusis AJ. Sex-specific genetic regulation of adipose mitochondria and metabolic syndrome by Ndufv2. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1552-1568. [PMID: 34697471 PMCID: PMC8909918 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have previously suggested a central role for mitochondria in the observed sex differences in metabolic traits. However, the mechanisms by which sex differences affect adipose mitochondrial function and metabolic syndrome are unclear. Here we show that in both mice and humans, adipose mitochondrial functions are elevated in females and are strongly associated with adiposity, insulin resistance and plasma lipids. Using a panel of diverse inbred strains of mice, we identify a genetic locus on mouse chromosome 17 that controls mitochondrial mass and function in adipose tissue in a sex- and tissue-specific manner. This locus contains Ndufv2 and regulates the expression of at least 89 mitochondrial genes in females, including oxidative phosphorylation genes and those related to mitochondrial DNA content. Overexpression studies indicate that Ndufv2 mediates these effects by regulating supercomplex assembly and elevating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, which generates a signal that increases mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebeca Acín-Pérez
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Shum
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Etienne Mouisel
- INSERM, UMR1297, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy M Moore
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Miklós Péterfy
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Casey E Romanoski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marc Liesa
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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31
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Greco CM, Koronowski KB, Smith JG, Shi J, Kunderfranco P, Carriero R, Chen S, Samad M, Welz PS, Zinna VM, Mortimer T, Chun SK, Shimaji K, Sato T, Petrus P, Kumar A, Vaca-Dempere M, Deryagian O, Van C, Kuhn JMM, Lutter D, Seldin MM, Masri S, Li W, Baldi P, Dyar KA, Muñoz-Cánoves P, Benitah SA, Sassone-Corsi P. Integration of feeding behavior by the liver circadian clock reveals network dependency of metabolic rhythms. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi7828. [PMID: 34550736 PMCID: PMC8457671 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi7828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock, expressed throughout the brain and body, controls daily metabolic homeostasis. Clock function in peripheral tissues is required, but not sufficient, for this task. Because of the lack of specialized animal models, it is unclear how tissue clocks interact with extrinsic signals to drive molecular oscillations. Here, we isolated the interaction between feeding and the liver clock by reconstituting Bmal1 exclusively in hepatocytes (Liver-RE), in otherwise clock-less mice, and controlling timing of food intake. We found that the cooperative action of BMAL1 and the transcription factor CEBPB regulates daily liver metabolic transcriptional programs. Functionally, the liver clock and feeding rhythm are sufficient to drive temporal carbohydrate homeostasis. By contrast, liver rhythms tied to redox and lipid metabolism required communication with the skeletal muscle clock, demonstrating peripheral clock cross-talk. Our results highlight how the inner workings of the clock system rely on communicating signals to maintain daily metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M. Greco
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kevin B. Koronowski
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jacob G. Smith
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jiejun Shi
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Paolo Kunderfranco
- Bioinformatics Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS, Rozzano 20089, Italy
| | - Roberta Carriero
- Bioinformatics Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS, Rozzano 20089, Italy
| | - Siwei Chen
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, UCI, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Muntaha Samad
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, UCI, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Patrick-Simon Welz
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Program in Cancer Research, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Valentina M. Zinna
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Thomas Mortimer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Sung Kook Chun
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kohei Shimaji
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Tomoki Sato
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Paul Petrus
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Mireia Vaca-Dempere
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Oleg Deryagian
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Cassandra Van
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - José Manuel Monroy Kuhn
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Computational Discovery Research, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Lutter
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Computational Discovery Research, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcus M. Seldin
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Selma Masri
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Pierre Baldi
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, UCI, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Dyar
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Metabolic Physiology, Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Salvador Aznar Benitah
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Paolo Sassone-Corsi
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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32
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Dynamic tracking and identification of tissue-specific secretory proteins in the circulation of live mice. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5204. [PMID: 34471136 PMCID: PMC8410947 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretory proteins are an essential component of interorgan communication networks that regulate animal physiology. Current approaches for identifying secretory proteins from specific cell and tissue types are largely limited to in vitro or ex vivo models which often fail to recapitulate in vivo biology. As such, there is mounting interest in developing in vivo analytical tools that can provide accurate information on the origin, identity, and spatiotemporal dynamics of secretory proteins. Here, we describe iSLET (in situ Secretory protein Labeling via ER-anchored TurboID) which selectively labels proteins that transit through the classical secretory pathway via catalytic actions of Sec61b-TurboID, a proximity labeling enzyme anchored in the ER lumen. To validate iSLET in a whole-body system, we express iSLET in the mouse liver and demonstrate efficient labeling of liver secretory proteins which could be tracked and identified within circulating blood plasma. Furthermore, proteomic analysis of the labeled liver secretome enriched from liver iSLET mouse plasma is highly consistent with previous reports of liver secretory protein profiles. Taken together, iSLET is a versatile and powerful tool for studying spatiotemporal dynamics of secretory proteins, a valuable class of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The in vivo identification of proteins secreted from a specific cell type or tissue remains challenging. Here, the authors develop a proximity labeling-based method to selectively label secreted proteins and combine it with proteomics to identify liver secretory proteins in mouse plasma.
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33
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Zhao Y, Svensson F, Steadman D, Frew S, Monaghan A, Bictash M, Moreira T, Chalk R, Lu W, Fish PV, Jones EY. Structural Insights into Notum Covalent Inhibition. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11354-11363. [PMID: 34292747 PMCID: PMC8365597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The carboxylesterase Notum hydrolyzes a palmitoleate moiety from Wingless/Integrated(Wnt) ligands and deactivates Wnt signaling. Notum inhibitors can restore Wnt signaling which may be of therapeutic benefit for pathologies such as osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease. We report the identification of a novel class of covalent Notum inhibitors, 4-(indolin-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoate esters. High-resolution crystal structures of the Notum inhibitor complexes reveal a common covalent adduct formed between the nucleophile serine-232 and hydrolyzed butyric esters. The covalent interaction in solution was confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. Inhibitory potencies vary depending on the warheads used. Mechanistically, the resulting acyl-enzyme intermediate carbonyl atom is positioned at an unfavorable angle for the approach of the active site water, which, combined with strong hydrophobic interactions with the enzyme pocket residues, hinders the intermediate from being further processed and results in covalent inhibition. These insights into Notum catalytic inhibition may guide development of more potent Notum inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguang Zhao
- Division
of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Fredrik Svensson
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - David Steadman
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Sarah Frew
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Amy Monaghan
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Magda Bictash
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Tiago Moreira
- Centre
for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.
| | - Rod Chalk
- Centre
for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.
| | - Weixian Lu
- Division
of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Paul V. Fish
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - E. Yvonne Jones
- Division
of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
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34
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Guo F, Seldin M, Péterfy M, Charugundla S, Zhou Z, Lee SD, Mouton A, Rajbhandari P, Zhang W, Pellegrini M, Tontonoz P, Lusis AJ, Shih DM. NOTUM promotes thermogenic capacity and protects against diet-induced obesity in male mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16409. [PMID: 34385484 PMCID: PMC8361163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95720-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently showed that NOTUM, a liver-secreted Wnt inhibitor, can acutely promote browning of white adipose. We now report studies of chronic overexpression of NOTUM in liver indicating that it protects against diet-induced obesity and improves glucose homeostasis in mice. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors were used to overexpress GFP or mouse Notum in the livers of male C57BL/6J mice and the mice were fed an obesifying diet. After 14 weeks of high fat, high sucrose diet feeding, the AAV-Notum mice exhibited decreased obesity and improved glucose tolerance compared to the AAV-GFP mice. Gene expression and immunoblotting analysis of the inguinal fat and brown fat revealed increased expression of beige/brown adipocyte markers in the AAV-Notum group, suggesting enhanced thermogenic capacity by NOTUM. A β3 adrenergic receptor agonist-stimulated lipolysis test suggested increased lipolysis capacity by NOTUM. The levels of collagen and C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in the epididymal white adipose tissue of the AAV-Notum mice were significantly reduced, suggesting decreased fibrosis and inflammation, respectively. RNA sequencing analysis of inguinal white adipose of 4-week chow diet-fed mice revealed a highly significant enrichment of extracellular matrix (ECM) functional cluster among the down-regulated genes in the AAV-Notum group, suggesting a potential mechanism contributing to improved glucose homeostasis. Our in vitro studies demonstrated that recombinant human NOTUM protein blocked the inhibitory effects of WNT3A on brown adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, NOTUM attenuated WNT3A’s effects on upregulation of TGF-β signaling and its downstream targets. Overall, our data suggest that NOTUM modulates adipose tissue function by promoting thermogenic capacity and inhibiting fibrosis through inhibition of Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, A2-237 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Marcus Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Miklós Péterfy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Sarada Charugundla
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, A2-237 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, A2-237 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Stephen D Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alice Mouton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, A2-237 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, A2-237 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Diana M Shih
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, A2-237 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA.
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35
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Robbins JM, Peterson B, Schranner D, Tahir UA, Rienmüller T, Deng S, Keyes MJ, Katz DH, Beltran PMJ, Barber JL, Baumgartner C, Carr SA, Ghosh S, Shen C, Jennings LL, Ross R, Sarzynski MA, Bouchard C, Gerszten RE. Human plasma proteomic profiles indicative of cardiorespiratory fitness. Nat Metab 2021; 3:786-797. [PMID: 34045743 PMCID: PMC9216203 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is a direct measure of human cardiorespiratory fitness and is associated with health. However, the molecular determinants of interindividual differences in baseline (intrinsic) VO2max, and of increases of VO2max in response to exercise training (ΔVO2max), are largely unknown. Here, we measure ~5,000 plasma proteins using an affinity-based platform in over 650 sedentary adults before and after a 20-week endurance-exercise intervention and identify 147 proteins and 102 proteins whose plasma levels are associated with baseline VO2max and ΔVO2max, respectively. Addition of a protein biomarker score derived from these proteins to a score based on clinical traits improves the prediction of an individual's ΔVO2max. We validate findings in a separate exercise cohort, further link 21 proteins to incident all-cause mortality in a community-based cohort and reproduce the specificity of ~75% of our key findings using antibody-based assays. Taken together, our data shed light on biological pathways relevant to cardiorespiratory fitness and highlight the potential additive value of protein biomarkers in identifying exercise responsiveness in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bennet Peterson
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniela Schranner
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Exercise Biology Group, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Usman A Tahir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theresa Rienmüller
- Institute of Health Care Engineering with Testing Center of Medical Devices, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Shuliang Deng
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle J Keyes
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Daniel H Katz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jacob L Barber
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Christian Baumgartner
- Institute of Health Care Engineering with Testing Center of Medical Devices, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program and Center for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Changyu Shen
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lori L Jennings
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Ross
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Sarzynski
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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36
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Bühler L, Maida A, Vogl ES, Georgiadi A, Takacs A, Kluth O, Schürmann A, Feuchtinger A, von Toerne C, Tsokanos FF, Klepac K, Wolff G, Sakurai M, Ekim Üstünel B, Nawroth P, Herzig S. Lipocalin 13 enhances insulin secretion but is dispensable for systemic metabolic control. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/4/e202000898. [PMID: 33536239 PMCID: PMC7898469 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thorough preclinical evaluation reveals a negligible role of lipocalin 13 in systemic glucose and lipid metabolism. Members of the lipocalin protein family serve as biomarkers for kidney disease and acute phase inflammatory reactions, and are under preclinical development for the diagnosis and therapy of allergies. However, none of the lipocalin family members has made the step into clinical development, mostly due to their complex biological activity and the lack of in-depth mechanistic knowledge. Here, we show that the hepatokine lipocalin 13 (LCN13) triggers glucose-dependent insulin secretion and cell proliferation of primary mouse islets. However, inhibition of endogenous LCN13 expression in lean mice did not alter glucose and lipid homeostasis. Enhanced hepatic secretion of LCN13 in either diet-induced or genetic obesity led to no discernible impact on systemic glucose and lipid metabolism, neither in preventive nor therapeutic setting. Of note, loss or forced LCN13 hepatic secretion did not trigger any compensatory regulation of related lipocalin family members. Together, these data are in stark contrast to the suggested gluco-regulatory and therapeutic role of LCN13 in obesity, and imply complex regulatory steps in LCN13 biology at the organismic level mitigating its principal insulinotropic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Bühler
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adriano Maida
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elena Sophie Vogl
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Georgiadi
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Takacs
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Kluth
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Foivos-Filippos Tsokanos
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katarina Klepac
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gretchen Wolff
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Minako Sakurai
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bilgen Ekim Üstünel
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Nawroth
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany .,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Chair Molecular Metabolic Control, Medical Faculty, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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37
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Norheim F, Chella Krishnan K, Bjellaas T, Vergnes L, Pan C, Parks BW, Meng Y, Lang J, Ward JA, Reue K, Mehrabian M, Gundersen TE, Péterfy M, Dalen KT, Drevon CA, Hui ST, Lusis AJ, Seldin MM. Genetic regulation of liver lipids in a mouse model of insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Mol Syst Biol 2021; 17:e9684. [PMID: 33417276 PMCID: PMC7792507 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20209684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the contributions of specific lipid species to metabolic traits, we integrated global hepatic lipid data with other omics measures and genetic data from a cohort of about 100 diverse inbred strains of mice fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet for 8 weeks. Association mapping, correlation, structure analyses, and network modeling revealed pathways and genes underlying these interactions. In particular, our studies lead to the identification of Ifi203 and Map2k6 as regulators of hepatic phosphatidylcholine homeostasis and triacylglycerol accumulation, respectively. Our analyses highlight mechanisms for how genetic variation in hepatic lipidome can be linked to physiological and molecular phenotypes, such as microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frode Norheim
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of NutritionInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | | | | | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human GeneticsUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Brian W Parks
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Yonghong Meng
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Jennifer Lang
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - James A Ward
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human GeneticsUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Margarete Mehrabian
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | | | - Miklós Péterfy
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
- Depatrment of Basic Medical SciencesWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCAUSA
| | - Knut T Dalen
- Department of NutritionInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Department of NutritionInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Vitas ASOsloNorway
| | - Simon T Hui
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of Human GeneticsUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Center for Epigenetics and MetabolismUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
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38
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Yang L, Yang L, Wang X, Xing H, Zhao H, Xing Y, Zhou F, Wang C, Song G, Ma H. Exploring the Multi-Tissue Crosstalk Relevant to Insulin Resistance Through Network-Based Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:756785. [PMID: 35116003 PMCID: PMC8805208 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.756785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a precursor event that occurs in multiple organs and underpins many metabolic disorders. However, due to the lack of effective means to systematically explore and interpret disease-related tissue crosstalk, the tissue communication mechanism in pathogenesis of IR has not been elucidated yet. To solve this issue, we profiled all proteins in white adipose tissue (WAT), liver, and skeletal muscle of a high fat diet induced IR mouse model via proteomics. A network-based approach was proposed to explore IR related tissue communications. The cross-tissue interface was constructed, in which the inter-tissue connections and also their up and downstream processes were particularly inspected. By functional quantification, liver was recognized as the only organ that can output abnormal carbohydrate metabolic signals, clearly highlighting its central role in regulation of glucose homeostasis. Especially, the CD36-PPAR axis in liver and WAT was identified and verified as a potential bridge that links cross-tissue signals with intracellular metabolism, thereby promoting the progression of IR through a PCK1-mediated lipotoxicity mechanism. The cross-tissue mechanism unraveled in this study not only provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of IR, but also is conducive to development of precision therapies against various IR associated diseases. With further improvement, our network-based cross-tissue analytic method would facilitate other disease-related tissue crosstalk study in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Linquan Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hanying Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuling Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Huijuan Ma, ; Guangyao Song,
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Huijuan Ma, ; Guangyao Song,
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39
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Chella Krishnan K, Floyd RR, Sabir S, Jayasekera DW, Leon-Mimila PV, Jones AE, Cortez AA, Shravah V, Péterfy M, Stiles L, Canizales-Quinteros S, Divakaruni AS, Huertas-Vazquez A, Lusis AJ. Liver Pyruvate Kinase Promotes NAFLD/NASH in Both Mice and Humans in a Sex-Specific Manner. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:389-406. [PMID: 32942044 PMCID: PMC7788245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is poorly understood, with males and certain populations exhibiting markedly increased susceptibility. Using a systems genetics approach involving multi-omic analysis of ∼100 diverse inbred strains of mice, we recently identified several candidate genes driving NAFLD. We investigated the role of one of these, liver pyruvate kinase (L-PK or Pklr), in NAFLD by using patient samples and mouse models. METHODS We examined L-PK expression in mice of both sexes and in a cohort of bariatric surgery patients. We used liver-specific loss- and gain-of-function strategies in independent animal models of diet-induced steatosis and fibrosis. After treatment, we measured several metabolic phenotypes including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, liver steatosis, and fibrosis. Liver tissues were used for gene expression and immunoblotting, and liver mitochondria bioenergetics was characterized. RESULTS In both mice and humans, L-PK expression is up-regulated in males via testosterone and is strongly associated with NAFLD severity. In a steatosis model, L-PK silencing in male mice improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and lactate/pyruvate tolerance compared with controls. Furthermore, these animals had reduced plasma cholesterol levels and intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation. Conversely, L-PK overexpression in male mice resulted in augmented disease phenotypes. In contrast, female mice overexpressing L-PK were unaffected. Mechanistically, L-PK altered mitochondrial pyruvate flux and its incorporation into citrate, and this, in turn, increased liver triglycerides via up-regulated de novo lipogenesis and increased PNPLA3 levels accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction. Also, L-PK increased plasma cholesterol levels via increased PCSK9 levels. On the other hand, L-PK silencing reduced de novo lipogenesis and PNPLA3 and PCSK9 levels and improved mitochondrial function. Finally, in fibrosis model, we demonstrate that L-PK silencing in male mice reduced both liver steatosis and fibrosis, accompanied by reduced de novo lipogenesis and improved mitochondrial function. CONCLUSIONS L-PK acts in a male-specific manner in the development of liver steatosis and fibrosis. Because NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis exhibit sexual dimorphism, our results have important implications for the development of personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan, PhD, UCLA Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Box 951679, Los Angeles, California 90095-1679. fax: (310) 794-7345, or
| | - Raquel R. Floyd
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Simon Sabir
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dulshan W. Jayasekera
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paola V. Leon-Mimila
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California,Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anthony E. Jones
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Angel A. Cortez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Varun Shravah
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Miklós Péterfy
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ajit S. Divakaruni
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Adriana Huertas-Vazquez
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California,Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California,Aldons J. Lusis, PhD, UCLA Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Box 951679, Los Angeles, California 90095-1679.
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40
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Metabolomic analysis of primary human skeletal muscle cells during myogenic progression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11824. [PMID: 32678274 PMCID: PMC7366914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle constitutes more than 30% of total body mass using substrates such as glycogen, glucose, free fatty acids, and creatinine phosphate to generate energy. Consequently, multinucleated myofibers and resident mononucleated stem cells (satellite cells) generate several metabolites, which enter into circulation affecting the function of other organs, especially during exercise and atrophy. The present study was aimed at building a comprehensive profile of metabolites in primary human skeletal muscle cells during myogenic progression in an untargeted metabolomics approach using a high resolution Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid Mass Spectrometer. Identification of metabolites with multivariate statistical analyses showed a global shift in metabolomic profiles between myoblasts undergoing proliferation and differentiation along with distinctly separable profiles between early and late differentiating cultures. Pathway analyses of 71 unique metabolites revealed that Pantothenate metabolism and Coenzyme A biosynthesis and Arginine Proline metabolism play dominant roles in proliferating myoblasts, while metabolites involved in vitamin B6, Glyoxylate and Dicarboxylate, Nitrogen, Glutathione, and Tryptophan metabolism were upregulated during differentiation. We found that early and late differentiating cultures displayed differences in Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Glycine, Serine and Threonine metabolism. Our results identify metabolites during maturation of muscle from progenitor myoblasts that have implications in muscle regeneration and pathophysiology.
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Complex diseases with highly heterogenous disease progression among patient populations, cardiovascular diseases feature multifactorial contributions from both genetic and environmental stressors. Despite significant effort utilizing multiple approaches from molecular biology to genome-wide association studies, the genetic landscape of cardiovascular diseases, particularly for the nonfamilial forms of heart failure, is still poorly understood. In the past decade, systems-level approaches based on omics technologies have become an important approach for the study of complex traits in large populations. These advances create opportunities to integrate genetic variation with other biological layers to identify and prioritize candidate genes, understand pathogenic pathways, and elucidate gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. In this review, we will highlight some of the recent progress made using systems genetics approaches to uncover novel mechanisms and molecular bases of cardiovascular pathophysiological manifestations. The key technology and data analysis platforms necessary to implement systems genetics will be described, and the current major challenges and future directions will also be discussed. For complex cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, systems genetics represents a powerful strategy to obtain mechanistic insights and to develop individualized diagnostic and therapeutic regiments, paving the way for precision cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph D. Rau
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine, Physiology
- Current address: Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Yibin Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine, Physiology
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Chen T, Hill JT, Moore TM, Cheung ECK, Olsen ZE, Piorczynski TB, Marriott TD, Tessem JS, Walton CM, Bikman BT, Hansen JM, Thomson DM. Lack of skeletal muscle liver kinase B1 alters gene expression, mitochondrial content, inflammation and oxidative stress without affecting high-fat diet-induced obesity or insulin resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165805. [PMID: 32339642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ad libitum high-fat diet (HFD) induces obesity and skeletal muscle metabolic dysfunction. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) regulates skeletal muscle metabolism by controlling the AMP-activated protein kinase family, but its importance in regulating muscle gene expression and glucose tolerance in obese mice has not been established. The purpose of this study was to determine how the lack of LKB1 in skeletal muscle (KO) affects gene expression and glucose tolerance in HFD-fed, obese mice. KO and littermate control wild-type (WT) mice were fed a standard diet or HFD for 14 weeks. RNA sequencing, and subsequent analysis were performed to assess mitochondrial content and respiration, inflammatory status, glucose and insulin tolerance, and muscle anabolic signaling. KO did not affect body weight gain on HFD, but heavily impacted mitochondria-, oxidative stress-, and inflammation-related gene expression. Accordingly, mitochondrial protein content and respiration were suppressed while inflammatory signaling and markers of oxidative stress were elevated in obese KO muscles. KO did not affect glucose or insulin tolerance. However, fasting serum insulin and skeletal muscle insulin signaling were higher in the KO mice. Furthermore, decreased muscle fiber size in skmLKB1-KO mice was associated with increased general protein ubiquitination and increased expression of several ubiquitin ligases, but not muscle ring finger 1 or atrogin-1. Taken together, these data suggest that the lack of LKB1 in skeletal muscle does not exacerbate obesity or insulin resistance in mice on a HFD, despite impaired mitochondrial content and function and elevated inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jonathon T Hill
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Timothy M Moore
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eric C K Cheung
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Zachary E Olsen
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Ted B Piorczynski
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Tanner D Marriott
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jeffery S Tessem
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Chase M Walton
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Benjamin T Bikman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jason M Hansen
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - David M Thomson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Zeng L, Talukdar HA, Koplev S, Giannarelli C, Ivert T, Gan LM, Ruusalepp A, Schadt EE, Kovacic JC, Lusis AJ, Michoel T, Schunkert H, Björkegren JLM. Contribution of Gene Regulatory Networks to Heritability of Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 73:2946-2957. [PMID: 31196451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants currently known to affect coronary artery disease (CAD) risk explain less than one-quarter of disease heritability. The heritability contribution of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) in CAD, which are modulated by both genetic and environmental factors, is unknown. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the heritability contributions of single nucleotide polymorphisms affecting gene expression (eSNPs) in GRNs causally linked to CAD. METHODS Seven vascular and metabolic tissues collected in 2 independent genetics-of-gene-expression studies of patients with CAD were used to identify eSNPs and to infer coexpression networks. To construct GRNs with causal relations to CAD, the prior information of eSNPs in the coexpression networks was used in a Bayesian algorithm. Narrow-sense CAD heritability conferred by the GRNs was calculated from individual-level genotype data from 9 European genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (13,612 cases, 13,758 control cases). RESULTS The authors identified and replicated 28 independent GRNs active in CAD. The genetic variation in these networks contributed to 10.0% of CAD heritability beyond the 22% attributable to risk loci identified by GWAS. GRNs in the atherosclerotic arterial wall (n = 7) and subcutaneous or visceral abdominal fat (n = 9) were most strongly implicated, jointly explaining 8.2% of CAD heritability. In all, these 28 GRNs (each contributing to >0.2% of CAD heritability) comprised 24 to 841 genes, whereof 1 to 28 genes had strong regulatory effects (key disease drivers) and harbored many relevant functions previously associated with CAD. The gene activity in these 28 GRNs also displayed strong associations with genetic and phenotypic cardiometabolic disease variations both in humans and mice, indicative of their pivotal roles as mediators of gene-environmental interactions in CAD. CONCLUSIONS GRNs capture a major portion of genetic variance and contribute to heritability beyond that of genetic loci currently known to affect CAD risk. These networks provide a framework to identify novel risk genes/pathways and study molecular interactions within and across disease-relevant tissues leading to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyao Zeng
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Husain A Talukdar
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Simon Koplev
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chiara Giannarelli
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Cardiovascular Research Centre, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Torbjörn Ivert
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Li-Ming Gan
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism Translational Medicines Unit, Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arno Ruusalepp
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Departments of Medicine, Cardiology, Human Genetics, Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tom Michoel
- Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Mouse Systems Genetics as a Prelude to Precision Medicine. Trends Genet 2020; 36:259-272. [PMID: 32037011 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mouse models have been instrumental in understanding human disease biology and proposing possible new treatments. The precise control of the environment and genetic composition of mice allows more rigorous observations, but limits the generalizability and translatability of the results into human applications. In the era of precision medicine, strategies using mouse models have to be revisited to effectively emulate human populations. Systems genetics is one promising paradigm that may promote the transition to novel precision medicine strategies. Here, we review the state-of-the-art resources and discuss how mouse systems genetics helps to understand human diseases and to advance the development of precision medicine, with an emphasis on the existing resources and strategies.
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Abstract
Maintenance of systemic homeostasis and the response to nutritional and environmental challenges require the coordination of multiple organs and tissues. To respond to various metabolic demands, higher organisms have developed a system of inter-organ communication through which one tissue can affect metabolic pathways in a distant tissue. Dysregulation of these lines of communication contributes to human pathologies, including obesity, diabetes, liver disease and atherosclerosis. In recent years, technical advances such as data-driven bioinformatics, proteomics and lipidomics have enabled efforts to understand the complexity of systemic metabolic cross-talk and its underlying mechanisms. Here, we provide an overview of inter-organ signals and their roles in metabolic control, and highlight recent discoveries in the field. We review peptide, small-molecule and lipid mediators secreted by metabolic tissues, as well as the role of the central nervous system in orchestrating peripheral metabolic functions. Finally, we discuss the contributions of inter-organ signalling networks to the features of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Priest
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Abstract
The common forms of metabolic diseases are highly complex, involving hundreds of genes, environmental and lifestyle factors, age-related changes, sex differences and gut-microbiome interactions. Systems genetics is a population-based approach to address this complexity. In contrast to commonly used 'reductionist' approaches, such as gain or loss of function, that examine one element at a time, systems genetics uses high-throughput 'omics' technologies to quantitatively assess the many molecular differences among individuals in a population and then to relate these to physiologic functions or disease states. Unlike genome-wide association studies, systems genetics seeks to go beyond the identification of disease-causing genes to understand higher-order interactions at the molecular level. The purpose of this review is to introduce the systems genetics applications in the areas of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Here, we explain how large clinical and omics-level data and databases from both human and animal populations are available to help researchers place genes in the context of pathways and networks and formulate hypotheses that can then be experimentally examined. We provide lists of such databases and examples of the integration of reductionist and systems genetics data. Among the important applications emerging is the development of improved nutritional and pharmacological strategies to address the rise of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Seldin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Chella Krishnan K, Sabir S, Shum M, Meng Y, Acín-Pérez R, Lang JM, Floyd RR, Vergnes L, Seldin MM, Fuqua BK, Jayasekera DW, Nand SK, Anum DC, Pan C, Stiles L, Péterfy M, Reue K, Liesa M, Lusis AJ. Sex-specific metabolic functions of adipose Lipocalin-2. Mol Metab 2019; 30:30-47. [PMID: 31767179 PMCID: PMC6812340 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a secreted protein involved in innate immunity and has also been associated with several cardiometabolic traits in both mouse and human studies. However, the causal relationship of LCN2 to these traits is unclear, and most studies have examined only males. METHODS Using adeno-associated viral vectors we expressed LCN2 in either adipose or liver in a tissue specific manner on the background of a whole-body Lcn2 knockout or wildtype mice. Metabolic phenotypes including body weight, body composition, plasma and liver lipids, glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, mitochondrial phenotyping, and metabolic cage studies were monitored. RESULTS We studied the genetics of LCN2 expression and associated clinical traits in both males and females in a panel of 100 inbred strains of mice (HMDP). The natural variation in Lcn2 expression across the HMDP exhibits high heritability, and genetic mapping suggests that it is regulated in part by Lipin1 gene variation. The correlation analyses revealed striking tissue dependent sex differences in obesity, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and dyslipidemia. To understand the causal relationships, we examined the effects of expression of LCN2 selectively in liver or adipose. On a Lcn2-null background, LCN2 expression in white adipose promoted metabolic disturbances in females but not males. It acted in an autocrine/paracrine manner, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and an upregulation of inflammatory and fibrotic genes. On the other hand, on a null background, expression of LCN2 in liver had no discernible impact on the traits examined despite increasing the levels of circulating LCN2 more than adipose LCN2 expression. The mechanisms underlying the sex-specific action of LCN2 are unclear, but our results indicate that adipose LCN2 negatively regulates its receptor, LRP2 (or megalin), and its repressor, ERα, in a female-specific manner and that the effects of LCN2 on metabolic traits are mediated in part by LRP2. CONCLUSIONS Following up on our population-based studies, we demonstrate that LCN2 acts in a highly sex- and tissue-specific manner in mice. Our results have important implications for human studies, emphasizing the importance of sex and the tissue source of LCN2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Sabir
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michaël Shum
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yonghong Meng
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebeca Acín-Pérez
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Lang
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Raquel R Floyd
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brie K Fuqua
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dulshan W Jayasekera
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sereena K Nand
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Diana C Anum
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Miklós Péterfy
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc Liesa
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Castillo‐Armengol J, Fajas L, Lopez‐Mejia IC. Inter-organ communication: a gatekeeper for metabolic health. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e47903. [PMID: 31423716 PMCID: PMC6726901 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201947903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidirectional interactions between metabolic organs in the periphery and the central nervous system have evolved concomitantly with multicellular organisms to maintain whole-body energy homeostasis and ensure the organism's adaptation to external cues. These interactions are altered in pathological conditions such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Bioactive peptides and proteins, such as hormones and cytokines, produced by both peripheral organs and the central nervous system, are key messengers in this inter-organ communication. Despite the early discovery of the first hormones more than 100 years ago, recent studies taking advantage of novel technologies have shed light on the multiple ways used by cells in the body to communicate and maintain energy balance. This review briefly summarizes well-established concepts and focuses on recent advances describing how specific proteins and peptides mediate the crosstalk between gut, brain, and other peripheral metabolic organs in order to maintain energy homeostasis. Additionally, this review outlines how the improved knowledge about these inter-organ networks is helping us to redefine therapeutic strategies in an effort to promote healthy living and fight metabolic disorders and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Center for Integrative GenomicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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49
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Scheja L, Heeren J. The endocrine function of adipose tissues in health and cardiometabolic disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019; 15:507-524. [PMID: 31296970 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-019-0230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their role in glucose and lipid metabolism, adipocytes respond differentially to physiological cues or metabolic stress by releasing endocrine factors that regulate diverse processes, such as energy expenditure, appetite control, glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, inflammation and tissue repair. Both energy-storing white adipocytes and thermogenic brown and beige adipocytes secrete hormones, which can be peptides (adipokines), lipids (lipokines) and exosomal microRNAs. Some of these factors have defined targets; for example, adiponectin and leptin signal through their respective receptors that are expressed in multiple organs. For other adipocyte hormones, receptors are more promiscuous or remain to be identified. Furthermore, many of these hormones are also produced by other organs and tissues, which makes defining the endocrine contribution of adipose tissues a challenge. In this Review, we discuss the functional role of adipose tissue-derived endocrine hormones for metabolic adaptations to the environment and we highlight how these factors contribute to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. We also cover how this knowledge can be translated into human therapies. In addition, we discuss recent findings that emphasize the endocrine role of white versus thermogenic adipocytes in conditions of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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50
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Sales VM, Gonçalves-Zillo T, Castoldi A, Burgos M, Branquinho J, Batista C, Oliveira V, Silva E, Castro CHM, Câmara N, Mori MA, Pesquero JB. Kinin B 1 Receptor Acts in Adipose Tissue to Control Fat Distribution in a Cell-Nonautonomous Manner. Diabetes 2019; 68:1614-1623. [PMID: 31167880 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The kinin B1 receptor (B1R) plays a role in inflammatory and metabolic processes. B1R deletion (B1 -/-) protects mice from diet-induced obesity and improves insulin and leptin sensitivity. In contrast, genetic reconstitution of B1R exclusively in adipose tissue reverses the lean phenotype of B1 -/- mice. To study the cell-nonautonomous nature of these effects, we transplanted epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) from wild-type donors (B1 +/+) into B1 -/- mice (B1 +/+→B1 -/-) and compared them with autologous controls (B1 +/+→B1 +/+ or B1 -/-→B1 -/-). We then fed these mice a high-fat diet for 16 weeks and investigated their metabolic phenotypes. B1 +/+→B1 -/- mice became obese but not glucose intolerant or insulin resistant, unlike B1 -/-→B1 -/- mice. Moreover, the endogenous adipose tissue of B1 +/+→B1 -/- mice exhibited higher expression of adipocyte markers (e.g., Fabp4 and Adipoq) and changes in the immune cell pool. These mice also developed fatty liver. Wild-type eWAT transplanted into B1 -/- mice normalized circulating insulin, leptin, and epidermal growth factor levels. In conclusion, we demonstrated that B1R in adipose tissue controls the response to diet-induced obesity by promoting adipose tissue expansion and hepatic lipid accumulation in cell-nonautonomous manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicencia M Sales
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Gonçalves-Zillo
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Burgos
- Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jessica Branquinho
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Batista
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valeria Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elton Silva
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Charlles H M Castro
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - João Bosco Pesquero
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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